英语语法动词的分类.ppt 27页

VerbandverbphraseContentsforthislectureLinkingverbDynamicverbandStativeVerbMainverbandAuxiliary ReviewoflinkingverbBe;get,become,turn,Sensoryverbs,measure,weigh Dynamicverb:verbsrefertoactionDurativeverb:admitsbothprogressiveandnon-progressiveaspect.Sheworksinthehospital.Sheisworkinginthehospital.2.Transitionalverb:admitsbothprogressiveandnon-progressiveaspect.arrive,become,turn,change,reach,come,get,go,grow,leave 3.MomentaryVerbHit,jump,open,close,shut,takeout,stop,knockThefollowingarealldynamicverbsexcept()?A.RemainB.turnC.writeD.knock StativeverbVerbsthatrefertostates;BeandhaveWehavefriendsallovertheworld.Hewasanengineer20yearsago. 2.Verbsthatrefertosense,perceptionHear,see,feel,taste,smell,sound3.Verbsthatrefertoafeeling,astateofmindoropinionThink,know,believe,assume,detest,hate,hope,imagine,mean,mind,notice,prefer,regret,remember,suppose,understand,want 4.Verbswiththenotionofbeingandhaving:applyto,belongto,differfrom,cost,measure,weigh,fit,lack,resemble,weigh,measure Wearehavingawonderfultime.Iamtastingthissoup.Bequiet.Iamthinking.Stativeverbsareimcompatiblewiththeprogressiveaspect.Whenstativeverbisusedwithprogressiveaspect,itisusedasdynamicverb. Auxiliary1.Primaryauxiliary:be,do,have.Be:helpmainverbformprogressiveaspectorpassivevoiceDo:helpmainverbformnegativemeaning,formquestionsoremphaticaffirmative.Have:helpmainverbformperfectiveorperfectiveprogressiveaspect. 2.ModalauxiliaryCan/could;may/might;will/would;shall/should;must,oughtto,dare/dared,need,usedtoMeaningsofmodalauxiliary2.1Whichofthemodalauxiliariescanbeusedwiththemeaningofability? 2.2Whichofthemodalauxiliariescanbeusedwiththemeaningofpossibility?May(not)/might(not);can/couldCan’t/couldn’t:impossible 1.Whosebookisit?Itmight/may/can/couldbehers.Itmay/mightnotbehers.Itcan’t/couldn’tbehers.2.Ifnotdecentlytreated,hemay/might/can/couldbeangry.3.Hemay/can/might/couldbestillwaitingatthedoor. Possibilityofpasttimemay/might/can/couldhavedoneShemight/mayhavebeenexpressinghertruefeelingatthatmoment.Shemight/mayhavebeenangryatthattime.Shecan’t/couldn’thavebeenhurt. might/could+havedoneIcouldhavepassedtheexam,butIfailed.Youmighthavefinishedtheworklastnight. PermissionandprohibitionCan,could,may,mightCan,may,soundmoreformal,couldandmightsoundmorepoliteCan/could/may/mightIsmokehere?Yes,youcan/may.No,youmay/cannot./No,youmustn’t.Allowsb.todoPermitsb.todo ObligationandnecessityShould(not),oughtto(oughtn’tto),must,haveto(?)Should(not)/oughtto(oughtn’tto)+havedoneYoushouldn’t/oughtn’ttohavestayeduplatelastnight.Youshouldn’thavebeenrestingatthattimeofday. Must/havetoImust/havetoleaveat6:30.MustIleaveat6:30?Yes,youmust.No,youneedn’t/donothaveto/haven’tgotto.Youmustn’tsmokeinthepublicplace.Mustn’t=benotto Necessity/predictabilityShould,oughtto,must,will,wouldThebookshouldappealtoalltheloversofpoetry.Theseyoungtreesoughttoprovideshadein10years.Carelessreadingmustgivepoorresults.Itmustbeverylatebecausethestreetsarequiet. MusthavedoneHereyesarered.Shemusthavecried.Youmusthaveleftyourbagonthebus.Helookshappy.Hemusthavepassedtheexam. Themeaningof“will”Willingnessorbewillingtodosth.Youcanhelpmeifyouwill.Willyouaccepttheinvitation?Wouldyoupleaseseetomyluggage?----yes,iwill.(notiwould)----no,iwon’t.Shall(expressesthewillingofspeaker)Heshallbepraisedifheworkshard.Shallmydughterfinishthereportforyou? 2.Determination/InsistenceIwilltakethisjobandnoonecanstopme.Hewon’tdowhatheistold.Hewouldclimbthemountainregardlessofdanger.(determintionofthepast)Shall(determinationofthespeaker)Heshallobeymyorders.Theyshalldowhatitoldthemto. 3.PredictibilityWhenexpressingthemeaningofpredictibility,exceptshould,oughtto,must,wecanalsousewillandwould.Theymustbehomebynow.Theywillbehomebynow.Theyshould/oughttobehomebynow. Whoisknockingatthedoor?Thatwill/wouldbejack.Alionwillattackpeoplewhenangry.Oilwillfloatonwater. Whichofthefollowingsentenceindicatespossibility?A.Themooncannotalwaysbefull.B.Youcannotsmokeinsidethebuilding.C.Hecannotcometoday.D.Shecannotplaythepiano.You___Jhoninthestreetthismorning.Hehasbeendeadforages.A.mustn’tseeB.mustn’thaveseenC.couldn’tseeD.couldn’thaveseen Whichofthefollowingsentencesindicatespredication?A.Youmustbebackby10:00.B.Hehastomovedeskhimself.C.Youshouldmindyourownbusiness.D.Thebookshouldattractallloversofpoetry. Whichofthefollowingsentencesisthecorrectanswerto“itmustbeourboss”?No,itcan’tbehim.B.no,itmustn’tbehim.C.no,itneedn’tbehim.D.no,itdoesnothavetobehim. Whichofthefollowingsentencesexpressspeculation?A.Youmaydriveacar.B.Mayyousucceed.C.Hemaynothavefinishedthiswork.D.Youmighthavetoldmebefore.