福禄贝尔的幼儿教育思想及其启示（froebel's early childhood education thought and its enlightenment） 19页

福禄贝尔的幼儿教育思想及其启示（Froebel"searlychildhoodeducationthoughtandItsEnlightenment）Twothousandandtenpointzerotwo(a)FroebelisagreatinfanteducatorinGermanyandhisteachingsEducationthoughtstillinfluencespeople"seducationalconceptandeducationdeeplyInthispaper,throughtheintroductionofhislife,thebackgroundandthebackgroundofpreschooleducationthoughtThemaincontentoftheanalysisisthathiseducationalthoughtsarerelevanttothecurrentpreschooleducationProfoundenlightenment.KeywordsFroebel;earlychildhoodeducation;revelation1;BiographyofFroebel(FriedrichFroebel,1782~1852)isthefirsthalfofnineteenthCenturyYe,afamousGermanpreschooleducator,isregardedasthefatherofearlychildhoodeducation".HisteachingThethoughtofeducationexertedaprofoundinfluenceonthelatergenerations,especiallythekindergartenhefounded (Kindsgarden)andthegamehehasdesigned,"boon"isstillwidelyknownForcirculation.TwoThebackgroundofearlychildhoodeducation,FroebelwasborninthefamilyofaLutheranpastorintheGermanprovinceofinnerearthInfluencedbyreligion.GermanclassicalidealistphilosopherFichteandSchellingareTheideologicalfoundationsofhiseducationalviews.Aftergraduatingfromhighschool,Iworkedasanapprenticeattheforester,In1800,undertheauspicesofforestowners,theyenteredtheUniversityofJenafortwoyearsForcedtodropoutofschoolin1805,hebeganhiseducationcareer.HehasvisitedtwotimesVisitingPestalozziwasdeeplyinfluencedbyPestalozzithought,especiallyaboutmotherTheroleofaffinityfamilyinearlychildhoodeducation.In1817,schoolswereopenedintheirhometown,Herehecarriedouthiseducationthought,wroteonchildren"seducation Thebook"humaneducation".In1837,apreschoolwasopenedatFortHoodChildren"seducationalinstitutions,namedKindergarten,publishedmonographs"MotherSongandSingingGames".Inhislateryears,hetookpartinprogressivemeetingsandcalledforteachersCallingforgovernmentfundingtopromotethedevelopmentofkindergartensisregardedasanactofantigovernmentPersecutionhasdeprivedhimofhisrighttoengageineducationalactivitiesinprussia.1851,ThePrussiangovernmentorderedtheclosureofallkindergartensintheterritory.FroebelwasnotinterestedinitOftenindignant,manytimestobookaplea,butnoresult.In1852,hewasingriefandindignationDiedintheworld.HiswritingsonearlychildhoodeducationwereeditedbyfriendsKindergarteneducation.Inviewofhisreligiousbackground,soinhisEarlychildhoodeducationhasastrongreligiousmysticism,thateverythingshouldhave TheoriginofGod,fromidealismtotheinterpretationofeducationalphenomena,hasacertainLimitations,however,areexplainedintermsofhisprinciplesandmethodsofearlychildhoodeducationItseemsscientificenough,sofar,he"swelldeservedThefatherofmodernearlychildhoodeducation".ThreeThemaincontentofearlychildhoodeducationthought3.1,conformtothenaturaleducationprincipleFroebelbelievedthatmanandeverythingwerealwaysinconstantchangeThedevelopmentofchildren"smindandbodyisalsochanging,andthedevelopmentofchildren"smindandbodyis"Automatic",anydepressionandrestraintisdetrimentaltoyoungchildren.SoaskforForchildrenbeforeteaching,weshouldhavesufficientobservationandunderstandingofchildren,toconformtotheyoungThenatureofachild,otherwise,isdetrimentaltothedevelopmentofyoungchildren.HecutgrapesforForexample,ifthegardenergoesagainstthenatureoftheplantanditscorrectpathofdevelopment,evenif Wellintentioned,mayalsoharmthegrowthofgrapes,reduceproduction.Sohesaid,"only."Havingathorough,adequate,andthoroughunderstandingofthehumannatureofhumanbeings,accordingtothisRecognizeandexplorediligentlyandnaturallyandlearnaboutconservationandeducationAlltheotherknowledgethatmustbe......TomakerealeducationblossomFruit."Althoughhestartedfromreligiousmysticism,heexpoundedthedevelopmentandteachingofmanThebeliefthatmanyhumanabilitiesareinnate,instinctive,andevenreligiousIt"sinnate,Thisisundoubtedlyanidealistview,butheopposesrepressionItisadvisableforinfantstorespectthephysicalandmentaldevelopmentoftheirchildren.3.2payattentiontoearlyeducationFroebelwasdeeplyawareofearlyeducationinthecourseofteachingpractice Theimportanceofidentifyingone"slife,society,parents,andnatureinone"slifeKnowledgeisthefoundationofthisstage,ifitisbadintheearlystageoflifeInfluence,andthentomakegreateffortstochange,togrowintoastrongperson.becauseThis,hesaid,ispreciselyfromtheearlychildhood,"realpeople"seducationbegan."".InordertobetterHesystematicallyadvocatedearlyeducationforyoungchildrenandurgedthemtodosoAnearlychildhoodeducationinstitutionwaslaunchedandaschoolyearwasopenedin1837Thechildren"seducationinstitutionwasnamedKindergartenin1840,whichisalsotheworldThefirstkindergarten.3.3,payattentiontotheroleofgamesforchildren"sphysicalandmentaldevelopmentInhisearlychildhoodeducation,FroebelandhiseducationarewellsuitedAdaptingtotheprinciplesofnature,heattachedgreatimportancetogamesandactivitiesinearlychildhoodeducation Significancein.Hethinksgamesandactivitiesareaboutdevelopingyoungchildren"smindsImageryandcreativityarebeneficial.Hethinksgamesarethesourceofchildren"shappinessPlayisapartofachild"slife,soatoyisspeciallydesignedforchildrenEuneun".Thissetoftoysforchildren"sintelligence,emotional,physicalandotherdevelopmentAdvantage.Hebelievesthatgamesarethebestwayforyoungchildren,andthereforeemphasizesadulthoodPeoplewanttosupportandcareaboutchildren"sgames,sohesays,"mother,trainchildren."Thepowerofthegame!Father,defendandguidethechildren"sgame!"4Practicalsignificance,althoughFroebel"searlychildhoodeducationthoughtisbasedonreligiousmysticismOnthebasisof,therearesomelimitations,butinourviewtoday,thereisstillManyplacescanbeusedforreference,hisearlychildhoodeducationthoughtisstillintheworld Thescopehasprofoundinfluence,andtheauthorthinksthatthereareThefollowingaspectsoftheenlightenment.4.1preschooleducationisanintegralpartofcompulsoryeducationFroebelisaneducatorwhoplacesgreatimportanceonpre-schooleducationForus,atthisstage,weshouldvigorouslydevelopearlychildhoodeducation,youngchildrenEducationisanintegralpartofbasiceducation,raisingtherateofadmissionandraisingchildrenThequalityofkindergarteneducationandtheinclusionofearlychildhoodeducationinbasiceducationareTheissueswearenowaddressingandtakingseriously.AtthesametimehetalkedabouthisparentsandfamilyTheroleofearlychildhoodeducation,intoday"s,weshouldstrengthenthekindergartenandfamilyunionTocarryoutgoodhomecooperationandfullymobilizethefamily,societyandcommunityinearlychildhoodeducationPositiverolein.Thestateshouldalsoincreasetheinvestmentandconstructionofearlychildhoodeducation,fromthehard Froebel"searlychildhoodeducationthoughtanditsinspiration,ChenYanrong(Hunanwomen"sUniversity,Hunan)410004-Changsha)CLCnumber:G61documentcode:Aarticlenumber:16727894(2010)0504802(turntopageeighty-third)teachingresearch482010.02(a)Theconstructionoftheprojecttotheteachingstaffshouldbeupdatedfromtheschoolrunningconditionstotheeducationalconcepts,OnlyinthiswaycanweensurethedevelopmentofearlychildhoodeducationandthefuturephysicalandmentaldevelopmentofchildrenLayagoodfoundation.4.2,earlychildhoodeducationrespectsthelawofchildren"sphysicalandmentaldevelopmentAlthoughourcountry"spreschooleducationhasobtainedmanyachievementscomparedwithbefore,butThereisstillmuchtobeimprovedintermsofeducationmethods,educationalconditionsandeducationalconceptsImprovedplace.Especiallyinourcountryforseveralthousandyearsundertheinfluenceoffeudalculture,notto Whenchildrenareindependent,theyignorethecharacteristicsofchildren"sphysicalandmentaldevelopment,andthereisaseriousproblemThepolarizationofspoilthingsbyexcessiveenthusiasmandindifference.LikeFroebel"sgrapemetaphorThesamething,inpreschooleducation,AnytendencytobetoohighortoolowisinappropriateHazardous.Therefore,onlyfollowthedevelopmentofchildren"sphysicalandmentalcharacteristicsofeducationisAppropriateeducation.Fortheinfanteducationatthisstage,weshouldstudythebodyandmindofinfantsDevelopmentcharacteristics,observationofchildren"sbehavior,intheunderstandingofeachchildOnthebasisofteachingstudentsinaccordancewiththeiraptitude,theidealeducationaleffectcanbeachieved.PreschooleducationviewReadingisaboutchange,notjustconservation,butalsoeducation.4.3,thegameisanimportantcontentandmeansofKindergartenEducation FroebelisaneducatorwhoplacesgreatimportanceongamesandactivitiesThechilddesignedthefavor".Theinspirationforusis,inkindergarten,noteReplayforchildren"sphysicalandmentaldevelopmentsignificance,themajorityofpreschooleducatorsshouldbeawareofToplayisachild"swayoflife,thegameisthenatureofyoungchildren,istoexploretheworldThebestway,thegamecanpromotechildren"sphysicalandmental,emotionalhairShow,andthisisnowayofeducationcannotbereplaced.BecausethegameiscoincidentwiththechildrenGrasptheworld,understandthepsychologicalabilityoftheworld.Atthesametime,inordertomakechildrenbetterGameconditionsandgameenvironment,themajorityofearlychildhoodeducatorstodesignanddevelopmoreChildren"saesthetictasteandoperationoftoys,kindergartens,communities,familiestoProvideconditionsforchildrentoplaygames.Atthesametime,teachersandparentsshouldactivelyparticipateinit Achild"sgame.PlaygamesaspartofyourdailylifeinthekindergartenTeachersshouldgivefullplaytotheroleofgamesinearlychildhoodeducationUsealleducationalactivitiesasmuchaspossibleinagameway.InordertoenrichthetourThecontentandformoftheplay,teachersshouldcontinuetodesignnovel,interestinggames,sothatChildrenreceiveeducationinthegame,improvetheircharacter,increasetheirknowledgeandstudyexperience.4.4,givefullplaytotheroleoffamilyeducationFroebelisaveryimportantparentsintheroleofearlychildhoodeducationEducator,hebelievesthatyoungchildrenareanimportantstageinone"slifeSinceitisverydifficulttomakeup,andsotheparentsstaytogethermorningandnighthasaprofoundrelationship.stayToday,firstofall,weshouldletparentsfromthepsychologicalawarenessofparentstochildrenTheinfluenceisgreat;parentsarethechildren"sfirstteachers,atthebirthofthechild Givepropereducationintime,forintheinitialstagesoflife,parentsChildrenwhohavethemostcontacts.Secondly,thekindergartenshouldstrengthenthecooperationwiththefamilyTheinfluenceoffamilyeducationonchildrenisextended,andthekindergarteneducationisextendedtothehomeInthecourt,weeducateourparentstohavecertaineducationalideas,aswellasearlychildhoodeducationLaw,learntoobserveandanalyzethepsychologicalstateofchildren,andtimelyandearlychildhoodeducationinstitutionsGetintouchwiththekindergarten,family,andsocietytoformaneducationforce.NowoneTheemergenceofsomeparentandchildgardensreflectstheawarenessofthis,andthisisonekindVerygoodphenomenon,butalsotofurtherstrengthen,especiallyintheparents,becausehomeThequalityoflongisuneven.References(Germany)Froebel.Educationofman[M].Selectedarticleson Westernbourgeoiseducation,P310.WangTianyi,XiaZhilian,etal.ThehistoryofForeignEducation(on)M.Beijing:BeijingNormalUniversitypressSociety,1998.editorinchiefLinYu2.5,"practice"-Writing"Vocationalhighschoolstudents,inordertobettermasterprofessionalskills,eachprofessionalArrangementsmustbemadeforsometimetopractice.Practiceshouldcontactsociety,contactwithallkindsofPerson.Forexample,studentsinkindergartenteachersshouldtakeovertheworkanddealwiththeirparentsThisisthestagnantwaterofcampuslife,suddenlytherewasalivingwater.LifeislanguageLanguageexistsineveryaspectoflife.Keepadiary,writenotes,andwritesummaries.Thinking,feeling,feeling,writing,writingabilityalsoimproved.ThreeThesignificanceofimplementing"activity-experience-based"teachingmode3. 1stimulatestudents"enthusiasmforlearningIn"activities"--experienceInthemodelofteaching,studentsarethemainbody.ThisclassThetransformationofthestatusofthestudentteacherfromthepassivetotheactiveThemainbodyoftheclassroom,students"confidencewillnaturallyhave,andlearningenthusiasmwithRaise.[4]inparticular"Text---filmandtelevision"Style",studentsareespeciallyinterestedinpaintingObservationandunderstandingofthestudents,becausemanystudents,highenthusiasmtoparticipatein,observe,meticulous,reactionAgile,sometimesevenbetterthantheteacher.3.2,cultivateawarenessoftheproblem Theteacherpassed"activities"--experience"Teachingmode"canstimulatethestudentstoaskQuestionconsciousness.Fromtheestablishmentofteachers,studentsfindanswers,tostudentssetupproblems,learningToaskforanswers,andthentosetupquestionsforstudentstobeansweredbyteachersisaqualityLeap.Suchas"Thunderstorm"thekindofproblem---Debate"Style"cantriggerapromiseManyquestions,studentscananswerasmanystudentsaspossible,andmanyquestionshavetobeansweredTeacheranswer.Cultivatingawarenessofproblemsisnottheultimategoal.TheultimateaimistoLetthestudentslearntothinkforthemselvesandlearntoexpresstheiropinionsDevelopeverystudent"suniquepersonalityratherthanastereotypedbooknerd".3.3,improvelanguagequality Languageisnotlimitedtotheclassroom,butmoreimportantly,thelanguageoflife."Activity-experience""Model"teachingmodepaysattentiontostudents"practicalabilityandhands-onabilityPower。ThestudentscultivatedinthisteachingmodecanmeettheneedsofsocietyInsteadofjustanarmchairstrategist.SuchateachingobjectiveisalsoinlineWhatwecall"biglanguageview"".3.4improveyourwritingabilityTheimprovementofwritingabilityliesinmorereadingandmorepractice,andvocationalschoolstudents"learningisrelativelycomparativeEasyandtimespentreadingafterclass;practiceandworkbecomepracticecompositionsActivewater;aslongastheteacherisarrangedproperlyandurgedtobeinplace,thestudents"innerdrivingforceSufficient,highdemandsonthemselves,andstrivetoprogress,writingabilitywillbegreatlyimproved.Four Conclusion"activities---experience"Model"teachingmodeisanimportantteachingmode,ItisnecessarytopopularizethisteachingmodelinVocationalHighSchoolHighlearningenthusiasm,students"awarenessoftheproblem,andultimatelyimprovethelanguageofstudentsLiteracyhasbecomeasocialneedsoftalent.References[1]WuChongzhou.ThewayofexperiencingChineseactivitiesunderthenewcurriculum.Teachingresearch,2006(1)[2]ZhuGuohua"s"activityexperience"teachingmodecanchangestudents"learningstyleEducationalScienceForumofYinTeachersCollege,2006(4)3.CuiYahong"teachingonLinDaiyuJinJia"activitiesexperience.NingboInstituteofEducationJournalofChina,2007,9(2)[4]ZhuChunlin.Letthestudentsparticipateintheexperience andmaketheteachingfitthestudents.Thenewteachingidea,2006(1).EditorinchiefSunJing(uptoforty-eighthpages)!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!83!