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1名词一.名词的分类（一）专有名词表示具体的人、事物、地点或机构的专有名称。例如：Jim吉姆MayDay五一节China中国NewYork纽约（二）普通名词表示一类人或东西是一个抽象概念的名称。1.个体名词表示某类人或东西中的个体。例如：student学生panda熊猫pencil铅笔2.集体名词表示若干个体组成的集合体。例如：class阶级party党派army军队group组3.物质名词表示无法分为个体的实物。例如：water水fire火paper纸4.抽象名词表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念。例如：work工作light光二、规则内的名词的复数说明词尾的加法例词一般情况加-sboots,houses以s,x,ch,sh加-eswatches,brushes（N：stomachs）以o结尾多数情况下加es(以辅音字母加o结尾)tomatoes,potatoes,heroes以y结尾以辅音字母加结尾，变y为i，加esstories,factories元音字母加y结尾，直接加stoys,boys以f或fe结尾变f或fe为v,加esknives,wives,leaves直接加sroofs,beliefs,proofs两种方法均可handkerchiefs,handkerchieves三.规则外的名词的复数形式（一）zoo—zoosbamboo---bamboosphoto---photosradio---radiospiano---pianos巧记：动物园竹林中举办照片展，收音机里钢琴的声音回荡在林子间零公斤烟草kilo----kiloszero---zero或zeroestobacco---tobaccos证据:海湾房顶上的农奴信仰首领proofsgulfsroofsserfsbeliefschiefshandkerchief--handkerchiefshandkerchieveszero—zeros/zeroesvolcano---volcanos/volcanoessafe---safes（保险箱）stomach--stomachs(二)man--menwoman---womenfoot---feettooth---teethchild---childrenmouse---micegoose---geeseox---oxenphenomenon--phenomena(三)单、复数形式相同ChineseJapaneseSwissmeansworksyuanjinfenmuSheepdeerfish(在表示不同种类的鱼时，fish可以加复数词尾。例如：)Hecaughtmanyfishesyesterday.各种---steelsteassilksfertilizers(四)有些名词经常以复数形式出现：thanksgoodstrousersclothesglassesscissorsshoeschopsticksspectacles(眼镜)socksoveralls(工装裤)surroundings(环境)winnings（赢得物）commons平民cross—roads有些名词虽以-s作词尾，却通常作单数看待：politicsmathematicsphysicsphoneticsnewssavings积蓄remains遗骸bellows（风箱）有些名词的复数有两个意思，一个与单数的意义相似，另一个则和单数意义不同colour颜色colours颜色旗帜arm手臂arms手臂武器custom习惯customs习惯海关（五）cattlepoliceyouthmilitiapeople用作复数。(六)复合名词变成复数时，有下列三种情况：1.film-goers常看电影的人tooth-brushes牙刷greenhousesgo-betweensgrown-upsdrawbacks2.在主体名词末加-slookers-onpassers-bysons-in-lawdaughters-in-laweditors-in-chief3.两个构成部分都要变成复数。例如：mendoctorswomenworkers(七)注意：变复数后应浊化的五个词的巧记：路旁有座房（path,house）房内有浴缸（bath）浴缸有青年（youth）青年把嘴张（mouth）（八）.不可数名词数及数量表示法（物质名词和抽象名词）1．不可数名词物质名词和抽象名词属于不可数名词如:water，rice，fish，meat等。特别记住：workchalktimespacemusicmoneyweathercottonhomeworkwoodinformationnewsmedicine2.一般用单数形式。但物质名词在表示不同类别时，可以用复数；有些物质名词的单、复数表示不同意义；有些物质名词有时不可数，有时可数，其意义有所不同；有些抽
2象名词也可用复数，指可数的具体事物；而有些抽象名词复数形式时，表示别的意义。tea茶----teas各种茶steel钢----steels各种钢snow雪---snows积雪fish(鱼)fishes(各种鱼)fruit(水果)fruits(各种水果)room(空间)–aroom(房间)sand沙---sands沙滩water水---waters江水，海水green绿色---greens青菜paper纸---apaper一张报纸，一份文件hair(所有头发)–hairs(几根头发)glass玻璃---aglass一只玻璃杯fire火-----afire一堆火hope---hopes希望time时间---times时代work工作---works著作iron铁----aniron一个熨斗wood–woodsshort–shortsforce–forces（军队）green—greens（蔬菜）ruin—ruins（废墟）3.物质名词在表示数量时，常用表示数量的of词组来表示。apieceofpaperacupofwateratinoffruitacakeofsoapacakeofsoap4.专有名词一般只用单数，但有时也可用复数。例如：theWangs王家全家人TherearefourLiusinourclass.我们班有四个姓刘的。四、所有格的构成方法，在名词后加“"s”。如：Tom→Tom"s“…的”，若遇上以s结尾的复数名词，则在s后加“"”即可。如：Teachers"Day,twoweeks"holiday，而不以s结尾的复数名词的所有格，仍按惯例加"s。如：Children"sDay五、名词所有格应注意的地方1，并列名词各自的所有格，在每个名词后加‘s。John’sandMary’smothers(二人各自的母亲)如果是亲兄妹，写成JohnandMary’smother2，习惯上也用于某些表示时间、团体、城镇、国家、太阳、月亮、地球、距离等无生命名词。例如：today’snewspaperourParty’sstandBeijing’sweatherChina’scapitaltenminutes’walkthemoon’slight3，名词所有格修饰的名词，如果上文提到过，可以省略；表示某人的家、商店等时，被所有格修饰的名词，也不常出现。可用名词所有格表示地点。如：myaunt"s我姑姑家。gotothedoctor"s去医生家。Thisisnotmypen,butXiaoLi’s.I’mgoingtomyuncle’s(house)fordinner.4，凡不能在词尾加’s的名词，都可以用of构成短语，表示所有关系。此外，of所有格能表示同位关系，’s所有格则不能。Shedoesn’tliveinthecityofBeijing.5，双重所有格of所有格和’s所有格两种形式结合而成的后置修饰语，叫做双重所有格。（1）用作of宾格的所有格名词，一般是人，必须是特指的。severalstudentsofLaoHu’sThatdictionaryoftheteachers’(2)of前的名词可以和a,any,some,no,few,two等数量词连用，但不能和one,the连用：可以和指示代词this,that连用，表示爱憎等情绪。Afriendofmybrother’swillcometojoinus.Thatlittledaughterofyoursister’sisreallyadear.(3)双重所有格与of-所有格的不同含义：aphotoofMrGreen’s格林先生收藏的一张照片aphotoofMrGreen格林先生的相片六、.名词作定语时一般用单数形式，但在个别情况下也有需用复数的。goodstrain货车sportsmeet运动会theUnitedStatesgovernment美国政府atwo-thirdsmajority三分之二多数asportsfieldaclothesshop代词用法归纳人称代词单数复数人称一二三一二三主格Iyouhesheitweyouthey宾格meyouhimheritusyouthem1.人称代词作主语时用主格，作宾语时用宾格Theyalllikehimverymuch.Shegavethebookstoyouandme.2.在强调句中，亦可用宾格代替主格。Itwasmethatdidit.(=ItwasIthatdidit.)在比较状语从句中（as.Than）口语中常用宾格，书面语常用主格。I’mfatterthanhim.---Whoisit?---It"sme．(作表语)---I"dliketohavearest．---Me，too．（自由对话）3.人称代词在并列使用时的顺序为“第二人称，第三人称，第一人称”You,sheandIallenjoythemusic.你我她都喜欢音乐。4.it作为人称代词时，可以表示天气、距离、时间、环境等What’theweatherliketoday?–It’swindy.It’saboutfiveminutes’walkfromhometoschool.5.it可作为形式主语，将不定式、动名词等构成的主语后移，使句子显得平稳It’shardtoreachtheapples.It’sgoodforyoutakingawalkaftersupper.6.一般说来，在指代身份或性别明确的人时，通常要根据情况用代词he/she；若是指代身份或性别不明的人，则用代词it：在对话中说话者对所涉及的人不了解.甚至趁男记女也不了解,比如有人敲门.或打电话时,只闻其声不
3见其人.常用it来指代不清楚的人.Idon’tknowwhoitis.我不知道那是谁。Atallmanstoodupandshookhandswithher.Itwasthegeneralmanager.一个高个子站起来同她握了手，他是总经理。6．We,you与第三人称代词特殊用法1），we用来泛指一般人，相当于people或you,theyandI,常译为“人（们）”，常含自己在内。Wehaveshortcomingsaswellasgoodpoints.人们总是既有优点，也有缺点。2），you在大多数情况下可以同one通用，常译为“人们”、“任何人”Youeattoliveandnotlivetoeat.Youhavetobecarefulwithpeopleyoudon’tknow.3），第三人称代词的特殊用法they可以用来指“人们”“有人”“人家”Theysaytherearelivingthingsonthemoon.He可以用来泛指“任何人”，相当于one.Hewhoplayswithfiregetsburnt.she可以用来代表国家、船只、大地、月亮等Weloveourmotherland,wehopeshe’llbestrongerandbigger.Theshipisleaving.She’sonherfirsttriptoBoston.It可以用来指代小孩。心目中想的或上下文提及的人，若再次提到这个人时就得用he/she。It可以用来代替人的不定代词（somebody,someone...)Thechildsmiledwhenitsawitsmother.Whoistheperson?---It’smyfriend,TomMaybeheiscomingtoaskforme.Somebodyhasbeenhere.Butwehavenoideawhoitwas.二、物主代词PossessivePronouns单数复数形容词性myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名词性mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs1.形容词性物主代词在句中只能作定语Mybrotherisaworker.2.名词性物主代词在句中可作表语、主语和宾语Whosedictionaryisthis?–It’smine.Ourroomisbigandtheirsissmall.Youmayusemypen.I’llusehers.3.形容词性物主代词+名词=名词性物主代词Thesebooksaren"tours.Oursarenew.(ourbooks=ours)4.“of+名词性物主代词”表示所属Asisterofhisisanurse.他的一个妹妹是个护士。Tomisafriendofmine我的一个朋友三、反身代词单数myselfyourselfhimselfherselfitself复数ourselvesyourselvesthemselves1.反身代词在句中可以作宾语、表语和同位语Hethinksmoreofothersthanofhimself.Thatpoorboywasmyself.Hehimselfwasadoctor.2.反身代词有以下常见搭配enjoyoneself=haveagoodtimebyoneself=alonehelponeselfto…learnsth.byoneself=teachoneselfsth.注意：oneself有单复数之分Ienjoymyself.Children,helpyourselvestosomefish.I"mnotquitemyselftoday．我今天不大舒服。Ｍakeyourselfathome．不要拘礼；请随便吧。3.反身代词作介词的宾语也常用于一些惯用语组中。例如：byoneself独自地、自动地Thisisamachinethatworksbyitself．这是一部自动化的机器。ofoneself启动地、自然而然地Thediseasewillnotdieofhimself．疾病不会自然消亡。foroneself为自己、亲自地Shefeltsorryforherself．她为自己感到难过。inoneself本性、本身Itisnotabadideainitself．这主意本身不错。tooneself独占、独有HowIwishtohaveahousetomyself！多么希望能独有自己的房子呀!besideoneself精神失常、发狂Hewasbesidehimselfwithjoy.他欣喜若狂。aboveoneself自高自大He’sbitabovehimselfnow．他现在有点自视过高四、不定代词不是指明代替特定名词（或形容词）的代词all,each,every,both,either,neithernone,one,little,few,many,muchother,another,some,any,no由some,any,no,every等构成的合成代词几组在用法上容易混淆的不定代词1.some/any2.many/much3.another/other4.theother/others/theothers5.few/afew/little/alittle6.every/each7.any/none/all(表三者或三者以上范围)8.both/either/neither9.Something/anything/nothingSomebody/anybody/nobody10.noone/nobody/none/nothing
4noone，nobody表没有人，nothing指没有什么事物，none兼指人和物。none着眼于数量概念。"特指的人或物一个也没有，一点儿也没有"。----Howmanypeoplearethereinthehall?----None．(回答howmany)----whowantstogowithhim?----Noone(Nobody)．(回答who)----Whatcanyouseeinthebottle?----Nothing．(回答what)----Isthereanywaterinit?----None．陈述部分主语是指示代词或不定代词everything,that,nothing,this,疑问部分主语用it。Everythingisready,isn"tit?陈述部分主语是不定代词everybody,anyone,somebody,nobody,noone,everyone等，疑问部分常用复数they，有时也用单数heNobodyknowsaboutit,dothey?(doeshe?)Everyoneknowstheanswer,don"tthey?(doeshe?)Noonewashurtintheaccident,werethey?五、指示代词表示空间和时间远近关系的代词包括:this/that(单数)these/those(复数)such1．that，those常用来指代前面提到过的某个名词。Theoiloutputin1998washigherthanthatof1995．(that代替oiloutput)ThecarsmadeinJapanarebetterthanthoseinGermany．2.this和that有时还可以用作副词，表示程度。Icanonlypromiseyouthismuch.我只能答应你这么多。Ican’twalkthatfar.suchsuch引起倒装句，谓语数取决于后面主语的数Suchismyanswer．Suchareourpeople．做定语，注意和so的区别，尤其是在so…that，such…that句型中。Ihaveneverseensuchbeautifulflowers．(复数名词前，so不可)Ihaveneverseensuchagreatfilm．(也可为sogreatafilm)Wehavesuchbeautifulweathertodaythatweshouldgooutforanouting．(不可数词前，不可用so)Therearesomanypeopleinthehallthatit"shardformetofindhim．(在数量概念的多少many，much，little，few之前，不可用such只能用so,否则用such六、疑问代词用来构成特殊疑问句的代词常见有：whowhomwhosewhatwhichwho(ever),whom(ever),whose(ever),which(ever),what(ever)通常做主语宾语定语表语Whatmakesyouthinklikethat?做主语Who(Whom)wereyoutalkingwith?做宾语WhichbusdoIneed?做定语What’syourfather?做表语七、相互代词可换用eachother=oneanotherDoyouoftenwritetoeachother?八、关系代词：who,whom,whose,which,that,as高考英语名词试题01.Everytonofthisrecycledpaperuses90litresofwaterinits_____A.structureB.manufactureC.constructionD.organization02.Mostairpollutioniscausedbytheburningof____likecoal,gasandoil.A.fuelsB.articlesC.goodsD.products03.Iboughtadressforonly10dollarsinasale;itwasareal____.A.exchangeB.bargainC.tradeD.business04.---Shallwegooutforawalk?---Sorry.Thisisnottheright___toinviteme.Iamtootiredtowalk.A.momentB.situationC.placeD.chance05.Tosavesomeofthehumanlanguagesbeforetheyareforgotten,thestudentsinourschoolstartedadiscussion“SaveOur_____”A.SkyB.LifeC.ArtsD.Voices06.Dogshaveaverygood____ofsmellandareoftenusedtosearchforsurvivorsinanearthquake.A.senseB.viewC.meansD.idea07.Theyoungmanmadea______tohisparentsthathewouldtrytoearnhisownlivingaftergraduation.A.predictionB.promiseC.planD.contribution08.Thetopleadersofthetwocountriesareholdingtalksinafriendly______A.atmosphereB.stateC.situationD.phenomenon09.What’sthe_____ofhavingapublicopenspacewhereyoucan’teat,drinkorevensimplyhangoutforawhile?A.senseB.matterC.caseD.opinion10.Ican’tsaywhichwineisbest—it’sa(n)___ofpersonaltaste.A．affairB．eventC．matterD．variety11.Heandhiswifeareofthesame;theybothwanttheirsontogotocollege.A.soulB.spiritC.heartD.mind12.Mymorningincludesjoggingintheparkandreadingnewspapersoverbreakfast.A.drillB.actionC.regulationD.routine13.Despitesuchabigdifferenceintowardswhatoneeats,thereisnodoubtthatpeopleinthewestregardtheChinesefoodassomethingspecial.A.pointB.ideaC.attitudeD.sight14.Onethousanddollarsamonthisnotafortunebutwouldhelpcovermyliving_____.A.billsB.expensesC.pricesD.charges
515.—Youarealwaysfullof.Canyoutellmethesecret?—Takingplentyofexerciseeveryday.A.powerB.strengthC.forceD.energy16.Thepracticeofhangingclothesacrossthestreetisacommon______inmanypartsofthecity.A.lookB.signC.sightD.appearance17.Ofthesevendaysinaweek,Saturdayissaidtobethemostpopular____foraweddinginsomecountry.A.wayB.situationC.eventD.choice18.Healthproblemsarecloselyconnectedwithbadeatinghabitsanda_____ofexercise.A.limitB.lackC.needD.demand19.Schoolchildrenmustbetaughthowtodealwithdangerous____.A.statesB.conditionsC.situationsD.positions20.—IfyoulikeIcandosomeshoppingforyou.—That"saverykind________.A.offerB.serviceC.pointD.suggestion21.Tomakemembersofateamperformbetter,thetrainerfirstofallhastoknowtheir______andweaknesses.A.strengthsB.benefitsC.techniquesD.values22.The______onhisfacetoldmethathewasangry.A.impressionB.sightC.appearanceD.expression23.Atthemeetingtheydiscussedthreedifferent____tothestudyofmathematics.A.approachesB.meansC.methodsD.ways24.Alwaysreadthe______onthebottlecarefullyandtaketherightamountofmedicine.A.explanationsB.instructionsC.descriptionsD.introductions25.Itissaidthatdogswillkeepyou—foraslongasyouwantwhenyouarefeelinglonely.A.safetyB.companyC.houseD.friend26.Findinginformationintoday’sworldiseasy.The_____ishowyoucantelliftheinformationyougetisusefulornot.A.abilityB.competitionC.challengeD.knowledge27.Youhavebeensittingonmyhatandnowitisbadlyoutof_____.A.dateB.shapeC.orderD.balance28.Itisno_____arguingwithBillbecausehewillneverchangehismind.A.useB.helpC.timeD.way29.IamsureDavidwillbeabletofindthelibrary—hehasaprettygood_______ofdirection.A.ideaB.feelingC.experienceD.sense30.My______ofthisweekend’sactivityisgoingoutwithsomegoodfriend.A.ideaB.opinionC.mindD.thought31.TheheadofficeofthebankisinBeijing,butithas_____alloverthecountry.A.companiesB.branchesC.organizationsD.businesses32.Heprovedhimselfatruegentlemanandthebeautyofhis______wasseenatbestwhenheworkedwithothers.A.temperB.appearanceC.talentD.character33.Ifyoubuymorethanten,theyknock20penceoff______.A.apriceB.priceC.thepriceD.prices34．ThefacesoffourfamousAmericanpresidentsonMountRushmorecanbeseenfroma_____of60miles.A.lengthB.distanceC.wayD.space35．Theenvironmentalistsandwildgoats’_____onthevastgrasslandswasagoodindicationofthebetterenvironment.A.escapeB.absenceC.attendanceD.appearance36．Indealingwithpublicrelations,weshouldmakeeveryefforttopreventthe_____inpersonality.A.contactB.contrastC.connectionD.conflict37．Chineseartshavewonthe______ofalotofpeopleoutsideChina.A.enjoymentB.appreciationC.entertainmentD.reputation38．Ikeepmedicinesonthetopshelf,outofthechildren’s.A.reachB.handC.holdD.place39．Don’tleavematchesorcigarettesonthetablewithinoflittlechildren.A．handB．reachC．spaceD．distance40.—I’msorryIsteppedoutsideforasmoke.Iwasverytired.—Thereisno____forthiswhileyouareonduty.A．reasonB．excuseC．causeD．explanation41."Idon"tthinkit"smy_____thattheTVblewup.Ijustturnediton,that"sall,"saidtheboy.A.errorB.mistakeC.faultD).duty42.Oneoftheconsequencesofourplanet"sbeingwarmingupisa(n)______inthenumberofnaturaldisasters.A.resultB.accountC.reasonD.increase43.Lifeistoughinthecity.Inordertolosetheir_____somepeopledrinkalcohol.A.temperB.moodC.consciousnessD.pressures44.Themanagerhasgotagoodbusiness____sothecompanyisdoingwell.A.ideaB.senseC.thoughtD.thinking45.---I’mtakingmydrivingtesttomorrow.---_______!A.CheersB.GoodluckC.ComeonD.Congratulations46.Toregaintheirafteranexhaustinggame,theplayerslayinthegrass.A.forceB.energyC.powerD.health
647.Accordingtotherecentresearch,heavycoffeedrinkingandheartattackisnotnecessarilyandeffect.A.reasonB.impactC.factD.cause48.Everynewhasthepossibilityofmakingorlosingmoney.A.eventB.ventureC.adventureD.expectation49.You’llfindthismapofgreat_____inhelpingyoutogetroundLondon.A.priceB.costC.valueD.usefulness50.Ifbyanychancesomeonecomestoseeme,askthemtoleavea.A.messageB.letterC.sentenceD.notice答案：1---5BABAD6---10ABAAC11---15DDCBD16---20CDBCA21---25ADABB26---30CBADA31---35BDCBD36---40DBABB41---45CDDBB46---50BDBCA高考代词考题01、—Whichofthetwocomputergamesdidyouprefer?—ActuallyIdidn’tlike_____.A.bothofthemB.eitherofthemC.noneofthemD.neitherofthem02、TheEnglishspokenintheUnitedStatesisonlyslightlydifferentfrom___spokeninEngland.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.theone03、ItwashardforhimtolearnEnglishinafamily,inwhich___oftheparentsspokethelanguage.A.noneB.neitherC.bothD.each04、Manyfast-growingcountriesarelessconcernedwithprotecting___againstclimatechange.A.oneB.oneselfC.themD.themselves05、Doyouwantteaorcoffee?____,Ireallydon’tmind.A.noneB.neitherC.eitherD.or06、ToknowmoreabouttheBritishMuseum,youcanusetheInternetorgotothelibrary,or_____.A.neitherB.someC.allD.both07、----Couldweseeeachotherat3o’clockthisafternoon?----Sorry,let’smakeittime.A.other’sB.theotherC.anotherD.other08、—CouldyoutellmehowtogettoVictoriaStreet?—VictoriaStreet?____iswheretheGrandTheatreis.A.SuchB.ThereC.ThatD.This09.Makesureyou’vegotthepassportsandticketsand__beforeyouleave.A.somethingB.anythingC.everythingD.nothing10、Isn’titamazinghowthehumanbodyheals____afteraninjury?A.himselfB.himC.itselfD.it11、Thetwogirlsaregettingonverywellandshare_____witheachother.A.littleB.muchC.someDnone12、–I’dlikesomemorecheese.–Sorry,there’s______left.A.someB.noneC.alittleD.few13、Ourneighborsgave_____ababybirdyesterdaythathurt______whenitfellfromitsnest.A.us,itB.us,itselfC.ourselves,itselfD.ourselves,it14、Themanagerbelievespriceswillnotrisebymorethan__fourpercent.A.anyotherB.theotherC.anotherD.other15、–Howdoyoufindyournewclassmates?–Mostofthemarekind,but__issogoodtomeasBruce.A.noneB.nooneC.everyoneD.someone16.—Whatdoyouthinkoftheperformancetoday?—Great!butamusicalgeniuscouldperformsosuccessfully.A.AllB.NoneC.AnybodyD.Everybody17.Idon’tmindhercriticizingme,but__ishowshedoesitthatIobjectto.A.itB.thatC.thisD.which18._______worriesmethewayhekeepschanginghismind.A．ThisB．ThatC．WhatD．It19.---Thereisstillacopyofthebookinthelibrary.Willyougoandborrow?--No,I’dratherbuyinthebookstore.A.it;oneB.one;oneC.one;itD.it;it20.Themayorhasofferedarewardof$5000towhocancapturethetigeraliveordead.A.bothB.othersC.anyoneD.another21.Hehasmadealotoffilms,but____goodones.A.anyB.someC.fewD.many22.Tosaveclasstime,ourteacherhas_____studentsdohalfoftheexerciseinclassandcompletetheotherhalfforhomework.A.usB.weC.ourD.ours23.____feltfunnywatchingmyselfonTV.A.OneB.ThisC.ItD.That24.Hedidn’tmake____clearwhenandwherethemeetingwouldbeheldA.thisB.thatC.itD.these25.Thebookisofgreatvalue.canbeenjoyedunlessyoudigestit.A.NothingB.SomethingC.EverythingD.Anything26.---Haveyouheardthelatestnews?---No,What________?A.isitB.isthereC.aretheyD.arethose27.Theschool"smusicgroupwillbegivingabigshowtomorrownightandtwoontheweekend.A.moreB.otherC.elseD.another28.Lastweek,onlytwopeoplecametolookatthehouse,_____wantedtobuyit.A.noneofthemB.bothofthemC.noneofwhomD.neitherofwhom
729.Littlejoycanequal____ofasurprisingendingwhenyoureadstories.A.thatB.thoseC.anyD.some30.It____wehadstayed,togetherforacoupleofweeks____Ifoundwehadalotincommon.A.wasuntil;whenB.wasuntil;thatC.wasn"tuntil;whenD.wasn"tuntil;that31.--Hegothisfirstbookpublished.Itturnedouttobeabestseller.--Whenwas___?--___wasin2000whenhewasstillincollege.A.that;ThisB.this;ItC.it;ThisD.that;It32.Jimsoldmostofhisthings.Hehashardly_______leftinthehouse.A.anythingB.everythingC.nothingD.something33.Itisnotwhoisrightbutwhatisright______isofimportance.A.whichB.itC.thatD.this34.TheinformationontheInternetgetsaroundmuchmorerapidlythan____inthenewspaper.A.itB.thoseC.oneD.that35.Yourstoryisperfect;I’veneverheard______before.A.thebetteroneB.thebestoneC.abetteroneD.agoodone36.IfIcanhelp______,Idon’tlikeworkinglateintothenight.A.soB.thatC.itD.them37.—Whichdriverwastoblame?—Why,______!Itwasthechild’sfault,clearandsimple.Hesuddenlycameoutbetweentwoparkedcars.A.bothB.eachC.eitherD.neither38.Mygrandmastilltreatsmelikeachild.Shecan’timagine____grownup.A.myB.mineC.myselfD.me39.Ofallthebooksonthedesk,______isofanyuseforourstudy.A.nothingB.nooneC.neitherD.none40._____isourbeliefthatimprovementsinhealthcarewillleadtoastronger,moreprosperouseconomy.A.AsB.ThatC.ThisD.It41.Ifyoucan"tdecidewhichofthetwobookstoborrow,whydon"tyoutake______?Iwon"treadthemthisweek.A.allB.anyC.eitherD.both42.AsthebusiestwomaninNorton,shemade______herdutytolookafteralltheotherpeople’saffairsinthattown.A.thisB.thatC.oneD.it43.Wehadapicniclasttermanditwasalotoffun,solet’shave_______onethismonth.A.theotherB.someC.anotherD.other44.--WhocalledmethismorningwhenIwasout?--Amancalling___Robert.AhisB.himselfC.hisD.不填45.Youmaydropinorjustgivemeacall.______willdo.AEitherB.EachC.NeitherD.All46.Catherineboughtapostcardoftheplaceshewasvisiting,addressed______to______andthenposteditatthenearbypostoffice.A.it;herB.it;herselfC.herself;herD.herself;herself47.Mymostfamousrelativeofall,_______whoreallylefthismarkonAmerica,wasRobSussel,mygreat-grandfather.A.oneB.theoneC.heD.someone48.I"dappreciate___ifyouwouldliketoteachmehowtousethecomputer.A.thatB.itC.thisD.you49.Ihear______boysinyourschoollikeplayingfootballintheirsparetime,thoughotherspreferbasketball.A.quitealotB.quiteafewC.quiteabitD.quitealittle50.WeaskedJohnandJerry,but_____ofthemcouldofferasatisfactoryexplanation.A.eitherB.noneC.bothD.neither51.Wehaven’tenoughbooksfor__;someofyouwillhavetoshare.A.somebodyB.anybodyC.everybodyD.nobody52.Thechairmanthought__necessarytoinviteProfessorSmithtospeakatthemeeting.A.thatB.itC.thisD.him53.ThedoctoradvisedVerastronglythatsheshouldtakeaholiday,but___didn’thelp.A.itB.sheC.whichD.he54.IpreferaflatinInvernessto______inPerth,becauseIwanttolivenearmyMom’s.A.oneB.thatC.itD.this55.Noprogresswasmadeinthetradetalkasneithersidewouldaccepttheconditionsof______.A.othersB.theotherC.eitherD.another56.—Victorcertainlycarestoomuchabouthimself.—Yes.He’sneverinterestedinwhat______isdoing.A.nooneelseB.anyoneelseC.someoneelseD.nobodyelse57.Ithinkhe’sjustgoingtodealwiththisproblem______day.A.nextB.otherC.followingD.another58.Imadeacalltomyparentsyesterday.Tomydisappointment,_____ofthemansweredit.A.eitherB.noneC.neitherD.nobody59.Youwillfindasyoureadthisbookthatyoujustcan’tkeepsomeofthesestoriesto______.Youwillwanttosharethemwithafriend.A.itselfB.yourselfC.himselfD.themselves60.First,itisimportanttorecognizewhatkindofpersonyouareandwhichspecialqualitiesmakeyoudifferentfrom______.A.everyoneelseB.theotherC.someoneelseD.therest
861.Carsdocauseussomehealthproblems—infactfarmoreserious______thanmobilephonesdo.A.oneB.onesC.itD.them62.We’vebeenlookingathousesbuthaven’tfound______welikeyet.A.oneB.onesC.itD.them63.Idon’tthinkwe’vemetbefore.You’retakingmefor______.A.someotherB.someoneelseC.otherpersonD,oneother64.I’mmovingtothecountrysidebecausetheairthereismuchfresherthan______inthecity.A.onesB.oneC.thatD.those65.Ilike_______intheautumnwhentheweatherisclearandbright.A.thisB.thatC.itD.one1---5,BCBDC6---10,DCCCC11---15,BBBCA16---20,BADAC21---25,CACCA26---30,AADAD31---35,DACDC36---40,CDDDD41---45,DDCBA46---50,BBBBD51---55,CBAAB56---60,BDCBA61---65,BABCCHereismyideaabouthowafriendislike.Firstly,76._____afriendissomeoneyoucanshareyoursecrets.Ifyou77._____tellhimasecret,neverwillhetalksaboutitwithanybody78._____else.Besides,afriendisalwaysgoodlistenerwhenyou79._____needone.Afterhearyoursadstories,hewillsaysome80.wordsthatisniceandwarm.Still,yourhappinessmakes81._____himhappilytoo.What’smore,agoodfriendiswillingto82._____offerthehelptowhichyouneed,orcanatleastgiveyou83._____someadvices.Inaword,friendsarethoseyoulikeand84.trust,andyouwillenjoyeveryminutethatyouspentwith85._____them.1676.howwhat,77.在secret之后加with.78.talkstalk79.在always之后加a80.hearhearing，。81.isare，82.happilyhappy，83.去掉to，84.advicesadvice，LiuXiangwashonoredtoparticipateonthe2008OlympicGames,1.______soitwasfarfromaneasythingtogetchampion.2.______Notuntilhestartedtorundidherealizethepainonhisfoot.3.______Sohehadtogiveupthechance.4.______Afterdroppingoutofthecompetition,hewasfullofsad.5.______Atthesametime,evensomeonemadefunhim.6.______Luckily,manypeoplegavehisalotofencouragement.7.______Heexplainthatifhisfeethadn’tpained,8.______hewouldhavegettheNo.1.9.______Atlasthemadeuphismindtoworkhardandnevertosaygiveup.10.______1.on---in2.so---but3.foot---feet4.√5.sad---sadness6.fun∧of7.his---him8.explain---explained9.get---got10.去掉第二个to形容词、副词一、形容词作用与位置1．定语。1）在名词前做定语，为最常见用法。请注意多个形容词（含其它起形容词作用的词）做前置定语的顺序。"县官行令杀国才。"这一句就概述了形容词顺序问题。即：限（冠词[物主代词、指示代词]数词等）观（描绘）形（大小、形状等）龄（年令、新旧等）色（色彩）国（国籍、出处等）材（材料、功用等）aninterestingEnglishfilmaheavyblackChinesesilkumbrella2）做后置定语。修饰由不定代词no,any,some，every和one,thing等构成的复合词或形容词短语。2．表语。一定要注意系动词的出现情况。这是一个热点问题。常见系动词有：be变化系词：become,get,turn,grow,go保持系词：keep,remain,stay感观系词：look,smell,taste,feel,sound,appear,seem,proveetc.3.形容词作状语，表状况、原因、结果等。这也是应注意的一点。Hewenttobed,coldandhungry.
94.做宾补。Ifindidiomshardtolearn.Notice：①某些以a开始的形容词只做表语，不做定语。afraid,alike,alone,asleep,awake，alive②某些表身体健康状况的形容词只能做表语,不做定语well,illfaint③某些以-ly结尾的词是形容词而不是副词。friendly,comradely,lively,lovely,likely,lonely,deadly,silly,orderly,fatherly,daily,weekly,yearly等。④复合形容词的形式问题。an800-meter-wideriveranEnglish-speakingcountryamiddle-agedman二、副词位置1）时间副词和地点副词一般放于句尾。如同时出现，则地点副词在前。TheywentboatinginZhongshanParkyesterday.2)表频率的时间副词是考试的热点always,seldom,often,never,rarely,usually等，通常放于行为动词之前，be动词、情态动词和助动词之后。Heisalwaystellinglies,soIwillneverbelievehim.3)程度副词一般放在被修饰词之前（但enough除外）Heisveryyoung,soheisnotoldenoughtogotoschool.Notice:有些副词有两种形式，一个与形容词同形，一个以ly结尾，但它们的含义是不同的。closely-closedeeply-deephighly-highwidely-wide等。以ly结尾的词表较为抽象的含义，而与形容词同形的副词则表较为具体的概念。Heishighlypraisedforwhathehasdone.(高度地)Hecanseeabirdisflyinghighinthesky.（飞得高，具有可见性三、区别几组易混淆的副词、形容词already常用于肯定句yet常用于否定句、疑问句Thetrainhasalreadygone.Theyhaven’tcomebackyet.such修饰名词so修饰形容词、副词Ihaveneverseensuchaninterestingfilm.ThisboxissoheavythatIcan’tcarryit.alone(单独、独自)作表语=byoneselflonely(孤独的)可作表语、定语Helivedalone,buthedidn’tfeellonely.It’salonelyvillage.hard(努力地)hardly(几乎不)否定副词Sheworksveryhard,andhehardlyhasarestonSundays.四、比较等级的不规则变化good/well–better–bestmany/much–more–mostlittle–less–leastfar–farther–farthest(far–further–furthest)bad/badly/ill–worse–worst五、形容词和副词比较级和最高级的用法1)几种比较级的使用句型名称句型例句相等as原形as(as原形+名词as)Thetraintravelsasfastasthe3:55train.notas(so)原形asSheisnotas(so)beautifulashersister.==不及(notas[so]+名词+原形as)Sheislessbeautifulthanhersister.比较级+thanHealthismoreimportantthanwealth.超越the+比较级+ofthetwoHeisthetallerofthetwo.用于否定no+比较级+than和…一样不HeisnoricherthanI.他和我一样不富有。not+比较级+than不如…..用于否定HeisnotstrongerthanI.==HeisnotsostrongasI.程度递增erander，moreandmore+多音节词原级higherandhighermoreandmoreimportant同时变化the+比较级，the+比较级Thequickeryougetready,thesoonerwe"llbeabletoleave.三者以上比较the+最高级+of/in+比较范围Ofallthingsintheworld,peoplearetheprecious.2）最高级前the的用法1）在表语的形容词最高级前如不是和别人相比，常常不加冠词：Theenemywasweakestthere.Vegetablesarebestwhentheyarefresh.2)形容词最高级有时表示“非常”这样的意思，这时可加不定冠词。Itisamost(=very)touchingstory.Itwasmoststupidtoactlikethat.3)如形容词最高级前有物主代词，就不需再加the了。Tuesdayisourbusiestday.4)表示两者间“较…..的一个”时也需加定冠词。Heisthestrongerofthetwo.5)形容词最高级还可用于“atone’s….”这种短语中：Thepeonywasatitsbest.开得正盛6)掌握几种同义句转换及句型ora.Heistallerthananyotherstudentinhisclass.=Heistallerthantheotherstudentsinhisclass.=Heistallerthananyoftheotherstudentsinhisclass.=Heisthetallest(student)inhisclass.b.IprefermathstoEnglish.=IlikemathsbetterthanEnglish.c.Theboxistooheavyforhimtocarry.=Theboxissoheavythathecan’tcarryit.=Theboxisnotlightenoughforhimtocarry.
10六、加ly的派生副词1）大多是adj.直接加—lybravely,politely,softly但true—truly,due—duly2)以辅音字母加le收尾的词去e加—y：simple-simply,gentle-gently,comfortable-comfortably但sole-solelywhole-wholly3）以-ic收尾的词加ally：heroic-heroically,economic-economically但public-publicly4）以辅音字母加y读i的“-y”收尾的词：easy-easily,happy-happily,但dry-drylyshy-shylyday-dailygay–gaily5)以—ll结尾，加—yfull–fullydull—dully形容词和副词1._______totakethisadventurecoursewillcertainlylearnalotofusefulskills.A．BraveenoughstudentsB．EnoughbravestudentsC．StudentsbraveenoughD．Studentsenoughbrave2.It"salwaysdifficultbeinginaforeigncountry,___________ifyoudon"tspeakthelanguage.A．extremelyB．naturallyC．basicallyD．especially3.Itisgenerallybelievedthatreadingis_________itisascience.A.anartmuchasB.muchanartasC.asanartmuchasD.asmuchanartas4.Manypeoplehavehelpedwithcannedfood,however,thefoodbankneeds_____forthepoor.A．moreB．muchC．manyD．most5.Inthatcase,thereisnothingyoucando_______thanwait.A．moreB．otherC．betterD．any6.Iamsurprisedthatyoushouldhavebeenfooledbysucha（an）_____trick.A．ordinaryB．easyC．smartD．simple7.Borishasbrains.Infact,Idoubtwhetheranyoneintheclasshas_________IQ.Ａ．ahighＢ．ahigherＣ．thehigherＤ．thehighest8.Allthepeople______atthepartywerehissupporters.A.presentB.thankfulC.interestedD.important9.―WouldyouliketocometothedinnerpartyhereonSaturday?―Thankyou.I’dloveto,______I’llbeoutoftownattheweekend.A.becauseB.andC.soD.but10.Itwasrainingheavily.LittleMaryfeltcold,soshestood______tohermother.A.closeB.closelyC.closedD.closing11.—I’mverywithmyowncooking.Itlooksniceandsmellsdelicious.—Mm,itdoeshaveasmell.A.pleasant;pleasedB.pleased;plcasedC.pleasant;pleasantD.pleased;pleasant12.Twomiddle-agedpassengersfellintothesea.,neitherofthemcouldswim.A.InfactB.LuckilyC.UnfortunatelyD.Naturally13.Allenhadtocallataxibecausetheboxwastocarryallthewayhome.A．muchtooheavyB．toomuchheavyC．heavytoomuchD．tooheavymuch14.---Iheartheyaren’tpleasedwiththehouseyou’vechosenforthem…---Well,_________couldtheyliveinsuchcomfort?A.whereelseB.whatelseC.howDwhy15.Hedidit______ittookme.A.one-thirdatimeB.one-thirdtimeC.theone-thirdtimeD.one-thirdthetime16.---Youdon’tlookvery.Areyouill?---No,I’mjustabittired.A．goodB．wellC．strongD．healthy17.Mr.Smithusedtosmoke______buthehasgivenitup.AseriouslyBheavilyCbadlyDhardly18.The____________housesmellsasifithasn"tbeenlivedinforyears.A.littlewhitewoodenB.littlewoodenwhiteC.whitewoodenlittleD.woodenwhitelittle19.______studentsarerequiredtotakepartintheboatrace.A.TenstrongyoungChineseB.TenChinesestrongyoungC.ChinesetenyoungstrongD.YoungstrongtenChinese20.Thenumberofpeoplepresentattheconcertwas_______thanexpected.Thereweremanyticketsleft.A．muchsmallerB．muchmoreC．muchlargerD．manymore21.Itis______anywonderthathisfrienddoesn’tlikewatchingtelevisionmuch.A.noB.suchC.nearlyD.hardly22.Sometimesitwasabitboringtoworktherebecausetherewasn’talways______muchtodo.A.suchB.thatC.moreD.very23.Thegreatsuccessofthisprogrammehasbeen______duetothesupportgivenbythelocalbusinessmen.A.ratherB.veryC.quicklyD.largely24.Whenweplanourvacation,motheroftenoffers_____suggestions.A.carefulB.practicalC.effectiveD.acceptable25.ItisreportedthattheUnitedStatesuses_____energyasthewholeofEurope.A.astwiceB.twicemuchC.twicemuchasD.twiceasmuch26.Thatdoesn"tsoundveryfrightening,Paul,I"veseen_____.Whatdidyoulikemostaboutthefilm?
11A.betterB.worseC.bestD.worst27.Everyonewasontimeforthemeeting_____Chris,who"susuallytenminuteslateforeverything.A.butB.onlyC.evenD.yet28.JohnSmith,asuccessfulbusinessman,hasacar.A．largeGermanwhiteB．largewhiteGermanC．whitelargeGermanD．Germanlargewhite29.HespeaksEnglishwellindeed,butofcoursenot_____anativespeaker.（04上海）A.asfluentasB.morefluentthanC.sofluentlyasD.muchfluentlythan30.Marykeptweighingherselftoseehowmuch______shewasgetting.AheavierBheavyCtheheavierDtheheaviest31.Idon’tmindpickingupyourthingsfromthestore.______,thewalkwilldomegood.ASoonerorlaterBStillCIntimeDBesides32.Imustbegettingfat---Ican______domytrousersup.AfairlyBhardlyCnearlyDseldom33.Lizziewas______toseeherfriendoffattheairport.AalittlemorethansadBmorethanalittlesadCsadmorethanalittleDalittlemorethansad34.Ifyoucan’tcometomorrow,we’ll______havetoholdthemeetingnextweek.AyetBevenCratherDjust35.Thereatthedoorstoodagirlaboutthesameheight_____.A.asmeB.asmineC.withmineD.withme36._______,somefamousscientistshavethequalitiesofbeingbothcarefulandcareless.A.StrangelyenoughB.EnoughstrangelyC.StrangeenoughD.Enoughstrange37.Ihaveworkedwithhimforsometimeandhavefoundthatheis_______thanJohn.A.moreefficientlyaworkerB.amoreefficientworkerC.moreanefficientworkerD.aworkermoreefficiently38.This__________girlisLind’scousin.A.prettylittleSpanishB.SpanishlittleprettyC.SpanishprettylittleD.littleprettySpanish39.---HaveyoubeentoNewZealand?---No.I’dliketo,________.A.tooB.thoughC.yetD.either40.Mr.Smithowns______collectionofcoinsthananyoneelseIhaveevermet.A.largerB.alargerC.thelargerD.alarge41.---______thathemanagedtogettheinformation?---Oh,afriendofhishelpedhim.A.WherewasitB.WhatwasitC.HowwasitD.Whywasit42.Johnisverylazy.Hefalls______behindinhisstudies.A.veryB.farC.moreD.still43.Tounderstandthegrammarofthesentence,youmustbreakitintoparts.A．downB．upC．offD．out44.Whatatable!I’veneverseensuchathingbefore.Itisitislong.A．halfnotaswideasB．widenotashalfasC．nothalfaswideasD．aswideasnothalf45.---HowiseverythinggoingonwithyouinEurope?---Quitewell.NotsosmoothlyasIhoped,_________.A.thoughB.insteadC.eitherD.too46.Davidhaswonthefirstprizeinsinging;heisstillveryexcitednowandfeels________desiretogotobed.(05江苏卷)A.themostB.moreC.worseD.theleast47.－Isyourheadachegetting_____________?－No,it’sworse.A．betterB．badC．lessD．well48.—MustIturnoffthegasaftercooking?—Ofcourse.Youcanneverbecarefulwiththat.A．enoughB．tooC．soD．very49.Therewassuchlongqueueforcoffeeattheintervalthatwe________gaveup.A.eventuallyB.unfortunatelyC.generouslyD.purposefully50.Attimes,worryingisanormal,________responsetoadifficulteventorsituation---alovedonebeinginjuredinanaccident,forexample.A.effectiveB.individualC.inevitableD.unfavorable51.Mymotheralwaysgetsabit_________ifwedon’tarrivewhenwesaywewill.A．anxiousB．ashamedC．weakD．patient52.Bobranthe100metersin9.91seconds,andIhavenotseen______thisyear.A．thebestB．betterC．themostD．more53.Ifitisquite_______toyou,IwillvisityounextTuesday.A.convenientB.fairC.easyD.comfortable54.Johnisthetallestboyintheclass,_______accordingtohimself.A.fivefooteightastallasB.astallasfivefooteightC.asfivefooteighttallasD.astallfivefooteightasCDDABDBADADCAADBBAAADDDBDBCBCADBBDBABADBDBACADABACABAB
12数词一.基数词:表示数目的数词1.两位数:几十和个位数之间加连词号,如:twenty-three,forty-seven,ninety-six2.三位数的读法:第一个数字+hundred+and+后面的一位或两位数字,如:101读作onehundredandone,864读作eighthundredandsixty-four3.四位数和四位以上数字的读法:阿拉伯数字每三位为一段,从后往前用逗号分开,每个逗号处所用的数词分别为:thousand,million,billion,如:21,634,755读作twenty-onemillionsixhundredandthirty-fourthousandsevenhundredandfifty-five.注意:读这样的数时,只在hundred一词后加and4.hundred,thousand,million,billion表示具体数目时都不用复数形式,但它们的复数形式可以用于一些词组中,如:hundredsof,thousandsof,millionsof,billionsof.5.数词dozen,score的用法与hundred,thousand等相同二.序数词:表示数目顺序的词1.序数词一般是由基数词加th构成,序数词前一定要加the,如:theseventh,thethirteenth,theonehundredth2.以y结尾的基数词构成序数词时,先把y变为i,再加eth,如:thetwentieth,thefortieth,thefiftieth,theeightieth3.大于二十的基数词对应的序数词,只将末位数变为序数词,前面的其他位数仍用基数词,如:第532读作fivehundredandthirty-second4.不规则的序数词如下:thefirst,thesecond,thethird,thefifth,theeighth,theninth,thetwelfth三.数词的用法:1.编号的事物可用序数词或基数词加名词构成,如:thefourthlesson=lessonfour,thefifteenthpage=pagefifteen,theninthpart=partnine2.编号的事物若数字较大,一般用基数词放在名词后面来表示,名词前一般不用定冠词,如:room302,page215,No.101middleschool3.在表示年月日时,年用基数词,日用序数词,年的读法是,从后往前,将年份分成两位一段,依次读出每一段即可,如:April5,1976读作April(the)fifth,nineteenseventy-six;October1,1949读作Octoberthefirst,nineteenforty-nine;年份1905读作nineteenhundredandfive;年份1800读作eighteenhundred;年份2000读作yeartwothousand;年份502B.C.读作fiveotwoBC;年份A.D.620读作sixtwentyAD4.表示时间时用基数词:①.表示几点整的说法:Itisfive(o’clock)②.表示几点过几分的说法:若不超过30分钟,用past表示过几分;若超过30分钟,用to表示差多少分到几点,如:3:05=fivepastthree,5:20=twentypastfive;8:35=twenty-fivetonine;12:50=tentoone③.表示几刻钟的说法,如:aquarter,threequarters④.表示上午,下午某时间,如:8:00a.m.,4:15p.m.⑤.时刻也用24小时制读法,只须依次读出点钟数和分钟数,整点钟时,需在最后加读hundred(hours),如:18:45读作eighteenforty-five,18:00读作eighteenhundred(hours),以上提到的3:05,5:20,8:35分别也可读作threefive,fivetwenty,eightthirty-five5.表示加减乘除的说法:数学运算的加减乘分别用plus,minus,times,dividedby表示a.Howmuchisfifteenplustwo?b.Howmuchiseightminusseven?c.Howmuchistwelvetimestwelve?d.Howmuchiseighty-onedividedbynine?e.Fiveplusthreeis/equalseight.f.Fiveminusthreeequals/leavestwo.g.Fivetimesthreemakes/isfifteen.h.Fifteendividedbythreeequalsfive.十五除以三等于五6.表示倍数的说法:a.Thisroomisthreetimesbiggerthanthatone.b.Thedictionaryisfourtimesthickerthanthatbook.c.Theearthis49timesthesizeofthemoon.7.表示百分比的说法:基数词+percent8.有些基数词可以构成固定词组,如:onebyone,twosandthrees三三两两9.基数词可以与度量单位连用:twentymetersdeep,tenmeterslong,onehundredyards10.分数的表示法:分子用基数词,分母用序数词,若分子大于1,则分母用序数词的复数形式,如:onethird,twotenths,twothirds.有些分数可以用half,quarter表示,如:threequarters11.小数:小数点读作point,小数点前面的数字读作一个完整的基数词,小数点后面的每位数字依次用基数词读出,如:3.4读作threepointfour,0.2读作zeropointtwo,8.97读作eightpointnineseven12.某些数字的读法与写法,如:$10.20读作tendollarsandtwentycents;35Ｏ读作thirty-fivedegree;-20Ｏ读作twentydegreebelowzero或minustwentydegree;NapoleonIII读作Napoleonthethird;WorldWarII读作WorldWartwo或thesecondworldwar.13.年龄的表示方法:a.Theboyistenyearsold.b.Theboyisattheageoften.c.Heisaten-year-oldboy.d.Theboyisoftenyears.14.inone’s+整十数的复数形式,表示“在某人几十多岁的时候”,如:a.Hebecamefamousinhisthirties.15.inthe1930s/1930’s表示“在二十世纪三十年代”16.序数词前一般要用the,但表示“又一,再一”的概念时,序数词前也可以用a/ana.Theyplantobuyasecondhouse.他们计划再买第二房子
131.----Haveyouseen_______workerspassby?----Yes，I``veseen_______them.A.woman;hundredsofB.women;hundredsofC.woman;twohundredofD.women;hundreds2.Havingdonethreeexperimentswithoutrest，theywere______outtogoonwith______one.A.sotired;afourthB.sotiring;thefourthC.toogiven;thefourthD.tooworn;afourth3.Two_____yearsagohelivedintheUnitedStares.A.dozenB.dozensC.dozenofD.dozensof4.Hainanis_____island.A.China``ssecondlargestB.theChina``ssecondlargestC.thesecondChina``slargestD.China``sthesecondlargest5.Inher______shebegantotakeupwriting.A.fortiesB.fourtiesC.fortiethDfourtieth6._______summerOlympicswasheldinBarcelonainSpainA.TheTwenty-fourB.Twenty-fourC.TheTwenty-forthD.Twenty-fourth7.TheSaoPaulofirebrokeout_________February4th，1974.A.inB.onC.atD.for8.----Howmanynewjobscanyougivetothepeoplehere?----Three______and______.A.hundred;eighty-sixB.hundreds;eighty-sixC.hundred;eighty-sixthD.hundreds;eighty-sixth9.----Whattimedidfinishyourhomeworkyesterday?----_______seveno``clock_____theafternoon.A.On；inB.At；onC.At；inC.On；at10.“Pleaseturnto_________andlookatthetext.”A.Page29B.thepage29C.apage29D.29page11.Helivesin_______.A.Room512B.512RoomC.the512RoomD.theRoom51212.----Howlongisthebridge?----700__________.A.meterlongB.meterslongC.meterlongerD.meterslonger13.Afteralongwalkwehad_________rest.A.afewminute``sB.afewminutes``C.fewminute``sD.fewminutes``14.Themeetinghasfinallybegunafter______.A.twohourslaterB.twohoursofabsenceC.twohours``delayD.adelayoftwohours15.______oftheriversherehavebeenpolluted.A.Two-thirdB.Two-thirdsC.Two-threeD.Second-third16.TheSecondWorldWarbrokeoutin_______.A.1930``sB.the1930esC.The1930``sD.1930s17.Thereare_____ofvisitorsintheexhibitioneveryweek.A.tensofthousandsB.abouttenofthousandsC.aboutthreethousandsD.aboutthreethousand18.----Whattimeisitnow?-----It``s_______.A.aquarterpasthalfB.foureighteenC.fivepastforty-twoD.forty-twotofive19.Igottothestation_______thanJohn.A.fiveminuteslaterB.fiveminuteslateC.laterfiveminutesD.latefiveminutes20.Two_____yearsagohelivedintheUnitedStares.A.dozenB.dozensC.dozenofD.dozensof答案：1.B2.D3.A4.A5.A6.C7.B8.A9.C10.A11.A12.B13.B14.D15.B16.C17.A18.B19.AOneday,apoorboywhowastryingtopayhiswaythroughschoolbysellinggoodsdoortodoorfoundthatheonlyhadonedimeleft.Hewashungrysohedecidedto21amealatthenexthouse.However,helosthis22whenalovelyyoungwomanopenedthedoor.Insteadofamealheaskedforadrinkofwater.Shethoughthelooked23soshebroughthimalargeglassofmilk.Hedrankitslowly,andthenasked,“HowmuchdoIoweyou?”“Youdon’toweme24,”shereplied.“Motherhastaughtmenevertoaccept25forakindness.”Hesaid,“ThenI26youfromthebottomofmyheart.”AsHowardKellyleftthathouse,henotonlyfeltstronger27,butitalsoincreasedhisfaithinGodandhumanrace.Hewasabouttogiveupand28beforethispoint.29latertheyoungwomanbecamecritically30.Thelocaldoctorswerebaffled.Theyfinallysenthertothebigcity,wherespecialistscanbe31tostudyherraredisease.Dr.HowardKelly,now32,wascalledinfortheconsultation.Whenhe33thenameofthetownshecamefrom,astrangelight34hiseyes.Immediately,heroseandwentdownthroughthehospitalhallintoherroom.He35heratonceanddeterminedtodohisbesttosaveherlife.Formthatdayon,hegavespecialattentiontoher36.Afteralongstruggle,thebattlewas37Dr.Kellyrequestedthebusinessoffice38thefinalbilltohimforapproval.Helookedatitandthenwrotesomethingontheside.Thebillwassenttoherroom.Shewasafraidtoopenitbecauseshewassurethatitwouldtaketherestofherlifeto39.Finallyshelooked,andthenoteonthesideofthebill40herattention.Shereadthesewords…“Paidinfullwithaglassofmilk.”(Signed)Dr.HowardKellyTearsofjoyfloodedhereyesassheprayedsilently.“Thankyou,God.Yourlovehasspreadtroughhumanhearts
14andhands.”21．A．careforB．begforC．wishforD．hopefor22．A．nerveB．heartC．wayD．meal23．A．madB．politeC．coldD．hungry24．A．anythingB．everythingC．nothingD．something25．A．giftB．presentC．payD．milk26．A．oweB．thankC．praiseD．appreciate27．A．physicallyB．carefullyC．emotionallyD．spiritually28．A．leaveB．workC．stayD．quit29．A．MonthsB．CenturiesC．YearsD．Weeks30．A．madB．richC．hadD．ill31．A．sentinB．leftforC．calledforD．calledin32．A．welloffB．handsomeC．skilledD．famous33．A．listenedtoB．heardC．heardofD．heardfrom34．A．filledB．blankedC．blockedD．hit35．A．knewB．sawC．recognizedD．realized36．A．healthB．caseC．beatenD．lost37．A．wonB．defeatedC．beatenD．lost38．A．passedB．passesC．topassingD．pass39．A．payforitB．payitoffC．answerofitD．seeitoff40．A．paidB．gaveC．tookD．caught定冠词的用法1，特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。反过来说，如不是指特定的某个或某些人或东西，就不宜加定冠词，或需加a,some,afewGivemethebook.(特指）Givemeabook(泛指）2，指谈话双方都知道的人或事物。如，Whereistheteacher.3，指上文提过的人或事物，常可用定冠词。Thereisabookonthedesk.Thebookishis.4，用在序数词和形容词最高级前。5,乐器名称头上戴。Mikeisplayingthepiano.Sheisgoodatplayingtheviolin.6，用在世界上独一无二的事物前。如，Theearth,themoon,thesun,theworld,theglobe,theskytheuniverse,.但如果,sun,moon,sky,...前有描绘性定语，有时也可加不定冠词。Itwasadismalwinternight.Apalemoonhunglowinthesky.7，用在由普通名词组成的专有名词前面。TheUnitedstatestheGreatWallthePeople’sRepublicofChina8，用在一些习惯用语地理句中：intheday,inthemorning,thedayaftertomorrow,thedaybeforeyesterday.thenextmorning,bythewaytheIndianoceantheYellowRivertheUralmountains9，The＋形容词或分词，表示类别或抽象概念，是一种类指用法,therich,thepoor,thedeadThesickhavebeencured.Thelosthavebeenfound.10，定冠词还可和一可数名词单数连用，代表一类人或东西。ThecompasswasinventedinChina.InmanyplacesinChina,___bicycleisstill___popularmeansoftransportation.A.a;theB./;aC.the;aD.the;the11，用在抓打人体某部位名词前pat/strike/hitsb.onthehead/nose/shoulder/back….take/catch/seize/sbbythearm/hand/collar/sleeve12,用在世纪逢十的年代inthe1970s/inthe1970’s13，表示“一家人”或“夫妇”—Couldyoutellmethewayto____Johnsons,please?—Sorry,wedon’thave____Johnsonhereinthevillage.A.the;theB.the;aC./;theD.the;/14.用于表示度量单位的名词前Ihiredthecarbythehour.巧记：特指某（些）人或某物，彼此双方都明白；前面提过人或事，序数词前紧紧挨；
15形容词的最高级，乐器名称头上戴：独一无二宇宙间，普名组成专名来：习惯用语地理句，巧学妙用记得快。不定冠词的用法1，用于可数名词的单数形式前，泛指人或物，或指一种类，这是它的基本用法。I’maboy.Ateacherteachesstudents.Passmeapencil,please.2，表示某人或某物，但不具体说明何人何物，“某一”如：Aboyiswaitingforyou.Heborrowedastorybookfromthelibrary.3，和时间或度量衡名词连用，表示“每一”threemealsadayfiveyuanametrehedrivesthecarat90milesanhour.4，表示“同一”的意思。Thepeopleandarmyareofafamily.Theseshoesareallofasize.5，指某一类人或事物中的任何一个“任一”。Astudentmuststudyhard.Evenachildcananswerthisquestion.6,表示“一”的数量，但数的概念没one强烈。Itisafootlong,aninchthick.Hewillbebackinadayortwo.Thisisausefulbook.7.用于抽象名词具体化的名词前success(抽象名词)→asuccess(具体化)成功的人或事afailure失败的人或事ashame带来耻辱的人或事apity可惜或遗憾的事amust必需必备的事agoodknowledgeof精通掌握某一方面的知识8.用于quite,rather,many,half,what,such之后Thisroomisratherabigone.9.用于人名前，表示不认识此人或与某名人有类似性质的人或事—Hello,couldIspeaktoMr.Smith?—Sorry,wrongnumber.Thereisn"t______Mr.Smithhere.A.不填B.aC.theD.oneThatboyisratheraLeiFeng.（活雷锋）10，用于某些固定词组中。如：abit,afew,alittle,alotof,apieceof.acupof,aglassofhaveagoodtimeasamatteroffact不用冠词的情况1，在专有名词和不可数名词前，抽象名词前。China,GradeTwo,ClassThree2，名词前已有作定语用的，this,that,my,your,some,any等代词。如：Thisletterisinherbasket.3，复数名词表示一类人或事物时。Myfatherandmotherareteachers.Shelikesreadingstories.4，在节日、星期、月份、季节前。如TodayisNewYear’sDay.March8isWomen’sDay.但如被一个限制性定语修饰或表示一段特定的时间，它前面就得加定冠词，如：ShecametoPekingintheautumnof1964.Wheredoyouplantospendthesummer?在个别情况下，前面加不定冠词的情形也是有的，这时要表示“某一个”或“一种”概念，ThishappenedonaSundaytowardstheendofJune.Wehadaterriblyhotsummerthisyear.5，在职务、头衔、称呼前。如：What’sthematter,Granny?ThisisComradeWang.6，一日三餐、球类、娱乐、学科语言名词前。如：Hegoestoschoolafterbreakfast.Wearegoingtoplayfootball.speakFrenchplaycards/chess但在特指某顿饭时，也可加定冠词。Howdidyoulikethedinnertheygave?7，基数词与名词连用时也常不用冠词。Rome304LessonNine8，当work,bed,table,prison,school,college,hospital等作笼统概念时前不用冠词，作具体的念义时须用冠词。9，在并列的两个名词前，冠词有时省去。Weshouldgraduallyeliminatethedifferencesbetweentownandcountry.Whenhostandguestappeared,theyreceivedastandingreception.10,当man表示人类及manwoman用以代表全体时Manisstrongerthanwoman.11，在新闻标题，提纲，剧本提示，书名前冠词常省略。HistoryofChinaBeforetheChinDynasty难点之一：不可数名词前加冠词的用法。不可数名词前加不定冠词，使抽象名词具体化。It’sbeenapleasuretotalktoyou.Thevisitwasagreatsuccess.Helivedasimplelife.Wehadagoodtimeatthepartyyesterday.Oh,John.____yougaveus!A.Howapleasantsurprise.B.HowpleasantsurpriseC.WhatapleasantsurpriseD.Whatpleasantsurprise另外，在表示“一件，一场，一份，一阵“等意时，也可加不定冠词。在表示“特指”，特别是有定语修饰时，要加定冠词。如：It’sawonderfultea.Itwasajustwar.Whataheavyrain!Iwantanicedcoffee.
16Ilikethemusicofthisfilm.Isthewaterinthewellfittodrink?难点之二：单数名词前加不定冠词或定冠词表类别时的区别。AlexanderGrahamBellinvented____telephonein1976.A./B.aC.theD.oneCThecompasswasinventedinChinafourthousandyears.这两例，均在发明物的单数名词前加冠词，这是因为用定冠词表类别指的是“整个类属总的特点”，着眼于“全体”。不定冠词，则表示“类属任何一个都具有类属的特点”，着眼于“个体”。显然这两例中，均换用不定冠词，势必给人造成“Bell只发明了一部电话，中国只发明了一枚指南针“的误解。抽象名词前冠词的用法一，通常不加冠词：即使前面有一描绘性定语，也多不加冠词：Politicalworkisthelife-bloodofalleconomicwork.二，当一个抽象名词，不是用于一般概念，而是表示一特定内容，特别是当它有一限制性定语修饰时，常加定冠词Whatdoyouthinkofthework?Hestudiesthescienceofsound.这时关键看是特指还是泛指，特指加定冠词，泛指加不定冠词。Whatdoyouthinkofthemusic?你觉得这音乐怎样？Shehasapassionformusic.她酷爱音乐。所谓限制性定语是指那些使名词代表特定的人或东西的定语，如它引起的定语，加thethehistoryofChina.(比较：Chinesehistory)其它定语（介词短语，从句等）可以是限制的，也可是描绘性的。限制性定语描绘性定语thepictureonpage2apicturebyapeasantthebookyouwantabookwemustread描绘性定语使名词代表某一类东西（或这类东西中的一个）三，抽象名词在一定的情况下可以加不定冠词.1）表示“一种”“一场”OurstrugglewiththeGangofFourwasaclassstruggle.一场阶级斗争2）表示某种动作的一例，一次，一番等。Let’smakeananalysisofit.作一番分析吧。3）表示引起某种情绪的事：Itisapleasure.Hewasadisappointmenttothem.4)指表示某一品质的具体行动、人或东西。如：Hedidmeagreatkindness.Theget-togetherwasagreatsuccess.Beforeliberation,fruitwasaluxury.(注意：只有部分抽象名词在一定的情况下可用来表示较具体的东西。)专有名词前冠词的用法：除了一些特殊情况，专有名词前一般不加冠词，如：人名：Lushun,PremierChouCommanderWu地名：Shaoshan其他：JanuarySaturdayGermanChina即使有定语修饰，前面一般也不加冠词：ModernEnglish但下面这些地理名词前必须加定冠词江河海洋theYangtzethePacific山脉群岛theTien-shanMountainsThealps海峡海湾theEnglishChannelthePersianGulf由普通名词和另外一些词构成的专有名词前多数要加定冠词：1）某些国名：thePeople’sRepublicofChina2）某些组织机构：theUnitedNationstheNationalPeople’sCongress3）某些建筑物：theGreatHallofthePeopletheMilitaryMuseum4）报纸，会议，条约等的名称：thePeople’sDailythe11thPartyCongress这类专有名词以下除外：街名：NankingRoad广场名：TienAnMenSquare公园名：PeihaiPark大学名：TsinghuaUniversity(但thePekingInstituteofForeignLanguages)节日名：theNationalDaytheSpringFestivaltheMidAutumnFestival在个别情况下，地名或人名前也可加定冠词：1）用一姓氏的复数形式表示一家人。Theliusliveupstairs.2）有一限制性定语修饰，使这名词有特殊意义。HowdifferentistheimpressionproducedbythePekingoftoday!3）有一描绘定语修饰，表示赞颂或说明一时的特点。ThetheorywasadvancedbythegreatLenin.这一理论是伟大列宁提出来的。It句型总结1．Itis+被强调部分+that...该句型是强调句型。将被强调的部分放在前面，其它部分置于that之后。被强调部分可以是主语，宾语，表语
17或状语。强调的主语如果是人，that可以由who换用。如果把这种句型结构划掉后，应该是一个完整无缺的句子。这也是判断强调句型与其它从句的方法。Itwasabout600yearsagothatthefirstclockwithafaceandanhourhandwasmade.Itwastheythat(who)cleanedtheclassroomyesterday.ItwasinthestreetthatImetherfather.2．Itisnotuntil+被强调部分+that...型也是强调句型。主要用于强凋时间状语，译成汉语＂直到．．才．．．＂，可以说是not...until...的强调形式。ItwasnotuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesthatIrealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.=NotuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesdidIrealizeshewasafamousfilmstar.=Ididn’trealizeshewasafamousfilmstaruntilshetookoffherdarkglasses.3．Itisclear(obvious,true,possible,certain....)that.....该句型中it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句，常译为＂清楚（显然，真的，肯定．．．）＂是主语从句最常见的一种结构。Itisveryclearthathe’sroundandtalllikeatree.=Thathe’sroundandtalllikeatreeisveryclear.4．Itisimportant(necessary,right,strange,natural...)that...该句型和上一个同属一个句型。由于主句中的形容词不同，that后的从句中要用虚拟语气（should+动词原形），should可以省去。建议记住该句型中的形容词。Itisimportantthatwe(should)learnEnglishwell.Itisnecessarythathe(should)rememberthesewords.5．Itissaid(reported,learned....)that...该句型中的it仍是形式主语，真正主语是that引导的主语从句。该结构常译为＂据说（据报道，据悉．．．）＂。ItissaidthathehascometoBeijing.Itisreportedthatanotherearthsatellitehasbeenputintoorbit.6．Itissuggested(ordered...)that...该句型和上一个同属一个句型。主句中的过去分词是表示请求，建议，命令等词时，that后的从句要用虚拟语气（should+动词原形），should可以省。常译为＂据建议；有命令．．．）Itissuggestedthatthemeeting(should)beputoff.Itwasorderedthatwe(should)arrivethereintwohours.7．Itisapity(ashame...)that...该句型中，that后的从句一般用虚拟语气（should+动词原形），should可省去．表示出乎意料，常译为＂竟然＂。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。Itisapitythatsuchathing(should)happeninyourclass.这种事竟然发生在你们班上，真是遗憾！Itisapitythatheisill.他生病了，真遗憾！8．Itistime(abouttime,hightime)that...该句型中that后的从句应该用虚拟语气，值得注意的是①常用过去时态表示虚拟．②有时也用should+动词原形，should不能省。常译为＂是（正是）…的时侯…＂Itistimethatchildrenshouldgotobed.=Itistimethatchildrenwenttobed.9．Itisthefirst(second...)timethat...该句型要和上一个句型区别开来。该句型中的that从句不用虚拟语气，而用完成时态。至于用什么完成时态，由主句的谓语动词的时态决定。如果是一般现在时，后面从句用现在完成时态；如果是一般过去时，后面从句则用过去完成时态。该结构中that可以省去；it有时用this替换．常译为＂是第一（二）．．．次．．．＂。ItisthefirsttimeIhavebeenhere.=ThisisthefirsttimeIhavebeenhere.10．Itis....since...该句型主要用作处理瞬间动词的完成时，又要和表示一段时间的时间状语连用的问题。主句中是时间作表语，其时态是现在时或完成时，since引导的从句通常是一般过去时态，而且是瞬间动词。如果主句是一般过去时，从句则用过去完成时。Itis(hasbeen)5yearssincehisfatherdied.11．Itis...when...该句型中的when引导的是一个时间状语从句，主句中的it指时间，表语由具体的时间充当。常译为＂当．．．的时候，是．．．＂。Itwas5o’clockwhenhecamehere.12．Itbe...before...该句型主句中的it指时间,主句中的时态常是一般将来时或过去时两种时态．主句中的表语多是long,notlong,3days,2weeks等表示时间段的词或短语。常译为＂….之后….＂。Itwas3daysbeforehewenttoBeijing.Itwillbenotlongbeforehefinisheshisjob.13．Ithappens(seems,looks,appears)that...该句型中it是形式主语，that引导的是主语从句，主句中的happen,seem等词是不及物动词．Ithappened(sohappened)thathemethisteacherinthestreet.碰巧Itseemsthathewillbebackinafewdays.14．Ittakessb....todosth.该句型中的不定式是真正的主语，it是形式主语，句型中的直接宾语是时间。常译为＂做…要花费某人…＂。IttookthousandsofpeoplemanyyearstobuildtheGreatWall.
1815．Itisnogood(use)doingsth.该句型中的真正主语是动名词短语，主句中的表语可以是nogood,(notanygood),nouse,(notanyuse)。ItisnogoodlearningEnglishwithoutspeakingEnglish.16．Itdoesn’tmatterwhether(if)...该句型中whether(if)引导的从句是真正主语，该句型常译为＂不论（是否）…没关系….。Itdoesn’tmatteriftheyareold.17．Itiskind(ofsb.)todosth.常见的有：bad,brave,careless,clever,cruel,foolish,good（好心的）,wise,wrong（错误的）等。这个句型可以改写为：sb.iskindtodosth.Itiskindofyoutosayso.=Youarekindtosayso.Itisnecessary(forsb.)todosth.常见的有：important,necessary,natural②easy,safe,common,normal,hard,unusual,,impossible,pleasant等。区别：如形容词修饰后面的逻辑主语就用of,如是修饰后面的不定式就用for18．Itlooks(seems)asif...该句型中it无意义。asif引导一个状语从句。常译为，＂看起来好象．．＂如果与事实不相符合，则用虚拟语气．Itlooksasifheisill.（真的病了）Itlooksasifhewereill.（没有生病）Itseemedasifheweredying.19．Wethinkitimportanttolearnaforeignlanguage.该句型中的it作形式宾语。Wethinkitourdutytocleanourclassroomeveryday.HefeltitimportantlearningEnglishwell.1.Itisoftensaidthat__________teachershave__________veryeasylife.A.不填；不填B.不填；aC.the,不填D.the,a2.Iknew______JohnLennon,butnot______famousone.A.不填；aB.a；theC.不填；theD.the；a3.Ican"trememberwhenexactlytheRobinsonsleft__city.Ionlyrememberitwas____Monday.A.the,theB.a,theC.a,aD.the,a4.OnMay5,2005,at________WorldTableTennisChampionship,KongLinghuiandWangHaowonthegoldmedalinmen"sdoubleswith________scoreof4:1.A.a;aB.不填;theC.a;不填D.the;a5.Ifyougrowupin______largefamily,youaremorelikelytodevelop____abilitytogetonwellwith______others.A./;an;theB.a;the;/C.the;an;theD.a;the;the6.Ifyougoby_________train,youcanhavequiteacomfortablejourney,butmakesureyouget__________fastone.A.the;theB.不填；aC.the;aD.不填；不填7.Mrs.Taylorhas_______8-year-olddaughterwhohas_______giftforpainting—shehaswontwonationalprizes.A.a;aB.an;theC.an;aD.the;a8.AfterdinnerhegaveMr.Richardson______rideto______CapitalAirport.A.the;aB.a;theC.不填;aD.不填;the9.Thisbooktells______lifestoryofJohnSmith,wholeft______schoolandworkedforanewspaperattheageof16.A.the;theB.a;theC.the;不填D.a;不填10.—Hello,couldIspeaktoMr.Smith?—Sorry,wrongnumber.Thereisn"t______Mr.Smithhere.A.不填B.aC.theD.one11.Iknowyoudon’tlike____musicverymuch.Butwhatdoyouthinkof_____musicinthefilmwesawyesterday?A./;/B.the;theC.the;/D./;the12.—Iknockedovermycoffeecup.Itwentrightover______keyboard.—Youshouldn’tputdrinksnear________computer.A.the;不填B.the;aC.a;不填D.a;a13.Everywheremanhascutdown___forestsinordertogrowcrops,ortouse___woodasfuelorasbuildingmaterial.A.the;theB.the;/C./；theD./；/14.Ofallreasonsformydecisiontobecomeauniversityprofessor,myfather’sadvicewasmostimportantone.A.the;aB.不填；aC.不填;theD.the;the15.Accordingto___WorldHealthOrganization,healthcareplansareneededinallbigcitiestoprevent__spreadofAIDS.A.the;不填B.the;theC.a;aD.不填;the16..In_____reviewof44studies,Americanresearchersfoundthatmenandwomenwhoatesixkeyfoodsdailycuttheriskof_____heartdiseaseby76%.
19A.a;theB.the;aC.a;不填D.不填;a17.Don’tworryifyoucan’tcometo_____party.—I’llsave_____cakeforyou.(+代词)A.the;someB.a;muchC.the;anyD.a;little18.Forhim____stageisjust___meansofmakingaliving.A.a;aB.the;aC.the;theD.a;the19.---Anexplosionatacoalminekilledatleast62workersandleftanother13missing.---Yes,_________newscameas________shocktousall.A.the;theB./;/C./;aD.the;a1BBDDB6BBBCB11DBCDB16CABDAnEnglishladywasfinallydecidedthatshereallyshould66_______learntodrive,Andaftermanyattempts,shepasther67_______drivingtestandtoldherhusbandthat，torelease，he68_______wasgoingtodrivehimovertoFranceforaholiday，But69_______thenaweekafterthetrip,shesuddenlyannouncedthat70_______theywouldn’ttaketheholiday.“Howdidyouchangeyour71_______mind?”heaskedherbysurprise.“Well，itisallbecause72_______ofthebusinessofdrivingonright.”Shesaid,“Ihave73______beenpracticingforthreeweeksnow，butIstillcouldn’t74______getusedtoit-infact,I’venearlykilledthreepeoples。”75______66.去掉finally前的was67.past→passed68.he→she69.√70.after→before71How→Why72.by→in73.right→theright74.couldn’t→can’t75.：peoples→people2011年重庆一中高2011级高三下期第二次高考模拟试题第二部分：知识运用（共两节,满分45分）第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。21.Themostimportantthingtokeepin______mindwhendealingwith______emergencyistostaycalm.A./;theB.the;anC.the;theD./;an22.—Honey,thisisapresentforyourbirthday.—Ah!Apairofshoes,awell-knownbrand—Nike!Ithinkitmust______comfortably.A.bewornB.bewearingC.havewornD.wear23.—Wehavenoodlesforsuppereveryday.Ilikenoodles,butIwanttotrysomethingdifferentthisafternoon.—______A.Let’sgo.B.Withpleasure.C.Likewhat?D.Sowhat?24.She’sgotthejobbecauseshehastheadvantage_______othersofknowingmanylanguages.A.overB.aboveC.againstD.beyond25.Therisinghousepricehasbecomethebiggest______oftheordinarypeopleinChinatoday.A.concernB.influenceC.figureD.loss26.Michaelknewhewouldcertainlyget______ifhewaslatehome.A.shoutingatB.shoutedatC.toshoutatD.tobeshoutedat27.“Ihavetogo,”shesaid,andwith______shehungupthephone.A.itB.thatC.whichD.what28.I’mgladtoseeyourhealth______aftertheoperation.A.pickingupB.settingupC.takingupD.gettingup29.—Mr.Wang,IgotzeroonAnsweringSheetOne.Couldyouhelpmecorrectit?—I’msorry,butit______bemarkedbythemachine.Markyourtestnumberwithapencil2Bnexttime.A.needB.willC.shallD.can30.—Whatimpressesyoumostaboutyourhometown?—Thestreet,thelengthofwhichisfourtimes______itwaseightyearsago．A．thatB．asC．thanD．what31.—Wheredothesebooks______?—Putthemback______theywere.A.go;whereB.lay;whereC.lie;towhereD.place;towhich
2032.Themeeting______over,Ifoundherseatedatthedeskand______tomusic.A.tobe;listenedB.was;listenedC.was;listeningD.being;listening33.—Hasn’tthethiefadmittedhiscrimebynow?—No,______questionedmanytimes.A.ifB.thoughC.unlessD.once34.ThispicturecalledupmymemoryofthatdaywhenI______himforthefirsttime.A.hadmetB.wasmeetingC.wouldmeetD.met35.Thechildtiptoed(翘起脚尖走)quietlytothebird.______intotheforestwhenhewasabouttocatchit.A.FlewitawayB.AwayflewitC.AwayitflewD.Flewawayit21-25DDCAA26-30BBACD31-35ADBDCYousaidinyourletterthatyouarealwaystryingtoimprove76.yourEnglish,andyourEnglishteacherdidn’tappeartoappreciate77.yourefforts.Soyoufeltdisappointingandlostthedesiretolearn78.English.Youknowwhyteachersarebusyandmaybeyourteacher79.isstrugglingtoprovidepersonalattentionwithallthestudents80.intheirclass.Inmyopinion,itisafactoflifethatsometimes81.people’shardworkwentunnoticed.Thoughitisnicetoreceive82.encouragementandsupport,partsofgrowingupislearningtobe83.motivatedandstudyindependent.Sokeeponworkinghard84.atyourEnglishbecauseyoustop,youaresuretofail.85.76.are→were77.and→but78.disappointing→disappointed79.去掉why/why→that80.with→for81.their→your82.went→goes83.parts→part84.independent→independently85.在because后加if句子结构及分类一、按使用目的可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。1）陈述句（DeclarativeSentences）：说明一个事实或陈述一种看法。Lighttravelsfasterthansound.光比声速度快。（说明事实）Thefilmisratherboring.这部电影很乏味。（说明看法）2）疑问句（InterrogativeSentences）：提出问题。有以下四种：a.一般疑问句（GeneralQuestions）：Canyoufinishtheworkintime?用来询问一件事或情况是否属实，回答时用yes或no,读时用升调（掌握八种时态的一般疑问句）b.特殊疑问句（WQuestions;HQuestions）：由特殊疑问词+一般疑问式构成Wheredoyoulive?Howdoyouknowthat?Whatwhichwhowhomwhose------whenwherewhyHowmany(much,often,soon,long,far)c.选择疑问句（AlternativeQuestions）：一般问句+or+省略的一般问句Doyouwantteaorcoffee?或：特殊问句+….or….?Whatwouldyoulike,teaorcoffee?d.反意疑问句（Tag-Questions）：一般原则：前肯后否或前否后肯注意否定词：no,seldom,none,never,few,hardly,little,nothing,nowhere等Hedoesn"tknowher,doeshe?他不认识她，对不对？Tomhardlyunderstandme,doeshe?3）祈使句（ImperativeSentences）：提出请求，建议或发出命令，例如：以动词原形开头，在动词原形之前加do(但只限于省略第二人称主语的句子)。Takethisseat.Becareful.(形容词前要加原形的be)否定结构：(在原形动词前加Don’t或never)Don"tmove.Don"tbenervous!别紧张！Neverbelateforclass.4）感叹句（ExclamatorySentences）：表示说话人惊奇、喜悦、愤怒等情绪，例如：
21感叹句通常有what,how引导，表示赞美、惊叹、喜悦、等感情。what修饰名词，how修饰形容词，副词Howcleveraboyheis!Whatacleverboyheis!Whatwonderfulideas(wehave)!Whatcoldweatheritis!Whatgoodnewsitis!多好的消息啊！二、句子按其结构可以分为以下三类：1）简单句（SimpleSentences）：只包含一个主谓结构句子叫简单句，例如：Sheisfondofcollectingstamps.她喜欢集邮。(主)(谓)2）并列句（CompoundSentences）：包含两个或两个以上主谓结构的句子叫并列句，句与句之间通常用并列连词或分号来连接，例如：Thefoodwasgood,buthehadlittleappetite.食物很精美，但他却没什么胃口。(主)(谓)(主)(谓)3）复合句（ComplexSentences）：一个简单句中的一个或多个成分由句子来充当，这个简单句就是主句，充当成分的句子就叫从句，充当什么成分就是什么从句。Thatweshallbelateiscertain.(主语从句)Thatiswhathemeant.（表语从句）Ihavenoideawhentheywillcomeback?(同位语从句)HetoldmethathehadbeentoParis.（宾语从句1）Iwonderwhentheywillturnup.（宾语从句2）Heaskedif(whether)IlikedEnglish.（宾语从句3）Themanwhoisstandingthereismyfriend.Thisisthebook(which)Iboughtyesterday.Doyouknowthereasonwhyheleftearly.（定语从句）I’llreturnitassoonasIcame.(状语从句)Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.(状语从句)I’llgowithyoutothecinemathisafternoonifI’mfree.(状语从句)简单句的基本句型英语中千变万化的句子归根结底都是由以下五种基本句型组合、扩展、变化而来的：1）主+动（SV）主谓结构例如：Iworkinthehospital.2）主+动+宾（SVO）主谓宾结构例如：ShestudiesEnglishhard.她努力学英语。3）主+动+宾+补（SVOC）复合宾语结构例如：Thenewsmadeussurprised.Isawhimplayingbasketballyesterday.YesterdayIhadmywatchrepaired.宾语和宾补是逻辑上的主谓关系，其间可以用be动词来连接而形成一新句且意思通顺。如；Weweresurprised.Hewasplayingbasketballyesterday.4）主+动+间宾+直宾（SVOiOd）双宾语结构例如：间宾为人，直宾为物Myfatherboughtmeabook..Yesterdayhisgrandfathertoldhimaninterestingstory.5）主+系动词+表（SVP）主系表结构例如：Johnisbusyatpresent.约翰忙。注意：常见系动词有：be表变化系动词：become,get,turn,grow,go等保持系词：keep,remain,stay感观系词：look,smell,taste,feel,sound,（这几个动词要用主动表被动）。及appear,seem,prove等形容词前的动词一定是系动词，能接形容词的动词就是系动词,系动词后为表语。句子的成分主语：动作的发出者，一般位于句首。由名词、代词或不定式、动名词等充当Hegetsupearlyeveryday.谓语：一般放在主语之后。由连系动词或行为动词充当。必须体现时态，语态。Theyalllookfine.Weworkhard.宾语：动作的承受者，一般放在谓语之后。由名词、代词或不定式、动名词等充当。Isawhimyesterday.表语：只能位于系动词之后，由名词、代词、形容词、介词短语、非谓语动词或从句充当。I’mready.定语：紧跟名词中心词前后。由形容词、代词、介词短语、非谓语动词或从句充当（可以译为“……的）”Thisisagreenjeep.Ihavesomethingtotellyou.Theboyintheroomismyclosefriend.状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句。由副词，不定式，分词、介词短语，非谓语或从句充当。(……地)IcanspeakEnglishwell.IcanspeakEnglishverywell.Youarequiteright.ShewillarriveinBeijingonMonday.Hestoppedtohavealook.注意：介词不能单独用，要和后面的名词、代词、动名词一起构成介词短语Heisintheclassroom.副词只能单用，它多作状语修饰动词、形容词或副词。Heisinnow.形容词作表语（位于系动词后）或定语（位于名词前）--修饰名词的是形容词。副词作状语，修饰动词—修饰动词的是副词。
22Sherunsfast.Shelikesfastfood.Thekitefliesveryhigh.TherearemanyhighmountaininChina,oneofwhichisTaishan.动词分为：行为动词，系动词，情态动词，助动词行为动词分为：及物动词vt（接宾语的动词），不及物动词vi（不接宾语的动词）翻译练习：（一）主谓结构（主语＋不及物动词）1.Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometowninthepasttenyears.2.Thingsofthatsortarehappeningallovertheworldeveryday.3TheMayFourthMovementbrokeoutinBeijingin1919.（二）主谓宾结构（主语＋及物动词＋宾语）1.Youmustfinishreadingthesebooksintwoweeks.2.Thatgentlemencanspeakthreelanguagesfluently.3.IreceivedaletterfrommypenfriendinAustralia.（三）主系表结构（主语＋系动词＋主语补语）1.Inwinter,thedaysareveryshort.2.Attheageoffifteenhebecameafamouspianist.3.ThisbookisaboutthehistoryoftheUnitedStates.（四）双宾语结构（主语＋及物动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语）1.Mr.JohnsontaughtusGermanlastyear.2.Grandmatoldmeaninterestingstorylastnight.3.Myfatherhasboughtmeanewbike.（五）复合宾语结构（主语＋及物动词＋宾语＋宾语补语）EverymorningwehearhimreadEnglishaloud.Shefoundhimaverycleverboy.HecaneasilymakehisclasslivelyandinterestingLastSundayIsawyououtwithyoursister.Tohersurprise,shefoundherselfinadifferentworldIwasabsent-mindedwhenIheardmynamecalledYesterdaymyteacher,Smithsawmanyprettygirlsplayingcardsintheclassroom.Shewassoangrythatshegavethemapunishment.Sheaskedthemtocleanourclassroomforaweek.Everydaytheygetupat6toarriveatschoolerarliertocleanourclassroom.Weallthankthemverymuch.说出下列短文各句中的句子成分：MynameisLiHua.IwasborninDalian,LiaoningprovinceinFebruary1977.Istartedschoolin1984whenIwasseven.IstudiedinGuangmingPrimarySchoolfrom1984to1990.AfterthatIwenttoNo.62MiddleSchoolofDalianandgraduatedthissummer.ThemainsubjectsIstudiedatschoolincludedChinese,maths,English,physics,chemistryandcomputer.IlikeEnglishandcomputerbestandIamverygoodatthem.LastyearIwonfirstprizeintheschoolcomputercompetition.InmysparetimeIenjoylisteningtopopularmusicandsometimesyoucanhearmesinghappily.Butmyteacheroftentellsmethatweshouldputourstudyinthefirstplace.DearMs.Smith,Iappreciateyourhelpverywell.Onthefirstdayof56.Camp,youcameuptomyselfwhileIwassittingalone.After57.That,youalwaysgavemespeciallyattentionandinspired58.tometojoininactivities.Asaresult,Igraduallygottoknow59.Theothercampers.Becausethehelpyougavemethatsummer,60.Mylifechanged.IgainedsomuchconfidencethatIgoback61.Toschoolasnewperson.Mygradesimproved.Ibecame62.Veryactivebutmadenewfriends.Today,Igotaletterthat63.SaidIhadbeenadmittingtoacollege.Iamproudofit.Ijust64.Wanttothankyouforhelpingmebecomingadifferentperson.65.1.It__________(rain)outside.You"dbetter_________(notgo)out.2.I__________(give)thebookbacktoyousoon.
233.Hewithhisfriendsusually____________(play)footballafterschool.4.How_________MissGao_________(come)toschooljustnow?5.Who________(teach)youEnglishlastterm?6._______they_________(go)skatingnextweek?No,they_______.7.Youneed_________(wear)warmclothesinwinter.8._______you_________(like)acupoftea?Yes,please.9."Stop_________(talk),classbeginsnow."Theteachersays.10.Don"tforget________(close)thewindowwhenyouleavetheroom.11.Asweallknow,light(travel)fasterthansound.12.Hehopeshe(win)thefirstprizeagaininthe2008OlympicGames.13.WangHaospends6hours(practice)(play)tabletenniseveryday.14.Itrainedheavilyyesterday,somyfather(drive)metoschool.15.Wealwayshaveagreattime(chat)witheachother.16.(take)abusismuchfasterthanwalking,17.Quiet!Thestudents(have)anEnglishclass.18.Couldyoutellmehow(get)tothehospital?19.Mymotherasksus(notwatch)toomuchTV.20.What______they__________(do)lastnight.2l.Becareful.Therearemanyinthisoldhouse.(mouse)22.Thankyousomuchfor_________(make)Englishfun.23.thatcoattome.I"mcold.(bring)24.Bequiet.You"retoo.(noise)25.Whatkindofpetalot?(bark)26.Oneofhisgood_________(quality)isworkinghard.27.Wehavealotofthingsatschool.(learn)28.Webrushourteethaday.(two)29.He_________(hard)atenothing.10.Thetortoiseiswalking.(slow)30.Theclevergirlcanworkouttheproblem______________(easy).156.much57.me58.special59.to60.of61.went62.a63.and64.dmitted65.BecomeManyyearsagomydadwasdiagnosed(诊断)withaterminalillness.Hewasunabletoworkat36job.Hewouldbefineforquiteawhile,butwouldthenfallsuddenly37andhavetobeadmittedtothehospital.Hewantedtodosomethingtokeephimself38,sohedecidedtovolunteeratthelocalchildren39.Mydadlovedkids.Hewouldtalktothemandplaywiththem.Sometimes,hewould40oneofhiskids.Incertaininstances,hewouldgive41tothesadparentsofthesechildren.Oneofhiskidswasagirlwhohadbeenadmittedwitha42diseasethatparalyzed(使…瘫痪)herfromtheneckdown.Idon’tknowthe43ofthedisease,butIdoknowthatitwasverysadforalittlegirl.Mydaddecidedtotrytohelpher.Hestarted44herinherroom,bringingpaints,brushesandpaper.Hestoodthepaperup45abacking,putthepaintbrushinhismouthandbegantopaint.Hedidn’tusehishandsatall.Onlyhis46wouldmove.Hewouldvisither47hecouldandpaintforher.Allthewhilehewouldtellher,“see,youcando48yousetyourmindto.”49,shebegantopaintusinghermouth,andsheandmydadbecamefriends.Soonafter,thelittlegirlwasdischarged(允许出院).Mydadalso50thechildrenhospitalforalittlewhilebecausehebecameill.Sometimelateraftermydadhadrecoveredand51towork,hewasatthevolunteercounteronedayand52thefrontdooropen.Incamethelittlegirlwhohadbeenparalyzed,butthistimeshewas53.Sheranstraighttomydadandhuggedhimreallytight.Shegavemydadapictureshehaddoneusingher54.Atthebottomitread,“thankyouforhelpingmewalk.”Sometimesloveismore55thandoctors,andmydad-whodiedjustafewmonthsafterthelittlegirlgavehimthepicture-lovedeverysinglechildinthathospital.36．A．animportantB．asteadyC．aneasyD．agood37．A．illB．behindC．asleepD．down38．A．wellB．wealthyC．busyD．healthy39．A．palaceB．hospitalC．centerD．park40．A．teachB．missC．loseD．treat41．A．speechB．comfortC．praiseD．help42．A．specialB．curiousC．strangeD．rare43．A．resultB．reasonC．nameD．course
2444．A．observingB．drawingC．paintingD．visiting45．A．withB．acrossC．againstD．over46．A．headB．neckC．fingersD．eyes47．A．withwhoeverB．wheneverC．asifD．assoonas48．A．everythingB．somethingC．anythingD．nothing49．A．BasicallyB．NaturallyC．EventuallyD．Suddenly50．A．leftB．enteredC．rushedtoD．stayedat51．A．stoppedB．returnedC．hesitatedD．refused52．A．pushedB．noticedC．observedD．kicked53．A．shoutingB．lyingC．walkingD．jumping54．A．handsB．pensC．paper高考资源网D．mind55．A．thankfulB．usefulC．thoughtfulD．powerful36—40：BACBC41—45：BDCDC46—50：ABCCA51—55：BBCAD定语从句在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词之后，对其先行词起限定作用；引导定语从句的引导词叫关系词，它一定要在从句中充当某种成分，否则就不是定语从句。ThisisTom.Tomgaveusatalkyesterday.----ThisisTomwho(that)gaveusatalkyesterday.引导定语从句的关系代词有：who,whom,whose,that,whichas在从句中充当主，宾或定语。引导定语从句的关系副词有：where,when,why在从句中充当状语。一、who,whom,whose引导的定语从句1.who在从句中作主语，不可省略，它所引导的定语从句所修饰的先行词必须是人。口语中也能作宾语。Thisisthedoctorwhocametoseeheryesterday.2.whom在从句中作宾语，它所引导的定语从句所修饰的先行词必须是人，可以省略。Theman(whom)yousawlastweekhasleftthetown.注意：在从句中作介词宾语时，介词一般可放在whom之前，也可放在原来的位置上。在含有介词的固定动词词组中介词只能放在原来的位置上。（同which,只有这两词有此用法）a)ThemanfromwhomIborrowedthebookisLiLei.=ThemanwhomIborrowedthebookfromisLiLei.(前句中的whom不可省略，后句中的whom可省略)b)Thegirlwhomheistakingcareofisill.(takecareof是固定词组)3.whose在从句中作定语，表示所属关系，其所修饰的先行词既可是人也可是物。Iknowthewomanwhosehusbandisadoctor.Helivesinthehousewhosewindowfacessouth二、that,which引导的定语从句这两个代词均指物，它们所引导的定语从句所修饰的先行词是物,通常情况下，它们可以互换。1.that,which在从句中作主语，不可省略。that,which在从句中作宾语，可以省略HeroisthefilmthatwasdirectedbyZhangYimou.Isthisthefilmwhichyoutalkedaboutlastweek?注意：关系代词在作介词宾语时，只能用which且不能省略。
25Thehouseinwhichheoncelivedisameeting-room.=Thehouse(which)heoncelivedinisameeting-room.2.关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词单数还是用复数应由先行词决定。ThemanwholivesdownstairsspeaksEnglishfluently.住在楼下的那个人英语说得很流利。ThestudentswhoareinGradeThreearegoingtoclimbthehilltomorrow.3.引导定语从句的关系代词that和which，在一般情况下，尽管可以互换使用，但在下列情况下，只能用that，而不用which：1).当先行词是不定代词或被它们修饰时，要用that，不用which，作宾语时可以省去。Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.Youcan"tbelieveanythingshesays.2).先行词被序数词或最高级或thelast修饰时。Thisisthefirsttextbook(that)Istudiedintheprimaryschool.Heisinthelastrowthatisnexttothewindow.Thatisthehighestbuilding(that)Ihaveeverseen.3).先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame等修饰时。Thisistheverynovel(that)youwanttoborrow.4).先行词既包含人又包含物时。Hetoldusmanyinterestingthingsandpersons(that)wehadneverheard.5).主句是以who,which引导的特殊疑问句时。Whoistheman(that)youspoketojustnow?Whichisthebookthatwasstolenbyhim?6).当关系代词在定语从句中用作表语时，通常用that：Chinaisnotthecountry(that)itwas.中国已不是过去的中国了。三、关系副词where,when,why引导的定语从句（在从句中作状语）1.where表示地点，它引导的定语从句修饰表地点的先行词。Thisisthevillagewherehewasborn.Thisisthevillage(that/which)hevisitedlastyear.2.when表示时间，它引导的定语从句修饰表时间的先行词。I’llneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheLeague.I’llneverforgettheday(that/which)wespenttogether.3.why表示原因，它引导的定语从句修饰表原因的先行词。Thereasonwhyhedidn’tcomeyesterdayisquiteclear.Thereasonthathegaveusisunbelievable.when指时间=in/at/on/duringwhichwhere指地点=in/at/from/whichwhy指原因=forwhich当先行词为way时，关系词用that/inwhich/-（不用），都可以。Idon’tlikethewaythat/inwhich/hetalks.但：Idon’tlikethewaythatisunacceptable.当time作先行词时，关系词可以省掉。ThisisthefirsttimeIhavegivenyoualessoninFrench.四、非限制性定语从句用逗号分开，修饰人，用who，whom或whose修饰物，用which不用that，有时可用as。五、As作关系代词的用法1,as用作关系代词时，它通常引导一个非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子，先行词不是一个词。（只有as,which有这用法）在从句中可作主语、宾语或表语。as可在主句之后，可以在主句之前。(定从只有as可位于句首)Asisannouncedinthenewspaper,ourcountryhassetupanotherman-madeearthsatellite.Sheisverycareful,asherworkshows.Thisproblemisdifficulttoworkout,asindeeditis.2,引导的定语从句放在主句后面时，一般可由which替换，当as引导的定语从句位于句首时，不能用which替换。Heisgoodatmaths,as(which)weknow.Asweknow,heisgoodatmaths.1当主句和从句语义一致时，用as；反之，用which来引导非限制性定语从句。Hemadealongspeech,asweexpected.Hemadealongspeech,whichwasunexpected.②当非限制定语从句为否定时，常用which引导。Tomdrinksaloteveryday,whichhiswifedoesn’tlikeatall.3,关系代词as还可以引导限制性定语从句，用于thesame,such，so之后，从句中作主语、宾语或表语。Ishouldliketousethesametextbookasisusedinyourschool.4,在thesame…as…，such…as结构中的as有时可用that替代，但句子的意思有所不同，用as指两件东西相似，用that指的就是那件东西。ThisisthesamepenasIusedyesterday.这和我昨天用的钢笔是相同的。ThisisthesamepenthatIusedyesterday.这就是我昨天用的钢笔。定语从句与同位语从句的区别。①定语从句引导词被称为关系词，that充当主语、宾语、表语。有时可省略。②同位语从句引导词被叫做连词，that不能充当任何成分，不可省。Thenewsthathefailedtheexamsurprisedus.Thenewsthathetoldmesurprisedus.六，分隔式定语从句定语从句有时不直接紧靠先行词，中间由一个定语、状语或谓语隔开。ThereisanexpressioninhiseyesthatIcan’tunderstand.
26定语从句易混点对比专练1.①Theman______shemarriedlastyearwasasoldier.A.whomB.towhomC.withwhomD.whose②Theman______shewasmarriedwasasoldier.A.whomB.towhomC.withwhomD.who2.①Theday______shespentwithuswasnevertobeforgotten.A./B.onwhichC.whenD.inwhich②Theday______sheplayedwithuswasnevertobeforgotten.A.thatB.whenC.whichD./3.①Isthisthefactory______youvisitedlastweekA.whereB.whichC.towhichD.inwhich②Isthisfactory______youvisitedlastweekA.thatBwhichCinwhichD.theone4.①Thehouse______windowfacessouthisforthedoctor.A.whichB.thatC.whoseD.ofwhich②Thehouse______facessouthisforthedoctor.A.whichB.whoseC.whoD.where5.①Shebroughtforwardaplan______wecouldn"tagree.A.thatB.whichC./D.towhich②Shebroughtforwardaplan______wecouldn"taccept.A./B.forwhichC.towhichD.ofwhich6.①Theinvention______shespent2yearswilldowelltotheworld.A.whichB./C.onwhichD.when②Theinvention______tookher2yearswilldowelltotheworld.A.whichB./C.onwhichD.it7.①TheEnglishsubject,______Idowell,isimportantinmiddleschools.A.whichB.thatC.inwhichD.atwhich②TheEnglishsubject,______Ihavemasteredwell,isimportantinmiddleschool.A.whichB.atwhichC.thatD.inwhich8.①Tom,______Iwenttotheconcert,isafriendofmine.A.whomB.whoC.withwhomD.whose②Tom,______bicycle1wenttotheconcert,isafriendofmine.A.whomB.whoC.whoseD.onwhose9.①Theplace______youvisitedduringyourholidaysiswhereIusedtobeforyears.A.whereB.whichC.inwhichD.towhich②Theplace_______youstayedfor3yearsiswhereanancientcityusedtobe.A.whereB.whichC.thatD.towhich10.①ShewillflytoWashington,______isthecapitaloftheU.S.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.inwhich②ShewillflytoWashington,______shecanenjoyherself.A.whereB.thatC.whichD./11.①Thestoryhappenedonaday______theweatherwaswetandcold.A.whenB.whichC.inwhichD.onwhen②Thestoryhappenedonaday______waswetandcold.A.thenB.onwhichC.whichD./12.①Thesunheatstheearth,______weallknow.A.thatB.whichC.asD.where②Thesunheatstheearth,______makesitpossibletogrowcrops.A.whichB.thatC.asD.where13.①Tom,______wehadexpected,gotthe1stplaceinthecompetition(比赛).A.asB.whichC.whomD.who②Tom,______wehadexpectedtohelpus,didn"tevenshowhisface.A.asB.whomC.thatD.which14.(1)Mr.Smithis_______agoodteacher_______weallrespect.(2)Mr.Smithis_______agoodteacher_______weallrespecthim.A.such,thatB.such,asC.so,thatD.so,as(3)Iwanttobuy_____book_____heboughtyesterday.A.thesame,thatB.thesame,asC.thesame,likeD.thesame,that(4)Heis_____teacher_____theheadmasterpraisedatthemeetinginpublic.A.thesame,thatB.thesame,asC.thesame,likeD.thesame,that1.Bynineo’clock,alltheOlympictorchbearershadreachedthetopofMountQomolangma,____appearedararerainbowsoon.A.ofwhichB.onwhichC.fromwhichD.abovewhich2.Thegrowingspeedofaplantisinfluencedbyanumberoffactors,_____arebeyondourcontrol.A．mostofthemB.mostofwhichC.mostofwhatD.mostofthat3.TheScienceMuseum,______wevisitedduringarecenttriptoBritain,isoneofLondon’stouristattractions.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.where4.Occasionsarequiterare______Ihavethetimetospendadaywithmykids.A.whoB.whichC.whyD.when5.Laterinthischaptercaseswillbeintroducedtoreaders__consumercomplaintshaveresultedinchangesinthelaw.A.whereB.whenC.whoD.which6.Theroadconditionsthereturnedouttobeverygood,___wasmorethanwecouldexpect.A.itB.whatC.whichD.that7.TomorrowisTom’sbirthday.Haveyougotanyidea_________thepartyistobeheld?A.whatB.whichC.thatD.where8.Themanpulledoutagoldwatch,_________weremadeofsmalldiamonds.
27A.thehandsofwhomB.whomthehandsofC.whichthehandsofD.thehandsofwhich9.Formanycitiesintheworld,thereisnoroomtospreadourfurther,_______NewYorkisanexample.A.forwhichB.inwhichC.ofwhichD.fromwhich10.Yesterdayshesoldhercar,______sheboughtamonthago.A.whomB.whereC.thatD.which11.TheywillflytoWashington,___theyplantostayfortwoorthreedays.A.whereB.thereC.whichD.when12.Wewentthroughaperiod___communicationswereverydifficultintheruralareas.A.whichB.whoseC.inwhichD.withwhich13.Theyoungmembermadeseveralproposals,andnoneof____consideredpracticaloracceptable．A．themB．whichC．itD．what1.AB2.AB3.BD4.CA5.DA6.CA7.CA8.CD9.BA10.CA11.AC12.CA13.AB14.BABA1DBADACDDCDACA把下列每对句子合并成含有定语从句的主从复合句：1.Thefanisonthedesk.Youwantit.2.Themanisinthenextroom.Hebroughtourtextbookshereyesterday.3.Themagazineismine.Hehastakenitaway.4.Thestudentswillnotpasstheexam.Theydon’tstudyhard.5.Thewomanisourgeographyteacher.Yousawherinthepark.6.Theletterisfrommysister.Ireceivedityesterday.7.Theboyismybrother.Hewashereaminuteago.8.Thetreeisquitetall.Heisclimbingit.Whenayoungmanstartstoearnhisownliving,hecannolongerexpectotherstopayhisfood,hisclothes,76.orhisroom,buthehastoworktillhewantstolive77.comfortable.Ifhespendsmostofhistimeplaying78.aboutinthewaythatheusedtoasachild,theywillgo79.hungry.Andifhebreaksthelawsofsocietythatheused80.tobreakthelawsofhisparents,hemaygototheprison.81.If,therefore,heworkshard,keepsoutoftroubleandhas82.betterhealth,hecanhavethegreathappinessofseeing83.himselftomakesteadyprogressinhisjobandof84.buildingupforhimselfhisownpositioninsociety.85.1.Thisisthetrain____wewenttoShanghai.A.bywhichB.bythatC.whoseD.where2.—HaveyoueverbeentoRome?—No,butthat"sthecity________.A.whereImostliketovisitB.I"dmostliketovisitC.whichIliketovisitmostD.whereI"dlikemosttovisit3.Isthisthemuseumyouvisitedtheotherday?A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.theone4.ThisistheveryfilmI"velongwishedtosee.A.whichB.thatC.whoD.whom5.Thereisnodifficultycan"tbeovercomeintheworld.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.what6.WhoisthepersonisstandingatthegateofBeijingTourismTower?A.whoB.thatC.whichD.whom7.Asateacher,Iseldomgivemystudentssodifficultaproblem______theycannotworkout.A.thatB.ifC.inorderthatD.as8.ThisisthelasttimeIshallcomeheretohelpyou.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.what9.Myneighborsusedtogivemeahandintimeoftrouble,wasverykindofthem.A.whoB.thatC.whichD.whom10.RecentlyIboughtanancientChinesevase,______wasveryreasonable.A.whichpriceB.thepriceofwhichC.itspriceD.thepriceofwhose11.That"sthehotellastyear.A.whichwestayedB.atthatwestayedC.WherewestayedatD.wherewestayed
2812.Thedoctordidalltosavethewoundedboy.A.whathecouldB.hecouldC.everythingwhichhecouldD.forwhichhecoulddo13.Anyonethisopinionmayspeakout.A.thatagainstsB.thatagainstC.whoisagainstD.whoareagainst14.Theplaceyouarestandingusedtobeanoldchurch.A.whichB.whereC.thatD.when15.You"vemadethesamemistakeyoumadelasttime.A.asB.likeC.whichD.that16.ItisnotsuchaninterestingmagazineIthought.A.asB.thatC.whichD.／17.youknow,heisafamousmusician.A.AsB.whichC.ThatD.／18.MrZhou,nativelanguagewasChinese,couldreadandwriteseveralforeignlanguages.A.whoseB.hisC.whichD.that19.ItookmyfriendtotheSummerPalace,wehadsomephotostaken.A.whereB.whichC.thatD.／20.DoyourememberthedayyoursisterwasgraduatedasaMasterofArts?A.whichB.onwhichC.aboutwhichD.／21.Thebus,wasalreadyfull,wassurroundedbyanangrycrowd.A.whichofmostB.mostofwhichC.whichofthemostD.mostofthat22.Weallrememberthedayswestudiedtogetheratschool.A.whichB.thatC.whenD.／23.Doyouknowthereasonhedidn"tcome?A.thatB.whichC.forD.why24.Heistheonlyoneofthethreegotthenewidea.A.whohaveB.whomhaveC.whohasD.whosehad25.I"moneofthestudentswellinEnglishinmyclass.A.whodoesB.whodoC.whichdoesD.whodid26．-Haveyoureadthebooks?-Yes,I’vereadallthebooks_____yougaveme.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.who27.Thisistheveryplace___theanti-Japanesesoldiersfoughtoversixtyyearsago.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.there28.Hehasfourdogs,thebiggest_____iscalled“Beibei”.A.thatB.aboutwhichC.ofwhichD.which1-5ABABA6-10BDACB11-15DBCBD16-20AAAAB21-25BCDCB26-30CCC76.pay后加for77.till→if78.comfortable→comfortably79.they→he80.that→as/like81.去掉the82.therefore→however83.better→good84.去掉to85.√名词性从句一、名词从句分为：主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、表语从句。我们看一下它们的属性。1)________madeallofussurprised.2)Hesaid________.3)Thefactis_______.4)Thenews_____surprisedme.我们在四个句子中可以填入thathepassedtheexam这个句子，发现都可成立。试比较：Thenewsthathetoldussurprisedme.二、引导词的分类：1．连接代词：what,who,whom,whose,which，whatever,whoever,whichever,这些词在从句中一定要充当成份作主、宾、表、定语等。连接副词：why,when,where,how在从句中充当状语，作时间、地点、原因、方式、程度状语。2).whether,if在从句中不充当成分，但整个句式中不可缺少，用以体现事件的不确定性。3）．that是名词从句中一个很活跃的词，但它只起连接作用，陈述某一事实，引导宾从时有时可省略。1)______hewillcometocallonisuncertain.2)_______hewillcometocallonusisuncertain.3)_____hewillcometocallonusmakesusunhappy.从第一句中我们可以看出主语从句本身并不完整，缺少callon的宾语，应加who;第二句中表语为uncertain,可知主语部分为未知信息，可加入when,why,how,whether等;第三句表一种已知事实，故应加入that。三、that在宾从中大多可以省略，在主、同位语、表从句中不可省去。但注意以下宾从中that不可省。IknownothingofhimexceptthatheisfromHenan.(介词后宾从中的that不可省)IknowhelivesinChongqinandthathehasbeenmarriedformanyyears,(第二个that不能省)四、What和that都可以引导名词性从句，但有区别：1．what引导名词从句时，它在从句中要充当句子成分（主语、宾语等），而that引导名词从句时，它在从句中不能充当句子成分。2．what引导名词从句时，它有词义（表示：什么；所…的[东西]）；而that引导名词从句时，它没有词义。What=allthat
29—Ithink____heneedsismorepractice．—Yes．____heneedsmorepracticeisclear．A．what，WhatB．that，ThatC．what，ThatD．that，What五、TheObjectClause(宾语从句)宾语从句是英语中用来充当宾语的句子。带有宾语从句的那个句子叫主句。宾语从句一般由“引导词+主语+谓语+其它”构成，其语序必须是陈述句语序。A)thatHesaysthathewantstospeaktotheheadmaster.B)if/whetherSheaskedmeif/whetherIcouldhelpherwithherEnglish.Note:只用whether的五种情况：1.在介词后I’mthinkingofwhetherweshouldgofishing.2.直接与ornot连用时Idon’tknowwhetherornottheywillcometohelpus.3.在动词discuss后面的宾语从句中Wediscussedwhetherwewouldhaveasportsmeetingnextweek.4.宾语从句提前时只能用whetherWhetherthisistrueornot,Ican’tsay.5．Pleaseletmeknowifyoulikeit.(这句有双重意思的，如果视为宾语从句，就应换为whether.否则就引起歧义。C)whatwhowhichhowwhenwhy等连接代词和连接副词语序必须是陈述句语序,不可省略。Doyouknowwhowillcomethisafternoon?(作主语)Didyouhearwhathesaid?（作宾语）Idon’tknowwhosethatis.（作表语）Couldyoutellmewhichgatewehavetogoto?（作gate的定语）Wedidn’tknowwhenshewouldcomeback.D）、宾语从句的时态主句中谓语动词是一般现在时，从句中谓语动词的时态不受限制，可根据具体情况选用适当的时态；主句谓语动词是一般过去时，从句中也必须要用某种过去时态，以保持时态的前后呼应。特别要注意的是当宾语从句表示的是客观真理、科学原理、自然现象、名言时，则用一般现在时，不受主句时态的限制Hesaidthathewantedtoseehimassoonaspossible.Tomsaysthatheismendinghiscar.Tomsaidthathewasmendinghiscar.Theteachertoldusthattheearthgoesroundthesun.名词性从句重点与难点：一、主语从句、宾语从句，常用it作形式主语，形式宾语；将从句放在句末Itdoesn’tmattersomuchwhetheryouwillcomeornot.ItisknowntousallthatLiningwillwinthegame.Hedidn’tmake______clearwhenandwherethemeetingwouldbeheld.二、that引导名词性从句的省略情况1、that引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时，不能省略。Thathesuddenlyfellilllastweekmadeussurprised.2、that引导宾语从句时一般可省略，但在以下几种情况中不能省略。1）当that从句和主句谓语动词之间有插入词语或者从句主语之间有插入语时不能省略；2）当that从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时不能省略；3）当that作介词宾语时不能省略。Hejudgedthat,becausehewasachild,hedidnotunderstandwineEveryoneknewwhathappenedandthatshewasworried.Thereasonliesinthatsheworksharderthantheothersdo.Shepromised______hehadenoughmoneyshewouldmarryhim.A.thatB.ifC.thatifD.ifthat三、名词性从句中的语序名词性从句中一律使用陈序语气。HeaskedhowmuchIpaidfortheviolin.四、名词性从句中的时态呼应在名词性从句中，谓语动词的时态要与主句谓语动词的时态相一致。Assoonashecomesback,I’lltellhimwhenyouwillcomeandseehim.Hekeptlookingather,wonderingwhetherhehadseenhersomewhere.CanyoumakesurewhereAlicehasputthegoldring?五、名词性从句中虚拟语气的使用情况1、在表示“命令、建议、坚持、要求”的名词性从句中，要用“should+动词原形”形式，should可以省略。Imadeasuggestionthathe(should)gothereatonce.Isuggestedthathe(should)gothereatonce.Thesuggestionwasthathe(should)gothereatonce.2、wish引导的宾语从句中要用虚拟语气，分与现在、过去、将来相反三种情况。IwishIweretenyearsyounger.Iwishyouhadpostedtheletteryesterday.IwishIwouldtryagain.3、在句型“It+is/was+adj.+主语从句”中，如果形容词是important,strange,natural,necessary等，从句谓语部分要用“should+动词原形”形式，should可以省略。Itisnecessarythathe(should)gothereatonce.六、引导同位语从句与定语从句的that的区别
30同位语从句中的连词that只起连接作用，不充当任何句子成分且不能省略，同位语从句一般放在有具体含义的名词后，用以解释名词的含义或内容；而定语从句中的关系代词that在从句中充当主语或宾语，在充当宾语时常可省略，定语从句是对先行词的限定和修饰。TheyexpressedthehopethattheywouldcometovisitChinaagain.ThehopesheexpressedisthattheywouldcometovisitChinaagain.七、引导名词性从句的that和what的区别that引导名词性从句时，在从句中不充当任何句子成分，也没有任何含义，只起连接作用,且在宾语从句中有时可省略；而what引导名词性从句时，在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语或定语。What=allthatThathesaidsomadeusangry.Whathesaidatthemeetingmadeusangry.Chinaisnolongerwhatitusedtobe.八、疑问词+ever和nomatter+疑问词的区别1、引导名词性从句，只能用疑问词+everWhoeverbreakstherulemustbepunished.2、引导让步状语从句,疑问词+ever与nomatter+疑问词都可用。Nomatterwhobreakstherule,hemustbepunished.Whoeverbreakstherule,hemustbepunished.Nomatterwhatyoudo,youmustdoitwell.Whateveryoudo,youmustdoitwell名词性从句练习1.______wasmostimportanttoher,shetoldme,washerfamily.A.ItB.ThisC.WhatD.As2.Thecompaniesareworkingtogethertocreate_____theyhopewillbethebestmeansoftransportinthe21stcentury.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.who3.Thelasttimewehadgreatfunwas______wewerevisitingtheWaterPark.A.whereB.howC.whenD.why4.Ashisbestfriend,Icanmakeaccurateguessesabout______hewilldoorthink.A.whatB.whichC.whomD.that5.Somechildrenwanttochallengethemselvesbylearningalanguagedifferentfrom______theirparentsspeakathome.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.one6.isknowntousallisthatthe2024OlympicGameswilltakeplaceinBeijing.A.ItB.WhatC.AsD.Which7.Whenasked______theyneededmost,thekidssaidtheywantedtofeelimportantandloved.A.whatB.whyC.whomD.which8.PeopleinChongqingareproudof_theyhaveachievedinthepasttenyears.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.how9.Studentsarealwaysinterestedinfindingout______theycangowithanewteacher.A.howfarB.howsoonC.howoftenD.howlong10.TomorrowisTom’sbirthday.Haveyougotanyideathepartyistobeheld?A.whatB.whichC.thatD.where11.Ithasbeenproved______eatingvegetablesinchildhoodhelpstoprotectyouagainstseriousillnessesinlaterlife.A.ifB.becauseC.whenD.that12.______wantstostayinahotelhastopaytheirownway.A.AnyoneB.TheoneC.WhoeverD.Who13.Thenews_____ourathleteswonanothergoldmedalwasreportedinyesterday"snewspaper.A.whichB.whetherC.whatD.that14.______wearesureaboutistheneedtopreventchildrenfrombeingspoiled.A.WhatB.WhichC.WhetherD.That15.CouldIspeakto______isinchargeofInternationalSales,please?A.anyoneB.someoneC.whoeverD.nomatterwho16.____mattersmostinlearningEnglishisenoughpractice.A.WhatB.WhyC.WhereD.Which17.Hedidn’tmake______clearwhenandwherethemeetingwouldbeheld.A.thisB.thatC.itD.these18.Theseasideheredrawsalotoftouristseverysummer.Warmsunshineandsoftsandsmake________itis.A.whatB.whichC.howD.where19.______hereferredtoinhisarticlewasunknowntothegeneralreader.A.ThatB.WhatC.WhetherD.Where
3120.Choosingtherightdictionarydependson______youwanttouseitfor.A.whatB.whyC.howD.whether21.Whynottryyourluckdowntown,Bob?That’s______thebestjobsare.A.whereB.whatC.whenD.why22.Itisnoneofyourbusinessotherpeoplethinkaboutyou.Believeyourself.A.howB.whatC.whichD.when23.Havingcheckedthedoorswereclosed,and______allthelightswereoff,theboyopenedthedoortohisbedroom.A.whyB.thatC.whenD.where24.Youcanonlybesureof____youhaveatpresent;youcannotbesureofsomething___youmightgetinthefuture.A.that;whatB.what;/C.which;thatD./;that25.parentssayanddohasalife-longeffectontheirchildren.A.ThatB.WhichC.WhatD.As26.Thetraditionalviewis______wesleepbecauseourbrainis“programmed”tomakeusdoso.A.whenB.whyC.whetherD.that27.Byimprovingreadingskills,youcanreadfasterandunderstandmoreof______youread.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.whether28.Withhisworkcompleted,thebusinessmansteppedbacktohisseat,feelingpleased_____hewasamanofaction.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whether29.Wehaven"tsettledthequestionof______________itisnecessaryforhimtostudyabroad.A.ifB.whereC.whetherD.that30._____makesthisshopdifferentisthatitoffersmorepersonalservices.A.WhatB.WhoC.WhateverD.Whoever31.Seetheflagsontopofthebuilding?Thatwas______wedidthismorning.A.whenB.whichC.whereD.what32.Pleaseremindme________hesaidhewasgoing.Imaybeintimetoseehimoff.A.whereB.whenC.howD.what33.---Whatdidyourparentsthinkaboutyourdecision?---Theyalwaysletmedo_______IthinkIshould.A.whenB.thatC.howD.what34.Enginesaretomachines_________heartsaretoanimals.A.asB.thatC.whatD.which35.Ijustwonder__________thatmakeshimsoexcited.A.whyitdoesB.whathedoesC.howitisD.whatitis36.Oneadvantageofplayingtheguitaris_________itcangiveyouagreatdealofpleasure.A.howB.whyC.thatD.when37.Hespokeproudlyofhispartinthegame,withoutmentioning________histeammateshaddone.A.whatB.whichC.whyD.while38.---It’sthirtyyearssincewelastmet.---ButIstillrememberthestory,believeitornot,______wegotlostonarainynight.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.when39.Thereismuchchance_______Billwillrecoverfromhisinjuryintimefortherace.A.thatB.whichC.untilD.if40.Nobodybelievedhisreasonforbeingabsentfromtheclass_____hehadtomeethisuncleattheairport.A.whyB.thatC.whereD.becauseGrowingUpisnoteasy.Sometimesallthatisneed76.issomeonetorelyon.Formanyyears,shewasMum77.Mymotherwasacareerwomanandhadherown78.problemstotakecare,butwhenIneededher,she79.wasalwaysthere.Herstrengthcamefromanywhere80.Idon"tquiteknow,somewhereverydeep.Shewassostrongthatshewouldneverbreakdown,evenwhileI81.wenttoherwithallmylittle-boyproblemsandshout82.ather.Herstrengthmademestrongerandgavetome83.couragetotrythingsthatotherthoughtwereimpossible.A84.helpinghandisalwaysstrongerenoughtoliftyouup.85.
32作文必背：Shouldstudentsmakefriendsonline?Somepeoplesayyes.Theinternethelpsmakemanyfriends.Chattingonline,studentscanmorefreelyexpresstheirfeelingsandopinions,andevengethelpwiththeirforeignlanguagestudies.Others,however,thinkstudentsshouldnot.Theysaymakingfriendsonlineisawasteoftime,whichshouldbespentmoremeaningfullyonstudy.Besides,somestudentsgetcheatedonline.Itismyopinionthatstudentsshouldplacetheirstudy,healthandsafetybeforeotherthings.Asforfriendship,wecanreadilyfinditinourclassmatesandotherpeoplearoundus.Dearfriends,Asweallknow,wearewhatweeat.Therefore,it’sveryimportantforustoformhealthyeatinghabits.However,badeatinghabitsarestillverycommonamongusstudents.Someofusoftengotoschoolwithoutbreakfast;someliketohavesnacks;someothersareparticularaboutfood;andstillsomeeatordrinktoomuch.Allthesebadhabitswillsurelydoharmtoourhealth.Tokeepfit,weshouldhavevarioushealthydiets,whichgenerallyincludeproperamountsoffish,meat,vegetables,fruitaswellasmainfood.Besides,we’dbetterhavemealsregularly.Inmyopinion,weshouldtrytodevelophealthyeatinghabitstobuildupastrongbody.Onlyinthiswaycanwehaveenoughenergytostudybetter.That’sall.Thankyou!1CCCAA6BACAD11DCDAC16ACABA21ABBBC26DBBCA31DBDCD36CABAB76.needed77.it78.√79.of80.somewhere81.when(though/if)82.shouted83.to.84.others85.Strong状语从句修饰句子中的谓语动词、形容词或副词等，有时修饰整个句子。一、时间状语从句1.when，while与aswhen可以指点时间，也指段时间。while只用于段时间。Whentheyheardthenews，theyalljumpedwithjoy.IowedJack$100whenIwasinLondon.WhileIwasreading，hecamein.（when）ImadesomeforeignfriendswhileIwasinLondon.(when)as可以指时间的某个点，也指一段时间。Ashestoodup，hedroppedtheglass，breakingitintopieces.表示两个动作同时发展。此时as不能用when或while替换，否则会失去同时并进或并肩发展的意思。Asthesunrose,thefogdispersed.随着太阳升起雾气就散了。Asitgrewdarker,itbecamecolder.=Thedarkeritgrew,thecolderitbecame.天色越暗，天气越冷注：1)when还可作并列连词，其意义为“那时，这时”，突然，相当于andatthis/thattime。常用于下列句式：sb.wasdoingsth.when...某人正在干某事就在这时……sb.wasaboutto/goingtodosth.when...某人正打算干某事就在这时……sb.bodyhasjustdonesomesth.when...某人刚干了某事就在这时……2)while作为并列连词，意为“而，却”，表示转折对比。Helikespopmusic，whileIamfondoffolkmusic.3)while引导让步状语从句（见后）4)如果主句表示的是短暂动作，而从句用延续性动词的进行时态表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作时，when，while与as可互换使用。如：When/While/AsIwaswalkingdownthestreet，Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.2.名词结构可用作从属连词，用以引导状语从句，且主要是时间状语从句。这类结构归纳起来有以下六类：1)、the+瞬间名词主要包括moment,minute,instant,second等，其意为“一……就……”，相当于assoonas。如：Theminutehesawherhefellinlove.I’lltelephonetheminutethere’sanychange.Telephonemethemoment(that)yougettheresults.IwassotiredthatIfellasleeptheinstantIclosedmyeyes.
33Sheputdownthereceiverthesecondsherecognizedmyvoice.其中的瞬间名词后可接that，也可省略。另外，有的个别副词（如directly/immediately等）也可表示类似意思。如：Immediatelythemealwasover,heswitchedontheradio.2)、the+季节名词spring,summer,autumn,winter，其意为“在……的那年春天、夏天、秋天、冬天。如：Hiswifelefthimthespringhewentabroad.3)、the+时间名词主要包括hour,day,night,week,month,season,year等，其意为“在……的时候、那天、那个晚上、那周、那个月、那个季节、那年”。如：Thehourhewasinheroffice,hefeltverysad.Thedayhereturnedhome,hisfatherwasalreadydead.ThenightIwenttoseeher,shehadleftforBeijingtoattendanimportantmeeting.4)、the+序数词+time其中的序数词包括first,second,third,fourth等，其意为“当第几次……的时候”。如：Mygirlfriendbeatmeatpokerthefirsttimeweplayed.ThesecondtimeIsawher,shelookedlikeanoldwoman.ThethirdtimeIwentthere,Ifoundallofthemhadleftandtheofficeswereallempty.注意：1)).next,last也具有类似序数词的性质，因此也具有以上用法。如：Nexttimeyoucomein,pleaseclosethedoor.下次你进来，请关门。2)).thefirsttime,thesecondtime,thethirdtime等用作连词引导时间状语从句时，其前通常要有定冠词，而(the)nexttime,(the)lasttime引导状语从句时，其中的冠词可以省略，如下面这道上海高考题，其答案是C，不是A：Ithoughtherniceandhonest_________Imether.A.firsttimeB.forthefirsttimeC.thefirsttimeD.bythefirsttime5)、不定代词+time其中的不定代词主要包括each,every,any等。如：EverytimeIringher,thephoneisengaged.EverytimeIseehimheeitherwantstotellmehistroubleorborrowsomemoney.AnytimeyoucometoLondondolookmeup.你无论什么时候到伦敦来，一定要来看我。注意：everytime,eachtime,anytime用作连词引导状语从句时其前习惯上不用冠词，它与thefirsttime,thesecondtime,thethirdtime等引导时间状语从句时其前必须要用定冠词不同。6)、其他名词结构以上归纳的名词结构均用于引导时间状语从句，有些其他结构还可引导其他性质的状语从句，如theway可用于引导方式状语从句，表示“像……一样”。如：Thedidn’tdoitthewaywedonow.Joycelookedatmethewayalotofgirlsdid.注：这样用的theway与as用法相似。如：Holditinbothhands,theway(=as)Mummydoes.用两只手捧住，像妈妈那样3.从属连词：assoonas，immediately，themoment，theminute，nosooner...than...,hardly...when...，once一….就Onceyourememberit，you’llneverforgetit.一旦你记住它，就永远不会忘记。ThemomentIheardthevoice，Iknewfatherwascoming.Nosoonerhadwearrivedatthestationthanthetrainleft.我们一到达车站，车就开了。注：nosooner...than...;hardly...when...nosooner和hardly提到句首时，应用倒装语序。Ihadhardlygothomewhenitbegantorain.→HardlyhadIgothomewhenitbegantorain.4.till，until(not...until/till...直到……才)till/until主语和从句都用肯定式主句的动词为连续性动词一直到为止I’llstayheretill/untiltherainstops.not...till/until主句用否定形式，从句用肯定形式主句的动词为非连续性动词直到……才Hedidn’tgohometill/untilhefinishedhishomework.注：1)till不可以置于句首，而until可以置于句首。如：UntilyoutoldmeIhadnoideaofit.直到你告诉我，我对此事才有所了解。2)如果将“notuntil...”结构放在句首，那么主句要写成倒装句。如：Notuntilwepointedouttheirfaulttothemdidtheyrealizeit.5.从属连词：before(在……之前)，after(在……之后)，since(自从……以来)。如：Pleaseremembertoturnoffallthelightsbeforeyouleavetheclassroom.注：1)上述三个连词，既是从属连词，也是介词。2)若表达“还未……就……”“不到……就……”“……才……”“趁……，还没来得及”时，需用连词before。如：Pleasewriteitdownbeforeyouforgetit.趁你现在没忘把它记下来。二、地点状语从句1.常用的引导词有where（在……地方）,wherever（无论在什么地方）等。指具体地点时，从句可用于主句之前或之后，表示抽象条件时，从句须放在主句之前。如：Theyareplantingtreeswherethereisplentyofwaterandsunlight.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.2.注意区分where引导的定语从句与状语从句。
34You’dbettermakeamarkwhereyouhaveanyquestions.(状语从句)You’dbettermakeamarkattheplacewhereyouhaveanyquestions.(定语从句)三、条件状语从句1.常用的引导词有if（如果，假如）,unless（除非，要不……就不）,aslongas（只要）,solongas（只要）,provided(that）（只要），suppose/supposing（假设），oncondition(that）（如果）等。如：ImaynotcometoseeyourecentlyunlessIcancompletetheprojectaheadoftime.Wecansurelyattainourgoalaslongasweareunitedasone.Whatshallwedoifwecannotgetthenecessarydata？Theypromisedtoletushaveameetingintheirofficeoncondition(that）wecouldkeepitclean.四、原因状语从句because,since,as,for,nowthat它们都可以被用来引导原因状语从句，其中(1)because语气最强，一般指事情发生的直接原因，回答提问，一般放在主句之后。Becausehewasill,hewaslateforschool.Wemuststayathomebecauseitrained.(2)since较弱，指双方都明确的原因或众所周知的原因，“既然”，侧重主句，从句表示显然的或已知的理由。Sinceyoudon"tlikeit,I"llputitaway.(3)as“由于，鉴于”，指客观事实，常与since互换使用。Astherewasnoanswer,Iwroteagain.(4)for是并列连词，不说明直接原因而是对某种情况加以推断，其引导的分句前常有逗号,不用于句首.Hemustbeill,forheisabsenttoday.Itmusthaverained,forthegroundiswet.（不是直接原因）(5)nowthat用来说明一种新情况，然后加以推论。Nowthatyouareready,we"llstartatonce.既然你已经准备好了，我们马上开始。关于since和nowthat这两个词在表示原因的时候是近义词，都表示“既然”。但其不同之处在于：nowthat只能以“新发生的情况”作为某事发生的原因；而since在表示“既然”时,就没有这种限制。如：Nowthattherainisgoingtostop,we’dbettergetreadyfortheafternoon’smatch.既然雨要停了，我们最好为下午的比赛作好准备。（此句中，nowthat引出的从句显然是表示“新出现的情况”，在句子中作“主句动作发生的原因”。也就是说，只有在这种情况下才可以用nowthat引导从句，表示“既然”。）Sinceyou’resointerestedinEnglish,whynothaveatryintheEnglishSpeechContest?既然你对英语这么有兴趣，为什么不试一试参加英语演讲比赛？其他表示原因的方式一些介词短语同样可以表示原因，becauseof;thanksto;dueto;owingto等。五、让步状语从句引导让步状语从句的从属连词有though（虽然）,although（虽然），eveni（f即使）,eventhough（即使）,as(尽管)，while(虽然),whether...or...(无论……还是……),nomatter+疑问词（无论）,whatever….1.though或although引导让状语从句。although与though两者意思相同，一般可互换，都可以与yet，still或nevertheless连用，但不能和but连用。如：Heisunhappythough/althoughhehasalotofmoney.虽然他有许多钱，但他并不幸福。Although/Thoughitwasraininghard，yettheywentonplayingfootball.注：though还可用作副词，意为“可是，然而”，置于句末。如：Hesaidhewouldcome；hedidn’tthough.他说他会来，可是他没有来。2.当as作“尽管，虽然”的意思讲引导让步状语从句时，从句往往放在主句的前面，而且用作让步的部分（表语、状语或动词原形）总是提前到句首。若表语是名词，前置时要省略冠词。如：Childasheis，heknowsalot.尽管他是孩子，他却懂得很多。Oldasheis,heisstillenergetic.尽管他老了，却依然精力充沛。（表语作为让步的内容，因此提前了。）Tryashemight,hecouldn’tsolvetheproblem.尽管他很努力了，但还是无法解决这个问题。(谓语提前了）Muchasyoususpectedhim,youcouldn’tprovidepowerfulevidence.虽然你非常怀疑他，但是你却无法提供有力的证据。（状语作为让步的内容，因此提前了。）3.whether...o（r不管……）疑问词+ever与nomatter+疑问词（不管……，无论……）。howeve（r不管怎样）,whatever（无论什么）,whoever（无论谁）。nomatterwhen(how,what,who,where,which）Airexistseverywherealthoughwecan’tseeit.尽管我们看不见空气，但它却无处不存在。Nomatterwhereyougoontheearth,youwillfeelthegravity.We’llstartourmeetingontimewhetherhecomesornot.Evenifweareapproachingtheendoftheexperiment,westillhavenotimetolose.注：whoever，whatever，whomever，whichever还可以引导名词性从句。而nomatterwhat等只引导状语从句。Youcantakewhateveryoulike.你可以拿任何你所喜欢的东西。（不能用nomatterwhat）六、方式状语从句常用的引导词有as（如同，按照）,asif（似乎，仿佛）,asthough（似乎，仿佛）等。如：
35HespeaksEnglishalmostasanativespeakerdoes.他的英文几乎说得如讲英语母语的人一样。HespeaksEnglishasifhewereanativespeaker.他讲英文的样子似乎像说英语母语的人。Shelookedunwellasthoughshegotabadcold.她看上去身体不适好像患有重感冒。Inthisreadingroominwhichyoucanreadanythingaseveryonedoeshere.asif或asthough引导的方式状语从句中，如果表示真实情况应该用直陈语气；如果表示非真实情况则应该用虚拟语气。关于这一点也取决于说话人的态度、看法。如：Itgetsdarkeranddarkerintheskyasifit’sgoingtorain.天越来越暗了似乎要下雨了。（表示真实情况，是直陈语气）Shespeaksasifshekneweverythingintheworld.她说话的样子仿佛似她懂得天下事。（表示非真实情况，是虚拟语气）七、目的状语从句sothat（以便，为了）,inorderthat（为了）,,incase（以免，以防）,forfear（以免，以防）等。如：Weshoulddoourutmostinorderthatwemaybeabletooverfulfillthetask.You’dbetterleaveyourphonenumber,sothatIcancallyoubeforeIcomenexttime.Batteriesmustbekeptindryplacesforfearthatelectricityleaksaway.在表示否定的目的状语从句中，谓语动词往往用“should+动词原形”或“动词原形”两种虚拟句式。如：I’llkeepaseatforyouincaseyoushouldchangeyourmind.我给你留个座，没准你会改变主意。八、结果状语从句1.引导词sothat（结果，以至），so...that（如此……以至）,such...that（如此……以至）等。如：Thetemperatureisincreasedsothatthevolumeofgasbecomesgreater.温度升高了气体的体积就增大了。Themountainissohighthatshecan’tclimbituptothetop.那座山太高了，她无法登上山顶。Itissuchalovelydaythateverybodyfeelshappyandgay.天气这么好，人人都感到高兴、快乐。注：1)so...that和such...that都是引导结果状语从句的从属连词，它们都表示“如此……以至”，但其要求的句型结构不一样。so修饰形容词或副词，such修饰名词。如：Heransofastthathisbrothercouldn’tcatchupwithhim.他跑得太快了，他弟弟赶不上他。Heissuchanaughtyboythathebecomesunwelcomeinhisneighborhood.Shelookssolovelythateverybodycan’thelptakingalookatherwhenpassingherby.2)当so或such置于句首时，主句要用倒装语序。如：Socleverwashethathewasabletoworkoutallthedifficultproblems.他是如此聪明以至于他能解出所有的难题。2.除结果状语从句外，too...to...(太……而不能……)，enoughto...(能够……)，soasto...(那么……以至于……)等不定式结构同样可以表示结果。如：Hedidn’tgetupearlyenoughtocatchthebus.=Hegotuptoolatetocatchthebus.=Hegotupsolateastomissthebus.九、比较状语从句引导词有than（比……）,as...as（如……一样……）,“the+比较级...,the+比较级...”（越……越……）等。如：Heistallerthanhisbrother.他比他弟弟个高一些。Themoretheydiscoveraboutthebrain,themorequestionstheycan’tanswerinthatarea.要点提示：than和as...as中的第二个as都是连词，后面若是人称代词，常用主格形式。如：Hermotherisnotastallasshe（is）.Idon’tthinkthatheistallerthanI.我并不认为他比我个高。十、状语从句中的省略1.若从句中的主语与主句的主语一致，同时从句中又含有系动词be，则通常省去从句的主语和系动词be而保留其余部分。如：While(shewas)veryyoung，shebegantostudyEnglish.她很小的时候就开始学英语。2.若从句主语是it，动词是系动词be,则通常省去主语it及系动词be而保留其余部分。如：Everythingwentonbetterthan(ithadbeen)expected.一切进展得比预料的要好。3.若从句中部分内容与主句中的部分内容相同，可将从句中的此部分内容省略。如：Shehasnomoney.If(shehas)any，shewillgiveus.她没钱，如果有的话，她会给我们的。高考题选：1．Marymadecoffee________herguestswerefinishingtheirmeal.A.sothatBalthoughC.whileD.asif2．Thelittleboywon’tgotosleep_____hismothertellshimastory.A.orB.unlessC.butD.whether3．Tomwasabouttoclosethewindows_____hisattentionwascaughtbyabird.A.whenB.ifC.andD.till4．Theengineeraresobusythattheyhavezerotimeforoutdoorsportsactivities,___theyhavetheinterest.A.whereverB.WheneverC.evenifD.asif5．Justusethisroomforthetimebeing,andwe’llofferyoualargerone____itbecomesavailable.
36A.assoonasB.unlessC.asfarasD.until6．_______theydecidewhichcollegetogoto,studentsshouldresearchtheadmissionprocedures.A.AsB.WhileC.UntilD.Once7．Thegirlhadhardlyrungthebellthedoorwasopenedsuddenly,andherfriendrushedouttogreether.A.beforeB.untilC.asD.since8．Timisingoodshapephysically_____hedoesn’tgetmuchexercise.A.ifB.eventhoughC.unlessD.aslongas9．—Ourholidaycostalotofmoney.—Didit?Well,thatdoesn`tmatteryouenjoyedyourselves.A.aslongasB.unlessC.assoonasD.though10．TheoldmanaskedLucytomovetoanotherchair_______hewantedtositnexttohiswife.A.althoughB.unlessC.becauseD.if11．Theschoolrulesstatethatnochildshallbeallowedoutoftheschoolduringtheday,____accompaniedbyanadult.A.onceB.whenC.ifD.unless12．Johnthinksitwon’tbelongheisreadyforhisnewjob.A.whenB.afterC.beforeD.since13．Becauseoftheheavytraffic，itwasalreadytimeforlunchbreakshegottoheroffice.A.sinceB.thatC.whenD.until14．Today,wewillbeginwestoppedyesterdaysothatnopointwillbeleftout.A.whenB.whereC.howD.what15．________youmayhave,youshouldgatheryourcouragetofacethechallenge.A.HoweveraseriousproblemB.WhataseriousproblemC.HoweverseriousaproblemD.Whatseriousaproblem16．ourmanagerobjectstoTom"sjoiningtheclub,weshallaccepthimasamember.A.UntilB.UnlessCIfD.After17.—Haveyougotanyideaforthesummervacation?—Idon’tmindwherewego_____there’ssun,seaandbeach.A.asifB.aslongasC.nowthatD.inorderthat18.-----Doyouhaveaminute?I’vegotsomethingtotellyou.-----Ok,______youmakeitshort.A.nowthatB.ifonlyC.solongasD.everytime19.Alltheneighboradmirethisfamily_________theparentsaretreatingtheirchildlikeafriend.A.whyB.whereC.whichD.that20.Nancyenjoyedherselfsomuch______shevisitedherfriendsinSydneylastyear.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where21._____theInternetisofgreathelp.Idon’tthinkit’sagoodideatospendtoomuchtimeonit.AIfB.WhileC.BecauseD.As22.Hefounditincreasinglydifficulttoread,______hiseyesightwasbeginningtofail.A.thoughB.forC.butD.so23.You’dbetternotleavethemedicine______kidscangetatit.A.evenifB.whichC.whereD.sothat24.______hungryIam,Ineverseemtobeabletofinishoffthisloafofbread.A.WhateverB.WheneverC.WhereverD.However25.Iusedtolovethatfilm______Iwasachild,butIdon’tfeelitthatwayanymore.A.onceB.whenC.sinceD.although26.Asmallcarisbigenoughforafamilyofthree____youneedmorespaceforbaggage.A.onceB.becauseC.ifD.unless27.Thereweresomechairsleftover_____everyonehadsatdown.A.whenB.untilC.thatD.where28.Don’tpromiseanything______youareonehundredpercentsure.A.whetherB.afterC.howD.unless29.—DidyoureturnFred’scall?—Ididn’tneedto____I’llseehimtomorrow.A.thoughB.unlessC.whenD.because30.I’msorryyou’vebeenwaitingsolong,butit’llstillbesometime____Briangetback.A.beforeB.sinceC.tillD.after31.We’llhaveapicnicintheparkthisSunday_____itrainsorit’sverycold.A.sinceB.ifC.unlessD.until32.---AreyoureadyforSpain？--Yes,Iwantthegirlstoexperiencethat___theyareyoung.A.whileB.untilC.ifD.before
3733.___wellpreparedyouare,youstillneedalotofluckinmountainclimbing.A.howeverB.whateverC.nomatterD.although34.11．______itishopedthatcollegestudentsshouldbeequippedwiththeabilitytotakeagoodsetofnotes,thisisnotalwaysthecase．A．WhenB．WhileC．AsD．UnlessIamveryexcitedtohaveacceptedane-mailfrom76.you.I"mgladyouhavemadesuchagreatprogress77.thatyoucanwriteyoure-mailgoodChinese.Iread78.youre-mailtomyparentsandshowthemthephotoyou79.sentittome.Howtimeflies!Ourfriendshiphaslasted80.forseveralmonths.Wehavegottoknowbutlearneda81.lotfromeachother.Yes,itisclearlythatyourlifein82.yourcountryisquitedifferentfromme.Thanksagain83.forwritingtome.I"mlookingforwardtohearfrom84.yousoon.Bestwishtoyouandyourfamily.85.DearEditor,I’mwritingtotellyouaboutthediscussionwe’vehadaboutwhetheranentrancefeeshouldbechargedforparks.Opinionsaredividedonthequestion.60%ofthestudentsareagainsttheideaofentrancefees.Theybelievedapublicparkshouldbefreeofcharge.Peopleneedaplacewheretheycanrestandenjoythemselves.Chargingentrancefeeswillnodoubtkeepsomepeopleaway.Whatismore,itwillbecomenecessarytobuildgatesandwalls,whichwilldoharmtotheappearanceofacity.Ontheotherhand,40%thinkthatfeesshouldbechargedbecauseyouneedmoneytopaygardenersandotherworkersandtobuyplantsandyoungtrees.Theysuggest,however,feesshouldbechargedlow.1CBACA6DABAC11DCCBC16BBCBC21BBCDB26DADDA31CAAB576.received/got77.a78.in79.showed80.it81.and82.clear83.mine84.hearing85.wishes复合句综合练习01Tosucceedinourfuturegoal,_____westudentsreallyneedtodoistostudyashardaspossibleanddoalotofexerciseseveryday.A.thatB.howC.whatD.why02___hasbeenmadecleartoallofyou,noneofyouaretocomelatetoclassfromtodayon.A.ItB.AsC.WhatD.Which03____somanyyoungpeoplewanttoliveincitiesisbecausetheywanttohavefunthere.A.WhyB.ThatC.WhetherD.How04Chang’eNo.1hasbeensuccessfulincirclingthemoonformonths,______meansthatitwillbepossibleforChineseastronautstolandonthemoonsomeday.A.thisB.itC.thatD.which05Oneofthebestways______canprotecttheenvironmentissustainabledevelopment.A.whichB.inwhichC.howD.that06Althoughbornandeducatedinthecountryside,Joe’dlikeverymuchtowork___thebigcompaniesare,becomingatopaccountant.A.whichB.whenC.whereD.because07Thecompaniesareworkingtogethertocreate____theyhopewillbethebestmeansoftransportinthe21stcentury.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.who08Smallsailboatscaneasilyturnoverinthewater____theyarenotmanagedcarefully.A.thoughB.beforeC.untilD.if09PeopleinChongqingareproudof_____theyhaveachievedinthelasttenyears.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.how10Popmusicissuchanimportantpartofsociety____ithaseveninfluencedourlanguage.A.asB.thatC.whichD.where11Allpeople,_____theyareoldoryoung,havebeentryingtheirbesttohelpthoseinneed.A.evenifB.whetherC.nomatterD.however12We’llhaveapicnicintheparkthisSunday____itrainsorit’sverycold.A.sinceB.ifC.untilD.unless13_____Ireallydon’tlikeart,Ifindhisworksimpressive.A.AsB.SinceC.IfD.While
3814You’llbesuccessfulintheinterview_____youhaveconfidence.A.beforeB.onceC.untilD.though15Thelasttimewehadgreatfunwas____wewerevisitingtheWaterPark.A.whereB.howC.whenD.why16Thereweresomechairsleftover_____everyonehadsatdown.A.whenB.untilC.thatD.where17Hewastoldthatit’dbeatleast3moremonths____hecouldrecoverandreturntowork.A.whenB.beforeC.sinceD.that18It’sdifficultforustolearnalessoninlife____we’veactuallyhadthatlesson.A.untilB.afterC.whenD.since19Formanycitiesintheworld,there’snoroomtospreadoutfurther,_________NewYorkisanexample.A.forwhichB.inwhichC.ofwhichD.fromwhich20TomorrowisTom’sbirthday.Haveyougotanyidea_____thepartyistobeheld?A.whatB.whichC.thatD.where21Manyofthemturnedadeafeartohisadvice______theyknewittobevaluable.A.asifB.nowthatC.eventhoughD.sothat22Iwon’tcallyou,_____somethingunexpectedhappens.A.unlessB.whetherC.becauseD.while23Themanpulledoutagoldwatch,_________weremadeofsmalldiamonds.A.thehandsofwhomB.whomthehandsofC.whichhandsofD.thehandsofwhich24Laterinthischaptercaseswillbeintroducedtoreaders____consumercomplaintshaveresultedinchangesinthelaw.A.whereB.whenC.whoD.which25_____isknowntousallisthatthe2008OlympicGameswilltakeplaceinBeijing.A.ItB.WhatC.AsD.Which26Nancyenjoyedherselfsomuch_____shevisitedherfriendsinSidneylastyear.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where27Bynineo’clock,alltheOlympictorchbearershadreachedthetopofMountQomolangma,__appearedarainbowsoon.A.ofwhichB.onwhichC.fromwhichD.abovewhich28Lastweek,onlytwopeoplecametolookatthehouse,_____wantedtobuyit.A.neitherofwhomB.bothofthemC.noneofwhomD.neitherifwhich29Thevillagehasdevelopedalot______welearnedfarmingtwoyearsago.A.whereB.whatC.whichD.why1CBADD6CCDCB11BDDBC16ABACD21CADAB26CDAA动词的时态语态一、一般现在时1．定义：表示现在经常发生的动作或存在的状态，或客观真理2．构成：a)谓语为be动词时，用is,am,areHeisastudent.b)谓语为行为动词时，主语为三单时（he,she，it）动词加-s或-es但have-hasHelikesEnglish.Myfatherhasthreecars.c)谓语为行为动词时，主语为其余人称时，动词用原形TheylikeEnglish.Theyhavethreecars.3．一般问句：a)提前be动词Isheastudent?b)一加does于句首，二还原谓语动词DoeshelikeEnglish?Doesyourfatherhavethreecars?c)只须在句首加doDotheylikeEnglish?Dotheyhavethreecars?4．否定句：a)在be后加notHeisn’tastudent.b)一加doesn’t于主语后，二还原谓语动词c)只须在主语后加don’tTheydon’tlikeEnglish.Theydon’thavecars.二、一般过去时1．定义：过去（经常）发生的动作或状态2．构成：a)谓语为be动词时，用was,wereHewasatschoolyesterday.b)谓语为行为动词时，用其过去式（规则的加-ed,不规则的死记）Heoftenplayedbasketballlastyear.Theyboughtmeabookyesterday.3．一般问句：a)提前be动词Washeatschoolyesterday?b)一加Did于句首，二还原谓语动词Didheoftenplaybasketballlastyear?Didtheybuymeabookyesterday?4.否定句：a)在be后加notHewasn’tatschoolyesterday.b)一加didn’t于主语后，二还原谓语动词
39Hedidn’toftenplaybasketballlastyear.Theydidn’tbuymeabookyesterday.三、现在进行时1．定义：表示现在(指说话人说话时)正在发生的事情。或表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。Wearewaitingforyou.Mr.Greeniswritinganothernovel.(说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。)2．构成：be+doing(is,am,are+doing)Theyareplayingbasketballnow.IamhavinganEnglishclass.3.一般问句：提前be(is,am,are)Aretheyplayingbasketballnow?AreyouhavinganEnglishclass?4.否定句：在be后加notTheyaren’tplayingbasketballnow.I’mnothavinganEnglishclass.四、过去进行时：1.定义：表示过去某一刻正在进行的动作2.构成：be+doing(was,were+doing)WewerehavinganEnglishclassatfouryesterday.HewasplayingbasketballwhenIcametoschool.3.一般问句：提前was,wereWereyouhavinganEnglishclassatfouryesterday?WasheplayingbasketballwhenIcametoschool?4.否定句：在was,were后加notWeweren’thavinganEnglishclassatfouryesterday.Hewasn’tplayingbasketballwhenIcametoschool.五、一般将来时：1.定义：表将要发生的事或按计划，安排将发生的事2.构成：a）will(shall)+动原doTheywillflytoBeijingtomorrow.b)is(am,are)goingto+动原doWearegoingtohaveapicnicnextSunday.3.一般问句：a)提前will(shall)WilltheyflytoBeijingtomorrow?b)提前is(am,are)AreyougoingtohaveapicnicnextSunday?4.否定句：a)在will(shall)后加notTheywon’tflytoBeijingtomorrow.Willnot=won’tb)在is(am,are)后加notWearen’tgoingtohaveapicnicnextSunday.六、过去将来时：1.定义：表过去某时将要发生的事或按计划，安排将发生的事2.构成：a）would(should)+动原doTheywouldflytoBeijingthenextday..b)was(were)goingto+doWeweregoingtohaveapicnicthenextSunday.3.一般问句：a)提前would(should)WouldtheyflytoBeijingthenextday?b)提前was,wereWereyougoingtohaveapicnicthenextSunday?4.否定：a)在would(should)后加notTheywouldn’tflytoBeijingthenextday.b)在was,were后加notWeweren’tgoingtohaveapicnicthenextSunday.七、现在完成时1.定义：表示过去发生的动作对现在有影响，或过去发生的动作持续到现在，有可能还继续持续下去Ihaveseenthefilmalready.TheyhavegonetoBeijing.IhavestudiedEnglishfortenyears.2.构成：have(has)+p.p.(过去分词)3.一般问句：提前have(has)Haveyouseenthefilmalready?HavetheygonetoBeijing?HaveyoustudiedEnglishfortenyears?4.否定句：在have(has)后加notIhaven’tseenthefilmalready.Theyhaven’tgonetoBeijing.Ihaven’tstudiedEnglishfortenyears.八、过去完成时1.定义：表示过去的过去发生的动作对过去某一时刻有影响，或过去的过去发生的动作持续到过去，有可能还继续持续下去。Ihadlearned3000wordsbytheendoflastterm.Ihadfinishedtheworkbeforeyoucameback.2.构成：had+p.p.(过去分词)3.一般问句：提前hadHadyoulearned3000wordsbytheendoflastterm?Hadyoufinishedtheworkbeforeyoucameback?4．否定：在had后加notIhadn’tlearned3000wordsbytheendoflastterm.Ihadn’tfinishedtheworkbeforeyoucameback.九、现在完成进行时have/hasbeendoing（一）表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作，并且还将持续下去。TheChinesehavebeenmakingpaperfortwothousandyears.中国有2000年的造纸历史。（动作还将继续下去）IhavebeenlearningEnglishsincethreeyearsago.自从三年前以来我一直在学英语。（动作还将继续下去）
40（二）表示在说话时刻之前到现在正在进行的动作。Wehavebeenwaitingforyouforhalfanhour.(人还没到，如同在电话里说的，还会继续等)（三）有些现在完成进行时的句子等同于现在完成时的句子。Theyhavebeenlivinginthiscityfortenyears.Theyhavelivedinthiscityfortenyears.（四）大多数现在完成进行时的句子不等同于现在完成时的句子。Ihavebeenwritingabook.（动作还将继续下去）我一直在写一本书。Ihavewrittenabook.（动作已经完成）我已经写了一本书。Theyhavebeenbuildingabridge.他们一直在造一座桥。五）表示状态的动词不能用于现在完成进行时。Ihaveknownhimforyears.我认识他已经好几年了。*Ihavebeenknowing...注意：一般将来时的另几种表达方式：a)“一般现在时”表将来------用于表示根据规定时间预计要发生的动作或事态。Sheretiresnextmonth.TomorrowisSaturday.Thetrainstartsatfiveo’clock.WewillflytoNanjingifitdoesn’traintomorrow.(主将从现)b)“进行时”表将来------此种构成只适用于位置转移的动词。如：come,leave,start,get等Sheiscomingtoseeustomorrow.（此用法常可以与begoingto替换。但不能与现在进行时混淆，其区别要看时间状语或根据上下文判断。）c)be+不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。例如：WearetodiscussthereportnextSaturday.我们下星期六讨论这份报告。表示命令、禁止、可能性。Youaretoleavenow.（这个结构主要表示该动作来自协定，协议或要求命令等。）d)beaboutto+不定式，意为马上做某事：beaboutto...指最近的将来,常译作"即将"，"马上"就要发生。句中不加和表示具体的时间状语。Iwasabouttoleavewhenthetelephonerang.被动语态的结构为助动词“be＋（p．p）”被动语态的不同时态是通过be的时态变化来表示的，什么时态的被动语气就是把be变为相应的时态。一般现在时：am／is／are＋p．p．一般过去时：was／were＋p．p．一般将来时：shall／willbe＋p．p．(is,am,are)+goingto+be+p.p.过去将来时：should／wouldbe＋p．p．(was,were)+goingto+be+p.p.现在进行时：am／is／are＋being＋p．p．过去进行时：was/were+being+p.p.现在完成时：have／hasbeen＋p．p．过去完成时：had+been+p.p.含情态动词的被动结构：情态动词＋be＋p．p．Heoftencleanstheclassroom.Theybuiltabridgetenyearsago.Sheiswashingdishesnow.Theyhaveboughtmanybooksalready.Hehadlearned3000wordsbytheendoflastterm.Shewillkeepthesebooksfortendays.1.—HaveyouknownDr.Jacksonforalongtime?—Yes,sinceshe______theChineseSociety.A.hasjoinedB.joinsC.hadjoinedD.joined2.Thewetweatherwillcontinuetomorrow,whenacoldfront______toarrive.A.isexpectedB.isexpectingC.expectsD.willbeexpected3.-----Didyouwatchthebasketballmatchyesterday?-----Yes,Idid.Youknow,mybrother________inthematch.A.isplayingB.wasplayingC.hasplayedD.hadplayed4.IliketheseEnglishsongsandthey________manytimesontheradio.A.taughtB.havetaughtC.aretaughtD.havebeentaught5.Sofarthisyearwe______afallinhousepricesbybetween5and10percent.A.sawB.seeC.hadseenD.haveseen6.IcalledHnnahmanytimesyesterdayevening,butIcouldn’tgetthrough.Herbrother_____onthephoneallthetime!A．wastalkingB.hasbeentalkingC.hastalkedD.talked7.—Doyouhaveanyproblemsifyou______thisjob?—Well,I’mthinkingaboutthesalary….A.offerB.willofferC.areofferedD.willbeoffered8.—I’msureAndrewwillwinthefirstprizeinthefinal.—Ithinkso.He______foritformonths.A.ispreparingB.waspreparingC.hadbeenpreparingD.hasbeenpreparing
419.Bythetimeherealizeshe______intoatrap,it’llbetoolateforhimtodoanythingaboutit.A.walksB.walkedC.haswalkedD.hadwalked10.–Doyouthinkweshouldacceptthatoffer?--Yes,weshould,forwe___suchbadluckuptillnow,andtime__out.A.havehad;isrunningB.had;isrunningC.have;hasbeenrunD.havehad;hasbeenrun11.Wefirstmetonatrainin2000.Webothfeltimmediatelythatwe______eachotherforyears.A.knewB.hadknownC.haveknownD.know12.—Haveyougotanyjoboffers?—No.I______.A.waitedB.hadbeenwaitingC.havewaitedD.amwaiting13.Iftheweatherhadbeenbetter,wecouldhavehadapicnic.Butit____allday.A.rainedB.rainsC.hasrainedD.israining14.ThemomentIgothome,IfoundI_________myjacketontheplayground.A.hadleftB.leftC.haveleftD.wasleaving15.Iftheirmarketingplanssucceed,they____theirsalesby20percent.A.willincreaseB.havebeenincreasingC.haveincreasedD.wouldbeincreasing16.–Didyougototheshowlastnight?–Yeah.Everyboyandgirlinthearea_________invitedA.wereB.havebeenC.hasbeenD.was17.Thoughwedon’tknowwhatdiscussed,yetwecanfeelthetopic____________.A.hadchangedB.willchangeC.waschangedD.hasbeenchanged18.Thetelephone_______,butbythetimeIgotindoors,itstopped.A.hadrungB.wasringingC.ringsD.hasrung19.Idon’tbelieveyou’vealreadyfinishedreadingthebook—I______ittoyouthismorning!A.wouldlendB.waslendingC.hadlentD.lent20.–What’sthatnoise?–Oh,Iforgottotellyou.Thenewmachine______.A.wastestedB.willbetestedC.isbeingtestedD.hasbeentested21.—HaveyoureadbookcalledWaitingforAnya?—Who_______it?A.writesB.haswrittenC.wroteD.hadwritten22.Thehotelwasn’tparticularlygood.ButI____inmanyworsehotels.A.wasstayingB,stayedC.wouldstayD.hadstayed23.Nodecisionaboutanyfutureappointmentuntilallthecandidateshavebeeninterviewed.A.willbemadeB.ismadeC.isbeingmadeD.hasbeenmade24.He_____footballregularlyformanyyearswhenhewasyoung.A.wasplayingB.playedC.hasplayedD.hadplayed25.Judyisgoingtomarrythesailorshe__inRomelastyear.A.meetsB.metC.hasmetD.wouldmeet26.He__asanationalheroforwinningthefirstgoldmetalforhiscountryintheOlympics.A.regardedB.wasregardedC.hasregardedD.hadbeenregarded27.Teenagers__theirhealthbecausetheyplaycomputergamestoomuch.A.havedamagedB.aredamagingC.damagedD.willdamage28.DoyouknowifTerrywillgocampingthisweekend?Terry?Never!She___tentsandfreshair!A.hashatedB.hatedC.willhateD.hates29.Inrecentyearsmanyfootballclubs___asbusinesstomakeaprofit.A.haverunB.havebeenrunC.hadbeenrunD.willrunDearJohn,LastsummerItakeapart-timejobintheinternational76campforchildren.Ihavebeentoldonemoreworker77willbeneededthisyearandIthinkyouarefitit.How78aboutjoinus?Thecampisatthefootofasmallhill79closetoariver.Itissoabeautifulplace!Wecanhear80birdssinginghappyallaround.Everybodysleepsin81Tents,thatisveryexciting.Weusuallyworkonlyfive82hoursaday,sowewillhaveplentyofsparetimevisitthe83area,Iamsureitwillbeaunforgettable84experience.Ifyouhaveinterestsinit,replytomesoon.8576took77√78for79joining80such81happily82which83to84an85
42interest1，DABDD6ACDCA11BDAAA16DBBDC21CDABB26BBDB1.---Hi,Terry,canIuseyourcomputerforawhilethisafternoon?---Sorry.It__________________________(repair).2.Excuseme,I______________________(notrealize)Iwasblockingyourway.3.IttookmealongtimebeforeIwasabletofullyappreciatewhatthey__________________(do)forme.4.一Wereyousurprisedbytheendingofthefilm?一No.I_____________________(read)thebook,soIalreadyknewthestory.5.——Guesswhat,we’vegotourvisasforashort-termvisittotheUKthissummer.——Hownice!You______________________________(experience)adifferentculturethen.6.Iwasjustgoingtocutmyrosebushesbutsomeone___________________(do)it.Wasityou?7.—Why,Jack,youlooksotired!---Well,I_______________________(paint)thehouseandImustfinishtheworktomorrow.8.---Peter,wheredidyouguysgoforthesummervacation?---We_______________________(be)busywithourworkformonths,sowewenttothebeachtorelaxourselves.9.Georgeisgoingtotalkaboutthegeographyofhiscountry,butI’dratherhe_______________________(focus)moreonitsculture.10.Joseph____________(go)toeveningclassessincelastmonth,buthestillcan’tsay“What’syourname?”inRussian.11.Uptonow,theprogram__________________________(save)thousandsofchildrenwhowouldotherwisehavedied.12.Itisreportedthatmanyanewhouse_________________________(build)atpresentinthedisasterarea.13.WhenItalkedwithmygrandmaonthephone,shesoundedweak,butbythetimewe_______________(hang)up,hervoicehadbeenfulloflife.14.Thebookhasbeentranslatedintothirtylanguagessinceit_______________(come)onthemarketin1973.15.Daniel"sfamily_________________________(enjoy)theirholidayinHuangshanthistimenextweek.16.Edward,youplaysowell.ButI_______________________(notknow)youplayedthepiano.17.Wouldyoupleasekeepsilent?Theweatherreport__________________________(broadcast)andIwanttolisten.18.MyparentshavepromisedtocometoseemebeforeI__________________(leave)forAfrica.19.Thisisthefirsttimewe___________________(see)afilminthecinematogetherasafamily.20.Shestaredatthepainting,wonderingwhereshe______________________(see)it.21.—I’vegottogonow.—Mustyou?I________________________(think)youcouldstayfordinnerwithus.22.ProfessorWilliamskeepstellinghisstudentsthatthefuture__________________(belong)tothewell-educated.非谓语动词用法一览表主语宾语定语表语状语补语不定式νννννν动名词νννν分词νννν一、不定式：1、用法：1）作主语：Tohelpeachotherisgood.=Itisgoodtohelpeachother.2)宾语：Shewishestobeadoctor.3)定语：Isthisthebestwaytohelphim.4)状语：EverymorninghegetsupveryearlytoreadEnglish.5)表语：Myjobistodrivethemtothepowerstationeveryday.6)宾补：Isawalittlegirlrunacrossthestreet.Myfatheraskedustostudyhardforourcountry.2、构成：todotobedonetohavedonetohavebeendonetobedoing3、不定式短语：：“疑问词+不定式”Shedidn’ttellmewhattodo.4、不定式的复合结构：当作表语用的形容词能修饰不定式的逻辑主语时，就用介词of而不用for引出不定式的逻辑主语，这些形容词一般有good,nice,kind,wise,silly,stupid,foolish,right,wrong,careless,impolite等，如：Itisverykindofyoutohelphimeveryday.（Youarekind.）否则就用for如：It’snecessaryforyoutohelpme.5、不定式作宾补时省to在感官动词seewatchfeelhearnotice…和使让动词make,have,let后要省to,但变为被动时，要把to加上。Isawhimcomein.Hewasseentocomeinbyme.
436、动词不定式的否定式：动词不定式的否定式是由not+动词不定式构成，如：It’swrongofyounottoattendthemeeting.7、动词不定式的被动语态用法：如果动词不定式的逻辑主语为这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者时，不定式一般就用被动语态形式，如：Whatistobedonenexthasn’tbeendecidedyet.二、动名词：构成：doing1、用法：1）主语：Swimmingisgoodforus.2)宾语：Ilovesinging.3)表语：Hishobbyiscollectingstamps.4)定语：Thereisaswimmingpool.–Thereisapoolforswimming.2、动名词复合结构：：由形容词性物主代词或名词所有格+doing构成,也可用其宾格或名词+doing（位于句首时只能用前一种）Doyoumindmy(Tom’s)closingthedoor?=Doyoumindme(Tom)closingthedoor?三、分词：现在分词：doing过去分词：done1、区别：现在分词表示主动和正在进行，而过去分词表示被动和已完成2用法：1）定语：Theboystandingunderthetreeisourmonitor.ThenovelwrittenbyLuXunisworthreading.2)状语：Shesatatthedeskreadinganewspaper.Beingill,hewenthome.Heappeared,followedbyalittleboy.Seenfromthehill,theparklooksverybeautiful.Seeingtheaccident,hecalled110atonce.3)表语：Thefilmisveryinteresting.主语为物，令人……I’minterestedinthisstory.主语为人，感到….4)宾补：Isawhimplayingbasketballontheplaygroundyesterday.Ihadmycomputerrepairedyesterday.非谓语动词解题技巧主语不定式和动名词都可以作主语，区别是：不定式强调动作，如：ToteachthestudentsinClassTwonexttermishistaskgiven.而动名词则侧重概念，如：Swimmingisagoodsport.动名词或不定式都可以在句中作主语，但在下列句型中常用动名词作主语。Itis/wasnouse/good+doingsth.Itis/wasnotanyuse/good+doingsth.若主语和表语都是非谓语动词，应保持形式上的一致。Seeingisbelieving.Toseeistobelieve.眼见为实。宾补不定式和分词都可以作宾语补足语。一个区别是，不定式表示做过或将要做的动作，如：Isawhimentertheroom.现在分词表示正在进行的动作，如：IheardhersinginganEnglishsong.过去分词则表示被动或完成意义，如：He’llhavehishaircut.状语不定式和分词都可能作状语，但它们的种类是不同的。不定式能作：目的状语，如：Tohelphim,Igotohishouseeveryday.结果状语，如：Heworkedhardenoughtobepraisedbyhisleader.原因状语（这种状语一般在形容词后面作形容词的状语），如：Iamgladtoseeyou.分词能作：时间状语，如：Walkingalongthestreet,Imetanoldfriendofmine.条件状语，如：Takenintime,themedicinewillbequiteeffective.方式或伴随状语，如：Laughingandtalking,thestudentswentoutoftheclassroom.原因状语（一般前置，作动词或句子的原因状语），如：Notknowinghistelephonenumber,wecouldn’tgetintouchwithhim.结果状语（自然而然的结果）Alargeaccidenthappened,causingmanypeople’death.定语不定式，分词和动名词都可以作定语，区别是，不定式动作意味强，如：Hehadonlyaroomtolivein.现在分词表示它所修饰的名词的动作，如：Thesleepingboyismyyoungerbrother.过去分词表示过去的动作造成的后来的状态，如：Thisisabrokencup.动名词表示用途，如：Thereareafewsleepingcarsintheshop.表语不定式、分词和动名词都可以作表语，区别是不定式和动名词作表语都表示主语的内容，但前者动作意味强，如：HisjobistoteachthestudentsinClassTwonextterm.而后者概念意味强，如：Herjobisraisingpigs.现在分词表示主语的性质和特点，主语是物，令人……如：Thestoryisinteresting.过去分词表示主语的状态，
44主语是人，感到…….如：I’minterestedinthestory.宾语不定式和动名词都可以作宾语，为了方便记忆，现公布一些巧记，如下：只能接动名词作宾语的动词：建议停止享受——想象完成逃跑（suggestadvisestopresistenjoyimaginefinishescape）承认借口——推迟实践（admitexcusedelaypractise）认为应该保持头脑清醒——懂得避免冒险（considerkeepmindunderstandavoidmissrisk）另外还有几个短语succeedinbebusybeworthbeusedtogiveuplookforwardtodevotetopayattentiontoobjectto只能接不定式作宾语的动词：offer（提出）learn（学会）intendplan（打算）demandask（要求）promise（答应）help（帮忙）prepare（准备）decidedetermine（决定）refuse（拒绝）dare（敢于）manage（设法）wishhopewantexpect（希望，想要）failpretend（假装）choose（甘愿）同意提出学会的打算，要求答应来帮忙。准备决定遭拒绝，敢于设法有希望。未能做到莫假装，选择破釜沉舟自强。既能接不定式，又能接动名词，但意思不同的动词：forget,goon,mean,remember,try,stop,regret,巧记，即“四季力争不后悔”四季指（记得/记住；忘记；计划/打算；继续）力争指try不后悔指“stopregretting”stop与regretForexample:1,Thedoctortriedtocurethewomanofherillness,sohetriedtreatingherwithanewmedicine.他尽力为这个女人治病，因此他试着用一种新药给他治疗。2.Theteacheraskedustogoonreadingthetextinsteadofgoingontodotheexercises.老师叫我们继续读课文，而不是做练习。3.Whatapoormemory!Iforgotborrowingmoneyfromhimyesterday,ButtodayIforgottoreturnthemoneytohimagain.记忆力真差！我忘了昨天从他那儿借过钱，可今天又忘了要还给他。4.Thepupilsstoppedtowritetheircompositionswhentheteachersaidangrily,“stopdiscussing,children.”当老师生气地说：“孩子们，不要讲话，”学生们便停下来写自已的作文。5.Iregrettedtotellhimthathehadbeendismissed,tomysurprise,hesaidtome,“Ihavenoregrets,Ionlyregrethavingtakenthewrongjob.我遗憾地告诉他被解雇了，使我惊奇的是，他对我说：“我没有任何遗憾。我唯一的是选错了工作。”6.Ican’thelpthinkinghe’slying,soIcan’thelptoapologizeforhim.我不能不认为他在撒谎，因此我不能代替他道歉。can’thelpdoing情不自禁做某事，can’thelptodo不能帮忙做某事7.Remembertoreturnthebattome.ButIrememberhavingreturnedittoyou.记住把球拍还给我，可是我记得已还给你了。8.meantodo打算、想meandoing意味着,象征Imeantogo,butmyfatherwouldnotallowmeto.我想去，但是我父亲不肯让我去。Doingthatmeanswastingtime那样做意味着浪费时间。9.considerdoing考虑I’mconsideringgoingabroadsomedayconsidersb.tobe认为Weconsiderthismattertobeveryimportant.我们认为这件事很重要。Weallconsiderhimtohavestolenthebike.我们都认为他偷了自行车。10.advisedoingadvisesb.todoHeadvisedgoingtothemovie.他建议去看电影。Headvisedustogotothemovie.他建议我们去看电影。非谓语动词精练1、ChinaisacountrywhileAmericaisacountry.A、developing;developingB、developed;developingC、developed;developedD、developing;developed2、Themissingboyswerelastseenneartheriver.A、playingB、tobeplayingC、playD、toplay3、Daddydidn’tmindwhatweweredoing,aslongasweweretogether,fun.A、hadB、haveC、tohaveD、having4、Tomkeptquietabouttheaccidentlosehisjob.A、sonotastoB、soasnottoC、soastonotD、notsoasto5、Whodoyouwanttowithyou?A、havegoneB、havegoC、goingD、went6、Myadvisorencouragedasummercoursetoimprovemywritingskills.A、formetakingB、metakingC、formetotakeD、metotake
457、Thepurposeofnewtechnologiesistomakelifeeasier,itmoredifficult.A、notmakeB、nottomakeC、notmakingD、donotmake8、----HaveyouconsideredtheSaltLakeCityduringthecomingsummerholiday?----Notyet.I’mafraidIwouldbelikeabeethisvacation.A、tovisitB、droppinginatC、withavisittoD、payingavisit9、inthequeueforhalfanhour,Tomsuddenlyrealizedthathehadlefthiswalletathome.A、TowaitB、HavewaitedC、HavingwaitedD、Tohavewaited10、----IhearJohninamiddleschool.----What?Ican’timaginehimasateacher.A、teach;toworkB、teaches;workingC、teaches;toworkD、teach;working11、Shereachedthetopofthehillandstoppedonabigrockbythesideofthepath.A、tohaverestedB、restingC、torestD、rest12、IwouldlovetothepartylastnightbutIhadtoworkextrahourstofinishareport.A、togoB、tohavegoneC、goingD、havinggone13、Thesquirrelwasluckythatitjustmissed.A、catchingB、tobecaughtC、beingcaughtD、tocatch14、Whodidyouseeinthemiddleofthefrontrowthatmuchnoise?A、seated;makingB、sit;madeC、sitting;tomakeD、seating;tomake15、Whileshopping,peoplesometimescan’thelpintobuyingsomethingtheydon’treallyneed.A、topersuadeB、persuadingC、beingpersuaedD、bepersuaded16、Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketoseethenextyear.A、carryoutB、carryingoutC、carriedoutD、tocarryout17、----Thelightintheofficeisstillon.----Oh,Iforgot.A、turningitoffB、turnitoffC、toturnitoffD、havingturneditoff18、Iwonderifthisisthecomputeryouwant.A、tohaverepairedB、tohaveitrepairedC、ittoberepairedD、torepairit19、Doyouknowthedifficultyhehadsomanychildrenatschool?A、keepB、tohavekeptC、keepingD、kept20、Don’tworryabouthim,Mom.He’samanforallemergencies.A、preparingB、beingpreparedC、havingpreparedD、prepared21、isagoodformofexercisefor60thyoungandold.A、ThewalkB、WalkingC、TowalkD、Walk22、----IsBobstillperforming?----I’mafraidnot.Heissaidthestagealreadyashehasbecomeanofficial.A、tohaveleftB、toleaveC、tohavebeenleftD、tobeleft23、Heustocometothemeeting,butwedidn’t.A、persuadedB、triedtopersuadeC、advisedD、eitherBorC24、Heturnedandwenttosleepagain,thatitwasstillearly.A、tothinkB、andthoughtC、thinkingD、thought25、JohnSmith,bytwocompanies,isplanningtohaveathirdtry.A、beingturneddownB、refusedC、havingbeenturneddownD、toberefused26、JohnofenattendspubliclecturesattheUniversityofOxford,mainlyhisEnglish.A、toimproveB、improvingC、havingimprovedD、tohaveimproved27、pityonthesnakeledtohisowndeath.A、ThefarmertotakeB、ThefarmertakingC、Thefarmer’stakingD、Thefarmertook28、Theflowers”sweetinthebotanicgardenattractsthevisitorstothebeautyofnature.A、tosmellB、smellingC、smeltD、tobesmelt29、Whenfirsttothemarket,theseproductsenjoyedgreatsuccess.A、introducingB、introducedC、introduceD、beingintroduced30、ZhangHongissaidbyheart2000wordsuptonow.A、thatshehaslearnedB、tohavelearnedC、tolearnD、havinglearned31、”Ihopethedialogue,”saidthespokesman,”betweenthetwopresidentsnextweekwillgiveussomeactivesignals.”A、makingB、tomakeC、tobemadeD、made32、Allthings,theplannedtripwillhavetobecalledoff.A、consideredB、beconsideredC、consideringD、havingconsidered33、inthemountainsforaweek,thetwostudentswerefinallysavedbythelocalpolice.A、HavinglostB、LostC、BeinglostD、losing34、LastsummerItookacourseon.
46A、howtomakedressesB、howdressedbemadeC、howtobemadedressesD、howdressestobemade1-----5DADBB6---DBBCB11CBCAC16CCACD21BADCC26ACBBB31CABAManystudentsfeelthatapopularteachermustbekind76.andeasygoing.Heandsheshouldmaketheclassvery77.activeforjokingwiththestudents.However,thepopular78.teacherisatsametimetheonewhoshouldbestrictwith79.students.Lastyear,myEnglishteacherprovedtobethemore80.popularinourschool.Shewasusualpatientwithherstudents81.andnevermadethemdisappointed.Shealwaysstaysinfull82.controlofthesituations.Shealwaysmadesurethatour83.homeworkwasfinishedontime,butshemarkedstrictly84.onstudent’sactualperformance.85.76.it77.or78.by79.the80.most81.usually82.stayed83.√84.and85.students’/ourWhenpassingthebusstationinthewayhome,Ifoundalittle76.girlalonecrying.Obviously,shelost,lookingforhermother.77.Iwentupandaskedherwhy.Whenaskingwherehermother78.was,sheshookherhead,butkeptcrying.ThenItookhertothe79.stationofficeforahelp.“Anyonewho’slostachild,pleasecome80.toourbroadcastingroom…”wassoonhearingagainandagain.81.Minuteslater,aworryingmothercame.Thegirlrantoher82.happily,tearstillinhereyes.Themotherwasthankfulandasked83.myname.Withasmile,Ianswered,“I’maLeaguemember.84.IhavejustdonethataLeaguemembershoulddo.It’smyduty.”85.76.in→on77.lost后加was78.asking→asked79.but→and80.去掉第一个a81.hearing→heard82.worrying→worried83.tear→tears84.my前加for85.that→what高中英语非谓语动词考点一、考查不定式、现在分词与过去分词的基本区别从时间关系上看，不定式表未来，现在分词表进行，过去分词表完成，同时注意不定式和现在分词的完成式也表完成(尤其是表示有明显的先后关系的完成)；从主动与被动来看，不定式和现在分词表主动，过去分词表被动，同时注意不定式和现在分词的被动式也表被动(不定式的被动式在表被动的同时还兼表未来，现在分词的被动式表被动的同时还兼表进行)。如：1.Isendyou100dollarstoday,therest_____inayear.A.followsB.followedC.tofollowD.beingfollowed2._____fromothercontinentsformillionsofyears,Australiahasmanyplantsandanimalsnotfoundinanyothercountryintheworld.A.BeingseparatedB.HavingseparatedC.HavingbeenseparatedD.Tobeseparated二、考查非谓语动词的主动式与被动式结合句子意思，考察非谓语动词与相应逻辑主语的关系，若为主动关系，用主动式；若为被动关系，用被动式。此时要特别注意，过去分词没有相应的被动式，因为它本身可以表示被动。如：1.Therepairscostalot,butit’smoneywell_____.A.tospendB.spentC.beingspentD.spending2.Theprizeofthegameshowis＄30000andanallexpenses_____vacationtoChina.A.payingB.paidC.tobepaidD.beingpaid3.When_____help,oneoftensays,“Thankyou.”Or“It’skindofyou.”A.offeringB.toofferC.tobeofferedD.offered三、考查非谓语动词完成式的用法非谓语动词(不定式、动名词和现在分词)的完成式主要表示发生在谓语动作之前的动作。做题时要注意根据题干所提供的语境来推断这种先后关系。如：1.Thestormleft,_____alotofdamagetothisarea.A.causedB.tohavecausedC.tocauseD.havingcaused2.MoreandmorepeoplearesigningupforYogaclassesnowadays,_____advantageofthehealthandrelaxationbenefits.
47A.takingB.takenC.havingtakenD.havingbeentaken四、考查非谓语动词用作伴随状语在通常情况下，表伴随情况的应用现在分词。如：1.“Youcan’tcatchme!”Janetshouted,_____away.A.runB.runningC.torunD.ran2.Heglancedoverather,______thatthoughshewastiny,sheseemedverywellputtogether.A.notingB.notedC.tonoteD.havingnoted3.Daddydidn’tmindwhatweweredoing,aslongasweweretogether,_____fun.A.hadB.haveC.tohaveD.having五、考查非谓语动词用作目的状语在通常情况下，用作目的状语只能是不定式。如：1.“Cantheprojectbefinishedasplanned?”“Sure,_____itcompletedintime,we’llworktwomorehoursaday.”A.havinggotB.togetC.gettingD.get2.____moreaboutuniversitycourses,call(920)746-3789.A.TofindoutB.FindingoutC.FindoutD.Havingfoundout3.Itwasunbelievablethatthefanswaitedoutsidethegymforthreehoursjust_____alookatthesportsstars.(2005上海卷)A.hadB.havingC.tohaveD.have六、考查非谓语动词用作结果状语1.用现在分词表结果。如：Hefired,killingoneofthepassers-by.他开枪了，打死了一个过路人。Oilpriceshaverisenby32percentsincethestartoftheyear,_____arecordUS$57.65abarrelonApril4.A.havereachedB.reachingC.toreachD.tobereaching2.用不定式表结果。如：Hereturnedhometofindhiswifewaitingforhim.他回到家发现他的妻子在等他。Hehurriedtothestationonly______thatthetrainhadleft.A.tofindB.findingC.foundD.tohavefound七、考查非谓语动词用作宾语补足语原则上，所有的非谓语动词形式均可用作宾语补足语，其区别是：不定式表未来，或全过程，现在分词表进行，过去分词表完成和被动。如：1.Icouldn’tdomyhomeworkwithallthatnoise_____.A.goingonB.goesonC.wentonD.togoon2.Youshouldunderstandthetrafficrulebynow.You’vehadit_____oftenenoughA.explainingB.toexplainC.explainD.explained八、考查非谓语动词的逻辑主语问题按照英语习惯，非谓语动词的逻辑主语应与句子一致，否则就应调整句子结构。如：Whilewatchingtelevision,_____.A.thedoorbellrangB.thedoorbellringsC.weheardthedoorbellringD.weheardthedoorbellrings九、考查非谓语动词用作主语的问题原则上说，动词用作主语，只能是不定式或动名词，不能是分词形式。这类考题命题还往往用动词原形作为干扰项进行考查，同学们做题需引起注意。如：It’snecessarytobepreparedforajobinterview;_____theanswersreadywillbeofgreathelp.A.TohavehadB.HavinghadC.HaveD.Having十、考查“(be+)过去分词+介词”结构有一类“be+过去分词+介词”结构，如beinterestedin,beworriedabout,belostin,bedressedin等，也往往是命题的热点。如：1._____inthemountainsforaweek,thetwostudentswerefinallysavedbythelocalpolice.A.HavinglostB.LostC.BeinglostD.Losing2._____inawhiteuniform,helooksmorelikeacookthanadoctor.A.DressedB.TodressC.DressingD.Havingdressed十一、非谓语动词的综合考查有时命题者会将多个知识点综合起来进行考查，如在考查被动式的同时兼考完成式，在考查不定式的同时兼考分词，等等。如：1.Idon’twant_____likeI’mspeakingillofanybody,butthemanager’splanisunfair.A.tosoundB.tobesoundedC.soundingD.tohavesounded2.“IsBobstillperforming?”“I’mafraidnot.Heissaid_____thestagealreadyashehasbecomeanofficial.”A.tohaveleftB.toleaveC.tohavebeenleftD.tobeleft高考非谓语动词原题：1.Ilikegettingupveryearlyinsummer.Themorningairissogood______.
48A.tobebreathedB.tobreatheC.breathingD.beingbreathed2._______inthefieldsonaMarchafternoon,hecouldfeelthewarmthofspring.A.Towalk.B.WalkingC.WalkedD.Havingwalked3.______inthequeenforhalfanhour,theoldmansuddenlyrealizedbehadleftthechequeinthecar.A.WaitingB.TowaitC.HavingWaitedD.Tohavewaited4.–Canthose____atthebackoftheclassroomhearme?A.seatB.sitC.seatedD.sat5.Thetrees_____inthestormhavebeenmovedofftheroad.A.beingblowndownB.blowndownC.blowingdownD.toblowdown6._____theprojectasplanned,we’llhavetoworktwomorehoursaday.A.CompletingB.CompleteC.CompletedD.Tocomplete7.TolearnEnglishwell,weshouldfindopportunitiestohearEnglish______asmuchaswecan.A.speak.B.speakingC.spokenD.tospeak8.Lucy’snewjobpaidtwiceasmuchasshehadmade______intherestaurant.A.workingB.workC.toworkD.worked9.Ihearthey’vepromotedTom,buthedidn’tmention_____whenwetalkedonthephone.A.topromoteB.havingbeenpromotedC.havingpromotedD.tobepromoted10.Wefinishedtheruninlessthanhalfthetime____.A.allowingB.toallowC.allowedD.allows11.Hewasbusywritingastory,only______onceinawhiletosmokeacigarette.A.tostopB.stoppingC.tohavestoppedD.havingstopped12._________aroundtheWaterCube,wewerethentakentoseetheBird’sNestforthe2008OlympicGames.A.HavingshownB.TobeshownC.HavingbeenshownD.Toshow13.Wehadananxiouscoupleofweeks_____fortheresultsoftheexperiment.A.waitB.tobewaitingC.waitedD.waiting14.______thathewasingreatdanger,Ericwalkeddeeperintotheforest.A.NotrealizedB.NottorealizeC.NotrealizingD.Nottohaverealized15.Itisoneofthefunniestthings______ontheInternetsofarthisyear.A.findingB.beingfoundC.tofindD.found16.______thatshewasgoingofftosleep,Iaskedifshe’dlikethatlittledollonherbed.A.SeeingB.ToseeC.SeeD.Seen17.–Didthebookgivetheinformationyouneeded?–Yes.But_____it,Ihadtoreadtheentirebook.A.tofindB.findC.tofindingD.finding18.Ifeelgreatlyhonored____intotheirsociety.A.towelcomeB.welcomingC.tobewelcomedD.welcomed19._____theirhatsintotheair,thefansofthewinningteamletoutloudshoutsofvictory.A.TothrowB.ThrownC.ThrowingD.Beingthrown20.__toreachthemonthephone,wesentanemailinstead.A.FailB.FailedC.TofailD.Havingfailed21.Mysister,aninexperiencedrider,wasfoundsittingonthebicycle___tobalanceit.A.havingtriedB.tryingC.totryD.tried22.Ifthereisalotofwork___,I"mhappytojustkeeponuntilitisfinished.A.todoB.tobedoingC.doneD.doing23.Somethingassimpleas___somecoldwatermayclearyourmindandrelievepressure.A.todrinkB.drinkingC.tobedrinkingD.drunk24.Ideally___forBroadwaytheatreandFifthAvenue,theNewYorkParkhotelisafavouritewithmanyguests.A.locatingB.beinglocatedC.havingbeenlocatedD.located1BBCCB6DCABC11ACDCD16AACCD21BABD2011高考非谓真题汇总1.Tomaskedthecandymakersiftheycouldmakethechocolateeasier_____intosmallpieces.A.breakB.breakingC.brokenD.tobreak2.ThedifferenceinthicknessandweightfromtheearlierversionmakestheiPad2morecomfortableA.heldB.holdingC.beheldD.tohold3.It’simportantforthefiguresregularly.A.tobeupdatedB.tohavebeenupdatedC.toupdateD.tohaveupdated4.Sitdown,Emma.Youwillonlymakeyourselfmoretired,onyourfeet.A.tokeepB.keepingC.havingkeptD.tohavekept5.Doyouwakeupeverymorning______energeticandreadytostartanewday?A.feelB.tofeelC.feelingD.felt6.TsinghuaUniversity,in1911,ishometoagreatnumberofoutstandingfigures.(福建23’)
49A.foundB.foundingC.foundedD.tobefounded7.Theability_______anideaisasimportantastheideaitself.(湖南21’)A.expressingB.expressedC.toexpressD.tobeexpressed8.Theplayers_______fromthewholecountryareexpectedtobringushonorinthissummergame.(湖南23’)A.selectingB.toselectC.selectedD.havingselected9.aroundthefire,thetouristsdancedwiththelocalpeople.(辽宁30’)A.GatherB.TogatherC.GatheringD.Tobegathering10.Thefactthatsomanypeoplestillsmokeinpublicplace_______thatwemayneedanationwidecampaigntoraiseawarenessoftheriskofsmoking.(江苏22’)A.suggestB.suggestsC.suggestedD.suggesting11.Recentlyasurvey_______pricesofthesamegoodsintwodifferentsupermarketshascausedheateddebateamongcitizens.(江苏31’)A．comparedB．comparingC．comparesD．beingcompared12.Clairehadluggageanhourbeforeherplaneleft.(陕西14’)A.checkB.checkingC.tocheckD.checked13.MorehighwayshavebeenbuiltinChina,______itmucheasierforpeopletotravelfromoneplacetoanother.A.makingB.madeC.tomakeD.havingmade14.Lookoverthere---there’saverylong,windingpath______uptothehouse.A.leadingB.leadsC.ledD.tolead15.Passengersarepermitted_____onlyonepieceofhandluggageontotheplane.A.tocarryB.carryingC.tobecarriedD.beingcarried16.______intoEnglish,thesentencewasfoundtohaveanentirelydifferentwordorder.A.TranslatingB.TranslatedC.TotranslateD.Havingtranslated17.Batsaresurprisinglylong-livedcreatures,some______alifespanofaround20years.A.havingB.hadC.haveD.tohave18.Eventhebestwritersfindthemselves_______forwords.(浙江14’)A.loseB.lostC.toloseD.havinglost19.Iftheywinthefinaltonight,theteamaregoingtotouraroundthecity______bytheirenthusiasticsupporters.A.beingcheeredB.becheeredC.tobecheeredD.werecheered20.MoreTVprograms,accordingtogovernmentofficials,willbeproducedpeople’sconcernoverfoodsafety.A.toraiseB.raisingC.tohaveraisedD.havingraised21.MichaelputupapictureofYaoMingbesidethebedtokeephimself________ofhisowndreams.A.remindingB.toremindC.remindedD.remind22.Lidiadoesn’tfeellikeabroad.Herparentsareold.（四川2’）A.studyB.studyingC.studiedD.tostudy23.Simonmadeabigbambooboxthelittlesickbirdtillitcouldfly.A.keepB.keptC.keepingD.tokeep(四川11’)24.animportantroleinanewmovie,Andyhasgotachancetobecomefamous.A.OfferB.OfferingC.OfferedD.Tooffer25.Thenextthinghesawwassmokefrombehindthehouse.A.roseB.risingC.toriseD.risen(新课标27’)26.Theisland,_____tothemainlandbyabridge,iseasytogoto.(全国卷15’)A.joiningB.tojoinC.joinedD.havingjoined27.Sarahpretendedtobecheerful,______nothingabouttheargument.A.saysB:saidC.tosayD.saying(全国卷18’)Keys：DDABC;CCCCB;BDAAA;BABCA;CBDCB;CD书面表达练习背诵用英语为青岛海尔集团写一则广告。要点如下：1、靠科技求发展；2、产品有电冰箱，电视机，空调等；3、其产品曾在全国家电评比中获第一；4、集团视顾客为上帝，售后服务好；5、海尔系列产品畅销国内外。联系地址：青岛绍兴路68号；电话：0532—3839999；E-mail：haier@com.cn通知时间：12月19日。HaierGroupisoneofthemostfamousenterprisesofChina.TheseriesproductsoftheGroupincluderefrigerators,TVsets,air-conditionersandsoon,whichsellwellbothathomeandabroad.HaierGrouphasalwaysbeendevelopingbyrelyingonscienceandtechnology.Itsseriesproductshavegotthefirstplaceinthenationalelectricalhomeapplianceappraisal.TheGroupregardsthecustomersasthe"God"oftheenterpriseandhasthebestafter-saleservice.Weareverythankfulforyourbuyingourproducts.Pleasecontact:68ShaoxingRoad,Qingdao,ChinaTel:0532-3839999E-mail:haier@com.cn
50DearAnish,HerearetheinformationaboutManchesterUniversity.76.Itisabout200milesfarawayfromLondon,andit77.hasaverybigschoolyard.Youcanliveintheschool78.orneartheschool.Theyhaveallsortsofcourse.79.I’msureyouwillfindoneyoulikeit.Iknowyou80.areparticularinterestedinHumanRights.SoIwill81.seethatthereisanythingontheirwebsite(网址)。82.I’llsendmyfriendCharliemeetyouattheairport83.Whenyouarrived.Youmethimafewyearsago,buthe84.haschangedalotsincethen,BothyourauntorIlook85.forwardtoseeingyouagain.76.are→is77.去掉far78.√79.course→courses80.去掉it81.particular→particularly82.that→if/whether83.meet前加to84.arrived→arrive85.or→and独立主格结构与with的复合结构一独立结构的构成：只有当分词短语的逻辑主语和句子主语不一致时，我们才能用独立结构。独立结构只用做状语，多用于书面语言。常见的独立结构有以下几种：(一)名词/代词+分词（包括现在分词和过去分词）：Theriverhavingriseninthenight,thecrossingwasimpossible..Allthingsconsidered,IthinkweoughttogivethejobtoGeorge.（二）名词/代词+形容词：Hewassilentforamoment,hislipstight.(表示伴随情况)（三）名词/代词+不定式：Herearethefirsttwoparties,thethirdonetocomeoutnextmonth.(表示补充说明)（四）名词/代词+副词：Thewarover,alltheChinesepeople’svolunteerscamebacktoChina.(表示补充说明)(五)名词/代词+介词（短语）Hewentoff,guninhand.(表示伴随情况)此外，还有几种特殊情况：Generallyspeaking,thisfilmisworthseeing.Judgingbyhisaccent,shemustbefromChengdu.二独立结构在句子中的作用。表示时间：Hishomeworkdone,Jimdecidedtogoandseetheplay.(=Afterhishomeworkwasdone,hedecidedtogoandseetheplay.)表示原因：Thelastbushavinggone,wehadtowalkhome.(=Becausethelastbushavinggone,wehadtowalkhome.)表示条件：Weatherpermitting,we’llgoforanoutingtomorrow.(=Ifweatherpermitting,we’llgoforanoutingtomorrow.)表示伴随情况或伴随状况：Thechildsattheremotionless,hiseyesfixedontheguest.with引导的独立主格结构
51介词withwithout+宾语+宾语的补足语可以构成独立主格结构，独立主格结构的几种情况在此结构中都能体现。A．with+名词代词+形容词Hedoesn’tliketosleepwiththewindowsopen.在“with+名词代词+形容词”构成的独立主格结构中，也可用形容词化的-ing形式或-ed形式。Withhissonsodisappointing，theoldmanfeltunhappy.由于儿子如此令人失望,老人感到很不快乐。Withhisfatherwell-known,theboydidn’twanttostudy.父亲如此出名，儿子不想读书。B．with+名词代词+副词Ourschoollooksevenmorebeautifulwithallthelightson.C．with+名词代词+介词短语Hestoodatthedoor,withacomputerinhishand.或Hestoodatthedoor,computerinhand.D．with+名词代词+动词的-ed形式Withhishomeworkdone,Peterwentouttoplay.作业做好了，彼得出去玩了。E．with+名词代词+动词的-ing形式Themanfeltveryhappywithsomanychildrensittingaroundhim.有这么多的孩子坐在他周围，那男子感到很高兴。F．with+名词代词+动词不定式Thelittleboylookssad,withsomuchhomeworktodo.有这么多的家庭作业要做，小男孩看上去很不开心。提示：在withwithout的复合结构中，多数情况下with能省略，但without不能省略。Withoutawordmorespoken,sheleftthemeetingroom.她没再说什么话就离开了会议室。（without不能省略）注意:1)独立主格结构使用介词的问题：当介词是in时，其前后的两个名词均不加任何成分（如物主代词或冠词），也不用复数。但with的复合结构不受限制Arobberburstintotheroom,knifeinhand.(hand前不能加his)。2)当表人体部位的词做逻辑主语时，及物动词用过去分词，不及物动词用现在分词。Helaythere,histeethset,hishandclenched,hiseyeslookingstraightup.1.Isendyou100dollarstoday,therest_______inayear.A.followsB.followedC.tofollowD.beingfollowed2.Allthings_______,IthinkweoughttogivethejobtoGeorge.A.consideredB.consideringC.toconsiderD.beingconsidered3.Theriver_______inthenight,thecrossingwasimpossible.A.toriseB.roseC.havingrisenD.beingrisen4.Moretime_______,weshouldhavedonethejobmuchbetter.A.togiveB.giveC.beinggivenD.given5.Weshallplaythematchtomorrow,weather_______.A.permetsB.permittingC.topermitD.permitted6.Themonitor_______ill,we’dbetterputthemeetingoff.A.beingB.tobeC.beenD.tohavebeen7.Animportantlecture_______giventomorrow,theprofessorhastostayuplateintothenight.A.tobeB.beingC.beenD.tohavebeen8.Hewaslyingonthegrass,hishands_______underhishead.A.tocrossB.crossedC.crossingD.tobecrossing9.Tom_______lateoverandover,hisbosswasverydisappointed.A.havingbeenB.beenC.tobeD.tobeing10.Otherthings_______equal,Iwouldbuytheblackdressnotthewhiteone.A.beingB.tobeC.beenD.havingbeen1—5CACDB6—10AABAA反意疑问句特殊情况归纳1)陈述部分的主语是I，疑问部分要用aren"tI.I"mastallasyoursister，aren"tI?2)陈述部分的谓语是wish，疑问部分要用may+主语Iwishtohaveawordwithyou,mayI?3)陈述部分用no,nothing,nobody,never,few,seldom,hardly,rarely,little,none,nowhere,等否定含义的词时，疑问部分用肯定含义。TheSwedemadenoanswer,didhe/she?4)含有oughtto的反意疑问句，陈述部分是肯定的，疑问部分用shouldn"t/oughtn"t+主语。在正式文体中，用“ought/should+主语+not”结构Heoughttoknowwhattodo,oughtn"the?/shouldn"the?或oughthenot?/shouldhenot
525)陈述部分有haveto+v.(hadto+v.)，疑问部分常用don"t+主语（didn"t+主语）Wehavetogetthereateighttomorrow,don"twe?6)陈述部分的谓语是usedto时，疑问部分用didn"t+主语或usedn"t+主语Heusedtotakepicturesthere,didn"the?/usedn"the?7)陈述部分有hadbetter+v.疑问句部分用hadn"tyou?You"dbetterreaditbyyourself,hadn"tyou?8)陈述部分有wouldrather+v.，疑问部分多用wouldn"t+主语Hewouldratherreadittentimesthanreciteit,wouldn"the?9)陈述部分有You"dliketo+v.疑问部分用wouldn"t+主语。You"dliketogowithme,wouldn"tyou?10)陈述部分有must的疑问句，要区分以下四种情况。a.mustbe作“想必”解，对现在，将来情况表示推测时，问句部分用be动词的限定式即“aren’t(isn’t)+主语“构成如：Hemustbeadoctor,isn"the?b.陈述句的谓语动词是“must+have+P.P.”即对过去情况推测时，若有过去时间状语，问句用“didn’t/wasn’t+主语“构成，若没有过去时间状语，问句则用have动词限定式，即“haven’t(hasn’t)+主语“构成,如：Shemusthavebeenhereyesterday,wasn’tshe?Youmusthavemethimyesterday,didn’tyou?HemusthavebeentoBeijing,hasn’the?c.当must表示“有必要”时，问句部分则用needn’tImustdoitrightnow,needn’tI?d.mustn’t表示“禁止”意义时，问句部分一般用must.Youmustn’tsmokehere,mustyou?11)感叹句中，疑问部分用be+主语。Whatcolours,aren"tthey?Whatasmell,isn"tit?12)陈述部分由neither…nor,either…or连接的并列主语时，疑问部分根据其实际逻辑意义而定。NeitheryounorIamengineer,arewe?13)陈述部分主语是指示代词或不定代词everything,that,nothing,this,疑问部分主语用it。Everythingisready,isn"tit?14)陈述部分为主语从句或并列复合句，疑问部分有三种情况：a.并列复合句疑问部分，谓语动词根据邻近从句的谓语而定。但both…and…并列主语时，后只用复数如：Mr.SmithhadbeentoBeijingforseveraltimes,heshouldhavebeeninChinanow,shouldn"the?b.带有定语从句，宾语从句的主从复合句，疑问部分谓语根据主句的谓语而定：Heisnotthemanwhogaveusatalk,ishe?HesaidhewantedtovisitJapan,didn"the?c.陈述句为“I（don’t）think,believe,expect,suppose,imagine,guess,reckon)+宾语从句”结构时，问句应和从句保持一致，并用肯定（否定形式）如：Idon"tthinkheisbright,ishe?以上情况，只有当主句的主语是第一人称单数形式时，才能成立，若句子的主语为其他人称与数时，反问句仍与主句保持一致如：Hethinksyoutwohavemetbefore,doesn’the?15)陈述部分主语是不定代词everybody,anyone,somebody,nobody,noone,everyone等，疑问部分常用复数they，有时也用单数heNobodyknowsaboutit,dothey?(doeshe?)Everyoneknowstheanswer,don"tthey?(doeshe?)Noonewashurtintheaccident,werethey?16)带情态动词dare或need的反意疑问句，疑问部分常用need(dare)+主语Weneednotdoitagain,needwe?Hedarenotsayso,darehe?当dare,need为实义动词时，疑问部分用助动词do+主语Shedoesn"tdaretogohomealone,doesshe?Sheneedstodoit,doesn’tshe?17)省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句，疑问部分用willyouDon"tdothatagain,willyou?Gowithme,willyou/won"tyou?注意：Let"s开头的祈使句，后用shallwe?Let"sgoandlistentothemusic,shallwe?Letus开头的祈使句，后用willyou?Letuswaitforyouinthereading-room,willyou?18)陈述部分是"therebe"结构的，疑问部分用there省略主语代词Thereissomethingwrongwithyourwatch,isn"tthere?Therewillnotbeanytrouble,willthere?19)否定前缀不能视为否定词，其反意疑问句仍用否定形式
53Itisimpossible,isn"tit?Heisnotunkindtohisclassmates,ishe?20)One作陈述句的主语时，问句中主语用one(正式用语)或you(非正式用语)。如：Onecan’tbetoosure,canyou?/canone?21)陈述部分的主语如果是主语从句、不定式、动名词时，附加问句部分应用it,如：Whatyouneedismorepractice,isn’tit?TolearnEnglishwellisn’teasy,isn’tit?22)陈述部分用so开头，附加部分采用“同向”疑问，即肯定的陈述句用肯定的问句，否定的陈述句用否定的问句，来表示惊讶、怀疑、不满等情绪如：Soyouaregettingmarried,areyou?Soyoudon’tlikemycooking,don’tyou?23)在口语中，当对某人的话表示讥讽或怀疑时，往往简略重复对方话后再加上简短问句，要么都用肯定形式，要么都用否定形式。如：Tomtoldmehesawabearlastnight.Hedid,didhe?Youmustn’tlistentohisstory.Oh,Imustn’t,mustn’tI?1.It’safineday,Let’sgofishing,_____?A.won’tweB.willweC.don’tweD.shallwe2.Frankisworkinglateagain.Thisisthefirsttimethisweekhe’shadtostudylate,____?A.isn’theB.hasn’titC.hasn’theD.isn’tit3.—Daddy’sforgottoposttheletteragain,____?—I’mafraidhe___.A.has;hasB.isn’t;isC.hasn’t;hasD.has;hasn’t4.—Sorry,I’mnotfeelingwellandIdon’tthinkIcanfinish.—Don’tworry.Letusdoitforyou,____?A.willyouB.shallweC.shan’tweD.shallyou5.Idon’tthinkhecouldhavedonesuchastupidthinglastnight,____?A.doIB.couldheC.didheD.hashe6.—Thegroundiswet.—Itmusthaverainedlastnight,____?A.hasn’titB.didn’titC.mustn’titD.isn’tit7.—Jennydoesn’tthinkthatRobertishonest,___?—I’mafraidnot.A.isheB.isn’theC.doessheD.doesn’tshe8.—Thenewwindowsneedwashing.—Well,let’swashthemtogether,____?A.shallweB.willyouC.shouldweD.wouldyou9.Thereislittlewecandoaboutit,____?A.isthereB.can’tweC.isn’tthereD.canwe10.—Theproblemwasn’tdifficultforhim,wasit?—______.Heshouldhavebeengivenamoredifficultone.A.No,itwasB.Yes,itwasC.Yes,itwasn’tD.No,itwasn’t答案DDCACBCAAD1.Hewouldn"twaitinlinethenextday,____________________?2.ShehasbeenlearningEnglish,____________________?3.Wecan"ttakethebooksout,___________________?4.Hehastogohomeonfoot,___________________?5.Youhaven"thadyourlunch___________________?6.Wehavenothingtoeat,___________________?7.Theydislikethebook,___________________?8.Thereusedtobeapostofficeinthestreet,___________________?10.Wemusthandintheexercises,___________________?11.Youdaretojumpoffthewall,___________________?12.Hemadeafewmistakesinhisexercises,___________________?13Shemustbeamusiclover,___________________?15.Idon"tthinkyou"reserious,___________________?16.Letusdothejobsbyourselves,___________________?18.Dothehomeworkbyyourselves,___________________?19Let"senterthehall,___________________?20.Youmusthaveseenhimyesterday,___________________?答案1.wouldhe2.hasn"tshe3.canwe4.doesn"the5.haveyou6.havewe7.don"tthey8.usedn"tthere9.didn"the10.mustn"twe11.don"tyou12.didn"the13.isn"tshe14.don"tyou15.areyou16.willyou17.Yes18.willyou19.willyou20.didn"t
54ThereisapubliclibraryineverytowninBritain.Anyone76.Canborrowbooksifheorshewish.Insomeplaceyou77.Mayborrowasmorebooksasyouneed,butinothers78.Youarelimitedinacertainnumberofbooks.Youmay79.Keepthebooksforseveralweekssoasyoucanhave80.Enoughtimetofinishit.Ifthebookyouwantisout81.Youmayaskittobekeptforyou.Mostpubliclibraries82.Alsohaveareading-room,thatyoucansitatthedesk83.Andreadthedailynewspapers,magazinesandtheother84.Books,butyouarenotpermittotakethemout.85.76.对77.wish-wishes78.more-many79.in-to80.as-that81.it-tjem82.在it前加for83.that-where84.去掉theother中的the85.permit-permitted假定你是李华,你的英国朋友Peter来信向你咨询如何才能学好中文.请你根据下列要点写回信.要点:1.参加中文学习班;2.看中文书刊、电视；3.学唱中文歌曲；4.交中国朋友。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头语已为你写好。June8,2008DearPeter,I’mgladtoreceiveyourletteraskingformyadviceonhowtolearnChinesewell.Hereareafewsuggestions.First,itisimportanttotakeaChinesecourse,asyou’llbeabletolearnfromtheteacherandpracticewithyourfellowstudents.Then,italsohelpstowatchTVandreadbooks,newspapersandmagazinesinChinesewheneverpossible.Besides,itshouldbeagoodideatolearnandsingChinesesongs,becausebydoingsoyou’lllearnandrememberChinesewordsmoreeasily.YoucanalsomakemoreChinesefriends.TheywilltellyoualotaboutChinaandhelpyoulearnChinese.TryandwritemeinChinesenexttime.Bestwishes全倒装使用场合例句“Therebe”句型，表示“有、存在、出现”。Therearemanystudentsintheclassroom..“There(Here,Now,Then)+come(go,be)+Therecomesthebus.车来了。主语句型中，Now,There并不表时间和地Theregoesthebell.铃响了。点。Nowcomesyourturn.唉，轮到你了。方位副词down,up,in,out,away等开头的句Outwentthechildren.孩子们出去了。子，谓语是一个不及物动词，只把谓语提到Awaywenttheboy.那男孩走了。主语前即可。Southofthecityliesabigfactory.城南有个大工厂。句首状语为表示地点的介词短语时。Fromthevalleycameafrighteningsound.峡谷方向传来一声令人恐怖的声音。PresentatthemeetingwasMrSmith,MrWhite,andotherguests.出席会议的有史密斯先生，怀特先生和另外的客人。表语置于句首，即“表语（形容词，过去分Gonearedayswhenweusedforeignoil”.我们使用“洋油”的词，介词短语）+主语”倒装结构。时代一去不复返了。AmongthegoodsareChirstmastrees,flowers,candles,andtoys.产品中有圣诞树、花、蜡烛和玩具。
55HehasbeentoBeijing.SohaveI.他到过北京，我也到过。用于so,neither,nor开头的句子，表示相同的Ihaveneverbeenthere.Norhashe.我没有到过那里，他也没概念肯定或否定回答时。有。直接引语放在句首时，而且主语为名词。“Youmustcomeback”,saidthemother.母亲说：“你必须回来。表示祝愿的句子，习惯用倒装语序，而且谓Longlivethepeople.人民万岁。语动词用原形。半倒装使用的场合例句WereIyou,Iwouldtryagain.我要是你，就要再试一试。用于省略if的虚拟条件状语从句（虚拟条件Hadyoureviewedyourlessons,youmighthavepassedthe状语从句谓语动词有were,had,should,可省examination.如果你要复习那课文，就会通过考试的。去if,将这三词置于主语之前）。Shoulditrain,thecropswouldbesaved.如果下雨，庄稼就有救了。Prettyassheis,sheisnotclever.她虽然可爱，但并不聪明。As/through引导的让步状语从句，常把表Tryashewould,hemightfailagain.尽管他试了，但还是没成语、状语置于句首，引起半倒装。功。NosoonerhadIreachedthebusstopthanthebusstarted.Nosooner…than…;HardlyhadIreachedthebusstopwhenthebusstarted.我一到Hardly…when;车站，车就开了。Notuntil…;Notuntiltheteachercamedidhefinishhishomework.。直到老notonly…butalso…句型中，前半个分句要师来了他才完成作业。倒装。NotonlyEnglishdoeshelike,butalsoChinese.他不仅喜欢英语，而且喜欢汉语。So/such…that句型中，so+adj,/adv.置于句首Soeasyisitthataboycanlearnit.这么容易，孩子也能学会。频度副词always,often,once出现在句首Oftendidwewarnthemnottodoso.时，句子要倒装。Alwayswillweremembertheimportanceofthemeeting.OnlythisafternoondidIfinishthenovel.只有到了今天下午，我才看完这部小说。.Only引导的状语，包括状语从句置于句首。OnlyinthiswaycanyoumasterEnglish.只有用这种方法，你才能掌握英语。NotasinglewordhaveIwrittendown.我一个字也没写下来。Never,hardly,seldom,rarely,not,NevershallIdothisagain.我再也不做这个了。atnotime(在任何时候都不)，few,little置于Littledidheknowwhothewomanwas.他几乎不清楚这位妇句首。人是谁。不倒装情况归纳使用的条件例句Here,there开头的句子常倒装，但句子主语Hereyouare./Hereitis.给你。为代词时不倒装。Herehecomes.他来了。Out,in,up,down,away等副词开头的句子常Awayhewent.他走开了。倒装，但如句子主语为代词时，不倒装。Upitwent.它上去了。句首状语为表示地点的介词短语，常倒装，Atthetopofthehill,itstoodoutagainstthesky.它背对青天矗但如句子主语为代词，也不倒装。立在山顶上。
56Only引导状语置于句首常倒装，但其后的OnlyWangLiknowsthis.仅王丽知道此事。词组若不是状语，则不倒装。Childasheis,heknowsalittleEnglish.他虽然是个孩子，但懂点英语。（不带冠词）MuchasIshouldliketoseeyou,IamafraidyoucouldnotAs引导的让步状语从句中，表语、状语或come.虽然我特别愿意看见你，但恐怕你还是不能来。实意动词常放在as主语前，但主谓不倒装。Saywhatasyouwill,Iwon’tchangemymind.不管你怎么说，我的主意不会变。Youngasheis，heknowsalotofthings.HelikesnotonlyEnglishbutalsoChinese.他不仅喜欢英语，Hardly…when句型如不置于句首，就不倒而且喜欢汉语。装。Hehadhardlyarrivedwhenitbegantosnow.他刚刚达到，就下起雪来。So开头的句子，如不是表示相同概念肯定Thestudentsworkhard.Sotheydo.学生的学习很用功。.回答，而是重复前句内容，主语为同一人或他们确实用功。物，则主语不倒装。Mayyoulivetobeahundred!祝你长寿！May开头的祝愿句子主谓不倒装。Mayyousucceed!祝你成功！MayGodblessyou!愿上帝保佑你！高考真题1）______youeatthecorrectfoods______beabletokeepfitandstayhealthy.A.Onlyif;willyouB.Onlyif;youwillC.Unless;willyouD.Unless;youwill2）Itwasannouncedthatonlywhenthefirewasundercontrol___toreturntotheirhomes.A.theresidentswouldbepermittedB.hadtheresidentsbeenpermittedC.weretheresidentspermitted3）Billwasn’thappyaboutthedelayofthereportbyJason,and______.A.IwasneitherB.neitherwasIC.IwaseitherD.eitherwasI4）Notuntilthemotorbikelookedalmostnew_________repairingandcleaningit.A.hestoppedB.didhestopC.stoppedheD.hedidstop5)Somuchofinterest___thatmostvisitorssimplyrunoutoftimebeforeseeingitall.A.offersBeijingB.Beijingoffers/C.doesBeijingofferD.Beijingdoesoffer6）OnlywhenIleftmyparentsforItaly__howmuchIlovedthem.A.IrealizedB.IhadrealizedC.hadIrealizedD.didIrealize专题训练1.Ican’trideabike,.A.neithermysistercanB.neithercanmysisterC.mysistercanneitherD.mysistercannottoo2.readsuchaninterestingbook.A.SeldomhaveIB.SeldomIhaveC.SeldomdidIhaveD.SeldomIhas3.1wonderifyourwifewillgototheball.Ifyourwife_____,so_____mine.A.does;willB.will;doesC.will;wouldD.does;do4.OnlyafterIreadthetextoveragain_____itsmainidea.A.thatIknewB.didIknowC.IcouldknowD.Ididknow5.—YouseemtohavelearnedalltheEnglishwordsbyheart---_________.A.SoIdoB.SodoIC.SoIhaveD.Sohave16.Soexcited_____thathecouldn"tsayaword.A.heseemedB.didheseemC.washeseemingD.hedidlook
577.Jimmywassonervousnotasingleword_____downinthedictation.A.hewroteB.hewaswrittenC.didhewriteD.washewritten8.____washiskindnessthateveryonepraisedhim.A.ItB.WhatC.SoD.Such9.____,hewouldhavepassedtheexam.A.IfheweretostudyB.IfhestudiedhardC.HadhestudiedhardD.Shouldhestudyhard10----Davidhasmadegreatprogressrecently.----____,and____.A.Sohehas,sohaveyouB.Sohehas,soyouhaveC.Sohashe,sohaveyouD.Sohashe,soyouhave11.Nosooner____theyrushedoutintothestreet.A.didtheyhearthenewsthanB.didtheyhearthenewswhenC.hadtheyheardthenewsthanD.hadtheyheardthenewswhen12.Hewasunabletomakesuchprogress,____.A.hardashetriedB.ashardhetriedC.hardhehastriedD.triedhardashe13..----Here____!WhereisXiaoLiu?----There____.A.comesthebus,isheB.comesthebus,heisC.thebuscomes,isheD.thebuscomes,heis14.Notonly_____apromise,butalsohekeptit.A.didhemakeB.hemadeC.doeshemakeD.hashemade15.Notuntilhearrivedhome_____hefindthatthiswallethadbeenstolen.A.didB.wouldC.whenD.that16..Nowhereelseintheworld_____cheapertailoring（裁缝业,成衣业）thaninHongKong.A.atouristcanfindB.canatouristfindC.atouristwillfindD.atouristhasfound17..____aniceman____thatweallbelievehim.A.So;didheseemB.So;heseemedC.Such;heseemedD.Such;didheseem18.._____,heneverseemsabletodotheworkbeautifully.A.TryashedoesB.AshetriesC.TryasdoesheD.Astryhedoes19.Socarelessly_____thathealmostkilledhimself.A.hedrivesB.doeshedriveC.didhedriveD.hedroveWhenoursixchildrenwereyoung，suppertimeisalways76.beinginterruptedbyneighborhoodchildrenringthebell.77.Theywantedonechildoranothertocomeoutandplayed.78.Finallywehadgoodidea.Wehungasignonthefront79.doorthatwasread：“We’rehavingdinner.Comeback80.later.”Thatnight，wesatdowntowhattheythoughtwould81.beapleasant，uninterruptedmeals.Butassoonaswe82.begandinner，thedoorbellrang.Onthefrontdoorstooda83.five-year-oldboyfromacrossthestreet.Helookedup84.atusandsaid，“Ijustwanttoknowwhatthesignsay.”85.76.was77.ringing78.play79.a80.was81.we82.meal83.At84√85.saysACBBCD1-5BAABA6-10BCDCA11-15CABAA16-BDAC2011高考英语作文预测及范文：网上交友假设你是李华，在互联网上看到英国高中生David登的一则启事：希望结识一位中国朋友，以便学习中国的语言、文化。请你以李华的名义用英文给David发一封电子邮件，主要内容包括：(1)你怎样得知David的愿望;(2)你愿意成为他的朋友;(3)你打算如何帮助他;(4)你盼望他的回复。【构思点拨】该命题属于应用文，需符合电子邮件的格式要求。在写作过程中要抓住要点提示，做到不遗漏、不重复，并注意保持书信语言的简洁性和精炼性。
58DearDavid,I"velearneditfromtheInternetthatyouwanttomakeaChinesefriendsoastolearntheChineselanguageandculture.I"mgladthatyoushowsuchgreatinterestinChinaandIworldliketobeyourfriend.IwilltrymybesttowritetoyouasoftenaspossibletointroduceyoutheChineseculture.WhenyouhaveanopportunitytocometoChina,I"llteachyouhowtospeakChineseandshowyouaroundsomefamoushistoricalplacesofinterest.Anyway,IamgoingtohelpyouasmuchasIcan.Howdoyouthink?I"mlookingforwardtoyourreply.Yourssincerely,虚拟语气虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。表达方式：用过去表现在，用过去完成表过去，用过去将来表将来。对没发生的虚拟，用(should)doIfIwereyou,Iwouldstudyhard.1．虚拟语气在条件句中的用法（1）若表示与现在事实相反的假设，则条件从句中用过去式；不用was,用were，主句中用过去将来式（would，should，could，might+动词原形）；IwouldcertainlygoifIhadtime．（现在）Ifhewerehere，wecouldaskhim．（现在）IfIknewGerman，Iwouldreadthepapertoyou．（现在）（2）若表示与过去事实相反的假设，从句中用过去完成式，主句中用过去将来完成式（should，would，could，might+have+过去分词）。如：IfIhadsetoffalittleearlier，Iwouldhavecaughtthetrain．Shewould/mighthavecomeifshehadn"tbeensobusy．IfIhadn"ttakenyouradvice，Iwouldhavemadeabadmistake．（3）与将来事实相反的假设，从句用a)过去式；或b)should+动词原形；或c)wereto+动词原形，主句用“should，would，could，might+do”Ifitshouldrain，wewouldn"tgoout.（将来）Ifitweretoraintomorrow,themeetingwouldbeputoff.Ifyoucametomorrow,wewouldhavethemeeting.
59(4)含有虚拟语气的条件状语从句中，如有had，should，were这三个词的话，在正式或书面语言中可将if省略，再将句子的主语和谓语动词实行全部倒装或部分倒装。如：Hadtheytime（=Iftheyhadtime），theywouldcertainlycomeandhelpus．Shoulditbefine（=Ifitshouldbefine），wewouldgoforanouting．WereIyou（=IfIwereyou），Iwouldgo．（5）若主句从句所指的时间不一致，即条件从句表示与过去事实相反，主句表示与现在事实相反；或者条件从句表示与现在事实相反，主句表真实情况，则从句中应采用与具体时间相对应的虚拟形式。（错综虚拟语气）如：Ifithadrainedlastnight（过去），Itwouldbeverycoldtoday（现在）．IfIhadtakenyouradvice（过去），Ishouldhavenotroublewiththeworknow（现在）．Mybrotherhasbeensickfortwoyears.Ifhewereinbetterhealth,myparentswouldhaveallowedhimtoworkaloneinCanadalastmonth.2．虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法1)在动词suggest，order，demand，propose，request，command，insist,advise,decide,prefer,require,等后的宾语从句中，用虚拟语气（即Should+动词原形或只用动词原形）来表示愿望、建议、命令、请求等。Isuggestthatwe（should）setoffatonce．Thedoctorinsistedthatthepatient(should)beX-rayed．Insist,suggest这两动词后的宾语从句，有两种情况，一是insist作“坚持说”，suggest作“暗示，”讲时，后面宾语从句都不用虚拟语气，而用陈述语气。但当insist作“坚决要求”，suggest作“建议”讲时，它们的宾语从句要用虚拟语气“（should+）动词原形“误：Yourpalefacesuggeststhatyou(should)beill.误：Iinsistedthatyou(should)bewrong.2)wish后面的从句时态可以有以下几种情况表示与现在事实相反用一般过去时：HowIwishIhadamemoryasgoodasyours.表示与过去事实相反的情况用过去完成时，也可以用couldhavedone的形式，如：表示将来不可能实现的情况用would/might+原形动词。IwishIwereastallasyou.Hewishedhehadn‘tsaidthat.Iwishitwouldraintomorrow.3)wouldrather，mightaswell，wouldprefer,wouldsooner，等后面接的从句用虚拟语气。Iwouldratherthatyouhadn"ttoldhim．Iwouldpreferhedidn’tstaytheretoolong.注：1)若某人愿自己做事，wouldrather后用动词原形Iwouldratherstayathometoday.2)wouldrather…than…中用动词原形Iwouldratherstayathomethangoouttoday.3．虚拟语气在主语从句中的用法a)Itisnecessary/important/strange/natural/better/surprising,etc.；b)Itis+过去分词(desired/proposed/suggested/ordered/decided/required,etc.)；c)itisapity等结构后的主语从句中要用虚拟语气，即Should+动词原形或只用动词原形。如：Itisnecessarythathe（should）besentthereatonce．ItisrequestedthatProfessorLi（should）giveusaspeech．Itisdesiredthatwe（should）geteverythingreadybytonight．Itispitythatyou(should)besolateforthemeeting.4．虚拟语气在表语从句、同位语从句中的用法。在suggestion，proposal，idea，plan，order，advice,demand,request等名词后的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形或只用动词原形。如：Oursuggestionisthatyou（should）bethefirsttogo．Myadviceisthatwe（should）sendforDoctorLi．Doyouknowtheorderthatyou（should）keepwatch？5．虚拟语气在定语从句中的用法：在itis(high)time后面的定语从句中常用过去式表示虚拟。It’stimethatweleft.It’shightimeIwasoff.6．虚拟语气在其他状语从句中的用法1）在asif引导的方式状语从句中，用过去式表示与现在事实不符，用过去完成式表示与过去事实不符(引导
60的表语从句也可用虚拟语气)Theytalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsforyears．Theylookasiftheywererealbrothers.2）在sothat，inorderthat引导的状语从句中，常用should/would/could/might+动词原形来表示虚拟语气。如：Shestayedathomeforafewdayssothatshecouldtakecareofhermother．Hetookataxitothestationsothatsheshouldnotmissthetrain．Shetookataxiinorderthatshemightgetthereintime.3）在evenif/eventhough引导的让步状语从句中，谓语动词构成同条件状语从句中的虚拟语气相同。EvenifIwererichIwouldwork.4）onlyif表示"只有"；ifonly则表示"如果……就好了"。Iwakeuponlyifthealarmclockrings.只有闹钟响了，我才会醒。Ifonlythealarmclockhadrung.当时闹钟响了，就好了。注：without,otherwise,butfor,but引导的短语或句子有时相当于一个虚拟条件句。假设的情况并不以条件从句表示出来,而是暗含在上下文中,通过介词短语来表示.使用到这些词组的句子中，虚拟语气的用法一般是：对现在的虚拟：would+do；对过去的虚拟：would(not)+havedone。Butforyourreasonableadvice,Iwouldn"thavefinishedmypaperexcellently.WithoutbringinginhimasthePM(projectmanager项目经理)ofourcompany,theimportantprogramwouldhavefailed.Ishouldstudymorehard,otherwiseIwouldnothavekeptwiththemostoutstandingstudentinmyclassinlastexam.Yourmotherwouldgowithyou,butshehastotakecareofyourelderbrother1.Ifonlyhe____quietlyasthedoctorinstructed,hewouldnotsuffersomuchnow.A.liesB.layC.hadlainD.shouldlie2.HowIwisheveryfamily____alargehousewithabeautifulgarden.A.hasB.hadC.willhaveD.hadhad3.Youdidnotletmedrive.Ifwe____inturn,you____sotiredA.drove;didn’tgetB.drove;wouldn’tgetC.weredriving;wouldn’tgetD.haddriven;wouldn’thavegot4._____itraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheYangpuBridgeA.WereB.ShouldC.WouldD.Will5.Isuggestedtheperson_____tobeputintoprisonA.refersB.referringC.referredD.refer6.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit____A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken7.Iinsisted_____toseeadoctor,butheinsistednothing___wrongwithhimA.onhimtogo;shouldbeB.hewent;beC.hego;wasD.heshouldto;is8.___theclouds,youwouldfindtheairplaneintheskyeasilyA.HaditnotbeenforB.IfitwerenotC.IfithadnotbeenforD.Wereitnotfor9.Ifmylawyer____herelastSunday,he____mefromgoingA.hadbeen,wouldhavepreventedB.hadbeen,wouldpreventC.were,preventD.were,wouldhaveprevented10.____hard,hewouldhavepassedtheexamA.IfheweretoworkB.HadheworkedC.ShouldheworkD.Werehetowork11.____today,hewouldgettherebyFridayA.WerehetoleaveB.IfhehadleftC.DidhetoleaveD.Hadheleft12.Hadyoulistenedtothedoctor,you____allrightnowA.areB.wereC.wouldbeD.wouldhavebeen
6113.Ididnotseeyoursisteratthemeeting.Ifshe____,shewouldhavemetmybrotherA.hascomeB.didcomeC.comeD.hadcome14.Ifit____forthesnow,we____themountainyesterdayA.werenot,couldhaveclimbB.werenot,couldclimbC.hadnotbeen,couldhaveclimbedD.hadn’tbeen,couldclimb15.Withoutelectricity,humanlife____quitedifficulttodayA.isB.willbeC.wouldhavebeenD.wouldbe16.Itwasrequestedthattheplay____againA.shouldputonB.wouldputonC.beputonD.puton17.Sheinsistedthatadoctor_____immediatelyA.hadsentforB.sendC.besentforD.wassent18.---Didyouscoldhimforhiscarelessness----Yes,but____itA.I’drathernotdoB.I’drathernothavedoneC.Ishould’tdoD.I’dbetternotdo19.IfonlyI___mycarA.hadn’tlostB.wouldn’tloseC.didn’tloseD.haven’tlost20.Butforwater,it____impossibletoliveintheearthA.isB.wouldC.wereD.wouldn’tbe21.Iwouldratheryou____anythingaboutitforthetimebeingA.doB.didn’tdoC.don’tD.didn’t22.Thekind-heartedcoupletreattheorphanverywellasthoughhe____theirownsonA.isB.wereC.hadbeenD.shouldbe23.Howtheoldpeoplewishthatthey____youngoncemoreA.wereB.couldbecomeC.hadbeenD.shouldbe24.Itishightimethatwe____ameetingtodiscussthisproblemA.holdB.heldC.haveheldD.hadheld25.Thechairmaninsistedthatwe____thequestionagainA.willdiscussB.todiscussC.shoulddiscussD.willbediscussed26.Mysuggestionisthatthemeeting____offtillnestSundayA.beputB.putC.shouldputD.hadbeenput27.Theteacherdemandedthattheexam_____beforeelevenA.mustfinishB.wouldbefinishedC.befinishedD.mustbefinished28.Whatdoyouthinkhisproposalthatwe____aplayattheEnglishmeetingA.hadputonB.shouldputonC.haveputonD.willputon29.Ifit_____thesnow,we_____theSimianMountainlastweekA.werenot,couldhaveclimbedB.werenot,couldclimbC.hadnotbeen,couldhaveclimbedD.hadnotbeen,couldclimb30.Hetalksasifhe____foragesA.islivingthereB.waslivingthereC.haslivedthereD.hadlivedthere31.Thejudgeorderedthethief____punishedA.shouldbeB.wouldbeC.wastobeD.mustbe32.Herpalefacesuggestedthatshe____ill,andherparentssuggestedthatshe_____amedicalexaminationA.be,shouldhaveB.was,haveC.should,hadD.was,has33.Theyaretalking____theyhadknowneachotherforyearsA.asifB.evenifC.likeD.because34.HadyoudoneasItoldyou,you____A.wouldsucceedB.wouldhavesucceededC.weretosucceedD.shouldsucceed35.____today,shewouldarriveinNewYorkbyTuesdayA.IfheleavesB.WouldhehaveleftC.WasheleavingD.Werehetoleave
6236.Itisnecessarythathe____tothelabrightnowA.comeB.cameC.wouldcomeD.iscoming37.Ifonlywe____aboutthedanger,wecouldn’thavejoinedyouA.knewB.hadknownC.wouldknowD.shouldknow38.Ifit____tomorrow,whatshallwedo?A.rainsB.wouldrainC.rainedD.shouldrain39.____difficulties,wewouldbesuccessfulA.ShouldweovercomeB.WouldweovercomeC.MightweovercomeD.Couldweovercome40.Wehavebeensittingdoingnothingaboutitfordays.Itistimewe____theproblemA.shookhandswithB.gottobrasstackswithC.gottosolveD.reachedthebottomof21—25BBABC26—30ACBCD31—35ABABD36----40ABAAC1—5CBDBC6—10CCDAB11—15ACDCD16—20CCBACItwasachanceofalifetimetowinthefirst76_____prizeontheStoryWritingShow.AllIhadtodo77_______wastowriteastoryorpresentit.Myteachers78_______havebeentellingmehowgreatmywritingwas.79____Soiftheyhadsaidwastrue,Iwouldhaveachance80_______ofwinningtheprize.Whatwerebetter,Ihaduseful81.help.TherewasUncleChen,gentlemanliving82.nearmyhouse,whowasaverymuchfamouswriter83Heagreedtoreadingmystoryandgivemesome84advicesonhowtowritelikearealwriter851576.正确。77.on改为in,in…show“在…节目里”。78.or改为and，or表选择，and表顺接和并列。79.have改为had，上下文时态要一致。80.if后加what，what引导主语从句，在句中意思为“…的话”情态动词用法情态动词(ModelVerbs)又称为情态助动词(ModelAuxiliaries),主要有can,may,must,could,might,shall,should,will,would,oughtto,need,dare等。情态动词与其他动词连用表示说话人的语气。情态动词可表达建议、要求、可能和意愿等。情态动词没有人称和数的变化。形式：情态动词+动词原形do；情态动词+动词完成时havedonecan/could1)表能力、技能Hecanspeakfivelanguages.2)表许可，意义接近于may.Youcangonow.3)表推测,“可能性”。---whoisthemanoverthere?---Itmustbeourmaster.---Itcan"tbehim.HeleftforShanghaithismorning.4)如果要表示语气婉转，可用could代替can,这时could不再是can的过去式。如：Couldyoucomeagaintomorrow?can与beableto都可以表示能力，但两者在用法上有点差异：1).can(could)表示主观能力，不表示意愿，beableto表示主观意愿，强调要克服困难去做某事。例如：2).beableto有更多的时态，比如：willbeableto1）Mygrandmaisoverseventy,butshecanstillreadwithoutglasses.2）Heisabletogiveuphisbadhabits注意---CouldIuseyourcomputer?---Yes,youcan.(此处不用could)---DoyouthinkIcouldborrowyourdictionary?---________（C）A.Yes,youmayborrowB.Yes,youcouldC.Yes,helpyourselfD.Yes,goonmay/might1）表许可，意同canYoumayusemydictionary.在回答对方说“可以做某事”或“不可以做某事”时，一般多不用may或maynot,以避免语气生硬或不客气，而用比较婉转的说法进行回答。如：
63MayIusethisdictionary?Yes,please./Certainly.在请求对方许可时，如果用MightI…?就比用MayI…?语气更婉转些。但是表示“阻止”或“禁止”对方做某事时，要用mustnot.Mayweswiminthislake?No,youmustn’t.It’stoodangerous.2)may表推测,“可能性”，如用might,语气更加不肯定。此时may通常用在肯定句中，不能用can来代替。如：Theymay(might)beinthelibrarynow.Mightaswell=hadbetterYoumightaswellstudyhard.must1)表必须、应该Youreallymuststoptalking.2)表示禁止，不准Youmustn"tonlythinkofothers.（不表推测）3)表推测。用于肯定句，"一定，准是"Hemustbewaitingforusathome.(他一定在家等我)注意：---MustIdoitnow?---Yes,youmust.(No,youneedn"t)must和haveto都可以表示“必须”，但有几点区别：（1）must强调“内在的职责”，表主观。haveto强调“外界压力”、“不得已而为之”，表客观。（2）haveto可用于多种时态，而must一般用于现在时，其过去时与将来时分别由hadto与shall/willhaveto代替。Youmuststudyhard.It’sraininghard,wehavetostayherenow.Shall1)应该，表说话人的意思，可表命令、警告、决心、允诺等，用于第二、三人称。Youshallnotleaveyourpost.Heshallgofirst,whetherhewantstoornot.Youshallgotothefrontatonce．Don’tworry．Youshallgettheanswerthisveryafternoon．（允诺）2),在疑问句中，shall用于第一、三人称用来征求对方意见或请求。ShallIsithere?/Shallhecomeinorwaitoutside?Shallshegototheconcertwithusthisevening﹖should/oughttooughtto与should意思接近，大多数情况下二者可以互换，都表“应该”但是should谈的是自己的主观看法，强调“建议，劝告”，oughtto则更强调根据某种义务或必要“应当做某事”，在谈到法律、义务和规定时使用。在疑问句中通常用should：Weshould／oughttohelpeachotherandlearnfromeachotherinourwork．Sheisyourmother,soyououghttosupporther.ShouldIopenthewindow?WeoughttogoandseeMarytomorrow,butIdon’tthinkwewill．should除表示必要或义务外，还可表示推测或可能。如TheAmericanfriendsshouldbeherenowwill1)“愿意”，用于各人称，表示“意志或决心”，如：可以用于条件状语从句的。如Iwillnevergiveitupwhateverhappensinfuture.Ifyouwilllistentome,I’llgiveyousomeadviceonhowtolearnEnglish．2)在疑问中，用于第二人称，表示说话人向对方提出请求或询问对方的意愿。Willyoupleasetellmehowtogettothezoo?3)还可表示一种习惯性的动作，有“总是”，“会要”之意，表自然倾向。Oilwillfloatonwater.Everymorninghewillhaveawalkalongthisriver.4)won"t表失去某种功能。Hardashemaytry,thecarwon"tstart.would1)would作为will的过去式，可用于各人称，表示过去时间的“意志”或“决心”。如“Hepromisedhewouldneversmokeagain.2)在疑问中，用于第二人称，表示说话人向对方提出请求或询问对方的意愿，较will委婉。此时would不表过去。IwouldliketodoEx.2first.Iknowyouwouldneverdoanythinglikethat.3)表过去的习惯动作。Hewouldsitbythelakeforhourswhenhewasinthecountryside.usedto与would常可换用。但：a．Usedto可指过去的状态或情况，would则不能。如：SchoolchildrenusedtoknowthestoryofhowAbrahamLincolnwalkedfivemilestoreturnapennyhe"doverchargedacustomer．（不能用would）HecannotrememberChinaasitusedtobe．（不能用would）。b．Would表示反复发生的动作。如果某一动作没有反复性，就不能用would，只能用usedto。如：Andfromthatdayon，assoonasthetablewasclearedandthedishesweregone.Motherwoulddisappearintohersewingroomtopractice.IusedtoliveinBeijing．我过去住在北京。（没有反复性）c．Usedto表示过去经常性或习惯性的动作或状态现在已经结束，would则表示有可能再发生。如：Peopleusedtobelievethattheearthwasflat．人们总以为地球是扁平的。（现在已不再这样认为）Hewouldgototheparkassoonashewasfree．过去，他一有空就去公园。（现在有可能再去）注意：usedto的否定式和疑问句:Iusednottolikeopera．Iusedn"ttolikeopera．Ididn"tusetolikeopera．
64Usedyoutolikeopera？Didyouusetolikeopera？Didn"tyouusetolikeopera？你过去不喜欢歌剧吗？Youusedtolikeopera,didn"tyou？你过去喜欢歌剧，是吗？Thereusedtobeachurchhere，usedn"tthere？过去这里有座教堂，是不是？need/dareneed(需要)dare(敢)用作情态动词，又可作行为动词。作情态动词时dare有其过去式dared而且dare,need和其它情态动词用法一样，没有人称和数的变化，直接接动词原形。但它们主要用于否定句、疑问句中，肯定回答时，need不用need而用must.如：Darehebreakthetrafficregulationsagain?Heneedn’tworryaboutusnow.Dare和need还可用作行为动词，其变化与一般行为动词同。即第三人单数作主语它们的词尾有变化。Shedarestostayathomealoneatnight.Hedidn’tneedtosetoffsoearly.复习中需要注意的几点1.情态动词can,may,must表推测时语气的差异肯定句中可用:can(could),may(might),must,shouldmust语气最强否定句式中可用cannot,couldnot(不可能，语气最强),maynot,mightnot（可能不）(不用must’t)疑问句中只能用can.如：Hemaynotcometoday.Hecan’tbesocareless.Heisn’tathome.Wherecanhebe?2．情态动词+完成体一般表过去时间，有时可表现在完成的概念。needn"thavedone本不必(但做了)should(n"t)havedone本（不）该（但做了）could(nt)havedone本（不）能够mustcanmay+havedone表对过去或现在完成时间的推测。Can/Couldhehavepassedtheexam?他可能通过了考试吗？Johnmay/mightnothavepassedtheexam;helooksverysad.约翰可能没有通过考试。他看起来很忧伤。Sincetheroadiswet,itmusthaverainedlastnight.既然路是湿的，那昨天晚上肯定下雨了。Heshouldn"thavecometoschoolat9:00am.他不该早上9：00来上学。Heoughttohavedonetheworkhimself.这个工作他是应该自己做的。情态动词的回答方式问句肯定回答否定回答MayI….?Yes,please./CertainlyNo,youmustn’t/No,youmayn’tMustyou…?Yes,Imust.No,Ineedn’t/don’thaveto真题练习：1.ItisusuallywarminmyhometowninMarch,butit_____berathercoldsometime.A.mustB.canC.shouldD.would2.Youdon’thavetoknowthenameoftheauthortofindabook.You_____findthebookbythetitle.mustB.needC.canD.would3.—I’msorry.I______atyoutheotherday.—Forgetit.Iwasabitoutofcontrolmyself.A.shouldn’tshoutB.shouldn’thaveshoutedC.mustn’tshoutC.mustn’thaveshouted4.Thankyouforallyourhardworklastweek.Idon’tthinkwe______itwithoutyou.A.canmanageB.couldhavemanagedC.couldmanageD.canhavemanaged5.Whatapity.Consideringhisabilityandexperience,he____better.A.needhavedoneB.musthavedoneC.canhavedoneD.mighthavedone6.Peter______bereallydifficultattimeseventhoughhe’sanicepersoningeneral.A.shallB.shouldC.canD.must7.Liza___notwanttogoonthetrip---shehatestraveling.A.willB.canC.mustD.may8.–Whatsortofhousedoyouwanttohave?Somethingbig?--Well,it_________bebig--that’snotimportant.A.mustn’tB.needn’tC.can’tD.won’t9.Althoughthis____soundlikeasimpletask,greatcareisneeded.A.mustB.mayC.shallD.should10.You______behungryalready—youhadlunchonlytwohoursago!A.wouldn’tB.can’tC.mustn’tD.needn’t11.Johnpromisedhisdoctorhe________notsmoke,andhehassmokedeversince.A.mightB.shouldC.couldD.would.12.She______haveleftschool,forherbikeisstillhere.A.can’tB.wouldn’tC.shouldn’tD.needn’t13.–Ican’tfindmypurseanywhere.--You__havelostitwhileshopping.A.mayB.canC.shouldD.would14.Accordingtotheairtrafficrules,you___switchoffyourmobilephonebeforeboarding.A.mayB.canC.wouldD.should1BCBBD6CDBBB11DAAD
65形为主动实表被动情况归纳：(1)表示开始，结束之类的动词，常用主动式表示被动意义。常用的动词有start,begin,open,close,finish,stop,end等。如：ThedooropenedandincameMrSmith,theheadmaster.门开了，校长史密斯先生进来了。Whenwilltheconcertbegin?音乐会什么时候开始？Thetrainleavesateleveninthemorning火车上午十一点发车。Thecarstoppedinfrontofthehouse.小车在房子前停了下来。Thepartyendedatmidnight.晚会在午夜时结束。(2)表示烹调、饮食方面的动词，常用主动式表被动意义。常用的动词有cook,eat,drink等。如：Thedinneriscooking.饭正在做。Themeatiscooking.肉正在炖。Iteatswell(tended,crisp).这东西吃上去味道好（嫩，松脆）。（3）表示主语状态、特征的系动词，后接形容词作表语，表示被动意义。常见的动词有：look(看起来),feel（摸起来）,taste（尝起来）,smell（闻起来）,sound（听起来）。如：Thisdishtastesdelicious这道菜尝起来味道很香。.Themeatsmellsterrible.这肉真难闻。Gottenfeelssoft.棉花摸上去很柔软。Themusicsoundssweet..这音乐听上去很甜美。（4）表示主语状态特征的某些动词，在一些场合下也用主动式表示被动意义。常见的动词有：read,write,sell,keep,show,play,clean,look,wash,wear,burn,settle等。如：Thispenwriteswell.这笔很好写。Thebookreadsbeautifully.Thisscenedoesn’tplayaswellasitreads.这声场戏演得没有读上去好。Whatisshowingatthecinema?电影院在放什么电影。Insuchweather,meatwon’tkeeplong.在这种天气里，肉是放不长的。Theirquarrelsettledinafriendlyway.他们的争吵友好地解决了。(5)表示运动和变化之类的某些动词，常用主动或表示被动意义。常见的动词有：drive,change,move等。Thisnewkindofcardrivessmoothly.这种新车开起来很平稳。Howeverhardtheypushed,thebuswouldn’tmove.不管他们多么使劲推，公共汽车就是不动。Butthingschanged.但不久情况就发生了变化。(6)在need,want,require,worth之后用动名词主动式表被动意义，或不定式的被动。如：Thebabyneedslookingafter.这孩子需要照看。=Thebabyneedstobelookedafter.Thebookiswellworthreading.这书很值一看。=Thebookisvellworthtoberead.(7)表示发生、爆发和传播的某些不及物动词，如happen,takeplace,breakout,spreadInthe1990’s,greatchangeshavetakenplaceinChina.二十世纪九十年代，中国发生了巨大变化。TheAmericanCivilWarbrokeoutin1861.1861年美国内战爆发了。Thenewsofthegolddiscoveryquicklyspread.发现黄金的消息很快就传开了。(8)在某些固定结构中，常用主动式，如generallyspeaking,judgingfrom(by),weatherpermitting等。Generallyspeaking,thetrainisfasterthanthebus.一般来说，火车比汽车快。Judgingfromhisaccent,hemustbefromthesouth.从口音来判断，他准来自南方。Weatherpermitting,we’llgo.如果天气允许的话，我们就去。(9)形为主动，实表被动的不定式。a.①不定式在名词后做定语②主语与不定式构成主谓关系③宾语与不定式构成动宾关系①②③都具备时，不定式主动表被动Ihavealotofworktodotoday.我今天有很多工作要做。但：“Doyouhaveanythingtobetyped,sir?”askedthesecretary.b.不定式修饰作表语和宾语补足语的形容词时，结构：主语+系动词+形容词+不定式；动词+宾语+形容词+不定式。如果形容词是表示难易、利弊等含义，如difficult，easy，comfortable(舒适的)，convenient(便利的，方便的)，hard，cheap，expensive，等，不定式用主动表被动。Thequestionisdifficulttoanswer.这个问题很难回答。c.与be动词连用的某些不定式，如toblame,toseek,tolet,其主动表被动。Thishouseistolet.这房子是出租的。Thiscausesarenotfartoseek.原因不难找到。IfeltIwastoblame,too.我觉得我应该受到责备。d.在疑问词what/which/whom+不定式结构中，主动表被动Idon’tknowwhichtochoose.Heaskedmewhattodo.e.在too---to结构中不定式表被动Thisbookistoodifficulttounderstandcompletely.Thetreeistootalltoclimb.LangLangisaworld-classyoungpianistwhogrewupinShenyang.HewenttoapianoschoolinBeijingwhenhewasjusteight.“Youneed36,”hisfathersaid.“Butifyoudon’tworkhard,nofortunewillcome.”Whatmadehimsadwas37hispianoteacherinBeijingdidn’tlikehim.“Youhavenotalent(天赋).Youwillneverbeapianist.”38anine-year-oldboy,LangLangwasbadly39.Hedecidedthathedidn’twanttobea40anymore.Forthenexttwoweekshedidn’ttouchthepiano.41,hisfatherdidn’tpush,butwaited.Luckily,thedaycamewhenhisteacheraskedhimto42someholidaysongs.Hedidn’twantto,butasheplacedhisfingersonthepianokeys,he43thathecouldshowothersthathehadtalent44.Thatdayhetoldhisfather45
66hehadbeenwaitingtohear—thathewantedtostudywithanewteacher.46thatpointon,everythingturnedaround.Hestarted47competitions(比赛).Inthe1994InternationalYoungPianistsCompetition,whenitwas48thatLangLanghadwon,hewastoo49toholdbackhistears.Soon,50wasclearthathecouldn’tstayinChinaforever—hehadtoplayontheworld’big51.In1997LangLang52again,thistimetoPhiladelphia,U.S.Therehespenttwoyearspracticing,andby1999hehadworkedhardenoughforfortunetotakeover.Afterhis53performanceatChicago’sRaviniaFestival,gigs(特邀演出)inLincolnCenterandCarnegieHallstarted54in.LangLangfinallyworkedtoreachtheplacewherefortunespotshimandletshim55.36.A.exerciseB.fortuneC.knowledgeD.wealth37.A.wheatherB.whyC.whenD.that38.A.LikeB.WithC.ToD.As39.A.hurtB.weakenedC.ruinedD.frightened40.A.singerB.pianistC.conductorD.player41.A.HopefullyB.PatientlyC.WiselyD.Painfully42.A.playB.singC.writeD.study43.A.seemedB.admittedC.noticedD.realized44.A.inallB.aboveallC.afterallD.atall45.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.when46.A.FromB.AtC.SinceD.After47.A.receivingB.acceptingC.winningD.beating48.A.toldB.mentionedC.announcedD.recognized49.A.excitedB.encouragedC.shockedD.satisfied50.A.thisB.itC.thatD.what51.A.concertsB.toursC.competitionsD.stages52.A.startedB.leftC.movedD.performed53.A.successfulB.cheerfulC.respectfulD.meaningful54.A.pullingB.breakingC.fallingD.pouring55.A.brightenB.shineC.admireD.develop36~40BDDAB41—45CADCB46—50ACCAB51—55DCADB主谓一致用法归纳谓语用单数：1、学科名词如：physics,maths,politics等作主语时。Physicsincludesheat,light,electricity,etc.2、某些专有名词如：theUnitedStates,theUnitedNations作主语时。WhenwastheUnitedNationsfounded?3、形复意单的名词，如：news,means（手段）作主语时。Hereisthenews.Thequickestmeansoftravelisbyplane.4,apairof修饰成双成对的名词时。ApairofglassesiswhatTomneeds.5,and连接的两个单数名词在意义上指同一人，物或概念时。Thesecretaryandheadmasterisgoingtomakeaspeechthisafternoon.6,and连接的两个不同东西组成一个不可分割的整体概念或谚语时。如：aknifeandafork（一副刀叉），ahorseandcart（一辆马车）Mudandsandismixture.Earlytobedandearlytorisemakesamanhealthy,wealthyandwise.7,and连接的几个单数名词，如被，no,each,every修饰时。Everyworkerandeveryfarmerisworkinghardtorealizethefourmodernizations.8,书名、报刊名及表距离、重量、数量、价值的复数名词作主语。His“SelectedPoems”waspublishedin1970.Tenthousanddollarsisnotenough.9,“oneandahalf+复数名词及“a+单数名词+and+ahalf”作主语时有时也可用复数。Oneandahalfapplesisleftonthetable.Ayearandahalfhasalreadypassed.10,manya…morethanone修饰主语时，用单数。Morethanonepersonwaskilledintheaccident.
6711，主语为不定式，动名词，主语从句时，谓语用单数。Swimmingisgoodforus.谓语用复数1,trousers,glasses,,shoes,socks,gloves等词作主语时，谓语用复数，但如果这些名词前有a(the)pairof等量词修饰时，谓语动词用单数。如：Myglassesarebroken./Thepairofshoesunderthebedishis.Histrousersneedwashing.2,and连接的两个单数名词作主语时。WaltandSmitharegoodfriends.3,集合名词police,people,cattle,youth（青年人）poultry(家禽)作主语。Thepolicearesearchingforthemurderer.Thepoultryarebeingfed.家禽正在吃饲料Ouryoutharepromising.我们每个青年人都是有希望的。Thepoultryarebeingfed.4,Both…and连接的并列主语。Bothheandhisfatheraredoctors.5,Clothes,manners,goods等作主语时。Thegoodsarriveingoodorder.6,“the+形容词或分词形容词”表示一类人作主语时，谓语动词用复数，但表示一类事物时，用单数。谓语用单数或复数1、集合名词：family,class,crew（水手）,public,government,crow（人群），group,team,committee（委员）,等作主语时强调个体成员，谓语用复数，强调组成的概念时，谓语用单数。Myfamilyisalargeone.Myfamilyareallworkers.2,notonly…butalso…;either…or…;neither…nor…whether…or…等连接两个并列主语时，其谓语与最近一个主语一致，即就近原则。Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacherlikesit.3,aswellas,(together)with,like:besides,but,except,ratherthan,including,alongwith,morethan,asmuchas等连接两个并列主语时，其谓语与前一个主语一致。Thestudentsaswellastheteacherlikeit.Tomwithhisparentshasnotknownaboutit.4,works“工厂”讲，主语谓语动词用单数，作“工事”讲，用复数。Achemicalworkshasbeenbuilthere.Theworkswerethoughttobestrong.5,表示时间的名词常用单数谓语动词，但强调过了多少时间，谓语动词用复数。Sixtyyearsisalargetime.ThreeyearshavepassedsincehecametoShanghai.6,numberof前用定冠词，谓语动词用单数，其前用不定冠词a，谓语动词用复数。ThenumberofpeoplewhotravelbyplaneinChinaislargerthanbefore.Anumberofhouseswereburnt.7,“half/all/most/therest/theremainderof+n.”作主语以及“百分之几/几分之几+of+n.”作主语时，谓语动词要与of后的名词的数保持一致。Halfofthewaterwasleftinthebottle.Halfofthestudentsareboys.8,population，majority,variety,number作主语时谓语动词用单数，但当population被分若干部分，即几分之几或百分之多少人口时，则用复数谓语动词。Thepopulationoftheearthisincreasingfast.One-thirdofpopulationhereareworkers.Themajorityisforhim.Agreatvarietyofflowerswereshownhere.9,单复数同形的名词，如：means,sheep,deer,species（种类）等作主语表复数含义时，谓语用复数，反之用单数。Everymeanshasbeentriedsincethen.Allthemeanshavebeentriedsincethen.10,what,who,which,any,more,all等代词可以是单数，也可是复数，主要靠意思来决定。如：Whichisyourbag?/Whichareyourbags?/Allisgoingwell./AllhavegonetoBeijing.Allweresilent.Allwassilent.11,each作主语时，谓语用单数，作主语的同位语时，谓语用复数。Eachofthemhasadictionary.Theyeachhaveadictionary.12,一个句子由：there或here引导，而主语又不止一个时，就近原则。Hereisapen,afewenvelopesandsomepaperforyou.13定语从句的谓语要看关系代词所指代的先行词。注：Oneof前有thevery,theonly修饰时用单数，否则用复数。JackistheonlyoneofthefewstudentsthatspeaksEnglish.Thisisoneofthebestnovelsthataretranslatingthisyear.Thesingeranddanceristoattendoureveningparty.Thedirectorandtheengineerareexperiencedpersons.语言点补充：修饰可数名词：many，anumberof/numbersof,(a)few修饰不可数名词：anamountof/amountsof,agreatdealof，much,(a)little
68两者都可以修饰：enough,plentyof,alotof/lotsof，some/anyaquantityof=quantitiesofaquantityof/quantitiesof不管后面接复数还是单数(包括不可数)名词，只看quantity本身。即：aquantityof中的quantity是单数，谓语动词就用单数；quantitiesof中quantities是复数，谓语动词则与复数保持一致。例如：Quantitiesofnutswereonthetable.Aquantityofnutswasonthetable.Muchtoo与toomuch的区别Muchtoo修饰形容词或副词，toomuch修饰名词.巧记：以后面那个词为准Thereistoomuchrain.雨水太多了Hedrivesmuchtoofast.他开车开得太快了。He’smuchtooyoung.他太年轻了1、Everystudentandeveryteacher.A、aregoingtoattendthemeetingB、haveattendedthemeetingC、hasattendedthemeetingD、isattendedthemeeting2、TheNewYorkTimesallovertheUnitedStates.A、isreadB、isreadingC、arereadD、arereaded3、Theretobenothingwrongwithhersister,?A、seem;isn’titB、seems;doesn’tthereC、seem;isn’tthereD、seems;doesn’tit4、Manyachildtowalkbeforehecanspeak.A、learnB、learnsC、learnedD、havelearned5、Thispairoftrousershisbrother’s.A、isB、areC、beD、were6、IthinkTom,you,toblame.A、ratherthan;isB、ratherthan;areC、morethan;areD、lessthan;is7、Thespeakersatthemeetingagreedthatthewaysinwhichtelevisioncaneducateapersonalmostinfinite.A、beB、areC、isD、was8、Ahorseandcarriagenotmuchusednowadays.A、isB、areC、wereD、istobe9、notonlyyoubutalsohegoingtoBeijing?A、AreB、IsC、WereD、Was10、Readingbooksonewise.A、madeB、makesC、makeD、havemade11．“All______presentandall______goingonwell．”ourmonitorsaid．A．is,isB．are,areC．is,areD．are,is12、Eithertheteachersorthepresidentthemeeting.A、attendsB、attendC、areattendingD、haveattended13、”Ifanybody,pleaseputdownname,”saidtheteachertothemonitor.A、wantstobuythebook;hisB、wanttobuythebook;theirC、willbuythebook;one’sD、wantstohavethebookbought;her14、Myfamilylargeandmyfamilyreading.A、is;enjoyB、is;enjoysC、are;enjoyD、are;enjoys15、ThecustomsandcultureofAmericaverymuchlikeofEngland.A、is;thatB、are;thoseC、havebeen;theonesD、hasbeen;theone1----5CABBA6----10ABAAB11----15DAAAB非谓语动词专项练习1.(1)Smokingmeans______yourselfwithyourownhands.A.tokillB.killedC.killingD.kill(2)I"msorry,butIdidn"tmean______you.A.tohurtB.hurtC.hurtingD.havinghurt2.(1)Iregret____youthatyourmotherisabsentinBeijing.⑵Idon"tregret_____herwhatIthoughtevenifitmighthaveupsether.A.totellB.totellingC.havingtoldD.tell3.⑴Wedon"tallow_____inthereadingroom.⑵Wedon"tallowthem_____inthereadingroom.A.tosmokeB.smokingC.smokeD.smoked4.(1)______hardandyou"llmakerapidprogressinyourEnglishlearning.⑵______hard,you"llmakerapidprogressinyourEnglishlearning.
69A.WorkingB.ToworkC.WorkD.Worked5.⑴_____,wewentforaswimintheriver.⑵_____,sowewentforaswimintheriver.A.BeinghotB.ItbeinghotC.AsithotD.Itwashot6.⑴Theflowerneeds______rightnow.A.waterB.wateringC.towaterD.beingwatered⑵Thewarm-bloodedanimalsdon"tneed____.A.hibernateB.tohibernateC.hibernatingD.beinghibernated7.⑴Ican"thelp____whenIhearthatterriblenoise.⑵Hesaidhecouldn"thelpbut____whenheheardthatterriblenoise.A.laughingB.laughedC.laughD.beinglaughed⑶Ican"thelp____theroom,forIamverybusynow.A.tocleanB.cleaningC.havecleanD.cleaned8.⑴Inthe_____weekwe"llhaveanotherexam.⑵Intheweek____,we"llhaveanotherexam.A.comingB.tocomeC.comeD.came9.⑴_____fromthetower,ourTianjincitylooksmorebeautiful.⑵_____fromthetower,wecanseeourbeautifulTianjincity.A.SeeingB.SeenC.ToseeD.Havingseen10.⑴Thesportmeet______nextweekisofgreatimportance.⑵Thesportsmeet______nowisveryimportant⑶Thesportsmeet____lastweekisofgreatimportance.A.holdingB.beingheldC.tobeheldD.held11.⑴Heraisedhisvoiceinordertomakeus___him.⑵Heraisedhisvoiceinordertomakehimself_____.A.heardB.hearingC.hearD.tobeheard12.(1)Hestoodtherewithhiseyes_________hismother.(2)Hestoodthere,_______hismother.A.staringatB.staredonC.fixinguponD.fixedupon13.⑴Mostofuswenttoseeher,____somegirls.⑵Mostofuswenttoseeher,somegirls____.A.includeB.includingC.includedD.toinclude14.⑴Hewassurprisedtoseesomevillagers____there.⑵Tohissurprise,hesawsomevillagers_____themselves.A.seatB.seatedC.seatingD.toseat15.⑴Theman_____Zhaosanusedtolivehere.⑵Theman____himselfZhaosanusedtolivedhere.A.calledB.callingC.tocallD.call16.⑴Hehadnochoicebut________atthebus-stopintherain.⑵Hehadnothingtodobut________atthebus-stopintherain.A.towaitB.waitingC.waitD.shouldwait17.⑴ThebookisusedinEnglish________countries.⑵Toimprovehis____English,hepracticesspeakingeveryday.A.spokenB.speakingC.tospeakD.spoke18.(1)I"mnotfreethiseveningbecauseIhavealotofthings__(2)Hewassolazythathehadallofhiswashing______.A.todoB.tobedoneC.doingD.done(3)Iwon"thaveyou________toyourmotherlikethat.A.tospeakB.spokenC.speakingD.speak19.(1)Heoftenseethem_______footballontheplayground.⑵Themissingboyswerelastseen_____neartheriver.A.playingB.playedC.playD.toplay20.(1)Weareconsidering_______upanewfactoryhereinthistown.(2)Weareconsideringhow______upanewfactoryhereinthistown.(3)Theboyisconsidered________agoodexampletohisclassmates.A.settingB.tosetC.tohavesetD.havingset21.⑴I"dlike____youforadviceonhowtolearnEnglish.⑵I"drather______myteacherforhelpwithmyEnglish.A.toaskB.askingC.askedD.ask22.⑴Soonhehasgotusedto_____insuchaclimate.⑵Heusedto______insuchaclimatewhenhewasinthearmy.A.livingB.livedC.havinglivedD.live23.(1)MrLiissaid______abroadbutIdon"tknowwhichcountryhestudiedin.(2)MrLiissaid______abroadbutIdon"tknowwhichcountryheisstudyingin.A.tostudyB.tohavestudiedC.tobestudyingD.havingstudied24.⑴Hedidwhathecould__________downtheweepingwoman.⑵Hesaidhecould_____downtheweepingwoman.A.tocalmB.calmC.calmingD.calmed25.(1)Iinsistthatyou______memymoneyback.(2)Iinsistedonyour__________memymoneyback.A.giveB.togiveC.givingD.wouldgive(3)TheoldmaninsistedthatI______hiswallet.A.hastakenB.tookC.shouldtakeD.hadtaken26.(1)Idon"tenjoy_____funofothers.(2)Idon"tenjoy_____funofbyothers.A.tomakeB.tobemadeC.makingD.beingmade27.(1)Iftime_____,I"llgotoseemyfriendstomorrow.(2)Time_____,I"llgotoseemyfriendstomorrow.A.permittedB.permitsC.permittingD.permit
7028.Hewonderedifhecouldslipoutofthelecturehallwithoutanyone______.A.noticingB.noticedC.tonoticeD.beingnoticed29.Hespokeinsuchahighvoice______outinthestreet.A.astobeheardB.tobeheardC.astohearD.tohear30.(1)Thisisanimportantletter.Don"tforget____itthisafternoon.(2)Don"tlookfortheletter.Youmusthaveforgotten____itthisafternoon..A.topostB.postedC.postingD.post31.There______noclassesyesterday,wepaidavisittotheGreatWall.A.wasB.beingC.wereD.hadbeen32.Thepolicemanrushedintotheroomonly______anoldladylyingontheground.A.foundB.findC.findingD.tofind33.Theboylayontheground,hiseyes______andhishands______.A.closing;tremblingB.closed;tremblingC.closed;trembledD.closing;trembled34.______,thegirlsracedontothesecondrunners.A.StickinhandB.WithastickinherhandC.SticksinhandD.Sticksinhands35.Eachofthemgotupearly______tocatchtheearlybus.A.tohopeB.hopingC.sothatD.and36.TomlookedatJenny,tears______hiseyes,andshoutedoutthewords______inhisheartforyears.A.filling;havinghiddenB.filled;hiddenC.filling;hiddenD.filled;hiding37.Whichwillyouenjoy______yourvacation,travelingabroadorworkinginthecountrysideA.tospendB.spendC.spendingD.spent38.Iambusynow,soIcan"thelp______themachine.A.repairB.tohaverepairedC.repairingD.fixing39.Janecameveryclose______agoldmedalforBritainintheOlympics.A.towinB.winningC.towinningD.tobewon40.Theboyseatedhimselfinthecornerwithhisback______tohisfather.A.turningB.toturnC.tobeturnedD.turned41.----Bytheway,whendidyougetyourbedroom______----Lastweek.A.topaintB.paintedC.paintingD.tobepainted42.Helikes______,buthedoesn"tlike______todaybecauseitistoocold.A.toswim;toswimB.wimming;swimmingC.toswim;swimmingD.wimming;toswim43.Chinabecamethe143rdmemberoftheWorldTradeOrganizationonDecember11,2001,thus______its15-yearwishtojointheglobaltradebody.A.havingrealizedB.realizedC.realizingD.torealize44.Thenovelissaid______intomanylanguages.A.totranslateB.beingtranslatedC.tohavebeentranslatedD.havingbeentranslated45.I"mexaminingthecompositionhehasjustfinished______thepossiblemistakesinit.A.correctingB.tocorrectC.correctedD.correct46.Theywouldnotallowhim______acrosstheenemyline.A.toriskgoingB.riskingtogoC.forrisktogoD.riskgoing47.Hespentasmuchtimeashecould_____thechild.A.teachingB.toteachC.teachD.forteaching48.----Alice,whydidn"tyoucomeyesterday----I______,butIhadanunexpectedvisitor.A.hadB.wouldC.wasgoingtoD.did49.Theyapologizedfor______toattendthemeeting.A.theirnotbeingableB.theirbeingnotableC.themnotableD.thembeingablenot50.______theroom,aletterwaslaidontheground.A.EnteringB.HavingenteredC.HeenteredD.MrsGreenentering51.Theysetout______forthe______boy.A.searching;losingB.searching;lostC.tosearch;lostD.tosearch;missed52.______hermotherhadcome,herfacelitup.A.HearingB.HavingheardC.WhenhearingD.Whensheheard53.Theyarrivedattheiruniversityverylate,______thegatecloselyshut.A.foundB.tofindC.findD.finding54.----Doyouhaveanythingmore______,sir----No.Youcanhavearestordosomethingelse.A.typingB.tobetypedC.typedD.totype55.Themanagerpromisedtokeepme______ofhowourbusinesswasgoingon.A.tobeinformedB.oninformingC.informedD.informing56.Withalotofdifficultproblems______,themanagerfeltworriedallthetime.
71A.tosettleB.settlingC.settledD.beingsettled57.After______forthejob,youwillberequiredtotakealanguagetest.A.beinginterviewedB.interviewedC.interviewingD.havinginterviewedKEYSfor(1)1.①C②A2.①A②C3.①B②A4.①C②A5.①B②D6.①B②B7.①A②C③A8.①A②B9.①B②A10.①C②B③D11.①C②A12.①D②A13.①B②C14.①B②C15.①A②B16.①A②C17.①B②A18.①A②D③C19.①C②A20.①A②B③C21.①A②D22.①A②D23.①B②C24.①A②B25.①A②C③D26.①C②D27.①B②C28.A29.A30.①A②C31------35:BDBAB36------40CAACD41------45:BDCCB46------50:AACAD51------55:CDDBC56------57:AA复合句专练01Tosucceedinourfuturegoal,_____westudentsreallyneedtodoistostudyashardaspossibleanddoalotofexerciseseveryday.A.thatB.howC.whatD.why02___hasbeenmadecleartoallofyou,noneofyouaretocomelatetoclassfromtodayon.A.ItB.AsC.WhatD.Which03____somanyyoungpeoplewanttoliveincitiesisbecausetheywanttohavefunthere.A.WhyB.ThatC.WhetherD.How04Chang’eNo.1hasbeensuccessfulincirclingthemoonformonths,______meansthatitwillbepossibleforChineseastronautstolandonthemoonsomeday.A.thisB.itC.thatD.which05Oneofthebestways______canprotecttheenvironmentissustainabledevelopment.A.whichB.inwhichC.howD.that06Althoughbornandeducatedinthecountryside,Joe’dlikeverymuchtowork___thebigcompaniesare,becomingatopaccountant.A.whichB.whenC.whereD.because07Thecompaniesareworkingtogethertocreate____theyhopewillbethebestmeansoftransportinthe21stcentury.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.who08Smallsailboatscaneasilyturnoverinthewater____theyarenotmanagedcarefully.A.thoughB.beforeC.untilD.if09PeopleinChongqingareproudof_____theyhaveachievedinthelasttenyears.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.how10Popmusicissuchanimportantpartofsociety____ithaseveninfluencedourlanguage.A.asB.thatC.whichD.where11Allpeople,_____theyareoldoryoung,havebeentryingtheirbesttohelpthoseinneed.A.evenifB.whetherC.nomatterD.however12We’llhaveapicnicintheparkthisSunday____itrainsorit’sverycold.A.sinceB.ifC.untilD.unless13_____Ireallydon’tlikeart,Ifindhisworksimpressive.A.AsB.SinceC.IfD.While14You’llbesuccessfulintheinterview_____youhaveconfidence.A.beforeB.onceC.untilD.though15Thelasttimewehadgreatfunwas____wewerevisitingtheWaterPark.A.whereB.howC.whenD.why16Thereweresomechairsleftover_____everyonehadsatdown.A.whenB.untilC.thatD.where17Hewastoldthatit’dbeatleast3moremonths____hecouldrecoverandreturntowork.A.whenB.beforeC.sinceD.that
7218It’sdifficultforustolearnalessoninlife____we’veactuallyhadthatlesson.A.untilB.afterC.whenD.since19Formanycitiesintheworld,there’snoroomtospreadoutfurther,_________NewYorkisanexample.A.forwhichB.inwhichC.ofwhichD.fromwhich20TomorrowisTom’sbirthday.Haveyougotanyidea_____thepartyistobeheld?A.whatB.whichC.thatD.where21Manyofthemturnedadeafeartohisadvice______theyknewittobevaluable.A.asifB.nowthatC.eventhoughD.sothat22Iwon’tcallyou,_____somethingunexpectedhappens.A.unlessB.whetherC.becauseD.while23Themanpulledoutagoldwatch,_________weremadeofsmalldiamonds.B.thehandsofwhomB.whomthehandsofC.whichhandsofD.thehandsofwhich24Laterinthischaptercaseswillbeintroducedtoreaders____consumercomplaintshaveresultedinchangesinthelaw.A.whereB.whenC.whoD.which25_____isknowntousallisthatthe2008OlympicGameswilltakeplaceinBeijing.A.ItB.WhatC.AsD.Which26Nancyenjoyedherselfsomuch_____shevisitedherfriendsinSidneylastyear.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where27Bynineo’clock,alltheOlympictorchbearershadreachedthetopofMountQomolangma,__appearedarainbowsoon.A.ofwhichB.onwhichC.fromwhichD.abovewhich28Lastweek,onlytwopeoplecametolookatthehouse,_____wantedtobuyit.A.neitherofwhomB.bothofthemC.noneofwhomD.neitherifwhich29Thevillagehasdevelopedalot______welearnedfarmingtwoyearsago.A.whereB.whatC.whichD.why30Hismoviewonseveralawardsatthefilmfestival,_______wasbeyondhiswildestdream.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.it31—Wheredidyougettoknowher?—Itwasonthefarm_____weworked.A.thatB.thereC.whichD.where32Byservingothers,apersonfocusesonsomeoneotherthanhimselforherself,_canbeveryeye-openingandrewarding.A.whoB.whichC.whatD.that33TheywillflytoWashington,______theyplantostayfortwoorthreedays.A.whereB.thereC.whichD.when34I’msorryyou’vebeenwaitingsolong,butitwillstillbesometime____Briangetsback.A.beforeB.sinceC.tillD.after35—Where’sthatreport?—Ibroughtittoyou____youwereinMr.Black’sofficeyesterday.A.ifB.whenC.becauseD.before36_____theInternetisofgreathelp,Idon’tthinkit’sagoodideatospendtoomuchtimeonit.A.IfB.BecauseC.WhileD.As37Thenews____ourathleteswonanothergoldmedalwasreportedinyesterday’snewspaper.A.whichB.whetherC.whatD.that38Whynottryyourluckdowntown,Bob?Thatis_____thebestjobsare.A.whereB.whatC.whenD.why39Theseasideheredrawsalotoftouristseverysummer.Warmsunshineandsoftsandsmake_____itis.A.whatB.whichC.howD.where40Pleaseremindmeofthemeetingagaintomorrow___Iforget.A.thoughB.sothatC.incaseD.until41____thisisonlyasmalltown,it’scrowdedwithtouristswhocomehereallyearround.A.SinceB.UnlessC.OnceD.Although42Thosesuccessfuldeafdancersthinkdancingisanactivity__sightmattersmorethanhearing.A.whenB.whoseC.whichD.where43Choosingtherightdictionarydependson____youwanttouseitfor.A.whatB.whyC.howD.whether44Youcanonlybesureof___youhaveatpresent;youcan’tbesureofsomething___youmightgetinthefuture.A.that;whatB.what;/C.what;whatD./;that45____mattersmostinlearningEnglishisenoughpractice.A.WhatB.WhyC.WhereD.Which46Hewaseducatedatthelocalhighschool,_________hewentontoBeijingUniversity.A.afterthatB.afterwhichC.inwhichD.inthat47Villagersheredependonthefishingindustry,_________therewillnotbemuchwork.
73A.whereB.thatC.bywhichD.withoutwhich48Theroadconditionsthereturnedouttobeverygood,___wasmorethanwecouldexpect.A.itB.whatC.whichD.that49____hereferredtoinhisarticlewasunknowntothegeneralreaders.A.ThatB.WhetherC.WhatD.Where50Aftergraduationshereachedapointinhercareer____sheneededtodecidewhattodo.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.where51____wearesureaboutistheneedtopreventchildrenfrombeingspoiled.A.WhatB.WhichC.WhetherD.That52Asmallcarisbigenoughforafamilyofthree______youneedmorespaceforbaggage.A.onceB.becauseC.ifD.unless53—Haveyougotanyideaforthesummervacation?—Idon’tmindwhereIget____________thereissun,seaandbeach.A.asifB.aslongasC.nowthatD.inorderthat54Thelawyerseldomwearsanythingotherthanasuit_______theseason.A.whateverB.whereverC.wheneverD.however55LiuXianghadtodropoutofthehurdleracebecauseofhisunexpectedfootinjury,_____,ofcourse,madeussomewhatdisappointed,butwecanunderstandhisdoingso.A.whyB.whatC.thatD.which1CBADD6CCDCB11BDDBC16ABACD21CADAB26CDAAA31DBAAB36CDAAC41DDABA46BDCCD51ADBAD非谓语动词易错题练习1.Everyoneinourclasswasworkinghardanddoingwhatwecould_______agoodcollege.A.enterB.toenterC.enteringD.entered2.Heknowsnothingaboutit,sohecan’thelp_______anyofyourwork.A.doingB.todoC.beingdoingD.tobedone3.Allhertime_______experiments,shehasnotimeforfilms.A.devotedtodoB.devotedtodoingC.devotingtodoingD.isdevotedtodoing4.Thepurposeofnewtechnologiesistomakelifeeasier,______itmoredifficult.A.notmakeB.nottomakeC.notmakingD.donotmake5.Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishands______behindhisback.A.tobetiedB.beingtiedC.tiedD.havingtied6.Remindme_______themedicinetomorrow.A.oftakingB.takingC.totakeD.takeremindsbof[about]sth=使某人想起某事remindsbtodosth=提醒某人去做某事（暗示动作尚未发生）remindsbofdoingsth=提醒某人做过某事（暗示动作已发生）7.Onceyourbusinessbecomesinternational,_____constantlywillbepartofyourlife.A.youflyB.yourflightC.flightD.flying8.Notonlyshouldyougetused____underdifficultconditionsbutyoualsoyoupaymoreattention___yourworkwell.A.towork,todoB.toworking,todoingC.towork,todoingD.toworking,todo9.Bothofmyparentsinsisted_______acomputerforme,butIdon’tthinkitisnecessary.A.tobuyB.buyingC.onbuyingD.inbuying10.“Doyouhaveanythingmore______,sir?”“No.Youcanhavearestordosomethingelse.”A.typingB.tobetypedC.typedD.totype11.Shetookherson,ranoutofthehouse,_____himinthecaranddrovequicklytothenearestdoctor’soffice.A.putB.toputC.puttingD.havingput12.Thebossinsistedthateveryminute______madefulluseof______theworkwell.A.be,todoB.was,doingC.be,doingD.was,todo13.Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee______thenextyear.A.carriedoutB.carryingoutC.carryoutD.tocarryout14.Howhappyweare!Theholidaywehavebeenlookingforward_______atlast.A.tohascomeB.tohavecomeC.tohavingcomeD.hascome15._______theroadroundtotherightandyou’llfindhishouse.A.FollowB.FollowingC.TofollowD.Followed1BBBBC6CDBCB11AAAAA精编陷阱题训练1.Helookedaroundandcaughtaman______hishandintothepocketofapassenger.A.putB.tobeputtingC.toputD.putting2.Whenyou’relearningtodrive,_______agoodteachermakesabigdifference.A.haveB.havingC.andhaveD.andhaving3.Ifeltitagreathonour______tospeaktoyou.A.toaskB.askingC.tobeaskedD.havingasked
744.Iwouldlove_______tothepartylastnightbutIhadtoworkextrahourstofinishareport.A.togoB.tohavegoneC.goingD.havinggone5.Beforeyoudecidetoleaveyourjob,_______theeffectitwillhaveonyourfamily.A.considerB.consideringC.toconsiderD.considered6.Robertissaid_______abroad,butIdon’tknowwhatcountryhestudiedin.A.tohavestudiedB.tostudyC.tobestudyingD.tohavebeenstudying7.ItissaidthatinAustraliathereismorelandthanthegovernmentknows_______.A.itwhattodowithB.whattodoitwithC.whattodowithitD.todowhatwithit8.Anyone_______bags,boxes,orwhatever,wasstoppedbythepolice.A.seencarryB.seencarryingC.sawtocarryD.sawcarrying9.MrReedmadeuphismindtodevoteallhehadto_______someschoolsforpoorchildren.A.setupB.settingupC.havesetupD.havingsetup10.Thediscoveryofnewevidenceledto_______.A.thethiefhavingcaughtB.catchthethiefC.thethiefbeingcaughtD.thethieftobecaught11.Shelooksforwardeveryspringto_______theflower-linedgarden.A.visitB.payingavisitC.walkinD.walkingin12.Totesteggs,_______theminabowlofwater:iftheyfloatthey’rebad,iftheysinkthey’regood.A.putB.puttingC.toputD.tobeputting13.“WhereisDavid?”“Heisupstairs______readytogoout.”A.togetB.gettingC.tobegettingD.havinggot14.“Mum,whydoyoualwaysmakemeeataneggeveryday?”“_enoughproteinandnutritionasyouaregrowingup.”A.GetB.GettingC.TogetD.tobegetting15.Hewasreadinghisbook,completely______totheworld.A.lostB.losingC.toloseD.tohavelost16.Welookedeverywhereforthekeys,buttheyarenowhere_______.A.tofindB.tohavefoundC.tobefoundD.beingfound17.Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim_______.A.nottoB.nottodoC.notdoitD.donotdo18.Acookwillbeimmediatelyfiredifheisfound_______inthekitchen.A.smokeB.smokingC.tosmokeD.smoked19.Findinghercarstolen,_______.A.apolicemanwasaskedtohelpB.theareawassearchingthoroughlyC.itwaslookedforeverywhereD.shehurriedtoapolicemanforhelp20.“Howdoyoudealwiththedisagreementbetweenthecompanyandthecustomers?”“Thekey______theproblemistomeetthedemand______bythecustomers.”A.tosolving,makingB.tosolving,madeC.tosolve,makingD.tosolve,made21.“WhatdoyouthinkmadeMarysoupset?”“_______hernewbike.”A.AsshelostB.LostC.LosingD.Becauseoflosing22.Theresearchissodesignedthatonce_______nothingcanbedonetochangeit.A.beginsB.havingbegunC.beginningD.begun23.Though________money,hisparentsmanagedtosendhimtouniversity.A.lackedB.lackingofC.lackingD.lackedin24.Tonywasveryunhappyfor_______totheparty.A.havingnotbeeninvitedB.nothavinginvitedC.havingnotinvitedD.nothavingbeeninvited25.ThoughIhaveoftenheardthissong_______.Ihaveneverheardyou_______it.A.beingsung,sangB.sang,singingC.sung,singD.tobesung,tosing26.Heisamanoffewwords,andseldomspeaksuntil_______to.A.spokenB.speakingC.speakD.bespoken28.WhenIhandedthereporttoJohn,hesaidthatGeorgewastheperson_______.A.tosendB.forsendingitC.tosendittoD.forsendingitto29._______ontime,thismedicinewillbequiteeffective.A.TakingB.BeingtakenC.TakenD.Havingtaken30.Thefilmstarwalkedtohiscar,______acrowdofjournalists.A.followedbyB.followingbyC.tofollowD.tobefollowedby31.Afterdescribingtheplannedimprovements,shewenton_______howmuchtheywouldcost.A.toexplainB.explainingC.tobeexplainingD.havingexplained32.Pleaseexcuseme_______yourletterbymistake.A.toopenB.tohaveopenedC.foropeningD.inopening33.Pleaseremember_______theplantswhileI’maway.A.wateringB.tobewateringC.towaterD.beingwatering34.CertainlyIpostedyourletter—Iremember______it.A.postingB.topostC.tobepostingD.haveposted35.Stop_______metohurryup.Icanonlygosofast.A.totellB.tellingC.tohavetoldD.havingtold
7536.Remember_______offthelightwhen_______tobed.A.turning,goingB.toturn,togoC.turning,togoD.toturn,going37._______time,he’llmakeafirst-classtennisplayer.A.HavinggivenB.TogiveC.GivingD.Given38._______in1636,HarvardisoneofthemostfamousuniversitiesintheUnitedStates.A.BeingfoundedB.ItwasfoundedC.FoundedD.Founding39.Theladysaidshewouldbuyagiftforherdaughterwiththe________.A.20dollarsremainedB.20dollarstoremainC.remained20dollarsD.remaining20dollars40.Thepicture_______onthewallispaintedbymynephew.A.havinghungB.hangingC.hangsD.beinghung41.Withalotofdifficultproblems________,thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime.A.settledB.settingC.tosettleD.beingsettled42.Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouple,butitremains_______whethertheywillenjoyit.A.toseeB.tobeseenC.seeingD.seen43.Tonywasveryunhappyfor_______totheparty.A.havingnotbeeninvitedB.nothavinginvitedC.havingnotinvitedD.nothavingbeeninvited44.“Goodmorning.CanIhelpyou?”“I’dliketohavethispackage_______.”A.beweighedB.tobeweighedC.toweighD.weighed45.Whathavewesaid_______hersohappy?A.makesB.tomakeC.madeD.hasmade46.Whatworriedthechildmostwas______tovisithismotherinthehospital.A.hisnotallowingB.hisnotbeingallowedChisbeingnotallowedD.havingnotbeingallowed47.“Whichsweaterisyours?”“Theone_______No.9.”A.thatmarkedB.wasmarkedwithC.whichmarkedD.markedwith48.Ifthecarwon’tstart,_____it.A.trypushB.trypushingC.totrypushingD.totrytopush49.Theystayedupuntilmidnight_____theoldyearoutandthenewyearin.A.andsawB.toseeC.seeing1DBCBA6ACBBC11DABCA16CABDB21CDCDC27ACCA31ACCAB36DDCDB41CBDDB46BDBB高考英语非谓语动词综合练习1.Heraisedhishand_______thetaxi______.A.tohave,tostopB.tohave,stopC.having,stoppingD.having,stop2.I"vegotaterribleheadache.Itried_____somemedicinebutitdidn"thelp.A.totakeB.havingtakenC.takingD.tohavetaken3.Shelooksforwardeveryspringto_______theflower-linedgarden.A.visitB.payingavisitC.walkinD.walkingin4.Doyoumind_____aloneathomeA.JaneleavingB.JanehavingleftC.Jane"sbeingleftD.Janetobeleft5.AtfirstIhadsometroublewithmycarbutfinallyImanaged______.A.togetstartingB.ittogetstartedC.togetitstartedD.gettingitstarted6.Theyasked_____toworkinamountainvillagenextmonth.A.tosendB.sendingC.tobesentD.willbesent7.Themissingboyswerelastseen______neartheriver.A.playingB.tobeplayingC.playD.toplay8.Theteacherscoldedtheboycaught______intheexam.A.cheatingB.havingcheatedC.tocheatD.tobecheating9.Hehurriedtothestation_____thetrainhadleft.A.onlytobetoldB.totellC.tellingD.told10.Oldhousesandshopswillbepulleddown,______alargerareaforthegarden.A.makingC.whichismeanttomakeC.tomakeD.thiswill11.TheyallsayTITANICisagoodmoviewhichisworth______secondtime.A.seeingtheB.seeingaC.toseeaD.beingseenthe12.Iremember_______thekeyintheboxunderthebed,butit"snotthere!A.puttingB.toputC.putD.beingput13.Wealllookforward____yourbeautifulcountry.A.tovisitingB.tovisitC.toD.visiting14.Mycompanionsarenotusedto_______coffee.A.drinkingstrongB.drinkstrongC.strongdrinkD.strongdrinking15.Itisnogood_________.Youshould_________.A.tosmoke;giveupB.smoking;giveitupC.smoking;giveupitD.tosmoke;giveitaway.16.Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismotheraskedhim_______.
76A.nottoB.nottodoC.notdoitD.don"tto17."Doyouhaveanyclothes______today"saidthemaid.A.washingB.towashC.washedD.tobewashed18.______,thesubjectbelongstobiology.A.StrictlyspeakB.StrictlyspokenC.StrictlyspeakingD.Tostrictlyspeak19.______thatmistakeonce,Iwon"tmakethesamemistakeagain.A.makeB.tomakeC.MakingD.Havingmade20._____Hospitalintime,thewoundedsoldiersweresavedatlast.A.TakenB.TakingC.HavingtakenD.Totake21.ThecarfactorywillbethelargestofitskindinChinawhen______.A.beingbuiltB.builtC.willbebuiltD.bebuilding22.______inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.A.losingB>HavinglostC.lostD.Tolose23.A:WhatmakeSusansoangryB:_____intherainforalongtime.A.BeingkeptwaitingB.BeingkepttowaitC.BecauseofwaitingD.Shewaskeptwaiting24._______yourcompositioncarefully,somespellingmistakescouldhavebeenavoided.A.HavingcheckedB.checkedC.IfyoucheckD.Ifyouhadchecked25.Hewasdisappointed__________.A.findinghissuggestiontoturndownB.tofindhissuggestiontoturndownC.tofindhissuggestionturneddownD.findinghissuggestionturningdown26.By1820thepopulationofNewYorkhadaddedupto125,000,_____itthelargestcityintheUSA.A.thismadeB.tomakeC.whichmakesD.making27._____inallpartsofthestate,pinesarethemostcommontreesinGeorgia.A.FoundB.FindingthemC.TofindthemD.Theyarefound28.Theradiodoesn"tworkwell;itneeds_________.A.fixingB.beingfixedC.tofixD.fixed29.-Let"sgoskating,shallwe--That"snotagoodidea;theiceistoothin_____yourweight.A.tobearB.bearingC.boreD.born30.When_______AmericaandBritain,thisfamouswritersaidthatthesamelanguage_____thetwopeople.A.talkingof;separatesB.talkedof;separatedC.talking;separatesD.talks;separates31.________toanAustralianhome,youwillprobablyeatoutsideandcookmeatontheopenfire.A.AskingB.BeingaskedC.IfaskedD.Ifasking32._____theofficework,hecametothesittingroomandrelaxedawhile.A.FinishingB.BeingfinishedC.HavingfinishedD.Finished33.WhenIhandedthereporttoJohn,hesaidthatGeorgewastheperson________.A.tosendtoB.forsendingitC.tosendittoD.forsendingitin.34.–Whatarethosemenoverthere---_________GreenPeace.A.AgroupcallingthemselvesB.AgroupcalledbyC.CalledbyD.Calling35._____twoyearsto________afterthesickwoman,shebadlyneededaholiday.A.Devotingherself;lookB.Devoted;lookingC.Devoting;lookingD.Devoted;looked36.Thepolicemanislookingfora________car.A.stealingB.stolenC.stealD.steals37.-Istheradiobotheringyou---Itcertainlyis.I"dlikeit_______off.A.turningB.toturnC.turnedD.turns38._______infrontofit,thistemplereallyneeds_________.A.Tosee;repairingB.See;repairingC.Havingseen;makingrepairsD.Seen;toberepaired39.Closingthefactorymeans_____moreworkersoutofwork.A.toputB.putC.puttingD.beingput40.Tonywasveryunhappyfor________totheparty.A.havingnotbeeninvitedB.nothavinginvitedC.havingnotinvitedD.nothavingbeeninvited41.Theproblem_______atthemeetingtomorrowisveryimportant.A.discussedB.todiscussC.beingdiscussedD.tobediscussed42.Iwillattendtheconference______inLondonintwoweeks.A.toholdB.tobeheldC.beingheldD.held43.Thewheatfieldsareirrigatedbywater_______fromapondthroughbamboopipes.A.bringB.bringsC.broughtD.bringing44.Theroad______thetwovillagesisverynarrow.A.joiningB.joinedC.tojoinD.tobejoined45.Assoonassheenteredtheroomthegirlcaughtsightoftheflowers______byhermother.
77A.buyingB.beingboughtC.wereboughtD.bought46.Thepicture______onthewallispaintedbymynephew.A.havinghungB.hangingC.hangsD.beinghung47.Can"tyouseethemessagelaidonthetable______"Won"tbeback.Grannywillcomesoon."A.readB.readsC.toreadD.reading48.Thenumberofstudents______,weareingreatneedofteachers.A.tobeincreasedB.risenC.havingincreasedD.hasbeenincreased49.28peoplegotkilledintheplanecrash,_________.A.includedthecrewB.thecrewincludingC.thecrewincludedD.includethecrew50.Theyoungmanwaslyingonthegrasswithhishorse_____atree.A.beingtiedB.tiedtoC.tyingtoD.wastiedto51.Heisalwaysthefirst______andlast___________.A.tocome;toleaveB.coming;leavingC.tocome;leavingD.coming;toleave答案:1-5BCDCC6-10CAAAC11-15BAAAB16-20ADCDA21-25BCADC26-30DAAAA31-35CCCAC36-40BCDCD41-45DBCAD46-50BDCCBA省略、插入语、交际用语省略为了避免重复,使语言简练紧凑,在不损害结构或引起误解的原则下,往往省去一个或多个句子成分或词语。英语口语或对话中,如果上下文已经明显表明了主语,常常可省略主语；如果主语不同而谓语相同时，可省略后面相同的谓语。在时间、条件、让步、地点和比较状语从句中,如果谓语动词为be,主语或主句的主语为it时，也弯常省略主语和谓语部分。like,hope,want,tell,try，beableto,begoingto等不定式后相同的动词,也常常被省略一、具体用法：1.简单句中的省略a)所有格之后的名词如果为住宅、商店、工矿、教堂等可以省略。如：Sheisgoingtoheruncle"s〈house〉.她要去她舅舅家.TodayImetheratthetailor"s(shop〉.今天我在裁缝店碰见她了.b)主语和谓语的省略，此种情况一般多用于交际用语中。如：(1)Feelingmuchbettertoday.(2)Hopetoseeyouagainsoon.c)疑问句和答句中的省略(1)“Youangry?”“Notvery”(2)“Goingonholiday,areyou?”d)祈使句的省略（1）Onwiththelight.开灯！（2）Outoftheroom.2.并列句子的省略(1〉并列句中后面的分句只要与前边的分句有相同的词语,不管它在句子中作何种成分,都可以省略。如Hisfatherisadoctor,hismother(is〉anurse.Theydon"tgototheSummerPalace,neitherdoI(gototheSummerPalace〉.〈2〉特别是在动词appear,believe,expect,fear,hope,seem,suppose,trust,think或词组beafraid后面,表示肯定时用so,表示否定时可用not。如：Ithinkyou"llwintherace;indeedwea1lthinkso.我认为你一定会赢得这场比赛,事实上我们都这样想。I"mnotsuresheisn"tcoming,butIsupposenot.我不能肯定她不来,但我想是这样。3.不定式的省略（1）使役动词let,make,have及感官动词see,watch,hear,notice,observe,feel.Lookat,listento等后面作宾语补足的不定式要省去to,但在被动句时应加上to如：a)Isawtheboyfallfromthetree.b)Theboywasseentofallfromthetree.(2)有时为了避免重复，表达相同意思的不定式符号to后的内容常承前省略，而只是保持不定式的符号to.常见的有三种情况：
78①系动词（be）+adj,常见的形容词有：afraid,ready,glad,happy,willing…---Couldyougoshoppingwithme?----Iamgladto.(goshoppingwithyou)②mean,try,want,afford,decide,refuse,wish,like,need,wouldlike,wouldlove…等后面接不定式作宾语时，省略作宾语的不定式。只保留不定式符号to,但该宾语是动词be或完成时态的不定式时，则须在to后加上be或have如：---Areyougoingthere?----Yes,I’dliketo(gothere).---Areyouanengineer?----No,butIwanttobe.③tell,warn,order,advise,ask,expect,等动词后接不定式作宾补时常省略不定式的宾语补足语。如：Thestudentswanttoenterthelab,butthemonitoradvisesthemnotto.(enterthelab)④两个或两个以上的动词不定式并列在一起由and/or连接时,第一个不定式带to,后面的不定式可省去to.但如表示对比（照）等，则不省to.如Herjobistotakecareofthechildrenand(to)washclothes.It’sbettertolaughthantocry.⑤主(宾)语补足语中的tobe往往省略。如Hewasthought〈tobe〉thecleverestboyinthegroup.大家认为他在小组中最聪明。⑥.特殊结构中的省略Wouldsooner,hadbetter,donothingbut,havenothingtodobut,there’snothingtodobut,can’thelpbut,ratherthan等后不定式符号to常省略。如：a)Hewouldsoonerdiethansurrender.b)I’dratherlookafterthebabythanwashdishes.⑦.主语部分有一个表“做”的do的各种形式时，表语不定式常省“to”如：WhatIreallywanttodois(to)gotothecinema.4.从句中的省略(1〉宾语从句以which,when,where,how和why引导的宾语从句在其谓语与主句谓语相同时,可省略全部谓语,甚至主语也省略,仅保留一个wh-词。如：ShewillgotoBeijing,butIdon"tknowwhen〈shewillgotoBeijing.〉〈2)状语从句在时间、地点、让步、方式、条件状语从句中,如果主语与主句主语一致,或者主语是it.那么动词be及其主语通常可省略,从而构成"v-ing/v-ed/形容词/介词/副词"结构。常见的有以下几种:1.时间状语从句:Becarefulwhen(youare)crossingthestreet.2.条件状语从句:Hewon"tgotothepartyunless(heis)invited.3.比较状语从句:Countrymusictodayremainsmuchthesameas(itwas)before.4.让步状语从句:Whether(itis)rightorwrong,hisopinionshouldbepaidattentionto.注意:though,as引导让步状语从句时,通常从句要倒装。从句倒装时,如果从句的表语是可数名词单数,将名词提前时,名词前面的冠词a/an须省略。例:Childas/thoughheis,heknowsmuchaboutthesociety.=Thoughheisachild,heknowsmuchaboutthesociety.注意:有些由if构成的省略结构,已属固定短语,如ifany,ifnecessary,ifpossible,ifnot,ifso等。例：a)Ifnecessary,ringmeathome.b)Hemaybebusy’Ifso,I"llcalllater.Ifnot,canIseehimnow?(3)修饰名词way的限制性定语从句常省略inwhich或that如：Isthiswayyoutalktoyourparents?(4)强调句为Itis/was…that…,当强调疑问句时，that常可省略。如：Whywasit(that)youweretenminuteslate?5、虚拟语气中的省略在虚拟语气中,含有if的虚拟条件句可省去if而把助动词had,should,were提到句首构成倒装。例:Hadyoubeenmorecareful,suchspellingmistakesmighthavebeenavoided.注意:若条件句为.否定句,否定词not应在主语之后,而不能与were,should,had等缩略成weren"tshouldn"t,hadn"t而至于句首。例:________forthefreeticket,Iwouldnothavegonetothefilmssooften.A.IfitisnotB.WereitnotC.HaditnotbeenD.Iftherewere分析:A项不是虚拟语气结构。B项是跟现在事实相反的虚拟条件句。D项是跟将来事实相反的虚拟条件句。从题干的后一句可以看出Iwouldnothavegoneto…是跟过去事实相反的虚拟条件句,故答案为C。译为:要不是因为票是免费的,我也就不会经常去看电影了。6、语境省略语境省略指在一定的语言环境中,为了表达的简洁可省略一些大家都知道的信息。有时命题者巧妙运用省略手段而为考生设置语境省略陷阱。例：Bobhasbrains.Infact,Idoubtwhetheranyoneintheclasshas_______IQ.A.ahighB.ahigherC.thehigherD.thehighest
79分析:本题答案选B。本题实际上是Bobhasbrains.Infact,IdoubtwhetheranyoneintheclasshasahigherIQthanhim的省咯。本句意为:Bob很聪明,实际上我怀疑班上没有哪个人比他智商更高。插入语插入语的类型较多.常见的有:1.副词作插入语能用作插入语的副词{短语〉常见的有:indeed,certainly,surely,however,orrather,generally,besides等。如:Certainly.Iwon’tacceptsuchafoolishplan.我当然不会采纳这个患蠢的计划l).YouspeakEnglishquitefluently--indeed.你的英语的确讲得很棒。2).形容词作插入语能用作插入语的形容词〈短语〉常见的有:true,strangetosay,excellent,wonderful等.如:a)Wonderful,,ourteamhaswonagain.太好了,我们队又赢了.b)True,youhavedonewell.真的.你干得不错。c)Strangetosay,shedidn"tgohomethatday.说也奇怪,那天她没有回家.3.介词作插入语能用作插入语的介词短语常见的有:inbrief,inshort,ingeneral,ofcourse,infact,inotherwords,inaword等。如:a)Hesaidhewasateacher,butinfact.hewasaspy.b)Youcan"twaitanymore,inotherwords,youshouldstartatonce.4.v-ing形式作插入语能用作插入语的-ing形式(短语)常见的有:generallyspeaking,strictlyspeaking,judgingfrom…等。如:a)Generallyspeaking,naughtyboysliketospeakinclass.b)Judgingfromhislook,heisverysick.5.不定式作插入语能用作插入语的不定式短语常见的有:tomakethematterworse,totellthetruth,tobefrank,tobehonest,tosumup,tostartwith,tobeginwith,tobesure等.如:a)Totellthetruth,Idon"tlikeyou.说老实话,我不喜欢你.b)Ididn"tstartearly.Tomakethematterworse,itwasraininghard.6.一些固定短语作插入语常见的能用作插入语的固定短语。如：worsethanall,worsethanever,worsestill,what’smore;what’sworse….a)Ifeltveryhungry.Worsethanall,Itooknomoney.b)Itbegantorain.Worsethanever,Ihadnoumbrella.7.语句式插入语常见的能用作插入语的语句有:Iamsure;Ibelieve;Ithink;Isuppose,thatistosay;asweknow,asIsee,believeitornot…情景交际做好交际应答，要注意以下几点：一、交际应答要防止“中国式”答语的陷阱例如：--It’sgettinglate.I"mafraidImustbegoingnow.--OK.______.A.TakeiteasyB.GoslowlyC.StaylongerD.Seeyou答案D。本题考查的交际功能是道别用语。彼此分手可以说“Seeyou(again,after,etc.).”“Takecare.”“Good-bye.”“Bye.”等。选项B，“慢点走”是典型的中国式应答。二、交际应答要把握不同选项的适用语境例如：--I"mtakingmydrivingtesttomorrow.--____!A.CheersB.GoodluckC.ComeonD.Congratulations答案B，用来表示在别人做事情之前表达祝愿。A选项是“干杯”,与情景不适宜；C项的意思是“过来”、“加油”的意思；D项表示“祝贺”。因为是明天参加考试，还不知结果，因此表达“祝贺”不合适。高中阶段出现的交际功能用语1．约会表达用语小结Areyou/willyoubefreethisafternoon?你今天下午有空吗？Howabouttomorrowmorning?明天上午怎么样？Shallwemeetattheschoolgate？我们在校门口见面好吗？Yes,I’llbefreethen.好，那时我有空。No,Iwon’tbefreethen.ButI’llbefreetomorrow.不行，那时我没空儿。但是我明天有空。Allright.Seeyouthen.好，那时见。Howaboutgoingforadrinktogether?一起去喝一杯怎么样？Whattimeshallwego?我们什么时间去？2．赴宴就餐用语小结Wouldyouliketohavesupperwithme?你愿意和我一起吃晚饭吗？Thatwouldbenice.Let’sfixadate.那太好了，咱们定个日子吧。I’dloveto,butmybrotheriscoming.愿意，但是我哥哥要来。
80I’dliketoinviteyoutodinneratmyflat.我想邀请你到我公寓吃饭。Whatwouldyouliketoeat/drink?你想吃（喝）点什么？What/Howaboutanotherpieceofbread？再来一块面包怎么样？Wouldyoulikesomemorebeef?你想再吃点牛肉吗？Doyouwanttohavesomechicken?你想吃一些鸡肉吗？I’mfull./I’vehadenough.我饱了。I’dliketwoeggsandaglassofmilk.我想要两个鸡蛋和一杯牛奶。Yes,please,justalittle.好的，只要一点点。Helpyourself.请自便。/请随便吃。Makeyourselfathome.不要客气，请自便3．安慰表达方法小结当别人失意、失败、担心、忧虑时，我们应该给以适当的安慰，使之振作、振奋。你可以说：Don’tbeafraid.Cheerup./Comeon.Youcandoit.等。4.问路表达方法小结Excuseme.WhereisthePacificHotel?对不起，请问太平洋宾馆在哪儿？Godownthisstreetuntilyouseethetallbuilding.沿着这条路走，直到你看到那个高楼。DoesthisroadleadtotheAgricultureBankofChina?这条马路到/通向中国农业银行吗？No.Turnrightatthefirstcrossing.不，在第一个十字路口向右拐。Excuseme.WhichisthewaytotheNo.1MiddleSchool?打扰一下，请问哪条路到一中？YoucantakeNo.503bus.你可以乘503路公交车。Excuseme.Couldyoutellmethewaytotheairport?打扰了。你能告诉我去飞机场的路吗？It’soverthere.It’sinthatdirection.在那儿，就在那个方向。CanyoutellmehowtogettothePeople’sPark?你能告诉我怎么去人民公园吗？Sorry,Idon’tknow.I’mastrangerhere.对不起，我不知道。我也是刚来这儿。5.介绍表达方法小结MayIintroduceyoutomyfriendHangKai?我可以把你介绍给我的朋友杭凯吗？Pleaseallowmetointroduceyoutomyclassmates.请允许我把你介绍给我的同学。I’dlikeyoutomeetmyfriend,Maria.我想请你见一见我的朋友玛利娅。MayIintroducemyself?I’mJimGreen.我做一下自我介绍好吗？我是杰姆?格林。Howdoyoudo?MynameisCuiHengbiao.你好，我是崔恒标。I’mKate.Happytoknowyou.我是凯特，很高兴认识你。I’dlikeyoutomeetJim.He’safriendofmine.我想请你8.告别表达方法小结6.委婉地表达我们的离别之意。I’mafraidImustbeleavingnow.我恐怕得告辞了。Imustbeoffnow.我必须得走了。It’stimeImetmybrother.Ihavetogonow.是我去见我哥哥的时候了，我现在得走了。I’msorryIhavetogonow.对不起我得走了。Ithinkit’stimeforustoleavenow.我想现在是我们告辞的时候了。Itwasnicemeetingyou.=Nicetohavemetyou.遇见你真是太好了。7.提供帮助用语小结提供帮助一般分两种情况：职业用语和其他情况。当拒绝别人的帮助时，记得说一句Thankyouallthesame.或者That’sverykindofyou,butIcanmanageitmyself.8.责备和抱怨用语小结在对方做错了事或者没有能够做好某事的时候，我们可能会去责备或者抱怨。值得注意的是，语气要委婉。当我们受到别人的责备或者抱怨时，我们也要表示歉意。Heistoblame.他应负责任。Sheblamedhimforthetrafficaccident.她为交通事故责备他。Heshouldn’thavedoneit.他本不该干那件事的。Whycan’tyoudosomethingaboutit?你为何不能为那件事出点力？-Hecouldn’tfindtheplace.他找不到那个地方。-Youtoldhimhowtogetthere,butperhapsyoushouldhavedrawnamap.你告诉了他如何去，但是也许你本应画张地图。9.邀请表达方法小结对于别人的邀请如Wouldyoulike...?/Canyoucometo...?等要作出明确的答复，同意还是拒绝要说清楚，同时不要忘了感谢。如果拒绝的话，要表示歉意最好再说明缘由。10.祝贺表达方法小结日常生活中，我们经常接受别人的祝愿、祝贺，同时我们也应学习去祝愿、祝贺别人。有时还有共同的祝愿(Thesametoyou.)。祝愿的表达方式很多，但是一定要用得恰到好处。
81现就特定语境中的问与答及中、语言习惯和文化背景差异两方面的考查热点及备考过程中常遇到的几个问题说明如下：1．Withpleasure和Mypleasure有什么区别?Withpleasure.意思是“非常乐意（效劳）”，常用于对别人请求的回复；Mypleasure和It’smypleasure同义，是“不用谢、甭客气”的意思，是回答对方表示感谢的客套话。2．如何表达“别着急”?口语中表达“别着急”通常用“takeiteasy”和“takeyourtime”。但实际应用起来，两者在意义上还是有区别，要注意正确使用。Takeiteasy！含有“别紧张，放松些”的意思；Takeyourtime！含有“别慌忙，慢慢来”的意思。3.“comeon”在口语中可以表达那些意义?“comeon”有“加把劲、加油”的意思，相当于“tryharder；makeaneffort”。这一意义考生都很熟悉。“comeon”还有“hurryup”（快点！赶快！）的意义；有时候也作“cheerup”（振作起来）解；“comeon”还可以用来指责对方刚说的话不对，常翻译成“得啦！算了吧！”。易错常考的日常交际用语感谢和应答A:Manythanks!/Thanksforyourhelp!/Iappreciateyourhelp!B:--That"sOK.--That"sallright--It’snothing--That’snothing.--Notatall.--You"rewelcome.--Don"tmentionit.--Mypleasure.--It"sapleasure../It’smypleasure.--Itwasnotroubleatall.(Withpleasure.用于回答对方的求助、邀请)道歉和应答A:I’msorry.B:That’sallright(OK.)./Itdoesn’tmatter./Nevermind./That’snothing./It"s/That"snothing./Forgetit.Noproblem.英语复习专练-省略、插入语从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.Istillrememberthenameofthevillage＿＿wevisitedlastyear.A.whatB.／C.whereD.when2.—Iusuallygotherebytrain.—Whynot＿byboatforachange?A.totrygoingB.tryingtogoC.totryandgoD.trygoing3.＿＿foryourbrother,IwouldnothavegonetoseeMr.Wang.A.IfitisnotB.WereitnotC.HaditnotbeenD.Iftheywerenot4.—I’dliketohaveapieceofbreadandtwoeggs.—Anything＿＿?A.followingB.followsC.tofollowD.tobefollowed5.Hesuggestedthatthework＿＿atonce.A.bedoneB.shoulddoC.coulddoD.does6.It’safineday.Let’sgoswimming,＿＿?A.won’tweB.willyouC.don’tweD.shallwe7.Besuretobehereearlytomorrow,＿＿?A.willyouB.aren’tyouC.canyouD.couldyou8.Wewillhaveameetingnextweek,butwedon’tknow＿＿.A.whoB.whereC.asD.which9.MysisterspeaksEnglish＿＿,ifnotbetterthan,mybrother.A.aswellB.aswellasC.sowellD.sowellas10.Idon’tliketheway＿＿youtalktoyourmother.A.／B.inthatC.whichD.ofwhich11.Iknowtheboyverywell.Ihaveseenhim＿＿upfromchildhood.A.growB.grewC.wasgrowingD.togrow12.Thoughthelittleboyisoftenmade＿＿byhisbrother,hemadehisbrother＿＿yesterday.A.cry；tocryB.crying；cryingC.cry；cryD.tocry；cry13.—I’llgotoKoreatowatchthe14thAsianGames.Wouldyoumindlookingaftermydog?—Notatall.＿＿.A.Ican’tB.Pleasedon’tC.I’dlikeitD.I’dbehappyto14.Hewantedtoplayfootballwithhisfriendsinthestreet,buthisfathertoldhim＿.A.nottoB.nottodoC.notdoitD.donotto15.—DoyouthinkJackisgoingtowatchafootballmatchthisweekend?—＿＿.A.IbelievenotB.IbelievenotsoC.Idon’tbelieveitD.Idon’tbelieve16.—Whatdoyouthinkmadethegirlsoglad?—＿＿abeautifulnecklace.A.AsshereceivedB.ReceivingC.ReceivedD.Becauseofreceiving17.—Aren’tyoubechairman?—No,andI＿＿.A.don’twanttoB.don’twantC.don’twanttobeD.don’twantbe18.Well,wehavebeenwaitinghere＿＿fortheguest.A.longtimeB.alongtimeC.thelongtimeD.somelongtime
8219.You’re＿＿＿＿＿yourtimetryingtopersuadehim.He’llneverjoinus.A.spendingB.wastingC.losingD.missing20.Fatheradvisedmenottosayanythinguntil＿＿atthemeeting.A.askingB.toaskC.askedD.ask21.—Coffee＿＿milk?—Onlymilk,please,＿＿Iusedtolikecoffee.A.and；andB.and；butC.or；andD.or；but22.＿＿,youhavegivenmealotofhelp.A.TellthetruthB.TotellthetruthC.TellingtrueD.Tellingtruth23.—Hepromisedtocometoseeyou.—Buthe＿＿.I’vebeenallalone.A.didn’tB.wouldn’tC.hasn’tD.won’t24.—Howaboutthenumberofstudentsplayingontheplayground?—＿＿.A.SmallB.ManyC.LittleD.Most25.Allsubstances,＿＿solids,liquids,orgases,aremadeupofentirelyatoms.A.whethertheyB.whetherC.whetheraretheyD.whetherare26.Mr.Black,＿＿borninKentucky,livedandpracticedlawinMissouri.A.wasB.hewasC.althoughD.whohewas27.—Haveyouwateredtheflowers?—No,but＿＿.A.IamB.I’mgoingC.I’mjustgoingtoD.Iwillgo28.—Hehasn’tgonetotheofficeuptonow.—Well,he＿＿.A.shouldB.oughttoC.oughttogoD.oughttohave29.IfyougotoXi’an,youwillfindthepalacestheremoremagnificentthancommonly＿＿.A.supposingB.supposedC.tosupposeD.suppose30.If＿＿thesametreatmentagain,heissuretogetwell.A.givingB.giveC.givenD.beinggiven31.Hebrokehislegswhile＿＿.A.ridingB.rideC.wasridingD.rode32.＿＿itraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheYangpuBridge.A.WereB.ShouldC.WouldD.Will33.—Wouldyoulikesomewine?—Yes,just＿＿.A.littleB.verylittleC.alittleD.littlebit34.Hesaid＿＿hissisterhadpassedtheentranceexaminationofcollege,and＿＿shewouldgotocollegeinabout20days.A.that；／B.that；thatC.／；／D.that；which35.＿＿hisface,theyoungmanmustbeover20.A.JudgedfromB.JudgedC.JudgingfromD.Judging36.＿＿heatisdifferentfromtemperature?A.HowdoyouthinkB.HowyouthinkC.WhatdoyouthinkD.Whatyouthink37.—Therewillbeastormsoon.—Iamafraid?＿＿.A.itB.notC.therewon’tD.maybe38.Whathesaid,＿＿,hasnothingtodowithwhathedid.A.tomysurpriseB.tomysurprisedC.tomysurprisingD.tooursurprises39.ThisEnglishmanisgoodatwriting,readingand＿＿iskindtoothers.A.aboveallB.firstofallC.inallD.afterall40.SheisneithergoodatChinese,nor＿＿English.A.isB.wasC.egoodatD./参考答案1.B。关系代词that，which，whom等在定语从句中作宾语且不位于介词之后时可以省略。2.D。Whynottrygoing...?＝Whydon’tyoutrygoing...?3.C。含有if的虚拟条件句可把if省略，而把had，should，were等提到句首，构成倒装。4.C。Anythingtofollow?＝Isthereanythingtofollow?在therebe句型中，修饰主语的不定式可以用主动形式，也可以用被动形式，但口语中，常用主动形式。5.A。在suggest(建议)，insist(坚持主张)，order，demand等后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用should＋动词原形，should可以省略。6.D。7.A。8.B。where＝wherewewillhaveameetingnextweek.9.B。ifnotbetterthan为插入语。10.A。当way，time(次数)等作定语从句的先行词时，引导定语从句的关系词可以用that或inwhich,也可省略。11.A。在主动语态中，感官动词和使役动词后接省去to的不定式作宾补；在被动语态中，to不可省去。12.D。参见注11。13.D。某些表示心理或情感状态的动词如：love,mean,want,hate,like,prefer,wish,expect,hope等的后面跟不定式时，为避免重复，常省略与上文相同的动词，而只保留不定式符号to。14.A。tellhimnotto(playfootballwithhisfriendsinthestreet.)
8315.A。so和not可放在动词expect，fear，hope，suppose，believe，think，以及词组beafraid的后面，省略与上文相同的肯定或否定的宾语从句。16.B。Receivingabeautifulnecklace(makesthegirlsoglad).17.C。如果要省去的不定式中的动词是be时，则通常保留be。18.B。alongtime前省去了介词for。19.B。wasteone’stime(in)doingsth.意为“浪费时间干某事”；spendtime(in)doingsth.意为“花费时间干某事”。20.C。untilasked＝untilIwasasked.21.B。Coffeeandmilk?＝Doyouwantbothcoffeeandmilk?22.B。常见的作插入语的不定式短语有：sotospeak(可以说是),tobesure(无疑地),tosumup(概括地说),totellthetruth(说实话),tobehonest(坦率地说),tobefrank(坦率地说)，tobefair(说句公道话)。23.C。Hehasn’t.＝Hehasn’tcometoseeme.根据下一句，应用完成时态。24.A。说明thenumberof...,应用large,big或small。25.B。在带有状语从句的复合句中，如果从句与主句的主语一致，且从句中含有be动词，则可以省略从句的主语及be动词。此处从句中省略了theyare。26.C。参见注25。27.C。在某些结构，如：beaboutto,begoingto,beableto,besureto,becertainto,belikelyto,bereadyto,besupposedto,beobligedto,beto等后，常省去与前面动词一致的动词原形。28.D.如果不定式本身为完成时态，简略答语中常保留have。oughttohave＝oughttohavegonetotheoffice.29.B。本句为比较状语从句的省略,省去了theyare。30.C。本句为条件状语从句的省略，省去了heis。31.A。whileriding＝whilehewasriding.32.B。参见注3。33.C。34.B。当宾语从句不只一个时，引导词that一般不省。35.C。judgingfrom,generallyspeaking,strictlyspeaking等都为插入语。36.A。doyouthink为插入语置于疑问词之后，而特殊疑问句本身的主语、谓语用陈述语序。37.B。参见注15。38.A。tomysurprise为插入语。39.A。aboveall意为“更重要的是”。40.D。并列句中往往省略前后相同的句子成分。norEnglish＝norisshegooda英语复合句强化训练1.Johnsaidhe’dbeenworkingintheofficeforanhour,_______wastrue.A.heB.thisC.whichD.who2.Itwaswithgreatjoy_______hereceivedthenewsthathislostdaughterhadbeenfound.A.becauseB.whichC.sinceD.that3.Dorothywasalwaysspeakinghighlyofherroleintheplay,_______,ofcourse,madetheothersunhappy.A.whoB.whichC.thisD.what4.ThesewildflowersaresospecialthatIwoulddo_______Icantosavethem.A.whateverB.thatC.whichD.whichever5.Simonthoughthiscomputerwasbroken_______hislittlebrotherpointedoutthathehadforgottentoturniton.A.untilB.unlessC.afterD.because6.Itwashowtheyoungmanhadlearnedfiveforeignlanguages_______attractedtheaudience’sinterest.A.sothatB.thatC.whatD.inwhich7.Itwasanexcitingmomentforthesefootballfansthisyear,__forthefirsttimeinyearstheirteamwontheWorldCup.A.thatB.whileC.whichD.when8.TheWTOcannotliveuptoitsname_______itdoesnotincludeacountrythatishometoonefifthofmankind.A.aslongasB.whileC.ifD.eventhough9.Themenwillhavetowaitallday_______thedoctorworksfaster.A.ifB.unlessC.whetherD.that10.—DidyouremembertogiveMarythemoneyyouowedher?—Yes,Igaveittoher_______Isawher.A.whileB.themomentC.suddenlyD.once11.OnSundaystherewerealotofchildrenplayinginthepark,_______parentssittingtogetherjoking.A.theirB.whoseC.whichD.that12.Thegentleman_______youtoldmeyesterdayprovedtobeathief.A.whoB.aboutwhomC.whomD.withwhom13.Americanseat_______vegetablesperpersontodayastheydidin1910.A.morethantwiceB.astwiceasmanyC.twiceasmanyasD.morethantwiceasmany14.—Howfarapartdotheylive?—_______Iknow,theyliveinthesameneighborhood.A.AslongasB.AswellasC.AsfarasD.Asoftenas15.Agoodstorytellermustbeabletoholdhislisteners’curiosity_______hereachestheendofthestory.A.whenB.unlessC.afterD.until16.Ireadaboutitinsomebookorother,doesitmatter_______itwas?A.whereB.whatC.howD.which
8417.Thewayhediditwasdifferent_______wewereusedto.A.inwhichB.inwhatC.fromwhatD.fromwhich18.Generallyspeaking,_______accordingtothedirections,thedrughasnosideeffect.A.whentakingB.whentakenC.whentotakeD.whentobetaken19.—Dad,I’vefinishedmyassignment.—Good,and_______youplayorwatchTV,youmustn’tdisturbme.A.wheneverB.whetherC.whateverD.nomatter20.Haveyouseenthefilm“Titanic”,_______leadingactorisworldfamous?A.itsB.it’sC.whoseD.which21.Thesehousesaresoldatsuchalowprice_______peopleexpected.A.likeB.asC.thatD.which22.RecentlyIboughtanancientvase,_______wasveryreasonable.A.whichpriceB.thepriceofwhichC.itspriceD.thepriceofthose23.—Washisfatherverystrictwithhimwhenhewasatschool?—Yes.Hehasneverpraisedhim_______hebecameoneofthetopstudentsinhisgrade.A.afterB.unlessC.untilD.when24.Amoderncityhasbeensetupin_______wasawastelandtenyearsago.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.where25.Ihavealwaysbeenhonestandstraightforward,anditdoesn’tmatter_______I’mtalkingto.A.whoisitB.whoitisC.itiswhoD.itiswhom26.Hemadeamistake,butthenhecorrectedthesituation_______itgotworse.A.untilB.whenC.beforeD.as27._______Iknowthemoneyissafe,Ishallnotworryaboutit.A.EventhoughB.UnlessC.WhileD.Aslongas28.Thefamousbasketballstar,_______triedtomakeacomeback,attractedalotofattention.A.whereB.whenC.whichD.Who29.Wewillbeshownaroundthecity:schools,museumsandsomeotherplaces,_______othervisitorsseldomgo.A.whatB.whichC.whereD.when30.Alecaskedthepoliceman_______heworkedtocontactwhenevertherewasanaccident.AwithhimBwhoCwithwhomDwhom31.Scientistssayitmaybefiveorsixyears_______itispossibletotestthismedicineonhumanpatients.A.sinceB.afterC.beforeD.when32.Youshouldtrytogetagoodnight’ssleep_______muchworkyouhavetodo.A.howeverB.nomatterC.althoughD.whatever33.IthinkFatherwouldliketoknow_______I’vebeenuptosofar,soIdecidetosendhimaquicknote.A.whichB.whyC.whatD.how34.AfterYangLiweisucceededincirclingtheearth,_______ourastronautsdesiretodoiswalkinspace.A.whereB.whatC.thatD.how35.Isthisthereason_______atthemeetingforhiscarelessnessinhiswork?A.heexplainedB.whatheexplainedC.howheexplainedD.whyheexplained36.Meetingmyuncleafteralltheseyearswasanunforgettablemoment,_______Iwillalwaystreasure.A.thatB.oneC.itD.what37.Itwasevening_______wereachedthelittletownofWinchester.A.thatB.untilC.sinceD.before38.Thefactorywasbuiltinasecretplace,around_______highmountains.A.whichwasB.itwasC.whichwereD.themwere39.Wewereswimminginthelake_______suddenlythestormstarted.A.whenB.whileC.untilD.before40._______hasbeenannounced,weshallhaveourfinalexamsnextmonth.A.ThatB.AsC.ItD.What41.Wearelivinginanage_______manythingsaredoneoncomputer.A.whichB.thatC.whoseD.when42.Icanthinkofmanycases_______studentsobviouslyknewalotofEnglishwordsandexpressionsbutcouldn’twriteagoodessay.A.whyB.whichC.asD.where43.NewYork,_______lastyear,isaniceoldcity.A.thatIvisitedB.whichIvisitedC.whereIvisitedD.inwhichIvisited44.Astorygoes_______ElizabethIofEnglandlikednothingmorethanbeingsurroundedbycleverandqualifiednoblemenatcourt.
85A.whenB.whereC.whatD.that45.Youaresayingthateveryoneshouldbeequal,andthisis_______Idisagree.A.whyB.whereC.whatD.how46.Theroadiscoveredwithsnow.Ican’tunderstand_______theyinsistongoingbymotor-bike.A.whyB.whetherC.whenD.how47._______Icansee,thereisonlyonepossiblewaytokeepawayfromthedanger.A.AslongasB.AsfarasC.JustasD.Evenif48.Weweretoldthatweshouldfollowthemainroad_______wereachedthecentralrailwaystation.A.wheneverB.untilC.whileD.wherever49._______youcallmetosayyou’renotcoming,I’llseeyouatthetheatre.A.ThoughB.WhetherC.UntilD.Unless50.Youcaneatfoodfreeinmyrestaurant_______youlike.A.wheneverB.whereverC.whateverD.however51.TheEnglishplay_______mystudentsactedattheNewYear’spartywasagreatsuccess.A.forwhichB.atwhichC.inwhichD.onwhich52.Americanwomenusuallyidentifytheirbestfriendassomeone______theycantalkfrequently.A.whoB.asC.aboutwhichD.withwhom53.Thejourneyaroundtheworldtooktheoldsailorninemonths,_______thesailingtimewas226days.A.ofwhichB.duringwhichC.fromwhichD.forwhich54.Helenwasmuchkindertoheryoungestsonthantotheothers,_______,ofcourse,madetheothersenvyhim.A.whoB.thatC.whatD.which55._______Iacceptthatheisnotperfect,Idoactuallyliketheperson.A.WhileB.SinceC.BeforeD.Unless56.Severalweekshadgoneby_______Irealizedthepaintingwasmissing.A.asB.beforeC.sinceD.when57.Jasminewasholidayingwithherfamilyinawildlifepark_______shewasbittenonthelegbyalion.A.whenB.whileC.sinceD.once58.Theotherday,mybrotherdrovehiscardownthestreetat_______Ithoughtwasadangerousspeed.A.asB.whichC.whatD.that59.Alongwiththeletterwashispromise_______hewouldvisitmethiscomingChristmas.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whether60.Theshopkeeperdidnotwanttosellfor_______hethoughtwasnotenough.A.whereB.howC.whatD.which61.Someresearchersbelievethatthereisnodoubt_______acureforAIDSwillbefound.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whether62.Iwassurprisedbyherwords,whichmademerecognize_______sillymistakesIhadmade.A.whatB.thatC.howD.which63._______,Ihavetoputitawayandfocusmyattentiononstudythisweek.A.HoweverthestoryisamusingB.NomatteramusingthestoryisC.HoweveramusingthestoryisD.Nomatterhowthestoryisamusing64.Itisalmostfiveyears_______wesaweachotherlasttime.A.beforeB.sinceC.afterD.when65._______isoftenthecase,wehaveworkedouttheproductionplan.A.WhichB.WhenC.WhatD.As66.Johnisthetallestboyintheclass,_______accordingtohimself.A.fivefooteightastallasB.astallasfivefooteightC.asfivefooteighttallasD.astallfivefooteightas67.Therearetwobuildings,_______standsnearlyahundredfeethigh.A.thelargerB.thelargerofthemC.thelargeronethatD.thelargerofwhich68.Thefactoryproduceshalfamillionpairsofshoeseveryyear,80%_______aresoldabroad.A.ofwhichB.whichofC.ofthemD.ofthat69.Whatatable!I’veneverseensuchathingbefore.Itis_______itislong.A.halfnotaswideasB.widenotashalfasC.nothalfaswideasD.aswideasnothalf70.Itwas_______hesaid_______disappointedme.A.what;thatB.that;thatC.what;whatD.that;what71.Thewayhediditwasdifferent_______wewereusedto.A.inwhichB.inwhatC.fromwhatD.fromwhich72.Thepooryoungmanisreadytoaccept_______helphecanget.
86A.whicheverB.howeverC.whateverD.whenever73.I’dliketoarrive20minutesearly_______Icanhavetimeforacupoftea.A.assoonasB.asaresultC.incaseD.sothat74.Itwasn’tuntilnearlyamonthlater_______Ireceivedthemanager’sreply.A.sinceB.whenC.asD.that75.Marywroteanarticleon_______theteamhadfailedtowinthegame.A.whyB.whatC.whoD.that76.Danbyleftwordwithmysecretary_______hewouldcallagainintheafternoon.A.whoB.thatC.asD.which77.UnlikewatchingTV,readingisahighlyactiveprocess_____itrequiresattentionaswellasmemoryandimagination.A.untilB.butC.unlessD.for78.Whatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbut_______hesaidit.A.thewayB.inthewaythatC.inthewayD.thewaywhich79.Iworkinabusiness_______almosteveryoneiswaitingforagreatchance.A.howB.whichC.whereD.that80.Thereweredirtymarksonhertrousers_______shehadwipedherhands.A.whereB.whichC.whenD.that81.GeorgeOrwell,_______wasEricArthur,wrotemanypoliticalnovelsandessays.A.therealnameB.whathisrealnameC.hisrealnameD.whoserealname82.Theoldtowermustbesaved,_______thecost.A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.wherever83.Theoldlady’shandshookfrequently.Sheexplainedtoherdoctor_______thisshakinghadbegunhalfayearbefore,and______,onlybecauseofthis,shehadbeenforcedtogiveupherjob.A.when;howB.how;whenC.how;howD.why;why84.Youmustkeeponworkingintheevening_______youaresureyoucanfinishthetaskintime.A.asB.ifC.whenD.unless85.—Whydoesshealwaysaskyouforhelp?—Thereisnooneelse_______,isthere?A.whototurntoB.shecanturntoC.forwhomtoturnD.forhertoturn86.Hewaseducatedatalocalgrammarschool,_______hewentontoCambridge.A.fromwhichB.afterthatC.afterwhichD.fromthis87.Thatwasreallyasplendidevening.It’syears_______Ienjoyedmyselfsomuch.A.whenB.thatC.beforeD.since88.Itwasforthisreason_______herunclemovedoutofNewYorkandsettleddowninasmallvillage.A.whichB.whyC.thatD.how89.Allowchildrenthespacetovoicetheiropinions,_______theyaredifferentfromyourown.A.untilB.evenifC.unlessD.asthough90.Theschoolsthemselvesadmitthatnotallchildrenwillbesuccessfulinthejobs_______theyarebeingtrained.A.inthatB.forthatC.inwhichD.forwhich91.Ihavemanyfriends,_______somearebusinessmen.A.ofthemB.fromwhichC.whoofD.ofwhom92.ThemoreIthinkabouthim,themorereasonsIfindforlovinghim_______Idid.A.asmuchasB.aslongasC.assoonasD.asfaras93.Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthatschool.Itisnolonger_______itwas20yearsago,_______itwassopoorlyequipped.A.what;whenB.that;whichC.what;whichD.which;that94.Doyouhaveanyidea_______isactuallygoingonintheclassroom?A.thatB.whatC.asD.which95.Ifashophaschairs_____womencanparktheirmen,womenwillspendmoretimeintheshop.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where96.Jimpassedthedrivingtest,_______surprisedeverybodyintheoffice.A.whichB.thatC.thisD.it97.Someonecalledmeupinthemiddleofthenight,buttheyhungup_______Icouldanswerthephone.A.asB.sinceC.untilD.before98.Markwasastudentatthisuniversityfrom1999to2003,_______hestudiedveryhardandwasmadeChairmanoftheStudents’Union.A.duringwhichtimeB.forwhichtimeC.duringwhosetimeD.bythattime99.Lastmonth,partofSoutheastAsiawasstruckbyfloods,from_______effectsthepeoplearestillsuffering.A.thatB.whoseC.thoseD.what
87100.Theplace_______thebridgeissupposedtobebuiltshouldbe_______thecross-rivertrafficistheheaviest.A.which;whereB.atwhich;whichC.atwhich;whereD.which;inwhich1.CDBAA6.BDCBB11BBDCD16.DCBBC21.BBCAB26.CDDCC31CACBA36.BDCAB41.DDBDB46.ABBDA51.CDADA56.BACBC61.BACBD66.BDACA71.CCDDA76.BDACA81.DBCDB86..CDCBD91.DAABD96.ADABC.2012高考英语必背各种时态、语态举例：Heoftencleanshisroom.Hisroomisoftencleanedbyhim.Hecleanedhisroomyesterday.Hisroomwascleanedbyhimyesterday.Heiscleaninghisroomnow.Hisroomisbeingcleanedbyhimnow.Hewascleaninghisroomat4yesterday.Hisroomwasbeingcleanedbyhimat4yesterday.Hewillcleanhisroomtomorrow.Hisroomwillbecleanedbyhimtomorrow.Hewouldcleanhisroomthenextday.Hisroomwouldbecleanedbyhimthenextday.Hehasalreadycleanedhisroom.Hisroomhasbeencleanedalreadybyhim.HehadcleanedhisroombythetimeIgothome.HisroomhadbeencleanedbyhimbythetimeIgothome.Ihavebeenwritinganovelrecently.五种简单句MynameisLihua.I’mstudyinginBashuMiddleSchool.YesterdaywhenIwascyclinginthestreet,Isawmyteacherwalkingacrossthestreet.Unluckily,afastcarhither.Shegotbadlyhurt,sowesenthertohospitalquickly.Weallboughthermanykindsoffreshflowerstocomforther.各种复合句：定从Theboywhoisstandingunderthetreeismyfriend.Returnthebookwhichyouborrowedyesterday.IsawTomentertheroomfromwhomIborrowed20dollars.名从Thathefailedtheexammadeussurprised.HesaidthathefailedtheexamThefactisthathefailedtheexam.Thenewsthathefailedtheexamsurprisedus.
88Thenewsthathetoldussurprisedus.Whathesaidiswrong.Allthathesaidiswrong.what=allthatTellmewhichoneyoulike.(which哪一个)Givemethebookwhichisonethedesk.(which=thebook)状从时间Telephonemethemomentyougettheresults.when,while,as;themoment,thefirsttime,theyear,assoonas,once,nosooner..than,hardly…when,till,until,before,after地点Theyareplantingtreeswherethereisplentyofwaterandsunlight.where,wherever条件Wecansurelysucceedaslongasweareunitedasone.if,unless,aslongas,solongas,providedthat,suppose,onconditionthat原因Astherewasnoanswer,Iwroteagain.Because,since,as,for,notthat.让步Heisunhappythoughhehasalotofmoney.Though/although;as,evenif,eventhough,while,whether…or…,nomatterwho,whoever.方式FinishtheworkasItoldyou.as,asif,asthough目的Leaveyourphonenumber,sothatIcancallyoubeforeIcomenexttime.sothat,inorderthat,incase,forfearthat结果Thehillissohighthatshecan’tclimbuptothetop.sothat,so…that,such…that比较Heistallerthanhisbrother.than,as…as…,themore…,themore…,非谓语动词：1）作主语：Tohelpeachotherisgood.=Itisgoodtohelpeachother.2)宾语：Shewishestobeadoctor.3)定语：Isthisthebestwaytohelphim.4)状语：EverymorninghegetsupveryearlytoreadEnglish.5)表语：Myjobistodrivethemtothepowerstationeveryday.6)宾补：Isawalittlegirlrunacrossthestreet.Myfatheraskedustostudyhardforourcountry.动名词：构成：doing1）主语：Swimmingisgoodforus.2)宾语：Ilovesinging.3)表语：Hishobbyiscollectingstamps.4)定语：Thereisaswimmingpool.–Thereisapoolforswimming.3、动名词复合结构：：由形容词性物主代词或名词所有格+doing构成,也可用其宾格或名词+doing（位于句首时只能用前一种）Doyoumindmy(Tom’s)closingthedoor?=Doyoumindme(Tom)closingthedoor?三、分词：现在分词：doing过去分词：done2、区别：现在分词表示主动和正在进行，而过去分词表示被动和已完成3用法：1）定语：Theboystandingunderthetreeisourmonitor.ThenovelwrittenbyLuXunisworthreading.2)状语：Shesatatthedeskreadinganewspaper.Beingill,hewenthome.Heappeared,followedbyalittleboy.Seenfromthehill,theparklooksverybeautiful.3)表语：Thefilmisveryinteresting.表示主语的性质，特征。（使……）I’minterestedinthisstory.（表示主语所处的状态）(感到…..)4)宾补：Isawhimplayingbasketballontheplaygroundyesterday.Ihadmycomputerrepairedyesterday.情态动词can,may,must,could,might,shall,should,will,would,oughtto,need,dare不能单独使用，后必须接一原形动词作谓语。Youshouldcleanyourroombyyourself.Youroomshouldbecleanedbyyou
89强调句：Itwasontheplaygroundthattheywereplayingbasketballatfourontheplayground.高中非谓语动词易错题型练习1(1)Iregret____youthatyourmotherisabsentinBeijing.⑵Idon’tregret____herwhatIthoughtevenifitmighthaveupsether.A.totellB.totellingC.havingtoldD.tell2.⑴Wedon’tallow_____inthereadingroom.⑵Wedon’tallowthem_____inthereadingroom.A.tosmokeB.smokingC.smokeD.smoked3.(1)___hardandyou’llmakerapidprogressinyourEnglishlearning.⑵___hard,you’llmakerapidprogressinyourEnglishlearning.A.WorkingB.ToworkC.WorkD.Worked4.⑴_____,wewentforaswimintheriver.⑵_____,sowewentforaswimintheriver.A.BeinghotB.ItbeinghotC.AsithotD.Itwashot5.⑴Ican’thelp____whenIhearthatterriblenoise.A.laughingB.laughedC.laughD.beinglaughed(2)Ican’thelp____theroom,forIamverybusynow.A.cleanB.cleaningC.havecleanD.cleaned6.⑴_____fromthetower,Dalianlooksmorebeautiful.⑵_____fromthetower,wecanseeourbeautifulcity.A.SeeingB.SeenC.ToseeD.Havingseen7.⑴Thesportmeet______nextweekisofgreatimportance.⑵Thesportsmeet______nowisveryimportant⑶Thesportsmeet____lastweekisofgreatimportance.A.holdingB.beingheldC.tobeheldD.held8.⑴Heraisedhisvoiceinordertomakeus___him.⑵Heraisedhisvoiceinordertomakehimself_____.A.heardB.hearingC.hearD.tobeheard9.(1)Hestoodtherewithhiseyes_________hismother．(2)Hestoodthere,_______hismother．A.staringatB.staredonC.fixinguponD.fixedupon10.⑴Mostofuswenttoseeher,____somegirls.⑵Mostofuswenttoseeher,somegirls____.A.includeB.includingC.includedD.toinclude11.⑴Hewassurprisedtoseesomevillagers____there.⑵Tohissurprise,hesawsomevillagers_____themselves.A.seatB.seatedC.seatingD.toseat12.⑴Theman_____Zhaosanusedtolivehere.⑵Theman____himselfZhaosanusedtolivedhere.A.calledB.callingC.tocallD.call13.⑴Hehadnochoicebut_____atthebus-stopintherain.⑵Hehadnothingtodobut______atthebus-stopintherain.A.towaitB.waitingC.waitD.shouldwait.14.(1)I’mnotfreethiseveningbecauseIhavealotofthings___.(2)Hewassolazythathehadallofhiswashing______.A.todoB.tobedoneC.doingD.done15.(1)Heoftenseethem_______footballontheplayground.⑵Themissingboyswerelastseen_____neartheriver.A.playingB.playedC.playD.toplay16.(1)Weareconsidering___upanewfactoryhereinthistown．(2)Weareconsideringhow__upanewfactoryhereinthistown．(3)Theboyisconsidered____agoodexampletohisclassmates．A.settingB.tosetC.tohavesetD.havingset17.(1)MrLiissaid______abroad?butIdon’tknowwhichcountryhestudiedin．(2)MrLiissaid______abroad?butIdon’tknowwhichcountryheisstudyingin．(3)MrLiissaid______abroad?butIdon’tknowwhichcountryhewillstudyin.A.tostudyB.tohavestudiedC.tobestudyingD.havingstudied18.(1)Iinsistthatyou______memymoneyback．(2)Iinsistedonyour_____memymoneyback．A.giveB.togiveC.givingD.wouldgive
90(3)TheoldmaninsistedthatI______hiswallet．A.hastakenB.tookC.shouldtakeD.hadtaken19.(1)Idon"tenjoy_____funofothers.(2)Idon"tenjoy_____funofbyothers.A.tomakeB.tobemadeC.makingD.beingmade20.(1)Iftime_____,I"llgotoseemyfriendstomorrow.(2)Time_____,I"llgotoseemyfriendstomorrow.A.permittedB.permitsC.permittingD.permit21.(1)Hehadnochoicebut____aloudthetextintheclassroom..(2)Hedidnothingbut___aloudthetextintheclassroom..A.readingB.toreadC.readD.tobereading22.(1)_____agoodwriter,hehasalotofthingstolearn.(2)______agoodwriter,hewroteanumberofarticles.A.TobeB.BeingC.HavingD.Done23.(1)_____hiswallet,hebecameveryworried.(2)______inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.A.toloseB.losingC.lostD.havingbeenlost24.(1)Havingfinishedhomework,______.(2)Havingbeenfinished,_______.A.thehomeworkwashandedinB.theteacherpraisedhimC.hewenthomewithhisclassmatesD.andhewenthomequickly25.Findinghercarstolen,____.A.apolicemanwasaskedtohelpB.theareawassearchedthoroughlyC.itwaslookedforeveryoneD.Shehurriedtoapolicemanforhelp26.(1)Theteachercamein,____theSs.(2)Theteachercamein,____bytheSs.A.followingB.followedC.havingfollowedD.beingfollowed27.(1)_____moreattention,thetreecouldhavegrownbetter.(2)_____ahandtothepoor,hefeltveryhappy.A.giveB.givenC.togiveD.giving28.(1)Lookaroundwhen____thestreet.(2)Lookaroundbeforeyou____thestreetA.crossB.crossingC.becrossingD.tobecrossing29.(1)Iwouldliketo_____theholidaywithyou,soIamsureIwillcome.(2)Iwouldliketo____theholidaywithyou,butIwasreallybusylastweek.A.spendB.spendingC.havespentD.havingspent30.(1)Thegirl____inacolorfulskirtlooksbeautiful.(2)Themother___hersonmustbelateforthework.A.dressedB.dressingC.dressedD.dress定语从句、同位语从句、强调句、状语从句的区别练习Fillintheblankswithaproperword:1.(1)Maryisnolongerthegirl__sheusedtobe.(2).Maryisnolonger____sheusedtobe.2.(1)Kunmingisnolongerthecity___itwastenyearsago.(2).Kunmingisnolonger___itwastenyearsago.3.(1)All___isneededisasupplyofoil.(2)___isneededisasupplyofoil.4.(1)Everything___hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent.(2)___hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent.5.(1)LastnightIdreamedadream___Ipassedtheentranceexamination.(2).Thedream___Idreamedlastnightwasveryfunny.6.WasitduringtheSecondWorld___hedied?7.Itwasthehour___theplacewasfullofjob-hunters.8.(1)Itwasatthetheater___Lincolnwasmurdered.(2)Itwasthetheater___Lincolnwasmurdered.9.(1)Sheheardaterriblenoise,___broughtherheartintohermouth.(2)Sheheardaterriblenoise.__broughtherheartintohermouth.10.(1)Isthisthemuseum___Ivisitedlastweek?(2)Isthismuseum___Ivisitedlastweek?11.(1)I’moneoftheboyswho__neverlateforschool.(2)I’mtheoneoftheboyswho___neverlateforschool.12.(1)LastnightItookataxi,and___tookmehome.(2)LastnightItookataxi,___tookmehome.13.Tom’smotherkepttellinghimthatheshouldworkharder,but___didn’thelp.14.Itwasraininghard,___keptusfromplayingfootball.15.(1)Ioftenthoughtofmychildhood,___Ilivedonafarm.(2)Ioftenthoughtofmychildhood,___Ispentonafarm.16.(1)Thisistheplace___ChairmanMaowasborn.(2)Thisistheplace___wearegoingtovisit.17.Tom’sfatherworksatthefactory___makesshoes.
9118.Augustisthemonth___comesafterJuly,beforeSeptember.19.(1)Makeamark___youhaveanyquestions.(2)Makeamarkattheplace___youhaveanyquestions.20.(1)Weshallgo___workingconditionsaredifficult.(2)Weshallgototheplace___workingconditionsaredifficult.高中非谓语动词易错题型练习Key:1AC2BA3CA4BD5BA6BA7CBD8CA9DA10BC11BC12AB13AC14AD15CA16ABC17BCA18ACB19CD20BC21BC22AB23BC24CA25D26AB27BD28BA29AC30AB1.that,.what,2that,what,3.that,.What,4.thatWhat,5.that,.that,6.that7.when,8.that,.where,9.which.it,10.that,.theone11.are,.is,12.it,.which,13.it14.which,15.when,.which,16.where,.that,17.that,18that.19.Where,.where20.where,.where.名词性从句定语从句状语从句1.isgenerallyaccepted,economicgrowthisdeterminedbythesmoothdevelopmentofproduction.A.WhatB.ThatC.ItD.As2.____thereexistsmuchunemploymentinalmostallcities,peoplewithspecialskillsarestillingreatdemand.A.WhileB.WhenC.AsD.Since3.NewscamefromEurope_____AmyandLaurie,thegrandsonofawealthyfamily,hadplannedtobemarriedsoon.A.whereB.whichC.asD.that4．_____heappearedtobeonlyaboutten,heseemedtohaveknownthebitternessoflife.A.SinceB.BesidesC.ThoughD.Aslongas5._______sheseemstoputonasmilingfaceeveryday,shehasn’treallygotovertheshadowofexamfailure.A.BecauseB.AsC.WhetherD.Though6.Nooneknows_______preventedthefirefromspreading.A.whatwasitthatB.whatitwasthatC.howitwasthatD.whyitwasthat7.TheEnglishprogramnormallyattractsmorethan1,000studentsayear,______uptohalfwillbefromabroad.A.inwhichB.forwhomC.withwhichD.ofwhom8._______theHopeProjectwascarriedoutinthispoorarea,studentsherehadnoaccesstoeducation.A.IfB.AsC.BeforeD.After9.Thebehaviorofgasesisexplainedby_______thekinetic(运动的)theory.A.whatdoscientistscallB.whichitscientistscallC.scientistscallitD.whatscientistscall10.Thepossibilityneveroccurredtome_______IwouldunexpectedlyentersuchabigbankandworkinWallStreet.A.whenB.thatC./D.how11.InCopenhagenclimatesummit,countriesweretryingtocreatetheyhopedwouldbethebestwaytosavetheplanetalthoughargumentsexisted.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.who12,allthequarrelscametoanend.A.ThelostmoneywasfoundB.WasthelostmoneyfoundC.BecausethelostmoneyfoundD.Withthelostmoneyfound13.Waterwillcontinuetobeitistoday–nextinimportancetooxygen.A.howB.whichC.asD.what14.Anyhabitslowsdownyoursilentreadingtothespeedatwhichyouspeak,orreadaloud,isinefficient.A.whichB.thatC./D.who15.We’vejustinstalledtwoair-conditionersmadeinShanghaiinourapartment,___shouldmakegreatdifferencesinourlifenextsummer．A．whichB．whatC．thatD．they16.ItwasinAmerica,therefore,thegreatadvancesinnineteenth-centuryagriculturalmachineryfirstcame.A.whereB.whenC.thatD.inwhich17.Wearenotconsciousoftheextent_____workprovidesthepsychologicalsatisfactionthatcanmakethedifferencebetweenafullandanemptylife.A.thatB.inwhichC.towhichD.as18.Haveyoueverbeeninasituation___youknowtheotherpersonisrightyetyoucannotagreewithhim?A．bywhichB．thatC．inwhereD．where19.Afterleavinghisgovernmentserviceasalawyer,_______.A.peoplewereamazedbythemusichecomposedB.manyfamouspieceswerecomposedC.hecreatedmanyfamouscompositions.D.composingmusicbecamethemostimportantthinginhislife20.Itwastwomonths_______theyoungmanmasteredtheskillofrunningthemachineintroducedfromGermany.A.sinceB.whenC.thatD.before
9221.TheBlackFridayafterThanksgivingDayisthebusiestdayoftheholidayshoppingseason,_______shopperslineuphoursbeforestoresopentogetthebestdeals.A.whichB.whereC.whenD.that22.______reallymattersinsportsisnotthewinning,butthetakingpart.A.ThatB.ItC.WhatD.How23.___________,lackofcleanfreshwaterpresentsanevengreaterthreat.A.AsbadastheaircanbeB.BadastheaircanbeC.TheaircanbebadD.Astheaircanbebad24.-----Iservehimthreemealsadayandalmosteverythingforhim,buthestillfailsme.----I’msorrytosaythat’s______youarewrong.Togivehimwhateverhewantswillonlyspoilhim.A.whereB.whatC.whyD.how25.Thatnight,tired,themanwentoutagaintolookforhelp.A.likehewasB.thoughhewasC.aswasheD.evenhewas26.Youngadultsgenerallymaketheirownchoicesabout______careertopursue.A.howB.thatC.whatD.whether27.Woman___HillaryClintonis,shewasboldenoughtoparticipateinthepresidentialcampaign,2008．A．whoB．asC．thatD．like28.InChina,becauseofherancientculture,thetipsofchopsticksareusuallyalittlesquare_thetailsarecircularandround.A.whenB.unlessC.whileD.once29.Studentscaneasilyfallbehindintheirstudies____theydon’tmanagetheirsparetimecarefully.A.thoughB.ifC.sinceD.until30.Theairlinehasabooklet_____willtellyoumostoftheimportantinformationtoEurope.A.inwhichB.aboutwhichC./D.that31.Severalweekshadgoneby_____theheadofthegalleryrealizedthepaintingwasmissing.A.afterB.beforeC.sinceD.that32._____heisverybusy,hespendsatleasttwohourseverydaysurfingtheInternetinordertofindoutthelatestdevelopmentinscienceandtechnology.A.EventhoughB.WhenC.UnlessD.Whether33．wecan’trewritethepast,wecanchangehowwedealwithourinnerfearsandinsecuritiesrelatedtopastexperience．A．UnlessB．WhileC．WhenD．Until34．QatarisatinycountryhostingiscalledthemostimpressiveAsianGamesever.A．thatB．asC．whichD．what35．IntheUS，usuallythekidsareencouragedtotakepartincommunityservicethevoluntaryspiritcantakerootintheirmindsfromchildhood．A．onlyifB．nowthatC．sothatD．when36．ismentionedinhisspeech，gonearethedayswhenwebelievedShakespeare’s“Frailty，thynameiswoman!”A．WhatB．ItC．AsD．Which37．Idon’trememberhowmanyyearsagopeoplebegantogrowcrops．A．itwaswhenB．itwasthatC．wasitthatD．wasitwhen38．Simoniscrazyaboutplayingvideogames;nowhemustbeonhiscomputer,?A．mustn’theB．isn’theC．needn’theD．doesn’the39．doyouthinkcausedtheglobalfinancialturmoil?A．What…thatB．Which…thatC．What…/D．Which…/40．Inthesurveytheylistedtwelvekindsoffood___wouldaffecttheworkofthebrain．A．thatwerebelievedB．whichtheexpertsbelievedC．theexpertsbelievedthatD．theexpertsbelieved41．ButwhenIgot______thetownoughttohavebeen,allIfoundwasagasstation．A．whereB．whereverC．thereD．that42.Theearthwon’tbefitforustolivein_____wegoonpollutingit.A.evenifB.ifC.unlessD.so43.Thecouple_____photoItookatthepartywereverypleasedwithit.A.whoseB.whoC.whichD.what44._____changedhimwasamountainbikehereceivedforhis15thbirthday.A.WhatB.WhetherC.ItD.That
9345.________henoticessomedifferencesbetweenBritainandAmerica,heisnotnegativeabouttheseA.SinceB.AlthoughC.IncaseD.Asif46.Whatshecouldn’tunderstandwas______fewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons.A.whyB.whatC.becauseD./47.Istillrememberthedays_____wespentinthecountryside.A.whenB.thatC.inwhichD.where48.Thekindgentlemancomfortedtheyoungboywhocouldn’tfindhismotherandpromisedthathewouldbewithhim____hismothercameback.A.assoonasB.whileC.untilD.as49.Heisaverychangeableman.Youwillneverknow____hewilldoorthink.A.whetherB.whatC.howD.that50.Thereisnodoubtsuchaninterestingstorywillbeabox-officesuccess.A.ifB.soC.whenD.that51.Everyintervieweewasaskedtodescribeanoccasion____hefeltveryembarrassedandhowhedealtwithit.A.whichB.whenC.whereD.inwhich52.Einstein’smostfamoustheoryis________wecalltheTheoryofRelativity.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.how53.Thetravelersencouragedeachothertogoon____difficultiestheymet.A.howeverB.whateverC.nomatterD.although54．Thelibrarianpromisedtogetthebookformeshecouldrememberwholastborrowedit.A．incaseB．aslongasC．evenifD．asfaras55．Determinationisakindofbasicqualityandisittakestodojobswell.A．whatB．thatC．whichD．why56．Themanshowedussuchaheavystonenomancouldlift.A．thatB．asC．whichD．and57.AlthoughAnneishappywithhersuccess,shewonders________willhappentoherprivatelife.A.thatB.whatC.itD.this58.Althoughmanypeopleviewconflictasbad,conflictissometimesuseful___________itforcespeopletotesttherelativemeritsoftheirattitudesandbehaviors.A.bywhichB.towhichC.inthatD.sothat59.Itwasnotuntildark______hefound______hethoughtwasthecorrectwaytosolvetheproblem.A.that,whatB.that,thatC.when,whatD.when,that60.Isthereabookshoparound______IcanbuyanEnglishandChinesedictionary?A.whichB.whereC.thatD.what61.Somanyuseshavebeendiscoveredforthiswood____thesupplyofwhitepineisbecomingsmallerandsmaller.A.thenB.whatC.thatD.which62.Doingyourhomeworkisasurewaytoimproveyourtestscores,andthisisespeciallytrue_itcomestoclassroomtests.A.beforeB.sinceC.whenD.after63.Ifyouareabletotalktoafriendoverthetelephone,youfeelthatyouareclose____theactualdistanceisnotshortened.A.evenifB.solongasC.ifD.as64.Itmademanycountriesangry______America,withoutthe______fromtheUN,startedawarinIraq.A.that,permissionB.which,permitC.which,permissionD.that,per65．SinceitisexpectedthatFedwillcutinterestrateagain,thereisnodoubt___thecompanywillmakethedecisiononraisingthepriceofcrudeoil．A．whyB．thatC．whetherD．when66．ItwasbelievedbytheancientEgyptiansthatintellectwastothemind___sightwastothebody．A．whatB．soC．thatD．like67．___Isympathizewiththosewhohavegonebankrupt,Ican’treallydoverymuchtohelpthemoutofthedifficulties,especiallywhentheU．S．economyhasmovedintoarecession．A．AslongasB．AsC．WhileD．Even68．Consideringthatshedidherwork___hermanagerhadinstructed,itwasimpropertocriticizeher．A．asB．untilC．whenD．though1DADCD6BDCDB11.CDDBA16CCDCD21.CCBAB26..CBCBD31BABDC36.CBBCB
9441.ACAAA46.ABCBD51.BABBA56.ABCAB61.CCAAB66.ACA非谓语动词专项训练1.–WhatisitthatmadeObamahappy?–_____theUSPresident.A.ToelectB.ElectingC.BeingelectedD.Havingelected2.—Youshouldhavethankedherbeforeyouleft.—Imeant______,butwhenIwasleavingIcouldn’tfindheranywhere.A.todoB.toC.doingD.doingso3.Iplanned___toseeyoulastweek,butIwasill.A.tohavecomeB.tocomeC.tobecomingD.tohavebeencoming4.Mr.Smith，_______ofthe_________speech，startedtoreadanovel.A.tired;boringB.tiring;boredC.tired;boredD.tiring;boring5.Ithinkitagreathonor______tovisityourcountry.A.toinviteB.invitingC.havinginvitedD.tobeinvited6.Whathesaidmadeus____.A.toastonishB.tobeastonishedC.astonishingD.astonished7.OnMarch14,violentcrimesofbeating,lootingandburninginLhasaofTibetbrokeout,_____13innocentpeopleandwithmorethan300_____.A.killed;injuredB.killing;injuredC.killed;injuringD.killing;injuring8.Peoplealwaysshakehandsandsay“Howdoyoudo?”when_____toeachother.A.introducingB.tobeintroducingC.tointroduceD.introduced9.Whenashipthatsankin1628wasrecoveredfromtheportofStockholm,thescientistswereoverjoyedwiththechance_____theremainsofthepast.A.examineB.examiningC.toexamineD.examined10.______nexttime!Inthemeantime,e-mailyourparticularapplicationquestionstoourcollegee-mailaddress．A．ContinuedB．TobecontinuedC．ContinuingD．Tocontinue11.____severaltimes,butMarystillhasnoideaofhowtodoitproperly.A.BeingshownB.HavingshownC.HavingbeenshownD.I’veshownher12.Thestrike_______somuchviolenceandtroublefinallyendedafterbothsidesreachedanagreement.A.causedB.causingC.causedbyD.hadcaused13.ThepatientwhohadsufferedfromH1N1insistedonfromothersimmediately,holdingthebeliefthatthediseasewouldinfectothers．A．havingisolatedB．beingisolatedC．tobeisolatedD．isolating14.AIDSissaid___thenumber-onekillerofbothmenandwomenoverthepastfewyearsinthatpoverty-strickenregionwherenomedicalservicesareavailable．A．beingB．tobeC．tohavebeenD．havingbeen15.Theelevatedroadsarefloodedwithlargeoutdoorsignboardsofads,whichareintended_______bypassingcardrivers.A.toreadB.tobereadingC.tohavereadD.toberead16.theprojectasplanned,wewillhavetoworktwomorehourstoday.A.CompletingB.CompleteC.CompletedD.Tocomplete17.______bythebeautyofnature,thegirlfromLondondecidedtospendanothertwodaysonthefarm..A.AttractingB.AttractedC.TobeattractedD.Havingattracted18.Generallyspeaking,ifaccordingtotheinstructions,theelectric-bikeisnotdangerousasreported.A.ridingB.riddenC.torideD.toberidden19.Blackboxes,______torecordFlightdatatogetherwithpilots’conversationandnoisesfromtheaircraft,areimportantforpeopletofindoutthecauseofanaircrash.A.designB.designingC.designedD.weredesigned20.Thesethreecollegestudentsarerealheroesbecausetheyrisked_______theirownlivesinordertosavethedrowningboysinthewater.A.havinglostB.toloseC.losingD.oflosing21.Inhisattempt_______themountain,Johnfellandinjuredhisbackbone,whichcosthimtheuseofhislegs.A.climbingB.toclimbC.havingclimbedD.beingclimbed22.Theactualamountofwaterneededbythecrop______ontheweatherconditions.A.todependB.dependC.dependingD.depends23.Itissaidthattheywillrepresentagreaterproportionofpurchasingpower,____from12percentofGDPto20percent.A.risingB.risenC.toriseD.beingrisen
9524.MrSmithsaidthathewoulddelayintroducingtheschemebecauseofthedemands______onteachersbyothereducationalreforms.A.madeB.makingC.makeD.tomake25．hersalarywiththatofhermalepartner’s,shefoundtheunjusttreatmenttowardfemaleemployeesinthecompany.A．ComparedB．HavingcomparedC．TocompareD．Havingbeencompared26．TheirdecisionInternetaddictionasamentaldisorderhascausedmuchdebate.A．toclassifyB．classifyingC．beingclassifiedD．tobeclassified27．enoughsleepbeforetakingatestwillimproveyourmentalalertnesssoyoucanthinkclearly．A．GettingB．ThatgetC．GetD．Got28．Themarriedcoupleregularlydiscussedthelifehabitstheyfind______ineachother．A．theywereannoyingB．annoyingC．theywereannoyedD．annoyed29．tothePartyandthepeople,RenChangxiawasrespectedandlovedbyalmostallthepeoplewhoknewher．A．DevotingB．DevotedC．TobedevotedD．Todevote30._____fromlightweightmaterials,therobotsareaboutthesizeofahumanarmorsmaller.A.TobuildB.BeingbuiltC.HavingbuiltD.Built31.Juliawasrequiredtowritealettertoherteacherwithacomputer,_____differentlettertypes,colorsandspaces.A.usedB.touseC.usingD.anduse32.Afterhersuccessasachildactor,Taylorhadnotrouble_____intoadultrolesandwontwiceforBestActress.A.tomoveB.moveC.movedD.moving33.Thisproductwaslaunchedin2006andsalesrosesteadilyoverthefollowingtwoyearsperiod,________atotalof40,000in2008.A.reachedB.toreachC.andreachingD.reaching34.Whenthetourguidefinallyfoundthelosttouristinthefar-offcornerofthepark,hewassittingonarock,____tohisgirlfriendexcitedlyonthephone.A.talkingB.havingtalkedC.totalkD.talked35.ThesurveyshowsthatmanystudentsagreeitworkswelltolearnEnglishby_____toEnglishsongs.A.tolistenB.listeningC.tobelisteningD.listened36.Originally____forteenagers,HarryPotterprovedtobepopularwithmiddle-agedhousewivesaswell.A.writingB.havingbeenwrittenC.beingwrittenD.written37.When________differentcultures,weoftenpayattentiononlytothedifferenceswithoutnoticingthemanysimilarities.A.comparedB.beingcomparedC.comparingD.havingcompared38.Hedashedoutoftheofficeafterreceivingamessage,________themwonderingwhathadhappened.A.leavingB.leftC.tohaveleftD.tobelef39．Yassin’sdeathwasnottostopHamas’attemptterrorattack.A．hoped;carryingonB．expected;launchingC．hoped;tocarryonD．expected;tolaunch40．WhatisthewayGeorgethoughtofenoughmoneytobuythehouse?A．togetB．gettingC．havinggotD．beinggot41．When______differentcultures,weoftenpayattentiononlytothedifferenceswithoutnoticingthemanysimilarities.A.comparedB.beingcomparedC.comparingD.havingcompared42．TheY-shapedMetroLine11,thelongestsubwayinChina,JiadingDistrict,NanhuiDistrictandthedowntowncity,willbecompletedinlate2009.A．connectingB．connectsC．tobeconnectedD．willconnect43．Theprofessorcanhardlyfindsufficientgroundshisargument.A．whichtobebasedonB．onwhichtobaseC．whichtobebasedD．whichtobase
96
97句子结构复合句精练1___hasbeenmadecleartoallofyou,noneofyouaretocomelatetoclassfromtodayon.A.ItB.AsC.WhatD.Which2Oneofthebestways______canprotecttheenvironmentissustainabledevelopment.A.whichB.inwhichC.howD.that3Althoughbornandeducatedinthecountryside,Joe’dlikeverymuchtowork___thebigcompaniesare,becomingatopaccountant.A.whichB.whenC.whereD.because4.Popmusicissuchanimportantpartofsociety____ithaseveninfluencedourlanguage.A.asB.thatC.whichD.where5.Allpeople,_____theyareoldoryoung,havebeentryingtheirbesttohelpthoseinneed.A.evenifB.whetherC.nomatterD.however6._____isknowntousallisthatthe2008OlympicGameswilltakeplaceinBeijing.A.ItB.WhatC.AsD.Which7.Lastweek,onlytwopeoplecametolookatthehouse,_____wantedtobuyit.A.neitherofwhomB.bothofthemC.noneofwhomD.neitherifwhich8.—Wheredidyougettoknowher?—Itwasonthefarm_____weworked.A.thatB.thereC.whichD.where9.①Itis3years______hisbrotherjoinedthearmy.②Itis3yearsago_____hisbrotherjoinedthearmy.③It"llbe3years_____hecomesbackA.sinceB.thatC.afterD.before10.Thenews____ourathleteswonanothergoldmedalwasreportedinyesterday’snewspaper.A.whichB.whetherC.whatD.that11.Pleaseremindmeofthemeetingagaintomorrow___Iforget.A.thoughB.sothatC.incaseD.until12.Thosesuccessfuldeafdancersthinkdancingisanactivity__sightmattersmorethanhearing.A.whenB.whoseC.whichD.where13.Youcanonlybesureof___youhaveatpresent;youcan’tbesureofsomething___youmightgetinthefuture.A.that;whatB.what;/C.what;whatD./;that14.Theroadconditionsthereturnedouttobeverygood,___wasmorethanwecouldexpect.A.itB.whatC.whichD.that15.____hereferredtoinhisarticlewasunknowntothegeneralreaders.A.ThatB.WhetherC.WhatD.Where16.Thelawyerseldomwearsanythingotherthanasuit_______theseason.A.whateverB.whereverC.wheneverD.however17..Nooneknows_______preventedthefirefromspreading.A.whatwasitthatB.whatitwasthatC.howitwasthatD.whyitwasthat18.InCopenhagenclimatesummit,countriesweretryingtocreatetheyhopedwouldbethebestwaytosavetheplanetalthoughargumentsexisted.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.who19.ItwasinAmerica,therefore,thegreatadvancesinnineteenth-centuryagriculturalmachineryfirstcame.A.whereB.whenC.thatD.inwhich20.Afterleavinghisgovernmentserviceasalawyer,_______.A.peoplewereamazedbythemusichecomposedB.manyfamouspieceswerecomposedC.hecreatedmanyfamouscompositions.D.composingmusicbecamethemostimportantthinginhislife21.Itwastwomonths_______theyoungmanmasteredtheskillofrunningthemachineintroducedfromGermany.A.sinceB.whenC.thatD.before22.___________,lackofcleanfreshwaterpresentsanevengreaterthreat.A.AsbadastheaircanbeB.BadastheaircanbeC.TheaircanbebadD.Astheaircanbebad23.Istillrememberthedays_____wespentinthecountryside.
98A.whenB.thatC.inwhichD.where24.Everyintervieweewasaskedtodescribeanoccasion____hefeltveryembarrassedandhowhedealtwithit.A.whichB.whenC.whereD.inwhich25.Einstein’smostfamoustheoryis________wecalltheTheoryofRelativity.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.how26.Thetravelersencouragedeachothertogoon____difficultiestheymet.A.howeverB.whateverC.nomatterD.although27.Itwasnotuntildark______hefound______hethoughtwasthecorrectwaytosolvetheproblem.A.that,whatB.that,thatC.when,whatD.when,that28.Astorygoes_______ElizabethIofEnglandlikednothingmorethanbeingsurroundedbycleverandqualifiednoblemenatcourt.A.whenB.whereC.whatD.that29.Youaresayingthateveryoneshouldbeequal,andthisis_______Idisagree.A.whyB.whereC.whatD.how30._______Iacceptthatheisnotperfect,Idoactuallyliketheperson.A.WhileB.SinceC.BeforeD.Unless31.Hewashidingbehindthedoor______hecouldseewhatwashappening.A.whichB.fromwhereC.fromwhichD.where32.Theplace____thebridgeissupposedtobebuiltshouldbe____thecross-rivertrafficistheheaviest.A.which;whereB.atwhich;whichC.atwhich;whereD.which;inwhich33.Lookout!Don’tgettooclosetothehouse______roofisunderrepair.A.whoseB.whichC.ofwhichD.what34.Doris"successliesinthefact___sheisco-operativeandeagertolearnfromothers.A.whichB.thatC.whenD.why35.①Tom,______Iwenttotheconcert,isafriendofmine.A.whomB.whoC.withwhomD.whose②Tom,______bicycle1wenttotheconcert,isafriendofmine.A.whomB.whoC.whoseD.onwhose36.①Theday______shespentwithuswasnevertobeforgotten.A./B.onwhichC.whenD.inwhich②Theday______sheplayedwithuswasnevertobeforgotten.A.thatB.whenC.whichD./37.①Isthisthefactory______youvisitedlastweekA.whereB.whichC.towhichD.inwhich②Isthisfactory______youvisitedlastweekA.thatBwhichCinwhichD.theone38.(1)Makeamark___youhaveanyquestions.(2)Makeamarkattheplace___youhaveanyquestions.A.ThatB.whichC.where39____wearesureaboutistheneedtopreventchildrenfrombeingspoiled.A.WhatB.WhichC.WhetherD.That40.Theseasideheredrawsalotoftouristseverysummer.Warmsunshineandsoftsandsmake_____itis.A.whatB.whichC.howD.where41．①Heisoneofthestudentswho_______goodatdrawing.②Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswho_______goodatdrawing.A.isB.doesC.areD.do42．①HelivedinthecityofBeijing______there"sathemepark.②HelivedinthecityofBeijingand_____there"sathemepark.A.inthatB.initC.whereD.wherever43．①Tomgotthefirstplace,___madehisparentshappy.②Tomgotthefirstplace,and__madehisparentshappy.A.asB.whichC.thatD.these44．①______hesaidsomadeusveryhappy.②______hesaidmadeusveryhappy.A.WhichB.WhatC.ThatD.it45．①______we"llhaveameetingtomorrowhasbeendecided.②______we"llhaveameetingtomorrowhasnotbeendecided.A.ThatB.IfC.WhetherD.what46．①Ourteacherdid______hecouldtohelpus.②Ourteacherdidall______hecouldtohelpus.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.whom47．①Fatherpromised_____IstudiedharderhewouldtakemetoBeijingnextsummer.②Fatherpromised____hewouldtakemetoBeijingnextsummerifIstudiedharder.A.thatB.ifC.thatifD.ifthat48．①_____makesmefeelsadseeingyoulivingallalone.②______makesmefeelsadisseeingyoulivingallalone.A.ThatB.ThisC.ItD.What49．①_____JapanlieseastofChinaisknowntoall.②Idon"tknow____hashappenedtohimnow.A.ifB.whatC.thatD.where50．①There______nobuses,wehadtowalkhome.②There_____nobuses,sowehadtowalkhome.A.isB.wereC.areD.being51．①Studyhard,______you"llsucceed.②Studyhard,_____you"llfail.A.unlessB.orC.butD.and
9952．①Sheis______goodateacherthatwealllikeher.②Sheis_____goodteacherthatwealllikeher.A.soB.suchC.suchaD.quitea1BDCBB6BADabdD11CDBCC16ABCCC21DBBBA26BADBA31BCABcd36abbdccAA41cacbbccbac46accacdcbdb51dbac句子结构非谓语精选1.Everyoneinourclasswasworkinghardanddoingwhatwecould_______agoodcollege.A.enterB.toenterC.enteringD.entered2.Heknowsnothingaboutit,sohecan’thelp_______anyofyourwork.A.doingB.todoC.beingdoingD.tobedone3.Allhertime_______experiments,shehasnotimeforfilms.A.devotedtodoB.devotedtodoingC.devotingtodoingD.isdevotedtodoing4.Notonlyshouldyougetused____underdifficultconditionsbutyoualsoyoupaymoreattention___yourworkwell.A.towork,todoB.toworking,todoingC.towork,todoingD.toworking,todo5.“Doyouhaveanythingmore______,sir?”“No.Youcanhavearestordosomethingelse.”A.typingB.tobetypedC.typedD.totype6.Shetookherson,ranoutofthehouse,_____himinthecaranddrovequicklytothenearestdoctor’soffice.A.putB.toputC.puttingD.havingput7.Thebossinsistedthateveryminute______madefulluseof______theworkwell.A.be,todoB.was,doingC.be,doingD.was,todo8.Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee______thenextyear.A.carriedoutB.carryingoutC.carryoutD.tocarryout9.Howhappyweare!Theholidaywehavebeenlookingforward_______atlast.A.tohascomeB.tohavecomeC.tohavingcomeD.hascome10._______theroadroundtotherightandyou’llfindhishouse.A.FollowB.FollowingC.TofollowD.Followed11.Onceyourbusinessbecomesinternational,_____constantlywillbepartofyourlife.A.youflyB.yourflightC.flightD.flying12.Iwouldlove_______tothepartylastnightbutIhadtoworkextrahourstofinishareport.A.togoB.tohavegoneC.goingD.havinggone13.Beforeyoudecidetoleaveyourjob,_______theeffectitwillhaveonyourfamily.A.considerB.consideringC.toconsiderD.considered14.Anyone_______bags,boxes,orwhatever,wasstoppedbythepolice.A.seencarryB.seencarryingC.sawtocarryD.sawcarrying15.MrReedmadeuphismindtodevoteallhehadto_______someschoolsforpoorchildren.A.setupB.settingupC.havesetupD.havingsetup16.Thediscoveryofnewevidenceledto_______.A.thethiefhavingcaughtB.catchthethiefC.thethiefbeingcaughtD.thethieftobecaught17.Shelooksforwardeveryspringto___theflower-linedgarden.A.visitB.payingavisitC.walkinD.walkingin18.Totesteggs,_______theminabowlofwater:iftheyfloatthey’rebad,iftheysinkthey’regood.A.putB.puttingC.toputD.tobeputting19.“Mum,whydoyoualwaysmakemeeataneggeveryday?”“_enoughproteinandnutritionasyouaregrowingup.”A.GetB.GettingC.TogetD.tobegetting20.Hewasreadinghisbook,completely______totheworld.A.lostB.losingC.toloseD.tohavelost21.Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim_______.A.nottoB.nottodoC.notdoitD.donotdo22.Findinghercarstolen,_______.A.apolicemanwasaskedtohelpB.theareawassearchingthoroughlyC.itwaslookedforeverywhereD.shehurriedtoapolicemanforhelp23.Ifthereisalotofwork___,I"mhappytojustkeeponuntilitisfinished.A.todoB.tobedoingC.doneD.doing24.“Howdoyoudealwiththedisagreementbetweenthecompanyandthecustomers?”“Thekey______theproblemistomeetthedemand______bythecustomers.”A.tosolving,makingB.tosolving,madeC.tosolve,makingD.tosolve,made25.“WhatdoyouthinkmadeMarysoupset?”“_______hernewbike.”A.AsshelostB.LostC.LosingD.Becauseoflosing26.Theresearchissodesignedthatonce_______nothingcanbedonetochangeit.A.beginsB.havingbegunC.beginningD.begun27.Though________money,hisparentsmanagedtosendhimtouniversity.A.lackedB.lackingofC.lackingD.lackedin
10028.⑴Thesportmeet______nextweekisofgreatimportance.⑵Thesportsmeet______nowisveryimportant⑶Thesportsmeet____lastweekisofgreatimportance.A.holdingB.beingheldC.tobeheldD.held29.ThoughIhaveoftenheardthissong_______.Ihaveneverheardyou_______it.A.beingsung,sangB.sang,singingC.sung,singD.tobesung,tosing30.Heisamanoffewwords,andseldomspeaksuntil______to.A.spokenB.speakingC.speakD.bespoken31.WhenIhandedthereporttoJohn,hesaidthatGeorgewastheperson_______.A.tosendB.forsendingitC.tosendittoD.forsendingitto32._______ontime,thismedicinewillbequiteeffective.A.TakingB.BeingtakenC.TakenD.Havingtaken33.Iwonderifthisisthecomputeryouwant.A、tohaverepairedB、tohaveitrepairedC、ittoberepairedD、torepairit34.----Thelightintheofficeisstillon.----Oh,Iforgot.A、turningitoffB、turnitoffC、toturnitoffD、havingturneditoff35.Thepicture_______onthewallispaintedbymynephew.A.havinghungB.hangingC.hangsD.beinghung36.Withalotofdifficultproblems________,thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime.A.settledB.settingC.tosettleD.beingsettled37.Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouple,butitremains_______whethertheywillenjoyit.A.toseeB.tobeseenC.seeingD.seen38.Tonywasveryunhappyfor_______totheparty.A.havingnotbeeninvitedB.nothavinginvitedC.havingnotinvitedD.nothavingbeeninvited39.Whathavewesaid_______hersohappy?A.makesB.tomakeC.madeD.hasmade40.Whatworriedthechildmostwas______tovisithismotherinthehospital.A.hisnotallowingB.hisnotbeingallowedChisbeingnotallowedD.havingnotbeingallowed41.“Whichsweaterisyours?”“Theone_______No.9.”A.thatmarkedB.wasmarkedwithC.whichmarkedD.markedwith42.Ifthecarwon’tstart,_____it.A.trypushB.trypushingC.totrypushingD.totrytopush43.Theystayedupuntilmidnight_____theoldyearoutandthenewyearin.A.andsawB.toseeC.seeing44．.⑴_____fromthetower,ourTianjincitylooksmorebeautiful.⑵_____fromthetower,wecanseeourbeautifulTianjincity.A.SeeingB.SeenC.ToseeD.Havingseen45.⑴Heraisedhisvoiceinordertomakeus___him.⑵Heraisedhisvoiceinordertomakehimself_____.A.heardB.hearingC.hearD.tobeheard46.(1)Hestoodtherewithhiseyes_________hismother.(2)Hestoodthere,_______hismother.A.staringatB.staredonC.fixinguponD.fixedupon47.(1)Havingfinishedhomework,______.(2)Havingbeenfinished,_______.A.thehomeworkwashandedinB.theteacherpraisedhimC.hewenthomewithhisclassmatesD.andhewenthomequickly48.Theladysaidshewouldbuyagiftforherdaughterwiththe________.A.20dollarsremainedB.20dollarstoremainC.remained20dollarsD.remaining20dollars49.“Mum,whydoyoualwaysmakemeeataneggeveryday?”“_enoughproteinandnutritionasyouaregrowingup.”A.GetB.GettingC.TogetD.tobegetting50.Don’tworryabouthim,Mom.He’samanforallemergencies.A、preparingB、beingpreparedC、havingpreparedD、prepared51、Heturnedandwenttosleepagain,thatitwasstillearly.A、tothinkB、andthoughtC、thinkingD、thought52、pityonthesnakeledtohisowndeath.A、ThefarmertotakeB、ThefarmertakingC、Thefarmer’stakingD、Thefarmertook53、Allthings,theplannedtripwillhavetobecalledoff.A、consideredB、beconsideredC、consideringD、havingconsidered54、inthemountainsforaweek,thetwostudentswerefinallysavedbythelocalpolice.A、HavinglostB、LostC、BeinglostD、losing55、LastsummerItookacourseon.A、howtomakedressesB、howdressedbemadeC、howtobemadedressesD、howdressestobemade56、----IhearJohninamiddleschool.----What?Ican’timaginehimasateacher.A、teach;toworkB、teaches;workingC、teaches;toworkD、teach;working57、Doyouknowthedifficultyhehadsomanychildrenatschool?A、keepB、tohavekeptC、keepingD、kept58、Whodidyouseeinthemiddleofthefrontrowthatmuchnoise?A、seated;makingB、sit;madeC、sitting;tomakeD、seating;tomake
10159、Tomkeptquietabouttheaccidentlosehisjob.A、sonotastoB、soasnottoC、soastonotD、notsoasto60、Whodoyouwanttowithyou?A、havegoneB、havegoC、goingD、went61、inthequeueforhalfanhour,Tomsuddenlyrealizedthathehadlefthiswalletathome.A、TowaitB、HavewaitedC、HavingwaitedD、Tohavewaited1.BBBBB6AAAAA11.DBABB16.CDACA21.ADABC26.DCcbdCA31CCACB36.CBDBB41.DBBbaca.46.dacaDCD51.CCABA56.BCABB61.C高中英语测试一、英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）请从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，关在答题卡上将该21.TheywillflytoWashington,theyplantostayfortwoorthreedays.A.whereB.thereC.whichD.when22.Itwasnotuntilmidnighttheyreachedthecampsite.A.thatB.whenC.whileD.as23.JudyisgoingtomarrythesailorsheinRomelastyear.A.meetsB.metC.hasmetD.wouldmeet24.----Couldweseeeachotherat3o’clockthisafternoon?----Sorry,let’smakeittime.A.other’sB.theotherC.anotherD.other25.PeopleinChongqingareproudoftheyhaveachievedinthepasttenyears.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.how26.OnlywhenIleftmyparentsforItalyhowmuchIlovedthem.A.IrealizedB.IhadrealizedC.hadIrealizedD.didIrealize27.InmanyplacesinChina,bicycleisstillpoplarmeansoftransportation.A.a;theB./;aC.the;aD.the;the28.---MayIaskaquestionafterclass,Sir?---,butnotduringmylunchbreak.A.I’msorryB.AnytimeC.CertainlyD.Goahead29.toreachthemonthephone,wesentanemailinsteadA.FailB.FailedC.TofailD.Havingfailed30.---Ican’tfindmypurseanywhere.---Youhavelostitwhileshopping.A.mayB.canC.shouldD.would31._______mattersmostinlearningEnglishisenoughpractice.A.WhatB.WhyC.WhereD.Which32.Atthebeginningofclass,thenoiseofdesks_______couldbeheardoutsidetheclassroom.A.openedandclosedB.tobeopenedandclosedC.beingopenedandclosedD.toopenandclose33.Allpeople,theyareoldoryoung,richorpoor,havebeentryingtheirbesttohelpthoseinneedsincethedisaster.A.evenifB.whetherC.nomatterD.however34.---IamafraidIcan’treturnthebooktoyoubeforeFriday.---.A.Don’tbeafraidB.BecarefulC.NotatallD.Takeyourtime35.Teenagerstheirhealthbecausetheyplaycomputergamestoomuch.A.havedamagedB.aredamagingC.damagedD.willdamage第二节完型填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
102请阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从36—55各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将选项的标号涂黑。IwasonabusoneMarchevening.Thedriverdidn’t36tostartthebussoonbecauseitwasnotyet37.Amiddle-agedwomangoton.Tiredandsad,shetoldherstory38,nottoanyoneinparticular.Onherwaytothestation,halfofher39wasstolen.Theotherhalfwashiddenunderherblouse,soshe40stillhadsomeleft.Afewminuteslater,shestoppedcrying,butstilllooked41.Whenalltheseatsweretaken,thedriverstartedtheengine.Theconductorbegantocollectfares(车费).Whenshecametoanoldmaninworn-outclothes,he42thathehadspentallhismoneywhenhehadaccidentallygotonawrongbusandnowhewastryingtogohome.Onhearingthis,sheorderedtheoldmanto43thebus.Theoldmanwasalmostintearsashe44hertolethimtakethebushome.Thedrivertooktheconductor’ssideandrepeatedtheconductor’s45.Thewomanwaswatchingtheincident.46thedriverandtheconductorraisedtheirvoicesattheoldman,sheinterfered(干预).“Stop47him!Can’tyouseehe’sonlytryingtogethome?”“Hedoesn’thaveanymoney!”thedriver48.“Well,that’sno49tothrowhimoffthebus,”sheinsisted.Thenshereachedinsideherblouse,lookouther50money,andhandedittotheconductor.“Here’shisfareandmine.Juststopgivinghima51time.”Allheadsturnedtothewoman.“It’sonlymoney,”sheshrugged.Sherodetherestofthewayhome52ahappysmile,withthemoneyshe’dlostearlier53.Ontheroadoflife,thehelpofstrangerscan54ourloadsandliftourspirits.Howmuchsweeterthe55willbewhenwemakeitalittlesmootherforothers!36.A.tryB.careC.decideD.intend37.A.emptyB.fullC.crowdedD.ready38.A.tearfullyB.seriouslyC.carefullyD.calmly39.A.fareB.possessionC.moneyD.wealth40.A.strangelyB.happilyC.secretlyD.fortunately41.A.unsatisfiedB.weakC.unhappyD.excited42.A.explainedB.declaredC.admittedD.found43.A.getoffB.startC.getonD.stop44.A.beggedB.scoldedC.praisedD.thanked45.A.requestB.actionC.suggestionD.command46.A.UnlessB.AlthoughC.UntilD.When47.A.attackingB.botheringC.blamingD.wronging48.A.warnedB.whisperedC.shoutedD.repeated49.A.problemB.needC.matterD.reason50.A.spendingB.collectedC.remainingD.borrowed51.A.busyB.coldC.hardD.fearful52.A.givingB.wearingC.takingD.forcing53.A.forgottenB.usedC.earnedD.returned54.A.moveB.increaseC.lightenD.carry55.A.worldB.journeyC.smileD.friendship三、阅读理解（共20小题年每小题2分，满分40分）请阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将该选项的标号涂黑。AIarrivedatmymother’shomeforourMondayfamilydinner.Thesmellsoffoodflewoverfromthekitchen.Motherwaspullingoutquilt(被子)afterquiltfromtheboxes,proudlyshowingmetheirbeauties.ShewaspreparingforaquiltshowattheElmhurstChurch.Whenwebegantofoldandputthembackintotheboxes,Inoticedsomethingatthebottomofonebox.Ipulleditout.“Whatisthis?”Iasked.“Oh?”Momsaid,“That’sMama’squilt.”Ispreadthequilt.Itlookedatifagroupofschoolchildrenhadpiecedittogether;irregulardesigns,childishpictures,acrookedlineontheright.“Grandmothermadethis?”Isaid,surprised.Mygrandmotherwasamasteratmakingquilts.Thiscertainlydidn’tlooklikeanyofthequiltsshehadmade.“Yes,rightbeforeshedied.Ibroughtithomewithmelastyearandmadesomechanges,”shesaid.“I’mstill
103workingonit.See,thisiswhatI’vedonesofar.”Ilookedatitmoreclosely.Shehadmadestraightacrookedline.Atthecenterofthequilt,shehadstitched(缝)apieceofclothwiththesewords:“Mymothermademanyquilts.Shedidn’tgetalllinesstraight.ButIthinkthisisbeautiful.Iwanttoseeitfinished.Herlastquilt.”“Ooh,thisissonice,Mom,”Isaid.Itoccurredtomethatbycompletingmygrandmother’squilt,mymotherwashonoringherownmother.Irealized,too,thatIheldinmyhandsafamilytreasure.Itstartedwiththelovinghandsofonewoman,andcontinuedwiththelovinghandsofanother.56.Whydidtheauthorgotomother’shome?A.Toseehermother’squilts.B.Tohelpprepareforashow.C.Togettogetherforthefamilydinner.D.Todiscusshergrandmother’slife.57.Theauthorwassurprisedbecause.A.thequiltlookedverystrange.B.hergrandmotherlikedthequilt.C.thequiltwasthebestshehadseen.D.hermotherhadmadesomechanges58.Theunderlinedwood“crooked”inthepassagemostprobablymeans.A.unfinishedB.brokenC.bentD.unusual59.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.AQuiltShowB.Mother’sHomeC.AMondayDinnerD.Grandmother’sQuiltBWhileallmyclassmatesseentobecrazyaboutaone-waytickettoMars(火星),I’drathersayMarsistotallyunsuitableforhumanexistence.Peoplewon’thaveenoughfoodsuppliesthere,andtheterribleenvironmentwouldmakeitimpossibleforthemtolivealonglife.Besides,thejourneywon’tbesafe.CananybodyexplaintomejustwhypeoplewouldgotoMars,nevertoreturn?SteveMinear,UKHerearethethingsyoucanthinkof:thedesiretoexploreaforeignanduniqueenvironment,theexcitementofbeingthefirsthumanstoopenupanewworld,theexpectationoffameandglory…Forscientiststhereisanotherreason.Theirobservationsandresearchwillprobablyleadtogreatscientificachievements.DonalTrollop,CanadaTherearealreadytoomanypeopleontheEarth.Ithinkthatsometimebeforetheendofthecentury,therewillbeahumancolony(殖民地)onMars.Itwillhappenwhenpeoplefinallyrealizethattow-waytripstotheredplanetMarsareunnecessary.MostofthedangerofspaceFlightisinthelaunches(发射)andlandings.Cuttingthetriphomewouldthereforereducethedangerofaccidents,savealotofmoney,andopenthewaytobuildinganeverlastinghumansettlementonanotherworld.Enoughsuppliescanbesentonahead.Andeverytwoyearsmoresuppliesandmorepeoplewillneeds,andMarsisfarmorepleasantthantheotherplanetsintheouterspace.PaulDavies.USA60.ThemainpurposeofSteveMinear’swritingis.A.toreporthisclassmates’discussionB.toinviteananswertohisquestionC.toexplainthenaturalstateofMarsD.toshowhisagreementongoingtoMars61.WhichofthefollowingbeststatesDonalTrollop’sidea?A.ThereisaplantosendhumanstoMars.B.TherearemanyreasonsforgoingtoMars.C.ScientistsbecomefamousbydoingresearchonMars.D.ItispossibletobuildanEarth-likeenvironmentonMars.62.PaulDaviespointsoutthat.
104A.humansneedonlyaone-waytickettoMars.B.two-waytripstoMarswillbemadesafesoonC.itiseasytoreducethedangerandcostofflightstoMarsD.itischeaptobuildaneverlastinghumansettlementonMars63.WhatdoesPaulDaviesthinkofhumanexistenceonMars?A.HumanswillhavetobringalltheyneedfromtheEarth.B.HumanswillfindMarstotallyunsuitableforliving.C.Humanscanproduceeverythingtheyneed.D.HumanscanlivelongerinthecolonyonMars.第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）以下标有题号的每一行均有一个错误，请找出，并按下列情况改正：此行多一个词：把多余的词注意：请在答题卡上作答。TheStoryaboutGrowthismyfavoriteAmericanTVplaybecauseitisveryinterested.Theplay76.tellshumorousstoriesthathappenintheGreen’s77.family.Withsuchstoriesitmakepeoplethink78.aboutlife,butthereforeattractstheaudience.Itis79.alsoawindowwhichwecanlearnaboutAmerican80.society.Andthereweremanymeaningfulthingsthat81.areworththinkof,suchastherelationshipbetween82.parentsandchildreninalotofAmericanfamily.It83.isquitedifferentfromthoseinChina.Theplayis84.verypopular.We’dbetternottomissthechance85.toenjoyit.第二节书面表达（满分25分）学校网站新开设了一个“英语写作”栏目（column），以便学生发表（post）英语作文，进行交流，提高写作能力。现请你为该栏目写一个英文介绍，内容包括：●开设目的●栏目优势：教师在线（online）指导等●作文要求：内容贴近学生生活●优秀作文的鼓励办法●邀请大家参与Welcometothecolumn“EnglishWriting”!二、英语知识运用第一节单项填空21.A22.A23.B24.C25.C26.D27.C28.C29.D30.A31.A32.C33.B34.D35.B第二节完形填空36.D37.B38.A39.C40.D41.C42.A43.A44.A45.D46.D47.B48.C49.D50.C51.C52.B53.A54.C55.B三、阅读理解56.C57.A58.C59.D60.B61.B62.A63.C四、写作第一节短文改错76.interesting77.去掉the78.makes79.and80.through(from)81.are82.thinking83.families84.that85.去掉to第二节：书面表达Welcometothecolumu”EnglishWriting”!Inordertoimprovestudents’ablityofwriting,letstudentscommunitewitheachothermoreconvenientlyandstudentscanposttheirEnglisharticleseasier,ourschoolsetupanewcolumn“EnglishWriting”intheInternet.Inthisnewcolumn,therearemanygoodteacherscorrectstudents’Englisharticlesonline.theywillpointoutstudents’mistakesandcorrectthem.Inaddition,theteacherswilltellstudenrssomenewwords,phrasesandsomeadvantagesentencestomaketheirarticlesmorewonderful.What’smore,ifstudentshavesomemistakesofgrammer,teacherswillteachtheypatiently.Thearticleswhichareaboutstudents’lifesarewelcome.Thisnewcolumnencouragesstudentstowritetheirfeeings
105whentheyseesomethingsintheirlifesSomegoodEnglisharticleswillbepostintheEnglishNewsparper.Andineveryweekend,teachersandstudentswillchoosethetopof5Englisharticles.Thestudentwhosearticleshavebeenchoosen5timeswillbegivenaFreeBooksCardvalus100yuan.Welcometothecolumu”EnglishWriting”again!”EnglishWriting”willbemorewonderfulsineyouarehere.
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