高一英语试卷英语阅读理解(人物故事)题分类汇编及解析.docx 17页

高一英语试卷英语阅读理解(人物故事)题分类汇编及解析一、高中英语阅读理解人物故事类1．阅读理解Inthenineteenthcentury,oneofAmerica"sgreatestwriters,WaltWhitman,helpedpeoplelearntovaluepoetry.Whitmancreatedanewkindofpoetry.WaltWhitmanwasbornineighteennineteeninNewYorkCity.Duringhislonglife,hewatchedAmericagrowfromayoungnationtothestrongestindustrialpowerintheworld.Asayoungman,Whitmanworkedasaschoolteacher,aprinterandanewspaperreporter.Hewasthirty-sixyearsoldwhenhepublishedhisfirstbookofpoetryineighteenfifty-five.HecalleditLeavesofGrass.Ithadonlytwelvepoems.Thepoemsarewritteninfreeverse.Thelinesdonotfollowanysetform.Somelinesareshort.Somearelong.Thewordsattheendofeachlinedonothaveasimilarsound.Theydonotrhyme.OneofAmerica"sgreatestthinkersandwritersimmediatelyrecognizedtheimportanceofLeavesofGrass.RalphWaldoEmersonpraisedWhitman"swork.Butmostotherpoetsandwriterssaidnothingandevendenouncedit.MostreadersalsorejectedWhitman"spoems.Thenewformofhispoetrysurprisedmanypeople.EvenhisownbrothertoldWhitmanthatheshouldstopwritingpoetry.ButWhitmanhadmanythingstosay.Andhecontinuedtosaythem.ReadersbegantounderstandthatAmericahadagreatnewpoeticvoice.WaltWhitman"spoemspraisetheUnitedStatesanditsdemocracy.ThepoetexpressedhisloveforAmericaanditspeopleinmanyways.ExpertstodaypraiseLeavesofGrassasamajorliterarywork.Ineighteenseventy-three,WaltWhitmansufferedastroke.HespentthelastyearsofhislifeinCamden,NewJersey.Whitmanwaspoorandweakduringthelastyearsofhislife.Hediedineighteenninety-two.SomecriticssayWaltWhitmanwasaspokesmanfordemocracy.Otherssayhewasnotaspokesmanforanything.Instead,theysimplycallhimagreatpoet.（1）WhatcanweknowaboutWhitman?A.Hispoemshavethesamerhyme.B.HeisthefirstgreatpoetintheUSAC.Hehelpedpeopletocreatenewpoems.D.Hispoemsshowhisloveforhiscountry.（2）WhywasLeavesofGrassrefusedatfirst?（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"denounced"inParagraph3mostprobablymean?A.Accused.B.Downloaded.C.Published.D.Translated.（4）Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.WaltWhitman—aGreatSoldierB.WaltWhitman—anUnfortunatePoetC.WaltWhitmanandLeavesofGrassD.TheFirstandGreatestPoetinAmerica 【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）A（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇人物介绍，介绍了美国著名的诗人WaltWhitman以及他的代表作《草叶集》。（1）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“WaltWhitman"spoemspraisetheUnitedStatesanditsdemocracy.ThepoetexpressedhisloveforAmericaanditspeopleinmanyways.”WaltWhitman的诗赞美美国及其民主。这位诗人以多种方式表达了他对美国及其人民的热爱。可知选D。（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Thenewformofhispoetrysurprisedmanypeople.”他的新诗形式使许多人感到惊讶，故选B。（3）考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“Butmostotherpoetsandwriterssaidnothingandevendenouncedit.”可知，人们不接受WaltWhitman的诗集，可推知denounced可能是“指责，批评”之意，选A。（4）考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文讲述了美国著名作家WaltWhitman以及他的代表作《草叶集》，并围绕《草叶集》的开始不被接受到最后的大受欢迎展开，故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。2．阅读理解Twenty-oneyearsago,myhusbandgavemeSam,aneight-week-oldschnauzer（雪纳瑞犬）,tohelpeasethelossofourdaughter.SamandIdevelopedaveryspecialbondoverthenextyears.Atonepoint,myhusbandandIdecidedtomovetoanewhomeinNewJersey.Ourneighbor,whosecathadrecentlyhadkittens,askedifwewouldlikeone.WewerealittleapprehensiveaboutSam"sjealousyandhowhewouldhandlehisturf（地盘）beinginvaded,butwedecidedtoriskit.Wepickedalittle,gray,playfulballofFur.Sheracedaroundchasingimaginarymiceandsquirrelsandjumpedfromtabletochairintheblinkofaneye,sowenamedherLightning.Atfirst,SamandLightningwereverycautiouswitheachotherandkepttheirdistance.Butslowly,LightningstartedfollowingSam—upthestairs,downthestairs,intothekitchen.Later,whentheyslept,itwasalwaystogether;whentheyate,itwasalwaysnexttoeachother.WhenItookeitheroneout,theotherwasalwayswaitingbythedoorwhenwereturned.Thatwasthewayitwasforyears.Then,withoutanywarning,Samwasdiagnosedashavingaweakheart.Ihadnootherchoicebuttohavehimputdown.ThepainwasnothingcomparedwithwhatIexperiencedwhenIhadtowalkintoourhousealone.Thistime,therewasnoSamforLightningtogreetandnowaytoexplainwhyshewouldneverseeherfriendagain. Inthefollowingdays,Lightningseemedheart-broken.Icouldseethedisappointmentinhereyeswheneveranyoneopenedthefrontdoor,orthehopewheneversheheardadogbark.OnedayasIwalkedintoourlivingroom,IhappenedtoseeLightningwaslyingnexttothesculpturedreplica（复制品）ofSamthatwehadboughtafewyearsago,onearmwrappedaroundthestatue"sneck,contentedlysleepingwithherbestfriend.（1）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"apprehensive"inparagraph2mean?A.Shocked.B.Curious.C.Worried.D.Eager.（2）HowdidSamgetalongwithLightningatfirst?（3）Whatcanweinferfromthetext?（4）Whatcanbethebesttitleofthetext?A.TheFriendshipbetweenSamandLightningB.TheComingofSamandLightningC.TheDeathofSamtoLightningD.TheImportanceofSamtoUs【答案】（1）C（2）C（3）B（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一只猫和一只宠物狗之间的友谊，当宠物狗死了之后，猫很伤心，当发现宠物狗地雕像时，很开心地睡在其"朋友"的身边。（1）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“Sam"sjealousyandhowhewouldhandlehisturf（地盘）beinginvaded,butwedecidedtoriskit.可知，”害怕Sam嫉妒，以及怎么处理被入侵的领地，但是依然决定冒险，故可知，作者害怕领养一只猫会对宠物狗造成不好的影响，故选C。（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Atfirst,SamandLightningwereverycautiouswitheachotherandkepttheirdistance.可知，起初”Sam和Lightning都对对方很谨慎，保持一定距离，故选C。（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段“OnedayasIwalkedintoourlivingroom,IhappenedtoseeLightningwaslyingnexttothesculpturedreplica（复制品）ofSamthatwehadboughtafewyearsago,onearmwrappedaroundthestatue"sneck,contentedlysleepingwithherbestfriend.可”知，作者一天进屋发现Lightning躺在Sam的复制品的旁边，一个爪子搭载雕像的脖子上，和她的好朋友心满意足地入睡了，故可知，Sam对于Lightning来说，很重要，故 选B。（4）考查主旨大意。本文主要讲述一只猫和一只宠物狗之间的友谊，当宠物狗死了之后，猫很伤心，当发现宠物狗地雕像时，很开心地睡在其"朋友"的身边，故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。3．阅读理解RussGremel,now98yearsold,decideditwastimetodonate$2milliontotheIllinoisAudubonSociety,acharitytopurchasenearly400acresoflandforwildlifeprotection.Gremelwasabletomakethisamazingdonationbecausehepurchased$1,000worthofWalgreensstocksevendecadesagowhosevaluehasgrownrecently."Asinglemanwithnokids,GremelhaslivedinthesameChicagohousefor95years,andhasalwayslivedsimply",neighborPatrickFalsotoldTODAY.FalsosaidheheardGremelsaymanytimesthe"moneywasn"tminetobeginwith"andthathealwaysintendedtogiveitaway.TheGremelWildlifeshelterwasfoundedonJune4.IllinoisAudubonSocietypresidentJimHerkertsaidGremel"sdonationwasextremelygenerous."It"sallowingustoprotectareallyvaluableandimportantpossessionandrealizeoneofGremel"swishesthatwecouldfindaplacewherepeoplecouldcomeoutandexperiencenaturethewayhedidasakid,"HerkerttoldTODAY.Afterdoingallthis,thispastweekend,GremeladoptedanoldChihuahua（吉娃娃犬）.Winniethedogwaspickedupasahomelessdogseveralmonthsago.Shesufferedfromakindofcancer,whichwastreated—andallsheneededwasalovinghome,whichColleenCollins,thefounderofPerfectPoochesAdoptionAgency,wasdeterminedtofind.GremelhadlosthisownbelovedChihuahuaearlierthisyear.WhenhereachedouttoCollinsaboutWinnie,shefeltthiscouldbeagoodmatch.ThatfeelinggrewwhenshebroughtWinnietohishouseforameetandgreet,andWinniewasintroducednotonlytoGremelbutalsosomeofhisfriendsandneighbors.Onehadbroughtoveralotoffreshstrawberries;allsaidthey"dbetheretohelpoutinanywayneeded.（1）PatrickFalsoismentionedinthetextmainlytoexplain_________.（2）WhatcanwelearnaboutRussGremelfromthetext?（3）WhatcanweinferaboutGremel"sneighborsfromthetext?A.Theyliveinharmonywithanimals.B.TheyareimpressedwithdogWinnie. C.Theyleadahealthyandwealthylife.D.Theyarecaringandkindtoeachother.【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，格雷梅尔是一个没有孩子的单身男人，他在芝加哥同一所房子里住了95年，一直过着简朴的生活。他经常给社会慈善机构捐钱。（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段"‘singleAmanwithnokids,GremelhaslivedinthesameChicagohousefor95years,andhasalwayslivedsimply’,neighborPatrickFalsotoldTODAY.FalsosaidheheardGremelsaymanytimesthe"moneywasn"tminetobeginwith"andthathealways格雷梅尔”是一个没有孩子的单身男人，他在芝加哥同一所房子里住intendedtogiveitaway.了95年，一直过着简朴的生活。的"，他总是打算把钱送人。可知，"Falso说，他听到Gremel说过很多次，"钱本来就不是我PatrickFalso的话道出了为什么Gremel要做出捐赠。故选C。（2）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Gremelwasabletomakethisamazingdonationbecausehepurchased$1,000worthofWalgreensstocksevendecadesagowhosevaluehasgrownrecently.格雷”梅尔之所以能够做出这一惊人的捐赠，是因为他在1000美元的沃尔格林股票，而这些股票的价值最近一直在增长。格林的股票。故选B。70年前购买了价值他在28岁时购买了沃尔（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“WinniewasintroducednotonlytoGremelbutalsosomeofhisfriendsandneighbors.Onehadbroughtoveralotoffreshstrawberries;allsaidthey"dbetheretohelpoutinanywayneeded.温妮不仅被介”绍给格雷梅尔，还被介绍给他的一些朋友和邻居。一个人带来了许多新鲜的草莓;所有人都说他们会在那里以任何需要的方式提供帮助。可知，他的邻居之间是互相帮助友好相处的。故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。4．阅读理解WilburandOrvilleWrightwerethetwoyoungestsonsofBishopMiltonWright,WilburwasbornonafarmnearMillvilleandOrvillewasborninAugustinthehousethefamilywouldcometooccupyformorethan40yearsinDayton.OrvillewoulddiscoverinlateryearsthatheandWilbur"sfirstinterestsinflightbeganwhentheywerechildren,withpoweredrubber-band-helicoptertoysthattheirfatherwouldbringhomeforthemfromtripsaroundthecountry.OrvilleandWilburwouldbuildduplicates（复制品）ofthesetoysandbouncethemofftheceiling.Theywerejustcrazyaboutthesethingsforthereasonsthattheydidnotyetunderstand.Bothboyslovedtosolveproblemsthatseemeddifficulttoothers.Themoredifficulttheproblemwas,themoretheysawitasachallenge.ExploringtheunknownwassuchajoyforthenthatOrvilleoncesaid,"IcanrememberwhenWilburandIcouldhardlywaitforthemorningtocometogetatsomethingthatinterestedus.That"shappiness." Puttingtheirgifttowork,theboysenteredtheprintingbusinesssoonafterhighschool.Orvilledesignedandthenbuiltaprintingpress（印刷机）forthisenterprise.Atfirst,theydidcontractprintingforotherpeople,andsoononeoftheircustomersduringtheearly1890swasFatherMilton"schurch.Theyalsotriedthenewspaperbusiness,andalthoughtheirtwonewspapers,theWestSideNewsandTheEveningItemwereconsideredtobeofhighquality,Daytonalreadyhaddailynewspapers,sotheWrightssoonreturnedtocontractprinting.Branchingoutintootherareas,theyalsoopenedabicyclebusiness.Bicyclingwasthefastestgrowingsportinthecountryatthattime,andtheirrepairshopsoonledthemintobuildingbicyclesoftheirowndesign,oftenwithtoolsoftheirownconstruction,suchasthelathe（车床）drivenbyaone-cylindergasolineenginebuiltbyOrville.Thebicycleshopwouldprovidethelivelihood（生计）thatwouldallowthemtocarryouttheirexperimentsonairplanes.（1）WhatmayinspireWilburandOrvilleWrighttobekeenonflightinchildhood？A.Theirexperiencesoftakingaflight.B.Theirwishestotravelbyplane.C.Thetoystheirfatherbroughtforthem.D.Theirinterestinduplicatingtoys.（2）WhatkindofchildrenweretheWrightbrothers？A.Enthusiasticandcurious.B.Quietandmodes.C.Naughtybutclever.D.Stubbornbutcareful（3）WhatbusinessdidWilburandOrvilleentershortlyafterhighschool？A.Thetoybusiness.B.Theprintingbusiness.C.Thelathebusiness.D.Thebicyclebusiness.（4）Whatwillpossiblybediscussedfollowingthistext？A.Whoguidedthemalotontheirwaytosuccess.B.Whattroubletheywouldmeetintheirbusiness.C.Whytheyclosedtheirbicycleshopsuddenly.D.Howthetwobrothersbegantoinventplanes.【答案】（1）C（2）A（3）B（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了莱特兄弟是怎样的发明飞机的过程。（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“OrvillewoulddiscoverinlateryearsthatheandWilbur"sfirstinterestsinflightbeganwhentheywerechildren，withpoweredrubber-band-helicoptertoysthattheirfatherwouldbringhomeforthemfromtripsaroundthecountry奥维尔后来发现他和威尔伯对飞行第一次兴趣是从他们小时候开始的，由于他们的父亲从乡村给他们带回家的，用橡皮筋为动力的直升机玩具，可知选C。 （2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Theywerejustcrazyaboutthesethingsforthereasonsthattheydidnotyetunderstand他们只是”因为他们还不明白的原因而对这些事情疯狂；和第三段中的“Bothboyslovedtosolveproblemsthatseemeddifficulttoothers.Themoredifficulttheproblemwas，themoretheysawitasachallenge两个男孩都”喜欢解决别人觉得困难的问题。问题越难，他们就越觉得这是一个挑战可推出选A。（3）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Puttingtheirgifttowork,theboysenteredtheprintingbusinesssoonafterhighschool.把他们的天赋投”入工作中，孩子们高中毕业后不久就进入了印刷业。故选B。（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Thebicycleshopwouldprovidethelivelihood（生计）thatwouldallowthemtocarryouttheirexperimentsonairplanes自行车”店将提供生计，允许他们在飞机上进行实验，可知选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。5．阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。EveryyearfromMarchtoOctober,ChristianMoullec,alsoknownas"Birdman,"takestotheskiesaboardhisadaptedlightaircraft.However,the58-year-oldFrenchman"sdaily30-minuteflightisnotjusttoenjoytheimpressiveviews,buttoguideflocks(鸟群)oflesserwhite-frontedgeese(小白额雁)throughsafemigrationpathswhichthebirdscanteachfuturegenerations.Hisdeedbeganin1995whenhenoticedtheirdecliningpopulationinthewildsofLapland,Sweden.Topreventtheirnumbersfromdroppingfurther,Moullectriedtogetthethreatenedspeciestofollowhimalongmigrationroutesthatwouldprotectthemfrombirdhunters.However,gettinggrowngeesetofollowhisleadprovedchallenging.Asyounggeeseimitateandfollowwhomevertheyviewastheirparent,Moullecdecidedtoraisethegeesefrombirth.Tohelpraisefundsandawarenessofhisjobtoprotectnotjustthegeesebutbirdsworldwide,Moullecoftenallowspayingtouriststojoinhimonthe30-minute-longflightsaboardhisaircraft.Inadditiontothetrainedbirdsflyingalongsidethem,visitors,whocomefromasfarasa15-hourplaneflightaway,aretreatedtoavarietyofcraneandgeesespeciesaswellasbreathtakingviewsofcastlesandcities.Heoftenbringshiscameraalongfortheflights,capturingphotosnotjustfortheirbeauty,butforwhattheydescribe.MoullecbelievestheuseofagriculturalchemicalshasdoneharmtowildEuropeanbirds,withmorethanathirddisappearinginthelast30years."It"sadisaster,"hesaid."Mybeautifulimageswithflyingbirdsshouldbeusedtotellthisstory."（1）Whydoes"Birdman"alwaysflytotheskyonhisaircraft?A.Toobservegeesealongtheirmigrationroutes.B.Tofollowgeesethroughsafemigrationpaths.C.Totakevisitorstooperatehisadaptedaircraft.D.Toguidegeeseflysafelyduringthemigration. （2）Whatdoweknowabout"Birdman"?（3）WhatdoesMoullecoftentakephotosinhisflightsfor?（4）Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.BirdmanGuidesFlockstoLearntoFly.B.BirdmanFindsBirdsDisappearing.C.BirdmanHelpsFlocksSafelyMigrate.D.BirdmanProtectsBirdsFromHunters.【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）B（4）C【解析】【分析】短文大意：ChristianMoullec通过驾驶他的轻型飞行器来指导小白额雁安全迁徙，他还带领游客们一起体验这种飞行来增强人们保护鸟类的意识。（1）细节理解题。根据第一段buttoguideflocks(鸟群)oflesserwhite-frontedgeese(小白额雁)throughsafemigrationpaths可知Birdman是用他的飞行器指导小白额雁安全迁徙，故选D。（2）推理判断题。通过文章可知Birdman不仅指导小白额雁安全迁徙还认为农药的使用对野生鸟类造成伤害，可以看出他是一个热爱自然的人，故选A。（3）细节理解题。根据第五段Heoftenbringshiscameraalongfortheflights,capturingphotosnotjustfortheirbeauty,butforwhattheydescribe。可知他拍照是为了展示这些照片反映的问题，也就是农药的使用加速了鸟类的数量减少，故选B。（4）主旨大意题。根据文章第一段可知Molluec驾驶轻型飞行器是为了帮助小白额雁沿着安全的路程迁徙，故选C。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题、推理判断题和主旨大意题，细节理解题要注意从文中寻找答案；推理判断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨大意题需要通读全文，寻找主题句，了解大意之后找出中心思想。6．阅读理解ItwasamorninginJanuary.Thejetstream(急流)haddippeddown,causingtheArcticcoldtoreachthemountainsofmyhome.Itwasonly2degreesoutside,butthecoldwindmadeitfeellikeitwas15belowzero.Still,Iwaskneelinginthesnowalongsidemyhousetryingtoopena tinydoor,soIeouklgetin.1hadforgottentoleavemywaterdrippingthenightbeforeandnowmywaterpipeswerefrozenandmyfaucets(水龙头)weredry.ThewindcutintomelikeaknifewhileIstruggledtogettwoelectricheatersinplacearoundthesectionoffrozenpipes.Thewaterlineswereburiedexceptforasmallpiecethatconnecteduptomyhouse.Iputaheateroneachsideofit,rantheextensioncords(软线)intomyhouseandpluggedthemin.Bothheatersroaredtolifeandstartedblowinghotaironthefrozenwaterpipes.Myfingershadalreadystartedtogonumb,soIstayedinsidetowait.Icouldonlyhopethatthisbitofwarmthcouldgetmywaterflowingagain.Finally,aftertwentyminutes,thewaterstartedflowingthroughmyfaucetsagain.Iwentbackoutsideintothebillercoldandgatheredmyheatersup.IlookedattheweakJanuarysunshiningonthefrozensnowandsmiled.ThenIsentajoyfilledwith"Thankyou"heavenwardandreturnedinsidetomakemyselfahotbreakfast.Sometimesthecoldnessofthislifecangettousaswell.Itcanmakeourheartsfeelicyandfrozen.Itcankeepourkindnessandlovefromflowingouttoothers.Sometimes,though,allweneedisabitofwarnthtogetusgoingagain.Itcanbeasimplesmile,akindword,aheart-felthug,amorningsunrise,abird"ssongoranygentlereminderofjusthowmuchGodlovesus.Letusallbegratefulforthosebitsofwarmththatgelusgoingagain.Andletusalltrytobethatbitofwannthforotherseverychanceweget.（1）Whatwasthedirectreasonwhythewaterpipeswerefrozen?A.Thejetstream.B.Thelowtemperature.C.Thecoldwind.D.Theauthor"sowncarelessness.（2）Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedphrase"roaredto"inParagraph2?A.Beganfunctioningsmoothly.B.Workedinappropriately.C.Brokedownsuddenly.D.Screamedoutloudly.（3）Whatdidtheauthorthinkofhiswork?A.Embarassed.B.Satisfied.C.Madwithjoy.D.Cautiouslyoptimistic.（4）Whatisthelastparagraphmainlycenteredon?A.Thecoldnessoflifehasanegativeeffectonourlifequality.B.Wemeetwiththecoldnessoflifeunavoidablyandunwillingly.C.Weshouldbethankfulforbitsofwarmthoflife.D.Weshouldseizeeverychancetoreceivewarmthoflifefromothers.【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）B（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，一个寒冷的冬天早晨，由于作者的粗心大意而使水管冻死，没水可用。作者只得想尽办法自己修复，最后得到了热水做了早餐。作者从这件事得出，不要让生活中的寒冷影响我们，要感激生活中给我们带来的每一个温暖。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Ihadforgottentoleavemywaterdrippingthenightbeforeandnowmywaterpipeswerefrozenandmyfaucets(水龙头)weredry可”知，头天晚上我忘记了让水龙头的水一直处于滴水的状态，现在水管冻结了，水龙头也流不出水了。由此可知，导致水管冻结的直接原因是由于作者本人的疏忽。故选D。 （2）考猜。根据第二段中的“...andstartedblowinghotaironthefrozenwaterpipe⋯aftertwentyminutes,thewaterstartedflowingthroughmyfaucetsagain可知，两个加”器开始向的水管吹空气，⋯二十分后，水又开始流我的水。此roaredtolife表达的含是两台加器开始正常运起来。分析可知A符合意，故A。（3）考推理判断。根据第二段中的“IlookedattheweakJanuarysunshiningonthefrozensnowandsmiled.ThenIsentajoyfilledwith"Thankyou"heavenwardandreturnedinsidetomakemyselfahotbreakfast.中的smiled”和“ajoyfilledwith"Thankyou"可知，作者”自己的工作很意。故B。（4）考主旨大意。根据最后一段中的“Letusallbegratefulforthosebitsofwarmththatgelusgoingagain.Andletusalltrytobethatbitofwarmthforotherseverychanceweget.可”知，作者我要感激生活中的每一个温暖，无它是多么的微不足道。故【点】本考点涉及理解，猜，推理判断和主旨大意四个型的考，是一篇故事，要求考生在捕捉信息的基上，一步根据上下文的关系，行分析，推理，概括和，从而出正确答案。C。7．理解Formanyfamilies,anightattheballparkisatreat.Butitcanbeaterribleexperienceforthosewithautistic(自症的)children,whoaresensitivetolightandnoiseandusuallybecomeupsetandscared.Forthesefamilies,fearofhowtheirchildwillreacttonewsituations-andhowotherswillreacttothem-keepsthemfromgainingeverydayexperiencesothersgettohave.Dr.WendyRosswasheartbrokentoseethat.Thepediatrician(儿科医生)inPhiladelphiaalsoknewthatseparationfromthecommunitydidn"tserveherpatientswellinthelongrun."Ifkidsarenotinthecommunity,buildingtheirskillsfromveryyoungages,thenthere"snoreasontoexpectthemtobeindependentoneday,"Rosssaid."It"sasocialdisability.Itneedstobeaddressedinasocialsetting."Soin2007,Rosssetouttodojustthat.Today,hernonprofit,AutismInclusionResources,helpsfamiliesaffectedbyautismdealwithchallengingsocialsituations,suchassportingevents,airporttravelandmuseumvisits.ManyMajorLeagueBaseballteamsholdannual44autismawarenessnights",whentheytaketemporarymeasuressuchasloweringthevolume(音量)onthepublicaddresssystem.ButRosswantedtodomore."Youcan"tturndownthevolumeoftheworld,"Rosssaid."It"snicetodoitforonenight,butourgoalisforfamiliestobeabletogotoagameonanynight."Tothatend,RosspartneredwiththePhiladelphiaPhilliestodevelopacreativeprogram.ShearmedallthePhilliesplayersandgame-daystaffwithknowledgeaboutautismandhowtointeractwithindividualswhohavethedisorder.Eachfamilyisalsoprovidedaclinicianatthegamewhogivesadditionalsupportifproblemsarise.Shealsohelpspreparethefamiliesfortheevent.Rosshasalsofoundherairporttravelprogramtobesuccessfulforfamilies.Usingthesame principles,shetrainsairlineandsecuritystaffatmajorairportsandthenguidesfamiliesthroughthetravelexperience,includingcheckingin,goingthroughsecurityandboardingaplane.Rosshopesthatthetoolsshegivesfamiliescanhelpthemexploreothersettingsontheirown."Wereallyseeitasasteppingstonetoabrighterfuture,"shesaid.（1）AccordingtoRoss,whatdoesasocialdisabilitymean?A.Fearinglightandnoise.B.Lackingsocialexperience.C.Havingtorelyonothersforhelp.D.Beingseparatedfromthecommunity.（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedpart"domore",imply?（3）WhatisthePhiladelphiaPhillies?A.Abaseballteam.B.Abaseballgame.C.Ateamofclinicians.D.Familieswithautisticchildren.（4）WhatisthepurposeofRoss"sairporttravelprogram?A.Tohelpfamiliestolearnaboutairtravel.B.Toteachairportstaffknowledgeaboutautism.C.Toteachautisticchildrenhowtotravelbyair.D.Tohelpautisticchildrengetusedtosocialsituations.【答案】（1）C（2）C（3）A（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，儿科医生Dr.WendyRoss为了让深受自闭症折磨的孩子和家庭能够顺利融入社会而做出的卓有成效的努力。（1）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Ifkidsarenotinthecommunity,buildingtheirskillsfromveryyoungages,thenthere"snoreasontoexpectthemtobeindependentoneday,"以及"It"sasocialdisability.Itneedstobeaddressedinasocialsetting."一句中解释了asocialdisability的概念:无法独立,只能依靠别人的帮助。故选C。（2）考查句义猜测。根据第六段中的”It"snicetodoitforonenight,butourgoalisforfamiliestobeabletogotoagameonanynight.可知Ross并不是“只想举办一场特殊的比赛,而是想让患有自闭症的孩子们每个晚上都能观看比赛。由此可知"domore意为:为自闭症孩子提供正常比赛。故选C。（3）考查推理判断。根据第七段中的"partneredwiththePhiladelphiaPhillies"及第八段中的”ShearmedallthePhilliesplayers..."可知PhiladelphiaPhillies应该是一支棒球队伍。故选A。（4）考查推理判断。根据第五段中的""...helpsfamiliesaffectedbyautismdealwithchallengingsocialsituations,suchassportingevents,airporttravelandmuseumvisits"；以及倒数第二段中的"Rosshasalsofoundherairporttravelprogramtobesuccessfulforfamilies.Using thesameprinciples..."可知,让患自闭症的儿童去机场也是使这些儿童适应社会环境。故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，句义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。8．阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。In2011,NancyBallardwentforaroutinecheckupthatturnedintosomethingextraordinary.Infact,shewascarryingapaintingofaplantshe"ddonewhenshearrivedatherdoctor"sSanFranciscooffice."Itwouldbegreatifwehadartworklikethatforourchemotherapy(化疗)rooms,"thenursesaid.Ballardaskedtoseeone.Shewasshockedbywhatshefound.Thewallsweredullandbare,andthepaintwaschipping(剥落).Itwasadepressingroomforadepressingroutine—patientsrestrictedtochemodripsforperhapsseveralhours,oftenwithnothingtolookatotherthanthosesadwalls.Ballarddidn"thavecancerherself,butshecouldsympathizewiththepatients."Icouldn"timaginehowanyonecouldeventhinkaboutgettinghealthyinaroomlikethat,"shesays.Asithappens,Ballard"sphysician,StephenHufford,wasillwithcancerhimself,sofindingtimetodecoratetheroomswaslowonhisto-dolist.SoBallardmadeithermissiontobrightenuptheplace.Shestartedbye-mailing20localdesigners."Iwrote,"Youdon"tknowme.Butmyhearthurtsafterseeingtheserooms,"sheremembers.ShethenaskedwhethertheywoulddonatetheirtimeandmoneytotransformjustoneofDr.Hufford"sroomseach.Asithappened,sixofthemwrotebackalmostimmediately.Sixroomsgotnewpaint,lightfixtures,artwork,andfurniture.Dr.Huffordwasdelighted."Allthepatientsfeelrelievedofthepainbecauseofit,"hesaid.Heevennotedthathisowntoneofvoicewasdifferentintheroomsandthathewasbetterabletoconnectwithhispatients.Ballardwassoencouragedbythepatients"reactionsthatshecreatedanonprofit,RoomsThatRock4Chemo,toraisemoneyanddecoratemorespaces.Sincethen,shehasworkedon20projects,includingoneinPennsylvania."WewereinPhiladelphiaforaribboncutting,andawomanwasthereonherthirdbattlewithcancer,"saysBallard."Whenshesawwhatwe"ddone,shesaid,"I"mgonnabeatitthistime.IthoughtIwasn"tgoingto,butnowIknowI"mgonnabeatit".（1）WhatmadeBallarddecidetohelpdecoratethechemotherapyrooms?（2）WhatoutcomedoesBallard"seffortbringabout?A.Morehospitalswillbebuilt,B.Huffordcuredmorepatients.C.Thecancerpatientswerefeelingbetter.D.Hufford"schemotherapyroomsgotgoodfame. （3）WhichwordsbestdescribeNancyBallard?（4）Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?A.DesignforHopeB.BattleagainstCancerC.DonationforPatientsD.DecorationinHospital【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）A（4）A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文，NancyBallard出于对癌症病人的同情，决定帮忙装饰化疗室。Ballard的努力，使得癌症患者重新对生活充满了希望。（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Ballarddidn"thavecancerherself,butshecouldsympathizewiththepatients.”本人Ballard并没有患癌症，但她同情病人。由此可知，Ballard对癌症病人的同情，使她决定帮忙装饰化疗室，故选A。（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"‘Allthepatientsfeelrelievedofthepainbecauseofit,hesaid.他”说：“所有的病人都因此感到疼痛减轻了。”由此可知，Ballard的努力使得癌症患者感觉好多了，故选C。（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Ballardwassoencouragedbythepatients"reactionsthatshecreatedanonprofit,RoomsThatRock4Chemo,toraisemoneyanddecoratemorespaces.病”人的反应让巴拉德深受鼓舞，她创建了一个非营利组织"RoomsthatRockChemo"来筹集资金，并装饰更多的空间。由此推断出，NancyBallard是一个有爱心，有奉献精神的人，故选A。（4）考查主旨大意。本文介绍了NancyBallard出于对癌症病人的同情，决定帮忙装饰化疗室。Ballard的努力，使得癌症患者重新对生活充满了希望。所以这篇文章最好的题目是“为希望而设计”，故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。9．阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。ForKimDuffy,sendingawayherteenagedaughterwasthebesthopeforsavingthegirl"slife.Corinne,then17,hadbeenstrugglingwithbulimia(贪食症)andanorexia(厌食症)formorethanfiveyears.Duffyandherhusband,Terry,foundaresidentialfacilityinVirginia,andCorinnesignedonforatwo-monthstayinthesummerof2009.Today,Corinne"shealthyandpursuingamaster"sdegreeinColorado.Sheandherparents believetheholistic(整体)approachandindividualizedfocuswerekeytoherrecovery.Andtheyknowtheyhadaccesstouniqueresources."Wewerefortunate,"saysDuffy."Wecouldpayforeverything."Butmanycan"t.AccordingtoareportreleasedinNovember2014bytheStandingCommitteeontheStatusofWomen,between600,000andonemillionCanadianssufferfromaneatingdisorder.Publicinpatientprogramsoftenwon"tadmitpatientsuntilthey"reinlife-threateningcondition.Privateclinicsoftenhavealongwaitlistsandhighcosts-atHomewood,inGuelph,Ont.,aroomis$305to$360perday.TheDuffs"struggleledthentoconnectotherfamilieswiththequalityofcaretheyreceivedintheUnitedSates.Inlate2013,heyfoundedtheWaterStoneClinic,aprivateeatingdisordercenterinToronto.Sincethefacilityopened,170clientshavereceivedtreatment.Theytakeyoga,doarttherapyandparticipateinmealpreparation,buildingreal-lifeskillswithasupportteam.Programsrunweekdaysfrom8a.m.to2p.m.,andnotably,sofarWaterStonehasnowaitinglist.Butthisapproachiscostly:approximately$650perday.RealizingthatthepricetagputsWaterStoneoutofreachformany,theDuffyscreatedtheWaterStoneFoundation-acharitythatprovidesaidtopatientswhocan"taffordtreatmentthefollowingyear.Candidatesareassessedbytwocommitteesthatmakeadecisionbasedonclinicalandfinancialneed.Since2014,thefoundationhashelped100people.Duffyalsowantstochangethepublicsystem.InJuneofthisyear,thefoundationawarded＄170,000tofourOntariohopitalsofferingcreativetreatmenttoeatingdisorderpatients."Yes,peopleneedprivatetreatment,"shesays,"butit"simportanttohelpoutonabroaderscale,too."（1）WhydidDuffythinktheywerefortunate?A.Theyhadenoughmoneytotravelabroad.B.Theycouldaffordthemedicalresources.C.Theyhappenedtofindarighthospital.D.Theymetveryexperienceddoctors.（2）WhatcanweinferfromParagraph3?（3）WhichofthefollowingpatientswillreceivehelpfromWaterStoneFoundation?（4）WhatdoweknowfromDuffy"swordsinthelastparagraph?A.Onlyprivateclinicscangivepropertreatmenttothepatients.B.Treatmentofthediseaseinpublichospitalsshouldbeimproved.C.Shewantstocooperatewithpublichospitalstohelpthepatients.D.Publichospitalsshoulddomoretohelppeoplewitheatingdisorder.【答案】（1）B （2）C（3）A（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇叙文，一加拿大夫了帮助有食症和食症的病人而立了私人所以及帮助病患者而立慈善机构的故事。体了人要相互关互相帮助的人文思想。（1）考理解。根据第二段中的"Wewerelucky.Wecouldpayforeverything."可知，他支付得起医用，因此感到很幸运，故B。（2）考推理判断。根据第三段中的“Butmanycan"t.AccordingtoareportreleasedinNovember2014bytheStandingCommitteeontheStatusofWomen,between600,000andonemillionCanadianssufferfromaneatingdisorder.Publicinpatientprogramsoftenwon"tadmitpatientsuntilthey"reinlife-threateningcondition.可知”，但是很多人都支付不起笔用，很多人患有食，住院部只会收那些有生命危的病人，而私人所的用却很高昂，可知很多人不能享受医服，故C。（3）考理解。根据倒数第二段中的"⋯acharitythatprovidesaidtopatientswhocan"taffordtreatment以⋯"及"Candidatesareassessedbytwocommitteesthatmakeadecisionbasedonclinicalandfinancialneed"。足两个条件就可以得WaterStoneFoundation的助：付不起款的，并且病状重者，故A。（4）考推理判断。根据最后一段中的"⋯butit"simportanttohelpoutonabroaderscale意思是在更大范内的病人提供帮助是重要的。言外之意就是公立医院更多的帮助病人，故D。【点】本考点涉及理解和推理判断两个型的考，是一篇故事，考生需要准确捕捉信息，并根据上下文行推理，从而出正确答案。⋯"10．下列短文，从每所的四个（A、B、C和D）中，出最佳。WhenRandyHeisswenthikingbehindhisPatagonia,Ariz.farm,thelastthingheexpectedtofindwasaChristmaslistfromalittlegirlacrosstheUS-Mexicoborder."IfoundthisballoononmymorningwalknearPatagoniaonSunday.AttachedtoitwasapieceofpaperwiththeChristmaswishesfromalittlegirl,"HeisswroteonhisFacebookpage.Whenhebroughtthelisthometohiswife,whospeaksfluentSpanish,theydeterminedthatthelittlegirlhadaskedforEnchantimalstoys,clothes,artsuppliesandvariousothergifts.That"swhenHeisssetouttomakethelittlegirl"sChristmasdreamscometrue.HeisssaidhehadattemptedtosendChristmasletterstoSantaClausviaballoonwhenhewasakidbutneverreceivedaresponse.HeisssentaFacebookmessageonWednesdaytoXENY,aradiostationinNogales,toseeifitcouldhelphimtrackdownthegirlorherfamily.Helaterreceivedaresponsefromthestation,whichhaddeterminedtheauthoroftheletterwasan8-year-oldgirlnamedDayami,andthestationwantedtosetupameetingbetweenthetwoonThursday."Itjustchangedmyentireday,"HeisstoldtheWashingtonPost."InsteadofgoingbacktomyofficeinBisbee,IwentwithmywifetoWalmart." ThecoupleboughtalmosteverythingonDayami"slist.TheyalsobroughtafewgiftsforDayami"slittlesister,Ximena.Theytoldthechildrentheywere"ayudantesdeSanta,"orSanta"shelpers.Heiss,60,saidtheexperiencewasveryhealingforhimandhiswife.Nineyearsago,thecouple"sonlysondied."BeingaroundchildrenatChristmastimehasbeenabsentinourlives,"Heisssaid.Wenowhavefriendsforlife.Foraday,thatborderfencewithitsconcertinawiremeltedaway.（1）HowdidDayamisendoutherChristmaswishes?A.BycallingHeiss.B.Byattachingthemtoaballoon.C.Bywritingtoaradiostation.D.BysendingaFacebookmessage.（2）WhendidHeissknowwhatthegirlexactlywanted?A.Afterthehelpofhiswife.B.Whenhefoundtheballoon.C.AftertheirmeetinginAmerica.D.Whenhegotaresponsefromtheradiostation.（3）WhatmightmakeHeissdecidetofulfillthelittlegirl"sChristmaswishes?A.Hisson"swill.B.Thegirlsrequestforhelp.C.Hissimilarunsuccessfulexperience.D.Hisdesiretomakefriendswiththegirl.（4）Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Thecouplegotoutofthepaincompletely.B.Theexperiencewasagreatrelieftothecouple.C.ThecouplewouldhelpmorechildrenfromMexico.D.Therewillbenoborderbetweencountriesoneday.【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）C（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了RandyHeiss在亚利桑那州巴塔哥尼亚徒步旅行时。在农场，他意外收到了来自美墨边境的一个小女孩的圣诞礼物清单。女孩通过气球来发送圣诞愿望。在妻子的帮助下，他们开始帮助女孩实现愿望。这次经历对这对九年前失去了唯一的儿子的夫妻也说也是很大的安慰。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“IfoundthisballoononmymorningwalknearPatagoniaonSunday.AttachedtoitwasapieceofpaperwiththeChristmaswishesfromalittlegirl.以”及下文可知小女孩就是Dayami，她是通过把愿望绑在气球上发送圣诞愿望的。故选B。（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Whenhebroughtthelisthometohiswife,whospeaksfluentSpanish,theydeterminedthatthelittlegirlhadaskedforEnchantimalstoys,clothes,artsuppliesandvariousothergifts.可知当他把”单子带回家给能说一口流利西班牙语的妻子时，他们断定小女孩想要的是魔法师的玩具、衣服、美术用品和其他各种各样的礼物。即他是通过妻子的帮助知道女孩到底想要什么的。故选A。（3）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“HeisssaidhehadattemptedtosendChristmasletterstoSantaClausviaballoonwhenhewasakidbutneverreceivedaresponse.可知当他还是个孩” 子的时候，他曾试图通过气球给圣诞老人寄圣诞信，但从未收到任何回复。可知他有和女孩相似的但不成功的经历，因此他决定帮助女孩实现愿望。故选C。（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Heiss,60,saidtheexperiencewasveryhealingforhimandhiswife.可知这段经历Heiss对”他和他的妻子来说是非常治愈的。因为他们九年前失去了唯一的儿子，因此这次经历对他们来说是一种很大的安慰。故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。