英语语法----名词性式句 15页

英语语法――名词性从句在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句。名词从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。一、主语从句1． 定义：用作主语的从句叫做主语从句。2． 构成：关联词+简单句3． 引导主语从句的关联词有三类：(1)   从属连词that。如：Thattheywereintruthsisterswasclearfromthefacialresemblancebetweenthem.很明显，她们确是亲姐妹，她们的脸型很相似。(2)   从属连词whether。如：Whetherhe’llcomehereisn’tclear. 他是否会来这里还不清楚。(3)   连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever连接副词where,when,how,why。如：Whatshedidisnotyetknown. 她干了什么尚不清楚。Howthishappenedisnotcleartoanyone.这事怎样发生的，谁也不清楚。Whoevercomesiswelcome. 不论谁来都欢迎。Whereveryouareismyhome----myonlyhome.你所在的任何地方就是我的家----我唯一的家。1． 主语从句能用it作形式上的主语。常以it作形式主语的句型有：A.     It+be+形容词(obvious,true,natural,surprising,good,wonderful,funny,possible,likely,certain,probable,etc.)+that从句。Itiscertainthatshewilldowellinherexam.毫无疑问她考试成绩会很好。Itisprobablethathetoldhereverything.很可能他把一切都告诉她了。B.     It+be+名词词组(nowonder,anhonour,agoodthing,apity,nosurprise,etc.)+that从句。如：It’sapitythatwecan’tgo.  很遗憾我们不能去。It’snosurprisethatourteamshouldhavewonthegame.我们没赢这场比赛真意外。C.       It+be+过去分词(said,reported,thought,expected,decided,announced,arranged,etc.)+that从句。如：ItissaidthatMr.GreenhasarrivedinBeijing.据说格林先生已经到了北京。ItisreportedthatChinahassentanotherman-madeearthsatelliteintoorbit.据报道中国又成功地发射了一颗人造地球卫星。D.    It+seem,happen等不及物动词及短语+that从句。如：ItseemsthatAliceisnotcomingtothepartyatall.Alice似乎不来参加晚会。IthappenedthatIwasoutthatday.碰巧我那天外出了。E.     It+doesn’tmatter(makesnodifference,etc.)+连接代词或连接副词引起的主语从句。如：Itdoesn’tmatterwhethershewillcomeornot.她是否来这无关紧要。Itmakesnodifferencewhereweshallhavethemeeting.我们在哪里开会毫无区别。F.     当that引导的主语从句出现在疑问句中时，要以it作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。如：Isittruethatthescientistwillgiveusalecturenextweek?下周那位科学家将给我们作报告是真的吗？Doesitmattermuchthattheywillnotcometomorrow?他们明天不来很要紧吗？G.当主语从句出现在感叹句中时，要以it作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。如：名词性从句　　第15页 Howstrangeitisthatthechildrenaresoquiet!孩子们这么安静真奇怪！2．注意连接代词whoever,whatever,whichever等引导主语从句的含义Whoevercomeswillbewelcome.(whoever=thepersonwho)来的人将受到欢迎。Whateverhedidwasright.(whatever=thethingthat) 他所做的事情是正确的。Whicheverofyoucomesinwillreceiveaprize.(whichever=anyoneofyouwho)你们当中不论哪个进来将会得到奖励。二、表语从句1． 定义：用作表语的从句叫做表语从句。2． 构成：关联词+简单句3． 引导表语从句的关联词的种类：(1)   从属连词that。如：ThetroubleisthatIhavelosthisaddress. 麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。(2)   从属连词whether,as,asif。如：Helookedjustashehadlookedtenyearsbefore. 他看起来还与十年前一样。Thequestioniswhethertheywillbeabletohelpus.问题是他们是否能帮我们。注：从属连词if一般不用来引导表语从句，但asif却可引导表语从句，如：Allthiswasovertwentyyearsago,butit’sasifitwasonlyyesterday.这都是20多年前的事了，但宛如昨天一样。能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动词be,seem,look等。如：Itlookedasifitwasgoingtorain.看起来天要下雨了。 (3)连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever连接副词where,when,how,why。如：Theproblemiswhowecangettoreplaceher.问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。Thequestionishowhedidit. 问题是他是如何做此事的。Thatwaswhatshedidthismorningonreachingtheattic.那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。1． 连词because可引导表语从句。如：Ithinkitisbecauseyouaredoingtoomuch.我想这是因为你做得太多。2． 在一些表示“建议、劝说、命令”的名词后面的表语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气。should+动词原形表示，should可省略。如：Mysuggestionisthatwe(should)startearlytomorrow.我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。三、宾语从句1． 定义：用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。2． 构成：关联词+简单句3． 引导宾语从句的关联词有三类：(1)   从属连词that。如：Hetoldusthathefeltill. 他对我们说他感到不舒服。Iknowhehasreturned. 我知道他已经回来了。注：that在引导宾语从句时也并不是任何情况下都可以省略。在以下情况下，that不能省略。1． EverybodycouldseewhathappenedandthatTomwasfrightened.(and连接两个宾语从句，that宾语从句放在and的后面时，that不能省略。)大家都会看出所发生的事情并知道Tom非常害怕。2．Iknownothingabouthimexceptthatheisfromthesouth.(that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时，that不能省略。)对他我一无所知，只知道他是南方人。名词性从句　　第15页 3．ThatheeversaidsuchathingIsimplydon’tbelieve.(that从句位于句首时，that不可省略。)我简直不相信他曾说过这样的话。4． Wedecided,inviewofhisspecialcircumstances,thatwewouldadmithimforaprobationaryperiod.(主句谓语动词与that从句之间有插入语，that不可省略。)鉴于他的特殊情况，我们决定应允他一段试用期。(2)从属连词if/whether。如：Idoubtwhetherhewillsucceed. 我怀疑他是否会成功。Idon’tknowifyoucanhelpme. 我不知道你能否帮助我。(3)连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever连接副词where,when,how,why。Whoorwhathewas,Martinneverlearned.他是什么人？他是干什么的？马丁根本不知道。Iwonderwhathe’swritingtomeabout. 我不知道他要给我写信说什么事。I’lltellyouwhyIaskedyoutocome.我会告诉你我为什么要你来。Youmaydowhatyouwill. 你可做任何你想做的事。(1)     介词宾语从句宾语从句也可用作介词的宾语。如：Hewasdeeplydispleasedbywhathadoccurredthatday.他对那天发生的事感到很不快。Iwalkedovertowhereshesat.  我走向她坐的地方。Iamcuriousastowhathewillsay. 我很想知道他要说什么。Yoursuccesswilllargelydependuponwhatyoudoandhowyoudoit.你是否成功将主要取决于你做什么和怎样做。有时介词可以省略。如：Idon’tcare(for)whomarrieshim. 我不管谁跟他结婚。Becareful(asto)howyoudothat. 你要注意做这件事的方式。1．如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。如：WethoughtitstrangethatXiaoWangdidnotcomeyesterday.我们认为小王昨天没来是奇怪的。Hehasmadeitclearthathewillnotgivein.他已表明他不会屈服。2．作介词的宾语：连词that引导的名词性从句很少作介词的宾语，只用在except,but,in后。其他一些介词的宾语从句如果由连词that引导，则需用it先行一步，作形式宾语。如：Heisagoodstudentexceptthatheiscareless.他是一个好学生，只是有点粗心。YoumayrelyonitthatIshallhelpyou.你可以指望我会帮助你的。介词宾语不可以用which来引导，而要用what来引导。如：Areyousorryforwhatyou’vedone?你为你所做的一切感到内疚吗？3．某些形容词或过去分词后常接宾语从句，这类形容词或过去分词有sure,glad,certain,pleased,happy,afraid,surprised,satisfied等，连词that可省略。如：IamnotsurewhatIoughttodo.我不能确定我该做什么。I’mafraidyoudon’tunderstandwhatIsaid.恐怕你没领会我说的意思。I’msurprisedthatIdidn’tseeallthatbefore.我好奇怪，我以前没看到过。Motherwasverypleasedherdaughterhadpassedtheexams.妈妈为她的女儿通过了考试而感到高兴。4．连词whether(…ornot)或if引导的宾语从句if和whether引导的宾语从句可以互换使用，但whether常和ornot连用，if一般不与ornot连用。如：Iwonderwhetheritistrueornot.我不知它是真是假。名词性从句　　第15页 用if引导宾语从句如果会引起歧义，应避免使用if而用wheter。试比较：Pleaseletmeknowifyouwanttogo.Pleaseletmeknowwhetheryouwanttogo.if从句可理解为宾语从句，意为“请告诉我你是否想去”；此句又可理解为条件状语从句意为“如果你想去的话，请告诉我一声”。5．宾语从句的否定转移。在think,believe,suppose,expect等动词后的宾语从句，有时谓语尽管是否定意思，却不用否定形式，而将think等动词变为否定形式。如：Idon’tthinkyouareright.我认为你错了。Idon’tbelievetheyhavefinishedtheirworkyet.我相信他们还未完成他们的工作。Idon’tsupposehecares,doeshe?我想他不在意，是吗？6． 宾语从句的时态变化规律：(1)   当主句是一般现在时态时，从句可根据需要用任何时态。(2)   当主句是一般过去时态时，从句只能使用过去范围内的任何时态。但客观真理除外。如：Theteachersaidthattheearthgoesroundthesun.老师说地球绕着太阳运行。四、同位语从句1． 定义：用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。2． 用法：同位语从句的先行词多为fact,news,idea,thought,question,reply,report,remark等，关联词多用从属连词that。Theywereallverymuchworriedoverthefactthatyouweresick.对你生病这件事，他们都很焦虑。WheredidyougettheideathatIcouldnotcome?你在哪儿听说我不能来？EarlyinthedaycamethenewsthatGermanyhaddeclaredwaronRussia.德国已对俄国宣战的消息一大早就传来了。注：同位语从句偶尔由从属连词whether引导。如：Ihavenoideawhetherhe’llcomeornot.我不知道他是否来。连[接代词who,which,what和连接副词where,when,why,how亦可引导同位语从句。Thequestionwhoshoulddotheworkrequiresconsideration.谁该干这项工作，这个问题需要考虑。Wehaven’tyetsettledthequestionwherewearegoingtospendoursummervacation.到哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。Itisaquestionhowhedidit.那是一个他如何做了此事的问题。1．that引导的同位语从句与定语从句之区别 that引导的同位语从句that引导的定语从句句法功能上that只起连接从句的作用，无意义。在从句中不充当句子成分。不省。that替代先行词在从句中不仅起连接作用，还充当一个句子成分。如在从句中作动词的宾语时可省略。意义上从句是被修饰名词的内容。从句起限定作用，是定语如：ThenewsthatMr.LiwillbeournewEnglishteacheristrue.(同位语从句，that不可省。)李先生将是我们的新英语老师这个消息是真的。Thenews(that)hetoldmeyesterdayistrue.(定语从句，that在从句中作told的宾语，可省。)他昨天告诉我的消息是真的。2．一些表示“建议、命令、要求”的名词如suggestion,advice,proposal,desire,demand,request,requirement,order,decision,command后所跟的同位语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气should+动词原形表示。should名词性从句　　第15页 可省。如：Thisisouronlyrequestthatthis(should)besettledassoonaspossible.这就是我们唯一的请求：尽快解决这个问题。名词性从句专项练习(一)1.____wecan"tgetseemsbetterthan____wehave.A.What,whatB.What,thatC.That,thatD.That,what2.____we"llgoingcampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where3.Itisafact___Englishisbeingacceptedaninternationallanguage.A.thatB.whetherC.whenD.why4.----Doyouremember____hecame?----Yes,Ido,hecamebybus.A.howB.whenC.thatD.if5.____hesaidatthemeetingastonished(使......吃惊)everybodypresent.A.WhatB.ThatC.ThefactD.Thematter6.Iremember____thisusedtobeaquietvillage.A.whenB.howC.whereD.what7.Itworriedherabit____herhairwasturninggrey(白色).A.whileB.thatC.ifD.for8.Thereweresomanykindsoftape-recordersthatIcan"tmakeupmymind_____tobuy.A.whatB.whichC.howD.where9.____the2000OlympicGameswillbeheldinBeijingisnotknownyet.A.WheneverB.IfC.WhetherD.That10.Goandgetyourcoat.It"s____youleftit.A.thereB.whereC.therewhereD.wherethere11._____theywillbuildthenewfactoryisnotdecidedyet.A.WhatB.WhereC.HowlongD.If12.Doesitmatter____hecan"tfinishthejobontime?A.whatB.thatC.ifD.where13.Noonecanbesure____inamillionyears.A.whatmanwilllooklikeB.whatwillmanlooklikeC.manwilllooklikewhatD.whatlookwillmanlike14.____leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.A.AnyoneB.ThepersonC.WhoeverD.Who15.Theywanttoknow____dotohelpus.A.whatcantheyB.whattheycanC.howtheycanD.howcanthey16.____writerisbetterknowinchina,CharlieDickensorMarkTwain?A.WhichB.WhatC.EitherD.Whether17.Thesephotographeswillshowyou____.A.whatdoesourvillagelooklikeB.whatourvillagelookslikeC.howdoesourvillagelooklikeD.howourvillagelookslike18.Upongraduation(一毕业)hewasaskedtobesentto_____.A.whereheismostneededB.whereheneededC.whereheismostlyneededD.whereishe名词性从句　　第15页 mostlyneeded19.____youhavedonemightdoharm(伤害)tootherpeople.A.ThatB.WhatC.WhetherD.How20.Theyhavenoideaatall____.A.wherehehasgoneB.wheredidhegoC.whichplacehehasgoneD.wherehashegone21.Canyoutellme____therailwaystation?A.howIcangettoB.howcanIgettoC.whereIcangettoD.wherecanIgetto22.Canyoutellme_____?A.whoisthatgentlemanB.thatgentlemaniswhoC.whothatgentlemanisD.whomisthatgentleman23.----____haveyoubeenawayfromhome?----Ihavebeenawayfromhomeforfivemonths.A.HowmuchB.WhattimeC.HowlongD.When24.____hesaidistrue.A.WhatB.ThatC.WhichD.Whether25.----Listentomecarefully,please.----Nomatter____yousay,Iwon"tgiveup.A.howB.whichC.whatD.whatever26.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild____heorshewants.A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever27.Youcantakeaway_____youlikebestamongthesebooks.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.how28.Itiscertain____theywillgoonavisittothechemicalworksnearby.A.whetherB.asifC.howfastD.that29.Iwonder_____youcanshowmehowtousethecomputertonight?A.howB.ifC.whatD.when30.----Heasked_____youthoughtofthefilmlastnight?----Itiswonderful.Ithink.A.howB.whetherC.whatD.why31.Somethinghappenedtohim.Thatis____hedidn"tattendedthemeeting.A.thatB.becauseC.whyD.because32.Thequestionis_____theywillspendtheirholidayhere.A.whereB.whenC.howoftenD.if33.----_____doseJanegotoseehisgrandmother?----Nowandthen.A.HowlongB.HowsoonC.HowoftenD.Howmuch34.Doyouknow_____wedependontheearthgravity(引力)?A.howfastB.howmuchC.howgreatD.howlarge35.Youshouldgobackto_____youstoodjustnow.A.whereB.theplaceC.thatD.therewhere36.____yousaidtousis_____wewanttoknownow.A.What,whatB.That,whatC.What,howD.That,whether37.----______isyours?----Theoneclosetothegreenone.A.WhichB.WhatC.WhatcolorD.How名词性从句　　第15页 38.----Couldyoutellme_____hecamehere?----Tobuyatape-recorder.A.WhatB.WhyC.HowD.Where39.----Canyoutellme_____coatitis?----Mine.A.who"sB.whichC.whoseD.what40.Theproblemis______theywillelectmanageratthenextmeeting.A.whichoneB.whomC.howD.why41.Iwanttoknow______themanoverthereis?A.whatB.whenC.whyD.which42.Youcanoffertheradioto____isinthebestneednow.A.whoeverB.whoC.whateverD.which43.Ireallydidn"tknow_____youdealtwiththedrunkman.A.howB.whatC.howsoonD.forwhich44.Asweallknow,Datongis_____ourteacherwasbornin1969.A.whenB.howC.whereD.that45._____thewrokshouldbedonerightnowwillbediscussedsoon.A.WhatB.WhetherC.IfD.Howlong名词性从句强化训练二1.Goandgetyourcoat.It"s_______youleftit.A.thereB.whereC.therewereD.wherethere2._______thesportsmeetwillbehelddependsontheweather.A.WheneverB.IfC.WhetherD.That3.Theproblemis_______hehasenoughtime.A.ifB.whetherC./D.that4.Hemadeapromise_______hewouldhelpme.A.whatB.whenC.thatD.which5.Iremember_______thisusedtobeaquietvillage.A.howB.whenC.whereD.what6.Theylosttheirwayintheforestand_____mademattersworsewasthatnightbegantofall.A.thatB.thisC.whatD.which7.Hetoldmethenews____theQueenwouldvisitChinathenextmonth.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.when8.Whentheholidaysweredrawingnear,IaskedmyAmericanfriends___wasthebestwaytotravelintheUnitedStates.A.thatB.whatC.suchD.that9.Hewasluckyenoughtosellhiscarforexactly______.A.wherehehadpaidforitB.whathehadpaidforitC.whathewaspaidforitD.whichhehadpaidforit10.Sometimesweareasked______wethinkthelikelyresultofanactionwillbe.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.whether11.Theyhavenotmadeanydecisionon______theyaregoingtodotodealwiththewasteandcontrolpollution.A.thatB.whichC.ifD.what12.---Doyouknowhim?---Yes,butIcan’tremember________Imethimforthefirsttime.名词性从句　　第15页 A.whereB.whatCthatD.if13.---Doyouknow_____Mr.Black’saddressis.---HemayliveatNo.18orNo.19ofBridgeStreet.I"mnotsureof_____.A.what;whichB.where;whichC.where;whatD.what;where14.Thisoldcomputermusthavebeenofgreatuseto_______didthescientificresearch.A.thoseB.whenC.whoeverD.whomever15._______alltheinventionshaveincommonis_____theyhavesucceeded.A.What;whatB.That;thatC.What;thatDThat;what16.---Irangyouataboutten,buttherewasnoreply.---Oh,thatwasprobably____Iwasseeingthedoctor.A.whenB.whyC.whatD.that17.Mariahastobaby-sit.That’s______shecan"tcomewithus.A.whyB.howC.whenD.what18.____surprisedmemostwas______theyhadfinisheditsoquickly.A.What,whatB.That,thatC.What,thatD.That,what19.Thereasonwhyshecouldn’tcometothemeetingwas_____shehadnotbeeninvited.A.becauseB.whichC.thatD.why20.Insomecountries,____iscalled"equality"doesnotreallymeanequalrightsforallpeople.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.one21.Althoughheknewlittleabouttheworkdoneinthefieldofphysics,hesucceeded______otherexperiencedexpertsfailed.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.where22.Fathermadeapromise_______Ipassedtheexaminationhewouldbuymeabicycle.A.thatB.ifC.whetherD.thatif23.WhatIwanttoknowis______helikesthegiftgivenbyus.A.thatB.ifC.whetherD.不填24.Hewantedtomakesure__________.A.howwewenttherebybusB.wheredidwegoC.whatdidwegothereD.whenwewentthere25._____theywonthegamewas______wehadexpected.A.That;whichB.Whether;thatC.What;thatD.That;what26.Ireallydon"tmindmuch________theycametovisitmeornot.A.becauseB.whyC.whenD.whether27.Thequestioncameupatthemeeting_____wehadnotenoughmoneytodotheresearch.A.whetherB.thatC.ifD.what28.____wecan"tgetseemsbetterthan_____wehave.A.What;whatB.What;thatC.That;thatD.That;what29.___surprisedmemostwas____hewastoolatefortheimportantmeeting,forhewaschairmanofit.A.What;whyB.That;howC.What;howD.That;why30.Althoughmostofthemhavenodoubt____hewillpasstheexam,Istillthinkthereissomethingabout_____hehasreallygoteverythingready.A.whether;thatB.that;whetherC.that;thatD.名词性从句　　第15页 whether;whether31._______beatXiaoWangblackandblueisnotknown.　　A.WhomB.WhoeverC.WhoD.What32.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild_______heorshewants.A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.wherever33.Hewasneversatisfiedwithorproudof____hehadachieved.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.allwhich34.Canyoutellme____gettotherailwaystation?A.howcanIB.whatIcanC.howIcanD.whereIcan35.Wedon’tknow______.A.thisiswhosedictionaryB.whosedictionaryisthisC.whosedictionarythisisD.whoseisthisdictionary36.Theproblemis____wecanfinishtheworkwithinsuchashorttime.A.thatB.whyC.howD.when37.___theboydidn’ttakethemedicinemadehismotherveryangry.A.ThatB.WhatC.HowD.Which38.Eachblindmanbelieved____heknewjust____theelephantlookedlike.A.that;whatB.what;thatC.that;thatD.what;what39.Itwasbytheroadside____thesixblindmensatquarrellingabouttheelephant.A.whenB.whichC.onwhichD.that40.Theyhavenoideaatall____.A.wherehehasgoneB.wheredidhego　C.whichplacehadhegoneD.wherehashegone41.Doyouknow____yourparentsarepleased____you’vedone?A.why;forwhatB.how;withwhatC.that;withwhichD.how;forwhat42.Thereason____hehasn’tcomeis____hehastolookafterhisfather.A.that;becauseB.why;becauseC.why;thatD.which;because43.______isunfitfortheoffice.A.ItseemstomethatB.ItseemstomethatheC.ThatseemsheD.Thatseemstohimthat44.Thatis____papercameintouseinChina.A.howB.thatC.whatD.which45.Itlooks____weshallhavetodotheworkourselves.A.thatB.likeC.seemingD.asthough46.____isnotknownyet.A.WhenshehasgoneB.WhereshehasgoneC.HowdidsheleaveD.Whydidshego47.Hissuggestion____toseetheexhibitioninterestedeveryoneofus.A.thatwegoB.whichweshouldgoC.thatwewouldgoD.whenweshouldgo48.I’vegottomake____hetoldalie.A.thatclearB.itclearthatC.quiteclearD.thisclearthat49.Wordcame____hispoemwonthefirstprize.A.thatB.whetherC.asD.because50.Somepeoplebelieve___iseasierforsmallcountriestobecomestrongandrichthanforlarge____.A.that;countryB.it;oneC.that;countriesD.it;ones1987~2006年高考题汇编------------名词性从句1._____________youhavedonemightdoharmtootherpeople.(87)A.ThatB.WhatC.WhichD.名词性从句　　第15页 This2.Theyhavenoideaatall____________.(87)A.wherehehasgoneB.wheredidhegoC.whichplacehehasgoneD.wherehehasgone3._____________leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.(88)A.AnyoneB.Theperson　C.WhoeverD.Who4.Upongraduationheaskedtobesentto_______________.(88)A.whereheismostneededB.whereheneededC.whereheismostlyneededD.whereishemostlyneeded5.Thesephotographswillshowyou_____________.(89)A.whatdoesourvillagelooklikeB.whatourvillagelookslikeC.howdoesourvillagelooklikeD.howourvillagelookslike6.Canyoumakesure_____________thegoldring?(90)A.whereAlicehadputB.wherehadAliceputC.whereAlicehasputD.wherehasAliceput7.Noonecanbesure_____________inamillionyears.(91)A.whatmanwilllooklikeB.whatwillmanlooklikeC.manwilllooklikewhatD.whatlookwillmanlike8._____________theGameswillbeheldinBeijingisnotknown.(92)A.WheneverB.IfC.WhetherD.That9.Itworriedherabit_____________herhairwasturninggrey.(92)A.whichB.thatC.ifD.for10._____________youdon’tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.(92)A.WhatB.WhoC.ThatD.Whether11._____________hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent.(93)A.WhatB.ThatC.ThefactD.Thematter12.Heasked_____________fortheviolin.(93)A.didIpayhowmuchB.IpaidhowmuchC.howmuchdidIpayD.howmuchIpaid13.—Doyouremember____________hecame?—Yes,Ido,hecamebycar.(94)A.howB.whenC.thatD.if14._____________isafactthatEnglishisacceptedasaninternationallanguage.(95)A.ThereB.This　C.ThatD.It15.Sarahhopestobecomeafriendof_____________sharesherinterests.(95)A.anyoneB.whomeverC.whoeverD.nomatterwho16.____________wecan’tgetseemsbetterthan____________wehave.(96)A.What;whatB.What;thatC.That;thatD.That;what17._____________we’llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.(96)A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where18.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild_____________heorshewants.(97)A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever19.___________causedtheaccidentisstillacompletemystery.(98)A.WhatB.ThatC.HowD.Where20.Itwasamatterof____________wouldtaketheposition.(98)A.whoB.whoeverC.whomD.名词性从句　　第15页 whomever21.—IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.Isthat____________youhadafewdaysoff?(99)A.whyB.whenC.whatD.where22.___________hashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.(99)A.WhoB.TheoneC.AnyoneD.Whoever23.ThesewildflowersaresospecialIwoulddo_____________Icantosavethem.(00)A.thatB.whichC.whicheverD.whatever24._____________shecouldn’tunderstandwas_____________fewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons.(00)A.That;whatB.What;whyC.What;becauseD.Why;that25.Whatthedoctorsreallydoubtis_____________mymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoon.(01)A.whenB.howC.whetherD.why26.____________isnopossibility___________Bobcanwinthefirstprizeinthematch.(01)A.There;thatB.It;thatC.There;whetherD.It;whether27.Whenyouanswerquestionsinajobinterview,pleaserememberthegoldenrule:Alwaysgivethemoneyexactly____________hewants.(2002上海)A.whatB.whichC.whenD.that28.Thereisanewprobleminvolvedinthepopularityofprivatecars________roadconditionsneed_________.(2003上海)A.that;tobeimprovedB.which;tobeimprovedC.where;improvingD.when;improving29.—Areyoustillthinkingaboutyesterday’sgame?—Oh,that’s____________.(2003北京春季)A.whatmakesmefeelexcitedB.whateverIfeelexcitedabout　C.howIfeelaboutitD.whenIfeelexcited30.Wecannotfigureout_______quiteanumberofinsects,birds,andanimalsaredyingout.(2004北京) A.that B.asC.whyD.when31.IthinkFatherwouldliketoknow___________I"vebeenuptosofar,soIdecidetosendhima  quicknote.(04湖南) A.whichB.whyC.whatD.how32.Amoderncityhasbeensetupin ________wasawastelandtenyearsago.(04天津) A.whatB.whichC.thatD.where33.Parentsaretaughttounderstand______importanteducationistotheirchildren’sfuture.(04广东)A.thatB.howC.suchD.so34.Theroadiscoveredwithsnow.Ican"tunderstand______theyinsistongoingbymotor-bike.(04)   A.whyB.whetherC.whenD.how35.AfterYangLiWeisucceededincirclingtheearth,_______ourastronautsdesiretodoiswalkinspace.(04上海)A.whereB.whatC.thatD.how36.Astorygoes______ElizabethIofEnglandlikednothingmorethatbeingsurroundedbycleverandqualifiednoblemenatcourt.(04上海) A.when           B.where   C.whatD.that名词性从句　　第15页 37.Theotherday,mybrotherdrovehiscardownthestreetat________Ithoughtwasadangerousspeed.(04上海春季)    A.asB.whichC.whatD.that38.Alongwiththeletterwashispromise________hewouldvisitmethiscomingChristmas.    A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whether39.Marywroteanarticleontheteamhadfailedtowinthegame.（05北京）A.whyB.whatC.whoD.that40.Danbyleftwordwithmysecretary____________hewouldcallagainintheafternoon.(05浙江)A.whoB.thatC.asD.which41.Thewayhediditwasdifferentwewereusedto.(05江西)A.inwhichB.inwhatC.fromwhatD.fromwhich42.Iwassurprisedbyherwords,whichmademerecognize___sillymistakesIhadmade.(05湖南)A.whatB.thatC.howD.which43.Withhisworkcompleted,thebusinessmansteppedbacktohisseat,feelingpleased____hewasamanofaction.(06湖南)A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whether44.Wehaven"tsettledthequestionof______________itisnecessaryforhimtostudyabroad.（06江苏）A.ifB.whereC.whetherD.that45.makesthisshopdifferentisthatitoffersmorepersonalservices.（06辽宁）A.WhatB.WhoC.WhateverD.Whoever46.Seetheflagsontopofthebuilding?Thatwaswedidthismorning.（06全国I）A.whenB.whichC.whereD.what47.Pleaseremindmehesaidhewasgoing.Imaybeintimetoseehimoff.（06全国I）A.whereB.whenC.howD.what48.---Whatdidyourparentsthinkaboutyourdecision?---Theyalwaysletmedo_______IthinkIshould.（06全国III）A.whenB.thatC.howD.what49.Enginesaretomachines_________heartsaretoanimals.（06山东）A.asB.thatC.whatD.which50.Ijustwonder__________thatmakeshimsoexcited.（06山东）A.whyitdoesB.whathedoesC.howitisD.whatitis51.Oneadvantageofplayingtheguitaris_________itcangiveyouagreatdealofpleasure.（06上海）A.howB.whyC.thatD.when52.Hespokeproudlyofhispartinthegame,withoutmentioning________histeammateshaddone.（06上海）A.whatB.whichC.whyD.while53.---It’sthirtyyearssincewelastmet.---ButIstillrememberthestory,believeitornot, ___  wegotlostonarainynight.（06四川）   A.which B.that C.what D.when54.ThereismuchchanceBillwillrecoverfromhisinjuryintimefortherace.（06天津）A.thatB.whichC.untilD.if名词性从句　　第15页 55.Nobodybelievedhisreasonforbeingabsentformtheclass  hehadtomeethisuncleattheairport.（06重庆）A.whyB.that　　C.where D.because56.Theseshoeslookverygood.Iwonder__________.（06上海春季）A.howmuchcosttheyareB.howmuchdotheycost　C.howmuchtheycostD.howmucharetheycost57.Doris"successliesinthefact_________sheisco-operativeandeagertolearnfromothers.（06上海春季）A.whichB.thatC.whenD.why58.---Couldyoudomeafavor?　　　　---Itdependsonitis.A.whichB.whicheverC.whatD.whatever59.Theotherday,mybrotherdrovehiscardownthestreetat_________Ithoughtwasadangerousspeed.A.asB.whichC.whatD.that60..Alongwiththeletterwashispromise_______hewouldvisitmethiscomingChristmas.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whether名从句练一　　1----5ABAAA　6---10ABBCB　11--15BCACB　16--20ABABA　　21--25ACCAC　　26--30BCDBC31--35CBCBA　36--40AABCB　41--45ABBCB名从句练二　　1~20:BCBCBCABBBDAACCAACCC21~40:DDCDDDBAABCBACCCAADA41~50:BCBADBABAB全国答案　　1----5BACAB6----10CACBC11---15ADADC16----20ABBAA21---25ADDBC26----30AAAAC31---35CABAB36---40DCBAB41---45CABCA　46----50DBDCD51---55CABAB56---60CBCCB名词性从句应注意的几个问题一、关于that：that在名词性从句中是没有任何意义的，只起一种连接作用，用以说明其后的句子是陈述句。除在宾语从句中可省略外，其它三类（主、表、同位语）不可。如果一动词后带有两个that从句，第二个that不可省去。1.ItisclearthatPeterwaselectedmanageratthemeeting.2.Ireallydidn"trealize(that)somethinghadhappenedtothem.3.Thefactisthatwehavefinishedtheworkintimenow.4.HemadeapromisethathewouldhelpmewhenIwasintrouble二、关于whether和if：whether可用于全部名词性从句中，if只用于宾语从句中，此外，作介词宾语或和不定式连用时用whether。在宾语从句中,如果谓语动词是DECIDE,DISCUSS,QUESTION,DEBATE等时,用WHETHER5.Whetherhewillcomeornotisnotknownatall.6.Thequestioniswhethertheycandoitbythemselves.7.Heaskedif(whether)wehadbeentotheGreatWall.三、关于what和which作定语：what所说明的是事物的特征或属性；which则主要说明的是事物的个数。8.----Canyoutellmewhatcountryhewasborn?----Developing.9.ThereweresomanybooksthatIhardlyknewwhichonetochoose.四、关于why和because：why陈述的事情的结果；because说明的事情的原因。10.Hewasillyesterday.Thatwaswhyhedidn"tgotoschool.11.Hedidn"tgotoschoolyesterday.Thatwasbecausehewasill.五、关于dowith和dealwith：名词性从句　　第15页 如果dowith和dealwith当“对付、处理”讲时，它们的方式分别用how和what来表示。12.Heaskedhowyouhaddonewithmycar.13.Iwonderedwhatyouwoulddealwithsuchaman.六、关于whatdoyouthinkof...和howdoyoulike/find...：它们都表示“你认为......如何？”。但一个是what，而另一个是how。14.----Iwanttoknowwhatyouthinkofthefilm.----Wonderful.16.----HeaskedmehowIlikedtheplay.----Itwastoobad.七、关于think，believe，imagine，suppose等动词：这些动词后带的宾语从句如果是否定的（主要是一般现在时态），要注意否定的前移现象。该现象将涉及两个注意点。看下面的例子：17.Idon"tthinktheycanofferyousomemoney,______?A.cantheyB.can"ttheyC.doID.don"tI答案为A18.Idon"tbelievethey____beplayingfootballontheplayground.A.canB.mustC.mayD.could答案为A这些动词后的宾语从句如果是特殊问句，特殊疑问词要放在主句中。19.WhatdoyouimaginehashappenedtoJane?关于否定转移1）将think,believe,suppose,expect,fancy,imagine等动词后面宾语从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。例如：　Idon"tthinkIknowyou.　我想我并不认识你。　Idon"tbelievehewillcome.　我相信他不回来。注意：若谓语动词为hope,宾语从句中的否定词不能转移。例如：　Ihopeyouweren"till.我想你没有生病吧。2）将seem,appear等后的从句的否定转移到前面。例如：　Itdoesn"tseemthattheyknowwheretogo.看来他们不知道往哪去。　Itdoesn"tappearthatwe"llhaveasunnydaytomorrow.看来我们明天不会碰上好天气。3）有时将动名词，介词短语或整个从句的否定转变为对谓语动词的否定。例如：　Idon"trememberhavingeverseensuchaman.　我记得从未见过这样一个人。（not否定动名词短语having…）　It"snotaplacewhereanyonewouldexpecttoseestrangecharactersonthestreet.在这里，人们不会想到在街上会碰上陌生的人。（anyone作主语，从句中的谓语动词不能用否定形式。）4）有时状语或状语从句中否定可以转移到谓语动词前。例如：　Theantisnotgatheringthisforitselfalone.　（否定状语）　蚂蚁不只是为自己采食。　HewasnotreadytobelievesomethingjustbecauseAristotlesaidso.（否定because状语）他并不因亚里斯多德说过如何如何，就轻信此事。　Shehadnotbeenmarriedmanyweekswhenthatman"syoungerbrothersawherandwasstruckbyherbeauty.（否定状语manyweeks）　她结婚还不到几个月，这个人的弟弟就看见她了，并对她的美貌着了迷。八、关于it：it在名词性从句中用作形式主语，代替主语从句。但what从句是不能用it的。20.Itisaqestionwhethertheycangiveupsmoking.九、关于sure和certain：如果sure作表语，用it代替主语从句作形式主语时，将sure改为certain。21.Itiscertainthatmostsmokersareusedtonicotine.十、关于howlong、howsoon、howoften的区别：howlong对时间段提问，如for的短语，句中动词常是延续性的；howsoon对多久之后的时间提问，如in的短语，句中动词一般为非延续性的，而且时态为将来时；howoften对频度词语提问，如sometimes，always，often，nowandthen等。22.----Howsooncanyoufinishyourdrawing?　----Intwodays.名词性从句　　第15页 23.----Howlongwillyoustayhere?----Forthreeweeks.24.----HowoftendoyouwatchTV?----Onceaweek.十一、关于whoever、whatever、whichever、however等的说明：这些词除可引导名词性从句外，还可引导让步状语从句。引导名词性从句时，它主要说明“任何的......”、“无论......的”概念，而who，what，which，how等则说明的是具体的事物。25.Youcanbuywhateveryouwantwiththemonay.你用钱想买啥就买啥。（强调任何东西都可以买）26.Whereverhegoesheiswelcome.不论他到哪儿，总是受欢迎的。（强调他去的地方都是这样的）试比较下面两个句子：27.Youcanbuywhatyouwantwiththemoney.（强调现在你要啥就买啥）28.Wherehegoes,heiswelcome.（强调他去的那个地方都这样的）十二、关于doubtIhavedoubt/doubtif/whether......　　　　　Ihavenodoubt/don"tdoubtthat......29.Ihavedoubtiftheywillcometohelpyou.我怀疑他们是否能来帮助你。30.Idon"tdoubtthattheyaresuretofinishitaheadoftime.我一点都不怀疑，他们一定能提前完成任务。十三、关于宾语从句的几种特殊情况：在以下情况下，将宾语从句用IT代替，真正的宾语从句放在后面。1）动词+it+that宾语从句，这类动词不多，常见的有take,have,put等.Ihaveitthattheyhavedoneitinadifferentway.我认为他们会用不同的方法做这件事情。Youcanoutitthatitwasarrangedbefore.你可以说这是以前安排好的。2）动词+it+whenorif宾语从句，这类动词也不多，常见的有like,love,enjoy,appreciate,prefer,hate,dislike等.I’dpreferitifyoudidn’tdosomuchwork.要是我不做那么多工作就好了。Wereallyappreciateitwhensheofferedtohelp.她来帮忙，我们十分感激。3）动词+介词()+it+that宾语从句，这类短语常有seeto,lookto,stickto,answerfor,relyon,insiston,referto等.Ican’tanswerforitthathewillcome.我不能保证他会来。Looktoitthatthisdoesn’thappenagain.注意不要再发生这种事情。4）动词+it+介词短语+that宾语从句，能用于此结构的短语也不多，常见的主要有takeittoconsideration,put/bringittoanend,takeitforgranted,bringittoone’sattention,oweittosb.andsoon.IoweittoyouthatIamstillalive.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Itookitforgrantedthathewouldhelpus.名词性从句　　第15页