高一英语上学期期末联考试卷（带答案）和高考满分作文：和世界边吃边聊（6） 33页

高一英语上学期期末联考试卷（带答案）和高考满分作文：和世界边吃边聊（6）2018～2019学年度第一学期期末六校联考高一英语芦台一中王起荣 静海一中张恩娥本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，满分120分,考试时间100分钟。第I卷 选择题（共80分）第一部分：听力（共两节，满分15分）第一节（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatisthewomangoingtodo?A.Haveacoffee.         B.Attendameeting.      C.Cleanheroffice.2.Whatisthemanlookingfor?A.Hisphone.            B.Hisbook.            C.Hispen. 3.HowmanymembersarethereinAlice’sgroupnow?A.Two.               B.Four.               C.Six.4.Whoispayingthelunchnow?A.Theman.            B.Thewoman.         C.Theysharethebill.5.Whydidthemanfailtoanswerthephone?A.Hisphonewasbroken.   B.TheTVwastoonoisy.   C.Hewenttosleepearly.第二节：（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）听下面几段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8小题。6.Whyhasthemanhardlyseenthewomanlately?A.Shehadatrafficaccident.B.Shemovedtoanotherplace.C.Sheisworkingunusualhours.7.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inanoffice.            B.Atabusstop.         C.Inanapartment. 8.Whatdothespeakersagreetodosoon?A.Goouttogether.         B.Takecareofeachother.   C.Sharethesameapartment.听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11小题。9.Whenwillsomeonecometocheckthehotwater?A.Attheweekend.         B.Tomorrow.            C.Thisafternoon.10.Howdidthestudentsknowabouttheflat?A.Fromafriend.         B.Fromanewspaper.      C.Fromahouseagency.11.Whatwillthewomandotosettletheproblemaboutthefridge?A.Paythestudentsforthenewone.B.Getsomeonetofixtheoldone.C.OrderoneontheInternet.听下面一段独白，回答第12至第15小题。12.Whatisthespeakertalkingabout?A.MorningTVnews.B.Hersonandherhusband.C.Herescapefromaforestfire. 13.Wherewasherhusband?A.Hewasintown.         B.Hewasabroad.      C.Hewasinthegarden.14.Howdidthespeakergetaway?A.Onfoot.            B.Bybike.            C.Bycar.15.Whendidsherealizeshewassafe?A.Whenshecaughtsightofsomeanimals.B.Whenshewasontheothersideoftheriver.C.Whenshewasamileortwoawayfromhome.第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分）第一节：单项填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）16.—Wouldyoulikemetoarrangeataxiforyouwhenwefinishourwork?—_________A.That’sverykindofyou.               B.Withpleasure.      C.Yes,youwould.                     D.Goodidea! 17.Thecommittee_________fifteenmembers.A.consistof                         B.makesupof       C.composeof                       D.iscomposedof18.AftertheyhadfinishedrecordingLetItBe,theBeatles_________.A.brokedown                        B.mixedup         C.splitup                           D.madeup19.WhenIenteredthestep-classroom(阶梯教室),thelecture_________andthepeople_________attentively.A.began,listened                      B.wasbegun,waslisteningC.hadbegun,listened                  D.had begun,werelistening20.Peoplecanunlockthesharedbikes,_________areequippedwithGPSandcanbeleftanywhereinpublic,bysimply_________theirsmartphones.A.which;use                        B.which;using     C.ofwhich;use                      D.ofwhich;using21._________moreandmoreforestsdamaged,someanimalsandplantsarefacingthedangerofdyingout.A.As                              B.For            C.With                            D.By22._________,thestudentinsistedthatheshouldbeseparatedfromhisroommates,whowerenoisy.A.Toavoidbeingaffected                B.Toavoid tobeaffected   C.Avoidingbeingaffected                D.Avoidingtobeaffected23.I’dappreciate_________ifyouwouldliketoteachmehowtousetheexpressiononcemoreandIalwaysappreciate_________mewithmyEnglishinthepast.A.that;youtohelp                     B.this;yourhelpingC.it;youtohelp                      D.it;yourhelping24.Thegovernmenthastakensomemeasurestosolvetheshortageofelectricity,butitwillbesometime_________thesituationimproves.A.since                           B.when              C.unless                           D.before 25.IhadbeenoutoftouchwithAllenformanyyearsbutthemomenthecalledmeupthatday,I________hisvoice.A.understand                        B.recognised         C.remembered                     D.knew26.Internetshoppingwillbereadyto_________whenpeoplemaythinkthatitissafe.A.takeover                        B.takeon         C.takeoff                           D.takein27.Anadvantageoflivingonthetopfloorofahighrisebuildingisthatyoucangetagood_________.A.scene                            B.scenery            C. sight                             D.view28.—Doyouknow_________madehimsuccessfulinhiscareer?—Yes.Hishardworkandstrongwill,ofcourse.A.whatitwasthat                     B.whatwasitthat    C.itwaswhatthat                   D.wasitwhatthat29.—Whataboutthepartylastnight?—Itwas______greatsuccess.Ithinkit’s_______greatpitythatyoudidn’tattendit.A./;the                             B.a;aC./;a                              D.a;the30.Thedeadlineistomorrowmorning;_________youmustfinishtheworktonight. A.inaword                        B.infact             C.inotherwords                      D.bytheway第二节：完形填空（共20小题，每小题1分，满分20分）Ihadseenmy“old”friendworkingatourlocalWal-Martforseveralmonths.Shealwaysstoppedtosayhi,then  31  offsayingshehadtogetbacktowork. Throughourbriefconversations,Idiscoveredshehadbeendownapretty  32  roadbutsomehowhadremainedapositiveandcheerful  33  tolife.Shewaslivinginanapartmentbuilding,whichwas  34   foralcoholanddrugproblems,butthatwasall   35   shecouldafford.Afewweekslatertherewasafireattheapartmentandallresidentshadtomove.Asshe   36  said,itcouldbeworsebutendedwithapositivepointabouther   37  .Ifeltapullinmyhearttodosomethingtohelp,becauseIhadbeeninher   38   onceortwicebutmylifehadtakenaturnforthe   39  . OnedayIhadafewChristmas   40   inmycarfromwork.Ipulledoneoutand    41   ittoher.Iplacedagiftofcashinsidethecard—morecashthanIhadevergivenanyonebutthe   42   inmyheartsaid,“Yes!Doit!”Whenmyfriend   43  ,Isaid,“Hereisacardforyou,”andwehugged.Sheopeneditandtearscametohereyes.Seeingherhappiness,I   44   figuredouthowIwas   45   tohelpher.WhatshedidnextmademeknowIhaddonetherightthing.Shephonedme   46   tothankmeagainandsaid,“Itwastoomuch,soI   47   itwithtwootherwomenatworkwhowerenotgoingtohaveChristmasgifts   48   theirchildreneither.Ihopeyoudon’t   49  .”Myheartwasfilledwith   50   knowingIhaddonesomethingthatwaspassedonrightwhereitwasmeanttogo. 31.A.turned         B.gave            C.hurried         D.put32.A.rough            B. direct         C.broad         D.shallow33.A.opinion            B.view            C.attitude         D.thought34.A.designed         B.known         C.punished         D.praised35.A.what            B.that            C.which         D.how36.A.never            B.seldom         C.almost         D.always37.A.position         B.business         C.dream            D.situation38.A.boat            B.shoes            C.coats            D.house39.A.better            B.farther         C. richer            D.healthier40.A.presents         B.cards            C.boxes            D.letters41.A.explained         B.transported       C.addressed         D.lent42.A.power            B.desire            C.dream            D.pull43.A.stoodout         B.showedup      C.brokein         D.cameacross44.A.frequently         B.constantly         C.finally         D.generally45.A.supposed         B.forced            C.intended         D.permitted46.A.later            B.yet            C.ever            D.only 47.A.rewarded         B.donated           C.delivered         D.shared48.A.in               B.to            C.for            D.with49.A.regret            B.mind            C.refuse            D.forgive50.A.sorrow            B.anger              C.honor            D.joy第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）AMyfatherwasattachedtogardeningbybirth.OneofmyearliestmemoriesisfollowingDadbarefootaroundinthegardenwithbothhandsblackenedfromdigginginthesoil.Thegardenwasawonderlandfullofpossibilities.AsDadgrewolder,hestilllovedgardening.Evenwhenhewasdiagnosedwithcancer,hestillplantedallsortsofplants.Sometimes,Iwouldcomeovertovisit,andwewouldwalktogetherinthegarden.Butthen,somethingchanged. Liketheweedsthattookoverhisgarden,thecancergrewrapidlyinDad,andthedoctorgaveup.IstayedwithDadtwenty-fourhoursadayandIfoundmyselfinallkindsofuncomfortablesituationswithDaduntilIpromisedtocareforthegarden.ThoughIhadheardthewordsofthedoctor,whatreallymademebelievethatDadwasdyingwasthestateofhisgarden.Thatyear,heonlyplantedtomatoes.Tootiredtoweedthem,hesimplytiedthemwithstrongstringstothefenceandletthembe.Itmademesadtoseethemignored,soIwouldcomeoverandwaterthemonceinawhile,andremovetheweeds.IstillrememberthedayIpickedthelasttomatofromthevine(藤).ThatdaywasoneofthesaddestIhadeverexperiencedinmylife.Threeyearsago,Idecidedtoplantmyowngarden.IdecidedIwouldstartoutwithjustafewtomatoes.ThatmorningwhenImovedtothegarden,somethingcaughtthecornerofmyeyeandIhadtosmile.Itwasmyeight-year-oldsonNathan,standingbarefootinthesoil,happilyplayinginsoil.51.Whentheauthorwasachildhelikedhisfather’sgardenbecauseitwas_________. A.afieldthatproducedmuchfoodB.apieceoflandcoveredwithblacksoilC.aplacewherehegoteducatedD.afantasticplacewithunexpectedsurprise52.Whatwastheauthor’sfathermostconcernedaboutinhislastdays?A.Hisgarden         B.Hisillness         C.Hisson         D.Hisgrandson53.Whatmadetheauthoracceptthefactthathisfatherwoulddiesoon?A.Thewordsofthedoctor.  B.Theconditionofhisfather.C.Hiscommunicationwithhisfather.D.Thatthegardenwasn’ttakengoodcareofbyhisfather.54.Whatdidtheauthordointhegardenonhisfather’slastday?A.Waterthegarden                     B.RemoveweedsC.Picka tomato                        D.Cuttomatovines.55.Whydidtheauthorsmilewhenhemovedtohisowngardenoneday?A.Becauseherememberedhisfather.B.Becausehissonshowedinterestinthegarden.C.Becausehethoughtofthefoodhewouldget.D.Becausehecouldtakecareofhisowngarden.BTwenty-fiveyearsago,mostyoungBritonswantedacareerinlaw,tobeadoctor,or,iftheywerecreativeenough,totakeupsinging.Buttoday,thingsstanddifferently.AccordingtoasurveybyTescoMobile,aUKcompany,the“dreamjob”ofyoungpeopleagedbetween16and25intheUKisavideoblogger(博客),or“vlogger(视频博主)”.Thesurvey,carriedoutamong1,002people,foundthatasmuchas40percentofthemputvloggerastheirnumberonechoiceonalistofidealcareers.ThischangeisundoubtedlyasaresultoftheInternetandsocialmedia.Theyhavemadeitsomucheasiertoreachaudienceoftheworld,withouthavingtoenteracareerinshowbusinessinthetraditionalway. Inthepast,thebiggeststarsweretrainedbytheHollywoodstudios;now,anyonewithacomputercameracanbecomeastar.Vloggersarethebigstarsoftodaybecausetheyarenormalpeopleinteracting(互动)withtheirfansabouteverydaylife.”However,whatpeopleseeisonlythebrightsideofbeingavloggerandtheyfailtonoticethefactthatonlythosewhoaresuccessfulearnfameandfortune.Foreverysuccesstherearehundredsofotherswhonevergetoffthestartingline.Therearethedreamsthatcometrueandthedreamsthatremaindreamsforever.Althoughbeingvloggersispopular,someyoungpeoplechoosetofollowcareersthatdon’tnecessarilyearnthemfame,butallowthemtomakegooduseoftheInternettosharetheirhobbies.YoungIsraeliDavidLeshaw,forexample,runsabusinesscalledtheFinishersClub.It’sanonlineplatform(平台)forrunnerstokeeparecordoftheirraces.Hisjoballowshimtoexpresshisenthusiasm,andisalwaysalearningexperience.Andthat’senoughforhim.56.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?   A.MostyoungBritonschoosetobevloggersastheirjob. B.TheInternetisinfluencingyoungBritions’careerchoice.C.TheInternetistakingtheplaceoftraditionalstudios.D.YoungBritonscannotfindjobswithouttheInternet.57.WhydomoreandmoreyoungBritonschoosetobevloggers?A.VloggerscanearnlittlefameandmoneyontheInternet.B.Thereistoomuchcompetitioninthetraditionalshowbusiness.C.TheInternetmakesitconvenienttobecomevloggers.D.Anyonewithacomputerwillsurelybecomeastar.58.Whatcanweinferfromthefifthparagraph?A.Onlyafewvloggerscanbesuccessful.B.Avloggercannotearnfameandfortune.C.Peopleoftenseethebrightsideofbeingavlogger.D.Dreamswillalwaysremaintobedreams.59.WhatdoyoungpeoplelikeDaviddoontheInternet?A.Learnfromothers.                  B.Becomeanonlinehit.C.Holdrunningraces.                  D.Mixjobswithhobbies. 60.Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedword,“fame”inthefifthparagraph?A.beingknownortalkedaboutbymanypeopleB.beinghatedC.beingwiseandhealthyD.gettingalargesumofmoney CAgoodmodernnewspaperisanextraordinarypieceofreading.It"sgreatfirstforwhatitcontains：therangeofnewsfromlocalcrimetointernationalpolitics,fromsportstobusiness，fromfashiontoscience,andtherangeofcommentandspecialfeature(特写)aswell，fromeditorialpagetofeaturearticlesandinterviewstocriticismofbooks,arttheatreandmusic.Anewspaperisevengreaterforthewayonereadsit：nevercompletely,neverstraightthrough，butalwaysbyjumpingfromheretothere,inandout,glancingatonepiece，readinganotherarticleallthewaythrough,readingjustafewparagraphsofthetext.Agoodmodernnewspaperoffersavariety(多样性)toattractmanydifferentreaders,butfarmorethanthereaderisinterestedin.Whatbringsthisvarietytogetherinone placeisitstopicality(时事性),itsimmediaterelationtowhatishappeninginyourworldandyourlocalitynow.Butimmediacyandthespeedofproductionthatgoeswithitalsomeanthatmuchofwhatappearsinanewspaperhasnomorethantransient(短暂的)value.Forallthesereasons,notwopeoplereallyreadthesamepaper：whateachpersondoesistoputtogether,outofthepagesofthatday"spaper,hisownselectionandorder,hisownnewspaper.Forallthesereasons,readingnewspapersefficiently,whichmeansgettingwhatyouwantfromthemwithoutmissingthingsyouneedandwithoutwastingtime，demandsskillandself-awarenessasyouchangeandapplythetechniquesofreading.61.AmodernnewspaperisgreatforallthefollowingEXCEPTits________.A.widevariety      B.similarstyleC.speedinreportingnews      D.popularity62.Accordingtothepassage,thereasonwhynotwopeoplereallyreadthesamenewspaperisthat________.A.peoplelookthroughthenewstheyareinterestedinB.differentpeoplepreferdifferentnewspapersC.peoplearerarelyinterestedinthesamekindofnews D.peoplehavedifferentviewsaboutwhatagoodnewspaperis63.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethatnewspaperreaders________.A.applyreadingtechniquesskillfully      B.jumpfromonenewspapertoanotherC.appreciatethevarietyofanewspaper      D.usuallyreadanewspaperselectively64.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?A.Howtoreadnewspaper?      B.Wheretofindagoodnewspaper?C.Whatisagoodnewspaper?      D.Newspaper.65.Theauthorwrotethepassageto_________.A.advertise          B.introduce          C.argue           D.compare第Ⅱ卷非选择题（共40分）第一部分单词拼写（每小题1分，共10分）66.Wemustkeepoff_________(毒品)becausetheydogreatharmtoourhealth.67.Though_________(尴尬),shestillheldontofinishingitwithasmile. 68.Atthepartythenaughtyboy_________(模仿)hisfather’sbehaviors,whichmadealltheguestslaugh.69._________(热情的)andlovely,theteacherisrespectedbyherstudents.70.HecanspeakEnglishas_________(流利)asanEnglishman.71.Thefashionfromcountrytocountrymayshowthec__________differences.72.Asuccessfullecturercancommunicatehiscomplexideassimplytothea_________.73.Youarenotallowedtocampherewithoutp__________.74.Inthatbigfire,alltheirhouseswerecompletelyd__________,sotheyhadtobuildnewones.75.Ittookalongtimeforhimtor_________fromabadcold.第二部分阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。（每小题2分，共10分）Musicisverypowerful.Thekindofmusicyoulistentosaysalotaboutwhoyouare.Whatmusicyouchoosetolistentotodaywillhelptodeterminewhattypeofpersonyouaretomorrow.Becarefulaboutwhattypeofmusicyouchoosetolistento.Musiccaneitherbuildyouuportearyoudown. Garbagein,garbageoutInalmostallcategoriesofmusic,thereareartiststhatdeliverpositivemessagesthroughtheirmusicandthenthereareartiststhatdeliverdestructive,hatefulmessagesintheirmusic.Thekindofmusicyouchoosetolistentowillhelpdeterminethelevelofsuccessyouachieveinlife.Thinknegativethoughtsandyouwillattractnegativeintoyourlife.Thinkpositivethoughtsandyouwillseethepositiveinyourlife.Opportunitiescometotheoptimistsinlife.Whenyouentertainnegativityinyourlife,opportunitiesareoftenlostorignored.UsePositiveMusictogetwhatyouwantoutoflifeActivelychoosemusicwithapositivemessagetolistento.Makingthisconsciouschoicewillleadtopositiveexperiencesinyourdailylife.Musichasapowerfuleffectonourbeliefsandouractions.Beingactiveinchoosingthemusicwelistentowillleadtoahappierandfulfillinglife.Ifyouaren’thappywiththecurrentstateofyourlife,agreatplacetostartchangingitforthebetteristochoosebettermusictolistento.Notconvincedthatyoushouldlistentopositivemusic? Considerthatallactionispreceded(先于)byathought.It’simpossibletotakeanactionwithouthavingsomethoughtabouttheactionbeforeyoudoit.Wheredoyourthoughtscomefrom?Theycomefromwhatyouarelisteningto,whatyouareseeingandwhoyouarehangingoutwith.Theseinfluencesovertime,areresponsibleforourbeliefsandultimatelyouractions.HowtomakepositivechangesinyourlifeChoosingmusicwithapositivemessageisagreatwaytostartmakingpositivechangesinyourlife.Don’tyoulikewhereyourlifeisheaded?Changingthemusicyou’relisteningtoisanimportantfirststeptowardscreatingadifferent,morepositivelifeforyourself.76.Whyismusicverypowerful?(nomorethan6words)_________________________________________________________________________77.Whatshouldyoudoinordertoseethepositiveinyourlife?(nomorethan5words)_________________________________________________________________________78.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ultimately”mean?(1word) _________________________________________________________________________79.Whatistheadvantageofchoosingmusicwithapositivemessage?(nomorethan10words)_________________________________________________________________________80.Pleaseexplainhowyouareinspiredbythemusicyouchoose(nomorethan20words)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第三部分写作(满分20分)81.假定你是晨光中学的学生李津，你和几位同学成立了一个英语俱乐部，开展了为期两个月的活动。现在，你将代表俱乐部在课堂上进行经验交流，请写一篇发言稿，内容如下：（1）简要描述俱乐部开展的相关活动（如观看英文电影、阅读英文经典等方面）；（2）谈谈你们开展该活动的收获和感想；（3）表达期望。注意：（1）短文词数不少于100;（2）可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯； （3）不能出现本人真实信息；（4）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dearfriends,Howtimeflies!   ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________                                                               Thankyou! 2018～2019学年度第一学期期末六校联考高一英语参考答案第一卷：选择题第一部分：听力理解：（满分15分，每小题1分）1~5BCBAA      6~10CBACB         11~15ACBCB第二部分：英语知识运用第一节：单项选择（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 16-20ADCDB   21-25CADDB        26-30CDABC第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)31-35CACBB   36-40DDBAB       41-45CDBCA      46-50ADCBD第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分,满分30分）51-55DADCB   56-60BCADA       61-65BADCB第二卷：非选择题第一部分：单词拼写(共10小题；每题1分，满分10分)66.drugs     67.embarrassed      68.imitated     69.Enthusiastic   70.fluently   71.cultural   72.audience         73.permission   74.destroyed   75.recover第二部分：阅读表达（共5小题；每题2分，满分10分）76.Becausemusicdetermineswhoyouare./Becausemusicinfluences/affectsyougreatly.77.Thinkaboutpositivethings/Thinkpositivethoughts78.finally/eventually79.Makingpositivechangesinyourlife./Creatingadifferent,morepositivelifeforyourself.  /Makingyouliveapositivelife./Improvingyourlifeinapositiveway. 80.Answerscanvary.  (WhenIchoosepositivemusic,Iwillhaveapositiveattitudetowardslifeandlivehappily.)第三部分：书面表达（满分20分）Dearfriends,Howtimeflies!ItismorethantwomonthssinceourEnglishClubwassetupbyseveralclassmatesandme.Onbehalfofmyclassmates,I’dliketotalkaboutsomethingaboutourclub.SofarwehaveconductedavarietyofactivitiesonEnglishlearning,suchaswatchingEnglishfilms,readingclassicEnglishnovels,holdingaChristmaspartyandsoon.Everymembertookanactivepartintheactivities.Manymemberssaidtheactivitiesbenefitedthemalot.NotonlydidtheyimprovetheirEnglish,butalsotheybroughtthemmuchfun.Personally,Ithinkitisreallyagoodideatosetuptheclub.Itishopedthatourclubisgrowingstrongerandmoremature.Andwelcomemoreclassmatestotheclub.That’sall.Thankyou. 高考满分作文：和世界边吃边聊　　那年哈佛大学的几个学生到学校交流，我们尽地主之谊，请他们在附近的饭店吃了个中饭。有个美国人特别逗，几乎每样菜上来都让他很惊讶——　　“哇，这是蔬菜！”　　“这个猪肉丸子太好吃了！”　　“天哪……”　　虽然对中国食物在海外的盛誉有所耳闻，但这种“没见过世面”的样子，我们还真是没有想到。 　　接下来，更让人惊奇的事情发生了——他小心地用手把碗里最后一点米饭放进嘴里，还一个劲地说，这是今天最好吃的东西。他是黑人，黑乎乎的手指和白亮亮的米饭对比鲜明。　　那一刻，我们的民族自豪感几乎爆棚。　　为什么中国的食物特别美味？　　可能是因为我们对“吃”太在意的缘故。对中国人来说，吃绝不仅仅是“吃东西”那样简单。有人说是一种文化，其实，还不止于文化。《诗经》中有首诗赞美鲁僖公“夙夜在公”，勤勉于公事。是什么公事呢？“夙夜在公，在公饮酒。夙夜在公，在公载燕。”其实，这所谓的公事就是饮酒吃饭。当然，这不是单纯的吃喝玩乐，而是在欢娱群臣。　　对中国人而言，吃是一种政治。从百姓的角度看，民以食为天，填饱肚子才谈得上诗书礼乐这些文明创建工作。从治国来说，饮食则有着另一种意义。古代的一些治国之言，如“治大国如烹小鲜”、调和鼎鼐等等，都是以烹饪之理来隐喻治国。前者是说治理国家要少折腾，折腾多了鱼肉就散了。后者说的是要各种味道调得恰到好处，也就是大家的利益都要考虑到，不偏不倚才能长治久安。 　　由此可见，在中国，美食之所以重要，正是因为民生的重要。美食，既是中国人的生活追求，同时也包含着中国的治理哲学。中国人重实际，重视民生超过民主，重视结果正义超过程序正义。就好像美食，怎么做出来的无所谓，所有东西的量都是模糊的，程序也可以颠倒，关键是结果——一定要好吃。　　当然，还有一条很重要，就是“和”。一个菜会有好几种配料，每一种配料都它存在的价值。各种味道同时存在于菜肴之中，有主有辅，但任何味道都不能完全盖掉其他味道。就好像鱼香肉丝中的醋香，或是小龙虾里的麻辣。也好像人与人的共事，有主有辅，有同有异，但绝不能强求一致。这就是“和而不同”。　　今天的世界，已经大不同于古代的“天下”。如何在纷繁复杂的国际环境下，避免无谓冲突，彰显中国力量，凝聚各国共识，考验着中国人的政治智慧。今年初，在联合国日内瓦总部的演讲中，习近平总书记提出了“世界怎么了、我们怎么办”这个富有哲学意味的问题，并就此提出了一套中国方案，那就是“构建人类命运共同体，实现共赢共享”，而“一带一路”，正是实现共赢共享发展的重要渠道。　　这正是全球化背景下的“治大国如烹小鲜”和“调和鼎鼐”。 　　西方喜欢强调文明的冲突，我们呢，爱说和合。“如烹小鲜”，就是不互相折腾，把彼此的不同搁置起来，把全人类的福祉放在首位，“调和鼎鼐”就是携手合作共同发展，欢喜热闹其乐融融。国家与国家之间，不是拿着刀扛着枪的敌人，而是邻居，或是都在地球村上班的同事。从这个角度看，“一带一路”就好像是一次丰盛的晚宴，中国是东道主，大家都是客人，各种文明在宴会上交汇，枣红色的北京烤鸭、黑晶晶的鱼子酱、黄中带焦的香煎鹅肝，都是美味……也要上点老百姓爱吃的小龙虾、麻辣烫，当然，还有那位美国小哥最喜欢的米饭，那更是我们一天都不能少的。　　中国人过日子，就图个实在。世界和平，最终还是得落实在餐桌上。一盘麻辣小龙虾，好过谈判桌上的千言万语。　　来，让我们和世界边吃边聊。