初中英语语法一般现在时专题 7页

##教育6T教材系列一般现在时专题时间：年月日老师电话：一、兴趣导入猜一猜人的一生有三天，是哪三天？答案：昨天、今天、明天二、学前测试选择题。()1Weneedsomemore____.Canyougoandgetsome,please?A.potatoB.potatosC.potatoesD.potatoe()2.Whatbig____thetigerhas!A.toothB.teethC.toothsD.toothes()3.-Canwehavesome___?-Yes,please.A.bananaB.orangesC.appleD.pear()4Pleaseremembertogivethehorsesometree___.A.leafsB.LeavesC.leafD.leave()5.Shehasn"tbrought____bookwithher.Willyoulendher____?A.hers,yourB.her,yourC.hers,yoursD.her,yours()6.Chinais______oldcountrywith______longhistory.A.an,aB.a,aC.an,theD.an,an()7.Mysisterisastudentof________.A.theFirstClassB.ClassOneC.OneClassD.ClassFirst()8.ThegovernmentofChongqingisbuilding________cheapandgoodhousesforthepeople.A.ThousandB.ThousandsC.ThousandofD.Thousandsof三、知识讲解【No.1】一般现在时的定义及构成1.定义：一般现在时表示现在经常反复发生的动作、存在的状态或习惯性的动作。7励志名言：Ceasetostruggleandyouceasetolive.--ThomasCarlyle生命不止，奋斗不息。--卡莱尔 2.构成:主语+动词原形+宾语一般现在时用行为动词的原形，但第三人称单数作主语时，动词要用第三人称单数形式。e.g．Welikereadingbooks.Helikesreadingbooks.3.动词第三人称单数形式的构成：(1)一般的动词词尾+S。play—playsstop—stopsmake—makesread--reads(2)以为o,sh,ch,s,x结尾的动词+es.teach—teacheswatch--watches(3)以辅音字母Y结尾的动词把Y变成i再+es。fly—fliescarry—carriesstudy—studiesworry--worries(4)以o结尾的动词，在词尾加es.go---goesdo—does不规则：Have—hasare--is【No.2】一般现在时的应用(1)在实际应用中，一般现在时常与以下时间状语联用：always,usually,often,sometimes,everyweek(day,year,month…),onceaweek,onSundays……例句：HeusuallyplaysfootballonSundays.他经常在星期日踢足球。(2)没有时间状语，可以分以下四种类型：A．be型这一类型由be动词+名词、形容词、副词、代词、数词或介词短语等一起构成谓语，表示主语的个性、特征或状态。如：①Iamastudent.(主语+be动词+名词)我是一名学生。②Theyarehungry.（主语+be动词+形容词）他们肚子饿了。③Heisout.(主语+be动词+副词)他出去了。④Thatpenismine.(主语+be动词+代词)那支钢笔是我的。⑤Iamfifteen.(主语+be动词+数词)我十五岁。⑥Thebikeisunderthetree.(主语+be动词+介词短语)那辆自行车在树下。B．do型do型由行为动词充当谓语，表示经常性或习惯性的动作，其构成为“主语+动词原形或动词第三人称单数形式”。如：①Iknowit.我知道这。②Hebelievesme.他相信我。C．therebe型therebe型句子表示“存在”，其构成为“therebe+主语+其他”，表示客观事实。用法遵循“就近原则”，即主语是单数或并列主语中的第一个主语是单数，则用thereis；主语是复数或并列主语中的第一个主语是复数，则用thereare。如：（1）Thereisaneraserontheteacher"sdesk.(主语aneraser是单数)讲桌上有一块橡皮擦。（2）Thereisanorange，fiveapplesandeightbananasinthebag.7励志名言：Ceasetostruggleandyouceasetolive.--ThomasCarlyle生命不止，奋斗不息。--卡莱尔 (并列主语中的第一个主语anorange是单数)袋子里有一个橙子，五个苹果和八个香蕉。D．情态动词型情态动词型句子的构成为“主语+情态动词+动词原形”，情态动词和动词原形一起构成谓语，表示说话人对所叙述的动作或状态的看法。如：①HecanspeakalittleEnglish.(can+speak)他会说一点儿英语。②MayIhaveabook,please?(may+have)请问我能看一看吗？【No.3】一般现在时的变化1.否定形式：首先找句子中有没有be动词（is,am或者are）或情态动词（can），如果有，只要在be动词或情态动词后面加上not。e.g.Heisnotateacher.ShecannotspeakEnglish.如果句子中没有be动词（is,am或者are）或情态动词（can）那么根据主语在后面加入don’t(you,I或者复数)或doesn’t（第三人称单数）。e.g.Idon’tlikeEnglish.Hisfatherdoesn’texerciseeveryday.2.一般疑问句：首先找句子中有没有be动词（is,am或者are）或情态动词（can），如果有，只要将be动词或情态动词提前，放到主语前面。注意：句中第一人称和第二人称要互换。e.g.1.IamanEnglishteacher.2.Heiscryingunderthetree.3.MybirthdayisonthetwentiethofNovember.4.Mrs.LiandKittyareinabigshop.5.Kittyiswearinghernewuniform.如果句子中没有be动词（is,am或者are）或情态动词（can）那么根据主语判断在句首加入do(you,I或者复数)或does（第三人称单数）,当谓语动词是三单形式时要还原。注意：句中第一人称和第二人称也要互换。e.g.1.Shewantstohaveamodelcar.2.Igotoschoolonfoot.3.HerfatherlikestoreadEnglish.4.Idomyhomeworkafterschool7励志名言：Ceasetostruggleandyouceasetolive.--ThomasCarlyle生命不止，奋斗不息。--卡莱尔 特殊疑问句：首先分析划线部分的意思，确定用哪个疑问词（what,where,who,when,which,whose,how,howmany,howmuch,whatshape,whatcolour,what…doing,where…going,what…do）,然后找句子中有没有be动词（is,am或者are）或情态动词（can），如果有，只要将be动词或情态动词放到主语前面（疑问词的后面）。如果句子中没有be动词（is,am或者are）或情态动词（can）那么根据主语判断加入do(you,I或者复数)或does（第三人称单数）。注意：句中第一人称和第二人称也要互换。e.g.1.Mikehastwolettersforhim.2.IusuallyplayfootballonFridayafternoon3.SuYangusuallywashessomeclothesonSaturday.4.Mingmingusuallywaterstheflowerseveryday.5.Tomdoeshishomeworkathome.四、强化训练一、用所给动词的适当形式填空1.Myclassmate______(know)themanonthebike.2.Hissisterusually______(go)toschoolat7:00am.3.LinTao______(like)hisnewsweater.4.Letme______(have)alook.5.Let’s______(play)tennis!6.______he______(like)English?7.Iwantto______(go)toamovie.8.He______________(notknow)theteacher’sname.9.Thisboylikesto______(play)chesswithhisfatheronweekends.10.CanI______(ask)thepoliceman?11.Shelikesto______(play)chess.12.It’stimeto______(play)games.13.Youcan______(be)agoodstudent.14.Shecan______(sing)well.15.He______(have)aneggandabananaforbreakfast.五．训练辅导一、选择题。(　)1._____youhaveabook?　　A.Do　B.Are　C.Is　D.Have(　)2.They_________onafarm.7励志名言：Ceasetostruggleandyouceasetolive.--ThomasCarlyle生命不止，奋斗不息。--卡莱尔 　　A.working　B.arework　C.work　D.isworked(　)3.DoesPeterliketowatchTV?　__________.　　A.Yes,helike　B.No,hedoesn’t　C.Yes,he’dlike　D.No,helik(　)4.Shedoesn’t__________herhomeworkintheafternoon.　　A.doing　B.todo　C.does　D.do(　)5.How____________Mr.Brown___________toAmerica?　　A.do,go　B.is,go　C.does,go　D.does,goes(　)6.Where’smycamera?I____________it.　　A.amnotfinding　B.amnotseeing　C.can’tfind　D.can’tlookat(　)7.How___________hegotowork?　He___________toworkbybike.　　A.does;go　B.do;goes　C.do;go　D.does;goes(　)8.______youusuallylateforschool?　No,_____________.　　A.Do;Iam　B.Does;not　C.Are;I’mnot　D.Are;Iaren’t(　)9._____she_____homeatsixeveryday?　　A.Is,leave　B.Does,leave　C.Is,leaves　D.Does,left(　)10.Mr.Yang____________Englishthisterm.A.teachesour　B.teachesus　B.C.teachsus　D.teachour二、按要求变换句式。1.Doyouoftenplaysoccerafterschool?(肯定回答)_______________________________________________________________________2.Ihavemanybooks.(改为否定句)_______________________________________________________________________3.Tomlikestoplaybaseball.(改为否定句)_______________________________________________________________________4.ShelivesinasmallcountrynearChangchun.(改为一般疑问句)_______________________________________________________________________5.IwatchTVeveryday.(改为一般疑问句)_______________________________________________________________________6.Wehavefourlessons.(改为否定句)_______________________________________________________________________7.Alicedoesn’trunfast.(改为肯定句)_______________________________________________________________________8.Mydogrunsfast.(改为一般疑问句)_______________________________________________________________________7励志名言：Ceasetostruggleandyouceasetolive.--ThomasCarlyle生命不止，奋斗不息。--卡莱尔 9.IusuallydanceonSundays.(改为否定句)_______________________________________________________________________10.Mymotheralwaysdoesthedishesafterdinner.(改为一般疑问句)____________________________________________________________________3.Iwanttobuyabiggreenbag.(对划线提问)______________________________________________________________________8.It’sanEnglishdictionary.(对划线部分提问)_______________________________________________________________________六．反思总结7励志名言：Ceasetostruggleandyouceasetolive.--ThomasCarlyle生命不止，奋斗不息。--卡莱尔  附件：堂堂清落地训（满分100）（坚持堂堂清，学习很爽心）姓名：一、改写句子。1．Thisismypencil.(变一般疑问句)  _______________________________________________________________________2.TheseredsocksareKate’s.(变一般疑问句)______________________________________________________________________3.Marydoesnothaveanybooks.(变肯定句)______________________________________________________________________4.Theclothingshopisonsale.(变为否定句)_______________________________________________________________________5.Shelikesthebagverymuch.(变为否定句)    _______________________________________________________________________6.Ibuythepantsforonly50Yuan.(用she改写句子)_______________________________________________________________________7.LilyandLucyarefifteenyearsold.(对画线部分提问)_______________________________________________________________________8.TheycometothisschoolonMondays.(划线提问)_______________________________________________________________________二、用动词的适当形式填空1.He____________(notgo)toschoolonweekends.2.Sheoften_______(watch)TVonSundays.3.Theboy_______________(nottake)ashowereveryday.4.______you________(like)English?5.What_________hisfather_____(do)?三、选择填空1.Hecan______ChineseandEnglish.A.speak.B.speaks.C.tell.D.say2.Doyouwant_______withactors?A.work.B.works.C.towork.Dworking3.Anurseusually_______awhiteuniform.A.wear.B.wearing.C.wears.Dtowear4._____youfromJapan?A.AreB.Do.C.DoesD.Is5._____youcomefromJapan?A.AreB.Do.C.DoesD.Is6.Whatlanguagedoyou_______?A.sayB.talkC.tell.Dspeak7.Theelephantlikes______herfriendsand_____grass.A.playwith,eatB.playwith,eatsC.toplaywith,eatD.toplaywith,eats7励志名言：Ceasetostruggleandyouceasetolive.--ThomasCarlyle生命不止，奋斗不息。--卡莱尔