高中英语阅读理解(人物故事)答题技巧及练习题(含答案)含解析.docx 17页

高中英语阅读理解(人物故事)答题技巧及练习题(含答案)含解析一、高中英语阅读理解人物故事类1．阅读理解AphotographyexhibitionbyFrenchartistSanBartolomeentitledMoonDoorDreamersopenedinthe798ArtZoneinBeijingonDecember10,2011,presentingacross-culturalperspective(视角)onordinarylifeinthecapitalcity.BartolometookthesephotosinAugust2008,andproducedavideonamedTwoWorlds,OneDream.TheseworksweredisplayedinPingyao,anancientcityinShanxiProvince,underthetitleBeijingMidsummerNightDreaminSeptember2010.ThemoondoorsserveasakeyholethroughwhichonecancatchaglimpseofasliceofBeijinglife.HegothisinspirationfromonecyclingtriptothesoutheasternsuburbofBeijing,wherehediscoveredapeculiarstreetalongwhichagraybrickwallwasbuilttocovertheshabbybungalows.Thesecabinsweremostlyrentedbymigrantworkers-peddlers,craftsmen,grocersandinnkeepers.Bornin1950,Bartolomehasworkedasaphotographer,stagedirector.Artisticmanager,writeranddiplomat.AnotedSinophile,BartolomefrequentlyvisitsChinaforphotographicsubjects.Inthefallof2003,hejoinedtheFrenchEmbassyinBeijingasaculturalattache.HisworkexperienceinChinafrom2003to2015furtherenhancedhisawarenessofandloveforChina.BartolomenotonlylovesChineseculturebutalsotheChinesepeople.HethinksthatChinesepeoplearekind,welcominganddiverse.BackfromhisbikeridetosoutheasternBeijing,hedecidedtoshootpicturesaboutordinaryurbanlifestyles.Heobserveddwellerscarefullyandmadefriendswiththem.Afterabout30daysandnightsthathespentwiththesecommonmigrants,hecreatedanumberofportraits.Meanwhile,helearnedmoreaboutthoseruralmigrantswhoearntheirlivinginacitywithwhichtheyareunfamiliar.Headoptedanoptimisticperspectivetoshootthesights,andheborrowedthetitleofoneofWilliamShakespearescomedyworks:AMidsummerNight"sDream.（1）Whatisthemainpurposeoftheexhibition?A.TopresentBartolome"sphotographicskills.B.TotellusBartolome"sworkexperienceinBeijing.C.ToshowusBartolome"soptimisticviewonordinarylifeinBeijing.D.Tobuildacross-culturalcommunicationbridgebetweenChinaandFrance.（2）WhatinspiresBartolometoshootpicturesaboutordinaryurbanstyles?（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"Sinaphile"inparagraph4referto?A.Asuccessfulartist.B.Aculturalattache.C.Apersonofstatus.D.AfanofChina.（4）Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.AFrenchartisttellsChinesestorieswithhiscamera. B.AFrenchartistfrequentlyvisitsChinaforphotography.C.MigrantworkersliveasimplebuthappylifeinBeijing.D.MoonDoorsserveasawindowtodisplayChinatotheworld.【答案】（1）C（2）A（3）D（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，法国艺术家圣巴托洛姆在北京798艺术区举办的名为"月亮之门梦想家"的摄影展，从跨文化角度呈现了普通城市的生活以及拍摄的原因。（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"presentingacross-culturalperspective(视角)onordinarylifeinthecapitalcity."以及最后一段中的"Headoptedanoptimisticperspectivetoshootthesights,"可知，这次摄影展用一种跨文化视角来展示首都的普通生活，他以乐观的角度拍摄的。由此推断出摄影展向我们展示巴托罗姆对北京城市生活的乐观态度。故选C。（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"HegothisinspirationfromonecyclingtriptothesoutheasternsuburbofBeijing,..."以及第六段中的"BackfromhisbikeridetosoutheasternBeijing,hedecidedtoshootpicturesaboutordinaryurbanlifestyles"可知他（拍摄）的灵感来自一次去北京东南郊的骑行之旅，...。回到北京之后，他决定拍摄一些关于普通城市生活方式的照片。可知，是他骑自行车去北京的东南郊区激发了他拍摄普通城市的生活。故选A。（3）考查词义猜测。根据第四段划线词"Sinaphile"后的内容可知,巴托罗姆为了这个摄影主题经常访问中国。2003年秋，他以文化专员的身份加入了法国驻北京大使馆。从2003年到2015年，他在中国的多年工作经历让他加深了对中国的认识和热爱。由此可知，他是一个热爱中国的人，喜欢了解中国，是一个"中国迷"。故选D。（4）考查主旨大意。本文第一段叙述了法国艺术家圣巴托洛姆在北京798艺术区举办的名为"月亮之门梦想家"的摄影展开幕从一个跨文化视角来展示在首都的普通生活。接着叙述了为什么拍摄中国普通城市的生活，用摄影机拍摄他在中国的经历来表现对中国的热爱。由此可知本文主要叙述了一个法国艺术家用他的相机讲述中国故事。故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。2．阅读理解AthrillingpolarcompetitionbetweentwoadventurerstocrossAntarcticaalone,unsupportedandunassistedhadahappyendingwithbothexplorersachievingtheunprecedentedfeat(功绩).AmericanprofessionalathleteColinO"BradyandBritishArmyCaptainLouisRuddsetoffamileapartatthesametimeonNovember3,2018,fromtheAtlanticcoastwiththeaimtobecomethefirstpersontoskiacrosstheremotecontinentalone.LouisRuddmaintainedtheleadatfirst.However,O"BradycaughtupwithRuddonNovember10andneverlettheBritishmangetclosetohimagain.O"Bradywasthefirstto conquerthe930mileicyland,arrivingattheRossIceShelfonthePacificcoastbywayoftheSouthPoleonDecember26,2018.The33-year-oldspent54daysskiingtheworld"scoldestcontinentwhilepullinga300-poundsled(雪橇)withsupplies.Insteadofleavingtheharshenvironmentaftercompletingthehistoricadventure,theexplorersetupatentontheworld"slargesticesheetandwaitedpatientlyforRuddtocompletethegreatundertaking.OnDecember29,justthreedaysafterO"Bradyarrived,theBritishexplorerfinishedhisadventure,becomingtheworld"ssecondpersontocompletethesolocrossingofthefrozencontinent.Ruddwasnotdisappointedatbeingsecondsinceheneverconsideredittobea"race".Besides,the49-year-oldBritishArmyCaptainhadamoreselflessmotiveforattemptingthefeat.HewasdoingitinmemoryofhisfriendHenryWorsley,whohadintroducedhimtopolarexploration.ThedisasterhappenedwhileWorsleywastryingtocrossthecontinentalonein2016.Ruddsaid,"Ididn"twanttogetdrawnintoarace.AllthatmatteredtomewasthatIcompletedit,andthatIskiedsoloandunsupported,carryingtheflagwithHenry"snameonit."Afterspendingafewdayscamping10feetawayfromeachother,thetwoadventurerswerepickedupbyahelicoptertotheSouthPolescientificresearchstation.（1）WhatdoColinO"BradyandLouisRuddhaveincommon?（2）Whatdoyouknowaboutthefirstleg(第一段賽程)oftherace？A.O"BradyskiedalongwithLouisRuddsidebyside.（3）WhatcanweinferaboutHenryWorsley?（4）HowdidthetwoadventurersreturntotheSouthPolescientificresearchstation?A.Onfoot.B.Byair.C.Byland.D.Bywater.【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）C（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，两个冒险家在无人帮助的情况下独自滑雪穿越南极大陆，但是两个人的目的不同。（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“AthrillingpolarcompetitionbetweentwoadventurerstocrossAntarcticaalone,unsupportedandunassistedhadahappyendingwithbothexplorers achievingtheunprecedentedfeat(功绩).以”及“withtheaimtobecomethefirstpersontoskiacrosstheremotecontinentalone.可知，两人”的目标都是成为滑雪穿越南极洲的第一人，并且两人都获得成功，这是他们的共同之处，故选A。（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“LouisRuddmaintainedtheleadatfirst.However,O"BradycaughtupwithRuddonNovember10”以及第一段可知，他们于11月3日出发，O"Brady赶上LouisRudd是11月10日，可以得出，LouisRudd领先时间为一周，故选D。（3）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“ThedisasterhappenedwhileWorsleywastryingtocrossthecontinentalonein2016.可知，Worsley”在2016年独自穿越南极洲的时候遇难，故选C。（4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Afterspendingafewdayscamping10feetawayfromeachother,thetwoadventurerswerepickedupbyahelicoptertotheSouthPolescientificresearchstation可知”，最后两人被直升飞机带去的南极科考站，故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。3．阅读理解Fivethousandsquaremetersofolddamagedcars,motorcyclesandboatsfillthisjunkyard.Foracasualonlooker,thismightbeaverysadsight.ButforAndy,it"sarealtreasure."I"vebeenajunkhoarder(囤积者)formywholelifeandIlikefixingupwhatshouldn"tbethrownaway.Around200oldcarsendupinthisjunkyardeveryweek.Someofthemaresoldforparts,othersgetrepaired,andstillothersarebeyondrepair."HisfatherBobbystartedthebusinesssome50yearsagoandstillspendseverymorningthere.Thefatherandsonhaveverydifferentapproachestotheirwork.TheygotaDeancabthatwasgettingthrownawayandthatwasthefather"sproject,whichAndydidnotwanthimtodo."HedidbasicallytheoppositeofeverythingItoldhimandIthinkhediditjusttomakememad.Hedumpedatonofmoneyintothiscar,butintheenditwouldn"trun."Andysaidjokingly.TheunusualfamilybusinessattractedtheattentionofaTVcrew.That"showtheshowJankaEmpirecametobefeaturedonanetworkoftheDiscoveryChannel.Thisshow,fiveyearsofshooting,fiveseasonsand60episodes(集),ispopular."TherearehundredsofjunkyardsthroughouttheUnitedStates.Ithinkwhat"sinterestingisthatitisafamilybusiness.MyfatherandIstartedthebusinessandwejokeverywellbackandforthandIthinkthat"swhatpeoplelike.Thecarsthatendupatthejunkyardcomeoutwithendlesssurprises.See,thiswasajunkcarandwerestoreditwithablownmotor.YetIdon"tgetachancetoridearoundittoooften.Becausedespiteitsshiningappearance,thenoiseoftheengineistrulydeafeningandIworrymyneighborswillnotputupwithit."（1）WhatdoesAndyseemtolikeabouthisjunkyard?A.Itisverylarge.B.Itmaybeabadsight.C.Itisamazingandvaluable.D.Itishislifedreamland.（2）Whatcanweinferfromthe"oneDeancab"case?A.Thefatherisreadytofollowhisson"sadvice. B.Thesonisimpatientandfedupwithhisfather.C.Thefatherandsongetonwellwitheachother.D.Thefatherandsonoftendisagreewitheachother.（3）WhyistheshowJankaEmpirepopular?A.TherearehundredsofjunkyardsintheUnitedStates.B.BobbyandAndyruntheirfamilybusinessinanunusualway.C.Theshowisaseriesof5seasonsand60episodes.D.BobbyandAndycanmakethejunkcarattractive.（4）WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeBobbyandAndy?A.Devotedandcreative.B.Funnyandridiculous.C.Gentleandrespectable.D.Economicalandwealthy.【答案】（1）C（2）D（3）B（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，父亲和儿子有非常不同的工作方法。这个不寻常的家族企业引起了电视摄制组的注意。JankaEmpire受欢迎的原因是鲍比和安迪以一种不同寻常的方式经营着他们的家族企业。（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“ButforAndy,it"sarealtreasure.‘I"vebeenajunkhoarder(囤积者)formywholelifeandIlikefixingupwhatshouldn"tbethrownaway.但对安迪’“来说，这是真正的财富。“我一生都是一个垃圾囤积者，我喜欢整理那些不该扔掉的东西。”可知，安迪认为他的垃圾场是惊人的和有价值的。故选C。（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Thefatherandsonhaveverydifferentapproachestotheirwork.TheygotaDeancabthatwasgettingthrownawayandthatwasthefather"sproject,whichAndydidnotwanthimtodo.父亲和儿“子有非常不同的工作方法。他们得到了一辆正在被扔掉的院长的出租汽车，这是父亲的计划，安迪不想让他这么做。”可知，关于“oneDeancab”父亲和儿子经常意见不合。故选D。（3）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“TheunusualfamilybusinessattractedtheattentionofaTVcrew.That"showtheshowJankaEmpirecametobefeaturedonanetworkoftheDiscoveryChannel.Thisshow,fiveyearsofshooting,fiveseasonsand60episodes(集),ispopular.这个不“寻常的家族企业引起了电视摄制组的注意。这就是《扬卡帝国》节目在探索频道播出的原因。这部历时5年拍摄、5季60集的电视剧很受欢迎。”可知，JankaEmpire受欢迎的原因是鲍比和安迪以一种不同寻常的方式经营着他们的家族企业。故选B。（4）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Ithinkthat"swhatpeoplelike.Thecarsthatendupatthejunkyardcomeoutwithendlesssurprises.我想这就是人”们喜欢的。最终停在垃圾场的汽车会带来无尽的惊喜。可知，Bobby和Andy是忠诚和具有创造力的。故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。4．阅读理解 Twenty-oneyearsago,myhusbandgavemeSam,aneight-week-oldschnauzer（雪纳瑞犬）,tohelpeasethelossofourdaughter.SamandIdevelopedaveryspecialbondoverthenextyears.Atonepoint,myhusbandandIdecidedtomovetoanewhomeinNewJersey.Ourneighbor,whosecathadrecentlyhadkittens,askedifwewouldlikeone.WewerealittleapprehensiveaboutSam"sjealousyandhowhewouldhandlehisturf（地盘）beinginvaded,butwedecidedtoriskit.Wepickedalittle,gray,playfulballofFur.Sheracedaroundchasingimaginarymiceandsquirrelsandjumpedfromtabletochairintheblinkofaneye,sowenamedherLightning.Atfirst,SamandLightningwereverycautiouswitheachotherandkepttheirdistance.Butslowly,LightningstartedfollowingSam—upthestairs,downthestairs,intothekitchen.Later,whentheyslept,itwasalwaystogether;whentheyate,itwasalwaysnexttoeachother.WhenItookeitheroneout,theotherwasalwayswaitingbythedoorwhenwereturned.Thatwasthewayitwasforyears.Then,withoutanywarning,Samwasdiagnosedashavingaweakheart.Ihadnootherchoicebuttohavehimputdown.ThepainwasnothingcomparedwithwhatIexperiencedwhenIhadtowalkintoourhousealone.Thistime,therewasnoSamforLightningtogreetandnowaytoexplainwhyshewouldneverseeherfriendagain.Inthefollowingdays,Lightningseemedheart-broken.Icouldseethedisappointmentinhereyeswheneveranyoneopenedthefrontdoor,orthehopewheneversheheardadogbark.OnedayasIwalkedintoourlivingroom,IhappenedtoseeLightningwaslyingnexttothesculpturedreplica（复制品）ofSamthatwehadboughtafewyearsago,onearmwrappedaroundthestatue"sneck,contentedlysleepingwithherbestfriend.（1）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"apprehensive"inparagraph2mean?A.Shocked.B.Curious.C.Worried.D.Eager.（2）HowdidSamgetalongwithLightningatfirst?（3）Whatcanweinferfromthetext?（4）Whatcanbethebesttitleofthetext?A.TheFriendshipbetweenSamandLightningB.TheComingofSamandLightningC.TheDeathofSamtoLightningD.TheImportanceofSamtoUs【答案】（1）C （2）C（3）B（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一只猫和一只宠物狗之间的友谊，当宠物狗死了之后，猫很伤心，当发现宠物狗地雕像时，很开心地睡在其"朋友"的身边。（1）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“Sam"sjealousyandhowhewouldhandlehisturf（地盘）beinginvaded,butwedecidedtoriskit.可知，”害怕Sam嫉妒，以及怎么处理被入侵的领地，但是依然决定冒险，故可知，作者害怕领养一只猫会对宠物狗造成不好的影响，故选C。（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Atfirst,SamandLightningwereverycautiouswitheachotherandkepttheirdistance.可知，”起初Sam和Lightning都对对方很谨慎，保持一定距离，故选C。（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段“OnedayasIwalkedintoourlivingroom,IhappenedtoseeLightningwaslyingnexttothesculpturedreplica（复制品）ofSamthatwehadboughtafewyearsago,onearmwrappedaroundthestatue"sneck,contentedlysleepingwithherbestfriend.可”知，作者一天进屋发现Lightning躺在Sam的复制品的旁边，一个爪子搭载雕像的脖子上，和她的好朋友心满意足地入睡了，故可知，Sam对于Lightning来说，很重要，故选B。（4）考查主旨大意。本文主要讲述一只猫和一只宠物狗之间的友谊，当宠物狗死了之后，猫很伤心，当发现宠物狗地雕像时，很开心地睡在其"朋友"的身边，故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。5．阅读理解OpenwaterswimmingIhadonlyswuminopenwaterafewtimes,andalwaysingentlelakes,soIwasn"tpreparedforhowroughLakeWindermereappearedonacoldday.Aswimmertoldmethewaterfeltcolderthanithadbeenmeasured,andthatthewaterwasabitrough.ButI,alongwith10,000others,wasabouttocompletethechallenge.Mostofthepeopletakingpartweredoingaone-milerace,and10raceswereplannedovertheweekend.Thereseemedtobeamixofopen-waterenthusiastsalongsidecompletebeginners—whichispreciselytheaimoftheswims,togetasmanypeopleaspossiblecompletingtheirownchallenge.Theoldestwomancompetingwas77,takingpartinthetwo-milerace,alongsideamanwholastyearhadswumineveryone-milerace.Ihadchosenthethirdone-mileraceoftheday.Therewereover600peopleinmyrace.Weweretakenthroughanacclimatizationareaachildren"spaddlingpool-sizedpartofthelakewherewemovedintofeelhowcoldthewaterwas."Nottoobad"waseveryone"sthought!Thenweheadedouttowardsthemiddleofthelake.We"dbeenwarnedthatthefirst100metreswouldbereallyrough.However,somewherenear the750mmarkIwasstillwaitingforthecalm;itfeltmorelikeswimmingintheseathanalake.Itriedtofocusonmybreathingandtechnique,andjustkeepgoing.AsIapproachedthe400m-to-gomarkmylowerrightlegbecamepainful.Irecalledoverhearingpeopletalkingabouthowtheykeptswimmingthroughthepain,soItried.Butitdidn"twork.Ibegantofeeltheentirelegtightandpainful.Ididn"twanttostop,soIbentmyrightkneeandjustkickedwiththeleftleg.FinallyIsawthefinishingpost,andIjustconcentratedongettingthere—stillone-legged.Myfinishingtimewas38minutes25secondsbutthatdidn"tmatter—theatmospherewasfantasticandeveryonefeltasenseofachievement,whatevertheirtime.I"mhooked,andwanttogiveitanothergo.I"vealreadysignedupformynextopen-waterswim.（1）Howdidtheauthorfeelbeforetherace?（2）WhydoestheauthormentionthetwopeopleinParagraph2?（3）TheauthorsuggestsinParagraph4that______.（4）Whatdoestheauthortalkaboutinthelastparagraph?A.Herconfidenceinherownability.B.Herprideinhavingswumsoquickly.C.Hereagernesstorepeattheexperience.D.Hersurpriseathavingmanagedtofinish.【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）B（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了参加一英里的天然水域游泳的经历，最终成功到达终点线。（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“ButI,alongwith10,000others,wasabouttocompletethechallenge.可知”，我马上和其他10000名游泳者完成这项挑战，故可知，他们很坚定要完成这项运动，故选D。（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Thereseemedtobeamixofopen-waterenthusiastsalongsidecompletebeginners—whichispreciselytheaimoftheswims,togetasmanypeopleaspossiblecompletingtheirownchallenge.Theoldestwomancompetingwas77,takingpartinthetwo-milerace,alongsideamanwholastyearhadswumineveryone-milerace.可知”，参赛者包括天然水域游泳的爱好者，也包括初学者，也有很多人完成自己的挑战，这里面就有77岁 参加2英里游泳的老人，也有去年参加一英里的男子，故可知，该比赛参与者范围很广，故选C。（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Irecalledoverhearingpeopletalkingabouthowtheykeptswimmingthroughthepain,soItried.Butitdidn"twork.Ibegantofeeltheentirelegtightandpainful.可”知，我想起了那些人提及的克服水中抽筋的技巧，但是没有作用，我感觉整条腿开始紧张疼痛，故可知，这次比赛比她想象的要艰难，故选B。（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“I"mhooked,andwanttogiveitanothergo.I"vealreadysignedupformynextopen-waterswim.可”知，我被吸引住了，想要再尝试一次，准备好为下一次游泳比赛报名，故可知，作者为完成比赛而感到兴奋，也喜欢上了这项运动，故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。6．阅读理解Itisobviousthatallofourchildhoodmemoriesarenotaccidental.Whenyouareachild,everyscent,everysound,everymove,everytoy,thefirstdayofschool,thefirstkiss,thefirststepEverythingtogethermakeswhatisthepersonalityofaman.Allthesearepiecesofonewholeentity.Iwasabout6yearsold.Mymom"sbestfriendlefttoanothertownandaskedmymomtostayatherplacewithmefortwodaysinordertolookafterhertwosons.OnewasalittleolderthanIwas,andthesecondboyappearedtobesupergrown-up,forhewasalreadyfourteen.Ialwaysenjoyedstayingattheirplace.Iremembertheseconddayweweresupposedtohavethecome-backpartyformymom"sfriendatherplace.Iwokeup.Momwenttoworkandremindedmetobeniceandcleanbythetimeshecameback.IstayedwithTony,theolderoftheboysandsuddenlysomebodycalledhimandthoughhewasnotpermittedtoleavemealone-heleft.Hesaiditwouldnotbelong.Butittookhimforever.IrealizedthatIwasalone.Icouldnotcomeoutofthehouse,soIopenedthewindow.Iwassodesperate.Solonely.Sobetrayed.AtthatmomentIpulledthecurtainsostronglythatIfellonthefloor.AndthereIwasstanding-onelittlecriminal-desperatetoescapeandknowingthatIwouldbepunishedfordestroyingthecurtainthatwasnotevenours.Butthensomethingchanged.Istoppedweeping.IlookedaroundandrealizedthatIwasinasafeplace,andthatmomwouldcomebackandkissmenomatterwhatIhaddone.Thiswasamomentofpurehappiness,notthehappinessofgettinganewtoyoradog,orgoingtothepartyofyourbestfriend.Itwasthemomentofclarityforme-thefirsttimeinmylifewhenIrealizedthatIwashappytohavemymomandthatIwassafe.Myeyessawtheworldindifferentshadesthatmoment.Andbytheway-Iwasnotpunishedforthecurtain.Ifellasleeponmymom"sknees.（1）Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.AnUnforgettablePartyB.AChildhoodMemoryC.AHappyDayinMyMom"sBestFriend"sHomeD.TheRulesYouShouldFollow（2）Whatbestdescribestheauthor"sfeelingstowardchildhoodmemories? A.Childhoodmemoriesareeasytoforget.B.Theymakewhatisthepersonalityofaman.C.Goodmemoriesarealwaysmucheasierforustoremember.D.Childhoodmemoriesarealwaysstrangeandincomprehensible.（3）Whathappenedtotheauthorwhenhewas6yearsold?（4）Inthelastparagraph,theword"It"refersto______.A.themomenthereceivedapresentfromhismomB.thetimehespentinmom"sfriend"shomeC.themomentherealizedhismom"sloveD.thetimehedestroyedthecurtain【答案】（1）B（2）B（3）D（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了一个让自己印象深刻的童年记忆。（1）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的"Itisobviousthatallofourchildhoodmemoriesarenotaccidental."可知，我们所有的童年记忆都不是偶然的，作者就讲述了一个让自己印象深刻的童年记忆，故选B。（2）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Everythingtogethermakeswhatisthepersonalityofaman."可知，作者认为这些童年记忆塑造了一个人的人格，故选B。（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"Icouldnotcomeoutofthehouse,soIopenedthewindow."及"AtthatmomentIpulledthecurtainsostronglythatIfellonthefloor."可知，六岁的时候，作者被锁在屋子里，没能从窗户出去，而且还弄坏了窗帘，故选D。（4）考查代词指代。根据最后一段中的"wasthemomentofclarityforme-thefirsttimeinmylifewhenIrealizedthatIwashappytohavemymomandthatIwassafe."可知，这是我人生中第一次意识到有妈妈在，我很安全，由此可知，it指代的就是意识到妈妈的爱的那一刻，故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，代词指代和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。7．阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。EveryyearfromMarchtoOctober,ChristianMoullec,alsoknownas"Birdman,"takestotheskiesaboardhisadaptedlightaircraft.However,the58-year-oldFrenchman"sdaily30-minuteflightisnotjusttoenjoytheimpressiveviews,buttoguideflocks(鸟群)oflesserwhite-frontedgeese(小白额雁)throughsafemigrationpathswhichthebirdscanteachfuturegenerations. Hisdeedbeganin1995whenhenoticedtheirdecliningpopulationinthewildsofLapland,Sweden.Topreventtheirnumbersfromdroppingfurther,Moullectriedtogetthethreatenedspeciestofollowhimalongmigrationroutesthatwouldprotectthemfrombirdhunters.However,gettinggrowngeesetofollowhisleadprovedchallenging.Asyounggeeseimitateandfollowwhomevertheyviewastheirparent,Moullecdecidedtoraisethegeesefrombirth.Tohelpraisefundsandawarenessofhisjobtoprotectnotjustthegeesebutbirdsworldwide,Moullecoftenallowspayingtouriststojoinhimonthe30-minute-longflightsaboardhisaircraft.Inadditiontothetrainedbirdsflyingalongsidethem,visitors,whocomefromasfarasa15-hourplaneflightaway,aretreatedtoavarietyofcraneandgeesespeciesaswellasbreathtakingviewsofcastlesandcities.Heoftenbringshiscameraalongfortheflights,capturingphotosnotjustfortheirbeauty,butforwhattheydescribe.MoullecbelievestheuseofagriculturalchemicalshasdoneharmtowildEuropeanbirds,withmorethanathirddisappearinginthelast30years."It"sadisaster,"hesaid."Mybeautifulimageswithflyingbirdsshouldbeusedtotellthisstory."（1）Whydoes"Birdman"alwaysflytotheskyonhisaircraft?（2）Whatdoweknowabout"Birdman"?（3）WhatdoesMoullecoftentakephotosinhisflightsfor?（4）Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.BirdmanGuidesFlockstoLearntoFly.B.BirdmanFindsBirdsDisappearing.C.BirdmanHelpsFlocksSafelyMigrate.D.BirdmanProtectsBirdsFromHunters.【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）B（4）C【解析】【分析】短文大意：ChristianMoullec通过驾驶他的轻型飞行器来指导小白额雁安全迁徙，他还带领游客们一起体验这种飞行来增强人们保护鸟类的意识。（1）细节理解题。根据第一段buttoguideflocks(鸟群)oflesserwhite-frontedgeese (小白额雁)throughsafemigrationpaths可知Birdman是用他的飞行器指导小白额雁安全迁徙，故选D。（2）推理判断题。通过文章可知Birdman不仅指导小白额雁安全迁徙还认为农药的使用对野生鸟类造成伤害，可以看出他是一个热爱自然的人，故选A。（3）细节理解题。根据第五段Heoftenbringshiscameraalongfortheflights,capturingphotosnotjustfortheirbeauty,butforwhattheydescribe。可知他拍照是为了展示这些照片反映的问题，也就是农药的使用加速了鸟类的数量减少，故选B。（4）主旨大意题。根据文章第一段可知Molluec驾驶轻型飞行器是为了帮助小白额雁沿着安全的路程迁徙，故选C。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题、推理判断题和主旨大意题，细节理解题要注意从文中寻找答案；推理判断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨大意题需要通读全文，寻找主题句，了解大意之后找出中心思想。8．阅读理解WhenIwasaverylittlechild,IrememberwatchingTVandseeingotherchildrensufferinotherpartsoftheworld.Iwouldtalktomyself,"whenIgrowup,whenIcanbecomerich,I"llsavekidsallovertheworld."Attheageof17,IbeganmycareerhereinAmerica,andby18,Istartedmyfirstcharityorganization.Iwentontoteamupwithotherorganizationsinthefollowingyears,andmet,helped,andevenlostsomeofthemostbeautifulsouls,fromsix-year-oldJasminaAnemawhopassedawayin2010fromleukemia(白血病)—herstoryinspiredthousandstovolunteerasdonors,to2012whenmygrandmotherlostherbattlewithcancer,whichistheveryreasonandthedrivingforcebehindtheClaraLionelFoundation(CLF).We"reallhuman.Andwealljustwantachance:achanceatlife,achanceineducation,achanceatafuture,really.AndatCLF,ourmissionistoimpactasmanylivesaspossible,butitstartswithjustone.Peoplemakeitseemtoohardtodocharitywork.Thetruthis,youdon"thavetoberichtohelpothers.Youdon"tneedtobefamous.Youdon"tevenhavetobecollege-educated.Butitstartswithyourneighbor,thepersonrightnexttoyou,thepersonsittingnexttoyouinclass,thekiddowntheblockinyourneighborhood.Youjustdowhateveryoucantohelpinanywaythatyoucan.Andtoday,Iwanttochallengeeachofyoutomakeacommitmenttohelponeperson,oneorganization,onesituationthattouchesyourheart.Mygrandmotheralwaysusedtosay,"Ifyou"vegotadollar,there"splentytoshare."（1）Whatdidtheauthorwanttodoatayoungage?A.WatchTV.B.Growupquickly.C.Becomewealthy.D.Helpotherchildren.（2）WhichofthefollowingdirectlycausedtheauthortocreateanddeveloptheCLF?A.Asix-year-oldkid"srequest.B.Hergrandmother"sdeathofcancer.C.Manyvolunteers"inspirationforit.D.Otherorganizations"encouragement.（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"one"inParagraph2referto?A.Achance.B.Alife.C.Atask.D.Anorganization. （4）Whatdoestheauthorsuggestpeopledointhelastparagraph?A.Dolittlethingstohelpthosearoundthem.B.Workveryhardtogetacollegeeducation.C.Challengetheirfriendstoofferhelp.D.Docharityworkwhenyouarerich.【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）B（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者（蕾哈娜）年少时立志长大帮助遭受痛苦的孩子们。长大作者兑现诺言做慈善工作，并号召人们：做力所能及的事来帮助周围的人。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Iwouldsaytomyself,"WhenIgrowup,whenIcangetrich,Iwillsavekidsallovertheworld."可知，作者小时候想帮助其他孩子，故选D。（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"...to20l2whenmygrandmotherlostherbattlewithcancer,whichistheveryreasonandthedrivingforcebehindtheClaraLionelFoundation(CLF)."可知，祖母的逝世是作者创办和发展CLF的直接动力。故选B。（3）考查代词指代。根据第二段中的"AndatCL.F,ourmissionistoimpactasmanylivesaspossible,butitstartswithjustone."可知，该组织的使命是影响尽可能多的生命，但是这需要从影响一个生命开始。由此可推断，one指代的是前面提到的manylives中的一个。故选B。（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"Butitstartswithyourneighbor..inyourneighborhood."和"Youjustdowhateveryoucantohelpinanywaythatyoucan,Andtoday,Iwanttochallengeeachofyoutomakeacommitmenttohelponeperson,oneorganization,onesituationthattouchesyourheart."可知，作者建议人们做力所能及的事来帮助周围的人。故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，代词指代和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。9．阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Thelightfromthecampfirebrightenedthedarkness,butitcouldnotpreventthedampcoldofDennis"sSwamp(沼泽地)creepingintotheirbones.Itwasastrangeplace.MartinandTomwishedthattheyhadnotacceptedJack"sdare.Theylikedcamping,butnotnearthisswamp."So,"Martinaskedastheysatwatchingthehotcoals."Howdidthisplacegetitsname?""Areyousureyouwanttohearit?It"sascarystory,"warnedJack."Ofcourse!"criedoutTom."Iftherewereanythingtobescaredof,youwouldn"thavechosenthisplace!""Ok,butdon"tsayIdidn"twarnyou,"saidJack,andhebeganthistale."Waybackintime,amancalledDennistriedtostartafarmhere.Hebuiltthatcottageovertheretolivein.Inthosedays,thearealookedquitedifferent—itwascoveredwithtalltreesandtheswampwasacrystal-clearriver.Afterthreehardyears,Dennishadclearedseveralfieldsandplantedcrops.Hewassoproudofhissuccessthatherefusedtolistentoadvice.""Youareclearingtoomuchland,"warnedoneoldman."Thelandisalivingthing.Itwillhit backatyouifyouabuseit.""""Sillyfool,"saidDennistohimself."IfIclearmoreland,Icangrowmorecrops.I"llbecomewealthier.He"sjustjealous!"""Denniscontinuedtochopdowntrees.Smallanimalsthatreliedonthemforfoodandshelterweredestroyed.Hewassoeagertoexpandhisfarmthathedidnotnoticetheriverflowingslowlytowardshisdoor.Hedidnotnoticesaltseepingtothesurfaceoftheland.Hedidnotnoticeswampplantschokingallthenativeplants.""Whathappened?"Martinasked.Itwasgrowingcolder.Hetrembled,twistinghisbodyclosertothefire."Thelandhitback—justastheoldmanwarned,"Jackshrugged."Dennisdisappeared.Oldfolksaroundherebelievethatswampplantsmovedupfromtheriveranddraggedhimunderwater.Hisbodywasneverfound.""Whatastupidstory,"laughedTom."Plantscan"t⋯"Beforehehadfinishedspeaking,hescreamedandfainted(倒).Theothertwoboysjumpedupwithfright,staringatTom.Suddenly,theyburstoutlaughing.Somegreenswampivy(常春藤)hadcoveredTom"sface.ItwasawhilebeforeTomcouldappreciatethejoke.（1）Theunderlinedword"dare"inParagraph1isclosedinmeaningto________.A.courageB.assistanceC.instructionD.challenge（2）WhydidJacktellTomandMartinthestory?（3）WhydidDennisignorethewarningoftheoldman?（4）WhydidTomscreamandfaint?（5）WhatlessoncanwelearnfromthestoryofDennis?A.Graspall,loseall.B.Nosweat,nosweet.C.Itisnousecryingoverspiltmilk.D.Hewhomakesnomistakesmakesnothing.【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）D （4）B（5）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，在黑沉沉的夜晚，三个朋友马丁，汤姆和杰克来到了一片阴湿恐怖的沼泽地。篝火旁聊起了它名字的缘由。故事的主人公丹尼斯贪婪成性，乱砍乱伐。开垦地树没了，动物走了，变成了一块沼泽地。他受到大地的报应——被沼泽植物拖入水中而亡。听后，汤姆突然晕了！他脸上竟然爬满了常春藤。一个着实恐怖的笑话！（1）考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的"Theylikedcamping,butnotnearthisswamp."可知，男孩子们并不愿在这块沼泽地附近野营，之所以现在在这里是受到了杰克的“挑战”。故选D。（2）考查推理判断。根据第二、三、四段他们的对话可知，杰克警告他们这个故事很吓人，但经不住他们的请求还是告诉他们了，故杰克讲这个故事并不是为了吓他们，而是为了满足他们的好奇心。故选B。（3）考查细节理解。根据第八段中"IfIclearmoreland,Icangrowmorecrops.I"llbecomewealthier.He"sjustjealous！"可知，他想种更多的庄稼，变得更富，还以为别人嫉妒他。由此可知，他不听老人的劝告是因为他太贪婪，想种更多的庄稼。故选D。（4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的"Somegreenswampivy(常春藤)hadcoveredTom"sface."可知，他晕倒的原因是他被常春藤吓到了。故选B。（5）考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，Dennis因为贪婪，结果失去了一切，故A项“贪多必失”最恰当，选A。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。10．阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Ifyoufeelsickoruncomfortable,youmightseekoutadoctor.Butwhattodoifyoudon"tquiteknowwhereyoufitintothisworldandyou"retiredofcarryingthatburdenalone?Iansweredstrangers"questionsonlifepuzzlesattheentrancetotheNewYorkCitysubwayat57thand8th.Agroupofstrangershadstoppedbybecausetheywerecarryingaroundsomedeep,meaningfulquestionsthathadlonggoneunanswered,like"whycan"tIbehappierinmylife?"AndthenIspottedher,whowouldbemytoughestquestioneroftheday.Shewasabout6yearsoldandheldhermother"shandasshecraned(伸长脖子)hernecktostareatus.Hermotherstopped,butthegirlhesitated."It"sOK,"Ioffered."Doyouhaveaquestion?"Thegirlsmiledathermother,thenletgoofherhandtowalkovertowardsus.Shelookedmedeadintheeyeandsaid:"HowdoIknowI"mreal?"SuddenlyIwasbackingraduateschool.ShouldItalkabouttheFrenchphilosopherReneDescartestoproveourexistence,withthephrase"Ithink,thereforeIam?"Or,mentionEnglishphilosopherG.E.Mooreandhisfamous"hereisonehand,hereistheother,"toprovetheexistenceoftheexternalworld?Butthentheanswercametome.Irememberedthatthemostimportantpartofphilosophywasfeedingoursenseofwonder."Closeyoureyes,"Isaid.Shedid. "Well,didyoudisappear?"Shesmiledandshookherhead,thenopenedhereyes."Congratulations,you"rereal."Shegrinned(露齿而笑)broadlyandwalkedovertohermother,wholookedbackatusandsmiled.（1）Whydidtheauthorshowupattheentranceofthesubway?（2）Whatmadethelittlegirlstareattheauthor?A.CuriosityB.HorrorC.ExcitementD.Nervousness（3）Howdidthegirlfindtheanswer?（4）Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheauthor?A.Strictandsmart.B.Honestandbrave.C.Cleverandhelpful.D.Humorousandsociable.【答案】（1）C（2）A（3）D（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者在地铁入口回答陌生人所提问的生活方面的难题，一位小女孩问了一个很难回答的问题，最终作者想到了很好的答案，让小女孩满意而走。（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Iansweredstrangers"questionsonlifepuzzlesattheentrancetotheNewYorkCitysubwayat57thand8th.可知，作者出现”在地铁入口是为了回答陌生人生活方面的难题，为他们提供建议。故选C。（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Shewasabout6yearsoldandheldhermother"shandasshecraned(伸长脖子)hernecktostareatus.小女孩伸长”脖子盯着我们，可以推断出，小女孩因为好奇而盯着作者。故选A。（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“‘Closeyoureyes,’Isaid.Shedid.disappear?’Shesmiledandshookherhead,thenopenedhereyes.‘Well,didyou‘Congratulations,you"rereal.可知，作者让小女孩闭上眼睛，然后再睁开眼睛，从而让女孩通过真实的体验找到问题的答案。故选D。（4）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Butthentheanswercametome.Irememberedthatthemostimportantpartofphilosophywasfeedingoursenseofwonder.最终作者从哲学方面” 找到答案，可推断出，作者很聪明；第二段中的“Iansweredstrangers"questionsonlifepuzzlesattheentrancetotheNewYorkCitysubwayat57thand8th.作者在地铁入口回答陌”生人所提问的生活方面的难题，可推断出，作者很乐意帮助别人。故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断量个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。