广东省天河区高考英语语法二轮复习：阅读理解精讲精炼05含答案 9页

阅读理解精讲精炼0519.FredericMishkin,who"sbeenaprofessoratColumbiaBusinessSchoolforalmost30years,isgoodatsolvingproblemsandexpressingideas・Whetherhe"sstandinginfrontofalecturehallorengagedinacasualconversation,hishandsarealwayswavingandpointing.Whenhewasingraduateschool,oneofhisprofessorswassoannoyedbythisconstantgesturingthathemadetheyoungeconomistsitonhishandswheneverhevisitedtheprofessor"soffice.Itturnsout,however;thatMishkin"sprofessorhaditexactlywrong.Gesturedoesn"tpreventbutpromotesclearthoughtandspeech・ResearchdemonstratesthatthemovementswemakewithourhandswhenwetalkformakindofsecondIanguage,addinginformationthat"sabsentfromourwords.It"slearning"ssecretcode:Gesturerevealswhatweknow.Itrevealswhatwedon"tknow.What"smore,theagreement(orlackofagreement)betweenwhatourvoicessayandhowourhandsmoveoffersacluetoourreadinesstolearn.ManyofthestudiesestablishingtheimportaneeofgesturetolearninghavebeenconductedbySusanGoldiMeadow,aprofessorofpsychologyattheUniversityofChicago.HWechangeourmindsbymovingourhands,nwritesGoldin-Meadowinareviewofthiswork.Particularlysign讦icantarewhatshecalls"mismatches”betweenoralexpressionandphysicalgestures・Astudentmightsaythataheavierballfallsfasterthanalightone,forexample,butmakeagestureindicatingthattheyfallatthesamerate,whichiscorrect・Suchdifferencesindicatethatwe"removingfromonelevelofunderstandingtoanother.Thethoughtsexpressedbyhandmotionsareoftenournewestandmostadvaneedideasabouttheproblemwe"reworkingon;wecarftyetabsorbtheseconceptsintoIanguage,butwecancapturetheminmovement.GoldirvMeadow"smorerecentworkstrewsnotonlythatgestureshowsourreadinesstolearn,butthatitactuallyhelpstobringlearningabout・Itdoessointwoways・First,itelicits(弓|出)helpfulbehaviorfromothersaroundus.Goldin-Meadowhasfoundthatadultsrespondtochildren"sspeech-gesturemismatchesbyadjustingtheirwayofinstruct!on.Parentsandteachersapparentlyreceivethesignalthatchildrenarereadytolearn,andtheyactonitbyofferingagreatervarietyofproblem-solvingtechniques・Theactofgesturingitselfalsoseemstoquickenlearning,bringingnewknowledgeintoconsciousnessandaidingtheunderstandingofnewconcepts.A2007studybySusanWagnerCook,anassistantprofessorofpsychologyattheUniversityofIowa, reportedthatthird-graderswhowereaskedtogesturewhilelearningalgebra（代数）werenearlythreetimesmorelikelytorememberwhatthey"dlearnedthanclassmateswhodidnotgesture・1.AccordingtoParagraph1,FredericMishkinwasaskedtositonhishandsbecause_A.hecouldlitterexpresshisideasthatwayB.healwayspointedhisfingerathisprofessorC.hisprofessordidnotlikehisgesturingD.hisgesturespreventedhisprofessorfromthinking2.Howisgesturingimportantinacquiringknowledge?A.Itdrawstastefulresponsesfromothersandincreaseslearningspeed.B.ItpromotessecondIanguagelearningandquickensthinking.C.Itprovidessign讦icantcluesforsolvingacademicproblems・D.Itreducesstudents"relianeeonteachers"instruct!on.3.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassageaboutgesture-speechmismatches?A.Theycanstimulateourcreativity.B.Instructorsshouldmakefulluseofthem.C.Teacherscanhardlyexplainnewconceptswithoutthem・D.Theyserveasasteppingstonetosolvingreallifeproblems.4.Whatcouldbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.HandMotions,aSecondLanguageB.Gesturing:SignalofUnderstandingC.NewUsesofGesturingD.TheSecretCodeofLearning1.C考查判断推理。根据Whenhewasingraduateschool,oneofhisprofessorswassoannoyedbythisconstantgesturing中的annoyed可知C正确。2.A考查判断推理。根据itelicits（引出）helpfulbehaviorfromothersaroundus.和heactofgesturingitselfalsoseemstoquickenlearning,bringingnewknowledgeintoconsciousnessandaidingtheunderstandingofnewconcepts•可推矢口A正确。3.B考查判断推理。根据文章的最后一段可知。4.D考查文章的标题。根据文章的第二段可知文章的主题是TheSecretCodeofLearningo20.Whichissillier:denyingweeverwenttothemoonortryingtoconvincethetruenonbelievers?Onceuponatime-July20,1969,tobespecific一twomengotoutoftheirlittlespaceshipand wanderedaroundonthemoonforawhile.Tenmoremenwalkedonthemoonoverthenextthreeandahalfyears.Theend.Unfortunately,notquite・AfairnumberofAmericansthinkthatthiswholebusinessofmoonlandingsreallyisafairytale.Theybelievethatthelandingswereabighoax(骗局)stagedintheMojaveDesert,toconvinceeveryonethatU.S.technologywasthe"bestest"inthewholewideworld・Whichistheharderthingtodo:Sendmentothemoonormakebelievewedid?Thefactisthephysicsbehindsendingpeopletothemoonissimple.Youcandoitwithcomputerswhoseentirememorycapacitiescannowfitonchipsthesizeofpostagestampsandthatcostaboutasmuchas,well,apostagestamp.Iknowyoucanbecausewedid・However,lastfallNASAconsideredspending$15,000onapublic-relationscampaigntoconvincetheunimpressedthatAmericanshadinfactgonetothemoon.ThatideawasmostlyareactiontoaFoxtelevisionprogram,firstairedinFebruary2001,thatclaimedtoexposethehoax.Theshow"screatorisapublicityhound(猎狗)whohasliveduptothenameinmorewaysthanonebyhoundingBuzzAldrin,thesecondmanonthemoon.Mr.X(asIwillcallhim,therebydenyinghimthejoyoussightofhisnameinprint)recentlyfollowedBuzzAldrinaroundandcalledhim"athief,liarandcoward"untilthe72-year-oldastronautfinallylostitandhitthe37-year-oldMr.Xintheface.Anyway,NASA"spublicitycampaignbegantoslowdown.ThenonbelieverstookthecampaignasNASA"sefforttohidesomethingwhilethebelieverssaidthat$15,000toconvincepeoplethattheworldwasround—Imean,thatwehadgonetothemoon—wassimplyawasteofmoney.(Actually,the$15,000wassupposedtopayforanarticlebyJamesE.Oberg,anastronomywriterwho,withAldrin,hascontributedtoScientificAmerican.)IfNASA"snotpayingOberg,perhapsitcouldputthemoneytogoodusebyhiringtwobigguystodragNeilArmstrongoutofthehouse.Armstrongisanextremelyprivateman,butheisalsothefirstmanonthemoon,somaybehehasadutytobeabitmoreoutspokenabouttheexperienee.OrNASAcouldjustbuyAldrinacommemorateplaque（纪念匾）forhisrecenttouchonthefaceofMr.X.1.WecanlearnfromParagraphs2and3thatsomeAmericansbelieve.A.moonlandingswereinventedB・U.S.technologywasthebest C.moonlandingendedsuccessfullyD.theMojaveDesertwasthelaunchingbase1.Accordingtothewriter,whichofthefollowingistoblameforthestoryaboutthehoax?A.NASA"spublicitycampaign.B.TheFoxtelevisionprogram.C.BuzzAldrjn・D・JamesE・Oberg・2.Accordingtothewriter,Mr.X.A.toldafaithfulstoryB.wasnottreatedproperlyC.wasatalentedcreatorD.hadabadreputation3.ThebelieversthinkthatNASA"spublicitycampaignis.A.prooftohidethetruthB・stupidandunnecessaryC・neededtoconvincethenon-believersD.importanttodevelopspacetechnology4.Whatisimpliedinthelastparagraph?A.NASAshouldnotbotherwiththenon-believers.B.Armstrongwasaveryprivateanddeterminedperson.C.ArmstrongshouldbeasoutspokenasBuzzAldrin.D.NASAshouldsendmoreastronautstoouterspace・5.Thetoneofthearticleis.A.angryB.conversationalC・humorousD.matter-of-fact【答案与解析】美国当年的登月活动是否是一场精心策划的骗局?针对一些人的质疑，美国航空航天局开始了一场行动，旨在确认事实。作者对此不屑一顾，认为是小题大做，毫无必要。1.A推理判断题。第二段提到自从那几个人登月后，再也没有了下文；第三段则直言有人认为这是一场大骗局。由此可推断一些美国人认为登月是捏造出來的。2.B细节理解题。根据第五段第二句中的内容可知应该把骗局的故事归咎于这个电视节目.3.D正误判断题。根据第五段中的"BuzzAldrin,thesecondmanonthenoon/z可知D项内容正确。4.B推理判断题。倒数第二段的中间部分提到相信者认为航空航天局的这一行动与证明地球是圆的没有什么差别，是在浪费钱财，由此可推断他们认为这种做法愚蠢而且没有必要。 1.A推理判断题、最后--段的半部分提到美国航空航天局的这笔钱可以有更好的用途，让NeilArmstrong现身说法更有说服力，由此可推断美国航空航天局不应该为澄清怀疑者的言论而费尽周折。2.C文章结构题。本文的写作笔调在最后一段体现得最为明显，结合本段中的动词drag以及最后一句的内容可知本文风格"幽默21."Confidence〃isprobablyoneofthemostnoticeabletraits(品质)intheAmericans.Theyshowconfidenceinthewaytheytalk,thewaytheysmile,thewaytheydressandthewaytheywalk.LivingandcompetingwithalltheseconfidenceAmericanstudents,Ifinditextremelyimportanttobeconfidentasaninternationalstudentandinstructor.Asastudent,beingconfidentmeansyoushouldneverhesitatetoraiseyourhandwheneveraquestionorapointcomestoyourmind.Don"tmindifitsoundssimpleorsilly.Otherwiseyouwillnevergetachaneetospeakinclassatall.What"sworse,theprofessorsmaythinkyouarenotpreparedforthediscussionoryoudonothaveyourownopinionontheissue-thisisthelastcommentanygraduatewouldliketoreceiveoBeingconfideneeformeasaforeigninstructormeanscalmlyaskingthestudenttorepeatwhatheorshehassaidifIdidnotgetit.Pretendingtounderstandwhatyouactuallydidnotmayjustbringyourselfembarrassmentorevendisgrace・ButthetimeImostneedtobeconfidentiswhenmystudentscometomyofficeandbargainaboutthegradesIhavegivenfortheirSpeecheso(ThecourseKmteachinghereisPublicSpeaking)・ModestyisatraithighlyvaluedinChina,butitworftbeofmuchhelphereifyouwanttosurviveandsucceedinagoodAmericangraduateprogram.l.TocompetewithAmericanstudentsit"sveryimportantto•A.bequiteconfidentB.bepoliteandfriendlyC・havemorediscussionswithD.understandwhattheythinkabout2.Aprofessorwillhavetheworstopinionofastudentwho.A.givesasillyorsimpleanswer A.triestoseizeanychaneetospeakinclassB.showsnointerestinthecourseC.isconsideredtohavenoopinionofhisown2.Theauthorismostlikelytofeelembarrassedif.A.heasksastudenttorepeatwhathehassaidB.thestudentsbargainwithhimC.hepretendstoknowwhathedoesrftD.hehastogiveaspeech3.Welearnfromthesecondparagraphthat・A.weshouldalsoremainmodestinAmericaB.modestydoesn"thelpmodestinAmericaC.AmericanalsolikemodestpeopleD.modestycanhelpyouthroughanAmericangraduateprogram4.Thepassageismainlydevelopedby.A.providingexamplesB・makingcomparisonsC・givingdifferentfiguresD.tellingpersonalexperiences【答案与解析】文章向我们讲述了在和自信心很强的的美国学生一块学习中自信心、以及发表主见的重要性。1.A细节理解题。由第一段的"LivingandcompetingwithalltheseconfidenceAmericanstudents,Ifinditextremelyimportanttobeconfident../"nJ"以看出：为了和这些信心很足的美国学生竞争，信心是很重要的。2.D细节理解题。由第一段的"What"sworse,theprofessorsmaythinkyouarenotpreparedforthediscussionoryoudonothaveyourownopinionontheissue"可以看出，教授们对没有自己观点的学生评价最差。 1.C考查细节理解题。题干关键词"feelembarrassed"对应原文的"bringyourselfembarrassment"。由最后——段白勺"Pretendingtounderstandwhatyouactuallydidnotmayjustbringyourselfembarrassment"可矢口答案。2.B细节理解题。由该段的".ModestyisatraithighlyvaluedinChina,butitwon"tbeofmuchhelphere-可以看出，谦逊在美国根本就没有多大的帮助。3.D文章结构推断题。文章主要是以自己从事导师工作的经历来向我们阐述自信以及有自己的主见的重要性，故选D。22.Tiredofthosecharacterlessbusinesshotelchains?Beijingofferssomespecialchoicesforyoutoexperieneeluxury（奢侈）anduniqueness.IfyouarefondoftraditionalcourtyardsandChinesearchitecture,Anmanistheperfectplacetorealizeyourfantasy・LocatednexttotheEastGateoftheSummerPalace,Anmanhousesaseriesofrooms,boasting【以拥有…而自豪】ChinesecultureandroyalIandscapes（景观），featuringold-timeattractivenessaswellasmoderncomfort.AnmanatSummerPalace,15GongmenqianStreet,EastgateOfSummerPalace,HaidianDistrict;amanresorts.com;Roomsstartat$550HtfldCrInspiredbythestyleofthe1960s,HotelGliesinSanlitun,Beijing"sfashionableentertainmentdistrict.Thisexcellentlocationenablesgueststoexplorethecolorfulnightlifeofthecapitalandcanchoosefromanumberofimpressiveclubsandpubs・Thehotelhas100roomsinwhichyoucanenjoyluxuryandmodernity.HotelG,NoA7GongtixiluChaoyangDistrictBeijing;hotel-g.com;Roomsstartat1188yuan.DuGeCourtyardBoutiqueHotelThecharmandromanceofhutonghaveattractedsomany Westerntourists・StayinginacourtyardisauniquewaytoexperieneetheheritageofChineseculture・Locatedinatraditionalhutong,DuGeCourtyardisahiddenpearl,andbridgesthegapbetweeneasternphilosophy（哲学）andwesternconceptscreatingahomeyatmosphere・DuGeCourtyardBoutiqueHotel,QianyuanensiHutongNo26,Nanluoguxiang,Dongchengdistrict;dugecourtyard.com;Roomsstartat1200yuan.IbeOppositeHeLocatedinnoisingSanlitun,theOppositeHouseisarelaxingplacewhereclassicmeetsfashion.ThehotelaimstorecallguestsIfyouwanttouseaslittlemoneyaspossibletoexperieneeluxuryanduniqueness,you"dliketochoosetolivein.A.AnmanatSummerPalaceB.HotelGC・DuGeCourtyardBoutiqueHotelD・TheOppositeHouseIfyourGermanfriendisinterestedinChineseHutongcultureandwillvisitBeijingnextmonth,you"lladvisehimtoclickforfurtherinformation.A・amanresorts.comB.hotel-g.comC.dugecourtyard.comenergyandenthusiasmafteraday"sexhaustioninthisfast-pacedcity.Withitscreativespacedesignandindividualservicesuchasqualityfurnitureandtopequipment,guestsareimpressedbyjoyouscomfortandcontentment.TheOppositeHouse,TheVillage,Building1No11SanlitunRoad,ChaoyangDistrict;theoppositehouse.com;Roomsstartat2250yuan.:LWhichofthefollowingarelocatedinBeijing"sfashionableentertainmentdistrict,Sanlitun?A.AnmanatSummerPalaceandHotelGB.TheOppositeHouseandHotelGC・AnmanatSummerPalaceandTheOppositeHouseD.DuGeCourtyardBoutiqueHotelandTheOppositeHouseD.theoppositehouse.com4.Thepassageismostlikelytoappearinwhichsectionofanewspaper?A.businessB・cultureC・opinionD・travel【答案与解析】文章介绍了北京地区四家豪华旅馆特有的风格、独特的环境、地理位置、网址以及每家旅馆的最低标价。 1.B考查事实细节。由该句"HotelGliesinSanlitun,Beijing"sfashionableentertainmentdistrict"©旅馆位于北京三里屯的时尚娱乐区）可直接得出答案。2.A.考查事实细节。纵观全文每个旅馆的房间都有都低报价，报价最低的是A.AnmanatSummerPalace。3.c考查事实细节。胡同文化是DuGe庭院精品旅馆特有的风格，要想从网上深入了解，当然耍点击它的网址dugecourtyard.com4.D推理判断题。通过文章大意可以看出，该文章为在外旅行者选择旅馆提供了方便，很有可能背旅行者随身携带。