高中英语阅读理解(人物故事)及其解题技巧及练习题(含答案)含解析.docx 17页

高中英语阅读理解(人物故事)及其解题技巧及练习题(含答案)含解析一、高中英语阅读理解人物故事类1．阅读理解HalfaDayIwalkedalongsidemyfather,holdinghisrighthand.Allmyclotheswerenew:theblackshoes,thegreenschooluniform,andtheredcap.Theydidnotmakemehappy,however,asthiswasthedayIwastobethrownintoschoolforthefirsttime."Whyschool?"Iaskedmyfather."WhathaveIdone?""I"mnotpunishingyou,"hesaid,laughing."School"snotapunishment.It"saplacethatmakesusefulmenoutofboys.Don"tyouwanttobeusefullikeyourbrothers?"Iwasnotconvinced.Ididnotbelievetherewasreallyanygoodtobehadintearingmeawayfrommyhomeandthrowingmeintothehuge,high-walledbuilding.Whenwearrivedatthegatewecouldseethecourtyard,vastandfullofboysandgirls."Goinbyyou,"saidmyfather,"andjointhem.Putasmileonyourfaceandbeagoodexampletoothers."Ihesitatedandsqueezedhishandfirmly,buthegentlypushedmefromhim."Beaman",hesaid."Todayyoutrulybeginlife.Youwillfindmewaitingforyouwhenit"stimetoleave."Itookafewsteps.Thenthefacesoftheboysandgirlscameintoview.Ididnotknowasingleoneofthem,andnoneofthemknewme.IfeltIwasastrangerwhohadlosthisway.Butthensomeboysbegantoglanceatmeincuriosity,andoneofthemcameoverandasked,"Whobroughtyou?""Myfather,"Iwhispered."Myfather"sdead,"hesaidsimply.Ididnotknowwhattosay.Thegatewasnowclosed.Someofthechildrenburstintotears.Thebellrang.Aladycamealongandsaid,"Thisisyournewhome.Therearemothersandfathershere,too.Everythingthatisenjoyableandbeneficialishere.Sodryyourtearsandfacelifejoyfully."Well,itseemedthatmymisgivingshadhadnobasis.FromthefirstmomentsImademanyfriends.Ihadneverimaginedschoolwouldhavethisrichvarietyofexperiences.（1）Onthewaytoschool,theboyfelt.A.happyB.embarrassedC.upsetD.excited（2）Aboutschooling,Fathersuggested.A.wearingasmileB.tearinghimselfawayfromgamesC.waitingforparentsD.throwinghimselftostudying（3）helpedhimmostonthefirstdayatschool.A.TeachersandclassmatesB.CourtyardsandbuildingsC.FatherandbrotherD.Newuniformsandshoes（4）Whatwouldprobablyhappennext?A.Theschoollifewouldturnouttobeafailure.B.Boysintheschoolwouldwatchhimcuriously.C.Hewouldopenupanewjourneyofcolorfullife. D.Hisparentswouldaccompanyhimattheschool.【答案】（1）C（2）A（3）A（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇叙文，作者第一天去学校的候并不开心，但是等他到了学校之后，他交了很多朋友，开始了新的生活。（1）考推理判断。根据第一段中的“Theydidnotmakemehappy,however,asthiswasthedayIwastobethrownintoschoolforthefirsttime.可知穿新”衣服并没有作者开心，因他要第一次被扔学校了；再根据第四段中的“Ididnotbelievetherewasreallyanygoodtobehadintearingmeawayfrommyhomeandthrowingmeintothehuge,high-walledbuilding.可”知作者不相信将他从家中撕裂并被扔座巨大的高建筑（也就是学校）中真的有什么好。合可知作者去学校不好，去学校的路上是不开心的，沮的，故C。（2）考理解。根据第五段中的"Goinbyyou,"saidmyfather,"andjointhem.Putasmileonyourfaceandbeagoodexampletoothers."可知作者的父他："去吧，加入他的行列。面微笑，成他人的好榜。"也就是作者的父他面微笑，故A。（3）考推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“Aladycamealongandsaid,"Thisisyournewhome.⋯andfacelifejoyfully.；以及最后一”段中的"Well,itseemedthatmymisgivingshadhadnobasis.FromthefirstmomentsImademanyfriends.可知老来“作者他了一番，作者听了番之后得之前自己的是毫无根据的，打消了。他一开始就交到了很多朋友。明老帮助作者在学校的第一天得很好，他的同学也和他成了朋友。故A。（4）考推理判断。根据最后一段中的”FromthefirstmomentsImademanyfriends.Ihadneverimaginedschoolwouldhavethisrichvarietyofexperiences.可知从一开始我就交“了很多朋友。我从未想象学校会有如此丰富的。由此推断之后作者会在学校开始新的生活，会有丰富的，故C。【点】本考点涉及理解和推理判断两个型的考，是一篇故事，考生需要准确掌握信息，并根据上下文行推理，从而出正确答案。2．理解I"mnotmuchofagardener.Ilovehavingbeautifulflowers-butIdon"thaveagoodtrackrecordwhenitcomestomakingthemgrow.AfewmonthsafteroursonleftfortheMiddleEast,myfriendgiftedmeaboxoftulipbulbs(金香球茎).Sheexplainedthatthesebulbswereputintothegroundinthefallandlaysleepingallwinter.Theyhadallthenutrientstheyneededinsidethebulbandwouldcomeoutinthespring.""Whenyouseetheleavesofthetinyflowerspushingtowardthesun,you"llknowthatit"salmosttimeforyoursontocomehome.They"llgiveyouwhatyouneedmost.""Shewalkedmethroughtheprocessofplantingthem.Ithankedher—tryingtoshowmygratitudeforhergift.Itwasalongwinter—coldanddark.IenduredboththeweatherandthelonelinessandfearIfeltwithmysonaway.Deadleaves,frostandfinallyaheavysnowcoveredtheareawhereI"d郁 plantedthoseflowers,andIsoonforgottheywerethere.Finallytheweatherbegantowarm.Oneday,asIwalkeddownmyfrontsteps,Inoticedanareaofgreen.Ibentdowntoinspectthesituationmoreclearlyandsawthatthosetulipshadbeguntogrow,theirtinyleavesforcingtheirwaytothesun.DayafterdayInotedtheflowers"progress.Anddayafterday,thetimeapproachedwhenmysonwouldfinallybehome.Nowwithspringjustaroundthecorner,nothingcouldkeepeitherofusfrommarchingtowardthelight.Almostallofthosebulbsbloomed.Andwitheachbrightlycoloredflower,Imarkedoffonedayclosertogettingtoholdmysoninmyarmsagain.（1）Whatcanweknowabouttheauthor?A.Sheisaprofessionalgardener.B.Sheisnotgoodatgrowingflowers.C.Sheneverplantsflowersathome.D.Sheoftensendsfriendsflowersasgifts.（2）Whydidthewriterforgetthetulipbulbssoon?（3）Whatwerethoseflowersmentionedinthelastparagraphreferredto?A.Aphysicalrepresentationofthehope.B.Thingsdeepinsideherheartandsoul.C.Alessonshewillneverforgetcompletely.D.Thetroubleshehadinmakingthemcomeout.（4）Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Adarkwinterwithhope.B.Plantinghopeinwinter.C.Anareaofgreeninspring.D.Livingachangeablelife.【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）A（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇叙文，作者的儿子去了中，作者感到孤独和寂寞。一位朋友送来了一盒郁金香球茎，种花的种植，作者来了希望。（1）考理解。根据第一段中的“I"mnotmuchofagardener.Iloveflowers-butIdon"thaveagoodtrackrecordwhenitcomestomakingthemgrow.havingbeautiful我不是个好园”丁，我喜漂亮的花，但我在种植方面没有良好的，可知，作者然喜花，但不擅种花。故B。（2）考推理判断。根据第三段中的“Itwasalongwinter—coldanddark⋯Deadleaves,frostandfinallyaheavysnowcoveredtheareawhereI"dplantedthoseflowers,andIsoonforgottheywerethere.那”是一个漫的冬天——又冷又黑⋯⋯枯叶、霜和最后那雪覆盖了我种那 些花的地方，我很快救忘记了它们的存在，可知，冬天很冷、很长，故推测作者忘记它们是因为觉得它们熬不过这个冬天，即没对它们抱有希望。故选D。（3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“DayafterdayInotedtheflowers"progress.Anddayafterday,thetimeapproachedwhenmysonwouldfinallybehome.我日复一日的关注”这花的成长。一天又一天我的儿子终于要回家了；以及“Andwitheachbrightlycoloredflower,Imarkedoffonedayclosertogettingtoholdmysoninmyarmsagain.每开一朵色彩鲜艳”的花，都标志着我离再次把儿子抱在怀里的日子又近了一天，可知，每开一朵花就代表作者儿子的归来近了一天，即花就是儿子回来的希望。故选A。（4）考查主旨大意。根据第二段中的“Sheexplainedthatthesebulbswereputintothegroundinthefallandlaysleepingallwinter.Theyhadallthenutrientstheyneededinsidethebulbandwouldcomeoutinthespring.""Whenyouseetheleavesofthetinyflowerspushingtowardthesun,you"llknowthatit"salmosttimeforyoursontocomehome.她说这些郁金香”球茎秋天种下，整个冬天都在土里。它们的球茎内有生长所需的营养物质，到了春天的就会从土里出来。当你看到这些小花的叶子朝着太阳的方向生长时，你就知道你的儿子差不多该回家了，可知，本文主要讲述了冬天种下的郁金香球茎在春天会长出来，这也意味着作者的儿子快要回来，即花代表着作者儿子回来的希望。B故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。3．阅读理解Manypeoplecriticizetoday"snewspapersassensationalist,satisfyingthepublic"sabnormalcuriosity.Butjournalismacenturyagowasjustasnotorious(臭名昭著).Publishersatthattimeroutinelycompetedwitheachotherforwildstoriesthatcoulddrawinthemostreaders.Meanwhile,itwasanidealatmosphereforacourageousreporterlikeNellieBlytospringintofame.Bly,whosenamewasElizabethCorcoran,hadtoworktomakeherwayintheworld.Differentfrommanywomenofthetime,however,sherefusedtolettheworkingworldscareheraway.Herfirstbigopportunityasareportercamein1885aftershewroteanangryletterdenouncingthePittsburghDispatchforanarticleithadruncriticizingwomenforcedtoworkoutsidethehome.TheinterestedandexcitededitorhiredBlyforher"spirit,"andsoonshewasinvestigatingthesituationsoffemalefactoryworkers.Blycaredlessabouttheirjobsthantheirlivesafterwork-theiramusements,theirmotivations,theirfearsandambitions.Sheproducedanarticletotallydifferentfromwhatotherreportersofthetimewerewriting:personal,thoughtful,meaningful.By1887BlyhadajobwiththeNewYorkWorld,oneoftheleaderpapersoftheday.Shequicklybecamefamousforundercoverstoriesaboutwomeninamentalhospital.Soonshehadinvestigatedlifeasamaid,achorusgirl,andevenastreetgirl.Inherbest-knownbravedeeds,in1890,Blybeatthefamous"aroundtheworldin80days"tripJulesVernehaddescribedinhisnovel.Travelingbysteamship,train,evenricksha,Blyreportedfromeachstop.Aspellbound nationhungoneveryword.Only25,Blyhadbecomeinternationallyfamous.（1）Bly"sfirstnewspaperjobwas.A.withtheNewYorkWorldB.withthePittsburghDispatchC.tointerviewmentalpatientsD.toexperiencelifeofchorusgirls（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"denouncing"inPara.2probablymean?A.Praising.B.Questioning.C.Informing.D.Condemning.（3）HowdidNellieBlygainworld-widefame?A.BycriticizingJulesVerne.B.Bycompetingwithotherreporters.C.Bywritingstoriesthroughinvestigation.D.Bycaringaboutwomenfromdifferentclasses.（4）WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesNellieBly?A.Daringandpractical.B.Acuteandconfident.C.Criticalanddependent.D.Calmandenthusiastic.【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）C（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，Bly是一名美国女记者,在那个记者都热衷于相互竞争而报道不实新闻特殊年代,她选择为女性说话。为了能调查清楚事实,她扮成乞丐,女仆,神经病患者。她不顾自己的工作甚至安危的态度,让她成了美国历史上著名的女记者。（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"Herfirstbigopportunityasareportercamein1885aftershewroteanangryletterdenouncingthePittsburghDispatchforanarticleithadruncriticizingwomenforcedtoworkoutsidethehome.TheinterestedandexcitededitorhiredBlyforher"spirit,"可知,Bly写信谴责Pittsburghdispatch的文章,却因为她的勇气被主编雇佣了。故选B。（2）考查词义猜测。根据该句中的"angryletter"可知她信的内容是批评Pittsburghdispatch的文章。A.Praising表扬；B.Questioning.质问；C.Informing.告知；D.Condemning.谴责选项中和批评相近的选项是condemn（谴责）。故选D。（3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的"Shequicklybecamefamousforundercoverstoriesaboutwomeninamentalhospital."她很快因为揭露精神病院女性的故事而名声大振）可知,Bly是因为报道女性故事而出名的。故选C。（4）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"acourageousreporterlikeNellieBly"再通过下文讲述她卧底去调查女性事件,说明她是实事求是的人。故选A。可知她是勇敢的,【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。4．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ThenewpresidentofHarvardUniversityisthesonofanEasternEuropeanrefugeeandAuschwitz(奥斯威辛)survivor—LawrenceS.Bacow.HisfatherworkedfulltimewhileattendingastatecollegeinDetroitatnighttoearnhisdegree. Bacow,theformerpresidentofTuftsUniversity,hastakenoverHarvardatatimewhenhighereducationisunderattackforbeingfinanciallyoutofreachtomanyAmericans.ButBacowsaidhisfamily"sjourneyhadreflectedthepowerofcollegeeducationtotransformgenerationsandtheopportunitiesthathavehistoricallybeenavailableintheUnitedStates."Myparentscametothiscountrywithalmostnothing,"Bacowsaid."Iwouldn"tbehereifthiscountryhadnotbeenopentopeoplelikemyparentsatthattime.NorwouldIifmyfatherhadn"thadtheopportunitytogetthecollegeeducation."BacowgrewupinPontiac,Michigan.Hisfather"sfamilyfledanti-Jewish(反犹太的)violenceinMinsk,thenpartoftheSovietUnion,beforethestartofWorldWarIIandwenttotheUnitedStates.HismotherarrivedinBrooklynatage19,havingsurvivedAuschwitzconcentrationcamp.ShewastheonlyJewfromhertowntohavesurvivedthewar.YetBacow,whoismarriedwithtwosons,saidthatwhilegrowingupinMichigan,hehadahappychildhood,enteringsciencefairsasachildandbuildingradioslikehisdad.BacowhasspentmostofhisprofessionalcareeratMIT,HarvardandTufts.HewasaprofessorofenvironmentalstudiesatMIT,andlateraprincipalattheuniversity.HeledTuftsfrom2001to2011.AtTufts,BacowearnedareputationforshakingupasleepyuniversitythatwasbeingovershadowedbyitspeersinBoston.Heisalsocreditedwithleadingitthroughboth9/11andthe2008financialcrisis.AstheTuftspresident,Bacowtraveledaroundthecountry,reachingouttoalumni(校友),andheurgedhisfacultyanddeanstodothesame,inanefforttoboostdonationstofinanceTufts"academicambitions.Heraisedmorethan$20millionforfacultyrecruitment,attractingup-and-comingprofessorsbyofferingjuniorfacultyperks(福利),suchaslongacademicleavesthattheycouldn"tgetelsewhere.UnderBacow"sleadership,Tuftsspentmillionsonlabsandlibraries.Healsomadeaddressesnationallyabouttheneedtomakehighereducationmoreaccessibleandaffordabletolow-incomestudents.（1）ThereasonwhyBacowappreciatescollegeeducationisthat________.（2）Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?（3）Theunderlinedword"shakingup"inparagraph5probablymeans________.A.reactivatingB.causingC.damagingD.takingover（4）Whatisthispassagemainlyabout?A.HowtobeadmittedtoHarvardUniversity.B.ThehistoryofBacow"sfamily.C.TheartofBacow"sleadershipinTufts.D.Bacow"swaytoindividualsuccess. 【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）A（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇名人，述了Bacow的个人成功之路。（1）考推理判断。根据第二段中的“hisfamily"sjourneyhadreflectedthepowerofcollegeeducationtotransformgenerationsandtheopportunitiesthathavehistoricallybeenavailableintheUnitedStates.他”的家庭反映了大学教育改几代人的力量，以及美国史上一直存在的机遇。可知B。（2）考推理判断。根据第四段中的“YetBacow,whoismarriedwithtwosons,saidthatwhilegrowingupinMichigan,hehadahappychildhood,enteringsciencefairsasachildandbuildingradioslikehisdad.欣”Bacow大学教育的原因是他的家庭因大学教育改了他的命运”。可知，Bacow的父擅子品。故C。（3）考猜。根据第五段中的“Heisalsocreditedwithleadingitthroughboth9/11andthe2008financialcrisis.他”因美国度911和2008年金融危机而受到誉。可知，BacowearnedareputationforshakingupasleepyuniversitythatwasbeingovershadowedbyitspeersinBoston.“因改Bacow了一所沉睡的在波士的其他大学面前黯然失色的大学而得了声誉。”推知划的意思是“使⋯⋯恢复”。故A。（4）考主旨大意。根据最后一段中的“UnderBacow"sleadership,Tuftsspentmillionsonlabsandlibraries.Healsomadeaddressesnationallyabouttheneedtomakehighereducationmoreaccessibleandaffordabletolow-incomestudents.在Bacow”的下，Tufts花了数百万美元在室和上。他在全国范内表演，述低收入学生更容易接受和担得起高等教育的必要性。”本文述的是Bacow的个人成功之路。故D。【点】本考点涉及推理判断，猜和主旨大意三个型的考，是一篇人物，要求考生根据上下文的关系，行分析，推理，概括和，从而出正确答案。5．Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhaveread.In1888anEgyptianfarmerdigginginthesandnearthevillageofIstablAntaruncoveredamassgrave.Thebodiesweren"thuman.Theywerefeline—ancientcatsthathadbeenmummified(木乃伊化的)andburiedinholesinastonishingnumbers."Notoneortwohereandthere",reportedEnglishIllustratedMagazine,"butdozens,hundreds,hundredsofthousands,alayerofthem,alayerthickerthanmostcoaljoints,tentotwentycatsdeep."Someofthelinen-wrappedcatsstilllookedpresentable,andafewevenhadgoldenfaces.Villagechildrenpeddledthebestonestotouristsforchange;therestweresoldasfertilizer.Oneshiptransportedabout180,000,weighingsome38,000pounds,toLiverpooltobespreadonthefieldsofEngland.Thosewerethedaysofgenerouslyfundedexplorations—thatdraggedthroughacresofdesertintheirquestforroyaltombs,andforsplendidgoldandpaintedmaskstodecoratetheestatesandmuseumsofEuropeandAmerica.ThemanythousandsofmummifiedanimalsthatturnedupatreligioussitesthroughoutEgyptwerejustthingstobeclearedawaytogetatthegoodstuff. Fewpeoplestudiedthem,andtheirimportancewasgenerallyunrecognized.Inthecenturysincethen,archaeologyhasbecomelessofatreasurehuntandmoreofascience.Archaeologistsnowrealizethatmuchoftheirsites"wealthliesinthemajorityofdetailsaboutordinaryfolks—whattheydid,whattheythought,howtheyprayed.Andanimalmummiesareabigpartofthat."They"rereallydisplaysofdailylife,"saysEgyptologistSalimaIkram.Afterpeeringbeneathbandageswithx-raysandcataloguingherfindings,shecreatedagalleryforthecollection—abridgebetweenpeopletodayandthoseoflongago."Youlookatthesemummifiedanimals,andsuddenlyyousay,Oh,KingSo-and-Sohadapet.Ihaveapet.Andinsteadofbeingatadistanceof5,000-plusyears,theancientEgyptiansbecomeclearerandclosertous."（1）Whichofthefollowingwordshastheclosestmeaningto"peddled"(paragraph1)?A.modernizedB.displayedC.illustratedD.demonstrated（2）Whywasarchaeologyoncereferredtoasa"treasurehunt"(paragraph3)?A.Intheroyaltombs,thereweremanytreasuresmadeofsilverandgold.B.Animalmummiescouldbemadeintofertilizerwhichisveryvaluable.C.Itwashardtofindanimalmummiessincetheywereburiedunderdirt.D.PeoplesoughttheremainsofancientEgyptmerelyfortheirmaterialvalue.（3）WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutSalimaIkram?A.Shewishestoestablishthecontinuityofpetsoverhistory.B.Shebelievesthatstudyingtheremainscanhelpmodernsocietyrelatetothepast.C.ShewantstoidentifytheKing"spersonalbelongingsandclassifythem.D.ShedoubtsifcurrentsocietywillunderstandthesignificanceofEgyptianremains.（4）Thisarticleprobablyencouragesthereadersto_____________.A.valuethepastbystudyingtheremainsleftbehindbyourancestorsB.makefulluseoftheremainsourancestorshaveleftbehindC.understandthatanimalmummiesaremoreimportantthangoldandmasksD.becomemoresensitivetotheancientlifestyleofourancestors【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）B（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，自从1888年在埃及发现了猫动物的木乃伊之后，大量的皇家墓穴被挖掘，成千上万的木乃伊被运往世界各地，以攫取物质利益。后来考古学家不再只是寻宝，而是把它作为一门科学研究。因为木乃伊展示了古埃及人的日常生活。正如古物学家萨利玛·伊克拉姆所说，木乃伊的研究是现代社会和过去的联系的桥梁。（1）考查词义猜测。根据第一段中"Villagechildrenpeddledthebestonestotouristsforchange;therestweresoldasfertilizer."可知，peddled后的"totouristsforchange"即"把最好的给游客来换取零钱"，可知，此处的peddled是"兜售"给游客以换取零钱，可知peddle就是向他人炫耀从而售出，故选B。（2）考查推理判断。第二段叙述了"最初考古是为了寻找皇家陵墓，寻找华丽的黄金和彩绘面具来装饰欧洲和美洲的地产和博物馆。成千上万的来自古埃及的动物木乃伊出现在埃 及各地的宗教场所，但很少有人研究它们"。可知，考古就是寻宝，为了物质上的价值。以及第三段中的“Inthecenturysincethen,archaeologyhasbecomelessofatreasurehuntandmoreofascience.”从那以后的一个世纪里，考古学已不再是寻宝，而是一门科学，可知，他们寻找古埃及的遗迹仅仅是为了他们的物质价值。分析选项可知D项符合题意，故选D。（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“shecreatedagalleryforthecollection—abridgebetweenpeopletodayandthoseoflongago.可知，Salima”Ikram把她的发现进行分类之后，她为这些收藏品创建了一个画廊——一座连接今天的人和很久以前的人的桥梁。以及她的话"Youlookatthesemummifiedanimals,andsuddenlyyousay,Oh,KingSo-and-Sohadapet.Ihaveapet.Andinsteadofbeingatadistanceof5,000-plusyears,theancientEgyptiansbecomeclearerandclosertous.""你看着这些动物木乃伊，突然你说，哦，国王某某养了一只宠物。我有一只宠物。古埃及人与我们之间的距离不再是5000多年前的事了，而是变得更加清晰，离我们更近了。"由此可推断出她认为研究这些遗迹有助于把现代社会与过去联系起来。故选B。（4）考查推理判断。本文主要叙述了古代埃及的木乃伊展示了古代埃及人的日常生活，是了解它们的途径，有助于在现代社会与过去的之间建立一座桥梁。通过研究它们可以让我们正确的评估过去。分析选项可知A符合题意，故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及词义猜测和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。6．阅读理解Whenmyfathermarriedmymotherin1943hegavemymothera1937crowncoinandtoldhertokeepitinthebackofherpurseandnotspendit.Thiswouldmeanthatshealwaysfeltthatshewasprotectedandwouldalwayshavemoneyifshereallyneededit.WhenIwasmarriedin1970myhusbandwhohadheardthisstoryobtaineda1937crownformeandIhavealwayskeptitinmywalletandIhavealwayshadenoughformyneeds.Afriendrecentlyfellonhardtimespartlythroughexternal(外部的)circumstancesandpartlythroughpoorplanning.FriendsandIhaveloanedhermoney,paidherbills,evengivenherfoodandtriedtoteachherbudgettechniques,butnoneofthemhasbeenasolution.Shehasjustslippeddeeperanddeeperintofinancialtroubleanddepression.Lastweekshelookedpaleandunwell,verydepressedandhopeless.Ithenthoughtabouthowthecrown,areminderofanother"scareandlove,hadprotectedmesoIwenttothebankfora$100dollarbill.Itoldmyfriendthestoryandaskedhertokeepthe$100inthebackofherwallet.Itturnedoutthatshedidn"thaveawalletsosheputthemoneyinalittlepencilcasewhereshekepthercoins.Sheimmediatelyfeltbetter."Ifeelrichandthankyouforbeingagoodfriend"shesaidandwewerebothabitteary.Thereasonforpassingthisonisnottopraiseanygenerosityonmypartbuttoshowthepowerof"randomactsofkindness".IwenthomeandrememberedalittlewalletIhadthatI"dneverusedandthought"I"llgivethattomyfriend."Iopeneditandinsidefound$100.Theuniverseisveryjustandifyourheartisopentherewardalwayscomes. （1）Whatdidthe1937crowncoinfromtheauthor"sfathermeantohermother?A.Hisconcernforher.B.Hispityandprotectionforher.C.Hiscareandloveforher.D.Hisprideandrespectforher.（2）Wheredidtheauthor"sfriendkeepthe$100dollar-bill?A.Inthebackofherwallet.B.Inalittlepencilcase.C.Inthepocketofherraincoat.D.Inthelayerofhersuitcase.（3）WhatcanheinferredfromthelastParagraph?（4）Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.AhardlifeB.ThehelptoafriendC.AcrowncoinD.Agiftfrommyfather【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）B（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者的一位朋友陷入了经济危机，帮她的方法都不起效。作者想起了自己一直放在钱包里的皇冠硬币，它如同护身符一样让作者衣食无忧。于是，就给了这位朋友一张百元的钞票，也让她放进钱包里，希望带给她好运和信心。没想到，作者的善意带来了回报。（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Thiswouldmeanthatshealwaysfeltthatshewasprotectedandwouldalwayshavemoneyifshereallyneededit.可知作者父亲给她”母亲的一枚硬币代表了父亲对母亲的爱和关心，故选C。（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“sosheputthemoneyinalittlepencilcasewhereshekepthercoins可知”作者的朋友把作者的一百美元放进了一个铅笔盒里，故选B。（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“wentIhomeandrememberedalittlewalletIhadthatI"dneverusedandthought"I"llgivethattomyfriend."可知作者要送给朋友一个钱包作为礼物，故选B。（4）考查主旨大意。根据文章内容为一枚象征着"关爱"的硬币为中心，故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。7．阅读理解WhenKatieStaglianowas9yearsold,shewasgivenaclassprojecttogrowherfirstcabbagefromjustoneseed.Shetookithomeandplanteditinherhomegarden.Itdidn"teventakeherlongtocomeupandbegintogrow.Butasfriendscameover,theypointedoutthatitwasbiggerthananyoftheirs.Anditgrewsomuchthatthecabbageendedupweighing40pounds!Katiethendecidedthatshecouldusethiscabbagetodosomethingniceforthecommunity.Soshe tookthehugecabbagetoalocalsoupkitchen,wheretheyusedit,andcookeditwithhamandrice.Andbecauseofhercabbage,275peoplewerefed.Shebegantorealizethatgardeningandhelpingpeopleiswhatshelikestodomost.So,shedecidedtostartherfirstgardenonaplotoflanddonatedbyherschool."Ithinkifmorekidsgettoexperiencegardeningtheywouldfindouthowcoolitisandhowmanypeoplecanbefedifyoudonateyourproduce,"saidKatie.Now,just9yearslater,Katieis18yearsold,andhassetupherownbusinesscalled"Katie"sKrops"withthehelpofherfamilyfriends.Butthisdoesn"tevencomeclosetotheotheramazingpart.Shehasraisedover200,000dollars!Andthereareover100Katie"sKropswithin33statesintheUnitedStates.Shelovesgardeningandlovesinspiringotherchildrentoexperiencethejoyofgardeningaswell.Asoftoday,herfirstgardenisstilldoingamazingandisevenresponsibleforsupplyingover3,000poundsofproducedonatedtolocalcharities.Hergoalnow?Toget500gardensacrossall50states.（1）HowdidKatiedealwithherfirstcabbage?A.sharingitwithhercommunity.B.Presentingittotheschoolkitchen.C.Eatingitwithherfamily.D.Givingittoherfriends.（2）WhatinspiredKatietohelpothersbygardening?A.Thesupportfromherschool.B.Thegardeningandsharingexperience.C.Theencouragementofcommunity.D.Theadmirationofherfriends.（3）WhydoesKatiesuggestmorechildrenlearntogarden?A.Shethinksgardeningiscool.B.Sheneedsmorepeopletohelpher.C.Shehopestoearnmoremoney.D.Shewantsthemtoexperiencethejoy.（4）Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.ThebriefintroductionofKatie"sKrops.B.Theamazingbenefitsofgardening.C.Katie"sachievementandfutureaim.D.Thejoyofgardeninganddonation.【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）D（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，Katie小时候体验到了种植和利用种出来的作物帮助别人的乐趣，因此开启了她的慈善事业。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Katiethendecidedthatshecouldusethiscabbagetodosomethingniceforthecommunity.Soshetookthehugecabbagetoalocalsoupkitchen,wheretheyusedit,andcookeditwithhamandrice.Andbecauseofhercabbage,275peoplewerefed.”可知，Katie用这个大白菜为社区做了一些事情，把大白菜送去一个当地的流动厨房，在那里供275个人食用，故可知，她把大白菜与人分享，故选A。（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Shebegantorealizethatgardeningandhelpingpeopleiswhatshelikestodomost.可”知，园艺和帮助别人是自己最喜欢做的事情，因而开启了她的慈善生涯，故选B。（3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Shelovesgardeningandlovesinspiringotherchildrentoexperiencethejoyofgardeningaswell.可知，她喜欢园艺”，喜欢激发其他孩子会 体验园艺带来的乐趣，故选D。（4）考查段落大意。根据最后一段中的“Shehasraisedover200,000dollars!Andthereareover100Katie"sKropswithin33statesintheUnitedStates.可知，筹集”了超过20万美元，在美国33个州有超过100个Katie"sKrops。再根据本段中的“Hergoalnow?Toget500gardensacrossall50states.可知，本”段讲述了的慈善事业的成就以及未来的目标，故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和段落大意两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行推理，概括，从而选出正确答案。8．阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。In2011,NancyBallardwentforaroutinecheckupthatturnedintosomethingextraordinary.Infact,shewascarryingapaintingofaplantshe"ddonewhenshearrivedatherdoctor"sSanFranciscooffice."Itwouldbegreatifwehadartworklikethatforourchemotherapy(化疗)rooms,"thenursesaid.Ballardaskedtoseeone.Shewasshockedbywhatshefound.Thewallsweredullandbare,andthepaintwaschipping(剥落).Itwasadepressingroomforadepressingroutine—patientsrestrictedtochemodripsforperhapsseveralhours,oftenwithnothingtolookatotherthanthosesadwalls.Ballarddidn"thavecancerherself,butshecouldsympathizewiththepatients."Icouldn"timaginehowanyonecouldeventhinkaboutgettinghealthyinaroomlikethat,"shesays.Asithappens,Ballard"sphysician,StephenHufford,wasillwithcancerhimself,sofindingtimetodecoratetheroomswaslowonhisto-dolist.SoBallardmadeithermissiontobrightenuptheplace.Shestartedbye-mailing20localdesigners."Iwrote,"Youdon"tknowme.Butmyhearthurtsafterseeingtheserooms,"sheremembers.ShethenaskedwhethertheywoulddonatetheirtimeandmoneytotransformjustoneofDr.Hufford"sroomseach.Asithappened,sixofthemwrotebackalmostimmediately.Sixroomsgotnewpaint,lightfixtures,artwork,andfurniture.Dr.Huffordwasdelighted."Allthepatientsfeelrelievedofthepainbecauseofit,"hesaid.Heevennotedthathisowntoneofvoicewasdifferentintheroomsandthathewasbetterabletoconnectwithhispatients.Ballardwassoencouragedbythepatients"reactionsthatshecreatedanonprofit,RoomsThatRock4Chemo,toraisemoneyanddecoratemorespaces.Sincethen,shehasworkedon20projects,includingoneinPennsylvania."WewereinPhiladelphiaforaribboncutting,andawomanwasthereonherthirdbattlewithcancer,"saysBallard."Whenshesawwhatwe"ddone,shesaid,"I"mgonnabeatitthistime.IthoughtIwasn"tgoingto,butnowIknowI"mgonnabeatit".（1）WhatmadeBallarddecidetohelpdecoratethechemotherapyrooms?（2）WhatoutcomedoesBallard"seffortbringabout?A.Morehospitalswillbebuilt,B.Huffordcuredmorepatients. C.Thecancerpatientswerefeelingbetter.D.Hufford"schemotherapyroomsgotgoodfame.（3）WhichwordsbestdescribeNancyBallard?（4）Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?A.DesignforHopeB.BattleagainstCancerC.DonationforPatientsD.DecorationinHospital【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）A（4）A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文，NancyBallard出于对癌症病人的同情，决定帮忙装饰化疗室。Ballard的努力，使得癌症患者重新对生活充满了希望。（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Ballarddidn"thavecancerherself,butshecouldsympathizewiththepatients.d”本人Ballar并没有患癌症，但她同情病人。由此可知，Ballard对癌症病人的同情，使她决定帮忙装饰化疗室，故选A。（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"‘Allthepatientsfeelrelievedofthepainbecauseofit,hesaid.他”说：“所有的病人都因此感到疼痛减轻了。”由此可知，Ballard的努力使得癌症患者感觉好多了，故选C。（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Ballardwassoencouragedbythepatients"reactionsthatshecreatedanonprofit,RoomsThatRock4Chemo,toraisemoneyanddecoratemorespaces.病”人的反应让巴拉德深受鼓舞，她创建了一个非营利组织"RoomsthatRockChemo"来筹集资金，并装饰更多的空间。由此推断出，NancyBallard是一个有爱心，有奉献精神的人，故选A。（4）考查主旨大意。本文介绍了NancyBallard出于对癌症病人的同情，决定帮忙装饰化疗室。Ballard的努力，使得癌症患者重新对生活充满了希望。所以这篇文章最好的题目是“为希望而设计”，故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。9．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Itwasrainy,andIhadnodesiretodriveupthewindingmountainroadtomydaughterCarolyn"shouse.ButshehadinsistedthatIcometoseesomethingatthetopofthemountain.SohereIwas,reluctantlymakingthetwo-hourjourneythroughfogthathunglikeveils.Bythe timeIsawhowthickitwasnearthesummit,I"dgonetoofartoturnback.Nothingcouldbeworththis,IthoughtasIinchedalongthedangeroushighway."I"llstayforlunch,butI"mheadingbackdownassoonasthefoglifts,"IannouncedwhenIarrived."ButIneedyoutodrivemetothegaragetopickupmycar,"Carolynsaid,"Couldweatleastdothat?""Howfarisit?"Iasked."Aboutthreeminutes,"shesaid,"I"lldrive—I"musedtoit."Aftertenminutesonthemountainroad,Ilookedatheranxiously."Ithoughtyousaidthreeminutes."Shegrinned."Thisisadetour."Turningdownanarrowtrack,weparkedthecarandgotout.Wewalkedalongapaththatwasthickwitholdpineneedles.Hugeblack-greenevergreenstoweredoverus.Gradually,thepeaceandsilenceoftheplacebegantofillmymind.Thenweturnedacomerandstopped—andIgaspedinamazement.Fromthetopofthemountain,slopingforseveralacresacrossthemountainsideandvalleys,wereriversofflowersinnumerouscolors.Itlookedasthoughthesunhadtippedoverandspilledgolddownthemountainside.Aseriesofquestionsfilledmymind.Whocreatedsuchbeauty?Why?How?Asweapproachedthehomethatstoodinthecenteroftheproperty,wesawasignthatread:"AnswerstotheQuestionsIKnowYouAreAsking."Thefirstanswerwas:"OneWoman—TwoHands,TwoFeet,andVeryLittleBrain."Thesecondwas:"OneataTime."Thethird:"Startedin1958."Aswedrovehome,Iwassomovedbywhatwehadseen.Icouldscarcelyspeak."Shechangedtheworld."Ifinallysaid,"onebulb(球茎)atatime.Shestartedalmost40yearsago,probablyjustthebeginningofanidea,butshekeptatit."Thewonderofitwouldnotletmego."Imagine,"Isaid,"ifI"dhadavisionandworkedatit,justalittlebiteveryday,whatmightIhaveaccomplished?"Carolynlookedatmesideways,smiling."Starttomorrow,"shesaid."Betteryet,starttoday."（1）Whatwastheweatherlikewhentheauthordrovetovisitherdaughter?A.Itwassnowing.B.Itwasfoggy.C.Itwasfreezing.D.Itwassunny.（2）Whatcanbeinferredaboutthedaughter?A.Shetoldawhitelietohermother.B.Shewasanexperienceddriver.C.Shedidn"tknowthewayverywell.D.Shekneweverythingaboutthewoman.（3）Themotherbegantoenjoyherselfwhen________.A.theyweredrivinginthecarB.theywereatthegarageC.theywereontheirwaybackD.theywerewalkinginthewoods（4）Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheowneroftheproperty?A.Crazyandsilly.B.Determinedandpersistent.C.Braveandcareful.D.Beautifulandcourageous.（5）Whatdoyouthinkthemotherwilldoafterthisvisit? A.Shewilllookafterhergrandchildren.C.Shewillbegintodosomethingmeaningful.【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）D（4）B（5）CB.Shewillpayasecondvisittothegarden.D.Shewillcomeandlivewithherdaughter.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者在下雨天受女儿坚持去山顶看风景，去往山顶的过程有些麻烦，但到达山顶后，被山顶的美景所折服。当作者走到一个房子，看到了从很久之前开始一直存在一个标牌，由此引发了作者感慨：如果有一个愿景，并为此每天坚持一点点，那最终会达到什么。（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“SohereIwas,reluctantlymakingthetwo-hourjourneythroughfogthathunglikeveils.可知作者很”不情愿地走了两个小时，穿过像面纱一样悬挂着的雾开车去见自己的女儿。作者开车去见女儿时，是雾天，故选B。（2）考查推理判断。根据第八段中的“Aftertenminutesonthemountainroad,Ilookedatheranxiously.‘Ithoughtyousaidthreeminutes可知.女儿告诉作者’"要走三分钟，结果走了十分钟也没到，再结合下文可知女儿这样做是为了让作者欣赏山上的美景而撒了一个善意的谎言。故选A。（3）考查细节理解。根据第十段中的“Wewalkedalongapaththatwasthickwitholdpineneedles.可”知作者和女儿是沿着一条满是老松针的小路走着时，开始欣赏美景，自得其乐的。故选D。（4）考查推理判断。根据倒数第四段“Thefirstanswerwas:"OneWomanTwoHands,—TwoFeet,andVeryLittleBrain."Thesecondwas:"OneataTime."Thethird:"Startedin1958."可知这些景色的所有者是一个女人，用两只手，两只脚，加上一点想法，一次一个从1958年开始种植的。可知这个所有人是非常有决心和坚持不懈的。故选B。（5）考查推理判断。根据最后一段Carolynlookedatmesideways,smiling."Starttomorrow,"shesaid."Betteryet,starttoday."可知文章的最后Carolyn微笑着看着我。“明天开始，”她说。“更好的是，从今天开始。”结合上文作者的感悟可推理此次参观之后这位母亲会开始做一些有意义的事情。故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。10．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。InrecentyearsIhavehadtwoverygoodrolesontelevision:Florence,thewisecrackingmaidontheseriesTheJeffersons,andMary,themotherwhoholdsthingstogetheron227.But17yearsago,in1972whenIwasjustgettingstartedintheaterwork,IthoughtI"dnevermakeitasanactress.Forthatmatter,Icouldn"tevenholdmylifetogetheroraffordahomeofmyown.BackthenIhadaboutasmuchself-confidenceasachickeninafox"snest.IwasrecoveringfromsurgeryandhadbeenoffworkforsixmonthsfrommyjobasaUnitedAirlinesreservationsagent.I"dhadsomebitpartsinlocaltheatergroups,butthosecameandwent,notleadingto anythingbigger.Worse,asasinglemotherwiththreeyoungsters,Ihadnoplacetolive.MychildrenwerestayingwiththeirfatherwhileIrecoveredinanaunt"sapartment.Lyinginbed,staringhopelesslyatthewall,Ididn"tknowwhattodoorwheretoturn.ThenoneSundaymorningIaimlesslyturnedonthetelevisionset,andtherewereactorRobertYoungandhiswifetalkingabouttheirfaith.Isatrightupinbed.Theysaid,"Whenonedoorcloses,abetteroneopens,"Well,Iwasn"tgoingtojustsitstaringattheclosedone.SoIgotupandtrudged(跋涉)on.Evenifmyshoesworeout,Idecided,myfaithwouldn"t.Later,whenIbeganfillingsmallpartsintelevisionproductions,thatself-confidenceshowed.I"dalwaysdonemybesttoplaytheroleasIthoughtthedirectorwanted,butnowIfoundmyselffreertointerpretit,Iwasmorenatural,moreme.（1）Whatdotheunderlinedwords"holdmylifetogether"inparagraph1probablymean?A.Enjoymylife.B.Supportmyself.C.Abandonmylife.D.Fightagainstmylife.（2）Howdidtheauthorfeelwhensheworkedinthelocaltheater?A.Confident.B.Excited.C.Nervous.D.Disappointed.（3）Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorfromparagraph3?A.Shelivedinherownapartment.B.Shehadtostaywithherfather.C.Shewasconfusedaboutherfuture.D.Shewaslookedafterbyherkids.（4）Whatistheauthor"spurposeofwritingthispassage?A.Toshareherunderstandingoffaithwithus.B.ToprovehersuccessintheTVacting.C.Toshowthankstoherrespectedaunt.D.Totellhowhardshebroughtupherchildren.【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）C（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了自己如何成为演员的经历。（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“affordahomeofmyown”可知作者当时买不起属于自己的房子，说明她当时的生活很困难，故选B。（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“BackthenIhadaboutasmuchself-confidenceasachickeninafox"snest”知作者那时候很自信。以及根据可“I"dhadsomebitpartsinlocaltheatergroups,butthosecameandwent,notleadingtoanythingbigger.可知作者在当地的”剧院工作时，她的这些工作没有给她带来更大的收获。作者很有自信，但是她在当地剧院的工作却没有带来什么，由此可以推断当时作者是失望的，故选D。（3）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Lyinginbed,staringhopelesslyatthewall,Ididn"tknowwhattodoorwheretoturn.作者躺”在床上，绝望地盯着不知道要往哪里去。这说明作者当时对未来很迷茫，故选C。墙壁，不知道要做什么，也（4）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“Theysaid,‘Whenonedoorcloses,abetteroneopens,’Well,Iwasn"tgoingtojustsitstaringattheclosedone.SoIgotupandtrudged跋(涉)on. Evenifmyshoesworeout,Idecided,myfaithwouldn"t.可知”作者看到电视上的一对明星夫妇说，“当一扇门关闭时，一扇更好的门会打开，”作者就决定她不会只是坐着盯着那扇关上的门。所以她起身跋涉。即使她的鞋子磨损了，她的信仰也不会。作者通过这篇文章和读者分享了她对信仰的理解，故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。