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专题八定语从句一、概念在复合句中,修饰名词或代词的从句称为定语从句。Theoldmanwho/whom/thatwevisitedyesterdayisafamousartist.其中所饰名词即theoldman称为先行词,引导定语从句并在其中充当句子一个成分的词称为关系词(如上句中的who/whom/that)。关系词的用法与选择须考虑它在定语从句中的成分。下面分类讲解它们的用法。二、用法定语从句常用引导词有:that,which,who,whose,as,where,when,why。1.that指人或物,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略)IlikethebooksthatwerewrittenbyLuXun.Thestudentthatwonthefirstprizeisourmonitor.2.which指物,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略)Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.Isthisthelibrary(which)youborrowbooksfrom?3.who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略)ThemanwhovisitedourschoolyesterdayisMrBrown.HeisthemanwhoIwanttoworkwith.4.whose指人或物,作定语,表示“……的”,可转换为“of+关系代词”。MissWangistakingcareofthechildwhoseparentshavegonetoBeijing.Isawsometreeswhoseleaveswereblack.5.注意that和which的区别(1)先行词为不定代词everything,little,much,all,anything,nothing,something,no,some,any,few,one等时,关系代词只能用that。Wearewillingtodoanythingthatisgoodtothepeople.(2)先行词前有形容词最高级修饰时,用that。Thisisthebestbook(that)I"veeverread.(3)先行词被序数词或者theonly(唯一的),thevery(正是那个),thelast修饰时,用that。ThefirstbookthatIreadlastnightwasanEnglishnovel.
(4)如果有两个或两个以上分别表示人和物的先行词时,定语从句的关系代词只能用that。Weknownothingaboutthedoctorsandthehospitalsthatyouaretalkingabout.(5)以疑问词(who,which,what)开头的疑问句,为避免重复,用that。Whichisthebookthatyouborrowedfromthelibrary?(6)关系代词放在介词之后,指物时只能用which,不能用that。Thisisthefactoryinwhichweonceworked.(7)非限制性定语从句中,指代物或一种情况时,用which,不能用that。Thisisthebook,whichiswrittenbyLuXun.Thebabywasill,whichmadethemotherveryworried.6.关系副词when引导定语从句修饰表示时间的先行词,在定语从句中充当时间状语。Nextmonth,whenyou"llspendyoursummerholidaysinyourhometown,isapproaching.7.关系副词where引导定语从句修饰表示地点的先行词,在定语从句中充当地点状语。SheisgoingtoliveinMacao,whereshehassomeclosefriends.8.关系副词why引导限定性定语从句修饰先行词reason,在定语从句中充当原因状语。Hedidn"ttellmethereasonwhyhewassoupset.高考预测——限制性定语从句(介词+which/whom)“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句是定语从句中较复杂的一种,是我们学习定语从句的重点,也是高考的常考点。这类定语从句的关系代词主要有which和whom。先行词是物时,用介词+which;是人时,用介词+whom。介词后面的关系代词不能省略。1.注意介词的选取:(1)根据介词和定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭配。Icalledhimbythewrongname,forwhichIshouldapologize.Whoisthemanwithwhomyoujustshookhands?(2)根据定语从句意思的需要,不但要注意其前的搭配也要注意其后的搭配。Wedependonthelandfromwhichwegetourfood.Doyourememberthedayonwhichyoujoinedourclub?(3)根据意思也可用复杂介词,如:bymeansof,asaresultof,infrontof,inthebackof,allof,mostof,noneof,thetallerof等。Helivedinabighouse,infrontofwhichstoodabigtalltree.Therearefortystudentsintheclassroom,allofwhomareworkinghardatadifficultproblemin
mathematics.2.注意代词的选取:在“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中,如果关系代词指代事物就用which;如果指代人则用whom。Thisisthereasonforwhichhewasputinprison.Tomhasthreebrothers,oneofwhomisasinger.3.注意关系代词的可替换性:某些在从句中充当时间、地点或原因状语的“介词+关系代词”结构可以同关系副词when、where和why互换。ThisisthefactoryinwhichIonceworked.(inwhich可where替换)Ihaveforgottentheexactdateonwhichthiscountrybecameindependent.(onwhich可when替换)4.注意“介词+where”引导的定语从句:有时我们可以见到“介词+where”引导的定语从句,此时要和“介词+which”引导的定语从句从意思上加以区别。Hisheadsoonappearedoutofthewindow,fromwherehesawnothingbuttrees.Theystoodonthetopofthebuilding,fromwheretheycouldseethewholecity.5.“复合介词短语+关系代词which/whom”引导的定语从句作地点状语,表示存在关系,定语从句主谓常需倒装。Theyarrivedatasmallhouse,infrontofwhichsatasmallboy.Isawaman,ontheheadofwhomstoodabird.6.名词+ofwhich,或者ofwhich+名词,代替whose+名词,在定语从句中作定语。RecentlyIboughtanancientChinesevase,thepriceofwhich(=whoseprice)wasveryreasonable.7.介词+which(指物)/whose(指人)+名词。该结构中,只能用关系代词which,不能用whom。which单独起形容词作用,修饰它后面的名词。Hemightbeill,inwhichcasewecannotwaitforhim.Thedriverwasthemanfromwhoseroomshehadstolenthemaps.
高考真题探究(2006—2011年)【2011全国卷I)31】Theprizewillgotothewriter________storyshowsthemostimagination.A.thatB.whichC.whoseD.what【答案】C【考点】考查定语从句。【解析】本题主句中的先行词writer和从句中的主语story有所属关系,译为作者的故事,因此选C。句子的意思是:我们的奖金会留给故事情节最富有想象力的作者。【2011全国卷II)7】TedcamefortheweekendwearingonlysomeshortsandaT-shirt,______isastupidthingtodoinsuchweather.A.thisB.thatC.whatD.which【答案】D【考点】考查定语从句。【解析】分析句子结构可知,该句为定语从句,首先排除A和C;根据空前的逗号可知,该句为非限制性定语扶句,排除B。该从句应用which引导,which在从句中作主语,代指前丽的整个句子。【2011北京卷)26】MarywasmuchkindertoJackthanshewastotheothers,_________,ofcourse,makealltheothersupset.A.whoB.whichC.whatD.that【答案】B【考点】考查非限定性定语从句。【解析】逗号后的非限定性定语从句中缺少主语,which引导非限制性定语从句,指代整个主句部分的内容。选择which。【2011上海卷)39】You’llfindtaxiswaitingatthebusstation____youcanhiretoreachyourhostfamily.A.whichB.whereC.whenD.as【答案】A【考点】考查定语从句。【解析】先行词为thebusstation,从句中谓语动词hire后差宾语,故用关系代词which。【2011山东卷)32】Theoldtownhasnarrowstreetsandsmallhouses_____arebuiltcloseto
eachother.A.theyB.whereC.whatD.that【答案】D【考点】此题考察定语从句的引导词。【解析】关系代词that代替先行词smallhouses,在从句中作主语。句意为:这座古老的城镇街道狭窄,小房子挨得很近。【2011江西卷)34】Sheshowedthevisitorsaroundthemuseum,theconstruction_____hadtakenmorethanthreeyears.A.forwhichB.withwhichC.ofwhichD.towhich【答案】C【考点】考察定语从句【解析】先行词为museum,在从句中充当定语,博物馆的建造工程花费了超过三年的时间。介词用of。选C。【2011江苏卷)24】Betweenthetwopartsoftheconcertisaninterval,_______theaudiencecanbuyice-cream.A.whenB.whereC.thatD.which【答案】A【考点】考查定语从句。【解析】句意:音乐会的两大构成部分中间有幕间休息时间,在这段时间里观众可以去买冰激凌。When引导的定语从句修饰aninterval,when在从句中作时间状语。首先解析句子结构,判断从句类型,题干说“在音乐会中间有间歇,此时你可以买冰激凌。”题干的前半部分完整无缺,后半部分补充说明这个间歇你可以干的事,所以这是一个非限定性定语从句,先行词为interval,非限定性定语从句的功能就是对先行词进行补充说明。由于从句部分不缺少主干成分,而且interval表时间,所以正确答案为A.【2011安徽卷)28】Whateverisleftovermaybeputintotherefrigerator,_____itwillkeepfortwoorthreeweeks.A.whenB.whichC.whereD.while【答案】A【考点】考查定语从句。
【解析】句意为:剩下的任何东西都可以放入冰箱,在那里可以保存两三周。本题考查非限制性定语从句的关系副词。由句型结构可以看出,该题中的先行词refrigerator在从句中作介词的宾语,该介宾结构在定语从句中作地点状语,故选择关系副词where。when在从句中作时间状语;which在从句中作主语或宾语;while是连词,不能用于定语从句。【2011浙江卷)8】Englishisalanguagesharedbyseveraldiversecultures,eachof____usesitsomewhatdifferently.A.whichB.whatC.themD.those【答案】A【考点】考查定语从句。【解析】本句中的先行词是severaldiversecultures,先行词在从句中做eachof的宾语,所有应用关系代词which。【2011浙江卷)10】Abankistheplace______theylendyouanumbrellainfairweatherandaskforitbackwhenitbeginstorain.A.whenB.thatC.whereD.there【答案】C【考点】考查定语从句。【解析】本句中的先行词是theplace.,先行词在定语从句中作地点状语,所以应该用关系副词where。【2011福建卷)24】Shehasagiftforcreatinganatmosphereforherstudents____allowsthemtocommunicatefreelywitheachother.A.whichB.whereC.whatD.who【答案】A【考点】考查定语从句。【解析】分析句子成分可知,anatmosphere与修饰它的定语从句被forherstudents隔开,该从句缺少主语,所以用which。【2011福建卷)33】ItwasApril29,2001PrinceWilliamandKateMiddletonwalkedintothepalacehalloftheweddingceremony.A.thatB.whenC.sinceD.berore【答案】B【考点】考查定语从句。【解析】去掉Itwas及that后,April
29,2011不可以单独作时间状语,所以不是强调句型。用when引导定语从句修饰April29,2011。【2011四川卷)17】Theschoolshop,________customersaremainlystudents,isclosedfewtheholidays.A.whichB.whoseC.whenD.where【答案】D【考点】考查定语从句。【解析】此处whose引导的非限制性定语从句修饰先行词shop,在定语从句中作customers的定语。句意为“这个学校商店,——其主顾大多是学生,——因为放假就关门了。”【2011天津卷)10】Thedaysaregone________physicalstrengthwasallyouneededtomakealiving.A.whenB.thatC.whereD.which【答案】A【考点】考察定语从句。【解析】句意为:when引导定语从句修饰Theday。aregone为插入语。句意为:全部靠体力挣钱谋生的时代已经过去了。【2011陕西卷)11】Iwalkeduptothetopofthehillwithmyfriend,__________weenjoyedasplendidviewofthelake.A.whichB.whereC.whoD.that【答案】B【考点】考查定语从句。【解析】先行词是hill,表地点,定语从句weenjoyedasplendidviewofthelake.句子成分中缺少状语,所以应用关系副词where。,答案选择【2011湖南卷)25】JuliewasgoodatGerman,FrenchandRussian,allof_________shespokefluently.A.whoB.whomC.whichD.that【答案】C【考点】本题考察定语从句中复合关系代词的用法。【解析】介词后只能使用的关系代词是which,who,whose,因为句子中关系词指代是语言,故选C;句意:Julie擅长德语、法语和俄语,这三种语言她说得都很流利。〖10福建〗StephenHawkingbelievesthatearthisunlikelytobetheonlyplanetlifehas
developedgradually.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.whose2〖答案〗B〖考点〗定语从句〖解析〗先行词为planet,表示地点,故用where。〖10湖南〗I’vebecomegoodfriendswithseveralofthestudentsinmyschoolImetintheEnglishspeechcontestlastyear.A.whoB.whereC.whenD.which〖答案〗A〖考点〗考查定语从句。〖解析〗该空引导定语从句修饰表示人的先行词thestudents,且在从句中作met的宾语,故选关系代词who,即A项。〖10江西〗Thegirlarrangedtohavepianolessonsatthetrainingcentrewithhersister______shewouldstayforanhour.AwhereBwhoCwhichDwhat〖答案〗A〖考点〗考查定语从句。〖解析〗先行词为centre,shewouldstayforanhour不缺宾语或主语,故要填状语,表地点用where。〖10山东〗That’sthenewmachine______partsaretoosmalltobeseen.A.thatB.whichC.whoseD.What〖答案〗C〖考点〗本题考查定语从句的引导词。〖解析〗句意应为“那就是那台零部件小得几乎看不见的新机器。”空格处引导定语从句并且在从句中作定语使用,所以使用whose。〖10山东〗Windpowerisanancientsourceofenergywemayreturninthenearfuture.A.onwhichB.bywhichC.towhichD.fromwhich〖答案〗C〖考点〗此处考查的是介词加疑问词引导从句〖解析〗考查介词+which的用法。=Windpowerisanancientsourceofenergywhichthat
wemayreturntointhenearfuture.〖10天津〗-----CanyoubelieveIhadtopay30dollarsforahaircut?-----Youshouldtrythebarber’sIgo.It’sonly15.A.asB.whichC.whereD.that〖答案〗C〖考点〗考查定语从句。〖解析〗句意:—你能相信我理一次发得花20美元吗?—你应该到我去的那家理发店试试,只需要15美元。句中thebarber’s是先行词,从句中go是不及物动词,所选关系代词在从句中作状语,所以要用where。〖10四川〗Aftergraduatingfromcollege,Itooksometimeofftogotravelling,turnedouttobeawisedecision.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where〖答案〗B〖考点〗考查定语从句。〖解析〗此处应为which引导的非限制性定语从句,which代替前边整个句子。句意为:“大学毕业后,我们休假一段时间去旅游,这结果证明是一个明智的决定。”〖10全国Ⅰ〗Asachild,Jackstudiedinavillageschool,_____isnamedafterhisgrandfather.A.whichB.whereC.whatD.that〖答案〗A〖考点〗此题考查非限定性定语从句。〖解析〗句意:还是孩子的时候,Jack在以他祖父命名的乡村学校学习。根据选项此题考查从句,空格设置在名词school后,且school后有逗号,此题考查非限定性定语从句。定语从句所修饰的先行词是school,它在定于从句中做主语,因此使用关系代词,选项中的关系代词只有which和that,由于是非限定性定语从句,不能使用that,因此选择A。〖10江苏〗Thenewlybuiltcafé,thewallsof_______arepaintedlightgreen,isreallyapeacefulplaceforus,speciallyafterhardwork.A.thatB.itC.whatD.which〖答案〗D〖考点〗定语从句〖解析〗定语从句表示咖啡屋的墙
〖100陕西〗Theoldtemple_______roofwasdamagedinstormisnowunderrepair.A.whereB.whichC.itsD.whose〖答案〗D〖考点〗考查定语从句。〖解析〗所填词引导定语从句,先行词是theoldtemple,关系词在从句中做roof的定语,用关系代词whose,选D。其余选项与题意不符。〖10全国Ⅱ〗Irefusetoaccepttheblameforsomething________wassomeoneelse’sfault.A.whoB.thatC.asD.what〖答案〗B〖考点〗定语从句。〖解析〗不定代词something作主语,用that引导。〖10湖北〗Mymotherwassoproudofall________(我所做的)thatsherewardedmewithatriptoBeijing.(do)〖答案〗thatIhaddone〖考点〗定语从句〖解析〗先行词是“all”的时候,定语从句只能由“that”引导,又因为主句是一般过去时,“我”所做的事情是过去已经完成的事情,所以要用过去完成时。〖10湖北〗________(正如我们强调的那样)manytimes,“servethepeople”isourfirstpolicy.(stress)〖答案〗Aswehavestressed〖考点〗非限定性定语从句〖解析〗当句子以整个主句作为先行词,又放在主句前的非限定性定语从句只能由“as”来引导,主句的内容作定语从句谓语动词的宾语〖10北京〗Childrenwhoarenotactiveordietishighinfatwillgainweightquickly.A.whatB.whoseC.whichD.that〖答案〗B〖考点〗本题考查定语从句关系副词的选择。〖解析〗不爱运动或者饮食热量偏高的孩子们会很快发胖。较简单。本定语从句不缺成分,为主系表结构,因此只能在考虑填关系副词。A中的What不能引导定语从句。选B.whose谁的,符合题意。
〖10重庆〗Inchina,thenumberofcitiesisincreasing________developmentisrecognizedacrosstheworld.A.whereB.whichC.whoseD.that〖答案〗C〖考点〗考查定语从句。〖解析〗development与先行词cities之间是所属关系,所以选whose。句意是:在中国,城市的数量在增加,城市的发展被全世界意识到。〖10浙江〗Thesettlementishometonearly1,000people,manyoflefttheirvillagehomesforabetterlifeinthecity.A.whomB.whichC.themD.those〖答案〗A〖考点〗本题考查定语从句引导词。〖解析〗由many之后的逗号和选项特征,此处是主从句关系,排除C、D项。由于先行词是“1,000people”,表示人,故用whom。句意为:这里居住着将近1000人,他们中的许多人都背井离乡去城市追求更好的生活。〖09山东〗WheneverImether,_________wasfairlyoften,shegreetedmewithasweetsmile.A.whoB.whichC.whenD.that〖答案〗B〖考点〗本题考查连词的用法,〖解析〗不论何时遇见她,她总是用甜美的微笑和我打招呼,这是非常经常的事。考查非限制性定语从句,从句_________wasfairlyoften插在主句中的时间状语从句后,关系代词which可代替主句整个句子的意思并在从句中作主语。答案B。〖09全国I〗Shebroughtwithherthreefriends,noneofIhadevermetbefore.A.themB.whoC.whomD.these〖答案〗C〖考点〗考查定语从句中的非限制性定语从句。〖解析〗句意为:她带着她的三个朋友,他们三个中没有一个人我曾见过。表示“部分的词语+of+关系代词”在非限制性定语从句指人只能用whom。〖09江苏〗Becauseofthefinancialcrisis,daysaregone__local5-starhotelscharged6,000yuanforonenight.
A.ifB.whenC.whichD.since〖答案〗B〖考点〗考查定语从句中的非限制性定语从句。〖解析〗由于金融危机,当地五星级酒店一晚收费6000元的日子不复存在了。when引导的从句做days的定语。〖09天津〗Aperson______e-mailaccountisfullwon’tbeabletosendorreceiveanye-mails.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.whoever〖答案〗C〖考点〗考查定语从句,〖解析〗如果一个人的邮箱帐户满了,就不能收发邮件。根据句意判断,关系代词whose替代先行词aperson作从句中主语的定语。答案C。〖09陕西〗GuncontrolisasubjectAmericanshavearguedforalongtime.A.ofwhichB.withwhichC.aboutwhichD.intowhich〖答案〗C〖考点〗考查定语从句,〖解析〗枪支管理是美国人长期争论的一个话题。先行词是Guncontrol,指物,关系词在从句中做介词的宾语,介词前置,介词与从句动词构成搭配argueaboutsth,选C。〖09上海〗Mozart’sbirthplaceandthehouse______hecomposed‘TheMagicFlute’arebothmuseumsnowKs5uA.whereB.whenC.thereD.whichKs5u〖答案〗A〖考点〗考查定语从句的用法。〖解析〗句意为:莫扎特出生的地方和他作曲“魔笛”的房间现在都是博物馆了。先行词thehouse在句中作地点状语,需加介词in,where=inwhich。答案A。〖09江西〗ThehouseIgrewup________hasbeentakendownandreplacedbyanofficebuilding.A.initB.inC.inthatD.inwhich〖答案〗B〖考点〗本题考查定语从句。〖解析〗我小时候住过的那房子已经被推倒,取而代之的是一幢办公楼。Igrewup
________作主语thehouse的定语从句,省略了关系代词that或which,因此判断空格处该填介词in;若把空格移到I前,则D(inwhich)是正确答案。答案B。〖09安徽〗Manychildren,parentsareawayworkinginbigcities,aretakengoodcareofinthevillage.A.theirB.whoseC.ofthemD.withwhom〖答案〗B〖考点〗本题考查定语从句。〖解析〗许多父母离家在大城市工作的小孩在村里得到很好的照顾。先行词是children,关系代词whose引导定语从句并在从句中作定语。答案B。〖09四川〗She’llneverforgetherstaythere___shefoundhersonwhohadgonemissingtwoyearsbefore.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when〖答案〗D〖考点〗考查定语从句。〖解析〗她永远也忘不了她在那儿逗留期间,在那时她找到了两年前走失的儿子。先行词herstay与介词during搭配在从句中作时间状语。答案D。〖09辽宁〗They’vewontheirlastthreematches.________IfindabitsurprisingA.thatB.whenC.whatD.which〖答案〗D〖考点〗考查非限定性定语从句关系词的辨析。〖解析〗此处意思是“他们赢得了最后的三场比赛,我觉得这确实有点让人意外”,which代替上句“They’vewontheirlastthreematches”做find的宾语,选D。A项不能用于非限制性定语从句中,B,C此处没有他们的意思。〖09福建〗It’shelpfultoputchildreninasituationtheycanseethemselvesdifferently.A.thatB.whenC.whichD.where〖答案〗D〖考点〗考查定语从句。〖解析〗先行词是situation,指物,亦可指地点,关系词在从句中做地点状语,用关系副词where,选D。把孩子放在他们能够另眼看自己的环境里是有益的。
〖09浙江〗Ihavereachedapointinmylife______Iamsupposedtomakedecisionsofmyown.A.whichB.whereC.howD.why〖答案〗B〖考点〗考查定语从句。〖解析〗我已经达到人生的一个转折点,在这转折点,我得自己拿主意。考查定语从句。先行词是point,与介词at搭配在从句中作状语。where=atthispoint。答案B。〖09重庆〗Lifeislikealongrace_____wecompetewithotherstogobeyondourselves.A.whyB.whatC.thatD.where〖答案〗D〖考点〗考查定语从句。〖解析〗人生像一场长跑比赛,我们在比赛中和他人竞争以超越自己。先行词race在定语从句中作地点状语需加介词in,因此用where。答案D。〖09湖南〗IwasborninNewOrleans,Louisiana,acitynamewillcreateapictureofbeautifultreesandgreengrassinourmind.A.whichB.ofwhichC.thatD.whose〖答案〗D〖考点〗考查定语从句。〖解析〗我出生在路易斯安娜州的新奥尔良市,这是一个看到它的名字就会在我们脑海里浮现出一副绿树成荫、青草萋萋的画面的城市。先行词city在从句中作name的定语,因此填whose。答案D。〖09全国Ⅱ〗Myfriendshowedmeroundthetown,wasverykindofhim.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.it〖答案〗A〖考点〗考查非限制性定语从句〖解析〗我朋友带我参观这小镇,他这么做真是一个好人。这儿的which指代前面整句话内容。〖09北京〗—Whatdoyouthinkofteacher,Bob?—Ifinditfunandchallenging.Itisajob___youaredoingsomethingseriousbutinteresting.A.whereB.whichC.whenD.that〖答案〗A
〖考点〗考查定语从句。〖解析〗——鲍勃,你觉得教书怎么样?——我觉得这是个很有趣且具挑战性的工作。这是一项你始终认真对待但乐趣无穷的工作。先行词job与介词in搭配在从句中作地点状语,inwhich=where。答案A。〖08全国Ⅱ〗Theroadconditionsthereturnedouttobeverygood,______wasmorethanwecouldexpect.A.itB.whatC.whichD.that〖答案〗C〖考点〗考查定语从句。〖解析〗句意为:那里的路况证明是非常好的,这超出了我们的想象。which引导非限制性定语从句,which指代前面整个句子的内容。A、B、D三项均不能引导非限制性定语从句。〖08北京〗I’llgiveyoumyfriend’shomeaddress,Icanbereachedmostevenings.A.whichB.whenC.whomD.where〖答案〗D〖考点〗考查定语从句。〖解析〗由于先行词是homeaddress表示地点,故定语从句中的关系词应为where。〖08安徽〗Alltheneighborsadmirethisfamily,theparentsaretreatingtheirchildlikeafriend.A.whyB.whereC.whichD.that〖答案〗B〖考点〗考查非限制性定语从句〖解析〗句意为:所有的邻居都对这个家庭赞赏不已,在这个家庭里,父母对待他们的孩子就像对待朋友一样。family后跟非限制性定语从句,此处缺少地点状语,故用where。〖08江西〗Laterinthischaptercaseswillbeintroducedtoreadersconsumercomplaintshaveresultedinchangesinthelaw.A.whereB.whenC.whoD.which〖答案〗A〖考点〗考查定语从句。〖解析〗这个从句应是定语从句,先行词是前面的cases,空白处在从句中作状语,应用where引导,指抽象的地点,意为“在这些案例中……”。
〖08湖南〗Thegrowingspeedofaplantisinfluencedbyanumberoffactors,arebeyondourcontrol.A.mostofthemB.mostofwhichC.mostofwhatD.mostofthat〖答案〗B〖考点〗考查非限制性定语从句〖解析〗句意为:植物的生长速度受诸多因素的影响,绝大多数的因素是我们控制不了的。which引导非限制性定语从句,且作介词of的宾语。〖08陕西〗Themanpulledoutagoldwatch,weremadeofsmalldiamonds.A.thehandsofwhomB.whomthehandsofC.whichthehandsofD.thehandsofwhich〖答案〗D〖考点〗考查非限制性定语从句〖解析〗watch是物,故定语从句的引导词不可用whom,可排除A、B两项。由句意可知,空格处可填入whosehands或thehandsofwhich表示所属关系。〖08四川〗Formanycitiesintheworld,thereisnoroomtospreadoutfurther,NewYorkisanexample.A.forwhichB.inwhichC.ofwhichD.fromwhich〖答案〗C〖考点〗考查非限制性定语从句〖解析〗句意为:对于世界上许多城市来说,没有可以进一步延展的空间,其中纽约是一个例子。表达“……中的一个……”应使用介词of,用以表示所属关系。〖08重庆〗TheywillflytoWashington,theyplantostayfortwoorthreedays.A.whereB.thereC.whichD.when〖答案〗A〖考点〗考查非限制性定语从句〖解析〗where引导非限制性定语从句,在从句中作地点状语。〖08浙江〗Yesterdayshesoldhercar,______sheboughtamonthago.A.whenB.whereC.thatD.which〖答案〗D〖考点〗考查非限制性定语从句〖解析〗which引导非限制性定语从句,
充当bought的宾语。that不能引导非限制性定语从句。〖08福建〗Bynineo’clock,alltheOlympictorchbearershadreachedthetopofMountQomolangma,appearedararerainbowsoon.A.ofwhichB.onwhichC.fromwhichD.abovewhich〖答案〗D〖考点〗考查介词+关系代词引导的定语从句。〖解析〗which指代MountQomolangma,rainbow应在山峰的上空,故用介词above。〖08江苏〗TheScienceMuseum,wevisitedduringarecenttriptoBritain,isoneofLondon’stouristattractions.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.where〖答案〗A〖考点〗考查非限制性定语从句〖解析〗which引导非限制性定语从句,指代先行词theScienceMuseum,同时又在从句中作visited的宾语。where为关系副词,不能作宾语;that不能引导非限制性定语从句;what不能引导定语从句。〖08山东〗OccasionsarequiterareIhavethetimetospendadaywithmykids.A.whoB.whichC.whyD.when〖答案〗D〖考点〗考查定语从句〖解析〗when此处为关系副词,引导定语从句,修饰先行词occasions,when在从句中作时间状语。〖07全国Ⅰ〗Somepre-schoolchildrengotoadaycarecenter,theylearnsimplegamesandsongs.A.thenB.thereC.whileD.where〖答案〗D〖考点〗考查非限制性定语从句〖解析〗where引导非限制性定语从句,在从句中作地点状语,相当于inwhich。〖07北京〗Weshouldn’tspendourmoneytestingsomanypeople,mostofarehealthy.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.whom〖答案〗D
〖考点〗考查非限制性定语从句〖解析〗mostofwhom为“代词+介词+关系代词”在句中引导非限制性定语从句,whom指代先行词people。That不引导非限制性定语从句。〖07上海〗Hismoviewonseveralawardsatthefilmfestival,wasbeyondhiswildestdream.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.it〖答案〗A〖考点〗考查非限制性定语从句〖解析〗which引导非限制性定语从句,指代整个主句的内容。〖07天津〗Thosesuccessfuldeafdancersthinkthatdancingisanactivitysightmattersmorethanhearing.A.whenB.whoseC.whichD.where〖答案〗D〖考点〗考查定语从句〖解析〗句意为“那些成功的盲人舞蹈家认为舞蹈是一项视觉比听觉更为重要的活动。”先行词activity后跟定语从句,从句中where作地点状语,意为“在那儿,在那种情况或场合下”。〖07安徽〗Lastweek,onlytwopeoplecametolookatthehouse,wantedtobuyit.A.noneofthemB.bothofthemC.noneofwhomD.neitherofwhom〖答案〗D〖考点〗此处考查“of+关系代词whom”引导非限制性定语从句〖解析〗两者之间用neither表示否定。〖07江西〗Aftergraduationshereachedapointinhercareersheneededtodecidewhattodo.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.where〖答案〗D〖考点〗本题考查定语从句关系词的确定。〖解析〗英语中,point/situation/case等作先行词,其后的关系词在定语从句中作状语时,用关系副词where(相当于inwhich)。该定语从句缺少地点状语,因此用where。what不能引导定语从句。〖07湖南〗Byservingothers,apersonfocusesonsomeoneotherthanhimselforherself,
canbeveryeye-openingandrewarding.A.whoB.whichC.whatD.that〖答案〗B〖考点〗考查非限制性定语从句〖解析〗空白处所在句为非限制性定语从句,C、D两项可排除,关系词在句中作主语,且指代上文的事情,所以A项可排除。〖07陕西〗Today,we’lldiscussanumberofcasesbeginnersofEnglishfailtousethelanguageproperly.A.whichB.asC.whyD.where〖答案〗D〖考点〗本题考查定语从句。〖解析〗定语从句中有些特例,那就是case,point,situation等词作定语从句的先行词,若定语从句缺状语,则用where引导。此处先行词为cases,后面定语从句缺少状语,故选where。〖07四川〗Itisreportedthattwoschools,arebeingbuiltinmyhometown,willopennextyear.A.theybothB.whichbothC.bothofthemD.bothofwhich〖答案〗D〖考点〗此处考查定语从句〖解析〗应用关系代词,因此排除A、C两项;B项中的both应置于are之后,所以只有D〖07北京〗Womendrinkmorethantwocupsofcoffeeadayhaveagreaterchanceofhavingheartdiseasethanthosedon’t.A.who;/B./;whoC.who;whoD./;/〖答案〗C〖考点〗考查定语从句〖解析〗此句中包含两个定语从句,且关系词在定语从句中都作主语,不能省略。〖07重庆〗Humanfacialexpressionsdifferfromthoseofanimalsinthedegreetheycanbecontrolledonpurpose.A.withwhichB.towhichC.ofwhichD.forwhich〖答案〗B〖考点〗考查定语从句。
〖解析〗towhich中的which指代前面提到的degree,由于表示“在……程度上”时,degree前面习惯上要搭配介词to,故要选B。又如:TowhatdegreeareyouinterestedinJapanese?你对日语的兴趣达到了什么程度?Atthattimepoliticianswerenotknowntothedegreethattheyaretoday.那时政治家们并不像今天这样为人所知晓。题干的意思是:人类与动物面部表情的不同之处在于,人类可以在一定程度上有意识地控制其表情。〖07浙江〗Chan’srestaurantonBakerStreet,usedtobepoorlyrun,isnowasuccessfulbusiness.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.where〖答案〗B〖考点〗本题考查定语从句。〖解析〗前有逗号,故为非限制性定语从句,先行词为Chan’srestaurant,指物,又作定语从句的主语,故用which。〖07福建〗Thevillagehasdevelopedalotwelearnedfarmingtwoyearsago.A.whenB.whichC.thatD.where〖答案〗D〖考点〗本题考查定语从句,且本句为分隔性定语从句。〖解析〗定语从句的先行词为thevillage,从句中缺少地点状语,故用where引导。〖07辽宁〗Ericreceivedtrainingincomputerforoneyear,hefoundajobinabigcompany.A.afterthatB.afterwhichC.afteritD.afterthis〖答案〗B〖考点〗考查非限制性定语从句〖解析〗此处为“介词+关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句,which指代整个主句的内容。〖07江苏〗Hewaseducatedatthelocalhighschool,hewentontoBeijingUniversity.A.afterwhichB.afterthatC.inwhichD.inthat〖答案〗A〖考点〗考查非限制性定语从句〖解析〗afterwhich为“介词+关系代词”结构,引导非限制性定语从句,which指代整个主句的内容。〖07山东〗—Wheredidyougettoknowher?
—Itwasonthefarmweworked.A.thatB.thereC.whichD.where〖答案〗D〖考点〗考查非限制性定语从句〖解析〗where在句中引导定语从句,并在从句中作地点状语。〖07山东〗Thebookwaswrittenin1946,theeducationsystemhaswitnessedgreatchanges.A.whenB.duringwhichC.sincethenD.sincewhen〖答案〗D〖考点〗考查非限制性定语从句〖解析〗sincewhen=since1946,此处用since来连接两个句子,主句要用现在完成时态。〖06天津〗TheBeatles,manyofyouareoldenoughtoremember,camefromLiverpool.A.whatB.thatC.howD.as〖答案〗D〖考点〗考查非限制性定语从句〖解析〗根据句子结构和意义可知空格处应选用一个非限制性定语从句的引导词;what不引导定语从句,that不能用于引导非限制性定语从句;该定语从句中的引导词应作remember的宾语,排除how。〖06天津〗ThereismuchchanceBillwillrecoverfromhisinjuryintimefortherace.A.thatB.whichC.untilD.if〖答案〗A〖考点〗考查定语从句〖解析〗that引导同位语从句,在从句中无意义,也不作句子成分;which引导定语从句应作句子成分,引导名词性从句表示“哪一个”;用until意义不通,用if则应为ifBillrecoversfrom...。〖06辽宁〗Iwastoldthattherewereabout50foreignstudentsChineseintheschool,mostwerefromGermany.A.study;ofwhomB.study;ofthemC.studying;ofthemD.studying;ofwhom〖答案〗D〖考点〗考查定语从句
〖解析〗第一空用现在分词结构作后置定语,相当于定语从句whostudyChinese;第二空whom引导定语从句,且在从句中作介词of的宾语。〖06浙江〗Iwasgiventhreebooksoncooking,thefirstIreallyenjoyed.A.ofthatB.ofwhichC.thatD.which〖答案〗B〖考点〗考查定语从句〖解析〗因thefirst与threebooks之间是部分与整体的关系,因此应用介词of,且介词后只能用which,不用that。〖06福建〗Lookout!Don’tgettooclosetothehouseroofisunderrepair.A.whoseB.whichC.ofwhichD.that〖答案〗A〖考点〗本题考查定语从句引导词whose的用法〖解析〗关系代词whose意为“……的”,表示所属关系,在定语从句中作定语,修饰从句的主语roof;whoseroof=ofwhichtheroof或theroofofwhich。