高二英语阅读理解(人物故事)(一)解题方法和技巧及练习题含解析.docx 18页

高二英语阅读理解(人物故事)(一)解题方法和技巧及练习题含解析一、高中英语阅读理解人物故事类1．阅读理解HalfaDayIwalkedalongsidemyfather,holdinghisrighthand.Allmyclotheswerenew:theblackshoes,thegreenschooluniform,andtheredcap.Theydidnotmakemehappy,however,asthiswasthedayIwastobethrownintoschoolforthefirsttime."Whyschool?"Iaskedmyfather."WhathaveIdone?""I"mnotpunishingyou,"hesaid,laughing."School"snotapunishment.It"saplacethatmakesusefulmenoutofboys.Don"tyouwanttobeusefullikeyourbrothers?"Iwasnotconvinced.Ididnotbelievetherewasreallyanygoodtobehadintearingmeawayfrommyhomeandthrowingmeintothehuge,high-walledbuilding.Whenwearrivedatthegatewecouldseethecourtyard,vastandfullofboysandgirls."Goinbyyou,"saidmyfather,"andjointhem.Putasmileonyourfaceandbeagoodexampletoothers."Ihesitatedandsqueezedhishandfirmly,buthegentlypushedmefromhim."Beaman",hesaid."Todayyoutrulybeginlife.Youwillfindmewaitingforyouwhenit"stimetoleave."Itookafewsteps.Thenthefacesoftheboysandgirlscameintoview.Ididnotknowasingleoneofthem,andnoneofthemknewme.IfeltIwasastrangerwhohadlosthisway.Butthensomeboysbegantoglanceatmeincuriosity,andoneofthemcameoverandasked,"Whobroughtyou?""Myfather,"Iwhispered."Myfather"sdead,"hesaidsimply.Ididnotknowwhattosay.Thegatewasnowclosed.Someofthechildrenburstintotears.Thebellrang.Aladycamealongandsaid,"Thisisyournewhome.Therearemothersandfathershere,too.Everythingthatisenjoyableandbeneficialishere.Sodryyourtearsandfacelifejoyfully."Well,itseemedthatmymisgivingshadhadnobasis.FromthefirstmomentsImademanyfriends.Ihadneverimaginedschoolwouldhavethisrichvarietyofexperiences.（1）Onthewaytoschool,theboyfelt.A.happyB.embarrassedC.upsetD.excited（2）Aboutschooling,Fathersuggested.A.wearingasmileB.tearinghimselfawayfromgamesC.waitingforparentsD.throwinghimselftostudying（3）helpedhimmostonthefirstdayatschool.A.TeachersandclassmatesB.CourtyardsandbuildingsC.FatherandbrotherD.Newuniformsandshoes（4）Whatwouldprobablyhappennext?A.Theschoollifewouldturnouttobeafailure.B.Boysintheschoolwouldwatchhimcuriously.C.Hewouldopenupanewjourneyofcolorfullife. D.Hisparentswouldaccompanyhimattheschool.【答案】（1）C（2）A（3）A（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇叙文，作者第一天去学校的候并不开心，但是等他到了学校之后，他交了很多朋友，开始了新的生活。（1）考推理判断。根据第一段中的“Theydidnotmakemehappy,however,asthiswasthedayIwastobethrownintoschoolforthefirsttime.可知穿新衣”服并没有作者开心，因他要第一次被扔学校了；再根据第四段中的“Ididnotbelievetherewasreallyanygoodtobehadintearingmeawayfrommyhomeandthrowingmeintothehuge,high-walledbuilding.可”知作者不相信将他从家中撕裂并被扔座巨大的高建筑（也就是学校）中真的有什么好。合可知作者去学校不好，去学校的路上是不开心的，沮的，故C。（2）考理解。根据第五段中的"Goinbyyou,"saidmyfather,"andjointhem.Putasmileonyourfaceandbeagoodexampletoothers."可知作者的父他："去吧，加入他的行列。面微笑，成他人的好榜。"也就是作者的父他面微笑，故A。（3）考推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“Aladycamealongandsaid,"Thisisyournewhome.⋯andfacelifejoyfully.；以及最后一”段中的"Well,itseemedthatmymisgivingshadhadnobasis.FromthefirstmomentsImademanyfriends.可知老来“作者他了一番，作者听了番之后得之前自己的是毫无根据的，打消了。他一开始就交到了很多朋友。明老帮助作者在学校的第一天得很好，他的同学也和他成了朋友。故A。（4）考推理判断。根据最后一段中的”FromthefirstmomentsImademanyfriends.Ihadneverimaginedschoolwouldhavethisrichvarietyofexperiences.可知从一开始我就交“了很多朋友。我从未想象学校会有如此丰富的。由此推断之后作者会在学校开始新的生活，会有丰富的，故C。【点】本考点涉及理解和推理判断两个型的考，是一篇故事，考生需要准确掌握信息，并根据上下文行推理，从而出正确答案。2．Directions:Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.Whenshewastenyearsold,IsadoraDuncandroppedoutofschooltoteachpeopledance.Ifthatjobwaslefttoanyotherten-year-old,itwouldhaveturnedoutfrustrating,difficult,andalittlediscouraging. ButDuncanwasdifferent.Notonlywasshealreadytalentedenoughtoearnmoneyevenatthatage,butshealsohadararekindofconfidencethathelpedhertreattroublesasfuel—somethingtoelevatethefirethatisalreadyburninginsideofher.It"snosurprise,then,thatwhenshemovedtoNewYorktojoinatheatrecompany,shefoundherselfrestricted.Theexistingdancingstyle,theirwayofoperating—allofthisseemedtohertheworkofamisguidedpast.Duncanwasverydirectaboutwhatshewanted,confidentlytellingpeopleshehadadifferentvisionofdancethatshewasgoingtospreadintheworld.This,naturally,ledtoridiculeandlaughsearlyon,butasshebuiltupherwork,theseinstancesbecamelessfrequent.Today,sheisrememberedas"TheMotherofDance,"withmuchofthemodernartowingitsexpressivestyletoherinfluence.InspiredbytheancientGreeks,shebroughtthestyletolife.Inherautobiography(自传),oneofthethingsDuncanfrequentlyreferstoasthebasisofherexpressivespiritisthefactthatshehadachildhoodwhereshewasn"tconstantlywatched.Theexpectationsofhermother(whoraisedher)wereopen-ended.Itwasthefreedomofthislifestylethatdrovehertoseewhatshecoulddo.Growingup,beforesheleftschool,shewastoldoneoftwothings:thatshewaseithercompletelyuselessorthatshewasagenius.Therewasnothinginbetween.Evenwhenshestartedworking,peopleeitherbowedtoherortheybasicallyignoredher.Buttherewasn"tonemomentDuncandoubtedherowngenius.Thereisanoldquotation"ifyoujudgeafishbyitsabilitytoclimbatree,itwillliveitswholelifebelievingthatitisstupid."Anditcapturesanimportanttruth.Atschool,IsadoraDuncanwasafailure.Inthedancehall,shegaveformtobrilliance.（1）Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"treattroublesasfuel"mean?（2）WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutDuncan?A.HerexperienceinNewYorkwasthefoundationofhercareer.B.Herteachingjobwhenshewaslittledestroyedherconfidence.C.Herdancingstylewasnotverywellreceivedatthebeginning.D.Hermothersethigherexpectationonherthanshecouldbear.（3）Whatdoestheauthortrytotellthereadersinthelastparagraph? A.Itisuselessclimbingatreetocatchfish.B.Everybodyisageniusinhisownway.C.Miseriescomefromhumanstupidity.D.Teacherscanimpactstudentsgreatly.（4）Whatisthispassagemainlyabout?A.IsadoraDuncan"schildhoodandherachievementstoday.B.Duncan"scareerdevelopmentandotherdancers"opinionsofher.C.IsadoraDuncan"searlyexperiencesandthereasonsforhersuccess.D.Duncan"shighstatusinthedancingworldandheruniqueexpressivestyle.【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）B（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，伊莎多拉·邓肯十岁时辍学去教别人跳舞，作者讲述了她的早期的经历以及其取得成功的原因。（1）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“Notonlywasshealreadytalentedenoughtoearnmoneyevenatthatage,butshealsohadararekindofconfidence即使在那个年龄，她也”有足够的天赋去挣钱，而且她还有一种罕见的自信；以及“somethingtoelevatethefirethatisalreadyburninginsideofher”能让她心中燃烧的火焰更旺，可推测出划线部分的意思应为“用困难推动她向梦想前进”。故选A。（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Duncanwasverydirectaboutwhatshewanted,confidentlytellingpeopleshehadadifferentvisionofdancethatshewasgoingtospreadintheworld.This,naturally,ledtoridiculeandlaughsearlyon,butasshebuiltupherwork,theseinstancesbecamelessfrequent.”可知，她自信地告诉人们她对舞蹈有不同的看法，她将在世界上传播。很自然，这在一开始就引起了人们的嘲笑和大笑，但随着她的工作越来越多，这样的事情就不那么频繁了。由此可知，她的舞蹈风格一开始不被人们接受。故选C。（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“ifyoujudgeafishbyitsabilitytoclimbatree,itwillliveitswholelifebelievingthatitisstupid.如果你以爬”树的能力来判断一条鱼，它终其一生都会认为自己是愚蠢的。接着又指出在学校里，伊莎多拉·邓肯是个失败者。在舞厅里，她光彩夺目。由此可推断出，作者在最后一段想要告诉我们每个人都是独特的天才。故选B。（4）考查主旨大意。伊莎多拉·邓肯十岁时辍学去教别人跳舞，文章主要介绍了她的经历以及所取得的成功。故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。3．阅读理解I"mnotmuchofagardener.Ilovehavingbeautifulflowers-butIdon"thaveagoodtrackrecordwhenitcomestomakingthemgrow. AfewmonthsafteroursonleftfortheMiddleEast,myfriendgiftedmeaboxoftulipbulbs(金香球茎).Sheexplainedthatthesebulbswereputintothegroundinthefallandlaysleepingall郁winter.Theyhadallthenutrientstheyneededinsidethebulbandwouldcomeoutinthespring.""Whenyouseetheleavesofthetinyflowerspushingtowardthesun,you"llknowthatit"salmosttimeforyoursontocomehome.They"llgiveyouwhatyouneedmost.""Shewalkedmethroughtheprocessofplantingthem.Ithankedher—tryingtoshowmygratitudeforhergift.Itwasalongwinter—coldanddark.IenduredboththeweatherandthelonelinessandfearIfeltwithmysonaway.Deadleaves,frostandfinallyaheavysnowcoveredtheareawhereI"dplantedthoseflowers,andIsoonforgottheywerethere.Finallytheweatherbegantowarm.Oneday,asIwalkeddownmyfrontsteps,Inoticedanareaofgreen.Ibentdowntoinspectthesituationmoreclearlyandsawthatthosetulipshadbeguntogrow,theirtinyleavesforcingtheirwaytothesun.DayafterdayInotedtheflowers"progress.Anddayafterday,thetimeapproachedwhenmysonwouldfinallybehome.Nowwithspringjustaroundthecorner,nothingcouldkeepeitherofusfrommarchingtowardthelight.Almostallofthosebulbsbloomed.Andwitheachbrightlycoloredflower,Imarkedoffonedayclosertogettingtoholdmysoninmyarmsagain.（1）Whatcanweknowabouttheauthor?（2）Whydidthewriterforgetthetulipbulbssoon?（3）Whatwerethoseflowersmentionedinthelastparagraphreferredto?A.Aphysicalrepresentationofthehope.B.Thingsdeepinsideherheartandsoul.C.Alessonshewillneverforgetcompletely.D.Thetroubleshehadinmakingthemcomeout.（4）Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Adarkwinterwithhope.B.Plantinghopeinwinter.C.Anareaofgreeninspring.D.Livingachangeablelife.【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）A（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者的儿子去了中东，作者感到孤独和寂寞。一位 朋友送来了一盒郁金香球茎，种花的种植，作者来了希望。（1）考理解。根据第一段中的“I"mnotmuchofagardener.Ilovehavingbeautifulflowers-butIdon"thaveagoodtrackrecordwhenitcomestomakingthemgrow.我不是个好园”丁，我喜漂亮的花，但我在种植方面没有良好的，可知，作者然喜花，但不擅种花。故B。（2）考推理判断。根据第三段中的“Itwasalongwinter—coldanddark⋯Deadleaves,frostandfinallyaheavysnowcoveredtheareawhereI"dplantedthoseflowers,andIsoonforgottheywerethere.那”是一个漫的冬天——又冷又黑⋯⋯枯叶、霜和最后那雪覆盖了我种那些花的地方，我很快救忘了它的存在，可知，冬天很冷、很，故推作者忘它是因得它熬不个冬天，即没它抱有希望。故D。（3）考理解。根据最后一段中的“DayafterdayInotedtheflowers"progress.Anddayafterday,thetimeapproachedwhenmysonwouldfinallybehome.我日复一日的关注”花的成。一天又一天我的儿子于要回家了；以及“Andwitheachbrightlycoloredflower,Imarkedoffonedayclosertogettingtoholdmysoninmyarmsagain.每开一色彩的”花，都志着我离再次把儿子抱在里的日子又近了一天，可知，每开一花就代表作者儿子的来近了一天，即花就是儿子回来的希望。故A。（4）考主旨大意。根据第二段中的“Sheexplainedthatthesebulbswereputintothegroundinthefallandlaysleepingallwinter.Theyhadallthenutrientstheyneededinsidethebulbandwouldcomeoutinthespring.""Whenyouseetheleavesofthetinyflowerspushingtowardthesun,you"llknowthatit"salmosttimeforyoursontocomehome.她些郁金香”球茎秋天种下，整个冬天都在土里。它的球茎内有生所需的养物，到了春天的就会从土里出来。当你看到些小花的叶子朝着太阳的方向生，你就知道你的儿子差不多回家了，可知，本文主要述了冬天种下的郁金香球茎在春天会出来，也意味着作者的儿子快要回来，即花代表着作者儿子回来的希望。B故B。【点】本考点涉及理解和主旨大意两个型的考，是一篇故事，考生需要准确掌握信息，同根据上下文的关系，行概括和，从而出正确答案。4．理解Fivethousandsquaremetersofolddamagedcars,motorcyclesandboatsfillthisjunkyard.Foracasualonlooker,thismightbeaverysadsight.ButforAndy,it"sarealtreasure."I"vebeenajunkhoarder(囤者)formywholelifeandIlikefixingupwhatshouldn"tbethrownaway.Around200oldcarsendupinthisjunkyardeveryweek.Someofthemaresoldforparts,othersgetrepaired,andstillothersarebeyondrepair."HisfatherBobbystartedthebusinesssome50yearsagoandstillspendseverymorningthere.Thefatherandsonhaveverydifferentapproachestotheirwork.TheygotaDeancabthatwasgettingthrownawayandthatwasthefather"sproject,whichAndydidnotwanthimtodo."HedidbasicallytheoppositeofeverythingItoldhimandIthinkhediditjusttomakememad.Hedumpedatonofmoneyintothiscar,butintheenditwouldn"trun."Andysaidjokingly.TheunusualfamilybusinessattractedtheattentionofaTVcrew.That"showtheshowJanka EmpirecametobefeaturedonanetworkoftheDiscoveryChannel.Thisshow,fiveyearsofshooting,fiveseasonsand60episodes(集),ispopular."TherearehundredsofjunkyardsthroughouttheUnitedStates.Ithinkwhat"sinterestingisthatitisafamilybusiness.MyfatherandIstartedthebusinessandwejokeverywellbackandforthandIthinkthat"swhatpeoplelike.Thecarsthatendupatthejunkyardcomeoutwithendlesssurprises.See,thiswasajunkcarandwerestoreditwithablownmotor.YetIdon"tgetachancetoridearoundittoooften.Becausedespiteitsshiningappearance,thenoiseoftheengineistrulydeafeningandIworrymyneighborswillnotputupwithit."（1）WhatdoesAndyseemtolikeabouthisjunkyard?A.Itisverylarge.B.Itmaybeabadsight.C.Itisamazingandvaluable.D.Itishislifedreamland.（2）Whatcanweinferfromthe"oneDeancab"case?（3）WhyistheshowJankaEmpirepopular?（4）WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeBobbyandAndy?A.Devotedandcreative.B.Funnyandridiculous.C.Gentleandrespectable.D.Economicalandwealthy.【答案】（1）C（2）D（3）B（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，父亲和儿子有非常不同的工作方法。这个不寻常的家族企业引起了电视摄制组的注意。JankaEmpire受欢迎的原因是鲍比和安迪以一种不同寻常的方式经营着他们的家族企业。（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“ButforAndy,it"sarealtreasure.‘I"vebeenajunkhoarder(囤积者)formywholelifeandIlikefixingupwhatshouldn"tbethrownaway.但对安迪’“来说，这是真正的财富。“我一生都是一个垃圾囤积者，我喜欢整理那些不该扔掉的东西。”可知，安迪认为他的垃圾场是惊人的和有价值的。故选C。（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Thefatherandsonhaveverydifferentapproachestotheirwork.TheygotaDeancabthatwasgettingthrownawayandthatwasthefather"sproject,whichAndydidnotwanthimtodo.父亲和儿“子有非常不同的工作方法。他们得到了一辆正在被扔掉的院长的出租汽车，这是父亲的计划，安迪不想让他这么做。”可知，关于“oneDeancab”父亲和儿子经常意见不合。故选D。 （3）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“TheunusualfamilybusinessattractedtheattentionofaTVcrew.That"showtheshowJankaEmpirecametobefeaturedonanetworkoftheDiscoveryChannel.Thisshow,fiveyearsofshooting,fiveseasonsand60episodes(集),ispopular.这个不“寻常的家族企业引起了电视摄制组的注意。这就是《扬卡帝国》节目在探索频道播出的原因。这部历时5年拍摄、5季60集的电视剧很受欢迎。”可知，JankaEmpire受欢迎的原因是鲍比和安迪以一种不同寻常的方式经营着他们的家族企业。故选B。（4）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Ithinkthat"swhatpeoplelike.Thecarsthatendupatthejunkyardcomeoutwithendlesssurprises.我想这就是人”们喜欢的。最终停在垃圾场的汽车会带来无尽的惊喜。可知，Bobby和Andy是忠诚和具有创造力的。故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。5．阅读理解InearlyFebruary2019,51-year-oldRainerSchimpfandhisteamsetouttofilmSouthAfrica"sSardineRunoffthecoastofPointElizabethSardineRun,theannualmigration(迁徙)ofbillionsofsardines(asmallseafish),isabigdrawforlargepredators,especiallythedolphinandwhale.Predatorsareanimalsthatkillandeatotheranimals.Inanattempttoobtainthebestimagesoftheincrediblenaturalphenomenon,Rainerdivedintothemiddleofaspinningballoffish.Suddenlytheseamovedaroundviolently,andtheexperienceddiverandhisphotographerHeinzToperczer,whowasfilmingfromtheboat,instantlyrealizedsomethingstrangewasgoingon.Suddenlydolphinsshotoutofthewater,awhitespraycameoutandthenawhaleappearedandgraspedRainerWhileToperczerwasfilmingtheterrifyingturnofeventswithhisvideocamera,Rainer,whowastrappedhadfirstandengulfed(吞噬)indarknessinsidethewhalesmouth,wastryingtosurvive.Nothingcanactuallyprepareyoufortheeventwhenyouendupinsidethepureinstinct(本能),"thedivertoldBarcroftTV."Knowinginthewhale"smouth,Itriedtocontrolmyfear.ButIwasconvincedthatitwasgoingtodivedownandreleasememuchdeeperintheocean.""Thewhalequicklyrealizedhewasnosardine!Asthewhaleturnedsideways,heopenedhismouthslightlytoreleaseme,andIwaswashedout,togetherwithwhatfeltliketonsofwater,ofhismouth,"recalledRainer.Thoughtheentireincidentlastedjust1.8seconds,itfeltlikeayeartoRainer.Stillholdinghisunderwatercamerainhishand,thediverswamtohisboat,wherehewasquicklyrescuedbythemembersoftheteam.TheterribleadventuredidnotdisturbRainerfortoolong.Aftercheckingtoensurehehadnoinjuries,thediverreturnedtothewatertoseekoutmore.（1）Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.ADiver"sNarrowEscapefromaWhalesMouthB.TheAnnualMigrationofBillionsofSeasardinesC.AFrighteningandFantasticExperienceunderSeaD.AnAdventurousTripoffCoastOfPointElizabeth （2）WhatanimalsdoesSardineRunappealtomost?A.seagull.B.Seals.C.Dolphins.D.tortoises.（3）WhatdidRainerprobablydofirstonceinthewhalesmouth?（4）Accordingtothepassage,wecansaythatRainerwasvery_______.A.intelligentB.generousC.flexibleD.fortunate【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）C（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，51岁的Rainer在南非的海域拍摄沙丁鱼迁徙过程中。从鲸鱼口中死里逃生。（1）考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，本文讲述了51岁的Rainer在南非的海域拍摄一年一度的沙丁鱼迁徙过程中从鲸鱼口中死里逃生的经历，故选A。（2）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"theannualmigration(迁徙)ofbillionsofsardines(asmallseafish),isabigdrawforlargepredators,especiallythedolphinandwhale."可知，沙丁鱼迁徙最吸引海豚和鲸鱼，故选C。（3）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"Itriedtocontrolmyfear."可知，一开始，Rainer一定是惊慌失措的，故选C。（4）考查推理判断。根据最后两段可知，鲸鱼意识到自己吞入的不是沙丁鱼后，把Rainer连同几吨水给吐了出来，Rainer竟然毫发无损地死里逃生，由此可知，Rainer非常幸运，故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。6．阅读理解Iwaitedhalfanhour,settheboard,andsatinthestudio,reviewingmyquestionsuntilthetelephonelinesflashed."Hello?""ThisisConnieChung.I"msosorryI"mlate."ConnieChungwasoneoftheonlyfourwomenanchors（主播）tomakeitintotheclubofmajoreveningnetworktelevisionnews.Foralmostanhourwetalkedabouttheindustry.WhenIaskedifsheeverhadaninstructorthroughouthertrials,sheturnedaroundandofferedtoinstructme.WhenIaskedwhyshedecidedtodoit,shesimplyreplied,"Becauseyou"regood."ThatafternoonIrushedhomeandtoldmymotherwhathadhappened.Withoutlookingup,shejustsaid"Goodforyou."Hearingthis,Ifeltasenseofloss.Herconsistentresponsealways mademefeelunder-appreciated.UntilthenIhadbeensearchingforsomethingthatIwouldneverget—thatsenseofloveandacceptanceinahousefullofnegativity（消极）.IknewIneededtogetridofallthenegativityinmylifefirst,soIpackedmybagsandwalkedoutofthehouse,thinkingariskwouldallowmetoopenmyselftotheworldagainandreceiveallthepositiveenergythatIneeded.Thenradiobecamemywayofconnectingwithothers.Myabilitytobookhigh-levelguestsandcelebrities（名人）wasgraduallyrecognizedandeventuallyallthewordsofencouragementfrompastguestsandcolleagueshelpedmetore-buildmyconfidencelevels."Icandothis,"Ikepttellingmyself,andpushedevenhardertofindmynextaim.Peoplehadfaithinme,soIdevelopedfaithinmyself.Theirpositiveattitudestowardsthemselvesandtowardsmehelpedmedevelopmyownpositiveattitude,leadingtoproductiveinteractionswithcelebritiesandaddingtomylistofinstructors.ImaynothavestartedlifesurroundedbypositivitybutIsurelyfeelthatIamsurroundedbyitnow.It"samazinghowpositivitybuildsonitself.（1）Whatwastheauthorprobablydoingatthebeginningofthetext?A.Hewaspreparingforashow.B.Hewaslookingforaninstructor.C.Hewaswaitingtobeinterviewed.D.Hewasbroadcastingnewsinthestudio.（2）Howdidtheauthor"smotherreactwhentoldaboutConnie"sdecision?A.Shefeltexcited.B.Shedidn"tbelieveit.C.Shewasverygrateful.D.Shedidn"ttakeitseriously.（3）Whydidtheauthorleavehome?A.Tobroadenhisview.B.Toescapepunishment.C.Tokeepawayfromnegativity.D.Tosetupahomeofhisown.（4）Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TheStrengthofPositivityB.MyGoalinCareerC.MyAbilityinManagementD.TheFriendshipBetweenAnchors【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）C（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在主持节目过程中遇到的一些朋友和导师，他们积极乐观的态度以及对作者的信任，给作者带来了力量，从而使作者也变得更加积极主动，同时也取得了成功。（1）考查推理判断。根据前四段中出现的"reviewingmyquestions"以及"Iaskedifsheeverhadaninstructor"等可推知，作者是在为主持一个访谈节目做准备，在这个节目中他将问ConnieChung一些问题。故选A。（2）考查推理判断。根据第五段中的"Withoutlooking知，当被告知Connie的决定时，作者的妈妈对作者将接受up,shejustsaid"Goodforyou.""可ConnieChung指导的事情没有当回事。故选D。 （3）考查细节理解。根据第七段中的“IknewIneededtogetridofallthenegativityinmylifefirst可”知，作者离开家是为了摆脱家庭中的消极影响。故选C。（4）考查主旨大意。文章主要讲述了作者在主持节目过程中遇到的一些朋友和导师，他们积极乐观的态度以及对作者的信任，给作者带来了力量，让作者也变得更加积极主动，从而迈向一个接一个的目标。故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。7．阅读理解Generallyspeaking,peoplelikethosewhohaveagoodsenseofhumor.Sometimesatouchofhumormightwellenableustowin.Considerthecaseofayoungfriendofmine,whohitatrafficjamonhiswaytoworkshortlyafterreceivinganultimatum(最后通牒)aboutbeinglateonthejob.AlthoughtherewasagoodreasonforBrian"sbeinglate—seriousillnessathome—hedecidedthatthisby-now-familiarexcusewouldn"tworkanylonger.Hisbosswasprobablyalreadypacingupanddownpreparingadismissalspeech.Yes,thebosswas,asBrianenteredtheofficeat9:35.Theplacewasasquietasalockerroom(更衣室):everyonewashardatwork.Brian"sbosscameuptohim.Suddenly,Brianforcedasmileandstretchedouthishand."Howdoyoudo!"hesaid."I"mBrian.I"mapplyingforajob,which,Iunderstand,becameavailablejust35minutesago.Doesn"ttheearlybirdgettheworm?"Theroomexplodedinlaughter.Thebossclampedoffasmileandwalkedbacktohisoffice.Brianhadsavedhisjob,withtheonlytoolthatcouldwin—alaugh.Humorisamosteffective,yetfrequentlyneglectedmeansofhandlingthedifficultsituationsinourlives.Itcanbeusedforpatchingupdifferences,apologizing,saying"no",criticizing,gettingtheotherfellowtodowhatyouwantwithouthislosingface.Forsomejobs,it"stheonlytoolthatcansucceed.Itisawaytodiscusssubjectssosensitivethatseriousdialogmaystartaquarrel.Forexample,manybelievethatcomediansontelevisionaredoingmoretodayforracialandreligioustolerance(忍受力)thanpeopleinanyotherforum.（1）Brianwaslateforhisjobbecause________.A.hegotuplateB.hewasseriouslyillC.hewascaughtinatrafficjamD.hewasbusyapplyingforanewjob（2）Whatcanweinferabouthumor?A.Itistheearlybird.B.Itisimportantinourlives.C.Brianoftensavedhisjobwithhumor.D.Itcansolveracialdiscriminations.（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"clampedoff"inParagraph3referto?A.chargeB.triedtosetC.gaveupD.triedtoholdback（4）Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Manypeoplelackinasenseofhumor.B.Brianwassupposedtoarriveathisofficeat8:30.C.Itwasn"tthefirsttimethatBriancamelateforwork.D.Humoristhemostinterestingwayofsolvingproblems. 【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）D（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，上班族Brian因为遇到了交通阻塞上班迟到，而在此之前他已经收到了迟到的最后通牒，因此这次很可能被辞退。当他在9：35分时走进办公室，他的老板走向了他，突然，布莱恩强颜欢笑，伸出手来。"你好!""他说。"我是布莱恩。我正在申请一份工作，据我所知，这份工作在35分钟前才开始招聘。早起的鸟儿有虫吃吗?"于是办公室都爆发出了笑声，他通过一点幽默化解了这次危机。（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Considerthecaseofayoungfriendofmine,whohitatrafficjamonhiswaytoworkshortlyafterreceivinganultimatum(最后通牒)aboutbeinglateonthejob.可知”Brian上班迟到是因为遇到了交通阻塞，故选C。（2）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Brianhadsavedhisjob,withtheonlytoolthatcouldwin—alaugh.可”知布莱恩保住了他的工作，用的是唯一能赢的工具——笑声。即可推测幽默在生活中是很重要的，故选B。（3）考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“Theroomexplodedinlaughter.Thebossclampedoffasmileandwalkedbacktohisoffice.可”知房间里哄堂大笑，因此老板也是只能强忍住笑，走回他的办公室。故可知划线部分单词意思为"努力忍住；抑制住"，故选D。（4）考查主旨大意。根据第二段中的“Considerthecaseofayoungfriendofmine,whohitatrafficjamonhiswaytoworkshortlyafterreceivinganultimatum(最后通牒)aboutbeinglateonthejob.可”知Brian在上班路上遇到了交通堵塞，就在他收到上班迟到的最后通牒后不久。可知这不是Brian第一次上班迟到了，故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。8．阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。In2011,NancyBallardwentforaroutinecheckupthatturnedintosomethingextraordinary.Infact,shewascarryingapaintingofaplantshe"ddonewhenshearrivedatherdoctor"sSanFranciscooffice."Itwouldbegreatifwehadartworklikethatforourchemotherapy(化疗)rooms,"thenursesaid.Ballardaskedtoseeone.Shewasshockedbywhatshefound.Thewallsweredullandbare,andthepaintwaschipping(剥落).Itwasadepressingroomforadepressingroutine—patientsrestrictedtochemodripsforperhapsseveralhours,oftenwithnothingtolookatotherthanthosesadwalls.Ballarddidn"thavecancerherself,butshecouldsympathizewiththepatients."Icouldn"timaginehowanyonecouldeventhinkaboutgettinghealthyinaroomlikethat,"shesays.Asithappens,Ballard"sphysician,StephenHufford,wasillwithcancerhimself,sofindingtimetodecoratetheroomswaslowonhisto-dolist.SoBallardmadeithermissiontobrightenuptheplace.Shestartedbye-mailing20localdesigners."Iwrote,"Youdon"tknowme.Butmyhearthurtsafterseeingtheserooms,"sheremembers.Shethenaskedwhethertheywoulddonatetheir timeandmoneytotransformjustoneofDr.Hufford"sroomseach.Asithappened,sixofthemwrotebackalmostimmediately.Sixroomsgotnewpaint,lightfixtures,artwork,andfurniture.Dr.Huffordwasdelighted."Allthepatientsfeelrelievedofthepainbecauseofit,"hesaid.Heevennotedthathisowntoneofvoicewasdifferentintheroomsandthathewasbetterabletoconnectwithhispatients.Ballardwassoencouragedbythepatients"reactionsthatshecreatedanonprofit,RoomsThatRock4Chemo,toraisemoneyanddecoratemorespaces.Sincethen,shehasworkedon20projects,includingoneinPennsylvania."WewereinPhiladelphiaforaribboncutting,andawomanwasthereonherthirdbattlewithcancer,"saysBallard."Whenshesawwhatwe"ddone,shesaid,"I"mgonnabeatitthistime.IthoughtIwasn"tgoingto,butnowIknowI"mgonnabeatit".（1）WhatmadeBallarddecidetohelpdecoratethechemotherapyrooms?（2）WhatoutcomedoesBallard"seffortbringabout?（3）WhichwordsbestdescribeNancyBallard?（4）Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?A.DesignforHopeB.BattleagainstCancerC.DonationforPatientsD.DecorationinHospital【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）A（4）A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文，NancyBallard出于对癌症病人的同情，决定帮忙装饰化疗室。Ballard的努力，使得癌症患者重新对生活充满了希望。（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Ballarddidn"thavecancerherself,butshecouldsympathizewiththepatients.”Ballard本人并没有患癌症，但她同情病人。由此可知，Ballard对癌症病人的同情，使她决定帮忙装饰化疗室，故选A。（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"‘Allthepatientsfeelrelievedofthepainbecauseofit, hesaid.他”说：“所有的病人都因此感到疼痛减轻了。”由此可知，Ballard的努力使得癌症患者感觉好多了，故选C。（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Ballardwassoencouragedbythepatients"reactionsthatshecreatedanonprofit,RoomsThatRock4Chemo,toraisemoneyanddecoratemorespaces.病”人的反应让巴拉德深受鼓舞，她创建了一个非营利组织"RoomsthatRockChemo"来筹集资金，并装饰更多的空间。由此推断出，NancyBallard是一个有爱心，有奉献精神的人，故选A。（4）考查主旨大意。本文介绍了NancyBallard出于对癌症病人的同情，决定帮忙装饰化疗室。Ballard的努力，使得癌症患者重新对生活充满了希望。所以这篇文章最好的题目是“为希望而设计”，故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。9．阅读理解Attheageofseven,whilehisfriendswerespendingtheirallowancesoncandyandtoys,JoseAdolfoQuisocola,Peru,cameupwiththecreativeideaofaneco-bankwhichallowskidsofallagestobecomeeconomicallyindependentandfinanciallywisewhilehelpingtheenvironment.Establishedin2012,TheBartselanaStudentBankistheworld"sfirstcooperativebankforkids.Whoeverwantstojoinhastobringinatleast5kilograms(11pounds)ofsolidwaste(paperorplastic)andestablishasavingsgoal.Onceaccepted,allbank"partners"arerequiredtodepositatleastoneadditionalkilogram(2*2pounds)ofrecydablesonamonthlybasisandobeyotherrequirements,suchasattendingfinancialeducationandenvironmentalmanagementworkshops.Thewasteaccumulatedissoldtolocalrecyclingcompanies,who,thankstosomeclevernegotiationbyJose,payahigher-than-marketrateforeverythingbroughtinbyBartselanaStudentBankmembers.Thefundsreceivedareplacedintheindividual"saccountwheretheycollectuntilhis/hersavingsgoalisreached.Theaccountholdercanthenwithdrawhis/hermoney,orchoosetoleaveitandcontinuetogrowforabiggertarget."Atthebeginning,myteachersthoughtIwascrazyorthatachildcouldnotundertakethistypeofproject,"Joserecalls."Theydidnotunderstandthatwearenotthefutureofthecountrybutitspresent.Luckily,Ihadthesupportoftheschoolprincipalandanassistantinmyclassroom."Theyoungster"spersistencepaidoff.Today,theeco-bank,whichnowhasthesupportofseverallocalinstitutions,hasteneducationalcentersandbeginsacceptingapplicationsfromkidsallacrossPeru.OnNovember20,2018,theyoungboywasawardedthefamousChildren"sClimatePrize(CCP)."Jose"seco-bankisabrilliantwayoflinkingeconomyandclimateimpact,bothinthoughtandpractice.Thepotentialimpactisamazing",ajudgesaid.Hopefully,Jose"ssuccesswillinspiremorekidsandadultstocomeupwithnewideasthatcreatevaluewhilehelpingtheenvironment.Astheboysays,"Togetherwecanchangetheworld,wejustneedanopportunity."（1）Forwhatpurposewastheeco-bankcreated?A.Toeducatechildrenhowtospendtheirallowances. B.Tohelpchildrenbreakawayfromtheirparents.C.Toraisechildren"sawarenessofmoneyandenvironmentD.Toencouragechildrentobuywhatevertheywant.（2）WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytalkabout?A.Thehistoryoftheeco-bankB.Therequirementsofmembership,C.ThewisestwaytodealwithwasteD.Theprocessofhowtheeco-bankworks.（3）WhatchallengedidJosemeetatthebeginningwhenopeningtheeco-bank?A.Lackofenoughsupport.B.Lackofexperience.C.Lackofinvestment.D.Lackofworkers.（4）WhatcanwelearnfromthelasttwoParagraphs?（5）Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.PersistencePaidOffB.RecyclingdoesCountC.AnOpportunitytoChangetheWorld.D.AnEco-bank,EconomicalandEcological【答案】（1）C（2）D（3）A（4）B（5）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,12岁的秘鲁男孩成立一家生态银行,让所有年龄的孩子既能在经济上变得独立和明智,也能对环境有所帮助,这家银行得到了人们的高度赞赏。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"allowskidsofallagestobecomeeconomicallyindependentandfinanciallywisewhilehelpingtheenvironment."可知,这家银行让所有年龄的孩子既能在经济上变得独立和明智,也能对环境有所帮助,由此可知,成立生态银行的目的是提高孩子们对金钱和环境的意识,故选C。（2）考查段落大意。通读第二段内容可知,本段主要介绍了如何成为生态银行的客户、客户需要满足的条件,银行如何让孩子们赚钱、以及如何取款等,也就是主要介绍了生态银行是如何运作的,故选D。（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"Atthebeginning,myteachersthoughtIwascrazyorthatachildcouldnotundertakethistypeofproject"可知,最初老师们都认为这是个疯狂的想法,一个小孩做不来的,再结合下文中的只有校长和一个助手支持他可知,建立生态银行之初,Jose 面临的最大的挑战是缺少足够的支持,故选A。（4）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的"Jose"seco-bankisabrilliantwayoflinkingeconomyandclimateimpact,bothinthoughtandpractice.Thepotentialimpactisamazing"可知,生态银行无论是在想法还是实际上都是一种将经济和气候影响联系起来的杰出方式,它的潜在影响是惊人的;在根据最后一段中的"Hopefully,Jose"ssuccesswillinspiremorekidsandadultstocomeupwithnewideasthatcreatevaluewhilehelpingtheenvironment"可知,Jose的成功有望激励更多的孩子和成人在帮助环境的同时创造价值,由此可知,Jose的生态银行得到了高度的赞赏,故选B。（5）考查主旨大意。根据文章内容,特别是第一段中的"cameupwiththecreativeideaofaneco-bankwhichallowskidsofallagestobecomeeconomicallyindependentandfinanciallywisewhilehelpingtheenvironment."可知,本文主要讲述了12岁的秘鲁男孩成立一家生态银行,这家银行让所有年龄的孩子既能在经济上变得独立和明智,也能对环境有所帮助,由此可知D项（一家经济、生态的银行）最能概括文章内容。故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，段落大意和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。10．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Itwasrainy,andIhadnodesiretodriveupthewindingmountainroadtomydaughterCarolyn"shouse.ButshehadinsistedthatIcometoseesomethingatthetopofthemountain.SohereIwas,reluctantlymakingthetwo-hourjourneythroughfogthathunglikeveils.BythetimeIsawhowthickitwasnearthesummit,I"dgonetoofartoturnback.Nothingcouldbeworththis,IthoughtasIinchedalongthedangeroushighway."I"llstayforlunch,butI"mheadingbackdownassoonasthefoglifts,"IannouncedwhenIarrived."ButIneedyoutodrivemetothegaragetopickupmycar,"Carolynsaid,"Couldweatleastdothat?""Howfarisit?"Iasked."Aboutthreeminutes,"shesaid,"I"lldrive—I"musedtoit."Aftertenminutesonthemountainroad,Ilookedatheranxiously."Ithoughtyousaidthreeminutes."Shegrinned."Thisisadetour."Turningdownanarrowtrack,weparkedthecarandgotout.Wewalkedalongapaththatwasthickwitholdpineneedles.Hugeblack-greenevergreenstoweredoverus.Gradually,thepeaceandsilenceoftheplacebegantofillmymind.Thenweturnedacomerandstopped—andIgaspedinamazement.Fromthetopofthemountain,slopingforseveralacresacrossthemountainsideandvalleys,wereriversofflowersinnumerouscolors.Itlookedasthoughthesunhadtippedoverandspilledgolddownthemountainside.Aseriesofquestionsfilledmymind.Whocreatedsuchbeauty?Why?How?Asweapproachedthehomethatstoodinthecenteroftheproperty,wesawasignthatread:"AnswerstotheQuestionsIKnowYouAreAsking." Thefirstanswerwas:"OneWoman—TwoHands,TwoFeet,andVeryLittleBrain."Thesecondwas:"OneataTime."Thethird:"Startedin1958."Aswedrovehome,Iwassomovedbywhatwehadseen.Icouldscarcelyspeak."Shechangedtheworld."Ifinallysaid,"onebulb(球茎)atatime.Shestartedalmost40yearsago,probablyjustthebeginningofanidea,butshekeptatit."Thewonderofitwouldnotletmego."Imagine,"Isaid,"ifI"dhadavisionandworkedatit,justalittlebiteveryday,whatmightIhaveaccomplished?"Carolynlookedatmesideways,smiling."Starttomorrow,"shesaid."Betteryet,starttoday."（1）Whatwastheweatherlikewhentheauthordrovetovisitherdaughter?A.Itwassnowing.B.Itwasfoggy.C.Itwasfreezing.D.Itwassunny.（2）Whatcanbeinferredaboutthedaughter?A.Shetoldawhitelietohermother.B.Shewasanexperienceddriver.C.Shedidn"tknowthewayverywell.D.Shekneweverythingaboutthewoman.（3）Themotherbegantoenjoyherselfwhen________.A.theyweredrivinginthecarB.theywereatthegarageC.theywereontheirwaybackD.theywerewalkinginthewoods（4）Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheowneroftheproperty?A.Crazyandsilly.B.Determinedandpersistent.C.Braveandcareful.D.Beautifulandcourageous.（5）Whatdoyouthinkthemotherwilldoafterthisvisit?A.Shewilllookafterhergrandchildren.B.Shewillpayasecondvisittothegarden.C.Shewillbegintodosomethingmeaningful.D.Shewillcomeandlivewithherdaughter.【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）D（4）B（5）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者在下雨天受女儿坚持去山顶看风景，去往山顶的过程有些麻烦，但到达山顶后，被山顶的美景所折服。当作者走到一个房子，看到了从很久之前开始一直存在一个标牌，由此引发了作者感慨：如果有一个愿景，并为此每天坚持一点点，那最终会达到什么。（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“SohereIwas,reluctantlymakingthetwo-hourjourneythroughfogthathunglikeveils.可知作者很”不情愿地走了两个小时，穿过像面纱一样悬挂着的雾开车去见自己的女儿。作者开车去见女儿时，是雾天，故选B。（2）考查推理判断。根据第八段中的“Aftertenminutesonthemountainroad,Ilookedatheranxiously.‘Ithoughtyousaidthreeminutes可知.女儿告诉作者’"要走三分钟，结果走了十分钟也没到，再结合下文可知女儿这样做是为了让作者欣赏山上的美景而撒了一个善意的谎言。故选A。（3）考查细节理解。根据第十段中的“Wewalkedalongapaththatwasthickwitholdpineneedles.可”知作者和女儿是沿着一条满是老松针的小路走着时，开始欣赏美景，自得其乐 的。故选D。（4）考查推理判断。根据倒数第四段“Thefirstanswerwas:"OneWomanTwoHands,—TwoFeet,andVeryLittleBrain."Thesecondwas:"OneataTime."Thethird:"Startedin1958."可知这些景色的所有者是一个女人，用两只手，两只脚，加上一点想法，一次一个从1958年开始种植的。可知这个所有人是非常有决心和坚持不懈的。故选B。（5）考查推理判断。根据最后一段Carolynlookedatmesideways,smiling."Starttomorrow,"shesaid."Betteryet,starttoday."可知文章的最后Carolyn微笑着看着我。“明天开始，”她说。“更好的是，从今天开始。”结合上文作者的感悟可推理此次参观之后这位母亲会开始做一些有意义的事情。故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。