广东省天河区高考英语语法二轮复习：阅读理解精讲精炼16含答案 9页

阅读理解精讲精炼1680.Facialexpressionscarrymeaningthatisdeterminedbysituationsandrelationships.Forexample,inAmericanculture（文彳匕）thesmileisingeneralanexpressionofpleasure・Yetitalsohasotheruses.Awoman"ssmileatapoliceofficerdoesnotcarrythesamemeaningasthesmileshegivestoayoungchild.Asmilemayshowloveorpoliteness・Itcanalsohidetruefeelings・Itoftencausesconfusion（困惑）acrosscultures.Forexample,manypeopleinRussiaconsidersmilingatstrangersinpublictobeunusualandevenimprope匚YetmanyAmericanssmilefreelyatstrangersinpublicplaces（allhoughthisislesscommoninbigcities）.SomeRussiansbelievethatAmericanssmileinthewrongplaces;someAmericansbelievethatRussiansdon"tsmileenough・InSoutheastAsiancultures,asmileisfrequentlyusedtocoverpainfulfeelings.Vietnamesepeoplemaytellasadstorybutendthestorywithasmile•Ourfacesshowemotions（t青感），butweshouldnotattemptto"reacTpeoplefromanothercultureaswewould“read”someonefromourownculture・Thefactthatmembersofoneculturedonotexpresstheiremotionsasopenlyasdomembersofanotherdoesnotmeanthattheydonotexperienceemotions.Rather,thereareculturaldifferencesintheamountoffacialexpressivenesspermitted・Forexample,inpublicandinformalsituationsmanyJapanesedonotshowtheiremotionsasfreelyasAmericansdo.Whenwithfriends,JapaneseandAmericansseemtoshowtheiremotionssimilarly.ItisdifficulttogeneralizeaboutAmericansandfacialexpressivenessbecauseofpersonalandculturaldifferencesintheUnitedStates.PeoplefromcertainculturalbackgroundsintheUnitedStatesseemtobemorefaciallyexpressivethanothers-Thekeyistotrynottojudgepeoplewhosewaysofshowingemotionaredifferent.Ifwejudgeaccordingtoourownculturalhabits,wemaymakethemistakeof"reading"theotherpersonincorrectly・49.WhatdoesthesmileusuallymeanintheU.S.?A・Love.B・Politeness.C.Joy.D.Thankfulness・50.TheauthormentionsthesmileoftheVietnamesetoprovethatasmilecan・A.showfriendlinesstostrangersB•beusedtohidetruefeelingsC・beusedinthewrongplacesD.showpersonalhabits51•Whatshouldwedobeforeattemptingto“reacTpeople?A.Learnabouttheirrelationswithothers.B•Understandtheirculturalbackgrounds.C.Findoutabouttheirpastexperience・D・Figureoutwhattheywilldonext.52.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.CulturalDifferencesB•SmilesandRelationshipsC.FacialExpressivenessD・HabitsandEmotions【要点综述】本文主要介绍了不同的文化背景下，不同国家的人们在运用面部表情的时候也有着很大的差异，因此，我们在判断他人面部表情的含义的时候，不要以自己的文化背景为根据，这样会做出错误的判断。49.C细节理解题。根据第一段的“Forexample,inAmericanculture（文化）thesmileisingeneralanexpressionofpleasure.v可知在美国，微笑一般表示的是"高兴”的意思。A项表示 “爱”；B项“有礼貌”，是一些特殊情况下的含义；D项表示“感谢”，没有这个信息。49.B推理判断题。结合第一段的最后一句话"Vietnamesepeoplemaytellasadstorybutendthestorywitha提到了越南人以微笑来结束一个悲伤的故事，是掩饰真实情感的例子，故选B。A项“对陌生人友好”，是美国人的做法；C项“微笑会在错误的地方使用”；D项表示“个人的习惯”；均与原文信息不符。50.B细节理解题。根据最后一段的最后一句话"Ifwejudgeaccordingtoourownculturalhabits,wemaymakethemistakeof"reading9theotherpersonincorrectly."可知在理解他人的面部表情的时候，首先要懂得他们的文化背景，不能以自己的文化来理解他人的面部表情。A“了解与他人的关系”；C“找出他们过去的经历”；D“预测他们下一步将做什么”；均与原文信息不符。51.C标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了在不同的文化背景下，人们的面部表情传达的意思不同，以美国人和世界各地其他不同国家的人们在面部表情表达方式的不同为例，说明了我们在理解他人表情的时候，不要以自己的文化背景为基础，因此选C。A“文化差别”；B“微笑与关系”；D“习惯与感情”；均不是文章的主题。81.IfConfucius（孑L子）werestillalivetodayandcouldcelebratehisSeptember28birthdaywithabigcake,therewouldbealotofcandles・He"dneedafanorastrongwindtohelphimputthemout.WhilemanypeopleinChinawillrememberConfuciusonhisspecialday,fewpeopleintheUnitedStateswillgivehimapassingthought.Itfsnothingpersonal.MostAmericansdon"tevenrememberthebirthdaysoftheirownnationalheroes.Butthisdoesn"tmeanthatAmericansdorftcareaboutConfucius・Inmanywayshehasbecomeabridgethatforeignersmustcross讦theywanttoreachadeeperunderstandingofChina.Inthepasttwodecades,theChinesestudiesprogramshavegainedhugepopularityinWesternuniversities・Morerecently,theChinesegovernmenthassetupConfuciusInstitutesinmorethan8（）countries.TheseschoolsteachbothChineselanguageandculture.ThemaincoursesofChinesecultureusuallyincludeChineseart,historyandphilosophy（哲学）.SomesocialscientistssuggestthatWesternersshouldtakeadvantageoftheancientChinesewisdomtomakeupforthedrawbacksofWesternphilosophy・StudentsintheUnitedStates,atthesametime,areracingtolearnChinese・SotheywillbereadyforlifeinaworldwhereChinaisanequalpowerwiththeUnitedStates.BusinessmenwhohopetomakemoneyinChinaarereadingbooksaboutConfuciustounderstandtheirChinesecustomers・Sotheoldthinkersideasarestillaliveandwell・TodayChinaattractstheWestmorethanever,anditwillneedmoreteacherstointroduceConfuciusandChineseculturetotheWest・Asfortheoldthinker,hewillnotsoonbeforgottenbypeopleintheWest,evenifhisbirthdayis.64・Theopeningparagraphismainlyintendedto.A.providesomekeyfactsaboutConfuciusB・attractthereaders1interestinthesubjectC.showgreatrespectfortheancientthinkerD・provethepopularityofmodernbirthdaycelebrations65.WecanleamfromParagraph4thatAmericanstudents.A.haveagreatinterestinstudyingChineseB・takeanactivepartinChinesecompetitionsC・trytogethighscoresinChineseexamsD・fightforachancetolearnChinese66.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.ForgottenWisdominAmericaB・HugeFansoftheChineseLanguageC•ChineseCultureforWesternersD.OldThinkerwithaBigFuture 67-Thepassageislikelytoappearin・A•abiographyB•ahistorypaperC・anewspaperD・aphilosophytextbook【要点综述】尽管东西方纪念孔子的方式不同，孔子在西方仍受到推崇。世界各地的孔子学院受到了西方人的欢迎。这成为了解中国文化的桥梁。64.B写作意图题。作者开篇提出，如果孔子活到今天，按照西方点蜡烛庆祝他的生日，吹蜡烛是一件麻烦的事情。作者以这个作为开场白，目的是吸引读者。C有一定的干扰性。作者在后面讲述了西方人不会这么做，这并不代表他们不尊重孔子，由此我们排除C。65.A推理判断题。第四段的第一句就是本段的主旨句。这一段讲述了孔子文化在西方的受欢迎程度，因此我们可以得出答案。66.D主旨大意题。全文讲述了孔子学院在西方的受欢迎程度。它架起了东方文化向西方输送的桥梁，因此是古老的思想家与未来的结合。C有一定的干扰性。本文介绍了孔子思想在西方国家的传播，因此C的范围过大。67.C文章出处题。本文介绍了孔子学院在西方的盛行，因此属于报道类文章，应该是在报纸里出现。82.Grown-upsareoftensurprisedbyhowwelltheyremembersomethingtheylearnedaschildrenbuthaveneverpracticedeversince・Amanwhohasnothadachancetogoswimmingforyearscanstillswimaswellaseverwhenhegetsbackinthewater;Hecangetonabicycleaftermanyyearsandstillrideaway.Hecanplaycatchandhitaballaswellashisson.Amotherwhohasnotthoughtaboutthewordsforyearscanteachherdaughterthepoemthatbegins“Twinkle,twinkle,littlestar9orrememberthestoryofCinderellaorGoldilocksandtheThreeBears.Oneexplanationisthelawofoverlearning,whichcanbestatedasfollows:Oncewehavelearnedsomething,additionallearningtrialsincreasethelengthoftimewewillrememberil・Inchildhoodweusuallycontinuetopracticesuchskillsasswimming,bicycleriding,andplayingbaseballlongafterwehavelearnedthem.Wecontinuetolistentoandremindourselvesofwordssuchas“Twinkle,twinkle,littlestar"andchildhoodtalessuchasCinderellaandGoldilocks.Wenotonlylearnbutoverlearn.Themultiplicationtables（乘法rT诀表）areanexceptiontothegeneralrulethatweforgetratherquicklythethingsthatwelearninschool,becausetheyareanotherofthethingsweoverlearninchildhood.Thelawofoverlearningexplainswhycramming（突击学习）foranexamination,thoughitmayresultinapassinggrade,isnotasatisfactorywaytolearnacollegecourse・Bycramming,astudentmaylearnthesubjectwellenoughtogetbyontheexamination,butheislikelysoontoforgetalmosteverythinghelearned・Alittleoverlearning,ontheotherhand,isreallynecessaryforone"sfuturedevelopment.65.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph1?A-Peoplerememberwellwhattheylearnedinchildhood.B・Childrenhaveabettermemorythangrown-ups.C.Poemreadingisagoodwaytolearnwords.D.Storiesforchildrenareeasytoremember.68-Theauthorexplainsthelawofoverlearningby・A.presentingresearchfindingsB・settingdowngeneralrulesC.makingacomparisonD.usingexamples69.Accordingtotheauthor,beingabletousemultiplicationtablesis・A.aresultofoverlearningB・aspecialcaseofcrammingC.askilltodealwithmathproblemsD.abasicsteptowardsadvancedstudies70.Whatistheauthor"sopiniononcramming? A.Itleadstofailureincollegeexams・B・It"shelpfulonlyinalimitedway.C.Il"spossibletoresultinpoormemory.D.Itincreasesstudents1learninginterest.【要点综述】本文是一篇议论文。成年人常常惊叹他们能很好地记着儿时学过的东西。作者认为这是儿时过度学习的结果，是因为当我们儿时学会一样东西的时候，我们不是就此停止，而是继续练习，才使我们记忆深刻。文章用例证法说明了“过度学习”的概念。最后作者谈到了“过度学习”的好处和“突击学习”的弊端。67.A段落大意题。根据文章第一段中的“Grown-upsareoftensurprisedbyhowwelltheyremembersomethingtheytearnedaschildrenbuthaveneverpracticedeversince・"可知,文章讲的是成年人常常惊叹他们非常好地记着儿时学过的东西。C、D断章取义，讲得太具体，B项错误，因为那是过度学习的结果，不是儿时记忆力好。所以A正确。6&D推理判断题。根据文章的内容可知：作者采用了举例子的说明方法。比如：“practicesuchskillsasswimming,bicycleriding,andplayingbaseballlongafterwehavelearnedthem."和"•••they[themultiplicationtables（乘法口诀表）]areanotherofthethingsweoverlearninchildhood.”69.A推理判断题。根据文章的第四段“becausetheyareanotherofthethingsweoverlearninchildhood?可知，乘法口诀仍然是儿时过度学习的结果。所以选A。70.B推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“Bycramming,astudentmaylearnthesubjectwellenoughtogetbyontheexamination,butheislikelysoontoforgetalmosteverythinghelearned."可知，突击学习只在有限的方面有帮助。所以B正确。82.bluenecklacehopingtoprotectthemselvesagainstevils（灾祸）.People"schoiceofcolorsisalsoinfluencedbytheirbodies1reactions（反应）（owardthem・Greenissaidtobethemostrestfulcolor.Ithastheabilitytoreducepainandrelaxpeoplebothmentallyandphysically・Peoplewhoworkingreenenvironmentshavebeenfoundtohavefewerstomachaches・Redcancauseaperson"sbloodpressuretoriseandincreasepeople"sappetites（食欲）.Manydecoratorswillincludedifferentshadesofredintherestaurant.Similarly,manycommercialwebsiteswillhaveared"BuyNow"buttonbecauseredisacolorthateasilycatchesaperson"seye・Blueisanothercalmingcolor.Unlikered,bluecancausepeopletoloseappetite.Soifyouwanttoeatless,somesuggestthateatingfromblueplatescanhelp.Thenexttimeyouaredecidingonwhattowearorwhatcolortodecorateyourroom,thinkaboutthecolorcarefully.60.Muslimsregardgreenasasymbolofheavenmainlybecauseoftheir.A.culturalvaluesB・commercialpurposesC.personalexperiencesD.physicalreactionstothecolor61.Whywillmanycommercialwebsiteshaveared“BuyNow”button?A.Torelaxpeoplephysically.B.Toincreasepeople"sappetites-C.Toencouragepeopletomakeapurchase.D.Tocauseaperson"sbloodpressuretorise.62.Whatcolormighthelploseweightaccordingtothetext?A.Red.B.Green・C.Blue.D.Purple.63.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethemostpropertitleforthetext?A.ColorsandHumanBeingsB・TheCulturalMeaningofColorC.ColorsandPersonalExperiences D.TheMeaningandFunctionofColor【要点综述】本文主要讲颜色在不同的国家中代表不同含义以及在日常生活中的不同功能。60.A细节推断题。根据第二段中Theanswerdependslargelyonculturalvaluesaswellaspersonalexperiences.可知颜色和文化价值以及个人经历有关。再根据•••forMuslims,itmeansheaven.可判断应该是文化价值而不是个人经历。61.C细节推断题。根据第四段中…becauseredisacolorthateasilycatchesaperson"seye可知红色容易吸引眼球，意思是鼓励别人购买。62.C细节推断题。根据第五段中bluecancausepeopletoloseappetite.Soifyouwanttoeatless,somesuggestthateatingfromblueplatescanhelp•可判断选C。63.D主旨大意题。本文主要讲颜色的不同意义和功能，所以可判断选D。83.ThereisnobetterwaytoenjoyScottishtraditionsthangoingfishingandtastingalittlebitofwhisky（威士忌）ataquietplaceliketheInverlochyCastle.WhenQueenVictoriavisitedthecastlein1873shewroteinherdiary,"Ineversawalovelierspot."Andshedidn"tevengofishing・Scotlandisnoteasilydefined・Incertainmoments,thisquietlandoflakesandgrassesandmountainschangesbeforeyourveryeyes・Wheneveninggentlysweepsthehillsideintoorangelight,therivers,teemingwithfish,canturnintostreamsofgold・AsyousettledownwithjustafishingpoleandabasketonthebankofRiverOrchy,neartheInverlochyCastle,anyfrustration（烦恼）willfloatawayasgentlyasthecirclingwater.Itsjustyouandpurple,pink,whiteflowers,seekingaperfectharmony.Ifyouareanewcomertofishing,learningthebasicsfromafishingguidemayleaveyouwithalifetime"sfun.Formany,fishingismorethanasport;itisanart.Scotlandoffersinterestingplaceswhereyoucanrestafteralongday"sfishing.Setagainstawildmountainandhiddenbehindwoodland,thebeautifulInverlochyCastleHotelbelowtheNevisisaperfectplacetoseethebeautyofScotland"smountains.BenNevisisthehighestofallBritishmountains,andreachingits1343-metretopisachallenge.Butitsnotjustwhatgoeslipthatmatters;whatcomesdownisunique.Morethan900metreshigh,onthemountain"snorthface,liesanall-importantsourceofpurewater.ItsnamecomesfromtheGaeliclanguage"usquebaugh"or"wateroflife”；anditisthesinglemostimportantingredient（原料）inScotland"sbestknowndrink：whisky.64.ThestoryofQueenVictoriaistoshowthat・A.theQueenisrichintourexperienceB.theCastleisagoodplacetogoinScotlandC.tastingwhiskyisbetterthangoingfishingD.1873isaspecialyearfortheQueen65.HowisParagraph2mainlydeveloped?A.Bygivingdescriptions.B.Byfollowingtimeorde匚C・Byanalyzingcauses.D.Bymakingcomparisons.66.WhatisBenNevisspecialfor?A.TheInverlochyCastleHotel.B.ThebeautyofitssuiTOundings・C.Thewaterfromthemountain.D.Thechallengeuptoitstop・67.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.TointroduceScottishtraditionstotourists-A.ToshowtheattractionsofScotlandtoreaders.C・ToexploregeographicalcharacteristicsofSco什and.D.TodescribethepleasuresoflifeinScotland・ 【要点综述】该篇材料介绍了苏格兰InverlochyCastle的迤通风光，既有地理风光，又有人文情怀。其写作目的是向读者介绍这里的风土人情，吸引游客观光游览。60.B推理判断题。引用维多利亚女王的故事目的是提升其城堡的名望。61.A推理判断题。该段首句Scotlandisnoteasilydefined（苏格兰很难定义）明示，该段材料使用的是白描的手法，即通过详尽的描述来说明此地风光无限。62.C细节理解题。短文最后一段直接说明BenNevis的特产酿造上等威士忌的优质水源。63.B写作意图题。该篇材料不惜笔墨描述InverlochyCastle及其附近的风光，其目的显而易见：招揽游客。84.TotaketheappleasaforbiddenfruitisthemostunlikelystorytheChristians（基督教徒）haveevercookedup.Forthem,theforbiddenfruitfromEdenisevil（邪恶的）.SowhenColumbusbroughtthetomatobackfromSouthAmerica,alandmistakenlyconsideredtobeEden,everyonejumpedtotheobviousconclusion・WronglytakenastheappleofEden,thetomatowasshutoutofthedoorofEuropeans・Whatmadeitparticularlyterrifyingwasitssimilaritytothemandrake,aplantthatwasthoughttohavecomefromHell（地狱）.Whatearnedtheplantitsawfulreputationwasitsrootswhichlookedlikeadried-uphumanbodyoccupiedbyevilspirits.Thoughthetomatoandthemandrakewerequitedifferentexceptthatbothhadbrightredoryellowfruit,thegeneralpopulationconsideredthemoneandthesame,tooterribletotouch.CautiousEuropeanslongignoredthetomato,anduntiltheearly1700smost_of_theWesicni—people_continued_k）_drag」hcir_fecLInthe1880s,thedaughterofawell-knownplantexpertwrotethatthemostinterestingpartofanafternoonteaalherfathershousehadbeenthe"introductionofthiswonderfulnewfruit—orisitavegetable?”Aslateasthetwentiethcenturysomewritersstillclassedtomatoeswithmandrakesasan“evilfruit".Butintheendtomatoescarriedtheday.TheheroofthetomatowasanAmericannamedRobertJohnson,andwhenhewaspubliclygoingtoeatthetomatoin1820,peoplejourneyedforhundredsofmilestowatchhimdropdead・"Whalareyouafraidof?”heshouted・"I"llshowyoufoolsthatthesethingsaregoodtoeat!”Thenhebitintothetomato.Somepeoplefainted.Buthesurvivedand,accordingtoalocalstory,setupatomato-canningfactory・64.ThetomatowasshutoutofthedoorofearlyEuropeansmainlybecause・A.itmadeChristiansevilB.itwastheappleofEdenC.itcamefromaforbiddenlandD・itwasreligiouslyunacceptable65.WhatcanweinferfromtheunderlinedpartinParagraph3?A.Theprocessofignoringthetomatosloweddown.B・Therewaslittleprogressinthestudyofthetomato.A.Thetomatowasstillrefusedinmostwesterncountries・B.Mostwesternpeoplecontinuedtogetridofthetomato.66.WhatisthemainreasonforRobertJohnsontoeatthetomatopublicly?A.Tomakehimselfahero・B.Toremovepeople"sfearofthetomato.C.Tospeedupthepopularityofthetomato.D・Topersuadepeopletobuyproductsfromhisfactory・71・Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Tochallengepeopledfixedconceptsofthetomato.B.Togiveanexplanationtopeople"sdislikeofthetomato.C.Topresentthechangeofpeople"sattitudestothetomato.D・Toshowtheprocessoffreeingthetomatofromreligiousinfluence・【要点综述】本文介绍了西红柿被欧洲人视为禁果而长期受到敌视的历史渊源，而文章最后叙述的第一位在公众面前食用该禁果的先贤RobertJohnson的壮举则让西红柿红遍全球。 6&D细节理解题。第一段先谈及苹果被基督教徒视为禁果，而和苹果外观极为相似的西红柿一样被欧洲人排斥。69.C推理判断题。该句前半部分中的ignore-词明示西红柿被视为禁果的现实，而该段最后一句则强化了对此论断的佐证。70.B推理判断题。从勇士RobertJohnson对公众的质问句“Whatareyouafraidof?”及"Tilshowyoufoolsthatthesethingsaregoodtoeat!中可见其壮举的目的是为了让人们摒弃对西红柿的恐惧及偏见。71.C写作意图题。短文前半部分介绍了西红柿被视为禁果的原因，而最后一段则记录了RobertJohnson食用所谓禁果的壮举，其写作目的是介绍人们对西红柿态度转变的历史过程。85.Easte"复活节）isstillagreatdayforworship,candyinbasketsandrunningaroundtheyardfindingeggs,buteveryyearitgetsquiteabitworseforbunnies・Andno,notbecausethekidsliketopulltheirears.Theculpritisclimatechange,andsomeresearchersfoundthatrisingtemperaturesarehavingharmfuleffectsonatleastfivespeciesofrabbitintheUS.TaketheLowerKeysMarshrabbit,forinstance.AnendangeredspeciesthatlivesintheLowerFloridaKeys,thisspeciesofcottontailisagreatswimmer—itlivesontheislands!一butitisalreadyseverelyaffectedbydevelopmentandnowbyrisingsealevels.AccordingtotheCenterforBiologicalDiversity,anoceanlevelriseofonly0.6meterswillsendtheseguysjumpingtohighergroundanda0.9-meterrisewouldwipeouttheirhabitat（栖息地）completely.Thesnowshoehare,ontheotherhand,hasacolorissue・Mostoftheserabbitschangetheirfurcolorfromwhiteinthewintertimetobrowninthesummer,eachdesignedtogivethembettercoverfrompredators（捕食者）.Asthenumberofdayswithsnowdecreasesallacrossthecountry,however,moreandmorebunniesarebeingleftinwhitefurduringbrowndirtdaysofbothfallandspring,makingthemaneasiermarkforpredators.Researchersknowthatthecolorchangeiscontrolledbythenumberofhoursofsunlight,butwhethertherabbitwillbeabletoadaptquickenoughtosurviveisabigquestion.TheNationalWildlifeFederationhasreportedthathuntershavenoticedtheirnumbersarealreadymarkedlydown.Americanpikasorrockrabbits,arelativeofrabbitsandhares,mightbethefirstofthesespeciestogoextinctduetoclimatechange.About7-8incheslong,pikaslivehighinthecool,dampmountainswestoftheRockyMountains.Asglobaltemperaturesrise,theywouldnaturallymigrate（迁移）tohigherground一buttheyalreadyoccupythemountaintops.Theycantgoanyhigher.TheNationalWildlifeFederationreportsthattheymightnotbeabletostandthenewtemperaturesastheirhabitatheatsup.Thevolcanorabbithasthesameproblem・TheserabbitsliveontheslopesofvolcanoesinMexico,andrecentstudieshaveshownthatthelowerrangeoftheirhabitathasalreadyshiftedupwardabout700meters,buttherearenotsuitableplantsforthemtomovehigher,sotheyarestuckinthemiddle.Scientistsareconcernedabouttheirpopulations.NativetotheUS,pygmyrabbitsweighlessthan1poundandliveintheAmericanWest.Theyarebelievedtobethesmallestrabbitsintheworld.Theirhabitatshavebeendestroyedbydevelopment.Severalpopulations,suchastheColumbiaBasinpygmy,almostwentextinctandweresavedbyzoobreedingprograms・Pygmyrabbitsalsorelyonwintercoverbydiggingtunnelsthroughthesnowtoescapepredators,butlessersnowfallisleavingthemexposed・AllofthisgivesnewmeaningtodressingupinagiantbunnycostumethisEaster.41•ThewritermentionsEasteratthebeginningofthepassageinorderto・A•showtheimportanceofEasterDayB・introducetheissueaboutbunniesC・remindpeopleofEastertraditionsD・discusstherelationshipbetweenEasterandbunnies42.Theword"culprifXParagraph2）isclosestinmeaningto.A.criminalB.judgeC・victimD.producer43.Accordingtothepassage,somerabbitscannowbeeasilydiscoveredbypredatorsbecause they•A.areexposedtomoreskillfulhuntersB・havemovedtohabitatswithfewerplantsC・haven"tadaptedthemselvestoclimatechangeD・carflchangetheirfurcolorintowhiteinthefallandthespring42.TheproblemfacedbyvolcanorabbitsandrockrabbitsisthatA.bothareaffectedbylesssnowB•bothareaffectedbyrisingsealevelsC-neithercanfindenoughfoodD・neithercanmigratetohigherplaces43.Whichbestdescribesthewriter"stoneinthepassage?A.Approving.B・Concerned・C•Enthusiastic・D•Doubtful.【要点综述】复活节的兔子，本应该是很喜庆的动物，但是现状却是由于气候变化，很多兔子面临着灭绝的危险，那么它们到底有着怎么样的困境呢？让我们读文章去了解一下吧。41.B推理判断题。从文章第一段•••getsquiteabitworseforbunnies和第二段Andno,notbecausethekidslike…等知，第一段提到复活节的目的在于引出下文中关于兔子的话题，故应该选B项。42.A词义猜测题。从文章第二段Andno,notbecausethekidslike…和…isclimatechange-,以及下文多次提到的兔子们遭受到的困境可知，这里culprit表示“罪魁祸首，灾难制造者”的含义，所以词义同A项。43.C推理判断题。从第二段知，受气候的影响，兔子们遇到了困境。比如第三段提到的LowerKeysMarshrabbit（湿地兔）和第四段提到的thesnowshoehare（雪兔）都反映出它们对环境变化的不适应，这才是造成它们受困的原因，所以选C项。44.D细节理解题。从第五段…theywouldnaturallymigrate（迁移）tohigherground—butthey*Theycantgoanyhigher…和第六段…buttherearenotsuitableplantsforthemtomovehigher…知，这两种兔子濒临灭绝的原因在于它们都无法进一步向高地迁徙。所以选D项。45.B观点态度题。从第一段…getsquiteabitworseforbunnies,以及全文字里行间作者对于兔子遭遇的表述可以看出，作者对于有些兔子濒临灭绝的现状表现出了关心和担忧，所以选B项。86.ThePacificislandnationofNauruusedtobeabeautifulplace.Nowitisanecologicaldisasterarea・Nauru*sheartbreakingstorycouldhaveonegoodconsequence—thercountriesmightleamfromitsmistakes.Forthousandsofyears,PolynesianpeoplelivedontheremoteislandofNauru,farfromwesterncivilization.ThefirstEuropeantoarrivewasJohnFearnin1798・HewastheBritishcaptainoftheHunter,awhalingship.HecalledtheislandPleasantIsland.However,becauseitwasveryremote,NauruhadlittlecommunicationwithEuropeansatfirst.Thenwhalingshipsandothertradersbegantovisit,bringinggunsandalcohol.Theseelementsdestroyedthesocialbalanceofthetwelvefamilygroupsontheisland.Aten-yearcivilwarstarted,whichreducedthepopulationfrom1,400to900.Nauru"srealtroublesbeganin1899whenaBritishminingcompanydiscoveredphosphate（磷酸盐）ontheisland.Infact,itfoundthattheislandofNauruwasnearlyallphosphate,whichisaveryimportantfertilizerforfarming.Thecompanybeganminingthephosphate・Aphosphatemineisnotaholeintheground;itisastrip-mine.Whenacompany strip-mines,itremovesthetoplayerofsoil・Thenittakesawaythematerialitwants.Strip・miningtotallydestroystheland・Gradually,thelovelyislandofNaurustartedtolooklikethemoon.In196&Naurubecameoneoftherichestcountriesintheworld・Everyyearthegovernmentreceivedmillionsandmillionsofdollarsforitsphosphate・Unfortunately,theleadersinvestedthemoneyunwiselyandlostmillionsofdollars・Inaddition,theyusedmillionsmoredollarsforpersonalexpenses・Soonpeoplerealizedthattheyhadaterribleproblem—theirphosphatewasrunningout.Ninetypercentoftheirislandwasdestroyedandtheyhadnothing.By2000,Nauruwasalmostfinanciallyruined.Expertssaythatitwouldtakeapproximately$433,600,000andmorethan20yearstorepairtheisland.Thiswillprobablyneverhappen.56.Whatmightbetheauthor"spurposeinwritingthetext?A.ToseekhelpforNaum"sproblems.B・Togiveawarningtoothercountries・A.Toshowtheimportanceofmoney・B.Totellaheartbreakingstoryofawar.57.WhatwasNaurulikebeforetheEuropeanscame?A.Richandpowerful.B.Modemandopen.C.Peacefulandattractive.D.Greedyandaggressive・58.TheecologicaldisasterinNaururesultedfrom.A・soilpollutionA.phosphateoverminingB.farmingactivityC.whalehunting59.WhichofthefollowingwasacauseofNauru*sfinancialproblem?A.Itsleadersmisusedthemoney.B.Itspenttoomuchrepairingtheisland.C.Itsphosphateminingcostmuchmoney・D.Itlostmillionsofdollarsinthecivilwar.60.WhatcanwelearnaboutNaurufromthelastparagraph?A.Theecologicaldamageisdifficulttorepair.B・Theleaderswilltaketheexperts1wordsseriously・C.TheislandwasabandonedbytheNaumans・A.Thephosphateminesweredestroyed・【要点综述】文章主要讲述了太平洋岛国瑙鲁如何从一个环境优美的天堂岛变成一个生态失衡、满目疮痍的小岛。56.B写作意图题。白文章第一段的"Nowitisanecologicaldisasterarea.Nauru"sheartbreakingstorycouldhaveonegoodconsequence—othercountriesmightlearnfromitsmistakes."可以看出，作者的目的是给当前很多只注重发展经济而忽略环境保护的国家一个警告。故选Bo57.C细节理解题。从第一段提到的“太平洋上的国家瑙鲁岛曾经是一个美丽的地方”看出，瑙鲁岛attractive；由第二段第一句以及第三段第一句可知，上千年来，瑙鲁岛的人们生活在偏远的小岛上，过着平静的生活。故选C。5&B细节理解题。由最后一段的"Soonpeoplerealizedthattheyhadaterribleproblem—theirphosphatewasrunningout.Ninetypercentoftheirislandwasdestroyedandtheyhadnothing.”可以看出“磷酸盐逐渐减少，开采殆尽”。由此可以看出，“磷酸盐的过量开采”导致了生态灾难。故选B。59.A细节理解题。白最后一段的"Unfortunately,theleadersinvestedthemoneyunwiselyandlostmillionsofdollars.Inaddition,theyusedmillionsmoredollarsforpersonalexpenses."看出，是领导人不正确使用资金导致了财政问题。故选A。60.A推理判断题。文章最后告诉我们：Expertssaythatitwouldtakeapproximately$433,600,000andmorethan20yearstorepairtheisland,也就是说：瑙鲁岛上的生态损失弥补起来需要大量的资金和时间，即选项所说的“修复起来很难”。故选A。