高二英语阅读理解(人物故事)试题(有答案和解析)及解析.docx 17页

高二英语阅读理解(人物故事)试题(有答案和解析)及解析一、高中英语阅读理解人物故事类1．阅读理解UnbelievableStoriesofAnimalsActingJustLikeHumansHorsesarepickyeatersHorseshaveanevenbettersenseofsmellthanhumansdo.Whenhorsesraisetheirnosesandopentheirnostrils(鼻孔),theirnervoussystemallowsthemtosensesmellswecan"tsense.Thismightexplainwhytheyrefusedirtywaterandcarefullymovearoundmeadows,eatingonlythetastiestgrasses,expertssay.WhalesaysthanksIn2011,awhaleexpertspottedahumpbackwhaletrappedinafishingnetandspentanhourfreeingit.Afterward,inanhour-longdisplayofthanks,thewhaleswamneartheirboatandleapedintotheairabout40times.PandasliketobenaughtyIsthereanythingmorelovelythanababypanda,exceptmaybeahumanbaby?Infact,babypandassometimesbehavelikehumanbabies.Theysleepinthesamepositionsandvaluetheirthumbs.Pandasareshybynatureforitsshybehaviorssuchascoveringitsfacewithapawofduckingitsheadwhenconfrontedbyastranger.AcathonorsitsownerPapertowels,andaplasticcuparejustafewofthegiftsthatToldo,adevotedthree-year-oldgray-and-whitecat,hasplacedonhisformerownerIozzelliRenzo"sgraveeverydaysincethemandiedinSeptember2011.RenzoadoptedToldofromashelterwhenthecatwasthreemonthsold,andthetwoformedaninseparablebond.AfterRenzopassedaway,Toldofollowedthecoffintothecemetery,andnow"standsguard"atthegraveforhoursatatime.（1）Whatcanhorsesdotopickdeliciousgrasses?A.Feelthem.B.Tastethem.C.Smellthem.D.Observethem.（2）Whatdothewhaleandthecathaveincommonaccordingtothepassage?（3）Whichofthefollowingactslikeahumanbabyaccordingtothepassage?A.Thewhale.B.Thecat.C.Thehorse.D.Thepanda.【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了4个令人难以置信的动物与人类行为类似的故事。（1）考查细节理解。根据Horsesarepickyeaters部分介绍的内容可知，马的嗅觉比人类还要强。当马抬起鼻子打开鼻孔时，它们的神经系统让它们感觉到我们感觉不到的气味。 因此它们能够拒绝脏水，只吃最美味的草。这说明马靠嗅觉辨别草的好坏。故选C。（2）考查推理判断。根据Whalesaysthanks可知，这条鲸鱼通过跳跃表达对拯救它的救命恩人的感激。根据Acathonorsitsowner的内容可知，这只猫到墓地去怀念自己的主人。由此可知，两者共同之处在于都有一颗感恩之心。故选B。（3）考查细节理解。根据Pandasliketobenaughty中的“Infact,babypandassometimesbehavelikehumanbabies可”知，熊猫宝宝的行为与人类的婴儿相似。故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。2．阅读理解WilburandOrvilleWrightwerethetwoyoungestsonsofBishopMiltonWright,WilburwasbornonafarmnearMillvilleandOrvillewasborninAugustinthehousethefamilywouldcometooccupyformorethan40yearsinDayton.OrvillewoulddiscoverinlateryearsthatheandWilbur"sfirstinterestsinflightbeganwhentheywerechildren,withpoweredrubber-band-helicoptertoysthattheirfatherwouldbringhomeforthemfromtripsaroundthecountry.OrvilleandWilburwouldbuildduplicates（复制品）ofthesetoysandbouncethemofftheceiling.Theywerejustcrazyaboutthesethingsforthereasonsthattheydidnotyetunderstand.Bothboyslovedtosolveproblemsthatseemeddifficulttoothers.Themoredifficulttheproblemwas,themoretheysawitasachallenge.ExploringtheunknownwassuchajoyforthenthatOrvilleoncesaid,"IcanrememberwhenWilburandIcouldhardlywaitforthemorningtocometogetatsomethingthatinterestedus.That"shappiness."Puttingtheirgifttowork,theboysenteredtheprintingbusinesssoonafterhighschool.Orvilledesignedandthenbuiltaprintingpress（印刷机）forthisenterprise.Atfirst,theydidcontractprintingforotherpeople,andsoononeoftheircustomersduringtheearly1890swasFatherMilton"schurch.Theyalsotriedthenewspaperbusiness,andalthoughtheirtwonewspapers,theWestSideNewsandTheEveningItemwereconsideredtobeofhighquality,Daytonalreadyhaddailynewspapers,sotheWrightssoonreturnedtocontractprinting.Branchingoutintootherareas,theyalsoopenedabicyclebusiness.Bicyclingwasthefastestgrowingsportinthecountryatthattime,andtheirrepairshopsoonledthemintobuildingbicyclesoftheirowndesign,oftenwithtoolsoftheirownconstruction,suchasthelathe（车床）drivenbyaone-cylindergasolineenginebuiltbyOrville.Thebicycleshopwouldprovidethelivelihood（生计）thatwouldallowthemtocarryouttheirexperimentsonairplanes.（1）WhatmayinspireWilburandOrvilleWrighttobekeenonflightinchildhood？A.Theirexperiencesoftakingaflight.B.Theirwishestotravelbyplane.C.Thetoystheirfatherbroughtforthem.D.Theirinterestinduplicatingtoys.（2）WhatkindofchildrenweretheWrightbrothers？A.Enthusiasticandcurious. B.Quietandmodes.C.Naughtybutclever.D.Stubbornbutcareful（3）WhatbusinessdidWilburandOrvilleentershortlyafterhighschool？A.Thetoybusiness.B.Theprintingbusiness.C.Thelathebusiness.D.Thebicyclebusiness.（4）Whatwillpossiblybediscussedfollowingthistext？A.Whoguidedthemalotontheirwaytosuccess.B.Whattroubletheywouldmeetintheirbusiness.C.Whytheyclosedtheirbicycleshopsuddenly.D.Howthetwobrothersbegantoinventplanes.【答案】（1）C（2）A（3）B（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了莱特兄弟是怎样的发明飞机的过程。（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“OrvillewoulddiscoverinlateryearsthatheandWilbur"sfirstinterestsinflightbeganwhentheywerechildren，withpoweredrubber-band-helicoptertoysthattheirfatherwouldbringhomeforthemfromtripsaroundthecountry奥维尔后来发现他和威尔伯对飞行第一次兴趣是从他们小时候开始的，由于他们的父亲从乡村给他们带回家的，用橡皮筋为动力的直升机玩具，可知选C。（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Theywerejustcrazyaboutthesethingsforthereasonsthattheydidnotyetunderstand他们只是”因为他们还不明白的原因而对这些事情疯狂；和第三段中的“Bothboyslovedtosolveproblemsthatseemeddifficulttoothers.Themoredifficulttheproblemwas，themoretheysawitasachallenge两个男孩都”喜欢解决别人觉得困难的问题。问题越难，他们就越觉得这是一个挑战可推出选A。（3）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Puttingtheirgifttowork,theboysenteredtheprintingbusinesssoonafterhighschool.把他们的天赋投”入工作中，孩子们高中毕业后不久就进入了印刷业。故选B。（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Thebicycleshopwouldprovidethelivelihood（生计）thatwouldallowthemtocarryouttheirexperimentsonairplanes自行车”店将提供生计，允许他们在飞机上进行实验，可知选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。3．阅读理解 MyFirstDayofSchoolFearstartedtakingover,IwaswalkingintomyfirstschoolinAmerica.IhadtraveledalongdistancefromIndiainordertojoinmyparents,whohadbeenforthreeyears,hopingAmericawouldhelpmyfuture.MyfatherdecidedthatIwouldbebetteroffgoingtoschoolhere,soIenrolled(登记)inthelocalhighschoolinmynewtown.IwasafraidhowIwoulddo.Onthefirstday,IwenttomysecondperiodclassafterIhadmissedmyfirst.Withanxiety,Ireachedforthedoor,openingitslowly.Withoutpayingattentiontomyclassmates,Iwentstraighttotheteacherandaskedifthiswastherightclass.Withasoftvoiceheanswered."Yes."Hisvoicecomfortedmealittle.HegavemeasheetcalledCourseRequirements,whichIwouldnevergetinIndiabecausewedidn"thaveanythinglikethat.ThenheaskedmetochoosewhereIwouldsit.Ididn"tactuallywanttopickaseat.InIndiawehadfixedseats,soIneverneededtoworryaboutthat.Ispenttherestoftheclasstakingnotesfromtheimageproducedbytheoverheadprojector.InIndianschools,wedidn"tusethetechnologywehad.Wehadtotakenotesastheteacherspoke.Itwasnoon.IwasveryconfusedaboutwhenIwouldhavelunch.IwenttomynextclassandthebellrangasIentered.IwentthroughtheregularprocessofaskingtheteacherifIwasintherightclass.Shesaid,"It"sstillfourthperiod.""Butthebelljustrang,"Isaid.Changingfromagentletonetoaharsher(刺耳的)one,shesaid,"Thatisthelunchbell,youngman."Iapologized.WithoutanotherwordIheadedforthecafeteria.Ifeltluckybecausewedidn"thavethisinIndia.EveryconfusionseemedlikeabarrierIhadtogetthroughtoreachmygoal.Attheendoftheday,Iwasonmywaytothebuswhichwedidn"thaveinIndiaeither.Ispottedmybusandsatdowninsidehappily.Iwasthinking,todaywasn"tsobad.（1）TheauthorattendedanAmericanhighschoolbecause_______.（2）Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor"sfirstdayofschool?A.Hewenttothewrongclassforthesecondperiod.B.Hemetsomeenthusiasticteachersandclassmates.C.HegottheCourseRequirementssheetfromhisclassmate.D.HeexperienceddifferencesfromtheIndianschoolsinmanyways.（3）Howdidtheauthorfeelattheendoftheday?A.WorriedB.PuzzledC.RelievedD.Excited【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者从印度来到美国，在美国上高中。作者记叙了第一天上学的经历和感受。 （1）考理解。根据第一段中的"Ihadtraveled⋯joinmyparents⋯hoping,Americawouldhelpmyfuture.MyfatherdecidedthatIwouldbebetteroffgoingtoschoolhere"可知，作者的父母希望美国会作者的未来有好，在美国上学作者会更好。故B。（2）考推理判断。根据第二段中的"HegavemeasheetcalledCourseRequirements,whichIwouldnevergetinIndia”“Ididn"tactuallywanttopickaseat.InIndiawehadfixed，seatsIspenttherestoftheclasstakingnotesfromtheimageproducedbytheoverheadprojector.InIndianschools,wedidn"tusethetechnologywehad以”及第六段中的“Ifeltluckybecausewedidn"thavethisinIndia"可知，作者在美国上学的第一天，遇到了很多和印度不一的地方。例如：自己座位，程安排等。故合，D。（3）考理解。根据第二段中的"IwasafraidhowIwoulddo.Onthefirstday,IwenttomysecondperiodclassafterIhadmissedmyfirst.Withanxiety和⋯"最后一段中的"Ispottedmybusandsatdowninsidehappily.Iwasthinking,todaywasn"tsobad"可知，作者一开始非常害怕，非常焦，但是到了一天束的候，他感一天不是那么糟糕。由此可以推知，作者的焦最得以解。C。【点】本考点涉及理解和推理判断两个型的考，是一篇故事，考生需要准确捕捉信息，并根据上下文行推理，从而出正确答案。4．Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.MiltonHersheywasbornnearthesmallvillageofDerryChurch,Pennsylvania,in1857.Heonlyattendedschoolthroughthefourthgrade;atthatpoint,hewasapprenticed(做学徒)toaprinterinanearbytown.Afterawhile,helefttheprintingbusinessandwasapprenticedtoaLancaster,Pennsylvaniacandymaker.Andattheageofeighteen,heopenedhisowncandystoreinPhiladelphia.Inspiteofhistalentsasacandymaker,theshopfailedaftersixyears.AfterthefailureofhisPhiladelphiastore,MiltonheadedforDenver,wherehelearnedtheartofmakingcaramels(焦糖).TheninDenver,Miltononceagainattemptedtoopenhisowncandy-makingbusinesses,inChicago,NewOrleans,andNewYorkCity.Finally,in1886,hewenttoLancaster,Pennsylvania,whereheraisedthemoneynecessarytotryagain.Thiscompany—theLancasterCaramelCompany—establishedMilton"sreputationasamastercandymaker.In1893,MiltonattendedtheChicagoInternationalExposition,wherehesawadisplayofGermanchocolate-makingimplements.Fascinatedbytheequipment,hepurchaseditforhisLancastercandyfactoryandbeganproducingchocolate,whichheusedforcoatinghiscaramels.Bythenextyear,productionhadgrowntoincludecocoa,sweetchocolate,andbakingchocolate.TheHersheyChocolatecompanywasbornin1894asasubsidiary(子公司)oftheLancasterCaramelCompany.Sixyearslater,Miltonsoldthecaramelcompany,butreservedtherights,andtheequipment,tomakechocolate.Hebelievedthatalargemarketofchocolateconsumerswaswaitingforsomeonetoproducereasonablypricedcandy.Hewasright.MiltonHersheyreturnedtothevillagewherehehadbeenborn,intheheartofdairycountry,andopenedhischocolatemanufacturingplant.Withaccesstoallthefreshmilkheneeded,hebeganproducingthefinestmilkchocolate.TheplantthatopenedinasmallPennsylvaniavillage in1905istodaythelargestchocolatefactoryintheworld.Thesweetscreatedatthisfacilityarefavoritesaroundtheworld.TheareawherethefactoryislocatedisnowknownasHershey,Pennsylvania.Withinthefirstdecadesofitsexistence,thetownofHersheythrived,asdidthechocolatebusiness.Abank,aschool,churches,adepartmentstore,evenaparkandatrolleysystemallappearedinshortorder;thetownsoonevenhadazoo.Today,avisittothearearevealstheHersheyMedicalCenter,MiltonHersheySchool,andHershey"sChocolateWorld—athemeparkwherevisitorsaregreetedbyagiantReesesPeanutButterCup.Allofthesethings—andahugenumberofhappychocolatelovers—weremadepossiblebecauseacaramelmakervisitedtheChicagoExpositionof1893!（1）Thementionofthe1893Expositionindicatesthat_______.A.theexpositioninChicagoisheldonceeverythreeyears.B.thethemeoftheexpositionof1893was"FoodfromAroundtheWorld."C.theexpositioncontaineddisplaysfromavarietyofcountries.D.thesiteoftheexpositionisnowabranchoftheHersheyChocolateCompany.（2）Accordingtothepassage,MiltonHersheysoldhiscaramelcompanyin_______.A.1894B.1900C.1904D.1905（3）Whatcanyouinferfromthepassage?A.Chocolateispopularineverycountryintheworld.B.ReesesPeanutButterCupsaremanufacturedbytheHersheyChocolateCompany.C.ChocolatehadneverbeenmanufacturedintheUnitedStatesbeforeMiltonHersheydidit.D.TheHersheyChocolateCompanynowmakesmoremoneyfromHershey"sChocolateWorldthanfromthemanufactureandsaleofchocolate.（4）Theauthorwrotethispassagemainlyto_______.A.recountthefoundingoftheHersheyChocolateCompanyB.describetheprocessofmanufacturingchocolateC.comparethepopularityofchocolatetoothercandiesD.explainhowapprenticeshipswork【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）B（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了MiltonHershey创办Hershey"sChocolate的历程以及该公司的发展目前状况。（1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“In1893,MiltonattendedtheChicagoInternationalExposition,wherehesawadisplayofGermanchocolate-makingimplements.可”知，在1893年，Milton参加了芝加哥国际博览会，在这个博览会上，他看到了一套制作巧克力的设备，故可以推出，国际博览会上有不同国家的产品展示，故选C。（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“TheHersheyChocolatecompanywasbornin1894asasubsidiary(子公司)oftheLancasterCaramelCompany.Sixyearslater,Miltonsoldthecaramelcompany,butreservedtherights,andtheequipment,tomakechocolate.可知，1894年”创立了 子公司TheHersheyChocolatecompany，六年后，也就是1900年，把焦糖公司给卖了，故选B。（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Today,avisittothearearevealstheHersheyMedicalCenter,MiltonHersheySchool,andHershey"sChocolateWorld—athemeparkwherevisitorsaregreetedbyagiantReesesPeanutButterCup.”可知，如今，游客可以去参观Hershey医学中心，MiltonHershey学校，以及Hershey"sChocolateWorld主题公园，在这里，游客可以看到巨大的ReesesPeanutButterCup，故可知，主题公园里展出的是Hershey"sChocolate公司的产品，故选B。（4）考查主旨大意。本文主要介绍MiltonHershey创办Hershey"sChocolate的历程以及该公司的发展目前状况，故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。5．阅读理解Theboysatonhischair,withhishandabovethekeyboard.Hethoughtaboutwhattowrite.Herecalledthatthecompetitiondeadlinewasmerelyaweekaway.Buthestillhadnotevenstartedonhispiece.Helookedatthebrochureagain."WRITINGCOMPETITION!"thetitleread.Hismomhadencouragedhimtoenterthewritingcompetition,andnowhewastakingitonashispersonaltaskfortheholidays.Astheboyreflectedonhispreviouswritingefforts,herealizedhowhopelesshistaskofwinningwas.Everystoryheeverwrotewasbasedonotherstories.Hehadlittleimagination,andunfortunately,imaginationwasthekeytowriting.Suddenly,hehadabrainwave.Thistime,hecameupwithanoriginalandimaginativestory.Thewordsshottowardshimlikeastormofleaves.Wordswerecomingeasily,flowingthroughhim,fasterthanhecouldtype.Hetypedfasterthanheeverhadbefore.Hecontinuedtotype,amazedathoweasywritingthisstorywas.Theboycouldnotstopwriting.Helookedatthewordcountandsawthenumber"248"staringrightbackathim.Hewasnotevenhalfwayyet.Thenheheardthecallofhismothersayingtimeforbed.Hecontinuedwritingthepiece,ignoringher.Hehadtomakeupforthetimehehadlostthinkingaboutatopictowrite.Finally,hefinished.Thewordcountnowread"498"."Perfect,"hethought,"justunderthewordlimit."Heknewthiswasthestorythatwouldwin.HewentontoGoogleandsearchedforthecompetition.Hefoundthepagebuttherewasno"Enter"button.（1）Whatcausedtheboytotakepartinthewritingcompetition?A.Anewcomputer.B.Theprizemoney.C.Hisowninterest.D.Hismom"sadvice.（2）Howdidtheboyfinishhisearlierwriting?A.Hismomhelpedhim.B.Hecopiedothers"ideas.C.Hisfriendsassistedhim.D.Heusedhisimagination.（3）Whydidtheboydelayhiswriting?A.Becausehewasterriblylazy.B.Becausehedidn"tknowwhattowrite. C.Becausehewasn"tconfident.D.Becausehereadtoomanystories.（4）Whichmightbethemaximumwordlimitforeachentry?A.100.B.250.C.500.D.1000.【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）B（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，一个男孩，在妈妈的建议下，参加了写作比赛。一开始，他不知道写些什么，后来，有了创作的灵感，文章一气呵成。（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Hismomhadencouragedhimtoenterthewritingcompetition可”知这个男孩妈妈的建议使这个男孩参加了写作比赛，故选D。（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Everystoryheeverwrotewasbasedonotherstories.Hehadlittleimagination,andunfortunately,imaginationwasthekeytowriting.他写的每一个”故事都是根据其他故事改编的。他缺乏想象力，不幸的是，想象力是写作的关键。由此推断出这个男孩是通过抄袭别人的想法，来完成他早期的写作的，故选B。（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Suddenly,hehadabrainwave.Thistime,hecameupwithanoriginalandimaginativestory.突”然，他灵光一闪。这一次，他想出了一个新颖而富有想象力的故事。由此推断出，男孩推迟写作是因为他不知道该写什么，故选B。（4）考查推理判断。根据倒数第三段中的“Finally,hefinished.Thewordcountnowread‘498以’及.倒”数第二段中的“‘Perfect,hethought,’just‘underthewordlimit.’knewHethiswasthestorythatwouldwin.可知他写”了498个字，刚好在字数限制内，由此推断出每篇文章的最大字数限制是500字，故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。6．阅读理解Whenreturningtosouth-westernGermany,wheremyparentslive,itiscompulsoryformetogoonahiketoconnectwithnatureandreconnectwithmyself.So,thatisexactlywhatIdidthefirstsunnySundaybackinthebeautifulBlackForest.TheHuzenbacherSeeisatarninthemiddleofthenorthernBlackForestwithabundantnaturesurroundingit.Approachingitafteragoodhourwalk,Isawfascinatingbluedragonfliesinquantitythatattractedusbythewaytheyflewaround.Theydidn"tstandstillforaphoto,astheylandedonleavesforasplitsecond.WewerealsosurprisedattheyellowwaterliliesthatcanbeseenfloatingonitssurfacebetweenJuneandJuly.Sittingdownatoneofthebenchessurroundingthelakeforapicnicwassatisfyingintwoways.Iwasawareoftheworld"sbeautythatgavemetheenergytocontinueupthemountaintoreachthemostamazingviewlookingoverthelake.Theotherwastoreallyfillmyselfupinordertocontinuetheadventureadequately,fulluponsomesnacksandrefreshingwaterfromthewell.Thehikeupwasn"tashardasexpectedandagoodpathwasprovidedwithdirtyrocksandslipperystonesallundertheshadeofthetalltrees.Thistookaboutanhourandahalfuntil reachingthebeautifulviewofthelakeandlandbelow.Oncewehadtakenintheastonishingviews,thewalkbackdowntookanotherhourorso,makingthehikea3-to4-hourroundtrip,whichwaswellworthit!SimplybeingbackintheBlackForestandhavingsuchpleasanthikesisdefinitelygoodforthesoulandIhighlyrecommendgettingyourselfoutside,beitintheBlackForestoranywhereoutdoors.GetyourintakeofvitaminDand,mostimportantly,takeinthemomentsthatnaturehastooffer.（1）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"tarn"inparagraphⅠreferto?A.Tree.B.Tower.C.LakeD.Village.（2）Howdidtheauthorfeelwhensittingonthebench?A.Tired.B.Content.C.Surprised.D.Excited.（3）Whatdidtheauthorcallonpeopletodo?A.TakevitaminDpills.B.Loveandprotectnature.C.Savethesoulandbeyourself.D.Gooutdoorsandgetclosetonature.（4）Accordingtotheauthor,beingbackintheBlackForestandhavingpleasanthikesdoesgoodtoone"s________.A.healthB.spiritC.characterD.experience【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）D（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者在美丽的黑森林里度过的第一个阳光明媚的星期天。作者在湖边的长椅上坐下来野餐，进行了一次3到4个小时的徒步往返旅程。作者因此号召人们多去户外，亲近自然。（1）考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的“WewerealsosurprisedattheyellowwaterliliesthatcanbeseenfloatingonitssurfacebetweenJuneandJuly.可知六月至七月间”，黄黄的睡莲浮在水面上，我们也很惊讶。其中its指代TheHuzenbacherSee，故可知TheHuzenbacherSee是一个湖泊，故划线部分tarn意思为"湖泊"，故选C。（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Sittingdownatoneofthebenchessurroundingthelakeforapicnicwassatisfyingintwoways.满足感，即作者坐在长椅上时感到满足，故选（3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的可知作者在湖边”的长椅上坐下来野餐有两方面的B。“Ihighlyrecommendgettingyourselfoutside,beitintheBlackForestoranywhereoutdoors.可知作者强”烈建议到户外去，无论是在黑森林还是任何户外的地方，去亲近自然，故选D。（4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“SimplybeingbackintheBlackForestandhavingsuchpleasanthikesisdefinitelygoodforthesoul可知作者认为简单”地回到黑森林，进行这样愉快的徒步旅行肯定对灵魂有好处，故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和词义猜测两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。 7．阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。ForKimDuffy,sendingawayherteenagedaughterwasthebesthopeforsavingthegirl"slife.Corinne,then17,hadbeenstrugglingwithbulimia(贪食症)andanorexia(厌食症)formorethanfiveyears.Duffyandherhusband,Terry,foundaresidentialfacilityinVirginia,andCorinnesignedonforatwo-monthstayinthesummerof2009.Today,Corinne"shealthyandpursuingamaster"sdegreeinColorado.Sheandherparentsbelievetheholistic(整体)approachandindividualizedfocuswerekeytoherrecovery.Andtheyknowtheyhadaccesstouniqueresources."Wewerefortunate,"saysDuffy."Wecouldpayforeverything."Butmanycan"t.AccordingtoareportreleasedinNovember2014bytheStandingCommitteeontheStatusofWomen,between600,000andonemillionCanadianssufferfromaneatingdisorder.Publicinpatientprogramsoftenwon"tadmitpatientsuntilthey"reinlife-threateningcondition.Privateclinicsoftenhavealongwaitlistsandhighcosts-atHomewood,inGuelph,Ont.,aroomis$305to$360perday.TheDuffs"struggleledthentoconnectotherfamilieswiththequalityofcaretheyreceivedintheUnitedSates.Inlate2013,heyfoundedtheWaterStoneClinic,aprivateeatingdisordercenterinToronto.Sincethefacilityopened,170clientshavereceivedtreatment.Theytakeyoga,doarttherapyandparticipateinmealpreparation,buildingreal-lifeskillswithasupportteam.Programsrunweekdaysfrom8a.m.to2p.m.,andnotably,sofarWaterStonehasnowaitinglist.Butthisapproachiscostly:approximately$650perday.RealizingthatthepricetagputsWaterStoneoutofreachformany,theDuffyscreatedtheWaterStoneFoundation-acharitythatprovidesaidtopatientswhocan"taffordtreatmentthefollowingyear.Candidatesareassessedbytwocommitteesthatmakeadecisionbasedonclinicalandfinancialneed.Since2014,thefoundationhashelped100people.Duffyalsowantstochangethepublicsystem.InJuneofthisyear,thefoundationawarded＄170,000tofourOntariohopitalsofferingcreativetreatmenttoeatingdisorderpatients."Yes,peopleneedprivatetreatment,"shesays,"butit"simportanttohelpoutonabroaderscale,too."（1）WhydidDuffythinktheywerefortunate?A.Theyhadenoughmoneytotravelabroad.B.Theycouldaffordthemedicalresources.C.Theyhappenedtofindarighthospital.D.Theymetveryexperienceddoctors.（2）WhatcanweinferfromParagraph3?（3）WhichofthefollowingpatientswillreceivehelpfromWaterStoneFoundation?A.Pooroneswhosufferfromthedisease.B.Oneswhoarerejectedbypublichospitals.C.Oneswhoarefacingdeath.D.oldoneswhoarepoor. （4）WhatdoweknowfromDuffy"swordsinthelastparagraph?A.Onlyprivateclinicscangivepropertreatmenttothepatients.B.Treatmentofthediseaseinpublichospitalsshouldbeimproved.C.Shewantstocooperatewithpublichospitalstohelpthepatients.D.Publichospitalsshoulddomoretohelppeoplewitheatingdisorder.【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）A（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇叙文，一加拿大夫了帮助有食症和食症的病人而立了私人所以及帮助病患者而立慈善机构的故事。体了人要相互关互相帮助的人文思想。（1）考理解。根据第二段中的"Wewerelucky.Wecouldpayforeverything."可知，他支付得起医用，因此感到很幸运，故B。（2）考推理判断。根据第三段中的“Butmanycan"t.AccordingtoareportreleasedinNovember2014bytheStandingCommitteeontheStatusofWomen,between600,000andonemillionCanadianssufferfromaneatingdisorder.Publicinpatientprogramsoftenwon"tadmitpatientsuntilthey"reinlife-threateningcondition.可知”，但是很多人都支付不起笔用，很多人患有食，住院部只会收那些有生命危的病人，而私人所的用却很高昂，可知很多人不能享受医服，故C。（3）考理解。根据倒数第二段中的"⋯acharitythatprovidesaidtopatientswhocan"taffordtreatment以⋯"及"Candidatesareassessedbytwocommitteesthatmakeadecisionbasedonclinicalandfinancialneed"。足两个条件就可以得WaterStoneFoundation的助：付不起款的，并且病状重者，故A。（4）考推理判断。根据最后一段中的"⋯butit"simportanttohelpoutonabroaderscale意思是在更大范内的病人提供帮助是重要的。言外之意就是公立医院更多的帮助病人，故D。【点】本考点涉及理解和推理判断两个型的考，是一篇故事，考生需要准确捕捉信息，并根据上下文行推理，从而出正确答案。⋯"8．下面短文，从每所的A、B、C和D四个中，出最佳。Losingawalletisoneofthosecarelessactsmostofushavecomeacross,atsomepointortheotherinourlives.Whilemostofustendtomoveonaftermourningoverthelostnecessities,thereareafewluckyoneswhogetthemback,withthehelpofthepoliceorthegenerosityofthepersonwhofindsit.AndthenthereisHunterShamatt,whonotonlygotbackhiswalletbutwithsomeaddedhappinessthatwastaggedalong!Hunterwasonhiswaytoattendhissister"sweddingonaLasVegas-boundflightwhenherealizedthathehasmisplacedhiswallet,sometimeduringthejourney.Hunter"sfamilyreachedouttotheFrontierflighttoenquireifsomeonehadhandeditovertothem.Unfortunately,there wasnosignofthemissingwallet.Butwait.Thestorywasfarfromover.JustaweekafterHunter"ssister"swedding,hereceivedapackageinhismail.Andguesswhat?Therewashiswallet!Surprisingly,thewalletwasnottheonlythingthatwasinsidethepackage.ItalsohadahandwrittennoteforHunterwhichturnedouttobeabonus!Thepieceofpaperread,"Hunter,FoundthisonaFrontierflightfromOmahatoDenver—row12,seatFwedgedbetweentheseatandwall.Thoughtyoumightwantitback.Allthebest.P.S.Iroundedyourcashuptoaneven$100,soyoucouldcelebrategettingyourwalletback.HAVEFUN!!!"Movedbythetouchinggesture,Hunter"smom,JeannieShamatt,decidedtowriteapostonFacebookgivingadetaileddescriptionoftheincident.Shealsourgedeveryonetosharethepostasshewouldliketomeetandgreetthepersonbehindtheactofkindness,personally.Now,thankstotheastonishingpowerofsocialmedia,thepostfinallyreachedthemanbehindthenote.ThemanwasidentifiedasToddBrownanditwasoneofhisco-workerswhomadesureJeannieShamatt"spostreacheshiscolleague.JeannieturnedtoFacebookagaintothankBrownandhisfamilyforrestoringherfaithinhumanity."Itrytoteachmychildrentodotherightthingsinlife,helppeoplewhenyoucanregardlessoftheoutcome.Thisstoryismoreaboutrestoringfaithinpeoplethananything.Wehearalotofbadnewsbutnotenoughgoodnews.IpersonallywanttothankToddBrownandhiswifeforrestoringfaiththatthereareamazingpeopleoutthere."（1）HowdidHunterShamattgethiswalletback?（2）Whatthingswerefoundinthepackage?A.Awalletandatag.B.Awalletandanote.C.Anoteandatag.D.Amailandatag.（3）HowdidHunter"smomfeelafterreceivingthepackage?A.Touched.B.Uninterested.C.Satisfied.D.Confused.（4）Whatdoestheauthorintendtoconvey?A.Friendship.B.Freedom.C.Kindness.D.Justice.【答案】（1）A （2）B（3）A（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇叙文，叙述了ToddBrown到Hunter的包，将其寄给Hunter的故事。体了ToddBrown善良，拾金不昧的品。（1）考理解。根据第四段中的"JustaweekafterHunter"ssister"swedding,hereceivedapackageinhismail.Andguesswhat?Therewashiswallet!⋯Italsohadahandwrittennote"Hunter,FoundthisonaFrontierflightfromOmahatoDenver—row12,seatFwedgedbetweentheseatandwall.Thoughtyoumightwantitback.Allthebest.Now,⋯thankstotheastonishingpowerofsocialmedia,thepostfinallyreachedthemanbehindthenote.ThemanwasidentifiedasToddBrown"可知，ToddBrown到了Hunter的包，然后将它通的方式寄了Hunter。故A。（2）考理解。根据第四段中的"Andguesswhat?Therewashiswallet!Surprisingly,thewalletwasnottheonlythingthatwasinsidethepackage.ItalsohadahandwrittennoteforHunter"可知，包裹里不有包而且有一便条。故B。（3）考理解。根据倒数第三段中的"Movedbythetouchinggesture,Hunter"smom,JeannieShamatt,decidedtowriteapostonFacebook"可知，Hunter母被ToddBrown拾金不昧的行感了。故A。（4）考推理判断。通全文可知，文章叙述了ToddBrown到Hunter的包，将其寄还给Hunter的故事。个故事体了ToddBrown善良，拾金不昧的品。故C。【点】本考点涉及理解和推理判断两个型的考，是一篇故事，考生需要准确捕捉信息，同根据上下文行推理，从而出正确答案。9．下列短文，从每所的A、B、C和D四个中，出最佳。AbrahamLincoln,aself-taughtlawyer,waselected16thpresidentoftheUnitedStatesinNovember1860,shortlybeforetheoutbreakoftheCivilWar.Lincolnprovedtobeasmartmilitarystrategistandacompetentleader:HisEmancipationProclamation(解放宣言)pavedthewayforslavery"sabolition,whilehisGettysburgAddressstandsasoneofthemostfamousspeechesinAmericanhistory.InApril1865,withtheUniononthebrinkofvictory,AbrahamLincolnwaskilled;hisuntimelydeathmadehimaherotothecauseofliberty,andheiswidelyregardedasoneofthegreatestpresidentsinU.S.history.OnJanuary20,1981,Reagantookoffice.Only69dayslaterhewasshotbyawould-bekiller, butquicklyrecoveredandreturnedtoduty.Hisgraceandwitduringthedangerousincidentcausedhispopularitytosoar.Attheendofhistwotermsinoffice,RonaldReaganviewedwithsatisfactiontheachievementsofhisinnovativeprogramknownastheReaganRevolution,whichaimedtomotivatetheAmericanpeopleandreducetheirrelianceuponGovernment.Hefelthehadfulfilledhiscampaignpledgeof1980torestore"thegreat,confidentroarofAmericanprogressandgrowthandoptimism."WhenGeorgeW.Bush,attheageof54,becamethe43rdpresidentoftheUnitedStates,itwasonlythesecondtimeinAmericanhistorythatapresident"ssonwentontotheWhiteHouse.JohnQuincyAdams,electedthesixthpresidentin1824,wasthesonofJohnAdams,thesecondpresident.WhileJohnAdamshadbroughtuphissontobepresident.GeorgeBush,the41stpresident,insistedhewassurprisedwhentheeldestofhissixchildrenbecameinterestedinpolitics,becamegovernorofTexas,andthenwentontothewhiteHouse.BarackObamaservedasthe44thPresidentoftheUnitedStates.HisstoryistheAmericanstory—valuesfromtheheartland,amiddle-classupbringinginastrongfamily,hardworkandeducationasthemeansofgettingahead,andthebeliefthatalifesoblessedshouldbelivedinservicetoothers.WithafatherfromKenvaandamotherfromKansas,PresidentObamawasborninHawaiionAugust4,1961.Hewasraisedwithhelpfromhisgrandfather,whoservedinPatton"sarmy,andhisgrandmother,whoworkedherwayupfromthesecretarialpooltomiddlemanagementatabank. （1）Ofthefourpresidents,whoisregardedasanexcellentpublicspeaker?A.AbrahamLincoln.B.RonaldReagan.C.GeorgeW.Bush.D.BarackObama.（2）WhenDonaldReaganlefttheWhiteHouse,hefeltthat________.（3）Whichofthefollowingpresidentstookofficefirst?A.GeorgeWBush.B.JohnAdams.C.JohnQuincyAdams.D.GeorgeBush.（4）Ofthefourpresidents,whosuccessfullyrealizedhisAmericanDream?A.AbrahamLincoln.B.RonaldReagan.C.GeorgeW.Bush.D.BarackObama.（5）Ofthefourpresidents,whowasnotabletofinishhistermofservice?A.AbrahamLincoln.B.RonaldReagan.C.GeorgeW.Bush.D.BarackObama.【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）B（4）D（5）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四位美国总统的生平事迹。（1）考查推理判断。根据第一部分中的“HisEmancipationProclamation(解放宣言)pavedthewayforslavery"sabolition,whilehisGettysburgAddressstandsasoneofthemostfamousspeechesinAmericanhistory.可推”断AbrahamLincoln的葛底斯堡演说是美国历史上最著名的演说之一，即可知AbrahamLincoln被认为是一位出色的演说家。故选A。（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Hefelthehadfulfilledhiscampaignpledgeof1980torestore‘thegreat,confidentroarofAmericanprogressandgrowthandoptimism.、’"可知当DonaldReagan离开白宫时，他觉得自己已经实现了1980年的竞选承诺，故选C。（3）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“JohnQuincyAdams,electedthesixthpresidentin1824,wasthesonofJohnAdams,thesecondpresident.西·亚当斯是第二任总统约翰·亚当斯的儿子。可知可知1824年”当选美国第六任总统的约翰JohnAdams为第二任总统，是下列四位·昆总统中最先上台的，故选B。（4）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“HistoryistheAmericanstory—valuesfromtheheartland,amiddle-classupbringinginastrongfamily,hardworkandeducationasthemeansofgettingahead,andthebeliefthatalifesoblessedshouldbelivedinservicetoothers.可”知BarackObama的故事就是美国的故事，他成功地践行了美国人的价值观，实现了他的美国 梦。故选D。（5）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“InApril1865,withtheUniononthebrinkofvictory,AbrahamLincolnwaskilled可知1865”年4月，当联邦处于胜利的边缘时，亚伯拉罕·林肯被杀了，因此没有完成他的任期。故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。10．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。InrecentyearsIhavehadtwoverygoodrolesontelevision:Florence,thewisecrackingmaidontheseriesTheJeffersons,andMary,themotherwhoholdsthingstogetheron227.But17yearsago,in1972whenIwasjustgettingstartedintheaterwork,IthoughtI"dnevermakeitasanactress.Forthatmatter,Icouldn"tevenholdmylifetogetheroraffordahomeofmyown.BackthenIhadaboutasmuchself-confidenceasachickeninafox"snest.IwasrecoveringfromsurgeryandhadbeenoffworkforsixmonthsfrommyjobasaUnitedAirlinesreservationsagent.I"dhadsomebitpartsinlocaltheatergroups,butthosecameandwent,notleadingtoanythingbigger.Worse,asasinglemotherwiththreeyoungsters,Ihadnoplacetolive.MychildrenwerestayingwiththeirfatherwhileIrecoveredinanaunt"sapartment.Lyinginbed,staringhopelesslyatthewall,Ididn"tknowwhattodoorwheretoturn.ThenoneSundaymorningIaimlesslyturnedonthetelevisionset,andtherewereactorRobertYoungandhiswifetalkingabouttheirfaith.Isatrightupinbed.Theysaid,"Whenonedoorcloses,abetteroneopens,"Well,Iwasn"tgoingtojustsitstaringattheclosedone.SoIgotupandtrudged(跋涉)on.Evenifmyshoesworeout,Idecided,myfaithwouldn"t.Later,whenIbeganfillingsmallpartsintelevisionproductions,thatself-confidenceshowed.I"dalwaysdonemybesttoplaytheroleasIthoughtthedirectorwanted,butnowIfoundmyselffreertointerpretit,Iwasmorenatural,moreme.（1）Whatdotheunderlinedwords"holdmylifetogether"inparagraph1probablymean?A.Enjoymylife.B.Supportmyself.C.Abandonmylife.D.Fightagainstmylife.（2）Howdidtheauthorfeelwhensheworkedinthelocaltheater?A.Confident.B.Excited.C.Nervous.D.Disappointed.（3）Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorfromparagraph3?A.Shelivedinherownapartment.B.Shehadtostaywithherfather.C.Shewasconfusedaboutherfuture.D.Shewaslookedafterbyherkids.（4）Whatistheauthor"spurposeofwritingthispassage?A.Toshareherunderstandingoffaithwithus.B.ToprovehersuccessintheTVacting.C.Toshowthankstoherrespectedaunt.D.Totellhowhardshebroughtupherchildren.【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）C （4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了自己如何成为演员的经历。（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“affordahomeofmyown”可知作者当时买不起属于自己的房子，说明她当时的生活很困难，故选B。（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“BackthenIhadaboutasmuchself-confidenceasachickeninafox"snest”知作者那时候很自信。以及根据可“I"dhadsomebitpartsinlocaltheatergroups,butthosecameandwent,notleadingtoanythingbigger.可知作者在当地的剧”院工作时，她的这些工作没有给她带来更大的收获。作者很有自信，但是她在当地剧院的工作却没有带来什么，由此可以推断当时作者是失望的，故选D。（3）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Lyinginbed,staringhopelesslyatthewall,Ididn"tknowwhattodoorwheretoturn.作者躺”在床上，绝望地盯着墙壁，不知道要做什么，也不知道要往哪里去。这说明作者当时对未来很迷茫，故选C。（4）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“Theysaid,‘Whenonedoorcloses,abetteroneopens,’Well,Iwasn"tgoingtojustsitstaringattheclosedone.SoIgotupandtrudged跋(涉)on.Evenifmyshoesworeout,Idecided,myfaithwouldn"t.可知作者”看到电视上的一对明星夫妇说，“当一扇门关闭时，一扇更好的门会打开，”作者就决定她不会只是坐着盯着那扇关上的门。所以她起身跋涉。即使她的鞋子磨损了，她的信仰也不会。作者通过这篇文章和读者分享了她对信仰的理解，故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。