初中英语语法梳理和提高15形容词和副词讲解_试题 12页

初中英语语法梳理和提高15形容词和副词讲解试题2009-06-1109:43:50来源：英语教师网网友评论0条形容词和副词知识梳理：提纲挈领，抓住重点和难点！一、形容词用来修饰名词，表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征的词，叫形容词。形容词的作用，见下表：作用例句定语Youcanseealotofbeautifulflowersinthegarden.表语Yourcoatistoosmall.宾语补足Theoldwomankeepseverythingcleanandtidy.语注意：有些形容词只能作表语，如：alone,afraid,asleep等。例如：Don"twakethesleepingbabyup.Heisasleep.Theoldmanisalone.形容词用来修饰something,anything,nothing,everything等不定代词，要放在这些词的后面。例如：You"dbettertellussomethinginteresting.Thepolicefoundnothingstrangeintheroom.多个形容词做定语时排列的先后顺序是：1）冠词或人称代词2）数词3）性质4）大小5）形状6）表示老少，新旧7）颜色8）事务、质地、人的国籍、用途。例如：Hisgrandpastilllivesinthissmallshorthouse.他爷爷还住在这个矮小的房子里。 ThewomanboughttwobeautifulChineseplates.那个妇女买了两个漂亮的中国盘子。形容词名词化：有些形容词前加定冠词后变成名词，表示一类人，谓语常用复数。这类词有：rich/poor;good/bad;young/old;healthy/ill;living/dead;black/white(表示人种等)。例如：Theyoungshouldtakegoodcareoftheold.年轻人应该好好照顾老人。Therichneverhelpthepoorinthiscountry.在这个国家，富人从来不帮助穷人。表示数量的词组。如：Oneday,ayoungman,twenty-fiveyearsold,cametovisittheprofessor.有一天，一位25岁的年轻人来拜访这位教授。Iliveinabuildingaboutfiftymetershigh.我住在一做大约50米高的大楼里。形容词短语做定语时要后置。如：Theyarethestudentseasytoteach.他们是很容易较的学生。Weliveinahousemuchlargerthanyours.我们住的房子比你们的大得多。else要放在疑问代词或复合不定词之后。如：Didyouseeanybodyelse?你看到别的人了吗？ 二、副词英语中副词的位置和汉语不尽相同，它的位置比较灵活。通常用作状语修饰动词、形容词、副词等。下面来介绍一下副词的分类方法：多数副词都可以放在它所修饰的动词后面。如：Wearelivinghappily.我们幸福的生活着。Herunsslowly.他跑的很慢。时间副词、地点副词和方式副词一般放在句末。如：Theywenttotheparkyesterdaymorning.昨天上午他们去公园了。IheardhimsingEnglishsongsoverthere.我听见他在那边唱英语歌曲。Hedrovethejeepcarefully.他小心地开着吉普。注意：有时表示时间的副词也可放在句首，起强调作用。如：YesterdayIgotuplate.昨天我起床很晚。频度副词一般放在be动词、情态动词及第一个助动词之后，实义动词之前如：Heisseldomill.他很少生病。Youmustalwaysrememberthis. 你一定要记住这一点。Ioftenwritetomyparents.我经常写信给父母。Doyouusuallygotoschoolonfoot.你经常走路去上学？HehasneverbeentoBeijing.他从来没有去过北京。注意：有时为了加强语气，频度副词也可放在句首。如：Sometimesshegoestoschoolbybusandsometimesshegoestoschoolbybike.有时她乘公共汽车上学，有时骑自行车去。程度副词修饰动词时，与频度副词相同，修饰形容词和副词时，放在它所修饰的词前面。如：That"squiteearly.那很早。Inearlymissedthebus.我几乎错过了公交车。Shedidratherbadly.她干得相当糟。否定副词一般放在动词之前、系动词be或助动词之后。如：Sheseldomgoesoutatnight.她晚上很少出门。Iamneverlateforschool. 我上学从不迟到。Wehadhardlygottothestationwhenthetrainleft.火车离开时，我们差不多/几乎到了车站。疑问副词放在特殊疑问句的句首。如：Whencanyoucome?你什么时候来？Howmanydaysarethereinamonth?一个月有多少天？Whatareyougoingtodowhenyougrowup?张大以后，你打算干什么？Wherewereyouborn?你是在那里出生的？Whydidn"thecome?他为什么没有来？关系副词when,where,why引导定语从句时，位于从句之前、所修饰的词之后。如：Tellmethereasonwhyyoudidit.把你这样做的理由告诉我。It"sthesortofdaywhenyou"dliketostayinbed.这是个令人恋床不起的日子。Idon"tknowtheplacewherewewillgo.我不知道我们将要去的地方。同时存在时间状语和地点状语时，时间状语一般放在后面。如： Themeetingwillbeheldintheclassroomtomorrow.明天会议将在教室里举行。HewatchedTVinhisroomlastnight.他作晚在房间里看电视。TheyarrivedinBeijingat8o"clocklastevening.他们昨天晚上8:00到达北京。注：有些词既可用做形容词也可副词。如：late,wide,well,fast,easy,early等Theroadissowidethat8busescangothrowitatatime.Openyourmouthwide.三、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的变化方法如下：1)符合规则的：情况加法例词一般情况直接加-er;-esttall-taller-tallest以e结尾的词加–r;-stnice-nicer-nicestdry-drier-driest以“辅音+y”结尾的词变y为i再加-er;-estheavy-heavier-heaviest辅音字母双写，再加-er;以一个辅音字母结尾的词thin-thinner-thinnest-estmoredelicious多音节和部分双音节单词在词前加more;mostmostdelicious2）几个不规则的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级如下表：原级比较级最高级good,wellbetterbest bad,illworseworstmany,muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthest形容词和副词比较级的用法级比较程度表达方式和意义例句备注别肯Artisasinterestingas定As+原级+asmusic.原同形(像……一样)Playaswellasyoucan.等式程否Englishisnotsodifficultasnot+so(as)+原级级度定science.+as形Shedoesnotstudysowell(不如……那样)式asIdo.比较级前面可以加不同程度much,far,比较级+thanJimisolderthanLuky.（用于两者比even,still,(比……)Ilikeporkbetterthanbeef.较）alot,a比little,abit较等级比较级+and+比较级Heisgrowingtallerand（越来越……）taller.程度加深The+比较级，the+Hestudiesbetterandbetter.比较级Themorebooksshereads,（越……,越……）thebettersheunderstand.Springisthebestseasonof副词最高最最高程度The+最高级+of(in)theyear.级前面的高（用于三者或(最……)LinTaojumped(the)the往往省级三者以上）farthestofall.略 注意：有些形容词，如dead,empty,round,sure,woolen等受本身含义的限制，没有比较级。例题解析：举一反三，学的更轻松！Heis________friendsthanI.A.muchmoreB.manymoreC.verymoreD.toomore解析：后面有可数名词复数时，many的比较级形式为manymore修饰。应选B.2.Whichisthe_________country,JapanorAustralia?A.moredevelopedB.moredevelopingC.mostdevelopedD.mostdeveloping解析：两者比较用比较级，表示"发达"用developed,而developing是"发展中的"意思3．Therewere_______shopsinthecityin1982thanin1990.A.littleB.fewC.fewerD.less解析：little不能修饰可数名词，两者比较需用比较级，所以应选C.4.Ifyouarenotfreetoday,comeanotherday__________.A.tooB.soC.insteadD.yet解析：instead作副词用时意为"代替，顶替"，表示前面的事情没做，而是做了后面的事。Instead一般位于句首。应选C.5．Hecan"ttellus________,Ithink.A.importantanythingB.anythingimportantC.importantsomethingD.somethingimportant.解析：不定代词与形容词联用需后置，否定句中应该用anything而不是something.因此应选B6.TheHuangRiveristhesecond__________riverinourcountry. A.longB.longerC.longestD.thelongest解析："定冠词the+序数词+形容词最高级"表示"第几大……"应选C.7.Thelightintheofficewasn"t________forhimtoread.A.enoughbrightB.brightenoughC.brightlyD.enoughbrightly解析：enough修饰名词时可前可后，修饰形容词或副词时，要后置。应选B.8.Therewasanaccidentatthecorner.________,thegirlwasn"t_________hurt.A.luckily,badlyB.luck,hardlyC.Lucky,heavilyD.Lucky,strongly解析：第一空修饰全句需用副词，第二空修饰形容词hurt也要用副词，因此选A.9.Youmustkeepyoureyes_________whenyoudoeyeexercises.A.closeB.openC.closedD.,opened解析:此处需用形容词做宾语补足语。应选C.10.Fivedayshaspassed,butIhaven"tfinishedhalfofthework.________,A.alreadyB.stillC.tooD.yet解析：already与yet都可用于现在完成时态。Already常用于肯定句，而yet常用与否定句。应选D.练习与巩固：熟能生巧，取得好成绩！选择最佳答案填空：Don"tworry,sir.I"msureIcanrun_________tocatchupwiththem.A.slowlyenoughB.enoughslowlyC.fastenoughD.enoughfast2.Thetextisveryeasyforyou.Thereare________newwordsinit.A.afewB.alittleC.fewD.little3.It"ssuchan________filmthatallthestudentsare______init. A.interesting;interestedB.interested;interestingC.interesting;interestingD.interested;interested;interested4.Mingminggotupvery_______,sohecametoschoolhalfanhour______.A.late;latelyB.lately;lateC.lately;latelyD.late;late5.Iam________worriedaboutyparents"healthyconditions.A.sometimesB.sometimeC.sometimesD.sometimes6.Wedon"thave________everyday.A.alotofschoolworksB.manyschoolworkC.anyschoolworksD.muchschoolwork7.-Look!Howfastthetwohorsesarerunning!--Oh,yes!Theyarenearly_______.A.upanddownB.slowerandslowerC.moreorlessD.neckandneck8.______childrenthereareinfamily,_______theirlifewillbe.A.Theless;thebetterB.Thefewer;thebetterC.Fewer;richerD.More;poorer9.MostofthepeopleinGuangdongaregetting________.A.moreandmorerichB.morerichandmorerichC.richerandricherD.richerandrichest10.Whichlessonis_______,thisoneorthatone?A.difficultB.muchdifficultC.moredifficultD.themostdifficult11."A______accidenthappenedat7:30a.m."saidthepoliceman_______.A.serious,seriousB.seriously,seriouslyC.seriously,seriousD.serious,seriously12.________isitfromourschooltoLupuBridge?A.HowlongB.HowoftenC.HowfarD.Howmuch 13.Inourcity,itis______inJuly,butitiseven_______inAugust.A.hotter;hottestB.hot;hotC.hotter;hotD.hot;hotter14.Thispencilis______thatone.A.solongasB.aslongerasC.longerthanD.notaslongestas15.Thestationistwokilometers_______thehospital.A.awaytoB.farawayC.farfromD.awayfrom16.Beijinghas______manybusesthatthereisoftenatrafficjaminrushhours.A.soB.veryC.tooD.much17.Thisboxis______heavy________Ican"tcarryit.A.too,toB.so,thatC.very,thatD.too,that18.Indiahasthesecond_______populationintheworld.A.largerB.mostC.smallestD.largest19.Maryreceived________manypostcardsatChristmas.A.soB.suchC.tooD.even20.Thecakesmells______.Pleasethrowitaway.A.goodB.badlyC.badD.well21.---Whatwastheweatherlikeyesterday?---Itwasterrible.Itrainedso________thatpeoplecould_______goout.A.hardly…hardB.hardly…hardlyC.hard…hardlyD.hard…hard22.Themeetingwillbeheldinhalfanhour,buttheyhaven"tgoteverythingready_____.A.everB.alreadyC.yetD.still23.---WhatabouttheEnglishnovel? ---It"snotverydifficult.Thereareonly________newwordsinit.A.fewB.afewC.manyD.alittle24.Howbeautifulshesings!I"veneverheard________.A.thebettervoiceB.agoodvoiceC.thebestvoiceD.abettervoice25.MrSmithalwayshas________totellus.A.somegoodpiecesofnewsB.somepiecesofgoodnewsC.somegoodpieceofnewsD.somepieceofgoodnew26.I"mafraidtheheadmasteris_________busytomeetthevisitors.A.toomuchB.muchtooC.somuchD.verymuch27.-Dad,whenwillyoubefree?Youagreedtogototheseasidewithmefourdaysago.--Iamsorry,Jean.ButIthinkIwillhavea______holidaysoon.A.four-daysB.four-dayC.fourdaysD.fourday28.ThesceneryinSanyalooks________,especially"TianYaHaiJiao"is________.A,well,bestB.fine,themostfamousC.nice,betterD.beautifully,thebest29.Whata_______dayitis!Let"sgooutforawalk.A.windyB.lovelyC.rainyD.cloudy30.Ofthetwo..Australianstudents,Mashais________one.Ithinkyoucanfindhereasily.A,tallestB,thetallerC.tallerD.thetallest1-5CCADC6-10DDBCC11-15DCDCD16-20ABDAC21-25CCADB26-30BBBBB