阅读理解(人物故事)练习_英语考试_外语学习.docx 18页

阅读理解(人物故事)练习_英语考试_外语学习一、高中英语阅读理解人物故事类1．Directions:Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.Whenshewastenyearsold,IsadoraDuncandroppedoutofschooltoteachpeopledance.Ifthatjobwaslefttoanyotherten-year-old,itwouldhaveturnedoutfrustrating,difficult,andalittlediscouraging.ButDuncanwasdifferent.Notonlywasshealreadytalentedenoughtoearnmoneyevenatthatage,butshealsohadararekindofconfidencethathelpedhertreattroublesasfuel—somethingtoelevatethefirethatisalreadyburninginsideofher.It"snosurprise,then,thatwhenshemovedtoNewYorktojoinatheatrecompany,shefoundherselfrestricted.Theexistingdancingstyle,theirwayofoperating—allofthisseemedtohertheworkofamisguidedpast.Duncanwasverydirectaboutwhatshewanted,confidentlytellingpeopleshehadadifferentvisionofdancethatshewasgoingtospreadintheworld.This,naturally,ledtoridiculeandlaughsearlyon,butasshebuiltupherwork,theseinstancesbecamelessfrequent.Today,sheisrememberedas"TheMotherofDance,"withmuchofthemodernartowingitsexpressivestyletoherinfluence.InspiredbytheancientGreeks,shebroughtthestyletolife.Inherautobiography(自传),oneofthethingsDuncanfrequentlyreferstoasthebasisofherexpressivespiritisthefactthatshehadachildhoodwhereshewasn"tconstantlywatched.Theexpectationsofhermother(whoraisedher)wereopen-ended.Itwasthefreedomofthislifestylethatdrovehertoseewhatshecoulddo.Growingup,beforesheleftschool,shewastoldoneoftwothings:thatshewaseithercompletelyuselessorthatshewasagenius.Therewasnothinginbetween.Evenwhenshestartedworking,peopleeitherbowedtoherortheybasicallyignoredher.Buttherewasn"tonemomentDuncandoubtedherowngenius.Thereisanoldquotation"ifyoujudgeafishbyitsabilitytoclimbatree,itwillliveitswholelifebelievingthatitisstupid."Anditcapturesanimportanttruth.Atschool,IsadoraDuncanwasafailure.Inthedancehall,shegaveformtobrilliance.（1）Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"treattroublesasfuel"mean?A.Duncanusedtroublestopushherforwardtowardsherdream.B.Duncanwasgoodatburningawayeverydaytroubles. C.TroublesturnedDuncanintoaconfidentgirl.D.TroubleslitthefireofdancinginDuncan.（2）WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutDuncan?（3）Whatdoestheauthortrytotellthereadersinthelastparagraph?A.Itisuselessclimbingatreetocatchfish.B.Everybodyisageniusinhisownway.C.Miseriescomefromhumanstupidity.D.Teacherscanimpactstudentsgreatly.（4）Whatisthispassagemainlyabout?A.IsadoraDuncan"schildhoodandherachievementstoday.B.Duncan"scareerdevelopmentandotherdancers"opinionsofher.C.IsadoraDuncan"searlyexperiencesandthereasonsforhersuccess.D.Duncan"shighstatusinthedancingworldandheruniqueexpressivestyle.【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）B（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，伊莎多拉·邓肯十岁时辍学去教别人跳舞，作者讲述了她的早期的经历以及其取得成功的原因。（1）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“Notonlywasshealreadytalentedenoughtoearnmoneyevenatthatage,butshealsohadararekindofconfidence即使在那个年龄，她也”有足够的天赋去挣钱，而且她还有一种罕见的自信；以及“somethingtoelevatethefirethatisalreadyburninginsideofher”能让她心中燃烧的火焰更旺，可推测出划线部分的意思应为“用困难推动她向梦想前进”。故选A。（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Duncanwasverydirectaboutwhatshewanted,confidentlytellingpeopleshehadadifferentvisionofdancethatshewasgoingtospreadintheworld.This,naturally,ledtoridiculeandlaughsearlyon,butasshebuiltupherwork,theseinstancesbecamelessfrequent.”可知，她自信地告诉人们她对舞蹈有不同的看法，她将在世界上传播。很自然，这在一开始就引起了人们的嘲笑和大笑，但随着她的工作越来越多，这样的事情就不那么频繁了。由此可知，她的舞蹈风格一开始不被人们接受。故选C。（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“ifyoujudgeafishbyitsabilitytoclimbatree,itwillliveitswholelifebelievingthatitisstupid.如果你以爬”树的能力来判断一条鱼，它终其一生都会认为自己是愚蠢的。接着又指出在学校里，伊莎多拉·邓肯是个失败者。在舞厅里，她光彩夺目。由此可推断出，作者在最后一段想要告诉我们每个人都是独特的天才。故选B。（4）考查主旨大意。伊莎多拉·邓肯十岁时辍学去教别人跳舞，文章主要介绍了她的经历 以及所取得的成功。故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。2．阅读理解I"dliketosharealittlestorywithyouaboutsomethingthathappenedwhenIwasfour.Irememberitclearly.Ourlovingfamilydogwasnearingtheendofhislife.Myfatherpickedhimupandputhiminalittlebedwehadmadeforhim.Ourdog,mycompanion,whomwehadcaredfor,bitmyfatherwhenheattemptedtohelphim.Howcouldhe?Why?Icouldn"tunderstandit.Ididn"tlikehimanymore.Ihadn"tthoughtaboutthatstoryforalongtimebutsomethingthathappenedlastweekbroughtitbacktome.Iwenttospeakwithafriend.WhenIknockedonthedoor,Imetinaninstantanangrylookandafewharsh(尖刻的)words.Whenthedoorwasslammed(砰地关上)inmyface,Istoodthereshocked,andinarush,Iwasremindedofmydogbitmyfather20yearsagoorso.Whatbroughtthatstorybackwasthatsamefeelingofbetrayal.Bothstoriestaughtmesomethingthenextday.Yousee,whenIgotupinthemorningandwastoldmydoghaddied,itbecamecleartomethathemusthavebeeningreatpain.Forhimtohavebittenafamilymember,hecouldnothavebeenhimself.MuchthesamefortheotherstorywhenIlearnedthatmyfriend"swifehadjustlefthim.Weareallbeingsofourenvironments,ouropinionsandfeelings.Andallofthosethingscancauseyoutosayanddothingsthatcan"tbeunderstoodbythosewhoarenotinthesamesituationwithyou.Ifyoumeetsomeoneeitherbehavingoutofcharacteroractinginawaythatdoesn"tseemtofitthesituation,putoutyourhandandbepatientwhenyouthinkitisleastpossibleforhimtodoso.Youmayturnaroundastorythathasasadendingsimplybyyouractions.（1）WhatistheinfluenceoftheincidentmentionedinParagraph1?（2）Whydidtheauthor"sfriendsayharshwordstotheauthor?（3）What"stheauthor"sadvicetous?A.Helpthoseinneed.B.Lookbeforeyouleap.C.Respectforothersisakindofvirtue.D.Learntoputyourselfinothers"shoes. 【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者朋友因为失去妻子很痛苦以不友好的态度对待作者，使作者想起了20年前狗狗咬了父亲这件事情，从两件事情中得出了一个道理：很多因素都会影响人的行为，所以最后总结出，当我们看到别人出乎意料的行为的时候，要以理解的态度耐心的对待他人。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“I"dliketosharealittlestorywithyouaboutsomethingthathappenedwhenIwasfour．Irememberitclearly，”可知作者对这件事情的印象很深刻，故选C。（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“MuchthesamefortheotherstorywhenIlearnedthatmyfriend"swifehadjustlefthim，”可知作者的朋友因为失去了妻子而内心很痛苦所以才会用这样的不友好的态度对待作者，故选B。（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“bepatientwhenyouthinkitisleastpossibleforhimtodoso”，可知当看到别人出乎意料的举动的时候，不要责怪，要耐心地理解他们，用最好的方式去对待，故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。3．Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhaveread.In1888anEgyptianfarmerdigginginthesandnearthevillageofIstablAntaruncoveredamassgrave.Thebodiesweren"thuman.Theywerefeline—ancientcatsthathadbeenmummified(木乃伊化的)andburiedinholesinastonishingnumbers."Notoneortwohereandthere",reportedEnglishIllustratedMagazine,"butdozens,hundreds,hundredsofthousands,alayerofthem,alayerthickerthanmostcoaljoints,tentotwentycatsdeep."Someofthelinen-wrappedcatsstilllookedpresentable,andafewevenhadgoldenfaces.Villagechildrenpeddledthebestonestotouristsforchange;therestweresoldasfertilizer.Oneshiptransportedabout180,000,weighingsome38,000pounds,toLiverpooltobespreadonthefieldsofEngland.Thosewerethedaysofgenerouslyfundedexplorations—thatdraggedthroughacresofdesertintheirquestforroyaltombs,andforsplendidgoldandpaintedmaskstodecoratetheestatesandmuseumsofEuropeandAmerica.ThemanythousandsofmummifiedanimalsthatturnedupatreligioussitesthroughoutEgyptwerejustthingstobeclearedawaytogetatthegoodstuff.Fewpeoplestudiedthem,andtheirimportancewasgenerallyunrecognized.Inthecenturysincethen,archaeologyhasbecomelessofatreasurehuntandmoreofascience.Archaeologistsnowrealizethatmuchoftheirsites"wealthliesinthemajorityofdetailsaboutordinaryfolks—whattheydid,whattheythought,howtheyprayed.Andanimalmummiesareabigpartofthat."They"rereallydisplaysofdailylife,"saysEgyptologistSalimaIkram.Afterpeeringbeneathbandageswithx-raysandcataloguingherfindings,shecreatedagalleryforthecollection—abridgebetweenpeopletodayandthoseoflongago."Youlookatthesemummifiedanimals,and suddenlyyousay,Oh,KingSo-and-Sohadapet.Ihaveapet.Andinsteadofbeingatadistanceof5,000-plusyears,theancientEgyptiansbecomeclearerandclosertous."（1）Whichofthefollowingwordshastheclosestmeaningto"peddled"(paragraph1)?A.modernizedB.displayedC.illustratedD.demonstrated（2）Whywasarchaeologyoncereferredtoasa"treasurehunt"(paragraph3)?A.Intheroyaltombs,thereweremanytreasuresmadeofsilverandgold.B.Animalmummiescouldbemadeintofertilizerwhichisveryvaluable.C.Itwashardtofindanimalmummiessincetheywereburiedunderdirt.D.PeoplesoughttheremainsofancientEgyptmerelyfortheirmaterialvalue.（3）WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutSalimaIkram?A.Shewishestoestablishthecontinuityofpetsoverhistory.B.Shebelievesthatstudyingtheremainscanhelpmodernsocietyrelatetothepast.C.ShewantstoidentifytheKing"spersonalbelongingsandclassifythem.D.ShedoubtsifcurrentsocietywillunderstandthesignificanceofEgyptianremains.（4）Thisarticleprobablyencouragesthereadersto_____________.A.valuethepastbystudyingtheremainsleftbehindbyourancestorsB.makefulluseoftheremainsourancestorshaveleftbehindC.understandthatanimalmummiesaremoreimportantthangoldandmasksD.becomemoresensitivetotheancientlifestyleofourancestors【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）B（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，自从1888年在埃及发现了猫动物的木乃伊之后，大量的皇家墓穴被挖掘，成千上万的木乃伊被运往世界各地，以攫取物质利益。后来考古学家不再只是寻宝，而是把它作为一门科学研究。因为木乃伊展示了古埃及人的日常生活。正如古物学家萨利玛·伊克拉姆所说，木乃伊的研究是现代社会和过去的联系的桥梁。（1）考查词义猜测。根据第一段中"Villagechildrenpeddledthebestonestotouristsforchange;therestweresoldasfertilizer."可知，peddled后的"totouristsforchange"即"把最好的给游客来换取零钱"，可知，此处的peddled是"兜售"给游客以换取零钱，可知peddle就是向他人炫耀从而售出，故选B。（2）考查推理判断。第二段叙述了"最初考古是为了寻找皇家陵墓，寻找华丽的黄金和彩绘面具来装饰欧洲和美洲的地产和博物馆。成千上万的来自古埃及的动物木乃伊出现在埃及各地的宗教场所，但很少有人研究它们"。可知，考古就是寻宝，为了物质上的价值。以及第三段中的“Inthecenturysincethen,archaeologyhasbecomelessofatreasurehuntandmoreofascience.”从那以后的一个世纪里，考古学已不再是寻宝，而是一门科学，可知，他们寻找古埃及的遗迹仅仅是为了他们的物质价值。分析选项可知D项符合题意，故选D。（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“shecreatedagalleryforthecollection—abridgebetweenpeopletodayandthoseoflongago.可知，Salima”Ikram把她的发现进行分类之后， 她为这些收藏品创建了一个画廊——一座连接今天的人和很久以前的人的桥梁。以及她的话"Youlookatthesemummifiedanimals,andsuddenlyyousay,Oh,KingSo-and-Sohadapet.Ihaveapet.Andinsteadofbeingatadistanceof5,000-plusyears,theancientEgyptiansbecomeclearerandclosertous.""你看着这些动物木乃伊，突然你说，哦，国王某某养了一只宠物。我有一只宠物。古埃及人与我们之间的距离不再是5000多年前的事了，而是变得更加清晰，离我们更近了。"由此可推断出她认为研究这些遗迹有助于把现代社会与过去联系起来。故选B。（4）考查推理判断。本文主要叙述了古代埃及的木乃伊展示了古代埃及人的日常生活，是了解它们的途径，有助于在现代社会与过去的之间建立一座桥梁。通过研究它们可以让我们正确的评估过去。分析选项可知A符合题意，故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及词义猜测和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。4．阅读理解About6yearsago,Iwasonaplanenexttoawoman.Iwastiredandwantedtotakeanap.ButbeforeIcouldgointo"ignorepattern",shetappedmeontheshouldertointroduceherself."Hi,mynameisHelga!"WegottotalkingandeventuallyitcameupthatIhadstartedanorganizationinhighschoolcalledR.A.K.E.(RandomActsofKindness,Etc.).AsIdescribedwhatwedid,Helgagotveryseriousandtoldmethatsheadmiredmeforthat.Shetoldmeastoryaboutthelasttimeshehadflown.ShewasonthewaytoArizonabecauseshehadgottensuddennewsthatherdad"shealthwasonthedecline.Laterherfather"sphysiciancalledtoinformherthatherdadhadrathersuddenlypassedaway.Forthe3-hourplaneride,shesatinsilencearoundstrangers.WhenshearrivedattheairportinArizona,shewalkedtothenearestwall,satdown,andcried.AndhereisthepartI"llneverforgetaboutHelga"sstory.For2hoursshesatandweptwhilethousandswalkedtoandfrointheairport.Helgalookedatmeandsaid,"Houston,notasinglepersonstoppedandaskedifIwasokaythatday."ItwasthatdaythatIrealizedhowmuchweneedeachother.ItwasthatdayIrealizedthatkindnessisn"tnormal.Kindnessisn"tnormal.Thathasstuckwithmealltheseyearsespeciallynow.Iworkinschoolsnationwidespeakingaboutsympathy,kindness,empathy(同理心)andlove.I"mremindedallthetimethat,formanyofus,kindnessisnotusuallyourdefaultsetting.Wespendsomuchtimeworryingaboutourproblems,ourlives,ourinsecurities,gettingtoourflightsowewalkbyorignorepeopleinneedofhelp.So,I"vemadeitmymissiontodomypartinsharingstorieswithstudents,teachers,andparentsaboutourneedforcharacterandsympathy.I"malwaysbeonthelookoutforthelittleopportunitiesthatsurroundmeeverydaytodosomethingnice.（1）WhatimpressedtheauthormostaboutHelga"sstory?A.Helga"sanxietyoverherfather"ssuddenillness.B.HelgahadnoonetotalktoonherflighttoArizona.C.Helgawasignoredbypeoplearoundherwhenshecried.D.Helgacouldn"tgetoverhersadnessoverherFather"sdeath. （2）Whichcanbestexplaintheunderlinedpart"defaultsetting"inparagraph5?A.Usualwayofdoingthings.B.Unexpectedwaytodothings.C.Ignorancetopeoplearound.D.Biggestsurprisetoothers.（3）Whatcanweknowabouttheauthor?A.Hestartedmanyclubsinhighschool.B.Heusedtobeaschoolteacher.C.Heteacheskidshowtobehavewell.D.Heisapromoterofagoodcause.（4）Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ComfortingPeopleinNeedB.MakingKindnessNormalC.IgnoringUnnecessaryTroublesD.PractisingKindnessonthePlane【答案】（1）C（2）A（3）D（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者乘飞机时和女乘客Helga坐在了一起，Helga讲述了关于她的父亲死亡时，她在Arizona机场伤心痛苦时，旁人的态度，使得作者想在学校组织善行，让学生们用自己的善意去帮助那些需要帮助的人。（1）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“AndhereisthepartI"llneverforgetaboutHelga"sstory.For2hoursshesatandweptwhilethousandswalkedtoandfrointheairport.”可知作者对Helga哭泣时来来往往的人漠不关心的态度印象深刻，受到了触动，故选C。（2）考查词义猜测。根据第五段中的“Wespendsomuchtimeworryingaboutourproblems,ourlives,ourinsecurities,gettingtoourflightsowewalkbyorignorepeopleinneedofhelp.”可知，我们总是过多的关注自己，所以行善不是我们通常做事的方式，可推知选A。（3）考查推理判断。根据第五段中的“Iworkinschoolsnationwidespeakingaboutsympathy,kindness,empathy(同理心)andlove.”以及最后一段中的“I"vemadeitmymissiontodomypartinsharingstorieswithstudents,teachers,andparentsaboutourneedforcharacterandsympathy.”可知作者是一个好的事业推广者，选D。（4）考查主旨大意，纵观全文可知。本文通过Helga讲述自己的经历，使得作者决定要让善行成为人们习以为常的事，注意关注生活中需要帮助的人，不冷漠以待。可知选B。【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。5．阅读理解 Theboysatonhischair,withhishandabovethekeyboard.Hethoughtaboutwhattowrite.Herecalledthatthecompetitiondeadlinewasmerelyaweekaway.Buthestillhadnotevenstartedonhispiece.Helookedatthebrochureagain."WRITINGCOMPETITION!"thetitleread.Hismomhadencouragedhimtoenterthewritingcompetition,andnowhewastakingitonashispersonaltaskfortheholidays.Astheboyreflectedonhispreviouswritingefforts,herealizedhowhopelesshistaskofwinningwas.Everystoryheeverwrotewasbasedonotherstories.Hehadlittleimagination,andunfortunately,imaginationwasthekeytowriting.Suddenly,hehadabrainwave.Thistime,hecameupwithanoriginalandimaginativestory.Thewordsshottowardshimlikeastormofleaves.Wordswerecomingeasily,flowingthroughhim,fasterthanhecouldtype.Hetypedfasterthanheeverhadbefore.Hecontinuedtotype,amazedathoweasywritingthisstorywas.Theboycouldnotstopwriting.Helookedatthewordcountandsawthenumber"248"staringrightbackathim.Hewasnotevenhalfwayyet.Thenheheardthecallofhismothersayingtimeforbed.Hecontinuedwritingthepiece,ignoringher.Hehadtomakeupforthetimehehadlostthinkingaboutatopictowrite.Finally,hefinished.Thewordcountnowread"498"."Perfect,"hethought,"justunderthewordlimit."Heknewthiswasthestorythatwouldwin.HewentontoGoogleandsearchedforthecompetition.Hefoundthepagebuttherewasno"Enter"button.（1）Whatcausedtheboytotakepartinthewritingcompetition?A.Anewcomputer.B.Theprizemoney.C.Hisowninterest.D.Hismom"sadvice.（2）Howdidtheboyfinishhisearlierwriting?A.Hismomhelpedhim.B.Hecopiedothers"ideas.C.Hisfriendsassistedhim.D.Heusedhisimagination.（3）Whydidtheboydelayhiswriting?A.Becausehewasterriblylazy.B.Becausehedidn"tknowwhattowrite.C.Becausehewasn"tconfident.D.Becausehereadtoomanystories.（4）Whichmightbethemaximumwordlimitforeachentry?A.100.B.250.C.500.D.1000.【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）B（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，一个男孩，在妈妈的建议下，参加了写作比赛。一开始，他不知道写些什么，后来，有了创作的灵感，文章一气呵成。（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Hismomhadencouragedhimtoenterthewritingcompetition可”知这个男孩妈妈的建议使这个男孩参加了写作比赛，故选D。（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Everystoryheeverwrotewasbasedonotherstories.Hehadlittleimagination,andunfortunately,imaginationwasthekeytowriting.他写的每一个”故事都是根据其他故事改编的。他缺乏想象力，不幸的是，想象力是写作的关键。由此推断出这个男孩是通过抄袭别人的想法，来完成他早期的写作的，故选B。 （3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Suddenly,hehadabrainwave.Thistime,hecameupwithanoriginalandimaginativestory.突”然，他灵光一闪。这一次，他想出了一个新颖而富有想象力的故事。由此推断出，男孩推迟写作是因为他不知道该写什么，故选B。（4）考查推理判断。根据倒数第三段中的“Finally,hefinished.Thewordcountnowread‘498以’及.倒”数第二段中的“‘Perfect,hethought,’just‘underthewordlimit.’knewHethiswasthestorythatwouldwin.可知他写”了章的最大字数限制是500字，故选C。498个字，刚好在字数限制内，由此推断出每篇文【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。6．阅读理解Formanyfamilies,anightattheballparkisatreat.Butitcanbeaterribleexperienceforthosewithautistic(自闭症的)children,whoaresensitivetolightandnoiseandusuallybecomeupsetandscared.Forthesefamilies,fearofhowtheirchildwillreacttonewsituations-andhowotherswillreacttothem-keepsthemfromgainingeverydayexperiencesothersgettohave.Dr.WendyRosswasheartbrokentoseethat.Thepediatrician(儿科医生)inPhiladelphiaalsoknewthatseparationfromthecommunitydidn"tserveherpatientswellinthelongrun."Ifkidsarenotinthecommunity,buildingtheirskillsfromveryyoungages,thenthere"snoreasontoexpectthemtobeindependentoneday,"Rosssaid."It"sasocialdisability.Itneedstobeaddressedinasocialsetting."Soin2007,Rosssetouttodojustthat.Today,hernonprofit,AutismInclusionResources,helpsfamiliesaffectedbyautismdealwithchallengingsocialsituations,suchassportingevents,airporttravelandmuseumvisits.ManyMajorLeagueBaseballteamsholdannual44autismawarenessnights",whentheytaketemporarymeasuressuchasloweringthevolume(音量)onthepublicaddresssystem.ButRosswantedtodomore."Youcan"tturndownthevolumeoftheworld,"Rosssaid."It"snicetodoitforonenight,butourgoalisforfamiliestobeabletogotoagameonanynight."Tothatend,RosspartneredwiththePhiladelphiaPhilliestodevelopacreativeprogram.ShearmedallthePhilliesplayersandgame-daystaffwithknowledgeaboutautismandhowtointeractwithindividualswhohavethedisorder.Eachfamilyisalsoprovidedaclinicianatthegamewhogivesadditionalsupportifproblemsarise.Shealsohelpspreparethefamiliesfortheevent.Rosshasalsofoundherairporttravelprogramtobesuccessfulforfamilies.Usingthesameprinciples,shetrainsairlineandsecuritystaffatmajorairportsandthenguidesfamiliesthroughthetravelexperience,includingcheckingin,goingthroughsecurityandboardingaplane.Rosshopesthatthetoolsshegivesfamiliescanhelpthemexploreothersettingsontheirown."Wereallyseeitasasteppingstonetoabrighterfuture,"shesaid.（1）AccordingtoRoss,whatdoesasocialdisabilitymean?A.Fearinglightandnoise.B.Lackingsocialexperience.C.Havingtorelyonothersforhelp.D.Beingseparatedfromthecommunity. （2）Whatdoestheunderlinedpart"domore",imply?A.Makingtheballparklessnoisy.B.Makingbaseballteamsautism-friendly.C.Providinganormalgameforautisticchildren.D.Encouragingautisticchildrentogooutintopublic.（3）WhatisthePhiladelphiaPhillies?A.Abaseballteam.B.Abaseballgame.C.Ateamofclinicians.D.Familieswithautisticchildren.（4）WhatisthepurposeofRoss"sairporttravelprogram?A.Tohelpfamiliestolearnaboutairtravel.B.Toteachairportstaffknowledgeaboutautism.C.Toteachautisticchildrenhowtotravelbyair.D.Tohelpautisticchildrengetusedtosocialsituations.【答案】（1）C（2）C（3）A（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，儿科医生Dr.WendyRoss为了让深受自闭症折磨的孩子和家庭能够顺利融入社会而做出的卓有成效的努力。（1）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Ifkidsarenotinthecommunity,buildingtheirskillsfromveryyoungages,thenthere"snoreasontoexpectthemtobeindependentoneday,"以及"It"sasocialdisability.Itneedstobeaddressedinasocialsetting."一句中解释了asocialdisability的概念:无法独立,只能依靠别人的帮助。故选C。（2）考查句义猜测。根据第六段中的”It"snicetodoitforonenight,butourgoalisforfamiliestobeabletogotoagameonanynight.可知Ross并不是“只想举办一场特殊的比赛,而是想让患有自闭症的孩子们每个晚上都能观看比赛。由此可知"domore意为:为自闭症孩子提供正常比赛。故选C。（3）考查推理判断。根据第七段中的"partneredwiththePhiladelphiaPhillies"及第八段中的”ShearmedallthePhilliesplayers..."可知PhiladelphiaPhillies应该是一支棒球队伍。故选A。（4）考查推理判断。根据第五段中的""...helpsfamiliesaffectedbyautismdealwithchallengingsocialsituations,suchassportingevents,airporttravelandmuseumvisits"；以及倒数第二段中的"Rosshasalsofoundherairporttravelprogramtobesuccessfulforfamilies.Usingthesameprinciples..."可知,让患自闭症的儿童去机场也是使这些儿童适应社会环境。故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，句义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。7．阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。 In2011,NancyBallardwentforaroutinecheckupthatturnedintosomethingextraordinary.Infact,shewascarryingapaintingofaplantshe"ddonewhenshearrivedatherdoctor"sSanFranciscooffice."Itwouldbegreatifwehadartworklikethatforourchemotherapy(化疗)rooms,"thenursesaid.Ballardaskedtoseeone.Shewasshockedbywhatshefound.Thewallsweredullandbare,andthepaintwaschipping(剥落).Itwasadepressingroomforadepressingroutine—patientsrestrictedtochemodripsforperhapsseveralhours,oftenwithnothingtolookatotherthanthosesadwalls.Ballarddidn"thavecancerherself,butshecouldsympathizewiththepatients."Icouldn"timaginehowanyonecouldeventhinkaboutgettinghealthyinaroomlikethat,"shesays.Asithappens,Ballard"sphysician,StephenHufford,wasillwithcancerhimself,sofindingtimetodecoratetheroomswaslowonhisto-dolist.SoBallardmadeithermissiontobrightenuptheplace.Shestartedbye-mailing20localdesigners."Iwrote,"Youdon"tknowme.Butmyhearthurtsafterseeingtheserooms,"sheremembers.ShethenaskedwhethertheywoulddonatetheirtimeandmoneytotransformjustoneofDr.Hufford"sroomseach.Asithappened,sixofthemwrotebackalmostimmediately.Sixroomsgotnewpaint,lightfixtures,artwork,andfurniture.Dr.Huffordwasdelighted."Allthepatientsfeelrelievedofthepainbecauseofit,"hesaid.Heevennotedthathisowntoneofvoicewasdifferentintheroomsandthathewasbetterabletoconnectwithhispatients.Ballardwassoencouragedbythepatients"reactionsthatshecreatedanonprofit,RoomsThatRock4Chemo,toraisemoneyanddecoratemorespaces.Sincethen,shehasworkedon20projects,includingoneinPennsylvania."WewereinPhiladelphiaforaribboncutting,andawomanwasthereonherthirdbattlewithcancer,"saysBallard."Whenshesawwhatwe"ddone,shesaid,"I"mgonnabeatitthistime.IthoughtIwasn"tgoingto,butnowIknowI"mgonnabeatit".（1）WhatmadeBallarddecidetohelpdecoratethechemotherapyrooms?（2）WhatoutcomedoesBallard"seffortbringabout?A.Morehospitalswillbebuilt,B.Huffordcuredmorepatients.C.Thecancerpatientswerefeelingbetter.D.Hufford"schemotherapyroomsgotgoodfame.（3）WhichwordsbestdescribeNancyBallard?（4）Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?A.DesignforHope B.BattleagainstCancerC.DonationforPatientsD.DecorationinHospital【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）A（4）A【解析】【分析】是一篇叙文，NancyBallard出于癌症病人的同情，决定帮忙装化室。Ballard的努力，使得癌症患者重新生活充了希望。（1）考理解。根据第二段中的“Ballarddidn"thavecancerherself,butshecouldsympathizewiththepatients.”本人Ballard并没有患癌症，但她同情病人。由此可知，Ballard癌症病人的同情，使她决定帮忙装化室，故A。（2）考理解。根据第四段中的"‘Allthepatientsfeelrelievedofthepainbecauseofit,hesaid.”他：“所有的病人都因此感到疼痛减了。”由此可知，Ballard的努力使得癌症患者感好多了，故C。（3）考推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Ballardwassoencouragedbythepatients"reactionsthatshecreatedanonprofit,RoomsThatRock4Chemo,toraisemoneyanddecoratemorespaces.病”人的反巴拉德深受鼓舞，她建了一个非利"RoomsthatRockChemo"来筹集金，并装更多的空。由此推断出，NancyBallard是一个有心，有奉献精神的人，故A。（4）考主旨大意。本文介了NancyBallard出于癌症病人的同情，决定帮忙装化室。Ballard的努力，使得癌症患者重新生活充了希望。所以篇文章最好的目是“希望而”，故A。【点】本考点涉及理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个型的考，是一篇故事，要求考生在捕捉信息的基上，一步根据上下文的关系，行分析，推理，概括和，从而出正确答案。8．下列短文，从每所的A、B、C和D四个中，出最佳。I.M.Pei,theChinese-American,whowasregardedasoneofthelastgreatmodernistarchitects,hasdiedattheageof102.AlthoughheworkedmostlyintheUnitedStates,PeiwillalwaysberememberedforaEuropeanproject:HisredevelopmentoftheLouvreMuseuminParisinthe1980s.Hegaveustheglassandmetalpyramidinthemaincourtyard,alongwiththreesmallerpyramidsandavastsubterranean(地下的)additiontothemuseumentrance.PeiwasthefirstforeignarchitecttoworkontheLouvreinitslonghistory,andinitiallyhisdesignswerefiercelyopposed.Butintheend,theFrench—andeveryoneelse—werewonover.WinningthefifthPritzkerArchitecturePrizein1983,hewasthoughtasgivingthe20thcentury"someofitsmostbeautifulinsidespacesandoutsideformsHistalentandskill⋯intheuseofmaterialsapproachthelevelofpoetry."AfterstudyingarchitectureattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyandHarvard,Peiset uphisownarchitecturalpracticeinNewYorkin1955.DesigningtheJohnF.KennedyPresidentialLibrary&Museumin1964establishedhimasaname.HisEastBuildingoftheNationalGalleryofArtinWashingtonin1978changedpeople"sideasofamuseum.Thesitewasanoddtrapezoid(梯形)shape.Pei"ssolutionwastocutitintwo.Theresultingbuildingwasdramatic,lightandelegant—oneofthefirstcrowd-pleasingcathedralsofmodernart.Thoughknownasamodernist,andnotableforhisformsbasedonarrangementsofsimplegeometric(几何的)shapes,heonceurgedChinesearchitectstolookmoretotheirarchitecturaltraditionratherthandesigninginawesternstyle.Inperson,I.M.Peiwasgood-humored,charmingandunusuallymodest.Hisworkingprocesswasevolutionary,butinnovation(创新)wasneveranintendedgoal."Stylisticoriginalityisnotmypurpose,"hesaid."Iwanttofindtheoriginalityinthetime,theplaceandtheproblem."（1）WhatcanwelearnabouttheresultofredevelopmentoftheLouvreMuseum?A.ItwascriticizedbytheFrench.B.Itwasasuccess.C.ItmadetheLouvreMuseumlooksstrange.D.ItchangedthefunctionoftheLouvreMuseum.（2）Whatcanwelearnfromtheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph4?（3）What"sthecorrectorderofthefollowingevents?a.DesigntheJohnF.KennedyPresidentialLibrary&Museum.b.StudyarchitectureattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyandHarvard.c.DesigntheNationalGalleryofArt.dWinthefifthPritzkerArchitecturePrize.A.a,b,c,dB.b,a,c,dC.b,c,a,dD.d,a,c,d（4）WhatcanwelearnaboutI.M.Pei?A.Innovationwashisfirstgoalindesign.B.Hewastalentedandserious.C.Hepreferredwesternstyletotheeast.D.Helikedsimplegeometricshapes.【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）B（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇人物介绍，介绍了享誉世界最后的现代主义建筑大师——贝聿铭。（1）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Peiwasthefirstforeignarchitecttoworkonthe Louvreinitslonghistory,andinitiallyhisdesignswerefiercelyopposed.Butintheend,theFrench—andeveryoneelse—werewonover.”聿是浮悠久史上的第一位外国建筑，最初他的遭到烈反。但最，法国人，以及全世界，都被（他的精妙所）折服。从而可以推，浮博物重建非常成功。故B。（2）考句猜。根据第三段中的“Histalentandskillintheuseofmaterialsapproachthelevelofpoetry.”中的关talentandskill和theuseofmaterials可知，此句字面含：他在使用（建筑）材料方面的才和技达到了一般的境界，即他是用材料方面的家。故A。（3）考理解。根据第四段中的“AfterstudyingarchitectureattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyandHarvard,PeisetuphisownarchitecturalpracticeinNewYorkin1955.可知，1955年，聿在麻省理工学院和哈佛大学学建筑学；第五段中的“DesigningtheJohnF.KennedyPresidentialLibrary&Museumin1964establishedhimasaname.年，”1964聿了翰·肯尼迪和博物；“HisEastBuildingoftheNationalGalleryofArtinWashingtonin1978changedpeople"sideasofamuseum.”年1978了盛国家美；第三段中的“WinningthefifthPritzkerArchitecturePrizein1983,hewasthoughtasgivingthe20thcentury‘someofitsmostbeautifulinsidespacesandoutsideforms聿于⋯”1983年得普利克建筑。故B。（4）考推理判断。根据第六段中的“Thoughknownasamodernist,andnotableforhisformsbasedonarrangementsofsimplegeometric(几何的)shapes,heonceurgedChinesearchitectstolookmoretotheirarchitecturaltraditionratherthandesigninginawesternstyle.可知，聿的建筑物基于几何形状排列的形式而名，从而推断出，他喜的几何形状。故D。【点】本考点涉及理解，句猜和推理判断三个型的考，是一篇人物，要求考生准确捕捉信息，合上下文的关系，行分析，推理，从而出正确答案。9．下列短文，从每所的四个（A、B、C和D）中，出最佳。Thisyearmarksthe170thanniversaryofPaulGauguin"sbirth.Helivedforjust54yearsbuthepackedhisbrieflifewithactivity.TheFrenchpainterspenthisearlychildhoodinPerubeforereturningtoFrance.Asanadult,hecontinuedtotravelalot.Mostfamously,hespentmuchofthelastdecadeofhislifeinTahiti,anislandinsouthernPacificOcean.Indeed,GauguinisbestknownforhiscolorfulpaintingsofTahitiansandtheirculture.Therestlessnessofthisgreatpainterhasbeennormalamongmodernartistssincethemiddleofthe19thcentury.They"reneversatisfiedforlongwithacertainstyleorwayoflife.Oncesomethingbecomesconventional,it"sturneddown.TheartisticculturethatGauguindevelopedfromwasthatofImpressionism(印象派).PainterslikeClaudeMonethadwantedtopainthowtheysawtheworld,nothowtheirteacherstaughtthemitshouldbeseen.Gauguin,andsimilarartistslikehisfriendVincentvanGogh,movedevenfurtherawayfrom"respectable"artthantheImpressionists.Forthem,itwasnotsimplyamatter ofseeingtheworlddifferently,butfeelingandthinkingaboutitdifferently,too.Gauguinsaw,feltandthoughtdifferentlyfrommostmembersofEuropeansociety.HethoughtthatEuropeanculturewastoofancyandnotspontaneous.Thisiswhyheturnedtothetraditionsofotherpartsoftheworld,likeAfrica,and,eventually,Tahiti.ArtistslikeGauguinusedtheword"primitive"forthesecultures,butnotasanegativeterm.Forhim,Europe,inbecomingmodem,industrialandscientific,seemedlessnaturalthanotherpartsoftheworld.Intruth,Gauguin"spaintingsmaybeunconventionalbuttheyarecertainlynot"primitive".Theyaretheworkofapainterwithgreatawarenessofwhathewasdoing.Itwasthisawarenessthatmadehimsuchanimportantpainterforthosethatcameafter,inthe20thcentury.WhenwelookcloselyattheworksofGauguinwebegintounderstandPabloPicasso,andespeciallyHenriMatisse,alittlebetter.（1）WhatcanweinferaboutGauguin"slife?A.Hehadanunhappychildhood.B.HelivedmostofhislifeinPeru.C.HeenjoyedpaintinginTahiti.D.Hepreferredatraditionallifestyle.（2）What"sthemainpurposeofParagraph4?A.ToexplainwhyGauguin"sworkswerepopular.B.TopointoutwhereGauguin"sinspirationcamefrom.C.ToshowGauguin"sdifferentunderstandingofpainting.D.TocompareGauguin"spaintingstylewithVincentvanGogh"s.（3）Whichofthefollowingbestexplains"spontaneous"underlinedinParagraph5?A.NaturalB.ModernC.IndustrialD.Scientific（4）TheauthormentionsPicassoandMatisseinthelastparagraphtoshow________.A.theirstylesaredifferentfromGauguin"sB.greatartistssharemanysimilaritiesC.theyareasimportantasGauguinD.Gauguin"sinfluenceontheirworks【答案】（1）C（2）C（3）A（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇人物传记，今年是Gauguin诞辰170周年。他只活了54年，但他短暂的一生充满了活力。这篇文章介绍了著名画家Gauguin的生平及其作品。（1）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Indeed,GauguinisbestknownforhiscolorfulpaintingsofTahitiansandtheirculture.事“实上，Gauguin最为人所知的是他对塔希提人和他们的文化的丰富多彩的绘画。”可知，他喜欢在塔希提岛画画。故选C。（2）考查段落大意。根据第四段中的“TheartisticculturethatGauguindevelopedfromwasthatofImpressionism(印象派).”Gauguin发展起来的艺术文化是印象派；以及“Gauguin,andsimilarartistslikehisfriendVincentvanGogh,movedevenfurtherawayfromthantheImpressionists.”和Gauguin他的朋友文森特·梵高（VincentvanGogh）等类似艺术家比印象派画家更远离“受人尊敬的”艺术。可知第四段的目的是“展示Gauguin对绘画的不同理解。”故选C。（3）考查词义猜测。根据第五段中的“Forhim,Europe,inbecomingmodem,industrialand‘respectable scientific,seemedlessnaturalthanotherpartsoftheworld.工业化和科学化的过程中，似乎没有世界其他地区那么自然。在他看来，欧洲在走”向现代化、”由此推知HethoughtthatEuropeanculturewastoofancyandnotspontaneous.中划线词的意思是“自然的”。故选A。（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Itwasthisawarenessthatmadehimsuchanimportantpainterforthosethatcameafter,inthe20thcentury.WhenwelookcloselyattheworksofGauguinwebegintounderstandPabloPicasso,andespeciallyHenriMatisse,alittlebetter.”正是这种意识使他成为20世纪后来者的重要画家。当我们仔细观察Gauguin的作品时，我们开始更好地理解毕加索，尤其是马蒂斯。”可知，作者在最后一段中提到了毕加索和马蒂斯，以展示Gauguin对他们作品的影响。故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，词义猜测和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。10．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Itwasrainy,andIhadnodesiretodriveupthewindingmountainroadtomydaughterCarolyn"shouse.ButshehadinsistedthatIcometoseesomethingatthetopofthemountain.SohereIwas,reluctantlymakingthetwo-hourjourneythroughfogthathunglikeveils.BythetimeIsawhowthickitwasnearthesummit,I"dgonetoofartoturnback.Nothingcouldbeworththis,IthoughtasIinchedalongthedangeroushighway."I"llstayforlunch,butI"mheadingbackdownassoonasthefoglifts,"IannouncedwhenIarrived."ButIneedyoutodrivemetothegaragetopickupmycar,"Carolynsaid,"Couldweatleastdothat?""Howfarisit?"Iasked."Aboutthreeminutes,"shesaid,"I"lldrive—I"musedtoit."Aftertenminutesonthemountainroad,Ilookedatheranxiously."Ithoughtyousaidthreeminutes."Shegrinned."Thisisadetour."Turningdownanarrowtrack,weparkedthecarandgotout.Wewalkedalongapaththatwasthickwitholdpineneedles.Hugeblack-greenevergreenstoweredoverus.Gradually,thepeaceandsilenceoftheplacebegantofillmymind.Thenweturnedacomerandstopped—andIgaspedinamazement.Fromthetopofthemountain,slopingforseveralacresacrossthemountainsideandvalleys,wereriversofflowersinnumerouscolors.Itlookedasthoughthesunhadtippedoverandspilledgolddownthemountainside.Aseriesofquestionsfilledmymind.Whocreatedsuchbeauty?Why?How?Asweapproachedthehomethatstoodinthecenteroftheproperty,wesawasignthatread:"AnswerstotheQuestionsIKnowYouAreAsking."Thefirstanswerwas:"OneWoman—TwoHands,TwoFeet,andVeryLittleBrain."Thesecondwas:"OneataTime."Thethird:"Startedin1958."Aswedrovehome,Iwassomovedbywhatwehadseen.Icouldscarcelyspeak."Shechanged theworld."Ifinallysaid,"onebulb(球茎)atatime.Shestartedalmost40yearsago,probablyjustthebeginningofanidea,butshekeptatit."Thewonderofitwouldnotletmego."Imagine,"Isaid,"ifI"dhadavisionandworkedatit,justalittlebiteveryday,whatmightIhaveaccomplished?"Carolynlookedatmesideways,smiling."Starttomorrow,"shesaid."Betteryet,starttoday."（1）Whatwastheweatherlikewhentheauthordrovetovisitherdaughter?A.Itwassnowing.B.Itwasfoggy.C.Itwasfreezing.D.Itwassunny.（2）Whatcanbeinferredaboutthedaughter?A.Shetoldawhitelietohermother.B.Shewasanexperienceddriver.C.Shedidn"tknowthewayverywell.D.Shekneweverythingaboutthewoman.（3）Themotherbegantoenjoyherselfwhen________.A.theyweredrivinginthecarB.theywereatthegarageC.theywereontheirwaybackD.theywerewalkinginthewoods（4）Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheowneroftheproperty?A.Crazyandsilly.B.Determinedandpersistent.C.Braveandcareful.D.Beautifulandcourageous.（5）Whatdoyouthinkthemotherwilldoafterthisvisit?A.Shewilllookafterhergrandchildren.B.Shewillpayasecondvisittothegarden.C.Shewillbegintodosomethingmeaningful.D.Shewillcomeandlivewithherdaughter.【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）D（4）B（5）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者在下雨天受女儿坚持去山顶看风景，去往山顶的过程有些麻烦，但到达山顶后，被山顶的美景所折服。当作者走到一个房子，看到了从很久之前开始一直存在一个标牌，由此引发了作者感慨：如果有一个愿景，并为此每天坚持一点点，那最终会达到什么。（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“SohereIwas,reluctantlymakingthetwo-hourjourneythroughfogthathunglikeveils.可知作者很”不情愿地走了两个小时，穿过像面纱一样悬挂着的雾开车去见自己的女儿。作者开车去见女儿时，是雾天，故选B。（2）考查推理判断。根据第八段中的“Aftertenminutesonthemountainroad,Ilookedatheranxiously.‘Ithoughtyousaidthreeminutes可知.女儿告诉作者’"要走三分钟，结果走了十分钟也没到，再结合下文可知女儿这样做是为了让作者欣赏山上的美景而撒了一个善意的谎言。故选A。（3）考查细节理解。根据第十段中的“Wewalkedalongapaththatwasthickwitholdpineneedles.的。故选可”知作者和女儿是沿着一条满是老松针的小路走着时，开始欣赏美景，自得其乐D。（4）考查推理判断。根据倒数第四段“Thefirstanswerwas:"OneWomanTwoHands,—TwoFeet,andVeryLittleBrain."Thesecondwas:"OneataTime."Thethird:"Startedin1958."可知 这些景色的所有者是一个女人，用两只手，两只脚，加上一点想法，一次一个从1958年开始种植的。可知这个所有人是非常有决心和坚持不懈的。故选B。（5）考查推理判断。根据最后一段Carolynlookedatmesideways,smiling."Starttomorrow,"shesaid."Betteryet,starttoday."可知文章的最后Carolyn微笑着看着我。“明天开始，”她说。“更好的是，从今天开始。”结合上文作者的感悟可推理此次参观之后这位母亲会开始做一些有意义的事情。故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。