高三英语阅读理解(人物故事)解题技巧及练习题含解析.docx 16页

高三英语阅读理解(人物故事)解题技巧及练习题含解析一、高中英语阅读理解人物故事类1．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。FriendsalwaysaskwhyI,amiddle-agedwomanwithnoathletictalent,traveltoperilousplaces—thejunglesofThailandorBorneo,forexample,wherethewaterisoftenunsafeandthefoodrisky;placeswithinfectiousdiseases,poisonoussnakesandthewildestanimals;someplaceswherethelocalsarejustafewgenerationspastheadhunting.Ineverknowhowtoanswer.MytraveldecisionsassumedanewgravitynineyearsagoafterIsufferedastroke.Topreventanotherstroke,mydoctorstoldme,I"dhavetotakedangerouslyhighlevelsofbloodthinner(血液稀释剂)fortherestofmylifeandanytravelwouldberisky.Ihadtothinkaboutwhatwasimportanttome:family,ofcourse,andfriends.Butthenwhat?NomatterhowmanytimesIthoughtaboutit,nobucketlistwascompletewithouttravel.ThenIhadtodecidehowImightmanagetherisk.IhadtodecidehowluckyIfelt.Myreturntotravelaftermystrokecameinbabysteps.ThefirstrealtestofmytravelcouragecameninemonthsaftermystrokewhenIjoinedmyhusband,Jack,onabusinesstriptoChina.Afterwe"dtouredtheremainsofaTangdynastytempleonahighmountain,Jackwantedtoridedownonatoboggan(长雪橇).Beforethestrokeitwould"veseemedlikefun.Butnow?Ihesitated.Mymentalklaxon(高音喇叭)screamedwarningsabouttheconsequencesofacut,afall,andacrash.Then,gainingconfidencefromwhoknowswhere,Iloweredmyselfcarefullyintothetoboggan,whichmarkedmyadventuretravelcomeback.Intheyearssincethen,I"vetraveledabouttwenty-fivepercentofthetime.Throughitall,mylucksheldout—nodeadlyfalls,nocaraccidentsorseriousinfections.Forme,adventuretravelisariskworthtaking.Travelbroadensmyworldandkeepsmeconnectedtonature.What"smore,saying"yes"totravelkeepsmeconnectedtomyself.（1）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"perilous"inParagraph1probablymean?A.Unique.B.Dangerous.C.Historical.D.Famous.（2）Whatdidthedoctorsadvisetheauthortodo?A.Doproperexercise.B.Enjoytherestofherlife.C.Keepawayfromtraveling.D.Spendmoretimewithherfamily.（3）WhydidtheauthormentionhertraveltoChina?（4）Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.AbusinesstriptoChinaB.UniquetravelexperiencesC.WhyIstilltraveltothewildD.HowIovercamethefearofdisease【答案】（1）B（2）C （3）B（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了去中国的一次旅行。（1）考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的“thejunglesofThailandorBorneo,forexample,wherethewaterisoftenunsafeandthefoodrisky;placeswithinfectiousdiseases,poisonoussnakesandthewildestanimals;someplaceswherethelocalsarejustafewgenerationspastheadhunting.例“如，泰国或婆罗洲的丛林，那里的水往往不安全，食物也很危险；有传染病、毒蛇和野生动物的场所；有些地方的本地人刚刚过了猎头的时代。”可推知划线词的意思是“危险的”。故选B。（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Topreventanotherstroke,mydoctorstoldme,I"dhavetotakedangerouslyhighlevelsofbloodthinner(血液稀释剂)fortherestofmylifeandanytravelwouldberisky.我”的医生告诉我，为了防止再次中风，我的余生都必须服用高剂量的危险血液稀释剂，任何旅行都是有风险的。”可知，医生建议作者远离旅行。故选C。（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“ThefirstrealtestofmytravelcouragecameninemonthsaftermystrokewhenIjoinedmyhusband,Jack,onabusinesstriptoChina.中风九个月”后，我和丈夫杰克一起去中国出差，这是对我旅行勇气的第一次真正考验。”可知，作者之所以提到她的中国之行是因为她通过这件事恢复了勇气。故选B。（4）考查主旨大意。根据最后一段中的“Forme,adventuretravelisariskworthtaking.Travelbroadensmyworldandkeepsmeconnectedtonature.What"smore,saying"yes"totravelkeepsmeconnectedtomyself.对”我来说，冒险旅行是值得冒险的。旅行开阔了我的世界，使我与大自然保持联系。更重要的是，对旅行说“是”让我和自己保持联系。”可知，本文讲述的是去中国的一次旅行。故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。2．阅读理解I"dliketosharealittlestorywithyouaboutsomethingthathappenedwhenIwasfour.Irememberitclearly.Ourlovingfamilydogwasnearingtheendofhislife.Myfatherpickedhimupandputhiminalittlebedwehadmadeforhim.Ourdog,mycompanion,whomwehadcaredfor,bitmyfatherwhenheattemptedtohelphim.Howcouldhe?Why?Icouldn"tunderstandit.Ididn"tlikehimanymore.Ihadn"tthoughtaboutthatstoryforalongtimebutsomethingthathappenedlastweekbroughtitbacktome.Iwenttospeakwithafriend.WhenIknockedonthedoor,Imetinaninstantanangrylookandafewharsh(尖刻的)words.Whenthedoorwasslammed(砰地关上)inmyface,Istoodthereshocked,andinarush,Iwasremindedofmydogbitmyfather20yearsagoorso.Whatbroughtthatstorybackwasthatsamefeelingofbetrayal.Bothstoriestaughtmesomethingthenextday.Yousee,whenIgotupinthemorningandwastoldmydoghaddied,itbecamecleartomethathemusthavebeeningreatpain.Forhimtohavebittenafamilymember,hecouldnothavebeenhimself.Muchthesamefortheotherstory whenIlearnedthatmyfriend"swifehadjustlefthim.Weareallbeingsofourenvironments,ouropinionsandfeelings.Andallofthosethingscancauseyoutosayanddothingsthatcan"tbeunderstoodbythosewhoarenotinthesamesituationwithyou.Ifyoumeetsomeoneeitherbehavingoutofcharacteroractinginawaythatdoesn"tseemtofitthesituation,putoutyourhandandbepatientwhenyouthinkitisleastpossibleforhimtodoso.Youmayturnaroundastorythathasasadendingsimplybyyouractions.（1）WhatistheinfluenceoftheincidentmentionedinParagraph1?（2）Whydidtheauthor"sfriendsayharshwordstotheauthor?（3）What"stheauthor"sadvicetous?A.Helpthoseinneed.B.Lookbeforeyouleap.C.Respectforothersisakindofvirtue.D.Learntoputyourselfinothers"shoes.【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者朋友因为失去妻子很痛苦以不友好的态度对待作者，使作者想起了20年前狗狗咬了父亲这件事情，从两件事情中得出了一个道理：很多因素都会影响人的行为，所以最后总结出，当我们看到别人出乎意料的行为的时候，要以理解的态度耐心的对待他人。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“I"dliketosharealittlestorywithyouaboutsomethingthathappenedwhenIwasfour．Irememberitclearly，”可知作者对这件事情的印象很深刻，故选C。（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“MuchthesamefortheotherstorywhenIlearnedthatmyfriend"swifehadjustlefthim，”可知作者的朋友因为失去了妻子而内心很痛苦所以才会用这样的不友好的态度对待作者，故选B。（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“bepatientwhenyouthinkitisleastpossibleforhimtodoso”，可知当看到别人出乎意料的举动的时候，不要责怪，要耐心地理解他们，用最好的方式去对待，故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。 3．阅读理解Ibelieveinthepowerofsciencefiction,notjustforitscapacitytotransformdreamsintoreality,butalsoforitspowertobondtogetherthosewhoshareacommonvisionofthefuture.Forme,that"strueformyrelationshipwithmydad.Somefathersandsonsbondoversports,fishingorhunting,butmydadandIbondoverStarTrek.WetriedatriptoDisneyWorld,butoneofmyearliestmemorieswasn"tMickey,butaKlingonbattlecruiser(巡洋)onthescreen.Overtheyears,nearlyeverysettingandsituationhasbecomefarawayformydadandme.Whenit"swarmatnight,we"renotdrivingalongsomedarkstreetsinIndiana,butgoingataslowspeedwithstarsdimlyshining.Bothofusarethinkingofthem,withoutneedingtosayaword.Allthesevisionsofotheruniverseshavetogethercreatedaprivateuniverseformydadandme.GeneRodenberry,creatorofStarTrek,oncesaid,"Sciencefictionisawayofthinking,awayoflogicthatbypasses(绕过)alotofnonsense.Itallowspeopletolookdirectlyatimportantsubjects."Alifetimeofsciencefictionhasinfluencedmorethanjustmyrelationshipwithmydad,buthasalsohelpedmeshapemyownhopesforthefuture.I"mnowasciencewriter.Yes,sciencefictionhasmademeintoa"nerd"(书呆子),anditalsohasbeenasourceofjoyformyfamily,makingmeanoptimistwhileenablingmetothinkcriticallyaboutthedangeroftechnology.Thankthoseauthorswhohavesharedtheirvisions;theworldandmyfamilyarebetterforit.Thankmydad,whoisboththebeststorytellerandthebestmanIhaveeverknownbecausehehelpedmerealizethetruthofTennyson"swords,"SinceIdippedintothefuture,Isawthevisionoftheworld,andallthewondersthatwouldbe."（1）Whatisthespecialbondbetweentheauthorandhisfather?A.Theirsimilardreams.B.Theirloveforeachother.C.Theircommoninterest.D.Theirpassionforscience.（2）Whatdoestheauthormainlyshowinparagraph2?A.Hisdeepimpressiononhisdad.B.Hisfeelingofstayingwithhisdad.C.Hisearliestmemoryofhisdad.D.Hisgoodrelationshipwithhisdad.（3）Howdoessciencefictionhelptheauthoratpresent?（4）Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?A.TheWondersofScienceB.ThePowerofScienceFictionC.TheVersionsofScienceFictionD.TheTimetogetherwithMyFather【答案】（1）C（2）D（3）A（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者和父亲都热爱科幻小说，它不仅帮助作者与父亲建立了深厚的感情，而且帮助作者实现了梦想。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“butmydadandIbondoverStarTrek.WetriedatriptoDisneyWorld,butoneofmyearliestmemorieswasn"tMickey,butaKlingonbattlecruiser(巡洋)onthescreen.”可知，作者与父亲都喜欢看科幻小说，故选C。（2）考查推理判断。第二段举例说明尽管时过境迁，但作者与父亲的关系依旧非常好，故选D。（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Alifetimeofsciencefictionhasinfluencedmorethanjustmyrelationshipwithmydad,buthasalsohelpedmeshapemyownhopesforthefuture.I"mnowasciencewriter.可”知科幻小说促使作者追求自己想要的职业，并帮助他成为一名科学作家，故选A。（4）考查主旨大意。第一段中的“Ibelieveinthepowerofsciencefiction,notcapacitytotransformdreamsintoreality,butalsoforitspowertobondtogethershareacommonvisionofthefuture.点名了主题”，说明了科幻小说的力量，故选justforitsthosewhoB。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。4．阅读理解About6yearsago,Iwasonaplanenexttoawoman.Iwastiredandwantedtotakeanap.ButbeforeIcouldgointo"ignorepattern",shetappedmeontheshouldertointroduceherself."Hi,mynameisHelga!"WegottotalkingandeventuallyitcameupthatIhadstartedanorganizationinhighschoolcalledR.A.K.E.(RandomActsofKindness,Etc.).AsIdescribedwhatwedid,Helgagotveryseriousandtoldmethatsheadmiredmeforthat.Shetoldmeastoryaboutthelasttimeshehadflown.ShewasonthewaytoArizonabecauseshehadgottensuddennewsthatherdad"shealthwasonthedecline.Laterherfather"sphysiciancalledtoinformherthatherdadhadrathersuddenlypassedaway.Forthe3-hourplaneride,shesatinsilencearoundstrangers.WhenshearrivedattheairportinArizona,shewalkedtothenearestwall,satdown,andcried.AndhereisthepartI"llneverforgetaboutHelga"sstory.For2hoursshesatandweptwhilethousandswalkedtoandfrointheairport.Helgalookedatmeandsaid,"Houston,notasinglepersonstoppedandaskedifIwasokaythatday."ItwasthatdaythatIrealizedhowmuchweneedeachother.ItwasthatdayIrealizedthatkindnessisn"tnormal.Kindnessisn"tnormal.Thathasstuckwithmealltheseyearsespeciallynow.Iworkinschoolsnationwidespeakingaboutsympathy,kindness,empathy(同理心)andlove.I"mremindedallthetimethat,formanyofus,kindnessisnotusuallyourdefaultsetting.Wespendsomuchtimeworryingaboutourproblems,ourlives,ourinsecurities,gettingtoourflightsowewalkbyorignorepeopleinneedofhelp.So,I"vemadeitmymissiontodomypartinsharingstorieswithstudents,teachers,andparentsaboutourneedforcharacterandsympathy.I"malwaysbeonthelookoutforthelittleopportunitiesthatsurroundmeeverydaytodosomethingnice.（1）WhatimpressedtheauthormostaboutHelga"sstory?A.Helga"sanxietyoverherfather"ssuddenillness. B.HelgahadnoonetotalktoonherflighttoArizona.C.Helgawasignoredbypeoplearoundherwhenshecried.D.Helgacouldn"tgetoverhersadnessoverherFather"sdeath.（2）Whichcanbestexplaintheunderlinedpart"defaultsetting"inparagraph5?（3）Whatcanweknowabouttheauthor?（4）Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ComfortingPeopleinNeedB.MakingKindnessNormalC.IgnoringUnnecessaryTroublesD.PractisingKindnessonthePlane【答案】（1）C（2）A（3）D（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者乘飞机时和女乘客Helga坐在了一起，Helga讲述了关于她的父亲死亡时，她在Arizona机场伤心痛苦时，旁人的态度，使得作者想在学校组织善行，让学生们用自己的善意去帮助那些需要帮助的人。（1）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“AndhereisthepartI"llneverforgetaboutHelga"sstory.For2hoursshesatandweptwhilethousandswalkedtoandfrointheairport.”可知作者对Helga哭泣时来来往往的人漠不关心的态度印象深刻，受到了触动，故选C。（2）考查词义猜测。根据第五段中的“Wespendsomuchtimeworryingaboutourproblems,ourlives,ourinsecurities,gettingtoourflightsowewalkbyorignorepeopleinneedofhelp.”可知，我们总是过多的关注自己，所以行善不是我们通常做事的方式，可推知选A。（3）考查推理判断。根据第五段中的“Iworkinschoolsnationwidespeakingaboutsympathy,kindness,empathy(同理心)andlove.”以及最后一段中的“I"vemadeitmymissiontodomypartinsharingstorieswithstudents,teachers,andparentsaboutourneedforcharacterandsympathy.”可知作者是一个好的事业推广者，选D。（4）考查主旨大意，纵观全文可知。本文通过Helga讲述自己的经历，使得作者决定要让善行成为人们习以为常的事，注意关注生活中需要帮助的人，不冷漠以待。可知选B。【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答 案。5．阅读理解Itisobviousthatallofourchildhoodmemoriesarenotaccidental.Whenyouareachild,everyscent,everysound,everymove,everytoy,thefirstdayofschool,thefirstkiss,thefirststepEverythingtogethermakeswhatisthepersonalityofaman.Allthesearepiecesofonewholeentity.Iwasabout6yearsold.Mymom"sbestfriendlefttoanothertownandaskedmymomtostayatherplacewithmefortwodaysinordertolookafterhertwosons.OnewasalittleolderthanIwas,andthesecondboyappearedtobesupergrown-up,forhewasalreadyfourteen.Ialwaysenjoyedstayingattheirplace.Iremembertheseconddayweweresupposedtohavethecome-backpartyformymom"sfriendatherplace.Iwokeup.Momwenttoworkandremindedmetobeniceandcleanbythetimeshecameback.IstayedwithTony,theolderoftheboysandsuddenlysomebodycalledhimandthoughhewasnotpermittedtoleavemealone-heleft.Hesaiditwouldnotbelong.Butittookhimforever.IrealizedthatIwasalone.Icouldnotcomeoutofthehouse,soIopenedthewindow.Iwassodesperate.Solonely.Sobetrayed.AtthatmomentIpulledthecurtainsostronglythatIfellonthefloor.AndthereIwasstanding-onelittlecriminal-desperatetoescapeandknowingthatIwouldbepunishedfordestroyingthecurtainthatwasnotevenours.Butthensomethingchanged.Istoppedweeping.IlookedaroundandrealizedthatIwasinasafeplace,andthatmomwouldcomebackandkissmenomatterwhatIhaddone.Thiswasamomentofpurehappiness,notthehappinessofgettinganewtoyoradog,orgoingtothepartyofyourbestfriend.Itwasthemomentofclarityforme-thefirsttimeinmylifewhenIrealizedthatIwashappytohavemymomandthatIwassafe.Myeyessawtheworldindifferentshadesthatmoment.Andbytheway-Iwasnotpunishedforthecurtain.Ifellasleeponmymom"sknees.（1）Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.AnUnforgettablePartyB.AChildhoodMemoryC.AHappyDayinMyMom"sBestFriend"sHomeD.TheRulesYouShouldFollow（2）Whatbestdescribestheauthor"sfeelingstowardchildhoodmemories?（3）Whathappenedtotheauthorwhenhewas6yearsold?（4）Inthelastparagraph,theword"It"refersto______.A.themomenthereceivedapresentfromhismom B.thetimehespentinmom"sfriend"shomeC.themomentherealizedhismom"sloveD.thetimehedestroyedthecurtain【答案】（1）B（2）B（3）D（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了一个让自己印象深刻的童年记忆。（1）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的"Itisobviousthatallofourchildhoodmemoriesarenotaccidental."可知，我们所有的童年记忆都不是偶然的，作者就讲述了一个让自己印象深刻的童年记忆，故选B。（2）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Everythingtogethermakeswhatisthepersonalityofaman."可知，作者认为这些童年记忆塑造了一个人的人格，故选B。（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"Icouldnotcomeoutofthehouse,soIopenedthewindow."及"AtthatmomentIpulledthecurtainsostronglythatIfellonthefloor."可知，六岁的时候，作者被锁在屋子里，没能从窗户出去，而且还弄坏了窗帘，故选D。（4）考查代词指代。根据最后一段中的"wasthemomentofclarityforme-thefirsttimeinmylifewhenIrealizedthatIwashappytohavemymomandthatIwassafe."可知，这是我人生中第一次意识到有妈妈在，我很安全，由此可知，it指代的就是意识到妈妈的爱的那一刻，故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，代词指代和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。6．阅读理解"Don"tanswerit,"IsaidtoSam.Ourdoorintheinnercityisconstantlyknockedon;ourpreviousdoorinthesuburbsrarelyso.Samhasafull-timejobandcannotspendhisdaysansweringrequeststofixleakingbathsorcarrycashtothebank.SamopenedthedooranditwasMervin."There"sabirdonthesecondfloor,"hesaid."It"sintrouble."SamfollowedMervinupstairs.MervinpointedandturnedtoletSamlook.Itwasapigeon,themostcommonofallbirds,thebirdmostlikelytofoul(弄脏)yournewlywashedcar.Anditwasn"tflyingaway.Itwasstampingincircles.AsSambenttolook,Mervincoughed,"Numbertwo."Samaskedhimtorepeatthat."Numbertwo,"Mervinsaid."Thepigeonhasbeensittinginhisownnumbertwo,andnowit"sstucktohisfoot."Ithadrainedforfivedays,andthebirdwasyoung.Itcouldhavebeenshelteringinawetnestofitsownwaste,whichhadthendriedonitsfoot,preventingitfromflyingaway.Thepigeonmovedinafewmorecircles.Sambenttotakeanotherlook.Mervinsaid,"Allright,then."andwalkedaway."Whydoeseveryonethinkyoumustsolvetheproblemsaroundhere?"IsaidtoSamwhenhe returnedwithhisstory."It"sabird.Justleaveitonthestairs,andletnaturetakeitscourse."Samdidn"tagree.Thenhewenttothegarageandemptiedthecardboardboxcontainingourimportedcampingmats.Hereturnedwiththegraypigeoninthebox.Heshowedthebirdtoourchildrenandtheydecidedtokeepit.Theyputitsfootinthewarmwaterbathandgotridofitswaste.Immediatelythepigeoneruptedinabomboffeathersandbeganflying.（1）Howdidtheauthorfeelabouttheknocks?A.Shefeltbored.B.Shewasfrightened.C.Shegotexcited.D.Shewassurprised.（2）Whywasthepigeonmovingincircles?A.Itwaslearningtofly.B.Itwasbadlyinjured.C.Itgotcaughtintherain.D.Itwastrappedbyitswaste.（3）WhatdidSamusethecardboardboxtodo?A.Shelterfromrain.B.GiveittoMervin.C.Washcampingmats.D.Makeanestforthebird.（4）WhatcanwelearnaboutSamfromthetext?A.Hewasbrave.B.Hewasclever.C.Hewaswarm-hearted.D.Hewaseasy-going.【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）D（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Sam如何救助一只鸽子。（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Don"tanswerit”及“Samhasafull-timejobandcannotspendhisdaysansweringrequeststofixleakingbathsorcarrycashtothebank可知，作者让Sam不要应门，因为她对那些找Sam的人不断的敲门感到厌烦。故选A。（2）考查细节理解。根据第六段中的“Itcouldhavebeenshelteringinawetnestofitsownwaste,whichhadthendriedonitsfoot,preventingitfromflyingaway可知，鸽子栖身在自己””粪便的湿窝里，其粪便在脚上晾干了，阻止它飞走。所以它是被自己的粪便困住了。故选D。（3）考查推理判断。根据第八段中的“Thenhewenttothegarageandemptiedthecardboardboxcontainingourimportedcampingmats.Hereturnedwiththegraypigeoninthebox.Heshowedthebirdtoourchildrenandtheydecidedtokeepit可知，他把纸板箱倒”空并用纸箱把鸽子带回来养，所以推断出Sam用纸板箱做鸟巢。故选D。（4）考查推理判断。全文介绍了Sam如何救助一只鸽子，由此可以推断出Sam很有爱心。故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。7．阅读理解VioletteChilde,67,isadiningcompanionwhohelpsservepatientslunches.Therolewasintroducedtenyearsagobyadietitianconcerningthatsomepatientswerenoteatingtheirmeals. "Manyofourpatientsareelderlyandcanbeconfusedbythenoisy,busyenvironmentofthehospitalandsowon"tfocusoneating."explainsYvonneDonglas-Morris,headofvolunteering,whooverseestheactivitiesofall528ofthetrustyvolunteers."Staffarebusywiththeclinicalsideofthings,sothediningcompanionswereintroduced.Theywillassistthepatientsandencouragethemtoeat."Violette,aretiredlibrarymanager,hasbeenhelpingoutforsixyears."Itmakesmefeelabitmorecomplete,"shesayssimply."Helpingwiththemealsfreesupthenursestogetonwithotherthings.Ibelieveinbeingapartofthecommunityandthishospitalispartofmycommunity."Anotherkeyroleisplayedbythedischargevolunteers,whooffersupporttotheelderly,especiallythoseaged70andover-leavinghospitaltoreturntoanemptyhome.Theteamhasabudgetof￡10perpersonandwillpoptotheshopsandbuymilk,breadandamealtotidethemoverforthefirstfewhours.Theythencallthepatientsregularly,foraslongastheyneed,tocheckhowtheyaregettingonandiftheyneedextrasupport.ThevolunteersinKingstonworkfromadedicatedoffice-asmallroominoneofthebuildingsonthehospitalgrounds,whereaChristmastreedecoratedwithbaubles(小饰物)bearingthefacesofvolunteerssitsinthecorner."Allthevolunteerscomeandgatherhere,itgetsverybusyattimes,"smilesNicolaHutin,67,adischargesupportvolunteer.Amotheroftwo,andgrandmotheroffour,shewasamembershipcoordinator(协调员)foratradeassociationuntilsheretired,andhassincevolunteeredatthehospitalonemorningaweekfor18months.（1）Whatcanwelearnaboutdiningcompanions?（2）WhatdoesViolettethinkofherwork?（3）Whatdoesadischargevolunteerdoforthepatients?A.Raisemoneyfortheelderly.B.PayavisittothemathomeC.Buydailynecessitiesforthem.D.Ringtochecktheirhealthcondition.（4）Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribethethemeofthetext?A.Itisnevertoooldtolearn.B.Manyhandsmakelightwork.C.Healthisbetterthanwealth.D.Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）D（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，通过讲述志愿者的工作，告诉我们的是"人多力量大 "。（1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"Manyofourpatientsareelderlyandcanbeconfusedbythenoisy,busyenvironmentofthehospitalandsowon"tfocusoneating.""我们的许多病人都是老年人，可能会被医院嘈杂繁忙的环境所迷惑，因此不会集中精力吃饭。"---sothediningcompanionswereintroduced.Theywillassistthepatientsandencouragethemtoeat.""所以介绍了吃饭的同伴。他们会帮助病人，鼓励他们吃东西。"可知，关于用餐同伴，我们能了解到他们的工作环境很嘈杂。故选A。（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Violette,aretiredlibrarymanager,hasbeenhelpingoutforsixyears.‘Itmakesmefeelabitmorecomplete,是一名退休’”的图Violette书馆经理，她已经帮了六年的忙。"这让我觉得更完整了”，以及“---Ibelieveinbeingapartofthecommunityandthishospitalispartofmycommunity.我相信成为社区”的一份子，而这家医院也是我社区的一份子。可知，Violette觉得她的工作会给她一种归属感。故选C。（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Theythencallhetpatientsregularly,foraslongastheyneed,tocheckhowtheyaregettingonandiftheyneedextrasupport.然后他们会定期给病人”打电话，只要他们需要，检查他们的情况以及是否需要额外的支持。可知，出院志愿者为病人打电话来检查他们的健康状况。故选D。（4）考查主旨大意。根据最后一段中的“ThevolunteersinKingstonworkfromadedicatedoffice-asmallroominoneofthebuildingsonthehospitalgrounds,whereaChristmastreedecoratedwithbaubles(小饰物)bearingthefacesofvolunteerssitsinthecorner.的”Kingston志愿者们在一间专门的办公室里工作，这是医院场地上一栋大楼里的一个小房间，角落里有一棵圣诞树，上面装饰着印有志愿者面孔的小玩意。可知，本文告诉我们的是"人多力量大"。故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。8．阅读理解Whenreturningtosouth-westernGermany,wheremyparentslive,itiscompulsoryformetogoonahiketoconnectwithnatureandreconnectwithmyself.So,thatisexactlywhatIdidthefirstsunnySundaybackinthebeautifulBlackForest.TheHuzenbacherSeeisatarninthemiddleofthenorthernBlackForestwithabundantnaturesurroundingit.Approachingitafteragoodhourwalk,Isawfascinatingbluedragonfliesinquantitythatattractedusbythewaytheyflewaround.Theydidn"tstandstillforaphoto,astheylandedonleavesforasplitsecond.WewerealsosurprisedattheyellowwaterliliesthatcanbeseenfloatingonitssurfacebetweenJuneandJuly.Sittingdownatoneofthebenchessurroundingthelakeforapicnicwassatisfyingintwoways.Iwasawareoftheworld"sbeautythatgavemetheenergytocontinueupthemountaintoreachthemostamazingviewlookingoverthelake.Theotherwastoreallyfillmyselfupinordertocontinuetheadventureadequately,fulluponsomesnacksandrefreshingwaterfromthewell.Thehikeupwasn"tashardasexpectedandagoodpathwasprovidedwithdirtyrocksandslipperystonesallundertheshadeofthetalltrees.Thistookaboutanhourandahalfuntil reachingthebeautifulviewofthelakeandlandbelow.Oncewehadtakenintheastonishingviews,thewalkbackdowntookanotherhourorso,makingthehikea3-to4-hourroundtrip,whichwaswellworthit!SimplybeingbackintheBlackForestandhavingsuchpleasanthikesisdefinitelygoodforthesoulandIhighlyrecommendgettingyourselfoutside,beitintheBlackForestoranywhereoutdoors.GetyourintakeofvitaminDand,mostimportantly,takeinthemomentsthatnaturehastooffer.（1）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"tarn"inparagraphⅠreferto?A.Tree.B.Tower.C.LakeD.Village.（2）Howdidtheauthorfeelwhensittingonthebench?A.Tired.B.Content.C.Surprised.D.Excited.（3）Whatdidtheauthorcallonpeopletodo?A.TakevitaminDpills.B.Loveandprotectnature.C.Savethesoulandbeyourself.D.Gooutdoorsandgetclosetonature.（4）Accordingtotheauthor,beingbackintheBlackForestandhavingpleasanthikesdoesgoodtoone"s________.A.healthB.spiritC.characterD.experience【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）D（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者在美丽的黑森林里度过的第一个阳光明媚的星期天。作者在湖边的长椅上坐下来野餐，进行了一次3到4个小时的徒步往返旅程。作者因此号召人们多去户外，亲近自然。（1）考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的“WewerealsosurprisedattheyellowwaterliliesthatcanbeseenfloatingonitssurfacebetweenJuneandJuly.可知六月至七月间”，黄黄的睡莲浮在水面上，我们也很惊讶。其中its指代TheHuzenbacherSee，故可知TheHuzenbacherSee是一个湖泊，故划线部分tarn意思为"湖泊"，故选C。（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Sittingdownatoneofthebenchessurroundingthelakeforapicnicwassatisfyingintwoways.满足感，即作者坐在长椅上时感到满足，故选（3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的可知作者在湖边”的长椅上坐下来野餐有两方面的B。“Ihighlyrecommendgettingyourselfoutside,beitintheBlackForestoranywhereoutdoors.可知作者强”烈建议到户外去，无论是在黑森林还是任何户外的地方，去亲近自然，故选D。（4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“SimplybeingbackintheBlackForestandhavingsuchpleasanthikesisdefinitelygoodforthesoul可知作者认为简单”地回到黑森林，进行这样愉快的徒步旅行肯定对灵魂有好处，故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和词义猜测两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。 9．Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.InuniversityIhadapart-timejobatashopthatsolddoughnutsandcoffee.Situatedonablockwhereseveralbusesstopped,itservedthepeoplewhohadafewminutestowaitfortheirbus.Everyafternoonaroundfouro"clock,agroupofschoolchildrenwouldburstintotheshop,andbusinesswouldcometoastop.Adultswouldglancein,seethecrowdandpasson.ButIdidn"tmindifthechildrenwaitedfortheirbusinside.SometimesIwouldhandoutabusfarewhenaticketwentmissing—alwaysrepaidthenextday.OnsnowydaysIwouldgiveawaysomedoughnuts.Iwouldlockthedooratclosingtime,andwewaitedinthewarmshopuntiltheirbusfinallyarrived.Ienjoyedmyyoungfriends,butitneveroccurredtomethatIplayedanimportantroleintheirlives—untiloneafternoonwhenamancameandaskedifIwasthegirlworkingonweekdaysaroundfouro"clock.Heidentifiedhimselfasthefatheroftwoofmyfavorites."IwantyoutoknowIappreciatewhatyoudoformychildren.Iworryaboutthemtakingtwobusestogethome.Itmeansalotthattheycanwaithereandyoukeepaneyeonthem.Whentheyarewiththedoughnutlady,Iknowtheyaresafe."Itoldhimitwasn"tabigdeal,andthatIenjoyedthekids.SoIwastheDoughnutLady.Inotonlyreceivedatitle,butbecamealandmark.NowIthinkaboutallthepeoplewhokeepaneyeonmyownchildren.Theybecome,well,DoughnutLadies.Likethemenattheskatingrink(滑冰)wholetmyboysringhome;Orthebusdriverwhodrovemydaughtertoherstopattheendoftherouteatnightbutwouldn"tleaveuntilIarrivedtopickherup;OrthatnicepoliceofficerwhotookpityonmyboyswalkinghomeintherainwhenIwasatwork—eventhoughthephonerangallthenextdaywithcallsfromcuriousneighbors."WasthatapolicecarIsawatyourhouselastnight?"Thatwasn"tapolicecar.ThatwasaDoughnutLady.（1）Accordingtothepassage,theauthorsometimes_______.（2）Bysaying"⋯itwasn"tabigdeal,"(inparagraph4)theauthormeantthat_______.（3）Accordingtotheauthor,thosewho_______areDoughnutLadies.A.arealwaysreadytohelpothersB.providefreedoughnutsforthepoorC.workinthedoughnutstoreforawhileD.arecuriousaboutthehappeningsaround（4）Thepassagesuggeststhat_______.A.takingresponsibilityisavirtueB.devotionco-existswithrewardC.runningabusinessrequiresskillsD.actsofkindnessarenevertoosmall 【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）A（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了她在商店做兼职时，下午一群孩子总会进入商店等公交车，虽然这给她的生意带来了不便，但是她没有在意，善意的对待这些孩子，比如在这些孩子丢票时给他们钱买票，下雪天给他们一些甜甜圈。她的善意得到了他人的感谢，她的孩子也得到了他人的帮助。（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"Iwouldlockthedooratclosingtime,andwewaitedinthewarmshopuntiltheirbusfinallyarrived.可知作者有时候会在打烊的时候把门关上，和孩子们一起在暖和的商店里等待公交车。作者给孩子们提供了温暖的庇护所，故选B。（2）考查推理判断。根据第四段可知作者最喜欢的两个小孩的父亲来专门找到她向她表示感谢，然后她告诉这位父亲她享受和孩子们在一起的时光，这不是什么大不了的事。根据语境，作者的回答是想表达她做的事不是特别重要，只是一件小事罢了，故选D。（3）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“OrthatnicepoliceofficerwhotookpityonmyboyswalkinghomeintherainwhenIwasatwork—eventhoughthephonerangallthenextdaywithcallsfromcuriousneighbors.‘WasthatapolicecarIsawatyourhouselast以及night?最后一段“Thatwasn"tapolicecar.ThatwasaDoughnutLady.可知有好”心的警察在下雨时将她的孩子送回去了，而作者把这位好心的警察称为"甜甜圈女士"，说明在作者心中，帮助他人的人就是"甜甜圈女士"，故选A。（4）考查推理判断。文中作者充满善意地对待在她兼职的店里等车的孩子，她自己孩子也被善意地对待，全文的关键就是善意的行为，所以D项切题，故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。10．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。DaveMerryandhistoolshavebeenthroughalottogether.ThetoolshelpedDave,now80,repairhishomeinSt.Paul,Minnesota,whereheandhiswife,AnnetteMerry,livedfor46yearsandraisedthreechildren.Thetablesaw,thejointerplane,thedrillpress,andthedozensofotherpowerandhandtoolshadprideofplaceinhiscarefullyorganizedworkshop."Ihadawholesetup,anditwasbeautiful,"saysDave,aretiredengineer.ButthenAnnetteexperiencedastroke(中风)thatleftherrelyingonawalkertogetaround,andtheMerrysdecidedtomoveintoassistedliving.Dave"sworkshopwasobviouslyaminorconsiderationgivenAnnette"scondition,butthefamilyknewthatgivingitup,ontopofeverythingelse,wouldhurt.ItwastheMerrys"daughterwhocameupwithapossiblesolution.She"dheardaboutsomepeoplewhoweresettingupatoollibrary—anonprofitfacilitythatwouldlendouttoolsjustasa regularlibrarylendsbooks.MightDadbeinterestedindonatinghis?"Isaidyes,"Davesays.ThepeoplecreatingtheSt.PaulToolLibrarywerethrilled.Theyhadexpecteditwouldtakeayeartocollectenoughtoolstomaketheirfacilityfullyfunctional.Insteadittookoneday:thedayDavedonatedhis.Thelibrary"sfoundersdroveovertotheMerrys"houseandpickedeverythingupthemselves.ThelibraryishousedinthebasementoftheAmericanCanFactory.Memberspayanannualfee(from$20to$120)forunlimitedtooluseandavaryingnumberofvisitstotheworkshop.Andtheygetanextrabenefit:DaveMerry."Almosteverytimewe"reopen,Dave"shere,"saysoneofthefounders,PeterHoh."Itmeansalottometobeabletogoandusemytools,"Davesays."ButitmeansjustasmuchtohelpDIYersusethetoolsproperly."AsHohputsit,"Thisishisworkshopnow."（1）WhatdoweknowaboutDaveMerry?A.HehadfewDIYtools.B.Hekepthistoolswell.C.Heownedatoollibrary.D.Heusedawalkingstickafterstroke.（2）Howdidthedaughterhelpherparents?A.ShetookoverDad"sworkshop.B.SheofferedDadusefulinformation.C.Shemovedthemintoassistedliving.D.ShesoldDad"stoolstoatoollibrary.（3）WhatisavailabletothevisitorstotheSt.PaulToolLibrary?A.Freeuseofthetools.B.AvisittotheMerrys"house.C.Dave"sinstructionsforusingthetools.D.Hoh"sshareoftheprofitfromthelibrary.（4）Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ArtofLivingB.SettingupaLibraryC.AFamily-runLibraryD.RecyclingThroughDonating【答案】（1）B（2）B（3）C（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，DaveMerry年迈之时无偿捐助承载其诸多生活经历的DIY工具，使其循环使用让更多人受益。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Thetablesaw,thejointerplane,thedrillpress,andthedozensofotherpowerandhandtoolshadprideofplaceinhiscarefullyorganizedworkshop.台锯、木工刨床、钻床，以及其他几十种动力和手工工具，在他精心组织的车间里都占有重要地位。可知，他把工具保存得很好。故选B。（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“ItwastheMerrys"daughterwhocameupwithapossiblesolution.She"dheardaboutsomepeoplewhoweresettingupatoollibrary—anonprofitfacilitythatwouldlendouttoolsjustasaregularlibrarylendsbooks.可”知，是梅里家的女儿想出了一个可能的解决办法。她听说有些人正在建立一个工具库——一个像普通图书馆出借图书一样出借工具的非盈利机构。从而可知，女儿给爸爸提供了有用的信息。故选B。 （3）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的"‘Almosteverytimewe"reopen,Dave"shere,oneofthefounders,PeterHoh.‘Itmeansalottometobeabletogoandusemytools,says.‘ButitmeansjustasmuchtohelpDIYersusethetoolsproperly可.知，营业的时候，戴夫’"都在这里帮助DIY者如何正确使用工具。故选C。’says（4）考查主旨大意。根据全文内容可知，记述了DaveMerry年迈之时无偿捐助承载其诸多生活经历的DIY工具，使其循环使用让更多人受益的温馨故事。故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信，并根据上下文进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。