阅读理解(人物故事)练习全集及解析.docx 18页

阅读理解(人物故事)练习全集及解析一、高中英语阅读理解人物故事类1．阅读理解HalfaDayIwalkedalongsidemyfather,holdinghisrighthand.Allmyclotheswerenew:theblackshoes,thegreenschooluniform,andtheredcap.Theydidnotmakemehappy,however,asthiswasthedayIwastobethrownintoschoolforthefirsttime."Whyschool?"Iaskedmyfather."WhathaveIdone?""I"mnotpunishingyou,"hesaid,laughing."School"snotapunishment.It"saplacethatmakesusefulmenoutofboys.Don"tyouwanttobeusefullikeyourbrothers?"Iwasnotconvinced.Ididnotbelievetherewasreallyanygoodtobehadintearingmeawayfrommyhomeandthrowingmeintothehuge,high-walledbuilding.Whenwearrivedatthegatewecouldseethecourtyard,vastandfullofboysandgirls."Goinbyyou,"saidmyfather,"andjointhem.Putasmileonyourfaceandbeagoodexampletoothers."Ihesitatedandsqueezedhishandfirmly,buthegentlypushedmefromhim."Beaman",hesaid."Todayyoutrulybeginlife.Youwillfindmewaitingforyouwhenit"stimetoleave."Itookafewsteps.Thenthefacesoftheboysandgirlscameintoview.Ididnotknowasingleoneofthem,andnoneofthemknewme.IfeltIwasastrangerwhohadlosthisway.Butthensomeboysbegantoglanceatmeincuriosity,andoneofthemcameoverandasked,"Whobroughtyou?""Myfather,"Iwhispered."Myfather"sdead,"hesaidsimply.Ididnotknowwhattosay.Thegatewasnowclosed.Someofthechildrenburstintotears.Thebellrang.Aladycamealongandsaid,"Thisisyournewhome.Therearemothersandfathershere,too.Everythingthatisenjoyableandbeneficialishere.Sodryyourtearsandfacelifejoyfully."Well,itseemedthatmymisgivingshadhadnobasis.FromthefirstmomentsImademanyfriends.Ihadneverimaginedschoolwouldhavethisrichvarietyofexperiences.（1）Onthewaytoschool,theboyfelt.A.happyB.embarrassedC.upsetD.excited（2）Aboutschooling,Fathersuggested.A.wearingasmileB.tearinghimselfawayfromgamesC.waitingforparentsD.throwinghimselftostudying（3）helpedhimmostonthefirstdayatschool.A.TeachersandclassmatesB.CourtyardsandbuildingsC.FatherandbrotherD.Newuniformsandshoes（4）Whatwouldprobablyhappennext?A.Theschoollifewouldturnouttobeafailure.B.Boysintheschoolwouldwatchhimcuriously.C.Hewouldopenupanewjourneyofcolorfullife. D.Hisparentswouldaccompanyhimattheschool.【答案】（1）C（2）A（3）A（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇叙文，作者第一天去学校的候并不开心，但是等他到了学校之后，他交了很多朋友，开始了新的生活。（1）考推理判断。根据第一段中的“Theydidnotmakemehappy,however,asthiswasthedayIwastobethrownintoschoolforthefirsttime.可”知穿新衣服并没有作者开心，因他要第一次被扔学校了；再根据第四段中的“Ididnotbelievetherewasreallyanygoodtobehadintearingmeawayfrommyhomeandthrowingmeintothehuge,high-walledbuilding.可”知作者不相信将他从家中撕裂并被扔座巨大的高建筑（也就是学校）中真的有什么好。合可知作者去学校不好，去学校的路上是不开心的，沮的，故C。（2）考理解。根据第五段中的"Goinbyyou,"saidmyfather,"andjointhem.Putasmileonyourfaceandbeagoodexampletoothers."可知作者的父他："去吧，加入他的行列。面微笑，成他人的好榜。"也就是作者的父他面微笑，故A。（3）考推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“Aladycamealongandsaid,"Thisisyournewhome.⋯andfacelifejoyfully.；以及最后一”段中的"Well,itseemedthatmymisgivingshadhadnobasis.FromthefirstmomentsImademanyfriends.可知老来“作者他了一番，作者听了番之后得之前自己的是毫无根据的，打消了。他一开始就交到了很多朋友。明老帮助作者在学校的第一天得很好，他的同学也和他成了朋友。故A。（4）考推理判断。根据最后一段中的”FromthefirstmomentsImademanyfriends.Ihadneverimaginedschoolwouldhavethisrichvarietyofexperiences.可知从一开始我就交“了很多朋友。我从未想象学校会有如此丰富的。由此推断之后作者会在学校开始新的生活，会有丰富的，故C。【点】本考点涉及理解和推理判断两个型的考，是一篇故事，考生需要准确掌握信息，并根据上下文行推理，从而出正确答案。2．理解Formostofherlife,SuanneLaqueur"spassionforstorytellingwasshownonthedancefloor.AlthoughLaqueurbeganwritingatayoungage,dancingalwaystookcenterstage.ShemajoredindanceandtheateratAlfredUniversityandtaughtathermother"sdancestudioinCroton-on-Hudson,NewYork,foryears.ButwhenhermotherwasreadytoretireandanopportunityopenedforLaqueurtotakeoverthestudio,sherealizedshehadnointerestintakingonthebusinesssideofherart:"Owningastudioisalotofwork—financially,logistically.Ilovetheteaching,thechoreographing(舞),thestaging,butIdidn"twanttoownit."YetLaqueur"sdisinterestinrunningthestudiochangedwhenshebecameaself-publishedauthor.Inthefallof2013,shedecidedtopursueSelf-publishingasawayofsharingherfirstcompletednovelwithfriendsandfamily.Duringtheprocess,sherealizedthatfollowinghertrue passion—tellingstoriesthroughwriting—madethebusinessoftheartworthwhile,andowningthatbusinessmeantshecoulddirectherwritingcareerhowevershechose.Startingwithhersecondself-publishednovel,shebeganinvestingmoretimeinmarketingandbuildingheraudience.Herinvestmentpaidoff.Since2014,Laqueur,now49,hasself-publishedsixnovels,whichcollectivelyhavehundredsofratingsandreviewsonGoodreads.Her2016novelAnExaltationofLarksstoletheshowatthe25thAnnualWriter"sDigestSelf-PublishedBookAwards,toppingmorethan2,300entriestowinthegrandprize."Youhavetowritethemosttruthfulstorytoyou,andIthinkself-publishingallowsthatfreedom,"shesays."Ifyouworkwithtraditionalpublishing,it"smoreaboutwhat"smarketable,Therearetrade-offs,whicheveryonewilltellyou,butbyself-publishingIhavecontrolofthebook,Ihavecontrolofthestory,andI"mcoolwiththat."（1）FromParagraph2,wecanlearnthatLaqueur_______.（2）WhatmadeLaqueurchangeherattitudetobusiness?A.Hermother"spersuasion.B.Thedesiretomakemoney.C.Self-publishinghernovels.D.Herownpassiontowardart.（3）Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplacethephrase"stoletheshow"inParagraph4?A.becameafailure.B.wasshowntopeople.C.gotalltheattention.D.wasaccidentallystolen.（4）WhatcanbeinferredfromwhatLaqueur"ssaid?A.Self-publishingwillreplacetraditionalpublishing.B.Shewillneverusetraditionalpublishing.C.Traditionalpublishingonlyfocusesonthemarket.D.Sheenjoysthewayofself-publishing.【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）C（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，苏安妮·拉克尔大半生教舞蹈，设计舞蹈，在舞台表演，以舞蹈的形式讲述故事。后来，成为一名自主出版的作家，自费出版了自己的小说。2016年，她的小说《云雀的狂欢》在第25届《作家文摘》(Writer"sDigest)自出版图书奖上大出风头。（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“AlthoughLaqueurbeganwritingatayoungage,dancingalwaystookcenterstage.ShemajoredindanceandtheateratAlfredUniversityandtaughtathermother"sdancestudioinCroton-on-Hudson,可”知，跳舞始终是Laqueur的中心。她在阿尔弗雷德大学主修舞蹈和戏剧，并在她母亲的舞蹈工作室任教多年。可知，Laqueur是一个兼职作家。故选A。（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“YetLaqueur"sdisinterestinrunningthestudiochanged 可知，当她成为”C。whenshebecameaself-publishedauthor.Inthefallof2013,shedecidedtopursueSelf-publishingasawayofsharingherfirstcompletednovelwithfriendsandfamily.一名自主出版的作家，想出版自己的小说时，改变了她对商业的态度。故选（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Her2016novelAnExaltationofLarksstoletheshowatthe25thAnnualWriter"sDigestSelf-PublishedBookAwards,toppingmorethan2,300entriestowinthegrandprize.可”知“第25届年度作家文摘出版图书颁奖上，2300多篇作品获得了大奖”。可知，这是大出风头，吸引了所有人的关注，故选C。（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段Laqueur所言“Therearetrade-offs,whicheveryonewilltellyou,butbyself-publishingIhavecontrolofthebook,Ihavecontrolofthestory,andI"mcoolwiththat.可”知，她认为自主出版的方式让她能出版自己的书，自己要写的故事。她对此很满意。分析选项可知D项符合题意，故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。3．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。FriendsalwaysaskwhyI,amiddle-agedwomanwithnoathletictalent,traveltoperilousplaces—thejunglesofThailandorBorneo,forexample,wherethewaterisoftenunsafeandthefoodrisky;placeswithinfectiousdiseases,poisonoussnakesandthewildestanimals;someplaceswherethelocalsarejustafewgenerationspastheadhunting.Ineverknowhowtoanswer.MytraveldecisionsassumedanewgravitynineyearsagoafterIsufferedastroke.Topreventanotherstroke,mydoctorstoldme,I"dhavetotakedangerouslyhighlevelsofbloodthinner(血液稀释剂)fortherestofmylifeandanytravelwouldberisky.Ihadtothinkaboutwhatwasimportanttome:family,ofcourse,andfriends.Butthenwhat?NomatterhowmanytimesIthoughtaboutit,nobucketlistwascompletewithouttravel.ThenIhadtodecidehowImightmanagetherisk.IhadtodecidehowluckyIfelt.Myreturntotravelaftermystrokecameinbabysteps.ThefirstrealtestofmytravelcouragecameninemonthsaftermystrokewhenIjoinedmyhusband,Jack,onabusinesstriptoChina.Afterwe"dtouredtheremainsofaTangdynastytempleonahighmountain,Jackwantedtoridedownonatoboggan(长雪橇).Beforethestrokeitwould"veseemedlikefun.Butnow?Ihesitated.Mymentalklaxon(高音喇叭)screamedwarningsabouttheconsequencesofacut,afall,andacrash.Then,gainingconfidencefromwhoknowswhere,Iloweredmyselfcarefullyintothetoboggan,whichmarkedmyadventuretravelcomeback.Intheyearssincethen,I"vetraveledabouttwenty-fivepercentofthetime.Throughitall,mylucksheldout—nodeadlyfalls,nocaraccidentsorseriousinfections.Forme,adventuretravelisariskworthtaking.Travelbroadensmyworldandkeepsmeconnectedtonature.What"smore,saying"yes"totravelkeepsmeconnectedtomyself.（1）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"perilous"inParagraph1probablymean?A.Unique.B.Dangerous.C.Historical.D.Famous.（2）Whatdidthedoctorsadvisetheauthortodo? A.Doproperexercise.B.Enjoytherestofherlife.C.Keepawayfromtraveling.D.Spendmoretimewithherfamily.（3）WhydidtheauthormentionhertraveltoChina?（4）Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.AbusinesstriptoChinaB.UniquetravelexperiencesC.WhyIstilltraveltothewildD.HowIovercamethefearofdisease【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）B（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了去中国的一次旅行。（1）考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的“thejunglesofThailandorBorneo,forexample,wherethewaterisoftenunsafeandthefoodrisky;placeswithinfectiousdiseases,poisonoussnakesandthewildestanimals;someplaceswherethelocalsarejustafewgenerationspastheadhunting.例“如，泰国或婆罗洲的丛林，那里的水往往不安全，食物也很危险；有传染病、毒蛇和野生动物的场所；有些地方的本地人刚刚过了猎头的时代。”可推知划线词的意思是“危险的”。故选B。（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Topreventanotherstroke,mydoctorstoldme,I"dhavetotakedangerouslyhighlevelsofbloodthinner(血液稀释剂)fortherestofmylifeandanytravelwouldberisky.我”的医生告诉我，为了防止再次中风，我的余生都必须服用高剂量的危险血液稀释剂，任何旅行都是有风险的。”可知，医生建议作者远离旅行。故选C。（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“ThefirstrealtestofmytravelcouragecameninemonthsaftermystrokewhenIjoinedmyhusband,Jack,onabusinesstriptoChina.中风九个月”后，我和丈夫杰克一起去中国出差，这是对我旅行勇气的第一次真正考验。”可知，作者之所以提到她的中国之行是因为她通过这件事恢复了勇气。故选B。（4）考查主旨大意。根据最后一段中的“Forme,adventuretravelisariskworthtaking.Travelbroadensmyworldandkeepsmeconnectedtonature.What"smore,saying"yes"totravelkeepsmeconnectedtomyself.对”我来说，冒险旅行是值得冒险的。旅行开阔了我的世界，使我与大自然保持联系。更重要的是，对旅行说“是”让我和自己保持联系。”可知，本文讲述的是去中国的一次旅行。故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。4．阅读理解Openwaterswimming Ihadonlyswuminopenwaterafewtimes,andalwaysingentlelakes,soIwasn"tpreparedforhowroughLakeWindermereappearedonacoldday.Aswimmertoldmethewaterfeltcolderthanithadbeenmeasured,andthatthewaterwasabitrough.ButI,alongwith10,000others,wasabouttocompletethechallenge.Mostofthepeopletakingpartweredoingaone-milerace,and10raceswereplannedovertheweekend.Thereseemedtobeamixofopen-waterenthusiastsalongsidecompletebeginners—whichispreciselytheaimoftheswims,togetasmanypeopleaspossiblecompletingtheirownchallenge.Theoldestwomancompetingwas77,takingpartinthetwo-milerace,alongsideamanwholastyearhadswumineveryone-milerace.Ihadchosenthethirdone-mileraceoftheday.Therewereover600peopleinmyrace.Weweretakenthroughanacclimatizationareaachildren"spaddlingpool-sizedpartofthelakewherewemovedintofeelhowcoldthewaterwas."Nottoobad"waseveryone"sthought!Thenweheadedouttowardsthemiddleofthelake.We"dbeenwarnedthatthefirst100metreswouldbereallyrough.However,somewherenearthe750mmarkIwasstillwaitingforthecalm;itfeltmorelikeswimmingintheseathanalake.Itriedtofocusonmybreathingandtechnique,andjustkeepgoing.AsIapproachedthe400m-to-gomarkmylowerrightlegbecamepainful.Irecalledoverhearingpeopletalkingabouthowtheykeptswimmingthroughthepain,soItried.Butitdidn"twork.Ibegantofeeltheentirelegtightandpainful.Ididn"twanttostop,soIbentmyrightkneeandjustkickedwiththeleftleg.FinallyIsawthefinishingpost,andIjustconcentratedongettingthere—stillone-legged.Myfinishingtimewas38minutes25secondsbutthatdidn"tmatter—theatmospherewasfantasticandeveryonefeltasenseofachievement,whatevertheirtime.I"mhooked,andwanttogiveitanothergo.I"vealreadysignedupformynextopen-waterswim. （1）Howdidtheauthorfeelbeforetherace?A.Scaredofthemostchallengingrace.B.Disappointedbythedifficultconditions.C.Concernedabouttheotherswimmersintherace.（2）WhydoestheauthormentionthetwopeopleinParagraph2?（3）TheauthorsuggestsinParagraph4that______.（4）Whatdoestheauthortalkaboutinthelastparagraph?A.Herconfidenceinherownability.B.Herprideinhavingswumsoquickly.C.Hereagernesstorepeattheexperience.D.Hersurpriseathavingmanagedtofinish. 【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）B（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了参加一英里的天然水域游泳的经历，最终成功到达终点线。（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“ButI,alongwith10,000others,wasabouttocompletethechallenge.可知”，我马上和其他很坚定要完成这项运动，故选D。10000名游泳者完成这项挑战，故可知，他们（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Thereseemedtobeamixofopen-waterenthusiastsalongsidecompletebeginners—whichispreciselytheaimoftheswims,togetasmanypeopleaspossiblecompletingtheirownchallenge.Theoldestwomancompetingwas77,takingpartinthetwo-milerace,alongsideamanwholastyearhadswumineveryone-milerace.可知”，参赛者包括天然水域游泳的爱好者，也包括初学者，也有很多人完成自己的挑战，这里面就有77岁参加2英里游泳的老人，也有去年参加一英里的男子，故可知，该比赛参与者范围很广，故选C。（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Irecalledoverhearingpeopletalkingabouthowtheykeptswimmingthroughthepain,soItried.Butitdidn"twork.Ibegantofeeltheentirelegtightandpainful.可”知，我想起了那些人提及的克服水中抽筋的技巧，但是没有作用，我感觉整条腿开始紧张疼痛，故可知，这次比赛比她想象的要艰难，故选（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“I"mhooked,andwantB。togiveitanothergo.I"vealreadysignedupformynextopen-waterswim.可”知，我被吸引住了，想要再尝试一次，准备好为下一次游泳比赛报名，故可知，作者为完成比赛而感到兴奋，也喜欢上了这项运动，故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。5．阅读理解Ibelieveinthepowerofsciencefiction,notjustforitscapacitytotransformdreamsintoreality,butalsoforitspowertobondtogetherthosewhoshareacommonvisionofthefuture.Forme,that"strueformyrelationshipwithmydad.Somefathersandsonsbondoversports,fishingorhunting,butmydadandIbondoverStarTrek.WetriedatriptoDisneyWorld,butoneofmyearliestmemorieswasn"tMickey,butaKlingonbattlecruiser(巡洋)onthescreen.Overtheyears,nearlyeverysettingandsituationhasbecomefarawayformydadandme.Whenit"swarmatnight,we"renotdrivingalongsomedarkstreetsinIndiana,butgoingataslowspeedwithstarsdimlyshining.Bothofusarethinkingofthem,withoutneedingtosayaword.Allthesevisionsofotheruniverseshavetogethercreatedaprivateuniverseformydadandme.GeneRodenberry,creatorofStarTrek,oncesaid,"Sciencefictionisawayofthinking,awayoflogicthatbypasses(绕过)alotofnonsense.Itallowspeopletolookdirectlyatimportantsubjects."Alifetimeofsciencefictionhasinfluencedmorethanjustmyrelationshipwithmydad,buthas alsohelpedmeshapemyownhopesforthefuture.I"mnowasciencewriter.Yes,sciencefictionhasmademeintoa"nerd"(书呆子),anditalsohasbeenasourceofjoyformyfamily,makingmeanoptimistwhileenablingmetothinkcriticallyaboutthedangeroftechnology.Thankthoseauthorswhohavesharedtheirvisions;theworldandmyfamilyarebetterforit.Thankmydad,whoisboththebeststorytellerandthebestmanIhaveeverknownbecausehehelpedmerealizethetruthofTennyson"swords,"SinceIdippedintothefuture,Isawthevisionoftheworld,andallthewondersthatwouldbe."（1）Whatisthespecialbondbetweentheauthorandhisfather?A.Theirsimilardreams.B.Theirloveforeachother.C.Theircommoninterest.D.Theirpassionforscience.（2）Whatdoestheauthormainlyshowinparagraph2?A.Hisdeepimpressiononhisdad.B.Hisfeelingofstayingwithhisdad.C.Hisearliestmemoryofhisdad.D.Hisgoodrelationshipwithhisdad.（3）Howdoessciencefictionhelptheauthoratpresent?A.Itleadshimtopursueadesirablecareer.B.Itbringshimthecouragetolivebetter.C.Ithelpshimsolvethedangeroftechnology.D.Itmakeshimbecomeasourceofhisfamily"sjoy.（4）Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?A.TheWondersofScienceB.ThePowerofScienceFictionC.TheVersionsofScienceFictionD.TheTimetogetherwithMyFather【答案】（1）C（2）D（3）A（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者和父亲都热爱科幻小说，它不仅帮助作者与父亲建立了深厚的感情，而且帮助作者实现了梦想。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“butmydadandIbondoverStarTrek.WetriedatriptoDisneyWorld,butoneofmyearliestmemorieswasn"tMickey,butaKlingonbattlecruiser(巡洋)onthescreen.”可知，作者与父亲都喜欢看科幻小说，故选C。（2）考查推理判断。第二段举例说明尽管时过境迁，但作者与父亲的关系依旧非常好，故选D。（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Alifetimeofsciencefictionhasinfluencedmorethanjustmyrelationshipwithmydad,buthasalsohelpedmeshapemyownhopesforthefuture.I"mnowasciencewriter.可”知科幻小说促使作者追求自己想要的职业，并帮助他成为一名科学作家，故选A。（4）考查主旨大意。第一段中的“Ibelieveinthepowerofsciencefiction,notcapacitytotransformdreamsintoreality,butalsoforitspowertobondtogethershareacommonvisionofthefuture.点名了主题”，说明了科幻小说的力量，故选justforitsthosewhoB。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅 读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。6．阅读理解Ifwewanttofindoutwhatkindoftechnologypeopleusedinthepast,wenormallyhavetorelyonarchaeologiststofindruinedbuildingsandpartsoftoolsorinstrumentsormachines.Archaeologiststhentrytoreconstruct,sometimeswiththehelpofcomputertechnology,whattheseancientbuildingsandobjectsmusthavelookedlike,andhowtheymighthavebeenmade.Sometimeshistoriansareluckyandfindanancientdocumentwithawrittendescriptionoftheseancientbuildingsandobjects.Wecanunderstand,then,whyChinesehistoriansweresoexcitedwhentheyfoundcavepaintingswhichshowancientscience.Theyfoundthesepaintingsintheworld-renownedMogaoGrottoesofDunhuangCity,inNorthwestChina"sGansuProvince.Thereare500man-madecavesandtheyhavesurvivedforatleast1,600years.Almostallofthesecaveshavepaintingsontheirceilingsorwallsandtheydatefromthe4thto14thcenturies.WangJinyuisanexpertonthesecavepaintings(alsocalledfrescoes)andhesays:"Wediscoveredfrescoescontainingscientificandtechnologicalcontentinalmostallofthecaveswhichhavefrescoes."WhatisremarkableaboutthesecavepaintingsaccordingtotheXinhuaNewsAgencyisthattheyprovideevidenceof"scientificandtechnologicalinventionsbyancientChineseinmaths,physics,chemistry,astronomy,geography,agronomy,architecture,textiles,trafficandtransportation,armsandmilitaryequipmentandmedicalsciences".Amongthediscoveriesexpertshavemadearecavepaintingsshowingancienttechniquesofpotterymakingandwineproductionandpaintingsshowingancientweavingmachinesandthentoothbrushes!Thepaintingsalsogivesomeevidenceofthelifestyleatthetimewith,forexample,picturesofpeopleboilingmilkover1,000yearsago.Expertsbelievethatthereismoreevidencetobefound,butevennowthecavesareawonderfulnaturalmuseum.Ifthewallsandceilingsofthecaveswereallputtogethertheywouldformatapestry20kilometerslongand2metershigh!Itwon"tbepossibletotravelbackintime-thatonlyhappensinfilms-butvisitingthesecaveswouldbethenearestexperienceyoucouldgettotravellingbackintime.（1）WhywereChinesehistoriansexcitedwhentheyfoundcavepaintingsshowingancientscience?（2）TheMogaoGrottoesofDunhuangCity______.A.have500man-madecavesB.havebeenthereforatmost1,600yearsC.helpustoknowlittleaboutancientscienceD.havepaintingsontheirceilingsineverycave（3）Expertshaddiscoveredcavepaintingsshowingtheancienttechniquesof______. A.potterymakingandwineproductionB.weavingmachinesandtoothbrushesC.boilingmilkover1,000yearsagoD.architectureandweaving（4）Thearticleismorelikelytobeselectedfromthemagazine______.A.ModernCountriesB.BusinessWorldC.NetworkWorldD.PopularScience【答案】（1）C（2）A（3）A（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了科学家们在中国甘肃的敦煌莫高窟的洞穴中发现了反映古代科学的壁画。（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"WhatisremarkableaboutthesecavepaintingsaccordingtotheXinhuaNewsAgencyisthattheyprovideevidenceof"scientificandtechnologicalinventionsbyancientChineseinmaths,physics,chemistry,astronomy,geography,agronomy,architecture,textiles,trafficandtransportation,armsandmilitaryequipmentandmedicalsciences"可知，这些壁画为中国古代在数学、物理、化学、天文，地理、建筑以及农学等领域的科技发明提供了证据，由此可知科学家们对此感到很兴奋的原因是他们可以通过这些壁画了解古代的科学，故选C。（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"Thereare500man-madecavesandtheyhavesurvivedforatleast1,600years."可知，敦煌莫高窟有500个人工洞穴，故选A。（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"Amongthediscoveriesexpertshavemadearecavepaintingsshowingancienttechniquesofpotterymakingandwineproductionandpaintings"可知，科学家发现壁画中展示了古代制陶和酿酒技术，故选A。（4）考查推理判断。纵观全文可知，本文介绍了科学家们在中国甘肃敦煌莫高窟的洞穴中发现了反映古代科学的壁画，这属于科学范畴，因此文章最有可能出自科学杂志，故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。7．Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.ThebusscreamedtoastopinNazareth,Israel.FiveAustralianbackpackersboardedandstruckupaconversationwithme.Theyaskedtypicaltravelers"questions—wherewasIgoingandwhywasItravelingalone?Myplanwastotravelwithafriendofafriend,Iexplained,butwhenIcalledherthatmorning,shedidn"tpickupandIhadnootherwaytoreachher.Mystomachwasinknots,butIdecidedtoheadoutanyway,thinkingImightrunintoherifItraveledtoTiberius,wherewehadplannedtogotogether."Whydon"tyoutravelwithus?"oneofthebackpackersoffered.Theywereexperiencedadventurerswhowouldworkforafewmonths,save,thentravelforaslongastheycould.TheircurrentplanwastoexploretheMiddleEastandEuropeinthreemonthswhileworkinginLondon.Itseemedriskytotravelwithstrangers,butmyinstinctsaidyes.Forthenexttwoweeks,I exploredIsraelwiththebackpackersandlearnedtotrustmyinstinctsinalltypesofnewandinterestingsituations.Whentheyhookaride,Itookthebus,butwhentheywantedtostealintotheKingDavidHotel"sswimmingpool,Iledtheway.TheworldopeneduptomebecauseIchosetotravelalone.Ijoinedcompletestrangers,whobecomeclosefriends.Yearslater,onecouplefromthebackpackinggroupevenflewfromSydneytoPhoenixtobeinmywedding.Thetripwassuchaspecialexperiencethatitgavemeconfidenceinallareasofmylife.Sincethen,I"vebackpackedaloneacrossSouthAfrica,sky-divedfrom12,000feetinNewZealandandevenmovedacrosstheU.S.withnojoblinedup.OnmythirddaywanderinginIsraelwithmynewfriends,IbumpedintothewomanIwassupposedtomeet.ThoughIwashappyshewasallright,Iwasgratefulshehadn"tpickedupthephone.（1）By"Mystomachwasinknots"(inparagraph1),theauthormostlikelymeansthatshewas______.A.sickofridingonabumpybusB.nervousofmeetingstrangersC.upsetaboutthesuddenchangeD.sorryabouttheimpracticalplan（2）Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthebackpackerstheauthormet?A.Courageousbutdisrespectful.B.Joblessandpoorlyeducated.C.Warmheartedandtrustworthy.D.Homelessbutlighthearted.（3）Theauthor"ssixthsensetoldherthat______.（4）Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Mostofthebackpackersbecametheauthor"slifelongfriends.B.Theauthorgatheredthecouragetobeafulltimebackpacktraveler.C.Thewomanmissedthephonecallwiththepurposeoftravelingalone.D.Theauthorconsidereditthebestdecisionofherlifetotravelonherown.【答案】（1）C（2）C（3）A（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者原本与朋友约好去旅游，却被放了鸽子，她决定一个人去。途中她遇见了五个背包客，这些背包客邀请她一起去旅游，她和这些人一起经历了美好的几天，并和他们成了好朋友。（1）考查句义猜测。根据第一段中的"Myplanwastotravelwithafriendofafriend,Iexplained,butwhenIcalledherthatmorning,shedidn"tpickupandIhadnootherwaytoreachher."可知作者被朋友放鸽子了，被放鸽子肯定是失望的，故选C。（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"‘Whydon"tyoutravelwithus?’oneofthebackpackersoffered"可知这些背包客邀请作者一起旅游，说明他们很热心；根据"Theywereexperiencedadventurerswhowouldworkforafewmonths,save,thentravelforaslongastheycould"可知这 些背包客旅游经验很丰富，所以是值得信任的，综合选C。（3）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"Itseemedriskytotravelwithstrangers,butmyinstinctsaidyes."可知这些背包客邀请作者一起旅游时，她的本能也就是第六感说了"好"，也就是说她的第六感让她相信她能和这些背包客相处的很好，才会答应他们的邀请，故选A。（4）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的"TheworldopeneduptomebecauseIchosetotravelalone."可知作者觉得自己选择一个人旅游让自己看到了更大的世界，以及最后一段中的"ThoughIwashappyshewasallright,Iwasgratefulshehadn"tpickedupthephone."者庆幸她的朋友没有接她的电话。由此可以判断作者认为自己选择一个人去旅行是一个很好的决定，故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及句义猜测和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。可知作8．阅读理解High-WireActMickeyWilsonhadbeenonthemountainonlyafewsecondswhenheheardthescream.Wilson,28yearsold,hadjustgottenoffthecablecar(索道缆车)attheArapahoeBasinSkiAreainKeystone,Colorado,alongwithhisfriendsBillySimmonsandHansMueller.TheirfriendRichardhadbeenonthecablecaraheadofthem,butwhenthemenreachedthetopofthelift,hehaddisappeared.Themenwalkedtowardthesourceofthescreamandfoundskiersstoppedontheslope,pointingtothecablecar.Andthenthefriendsscreamedtoo."Oh,Richard!"yelledMueller.WhenRichardhadtriedtojumpoffthecablecar,hisbackpackhadbeencaughtinthechair,whichthendraggedhimbackdownthehill.Intheprocess,thebackpackbelttwistedaroundhisneck,makinghimbreathless.NowRichard"sbodywasswingingfourfeetabovethesnow.Thecablecaroperatorhadquicklystoppedit,andthefriendskickedofftheirskisandrantowardthescene.TheymadeahumanpyramidtotrytoreachRichard,buttheunconsciousmanwastoofarofftheground.Withtheclockticking,Wilsonrantotheladderofanearbylifttower.Scaredskierswatchedashestruggledthe25feet.Afterhereachedthetop,Wilson"sfirstchallengewastoclimbontothetwo-inchsteelcablethatheldthechairs.Hehandledthebalanceandheightbravely,butheknewhecouldnotwalkonthecable.Therefore,hecalmeddownandsatoveritandthenusedhishandstopullhimselftoRichardquickly.Wilson"sgreatestfearwasn"tthathe"dfall,butthathewouldn"treachRichard."Thiswaslifeordeath,"hesaid.WhenhereachedRichard"schair,Wilsonswungalegoverthecableandattemptedtodropdownontoit.Butashedidthat,hisjacketcaughtonthemovablefootrest,whichwasintheupposition.Thefootrestbegantoslidedown,withWilsonattached.Butbeforethatcouldhappen,hemanagedtofreehimselfandreachedRichard.Fortunately,theskipatrol(巡查)hadgatheredbelowandperformedemergencytreatmentonRichard,whohadbeenhangingforaboutfiveminutes,thenskiedhimdowntoanambulance.Thatnight,RichardcalledfromthehospitaltoexpresshisthankstoWilson,hisotherfriendsandtheworkersattheArapahoeBasinSkiArea.（1）WhathappenedtoRichardwhenhetriedtojumpoffthecablecar? A.Hewassickandbecameunconscious.B.Helefthisskiswhichstoppedthecablecar.C.Hewastooafraidtomoveforwardinthecablecar.D.Hewascaughtbytheneck,hangingdownthecable.（2）HowdidRichardsurvive?A.Peopleworkedtogetherandsavedhim.B.Wilsonclimbedonthecableandsavedhim.C.Theskipatrolgothimdownandtreatedhim.D.Skierstreatedhimandcarriedhimtothehospital.（3）Theauthorwrotethefourthparagraphtoshowthat.A.therescueprocesswasdangerousB.somethingwaswrongwiththecablecarC.WilsoncouldmanagetheprocessverywellD.theoperatorofthecablecarignoredhisduty（4）ThestoryattheArapahoeBasinSkiAreamainlytellsus.A.itisverydangeroustogoskiingB.hethatclimbshighoftenfallsheavilyC.braveryandcalmcanhelpyoumakeadifferenceD.apersonwithagreattalentalwayshasgreatwill-power【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）A（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇叙文，MickeyWilson和他的两个朋友乘坐索道上山的程中，其中一个朋友出了事故。在那个万分急的刻MickeyWilson不身地去救人。（1）考理解。根据第三段中的"WhenRichardhadtriedtojumpoffthecablecar,hisbackpackhadbeen⋯swingingfourfeetabovethesnow"可知，背包住了Richard的脖子把他在半空，也他呼吸困。故D。（2）考理解。根据最后一段中的“Thatnight,RichardcalledfromthehospitaltoexpresshisthankstoWilson,hisotherfriendsandtheworkersattheArapahoeBasinSkiArea.那天晚上，Richard从医院打表达Wilson，其他朋友和ArapahoeBasinSkiArea的工作人感，可知，Wilson，otherfriends和workersattheArapahoeBasinSkiArea都他施以援手,是他的共同努力救了他。故A。（3）考推理判断。根据第四段“WhenhereachedRichard"schair,Wilsonswungalegoverthecableandattemptedtodropdownontoit.Butashedidthat,hisjacketcaughtonthemovablefootrest,whichwasintheupposition.Thefootrestbegantoslidedown,withWilsonattached.Butbeforethatcouldhappen,hemanagedtofreehimselfandreachedRichard.当威”触到理德的椅子，他把一条腿甩，跳到上面。但是当他那做的候，他的克被活脚踏板挂住了。脚踏板在上面，然后挂着威开始向下滑。但他 及时让自己摆脱困境，够到了理查德，这段主要描述了Wilson救人的经过，且场面惊险，稍有不慎可能威尔逊自己也会受伤，所以这段描写主要突出救人的危险。故选A。（4）考查推理判断。根据文章大意可知，Wilson能在那个危急时刻去求Richard表现他的勇敢；在5分钟内能想到可行的方法，说明Richard处乱不惊，沉着冷静。综上所述，面临危险勇敢，冷静才能化险为夷。故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。9．阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。ForKimDuffy,sendingawayherteenagedaughterwasthebesthopeforsavingthegirl"slife.Corinne,then17,hadbeenstrugglingwithbulimia(贪食症)andanorexia(厌食症)formorethanfiveyears.Duffyandherhusband,Terry,foundaresidentialfacilityinVirginia,andCorinnesignedonforatwo-monthstayinthesummerof2009.Today,Corinne"shealthyandpursuingamaster"sdegreeinColorado.Sheandherparentsbelievetheholistic(整体)approachandindividualizedfocuswerekeytoherrecovery.Andtheyknowtheyhadaccesstouniqueresources."Wewerefortunate,"saysDuffy."Wecouldpayforeverything."Butmanycan"t.AccordingtoareportreleasedinNovember2014bytheStandingCommitteeontheStatusofWomen,between600,000andonemillionCanadianssufferfromaneatingdisorder.Publicinpatientprogramsoftenwon"tadmitpatientsuntilthey"reinlife-threateningcondition.Privateclinicsoftenhavealongwaitlistsandhighcosts-atHomewood,inGuelph,Ont.,aroomis$305to$360perday.TheDuffs"struggleledthentoconnectotherfamilieswiththequalityofcaretheyreceivedintheUnitedSates.Inlate2013,heyfoundedtheWaterStoneClinic,aprivateeatingdisordercenterinToronto.Sincethefacilityopened,170clientshavereceivedtreatment.Theytakeyoga,doarttherapyandparticipateinmealpreparation,buildingreal-lifeskillswithasupportteam.Programsrunweekdaysfrom8a.m.to2p.m.,andnotably,sofarWaterStonehasnowaitinglist.Butthisapproachiscostly:approximately$650perday.RealizingthatthepricetagputsWaterStoneoutofreachformany,theDuffyscreatedtheWaterStoneFoundation-acharitythatprovidesaidtopatientswhocan"taffordtreatmentthefollowingyear.Candidatesareassessedbytwocommitteesthatmakeadecisionbasedonclinicalandfinancialneed.Since2014,thefoundationhashelped100people.Duffyalsowantstochangethepublicsystem.InJuneofthisyear,thefoundationawarded＄170,000tofourOntariohopitalsofferingcreativetreatmenttoeatingdisorderpatients."Yes,peopleneedprivatetreatment,"shesays,"butit"simportanttohelpoutonabroaderscale,too."（1）WhydidDuffythinktheywerefortunate?A.Theyhadenoughmoneytotravelabroad.B.Theycouldaffordthemedicalresources.C.Theyhappenedtofindarighthospital.D.Theymetveryexperienceddoctors.（2）WhatcanweinferfromParagraph3?A.Publichospitalscannottreatpatientswitheatingdisorder. B.ManypeoplediefromeatingdisorderinCanadianpublichospitals.C.Alotofeatingdisorderpatientshavenoaccesstopropertreatment.D.Inprivateclinicseatingdisorderpatientswillreceivetimelytreatment.（3）WhichofthefollowingpatientswillreceivehelpfromWaterStoneFoundation?（4）WhatdoweknowfromDuffy"swordsinthelastparagraph?A.Onlyprivateclinicscangivepropertreatmenttothepatients.B.Treatmentofthediseaseinpublichospitalsshouldbeimproved.C.Shewantstocooperatewithpublichospitalstohelpthepatients.D.Publichospitalsshoulddomoretohelppeoplewitheatingdisorder.【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）A（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇叙文，一加拿大夫了帮助有食症和食症的病人而立了私人所以及帮助病患者而立慈善机构的故事。体了人要相互关互相帮助的人文思想。（1）考理解。根据第二段中的"Wewerelucky.Wecouldpayforeverything."可知，他支付得起医用，因此感到很幸运，故B。（2）考推理判断。根据第三段中的“Butmanycan"t.AccordingtoareportreleasedinNovember2014bytheStandingCommitteeontheStatusofWomen,between600,000andonemillionCanadianssufferfromaneatingdisorder.Publicinpatientprogramsoftenwon"tadmitpatientsuntilthey"reinlife-threateningcondition.可”知，但是很多人都支付不起笔用，很多人患有食，住院部只会收那些有生命危的病人，而私人所的用却很高昂，可知很多人不能享受医服，故C。（3）考理解。根据倒数第二段中的"⋯acharitythatprovidesaidtopatientswhocan"taffordtreatment以⋯"及"Candidatesareassessedbytwocommitteesthatmakeadecisionbasedonclinicalandfinancialneed"。足两个条件就可以得WaterStoneFoundation的助：付不起款的，并且病状重者，故A。（4）考推理判断。根据最后一段中的"⋯butit"simportanttohelpoutonabroaderscale意思是在更大范内的病人提供帮助是重要的。言外之意就是公立医院更多的帮助病人，故D。【点】本考点涉及理解和推理判断两个型的考，是一篇故事，考生需要准确捕捉信息，并根据上下文行推理，从而出正确答案。⋯"10．短文，从每所的A、B、C和D四个中，出最佳。Althoughtheideaof"zeroemissionnetcarbon-positive,sustainable(可持)"development waspromotedworldwide,mostcitiesareatalosswhattodoorevensomehaveobjectedtoit.ButinLiuzhou,acityinsouthernChina,attitudescouldnotbemoredifferent.TheLiuzhouMunicipalityUrbanPlanningBureauhassignedupItalianarchitectStefanoBoeri,thefatheroftheforestcitymovement,tobuildaself-containedcommunityforupto30,000people.Heisthego-tomanforsuchprojectsthankstothesuccessofhis"verticalforests",tworesidential(住宅的)towers.Completedin2014,theyremoveupto17.5tonsofsoot(煤烟)fromtheaireachyear,andayearlateroneofthemwasnamedBestTallBuildingWorldwide.TheLiuzhouprojectisamuchmoreambitiousundertaking,however.Itshomes,hospitals,hotels,schoolsandofficeswillbebuiltona340-acresiteinwhatBoericallsthefirstattempttocreatean"urbanenvironmentthatisreallytryingtofindabalancewithnature".Its100speciesofplantlifeareexpectedtoabsorbalmost10,000tonsofcarbondioxideand57tonsofpollutantsperyear,whileatthesametimeproducing900tonsoflife-givingoxygen.Althoughthearchitectshaven"tpublishedthecostoftheforestcity,theMilantowerscostonlyfivepercentmorethantraditionalskyscrapers.TheconstructionofhisforestcityatLiuzhouissettobeginin2020,andthereisstillagreatdealofplanningandresearchrequiredbeforeaprojectedcompletiondatecanbeset.However,Boeriremainsoptimisticabouttheprojectandhasconfidenceinthesoundnessofhisvision:"Ireallythinkthatbringingforestsintothecityisawaytodealwithglobalwarming."（1）What"sLiuzhou"sattitudetowardsthesustainabledevelopment?A.ApprovingB.CautiousC.UnfavorableD.Doubtful（2）WhyisStefanoemployedfortheLiuZhouproject?（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"they"referto?A.Thearchitects.B.Thetwotowers.C.Forestsinthecity.D.Theresidentsofthecity.（4）What"sthepurposeofLiuZhouproject?A.Toprovidemorejobs.B.Tobringforestintocity.C.Tosolvehouseshortage.D.Toimprovetheenvironment.【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）B（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国南方城市柳州为改善环境，实现可持续发展，将建立一座森林城市。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Althoughtheideaof"Zeroemission,netcarbon-positive,sustainable(可持续‘developmentwaspromotedworldwide,mostcitiesareatalosswhattodoorevensomehaveobjectedtoit.ButinLiuzhou,acityinsouthernChina,attitudes couldnotbemoredifferent.可知，大“多数城市反对，而柳州的态度却截然不同。故选A。（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Heisthego-tomanforsuchprojectsthankstothesuccessofhis‘verticalforestsresidential’,(tw住宅的)towers.可知”，由于他的“垂直森林”——两座住宅楼的成功，他是此类项目的关键人物。从而推断出，他在类似的项目中积累了经验。故选D。（3）考查代词指代。根据第二段中的successofhis‘verticalforests“Heisthego-tomanforsuchprojectsthankstothe’,two住宅residential的)towers(.可”知，they指代前句中的tworesidential(住宅的)towers。故选B。（4）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Itshomes,hospitals,hotels,schoolsandofficeswillbebuiltona340-acresiteinwhatBoericallsthefirstattempttocreatean"urbanenvironmentthatisreallytryingtofindabalancewithnature".Its100speciesofplantlifeareexpectedtoabsorbalmost10,000tonsofcarbondioxideand57tonsofpollutantsperyear,whileatthesametimeproducing900tonsoflife-givingoxygen.和”最后一段中的“However,Boeriremainsoptimisticabouttheprojectandhasconfidenceinthesoundnessofhisvision:‘Ireallythinkthatbringingforestsintothecityisawaytodealwithglobalwarming.可知，柳州建造森林’"城市可以减少污染，从而推断出，其项目的目的是改善环境。故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，代词指代和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。