高中英语阅读理解(人物故事)解题技巧及练习题含解析.docx 16页

高中英语阅读理解(人物故事)解题技巧及练习题含解析一、高中英语阅读理解人物故事类1．阅读理解HalfaDayIwalkedalongsidemyfather,holdinghisrighthand.Allmyclotheswerenew:theblackshoes,thegreenschooluniform,andtheredcap.Theydidnotmakemehappy,however,asthiswasthedayIwastobethrownintoschoolforthefirsttime."Whyschool?"Iaskedmyfather."WhathaveIdone?""I"mnotpunishingyou,"hesaid,laughing."School"snotapunishment.It"saplacethatmakesusefulmenoutofboys.Don"tyouwanttobeusefullikeyourbrothers?"Iwasnotconvinced.Ididnotbelievetherewasreallyanygoodtobehadintearingmeawayfrommyhomeandthrowingmeintothehuge,high-walledbuilding.Whenwearrivedatthegatewecouldseethecourtyard,vastandfullofboysandgirls."Goinbyyou,"saidmyfather,"andjointhem.Putasmileonyourfaceandbeagoodexampletoothers."Ihesitatedandsqueezedhishandfirmly,buthegentlypushedmefromhim."Beaman",hesaid."Todayyoutrulybeginlife.Youwillfindmewaitingforyouwhenit"stimetoleave."Itookafewsteps.Thenthefacesoftheboysandgirlscameintoview.Ididnotknowasingleoneofthem,andnoneofthemknewme.IfeltIwasastrangerwhohadlosthisway.Butthensomeboysbegantoglanceatmeincuriosity,andoneofthemcameoverandasked,"Whobroughtyou?""Myfather,"Iwhispered."Myfather"sdead,"hesaidsimply.Ididnotknowwhattosay.Thegatewasnowclosed.Someofthechildrenburstintotears.Thebellrang.Aladycamealongandsaid,"Thisisyournewhome.Therearemothersandfathershere,too.Everythingthatisenjoyableandbeneficialishere.Sodryyourtearsandfacelifejoyfully."Well,itseemedthatmymisgivingshadhadnobasis.FromthefirstmomentsImademanyfriends.Ihadneverimaginedschoolwouldhavethisrichvarietyofexperiences.（1）Onthewaytoschool,theboyfelt.A.happyB.embarrassedC.upsetD.excited（2）Aboutschooling,Fathersuggested.A.wearingasmileB.tearinghimselfawayfromgamesC.waitingforparentsD.throwinghimselftostudying（3）helpedhimmostonthefirstdayatschool.A.TeachersandclassmatesB.CourtyardsandbuildingsC.FatherandbrotherD.Newuniformsandshoes（4）Whatwouldprobablyhappennext?A.Theschoollifewouldturnouttobeafailure.B.Boysintheschoolwouldwatchhimcuriously.C.Hewouldopenupanewjourneyofcolorfullife. D.Hisparentswouldaccompanyhimattheschool.【答案】（1）C（2）A（3）A（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇叙文，作者第一天去学校的候并不开心，但是等他到了学校之后，他交了很多朋友，开始了新的生活。（1）考推理判断。根据第一段中的“Theydidnotmakemehappy,however,asthiswasthedayIwastobethrownintoschoolforthefirsttime.可知穿”新衣服并没有作者开心，因他要第一次被扔学校了；再根据第四段中的“Ididnotbelievetherewasreallyanygoodtobehadintearingmeawayfrommyhomeandthrowingmeintothehuge,high-walledbuilding.可”知作者不相信将他从家中撕裂并被扔座巨大的高建筑（也就是学校）中真的有什么好。合可知作者去学校不好，去学校的路上是不开心的，沮的，故C。（2）考理解。根据第五段中的"Goinbyyou,"saidmyfather,"andjointhem.Putasmileonyourfaceandbeagoodexampletoothers."可知作者的父他："去吧，加入他的行列。面微笑，成他人的好榜。"也就是作者的父他面微笑，故A。（3）考推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“Aladycamealongandsaid,"Thisisyournewhome.⋯andfacelifejoyfully.；以及最后一”段中的"Well,itseemedthatmymisgivingshadhadnobasis.FromthefirstmomentsImademanyfriends.可知老来“作者他了一番，作者听了番之后得之前自己的是毫无根据的，打消了。他一开始就交到了很多朋友。明老帮助作者在学校的第一天得很好，他的同学也和他成了朋友。故A。（4）考推理判断。根据最后一段中的”FromthefirstmomentsImademanyfriends.Ihadneverimaginedschoolwouldhavethisrichvarietyofexperiences.可知从一开始我就交“了很多朋友。我从未想象学校会有如此丰富的。由此推断之后作者会在学校开始新的生活，会有丰富的，故C。【点】本考点涉及理解和推理判断两个型的考，是一篇故事，考生需要准确掌握信息，并根据上下文行推理，从而出正确答案。2．理解WhenIwassmall,mymotherandIwouldwalktoourlocallibraryinFranklinSquare.Aswedidn"talwayshaveaccesstoareliablecar,walkinghandinhandwasthemostconvenientwaytogetanywhere.ItwasatstorytimeforchildrenthatbothmymotherandImadelastingfriendships.Today,IamfortunatetolivearoundthecornerfromtheColdCoastPublicLibraryinGlenHeadandashortwalktotheSeaCliffChildren"sLibrary.My18-imonth-oldson,Colin,andIfindourselvesinSeaCliffseveraltimesaweek,meetingandmakingfriends.Well,thatiswhatmanypeopledon"tunderstand-alibraryismorethanbooks;it"sacommunity.Sure,thelibraryinFranklinSquarewastheplacewhereIwasintroducedtoJudyBlumenovels.ButitwasalsotheplacewhereIgotmyfirstemailaddressin1997.Atthelibrary,friendsandI learnedhowtoresearchcollegesandsearchforscholarshipsontheInternet.Thelibrarywastheplacewherewesometimesgiggled(咯咯笑)tooloudly,andwherethelibrariansknewusbyname.Theirknowingournameswasn"tabadthing.WhenIcamehomefrommyfirsttermatBinghamtonUniversity,MaryLaRosa,thelibrarianattheFranklinSquarelibrary,offeredmemyfirstteachingjob.InowteachreadingatNassauCommunityCollege.Mystudentsareoftenamazedthattheycancheckoutbooksviatheirsmartphonesandvirtually(虚拟地)visitavarietyofLongIslandlibraries.TheappusedbyNassauandSuffolkcountypubliclibraries,aswellasthecollegelibrary,makestheirhomeworkeasierbyhelpingthemfindresources.Eventhoughtheycan"talwayseasilyvisittheirlocallibraries,thelibraryisalwayswiththem.（1）Whydoestheauthorconsiderherselfluckytoday?A.Shehasbecomehermother"sbestfriend.B.Shehasaccesstoareliablecarnow.C.Shecanmeetfriendsatthelibrary.D.Shelivesclosetolibraries.（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"that"inParagraph2referto?A.Socializinginalibrary.B.Readingbooksinalibrary.C.Visitingalibrarywithafamilymember.D.Buildingparent-childfriendshipinalibrary.（3）Whatistheauthor"sattitudetoherstudents"wayofvisitinglibraries?A.Cautious.B.Favorable.C.Doubtful.D.Disapproving.（4）Whydoestheauthorwritethetext?A.Todiscusswhylibrariesareimportant.B.Toexpressherdeeploveforlibraries.C.Toexplainhowlibrarieschange.D.Tointroduceherfavoritelibraries.【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）B（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了从自己小时候到成家生子再到工作教书这一路上图书馆的变化。（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Today，IamfortunatetolivearoundthecornerfromtheColdCoastPublicLibraryinGlenHeadandashortwalktotheSeaCliffChildren"sLibrary.可知，现在，我很幸运地住在格伦黑德的冷海岸公共图书馆附近，走一小段路就可以到海崖儿童图书馆，由此可知，作者认为自己很幸运是因为她住得离图书馆很近，故选D。（2）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“My18-imonth-oldson，Colin，andIfindourselvesinSeaCliffseveraltimesaweek，meetingandmakingfriends.可知，”我和18个月大的儿子科林每周都要去几次海崖图书馆，在那里见面、交朋友，这是一种社交活动，画线词指代的就是“在图书馆社交”，故选A。（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Eventhoughtheycan"talwayseasilyvisittheirlocallibraries，thelibraryisalwayswiththem.”可知，尽管学生们不能总是很容易地参观当地的图书馆，但图书馆总是与他们在一起，由此可知，作者对学生们访问虚拟图书馆的方式是支持的，故选B。（4）考查推理判断。纵观全文可知，作者讲述了从自己小时候到成家生子再到工作教书 这一路上图书馆所发生的变化，由此可知，作者写这篇文章是为了解释图书馆的变化，故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。3．阅读理解AthrillingpolarcompetitionbetweentwoadventurerstocrossAntarcticaalone,unsupportedandunassistedhadahappyendingwithbothexplorersachievingtheunprecedentedfeat(功绩).AmericanprofessionalathleteColinO"BradyandBritishArmyCaptainLouisRuddsetoffamileapartatthesametimeonNovember3,2018,fromtheAtlanticcoastwiththeaimtobecomethefirstpersontoskiacrosstheremotecontinentalone.LouisRuddmaintainedtheleadatfirst.However,O"BradycaughtupwithRuddonNovember10andneverlettheBritishmangetclosetohimagain.O"Bradywasthefirsttoconquerthe930mileicyland,arrivingattheRossIceShelfonthePacificcoastbywayoftheSouthPoleonDecember26,2018.The33-year-oldspent54daysskiingtheworld"scoldestcontinentwhilepullinga300-poundsled(雪橇)withsupplies.Insteadofleavingtheharshenvironmentaftercompletingthehistoricadventure,theexplorersetupatentontheworld"slargesticesheetandwaitedpatientlyforRuddtocompletethegreatundertaking.OnDecember29,justthreedaysafterO"Bradyarrived,theBritishexplorerfinishedhisadventure,becomingtheworld"ssecondpersontocompletethesolocrossingofthefrozencontinent.Ruddwasnotdisappointedatbeingsecondsinceheneverconsideredittobea"race".Besides,the49-year-oldBritishArmyCaptainhadamoreselflessmotiveforattemptingthefeat.HewasdoingitinmemoryofhisfriendHenryWorsley,whohadintroducedhimtopolarexploration.ThedisasterhappenedwhileWorsleywastryingtocrossthecontinentalonein2016.Ruddsaid,"Ididn"twanttogetdrawnintoarace.AllthatmatteredtomewasthatIcompletedit,andthatIskiedsoloandunsupported,carryingtheflagwithHenry"snameonit."Afterspendingafewdayscamping10feetawayfromeachother,thetwoadventurerswerepickedupbyahelicoptertotheSouthPolescientificresearchstation.（1）WhatdoColinO"BradyandLouisRuddhaveincommon?A.TheybecamethefirstexplorerstocrossAntarcticaalone,unaided.B.TheybecamethefirstadventurerstoskiacrossAntarctica.C.ThisisthefirsttimethattheyhavearrivedattheSouthpole.D.TheycrossedAntarcticainhonoroftheirfriendHenryWorsley.（2）Whatdoyouknowaboutthefirstleg(第一段賽程)oftherace？A.O"BradyskiedalongwithLouisRuddsidebyside.B.O"Brady"ssledwithfoodsuppliesbrokedown.C.LouisRuddlostthetagwithHenry"snameonit.D.O"BradyfellbehindLouisRuddforthefirstweek.（3）WhatcanweinferaboutHenryWorsley? A.HeusedtoencourageO"BradytoexploretheAntarctic.B.Helosthislifeinaterribletrafficaccidentin2016.C.HediedwhilehewasattemptingtocrosstheAntarcticalone.D.HehelpedLouisRuddcompletethehistoricadventure.（4）HowdidthetwoadventurersreturntotheSouthPolescientificresearchstation?A.Onfoot.B.Byair.C.Byland.D.Bywater.【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）C（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，两个冒险家在无人帮助的情况下独自滑雪穿越南极大陆，但是两个人的目的不同。（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“AthrillingpolarcompetitionbetweentwoadventurerstocrossAntarcticaalone,unsupportedandunassistedhadahappyendingwithbothexplorersachievingtheunprecedentedfeat(功绩).以”及“withtheaimtobecomethefirstpersontoskiacrosstheremotecontinentalone.可知，两人”的目标都是成为滑雪穿越南极洲的第一人，并且两人都获得成功，这是他们的共同之处，故选A。（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“LouisRuddmaintainedtheleadatfirst.However,O"BradycaughtupwithRuddonNovember10”以及第一段可知，他们于11月3日出发，O"Brady赶上LouisRudd是11月10日，可以得出，LouisRudd领先时间为一周，故选D。（3）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“ThedisasterhappenedwhileWorsleywastryingtocrossthecontinentalonein2016.可知，Worsley”在2016年独自穿越南极洲的时候遇难，故选C。（4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Afterspendingafewdayscamping10feetawayfromeachother,thetwoadventurerswerepickedupbyahelicoptertotheSouthPolescientificresearchstation可知”，最后两人被直升飞机带去的南极科考站，故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。4．阅读理解OnWednesday,January13th,Iperformedonstageforthefirsttime.Assomeonewhotakespartinsomanyactivities,it"sextremelydifficulttofindthetimetobeapartofanyproduction.Forme,itwasaonce-in-a-lifetimeopportunitytotryactingthroughtheSeniorPlayProject.Auditions(试镜)camefirst.Theyweren"tparticularlydifficult,moretoseewhomaybeabetterfittorcertainroles.Weweretoldourrolesinthevariousplays,andstartedtoworkimmediately.IwasunsureofhowIwasasanactor,andIhadtolearnalotfast:actions,myplaceinthestory,myreactions,andcountlessothersmalldetails...AsIbegantoimproveasanactor,Iwasabletounderstandmycharactersbetter.MyfirstcharacterisamannamedRogerwhoisasenioradvisortoapresidentialcandidateinaplaycalled"TheSpot."He"sashort-temperedguywhosayswhathewantsandtakeswhathe wantstoassisthiscandidateintoday"stoughpoliticalraces.He"sonthesetofTheSpot,anadvertisementforthecandidate,tomakesureeverythingrunssmoothlyandthatanyproblemsaredealtwithquicklyandefficiently.WhileIhadreallyinterestingcharacters,andtheplayswerefunnyandsuchagreatexperiencetoactin,IreallylovetheSeniorPlayProjectforthepeople.Iworkedwith12otherseniorswhonotonlylovedwhattheyweredoing,butofferedhelpandadvicethroughoutmyentirelearningprocess.Betweenthelights,sounds,costumeandmakeup,andplentymore,theatreisateamsportjustlikebasketballorbaseball.Therearenosmallparts;thereisnoonewhoisn"tneeded.I"velearnedtoappreciatelivetheatre,andtheeffortthateverypersonintheshow,bothonstageandoffstage,putsintoit.（1）Howdidtheauthorfeelaboutbeingintheproject?A.Lucky.B.Tired.C.Nervous.D.Confident.（2）WhatdoweknowaboutthecharacterRoger?A.Hemeanswhathesays.B.Heputsupanadvertisement.C.Hegivesadvicetothecandidate.D.Heisrunningforpresident.（3）Whatdoestheauthorlikemostabouttheproject?A.Thepeople.B.Theplays.C.Thecharacters.D.Thecostume.（4）Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheSeniorPlayProject.B.ActingfortheFirstTime.C.WhatMakesaGoodActor.D.ALessonLearntthroughActing.【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）A（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了第一次登台表演的经历。（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Asomeonewhotakespartinsomanyactivities,it"sextremelydifficulttofindthetimetobeapartofanyproduction.Forme,itwasaonce-in-a-lifetimeopportunitytotryactingthroughtheSeniorPlayProject.对作者来说，这是一个千”载难逢的机会，来尝试表演，从而可以推断出，作者对于参加这个项目感到非常幸运。故选A。（2）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“MyfirstcharacterisamannamedRogerwhoisasenioradvisortoapresidentialcandidateinaplaycalled‘The-temperedSpot.guy’He"sashortwhosayswhathewantsandtakeswhathewantstoassisthiscandidateintoday"stoughpoliticalraces.可”知，罗杰在剧中是一位总统候选人的高级顾问，从而可以推断出，他给候选人提供建议。故选C。（3）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“WhileIhadreallyinterestingcharacters,andtheplayswerefunnyandsuchagreatexperiencetoactin,IreallylovetheSeniorPlayProjectforthepeople.可”知，作者最喜欢戏剧项目中的是人。故选A。（4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“OnWednesday,January13th,Iperformedonstagefor thefirsttime.及全文”内容可知，文章主要叙述作者第一次登台表演的经历。故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。5．阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。In2011,NancyBallardwentforaroutinecheckupthatturnedintosomethingextraordinary.Infact,shewascarryingapaintingofaplantshe"ddonewhenshearrivedatherdoctor"sSanFranciscooffice."Itwouldbegreatifwehadartworklikethatforourchemotherapy(化疗)rooms,"thenursesaid.Ballardaskedtoseeone.Shewasshockedbywhatshefound.Thewallsweredullandbare,andthepaintwaschipping(剥落).Itwasadepressingroomforadepressingroutine—patientsrestrictedtochemodripsforperhapsseveralhours,oftenwithnothingtolookatotherthanthosesadwalls.Ballarddidn"thavecancerherself,butshecouldsympathizewiththepatients."Icouldn"timaginehowanyonecouldeventhinkaboutgettinghealthyinaroomlikethat,"shesays.Asithappens,Ballard"sphysician,StephenHufford,wasillwithcancerhimself,sofindingtimetodecoratetheroomswaslowonhisto-dolist.SoBallardmadeithermissiontobrightenuptheplace.Shestartedbye-mailing20localdesigners."Iwrote,"Youdon"tknowme.Butmyhearthurtsafterseeingtheserooms,"sheremembers.ShethenaskedwhethertheywoulddonatetheirtimeandmoneytotransformjustoneofDr.Hufford"sroomseach.Asithappened,sixofthemwrotebackalmostimmediately.Sixroomsgotnewpaint,lightfixtures,artwork,andfurniture.Dr.Huffordwasdelighted."Allthepatientsfeelrelievedofthepainbecauseofit,"hesaid.Heevennotedthathisowntoneofvoicewasdifferentintheroomsandthathewasbetterabletoconnectwithhispatients.Ballardwassoencouragedbythepatients"reactionsthatshecreatedanonprofit,RoomsThatRock4Chemo,toraisemoneyanddecoratemorespaces.Sincethen,shehasworkedon20projects,includingoneinPennsylvania."WewereinPhiladelphiaforaribboncutting,andawomanwasthereonherthirdbattlewithcancer,"saysBallard."Whenshesawwhatwe"ddone,shesaid,"I"mgonnabeatitthistime.IthoughtIwasn"tgoingto,butnowIknowI"mgonnabeatit".（1）WhatmadeBallarddecidetohelpdecoratethechemotherapyrooms?（2）WhatoutcomedoesBallard"seffortbringabout?A.Morehospitalswillbebuilt,B.Huffordcuredmorepatients.C.Thecancerpatientswerefeelingbetter.D.Hufford"schemotherapyroomsgotgoodfame.（3）WhichwordsbestdescribeNancyBallard? A.Lovinganddevoted.B.Talentedandenergetic.C.Richandgenerous.D.Ambitiousandcreative.（4）Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?A.DesignforHopeB.BattleagainstCancerC.DonationforPatientsD.DecorationinHospital【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）A（4）A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文，NancyBallard出于对癌症病人的同情，决定帮忙装饰化疗室。Ballard的努力，使得癌症患者重新对生活充满了希望。（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Ballarddidn"thavecancerherself,butshecouldsympathizewiththepatients.”本人Ballard并没有患癌症，但她同情病人。由此可知，Ballard对癌症病人的同情，使她决定帮忙装饰化疗室，故选A。（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"‘Allthepatientsfeelrelievedofthepainbecauseofit,hesaid.他”说：“所有的病人都因此感到疼痛减轻了。”由此可知，Ballard的努力使得癌症患者感觉好多了，故选C。（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Ballardwassoencouragedbythepatients"reactionsthatshecreatedanonprofit,RoomsThatRock4Chemo,toraisemoneyanddecoratemorespaces.病”人的反应让巴拉德深受鼓舞，她创建了一个非营利组织"RoomsthatRockChemo"来筹集资金，并装饰更多的空间。由此推断出，NancyBallard是一个有爱心，有奉献精神的人，故选A。（4）考查主旨大意。本文介绍了NancyBallard出于对癌症病人的同情，决定帮忙装饰化疗室。Ballard的努力，使得癌症患者重新对生活充满了希望。所以这篇文章最好的题目是“为希望而设计”，故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。6．阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。We"veallhadcaseswherewe"vewaitedjustabittoolongtopayanelectricbillorspeedingticket.Butoneman,fromCaliforniabyreasonableassumption,whogoesby"Dave",recentlytookprocrastination(拖延)onestepfurther,bypayingaparkingticketalmostahalf-centuryafteritwasgiven.InDecember2018,theMinersvillePoliceDepartmentinPennsylvaniareceivedaletterinthemail.Whoeverwrotetheletterdecideditwasbesttokeephisnamesomewhatunknown,sohe putthereturnaddressas"WaywardRoad,AnytownCalifornia"underthename"Feelingguilty".Whentheofficersopenedtheenvelope,theyfoundabriefletter,alongwitha$5bill,andaparkingticketdatingallthewaybackto1974.Thenoteread,"DearPD,I"vebeencarryingthisticketaroundfor40plusyearsalwaysintendingtopay.ForgivemeifIdon"tgiveyoumyinfo.Withrespect,Dave."Eventhoughtheinitialparkingticketwasonlyfor$2,"Dave"musthavefeltawfullyguiltybecauseheleft150percent,or$3,ininterest.MichaelCombs,thePoliceChiefoftheMinersvillePoliceDepartment,statedinaninterviewthatthesameticketwouldcostabout$20ifitweregiventoday.Combswentontosharethattheoriginalticketfrom1974wasgiventoavehiclethathadanOhiolicenseplate.Becausetherewasnosystemfortrackingticketsgiventoout-of-statecarsbackthen,"Dave"couldhavegottenawaywithneverpayingthe$2fine.Butapparently,guiltgotthebestofhim,andhedecidedtofinallycoughupthemoneymorethan40yearspastitsduedate.（1）Howmuchdoweknowabout"Dave"?（2）Whydidn"t"Dave"payfortheparkingticketuntilrecently?（3）Whatdrove"Dave"topayfortheparkingticketatlast?（4）Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitle?A.PoliceChiefoftheMinersvillePoliceDepartmentSharesaStoryB.MysteriousProcrastinatorFinallyPays44-Year-OldParkingTicketC.UnusualLetterComesfromWaywardRoadAnytownCaliforniaD.ParkingTicketCarriedAroundforAlmostHalfaCenturyfromOhio【答案】（1）C（2）D（3）A（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，一位神秘的拖延者终于支付了44年的停车罚单。（1）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“Combswentontosharethattheoriginalticketfrom1974wasgiventoavehiclethathadanOhiolicenseplate．”可知，Dave的车可能来自俄亥俄州。故选C。 （2）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Becausetherewasnosystemfortrackingticketsgiventoout-of-statecarsbackthen,‘Davecould’havegottenawaywithneverpayingthe$2fine．”可知，"Dave"直到最近才付停车费是因为拖延。故选D。（3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Butapparently,guiltgotthebestofhim,andhedecidedtofinallycoughupthemoneymorethan40yearspastitsduedate．”可知，一种强烈的罪恶感驱使"Dave"终于付了停车费。故选A。（4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“Butoneman,fromCaliforniabyreasonableassumption,whogoesby"Dave",recentlytookprocrastination(拖延)onestepfurther,bypayingaparkingticketalmostahalf-centuryafteritwasgiven．”可知，本文讲述的是一位神秘的拖延者终于支付了44年的停车罚单。故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。7．阅读短文，从短文后每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。FabienCousteauwasbornwithdeeplovefortheocean.Hisgrandfatherandhisfatherwereoceanexplorersanddocumentaryfilmmakers.Fabienspenthisearlyyearsonhisgrandfather"sships.TodayFabienfollowsinhisfamily"sfootstepstoprotecttheplanet"sendangeredoceanlife.Withhisvastknowledgeandexperience,hetriestostrikeabalancebetweenenvironmentalproblemsandmarketeconomies.Fabieniswellknownforhisstudyofsharks.During2000-2002,hecreatedaTVspecialcalledAttackoftheMysterySharkbasedonthesharkattacksthatoccurredalongtheNewJerseyshorelineinthesummerof1916.Thenin2003-2006,withthehelpofalargecrew,Fabiencreatedasharksubmarine(潜艇)thatenabledhimtoputhimselfinsidethesharkworld,providingpeoplewitharareviewofthemysteriousandoftenmisunderstoodcreatures.Forthenextfouryears(2006-2010),Fabienwaspartofaseriescalled,OceanAdventures,whichofferedararelookintosomeofthemostfantasticoceanspecies(物种)andenvironments.In2010,FabienstartedPlantAFish,anonprofitprojectforchildrentohelprestorelocalwaterecosystemsbyreplantingkeyoceanspecies.Savetheworld,onefishatatime.Theprojectisstillinprogressnowanditsfinalgoalistoplant1billion"fish"worldwide.FromJune1toJuly2,2014,Fabienandhisteamspent31daysunderwatertoresearchhowclimatechangeandpollutionareaffectingtheoceans.Fabien"sMission31brokenewgroundbygoingdeeper,longerandfurther,exposing(显露)theworldtotheadventureandthemystique(神秘)ofwhatliesbeneath.FabieniscurrentlyworkingonadocumentaryfilmabouttheadventuresofMission31,aswellasbuildinganOceanLearningCentertoprovidechildrenaroundtheworldwiththeopportunitytolearnaboutoceansandengagewithoceanexplorersdirectlythroughsocialmedia.（1）WhatisNotFabien"sjob?A.OceanexplorerB.DocumentaryfilmmakerC.EnvironmentalistD.Mediamanager（2）HowisParagraph2developed? A.Byprovidingfacts.B.Byofferinganalyses.C.Bymakingcomparisons.D.Bydrawingconclusions.（3）Wecanlearnfromthetextthat________.（4）Inwhichpartofawebsitecanwereadthetext?A.ModernTechnology.B.SpaceExploration.C.OutstandingFigures.D.FantasticWildlife.【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）B（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇人物，介了FabienCousteau研究而出名，他要保海洋的物，在海洋里行探研究。他和他的打破了以前的海洋探的，并拍了海洋生物片的事情。（1）考理解。根据最后一段“FabieniscurrentlyworkingonadocumentaryfilmabouttheadventuresofMission31,aswellasbuildinganOceanLearningCentertoprovidechildrenaroundtheworldwiththeopportunitytolearnaboutoceansandengagewithoceanexplorersdirectlythroughsocialmedia.可知，Fabien”是一个Oceanexplorer海洋探家、Documentaryfilmmaker片的演；再根据第一段中的“Withhisvastknowledgeandexperience,hetriestostrikeabalancebetweenenvironmentalproblemsandmarketeconomies.可知，他是”一个Environmentalist境保者。没有提到他是媒体策划理，故D。（2）考理解。根据第二段中的“Fabieniswellknownforhisstudyofsharks.During2000-2002⋯,Thenin2003-2006,⋯”可知。用例事法叙述他研究的情况。故A。（3）考理解。根据倒数第二段中的“Fabien"sMission31brokenewgroundbygoingdeeper,longerandfurther,exposing(露)theworldtotheadventureandthemystique(神秘)ofwhatliesbeneath.”Fabien"sMission开辟了31一条新路，他走得更深、更久、更，把海底的冒和神秘示了世人。也就是Fabien"sMission31打破了以前海洋探的。故B。（4）考推理判断。根据整篇短文Fabien在海洋的探、保海洋、拍片等方面的献，属于人物短文。故C。【点】本考点涉及理解和推理判断两个型的考，是一篇人物，考生需要准确掌握信息，并根据上下文行推理，从而出正确答案。 8．阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Ifyoufeelsickoruncomfortable,youmightseekoutadoctor.Butwhattodoifyoudon"tquiteknowwhereyoufitintothisworldandyou"retiredofcarryingthatburdenalone?Iansweredstrangers"questionsonlifepuzzlesattheentrancetotheNewYorkCitysubwayat57thand8th.Agroupofstrangershadstoppedbybecausetheywerecarryingaroundsomedeep,meaningfulquestionsthathadlonggoneunanswered,like"whycan"tIbehappierinmylife?"AndthenIspottedher,whowouldbemytoughestquestioneroftheday.Shewasabout6yearsoldandheldhermother"shandasshecraned(伸长脖子)hernecktostareatus.Hermotherstopped,butthegirlhesitated."It"sOK,"Ioffered."Doyouhaveaquestion?"Thegirlsmiledathermother,thenletgoofherhandtowalkovertowardsus.Shelookedmedeadintheeyeandsaid:"HowdoIknowI"mreal?"SuddenlyIwasbackingraduateschool.ShouldItalkabouttheFrenchphilosopherReneDescartestoproveourexistence,withthephrase"Ithink,thereforeIam?"Or,mentionEnglishphilosopherG.E.Mooreandhisfamous"hereisonehand,hereistheother,"toprovetheexistenceoftheexternalworld?Butthentheanswercametome.Irememberedthatthemostimportantpartofphilosophywasfeedingoursenseofwonder."Closeyoureyes,"Isaid.Shedid."Well,didyoudisappear?"Shesmiledandshookherhead,thenopenedhereyes."Congratulations,you"rereal."Shegrinned(露齿而笑)broadlyandwalkedovertohermother,wholookedbackatusandsmiled.（1）Whydidtheauthorshowupattheentranceofthesubway?（2）Whatmadethelittlegirlstareattheauthor?A.CuriosityB.HorrorC.ExcitementD.Nervousness（3）Howdidthegirlfindtheanswer?（4）Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheauthor?A.Strictandsmart.B.Honestandbrave.C.Cleverandhelpful.D.Humorousandsociable.【答案】（1）C（2）A（3）D（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者在地铁入口回答陌生人所提问的生活方面的难题，一位小女孩问了一个很难回答的问题，最终作者想到了很好的答案，让小女孩满意而走。（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Iansweredstrangers"questionsonlifepuzzlesattheentrancetotheNewYorkCitysubwayat57thand8th.可知，作者出现”在地铁入口是为了回答陌生人生活方面的难题，为他们提供建议。故选C。（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Shewasabout6yearsoldandheldhermother"shandasshecraned(伸长脖子)hernecktostareatus.小女孩”伸长脖子盯着我们，可以推断出，小女孩因为好奇而盯着作者。故选A。（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“‘Closeyoureyes,’Isaid.Shedid.disappear?’Shesmiledandshookherhead,thenopenedhereyes.‘Well,didyou‘Congratulations,you"rereal.可知，作者让小女孩闭上眼睛，然后再睁开眼睛，从而让女孩通过真实的体验找到问题的答案。故选D。（4）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Butthentheanswercametome.Irememberedthatthemostimportantpartofphilosophywasfeedingoursenseofwonder.最终作者从哲学方面”找到答案，可推断出，作者很聪明；第二段中的“Iansweredstrangers"questionsonlifepuzzlesattheentrancetotheNewYorkCitysubwayat57thand8th.作者在地”铁入口回答陌生人所提问的生活方面的难题，可推断出，作者很乐意帮助别人。故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断量个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。9．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。SallyDawlyisawomanfromAuburn,California.Overthelastthreeandahalfyears,theanti-litteringwomanhasspentmostofherfreetimepickingupcigarettebutts(烟头)fromthestreetsofherhomecity.Calledthe"ButtLady"byherlocalcommunity,DawlybeganhermissiontoridthestreetsofhercityofcigarettebuttsinOctober,2014.Thewomanlookedforcigarettebutts,pickedthemupandthrewtheminthetrash.Tokeepacountofhowmanybuttsshepicksup,theButtLadyhasbeenusingatablet,andearlierthismonth,shehitahistoricmilestone—onemillioncigarettebutts."Igottiredofgoingonmywalksandseeingcigarettebuttseverywhere,"SallyDawlysaid."I"mjustshockedthatIhadtopickupsomany.I"veeverpickedup3,000buttsinoneday,"shesaid."Don"tthrowawayyourbutts;betteryet,stopsmoking."Withsomanycigarettebuttslitteringthestreets,canoneperson"seffortsreallymakeadifference?Surprisingly,theanswerseemstobeyes.SoonaftertheButtLadyofAuburnstartedhermissionandwordofhereffortsspread,cigarettecansstartedappearingaroundbarsandrestaurantsinthecity.Membersofthelocalcommunityevencameouttocheerheronassheapproachedherone-million-buttmilestone.Sallyknowshercity"scigarettebuttlitteringproblemwon"tbesolvedanytimesoon,butshehopesherworkwillinspirepeopletoatleastthinktwicebeforedroppingcigarettebuttsinthe streets.Shehasdecidedtocontinuecleaningupafterirresponsiblesmokers,andalreadyhasanewmilestoneinhersights—twomillioncigarettebutts.WordoftheButtLady"seffortstokeepthestreetscigarettebutt-freehasreachedneighboringcommunitiesaswell,andCBSSacramentoreportsthatothercitieshavestartedseekingherhelpaswell.（1）WhydoesSallyDawlycarryaniPadwithherwhilepickingupthebutts?A.Toentertainthecrowds.B.Tomonitorthesmokers.C.Toattractpeoplesattention.D.Torecordthenumberofbutts.（2）HowdidSallyDawlyfeelwhenpickingupcigarettebutts?A.Excitedbutupset.B.Shockedandsorry.C.Frightenedbutcontent.D.Astonishedanddesperate.（3）Fromthetext.whatcanbeinferredaboutSallyDawly?（4）Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.California"s"ButtLady".B.Fightingagainstsmoking.C.Californianshealthproblems.D.SmokingproblemsinCalifornia.【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）C（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，众所周知，吸烟有害健康，有时候让人更加烦恼的是随处可见的烟头。在美国加利福尼亚有这样一位“烟头女士”，她利用业余时间捡拾烟头，并在最近捡到了第100万个烟头！（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Tokeepacountofhowmanybuttsshepicksup,theButtLadyhasbeenusingatablet（平板电脑）”可知为了记录自己捡到的烟头数量，theButtLady带了平板电脑。故选D。（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段可知Sally很厌烦看到这么多烟头，她对捡起来这么多数量的烟头感到震惊，并且劝告大家最好不要吸烟。因此她的感受应该是“震惊和难过的”。故选B。（3）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“andalreadyhasanewmilestoneinhersights—twomillioncigarettebutts她已经有”了一个新的里程碑——两百万烟头。可知选C（4）考查主旨大意。本文讲了来自加利福尼亚州的一位女士在业余时间捡起了一百万个烟头，并且获得了“烟头女士”的称号的故事，故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。 10．Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.Aftersomebloodtests,DrStubsstoodbeforeme,atallman,butshortonpersonalityandsportingacoldexpression.Youhavesystemiclupus,hesaidmatter-of-factly."Lupus,"hecontinued,"isanauto-immunediseaseand⋯."IremembercertaindetailsbutmostlyIrememberhimtalkingaboutchildren."Childrenarenoharm.Butchildbirthwouldjumpstartadditionalsymptomsthatcouldbelifethreatening.Youalreadyhavetwokidsanyway."AsIgotuptoleave,shakenanddrained,hesaidhispartingwords,"Iwoulddiscourageanyfurtherresearch.Thereisnocureandnothingcanpreventitsprogression."Still,Ididresearchlupusanditssymptomstirednessandjointpain-werebothconsistentwithwhatIwasexperiencing.Andeventuallysomemajororganscouldbeaffected,causingshutdownandpossiblydeath.Istudiedandfoundoutthatechinaceahadarecordinmakingimmunesystemstronger.IdecidedthatalongwiththeplantIwouldstrengthenmymindsetbyimmersingmyselfinmyfamilywithmyone-year-oldsonandthree-year-olddaughter.Afteranothervisit,IdecidednevertogobacktoDr.Stubs.Howcouldoneendurerepeatedlyheardesperatelywordscomingfromanemotionlessmoutheventhoughtheyweretruth?Theyearspassed.WhenIwouldfeeltiredandachyIpulledsupportfrommychildrenandtheirlaughter.Finally,aftereightyears,IwenttoDr.Kirsteinwhowasrecommendedbyafriend.Shestoodthereholdingmyhandandlookingintomyeyeswarmly."Solet"stalkalittleInstantlymydefensesweredown.BeforeIknewit,shehadmerunningonandonaboutmychildren,myhusband,mylifeanddreams.ItoldheraboutallthemeaningfulactivitiesIwasinvolvedin,thosethingsImighthaveneverdonewithoutthedisease.Afterseveralfollow-uptests,andgreaterresearchintomyfamilyhistory,Dr.Kirsteincametoconclusiveanswer.Ididnothavesystemiclupus.Theremustbesomethingwrongwiththeinitialtests8yearsbefore.Ididn"tknowwhetherIshouldjumpforjoyorscreambecauseIhadbeenlivingthelasteightyearsinfearofafataldisease.ButthenIrealizedthatIhadbeenlivingeveryday,notsomuchinfear,buthappinessEvendaywasagiftandIknewit.（1）Dr.Strubswarnedtheauthoragainsthavingmorechildrenbecause________.（2）WhydidtheauthorstopseeingdoctorStrubsaftertwovisits?A.Becauseshenotqualifiedtotreatherdisease.B.BecauseherecommendedDr.Kirksteintoher.C.Becausehiscoldattitudeupsettheauthor.D.Becauseshesuspectedhisdiagnosisaboutherdisease. （3）Howdidtheauthordealwiththedisease?（4）Whydidtheauthorthinkeverydayinthepast8yearswasagift?A.Becausesystemiclupuswasnolongeradeadlydisease.B.BecauseshemadeeverydayvaluableinspiteofdiseaseC.BecauseshereceivedagifteverydayfromherfamilyD.Becausesheonlyoccasionallyfeltpainandtiredness.【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）D（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者虽然在过去的八年被认为是有疾病，但是她使每一天都过的有意义。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“IremembercertaindetailsbutmostlyIrememberhimtalkingaboutchildren.‘Childrenarenoharm.Butchildbirthwouldjumpstartadditionalsymptomsthatcouldbelifethreatening.Youalreadyhavetwokidsanyway.可知，Dr.Strubs认’"为作者分娩会引发可能危及生命的其他症状。故选A。（2）考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“Howcouldoneendurerepeatedlyheardesperatelywordscomingfromanemotionlessmoutheventhoughtheyweretruth?作者无法忍受反”复听到医生从一个没有感情的嘴里说出绝望的话语，可知，医生冷淡的态度使作者感到不安。故选C。（3）考查细节理解。根据第四段“Istudiedandfoundoutthatechinaceahadarecordinmakingimmunesystemstronger.IdecidedthatalongwiththeplantIwouldstrengthenmymindsetbyimmersingmyselfinmyfamilywithmyone-year-oldsonandthree-year-olddaughter.可”知，作者用紫锥菊来增强自己增强免疫系统并融入家庭、强化心态，从家庭中汲取力量。故选D。（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“ButthenIrealizedthatIhadbeenlivingeveryday,notsomuchinfear,buthappinessEvendaywasagiftandIknewit.可知，作者意识到，活”着的每一天，并不是那么恐惧，而是快乐，甚至每一天都是一份礼物，从而推断出，尽管疾病缠身，但她让每一天都变得有价值。故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。