2012届高考英语语法精讲精练-名词和主谓一致 24页

2012届新课标高三第二轮专题讲解（一）分类专有名词普通名词国名地名人名，团体机构名称可数名词不可数名词个体名词集体名词抽象名词物质名词（二）转换个体名词与抽象名词的相互转换抽象化(抽象名词，不可数名词)个体名词(可数)inflower开花aflower一朵花儿youth青春ayouth年轻人success成功asuccess成功的人或事物质名词与个体名词的相互转换物质名词(不可数)具体化(个体名词，可数名词)iron铁aniron熨斗glass玻璃aglass玻璃杯chicken鸡肉achicken小鸡抽象名词与个体名词的转换抽象名词(不可数)具体化(个体名词，可数名词)insurprise惊讶地asurprise一件令人惊讶的事winsuccess获得成功asuccess一个(件)成功的人(事)winhonor赢得荣誉anhonor一个(件)引以为荣的人(事)Failureisthemotherofsuccess.失败是成功之母.afailure一个(件)失败的人(事) havepityonsb.怜悯某人apity可惜的事情withpleasure乐意apleasure乐事可数名词有单数和复数的变化，而单复数的变化又分为规则变化和不规则变化两种。分类变化方法举例规则变化单数名词词尾直接加-sboy—boyspen—pens以s，x，ch，sh结尾的单词一般加-esglass—glassesbox—boxeswatch—watchesbrush—brushes特例：stomach—stomachs以“辅音字母+y”结尾的变“y”为“i”再加“-es”baby—babieslady—ladies注意：penny的两种复数形式含义有所不同：pence（便士的钱数）pennies(便士的枚数)以“o”结尾的多数加-sradioszoosphotospianoskilostobaccos而下列名词的复数却要加-es：tomato—tomatoespotato—potatoeshero—heroes以“f”或“fe”结尾的名词复数形式变“f”或“fe”为“v”，之后再加-eswife—wivesself—selves特例：handkerchief—handkerchiefsgulf—gulfsbelief—beliefs不规则变化改变名词中的元音字母或其他形式man-menwoman-womenfoot-feetgoose-geesemouse-mice特例：child-children单复数相同sheepdeermeans（方法）works（作品、工厂、著作） 合成名词变成复数的情况：●将主体名词变为复数●无主体名词时将最后一部分变为复数●将两部分都变为复数●sons-in-lawlookers-onpassers-bystory-tellersboyfriends●grown-upshousewivesstopwatches●womensingersmenservants在熟悉以上规则的基础上，特别注意以下几点：1.注意以下名词数的概念①以s结尾，仍为单数的名词(多为学科名词)physics,linguistics,mathematics,politics,statistics,news,theUnitedStates②集合名词：表示一类事物的集合或总称，没有复数形式machinery,furniture,equipment,technology,luggage,baggage,homework,evidence③单数和复数形式表达不同的意思custom风俗，习惯—customs海关damage损害—damages赔偿金good好处，利益—goods货物time时间—times时代，次数，倍数fish鱼肉—fishes各种鱼paper纸—papers试卷，文件water水—waters水域room空间—rooms房间time时间—times时代arm手臂—arms武器④有些抽象名词有时以复数形式出现，表示具体化，意义发生变化或构成固定短语。useone’sbrains动脑筋meetwithdifficulties遇到各种困难makepreparations做准备inhighspirits情绪高涨goodmanners有礼貌Manythanks.非常感谢。Nopains,nogains.不劳无获。congratulations祝贺possessions所有物，财产surroundings环境⑤有些物质名词以复数形式出现，表示数量之多，范围之广。burstintotears大哭起来milesofgoldensands绵延几英里的金黄色沙滩burntoashes烧成灰烬⑥形式上虽是单数，但表示的是复数含义 people,police,cattle,staff,public,the＋adj.(therich富人),the＋分词(thewounded伤员)2.集体名词的数family,team,audience,class,club,committee,crowd,group,enemy,cattle,government,majority,minority,part,people,police,public,staff等集体名词注意其主谓一致，一般来说，视为整体时作单数看待，侧重其成员时则作复数看待。Theenemyhassufferedheavylosses.Theenemyareinflight.名词所有格的规则如下：①名词词尾加’s，如theboy’sbag,men’sroom。②若名词已有复数词尾“s”，只加“‘”。如：theworkers’struggle。③由of构成的所有格：无生命名词的所有格则必须用of结构。如：amapofChina，theendofthisterm，thecapitalofourcountry,thecoloroftheflowers。在熟悉以上规则的基础上，特别注意以下几点：1.如果两个名词并列，并且分别有“‘s”，则表示“分别有”；只有一个“‘s”，则表示“共有”。John’sandMary’srooms(分别拥有的房间)JohnandMary’sroom(共有的一间)2.“‘s”所有格的特殊表达形式①用于表示时间、距离、价格、重量等的名词后。today’snewspaper,fiveminutes’walk(drive)，fivepounds’weight,tendollars’worthofapples。②用于表示国家、世界、城市等地方的名词后。theearth’splant,theworld’spopulation,China’sindustry,NewYork’sparks。③表示店铺或某人的家时，常在名词所有格后省去shop，house等名词。thetailor’s裁缝店，thebarber’s理发店，gotothedoctor’s上诊所。3.双重所有格：of＋名词’s(或+名词性物主代词)afriendofTom’ssome/twostudentsofmine尤其是在表示赞扬、批评或厌恶等感情色彩时常常用这种结构。of所修饰的名词前通常有指示代词that/this/these/those，但不能用the。 Thatinventionofhersbelongstotheworld.她的那项发明是属于全世界的。(表赞赏)注意：当of之前的名词是picture,portrait等词时含义不同：Thisisapictureofmyfriend’s.这是我朋友收藏的一幅画。Thisisapictureofmyfriend.这是我朋友的一张照片。名词作定语是现代英语较为简洁的修饰语表达方式，根据习惯搭配可归为以下几类：1.表示中心词的用途、功能、材料stonefigures石像，shoeshop鞋店，coffeecup咖啡杯2.表示中心词的时间、地点、称呼。summerholidays暑假，schooleducation学校教育，eveningdress晚礼服注意：表具体的时间名词作定语，则要用所有格结构来表达。yesterday’snews昨天的消息anhour’sdrive开车一小时的路程3.表示中心词的类别、对象、身份。bikekey自行车的钥匙，animaltrainer驯兽师，womandriver女驾驶员4.表示中心词的内容computerstudies电脑学习，weatherreport天气预报，filmindustry电影工业5.表示部分与整体的关系riverbanks河岸，animalbones动物骨头，cigaretteends烟头名词作定语时的特别注意点：①名词作定语时，一般用其单数形式，且不随后面的名词的单复数产生变化twopencilboxes,girlfriends,aseven-year-oldboy但是，少数的名词作定语却用复数形式。sportsshoes运动鞋clothesshops服装店asalesgirl女销售员agreetingscard贺卡②man和woman作定语要注意其单复数形式的变化amandoctor—mendoctors;awomanengineer—womenengineers③名词作定语和所有格作定语的区别。thegirlfriend女朋友—thegirl"sfriend那位女孩的朋友thewomandriver女司机—thewoman"sdriver那位妇女的司机④名词作定语和形容词作定语的区别 名词作定语主要说明物质的材料、来源或对象；形容词作定语主要起修饰、限定的作用。goldwatch金表goldensunshine金色的阳光hearttrouble心脏病heartywelcome热忱的欢迎conveniencefood快餐convenientfood制作方便的食品名词是英语的主要词汇之一，也是历年高考的重要考点。综合近几年高考对名词的考查，单项填空题中，每年都出现1—2道题。此外，在阅读理解和完形填空中，名词的一词多义、熟词新意也经常涉及。因此，在备考中一定要结合具体的语境去感悟、理解名词的辨析、名词的一词多义以及名词的习惯用法等。①Wealwayskeep______sparepaper,incaseweranout.A.toomuchB.anumberofC.plentyofD.agoodmany【解析】②Theyoungdancerslookedsocharmingintheirbeautifulclothesthatwetook___picturesofthem.A.manyofB.massesofC.thenumberofD.alargeamountof【解析】Thevillageisfarawayfromhereindeed.It"s____walk.A.afourhourB.afourhour"sC.afour-hoursD.afourhours"【解析】①The_________isjustaroundthecornerandyouwon’tmissit.A.bicycle’sshopB.bicycleshopC.bicyclesshopDbicycles’shop【解析】答案为B。表示什么样的商店要用单数名词修饰“shop”。②Hedroppedthe_________andbrokeit.A.cupofcoffeeB.coffee"scupC.cupforcoffeeD.coffeecup【解析】一是考查语义方面的辨析： 主要考查某些多义词在特定上下文中的引申含义,以及准确辨别一些同义、近义词在特定语境中的差异的能力。①Mostairpollutioniscausedbytheburningof____likecoal,gasandoil.A.fuelsB.articlesC.goodsD.products【解析】②Tosavesomeofthehumanlanguagesbeforetheyareforgotten,thestudentsinourschoolstartedadiscussion“SaveOur”.A.SkyB.LifeC.ArtsD.Voices【解析】③—Shallwegooutforawalk?—Sorry.Thisisnottherighttoinviteme.Iamtootiredtowalk.A.momentB.situationC.placeD.chance【解析】④Thetopleadersofthetwocountriesareholdingtalksinafriendly.A.atmosphereB.stateC.situationD.phenomenon【解析】⑤What’stheofhavingapublicopenspacewhereyoucan’teat,drinkorevensimplyhangoutforawhile?A.senseB.matterC.caseD.opinion【解析】二是考查搭配方面的辨析：主要考查固定句型中的名词、名词与动词的搭配以及名词与介词的搭配等。①Theyoungmanmadea______tohisparentsthathewouldtrytoearnhisownlivingaftergraduation.A.predictionB.promiseC.planD.contribution【解析】②Iboughtadressforonly2010dollarsinasale;itwasareal.A.exchangeB.bargainC.tradeD.business【解析】③ItisnoarguingwithBillbecausehewillneverchangehismind. A.useB.helpC.timeD.way【解析】④Ihavereadthematerialseveraltimesbutitdoesn’tmakeany________tome.A.meaning B.importanceC.sense D.significance【解析】⑤Don’tleavematchesorcigarettesonthetablewithin________oflittlechildren.A.hand B.reachC.space D.distance【解析】在英语的句子中，谓语动词的形式应与主语的人称和数保持一致。近几年来，高考关于该内容的考查主要集中在语法一致、逻辑意义一致以及就近（远）一致原则等三个方面。一、语法一致原则只要确定句子的主语是单数意义，则谓语用单数，句子的主语意义复数，则谓语用复数。具体表现如下：1.不可数名词作主语，一律视为单数。某些以s结尾的单数名词作主语，仍视为单数。Nonewsisgoodnews.Histaskwastocollectinformation.Howmuchmachineryhasbeeninstalled?2.表示单一概念的动名词、不定式或句子作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Whenandwheretogofortheon－salaryholidayhasnotbeendecidedyet.3.“one,either,neither,eachof＋复数名词或代词”作主语时，谓语用单数。Eitherofthestoriesisveryfunny.4.something,everything,anything,nothing，somebody,nobody,noone等不定代词作主语，谓语通常是单数。Nothingisimpossible.5.表示时间、金钱、距离、重量、数量的复数名词作主语，通常看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数。Tenpoundswasmissingfromthebox. 6.aseriesof,akindof,apieceof,apairof等量词修饰名词，通常以量词的单复数形式来决定谓语的单复数。Thispairofglassesisveryexpensive.Twoseriesofnewstampshavebeenordered.7.anumberof＋复数名词，“许多……”，复数意义；thenumberof＋复数名词，“……的数目”，单数意义。thepopulationof…“……的人口数量”作主语时，谓语用单数，但如果是分数、百分数、halfof,therestofthepopulation作主语时，具体指其中的多少人，复数意义，谓语则用复数。theaverageof…“……的平均数量”，作主语时，谓语用单数。Thenumberofthestudentsinourschoolisquitelargeandanumberofteachersworkhard.ThepopulationofChinaislargeandmostofthepopulationarefarmers.8.主语后with,togetherwith,alongwith,except,besides,aswellas等短语时，谓语动词的数要和这些短语前面的名词的单复数保持一致。(因为with等词为介词，其后跟的名词只能是介宾，不可能充当主语。)Mr.GreentogetherwithhischildrengoestotheparkeverySunday.9.“the＋adj.”结构指一类人时，谓语动词用复数；如果指个别人或表示抽象的概念，谓语动词用单数。Thedisabledarewelltakencareofinthiscountry.Thedeadinthisaccidentwas20,agirlfromNanjingUniversity.Thenewiscertaintoreplacetheold.10.分数、百分数、all,some,therest,halfof,mostof,partof等作主语时，谓语动词的单复数根据其指代的含义确定。Therestoftheworkersarestillverytired.11.当and连接两个并列主语在意义上指同一人、同一物、同一事或者同一概念时，应看作单数，谓语动词用单数。另外，当and连接两个形容词去修饰一个单数形式的主语时，其实是指两种不同的事物，主语则应该看作是复数，那么谓语动词也应该用复数。Warandpeaceisaconstantthemeinhistory.ChineseandJapanesesilkareofgoodquality.英语中并列结构表示整体概念的有：ironandsteel钢铁lawandorder治安breadandbutter黄油面包awatchandchain一块带链的表 aknifeandfork一副刀叉acoatandtie一件配有领带的上衣aimandend目的truthandhonesty真诚12.what引导的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词的单复数要取决于作表语的名词的单复数。Whatsurprisedmemostwashisattitudetowardshisstudy.13.such作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式要根据其意义而定。SuchisStephenHawking,whohassufferedagreatdealbutachievedsomuch.14.quantitiesof＋名词作主语时，不论名词是复数还是不可数，谓语一律用复数。aquantityof＋名词复数作主语时，谓语用复数。aquantityof＋不可数名词作主语时，谓语用单数。amountsof＋不可数名词作主语时，谓语用复数。anamountof＋不可数名词作主语时，谓语用单数。Everydayquantitiesofwaterarewasted.Alargeamountofdamagehasbeendonebecauseofthefloods.二、逻辑意义一致原则1.every/each/no＋名词＋andevery/each/no＋名词作主语时，谓语用单数。Everyboyandeverygirlishavingsportsnow.2.“one＋单数名词＋andahalf”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Oneappleandahalfwasonthetable.3.“morethanone＋单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。Morethanonestudenthasfailedtheexam.4.“manya＋单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Manyachildwasplayingthere.【注意】以上四种情况，如果从意义上来讲，主语有复数意义，但由于名词都是以单数形式出现的，故谓语用单数形式，谓语形式上与主语的单数形式一致。三、就近（远）一致原则1.谓语动词的人称和数常常与最近作主语的词语保持一致。常出现在这类句子中的连词有：or,not…but…；either…or…，neither…nor…，notonly…butalso…等。EitherIortheyareresponsiblefortheresultofthematter.Neithertheunkindwordsnortheunfriendlyattitudehascausedmeanydistress.2.在倒装句中谓语可与后面最近的一个主语一致。 Inthedistancewasheardtheclappingofhandsandtheshoutsofthepeople.3.当therebe句型的主语是一系列事物时，谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。Thereisapen,aknifeandseveralbooksonthedesk.Therearetwentyboy－studentsandtwenty－threegirl－studentsintheclass.4.当一个句子是由there或here引起，而主语又不止一个时，谓语通常和最靠近它的主语一致。Hereisapen,afewenvelopesandsomepaperinthedrawer.5.在定语从句中，关系代词如果在从句中作主语，依先行词决定从句谓语动词的单复数形式；在“oneof＋复数名词＋who/that/which”引导的从句结构中，从句中的动词用复数形式；但是之前有the(only)等修饰语时，则从句中的动词用单数形式。MaryistheonlyoneofthestudentsinourschoolwhohaseverbeentoChina.6.主语后面跟有“with,togetherwith,except,but,like,aswellas,nolessthan,ratherthan,morethan,besides,alongwith,including,inadditionto”等引起的短语，谓语动词要跟主语一致，即就远一致。Mr.Green,togetherwithhiswifeandchildren,hascometoChina.Awomanwithababywasonthebus.NobodybutJimandMikewasontheplayground.ShelikeyouandTom,isverytall.ThegirlsaswellastheboyhavelearnedtospeakJapanese.Nooneexceptmyteachersknowsanythingaboutit.◆动词不定式、动名词以及名词性从句作主语时的主谓一致MostofwhathasbeensaidabouttheSmiths_______alsotrueoftheJohnsons.A.areB.isC.beingD.tobe【解析】◆one,either,neither,each等+of+复数名词或代词作主语时的主谓一致—Eachofthestudents,workinghardathisorherlessons,______togo touniversity.—SodoI.A.hopeB.hopesC.hopingD.hoped【解析】◆由and连接并列主语时的主谓一致①—Didyougototheshowlastnight?—Yeah.Everyboyandgirlinthearea________invited.A.wereB.havebeenC.hasbeenD.was【解析】②Apoetandartist________comingtospeaktousaboutChineseliteratureandpaintingtomorrowafternoon.A.isB.areC.wasD.were【解析】◆定语从句中的主谓一致Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswho_____awinnerofscholarshipforthreeyears.A.isB.areC.havebeenD.hasbeen【解析】◆quantitiesof+名词作主语时的主谓一致Withmoreforestsbeingdestroyed,hugequantitiesofgoodearth______eachyear.A.iswashingawayB.isbeingwashedawayC.arewashingawayD.arebeingwashedaway【解析】◆thenumberof与anumberof的区别①Asyoucansee,thenumberofcarsonourroads__________risingthesedays.A.waskeepingB.keepC.keepsD.werekeeping【解析】②Nowadays,alargenumberofwomen,especiallythosefromthecountryside,_______intheclothingindustry.A.isworkingB.worksC.workD.worked 【解析】◆分数、百分数作主语时的主谓一致①Thecompanyhadabout20notebookcomputersbutonlyone-third_____usedregularly.Nowwehave60workingalldaylong.A.isB.areC.wasD.were【解析】【答案】②_____ofthelandinthatdistrict______coveredwithtreesandgrass.A.Twofifth;isB.Twofifth;areC.Twofifths;isD.Twofifths;are【解析】◆倒装句中的主谓一致①Atthefootofthemountain________.A.avillagelieB.liesavillageC.doesavillagelieD.lyingavillage【解析】②Ontopofthebooks_______thephotoalbumyou’relookingfor.A.isB.areC.hasD.have【解析】◆表示抽象概念的名词或词组作主语时的主谓一致Asurveyoftheopinionsofexperts_________thatthreehoursofoutdoorexerciseaweek________goodforone’shealth.A.show;areB.shows;isC.show;isD.shows;are【解析】◆一些单复数形式相同的名词如作主语时的主谓一致Everypossiblemeans_____topreventthepollution,buttheskyisstillnotclear.A.isusedB.areusedC.hasbeenusedD.havebeenused 【解析】◆由连词“or，either…or…，neither…nor…，notonly…butalso…，whether…or…”等连接并列主语时的主谓一致（遵循就近一致原则）Eitheryouortheheadmaster_______theprizestothosegiftedstudentsatthemeeting.A.ishandingoutB.aretohandoutC.arehandingoutD.istohandout【解析】◆主语后有“aswellas，nolessthan，with，alongwith，togetherwith，ratherthan，but，except，including”等短语作插入语时的主谓一致（遵循就远一致原则）,即跟它们前面的主语一致。①Welivedaybyday,butinthegreatthings,thetimeofdaysandweeks_________sosmallthatadayisunimportant.A.isB.areC.hasbeenD.havebeen【解析】②Thefatheraswellashisthreechildren_________skatingonthefrozenrivereverySundayafternooninwinter.A.isgoingB.goC.goesD.aregoing【解析】答案为C。本题的主语是“father”，“aswellas”短语是插入成分，其后的名词不是主语的一部分。2009年1.（天津卷）I’mtryingtobreakthe_______ofgettinguptoolate.A.traditionB.convenienceC.habitD.leisure【答案】【解析】2.（安徽卷）Chinahasgotagoodforfightingagainstthefluwithitscarefulandsmoothorganization. A.reputationB.influenceC.impressionD.knowledge【答案】【解析】3.(福建卷)TheWorldHealthOrganizationgaveawarningtothepublicwithoutanywhenthevirusofH1N1hitMexicoinApril,2009.A.delayB.effortC.scheduleD.consideration【答案】【解析】4.(湖北卷)Hikingbyoneselfcanbefunandgoodforhealth.Itmayalsobegoodfor______building.A.respectB.friendshipC.reputationD.character【答案】【解析】5.(湖北卷)Inourclass,whenthebellrangandtheteacherclosedhisbook,itwasa______foreveryonetostandup.A.signalB.chanceC.markD.measure【答案】【解析】6.(江西卷)The____________shoeswerecoveredwithmud,soIaskedthemtotakethemoffbeforetheygotinto__________car.A.girl’s;Tom’sB.girls’;Toms’C.girls’;Tom’sD.girl’s;Toms’【答案】【解析】7.(山东卷)—Hesaysthatmynewcarisa____________ofmoney.21世纪教育网—Don’tyouthinkthosewordsarejustsourgrapes?A.lackB.loadC.questionD.waste21世纪教育网【答案】【解析】8.(陕西卷)Formtheir________onthetopoftheTVTower,visitorscanhaveabetterviewofthecity.A.stage        B.position          C.condition           D.situation 【答案】【解析】9.(浙江卷)Thesystemhasbeendesignedtogivestudentsquickandeasy______tothedigitalresourcesofthelibrary.A.accessB.passageC.wayD.approach【答案】【解析】10.(四川卷)Theteachertogetherwiththestudents________discussingReadingSkillsthat________newlypublishedinAmerica.A.are;wereB.is;wereC.are;wasD.is;was【答案】【解析】11.（湖南卷）Eitheryouoroneofyourstudents______toattendthemeetingthatisduetomorrow.A.areB.isC.haveD.be【答案】【解析】12.（江苏卷）ThepopulationofJiangsu__   tomorethantwicewhatitwasin1949.Thefigureisnowapproaching74million.A.hasgrown       B.havegrown      C.grew      D.aregrowing【答案】【解析】13.（江西卷）Atpresent,oneoftheapartmentsinfavorofthenewairport________thatitwillgoingalotjobstothearea.A.isB.areC.willbeD.were【答案】【解析】14.(山东卷)ThenumberofforeignstudentsattendingChineseuniversities________risingsteadilysince1990.A.isB.areC.hasbeenD.havebeen21世纪教育网【答案】【解析】 15.（陕西卷）Dr.Smith,togetherwithhiswifeanddaughters,visitBeijingthissummer.A.isgoingtoB.aregoingtoC.wasgoingtoD.weregoingto【答案】【解析】16.(四川卷)Theteachertogetherwiththestudents________discussingReadingSkillsthat________newlypublishedinAmerica.A.are;wereB.is;wereC.are;wasD.is;was【答案】【解析】2010年1.(安徽卷)Ihaven’tseenSarasinceshewasalittlegirl,andshehaschangedbeyond.A.hearingB.strengthC.recognitionD.measure【答案】【解析】2.(湖北卷)Thisrestauranthasbecomepopularforitswideoffoodsthatsuitalltastesandpockets.A.divisionB.areaC.rangeD.circle【答案】【解析】3.(湖北卷)Aftertheearthquake,thefirstthingthelocalgovernmentdidwastoprovideforthehomelessfamilies.A.occupationB.furnitureC.equipmentD.accommodation【答案】【解析】4.(江苏卷)Thedoctorisskilledattreatinghearttroubleandneveracceptsanygiftfromhispatients,sohehasaverygood_____.A.expectationB.reputationC.contributionD.civilization【答案】【解析】5.（江西卷）Lastyearthenumberofstudentswhograduatedwithadrivinglicensereached200,000,a(n) of40,000peryear.A.averageB.numberC.amountD.quantity【答案】【解析】6.(山东卷)Thosewhosufferfromheadachewillfindtheyget______fromthismedicine.A.reliefB.safetyC.defenseD.shelter【答案】【解析】7.(天津卷)Jamestookthemagazinesoffthelittletabletomake_______forthetelevision.A.roomB.areaC.fieldD.position【答案】【解析】8.(浙江卷)Theschooladvisershelpyoutalkthroughyourproblemsbuttheydon"tgiveyouanydirect__.A.solutionB.targetC.measureD.function【答案】【解析】9.(湖南卷)Listeningtoloudmusicatrockconcertscausedhearinglossinsometeenagers.A.isB.areC.hasD.have【答案】【解析】10.(四川卷)SuchpoetsasShakespearewidelyread,ofwhoseworks,however,somedifficulttounderstand.A.are；areB.is；isC.are；isD.is：are【答案】【解析】11.(全国卷Ⅱ)Barbaraiseasytorecognizeasshe’stheonlyoneofthewomenwho________eveningdress.A.wearB.wearsC.haswornD.haveworn【答案】【解析】 2011年1.（湖北卷）“Tommy,run!Bequick!Thehouseisonfire!”themothershouted,withclearly________inhervoice.A.angerB.rudenessC.regretD.panic【答案】【解析】2.（湖北卷）Givingupmyjobtogobacktofull-timeeducationwasabig_______,butnowIknowitwasthebestdecisionIevermade.A.projectB.commitmentC.competitionD.ambition【答案】【解析】3.（山东卷）There’sa_________inourofficethatwhenit’ssomebody’sbirthday,theybringinacakeforusalltoshare.A.traditionB.balanceC.concernD.relationship【答案】【解析】4.（江西卷）What’sthe________,inyouropinion,ofhelpinghimifhedoesn’tmakeanefforttohelphimself?A.sympathyB.themeC.objectD.point【答案】【解析】5.（江苏卷）Teachershavetoconstantlyupdatetheirknowledgeinordertomaintaintheirprofessional_______.A.consequenceB.independenceC.competenceD.intelligence【答案】【解析】6.（浙江卷）Anyway,Ican’tcheathim—it’sagainstallmy________.A.emotionsB.principlesC.regulationsD.opinions【答案】【解析】7.（福建卷）Thelackofeco-friendlyhabitsamongthepublicisthoughttobeamajor_______of globalclimatechange.A.resultB.causeC.warningD.reflection【答案】【解析】8.（四川卷）Alwaysremembertoputsuchdangerousthingsaslivesoutchildren’s_______.A.touchB.sightC.reachD.distance【答案】【解析】9.（安徽卷）Thefactoryused65percentoftherawmaterials,therestofwhich_______savedforotherpurposes.A.isB.areC.wasD.were【答案】【解析】10.（湖南卷）Onethirdofthecountry______coveredwithtreesandthemajorityofthecitizens_______blackpeople.A.is;areB.is;isC.are;areD.are;is【答案】【解析】11.（江苏卷）22.Thefactthatsomanypeoplestillsmokeinpublicplaces_________thatwemayneedanationwidecampaigntoraiseawarenessoftherisksofsmoking.A.suggestB.suggestsC.suggestedD.suggesting【答案】【解析】1.Anyhelpfromyouwillbegreatlyappreciated.Pleasegivemeareplyatyourearliest________.A.interruptionB.instructionC.considerationD.convenience【答案】【解析】2.IfyouaskwhyIplantostudyintheUnitedStates，theonlyansweristhatitisa(n) ________forme.A.puzzleB.advantageC.challengeD.average【答案】【解析】3.Theconferencehasbeenheldtodiscussthe________ofglobalwarmingonpeople’slivesallovertheworld.A.importanceB.effectsC.protectionD.attitudes【答案】【解析】4.IamreallyabitworriedbecauseIhavenoideawhatmyparents’________willbetomypoorexaminationresult.A.expressionB.reactionC.appearanceD.expectation【答案】【解析】5.Thereisno________ingoingtoschoolforthestudentsmerelytolearnsomefacts.A.doubtB.mindC.pointD.wonder【答案】【解析】6.Herearesome________foryoutofollowwhenyoutakeatestinchemistry.A.patternsB.tipsC.topicsD.efforts【答案】【解析】7.Mr.Lihassometroublesleeping，sodrinkingaglassofmilkbeforegoingtobedeverynightishiscommon________.A.practiceB.knowledgeC.experienceD.duty【答案】【解析】8.—Paulhasgoneabroadtotryhisluck.—Inmy________,hisdecisionisnotwise.A.wordB.viewC.sightD.way【答案】【解析】 9.MyEnglishteacherisreallyverykind.I’llneverforgetthe________hehasdoneme.A.favorB.deedC.helpD.value【答案】【解析】10.AccordingtoaUNreport,30percentoftheworld’spopulationhaveno________tocleandrinkingwaterandhealthcare.A.meansB.approachC.channelD.access【答案】【解析】11.Itwasreportedthattheproblemhadbeensettledwithoutmuch________.A.affectB.affairC.effectD.effort【答案】【解析】12.ThespeechthatMr.Smithmadetodaygaveastrong________onthestudents.A.expressionB.impressionC.reputationD.expectation【答案】【解析】13.Ourgovernmenthasdecidedtogive________tothoseenvironmentally-friendlybusinessesinmanyaspects.A.profitB.interestC.preferenceD.advantage【答案】【解析】14.Findingagirlstrugglinginthewater，hethrewhimselfintothewaterwithout________.A.hesitationB.suggestionC.orderD.asking【答案】【解析】15.—Howdoyoulikethesceneryhere,Mr.Black?—Wonderfulindeed.Beyondall________,Isuppose.A.explanationB.introductionC.descriptionD.instruction【答案】【解析】16.Thissentenceisdifficulttounderstand.Canyoumakeofit?A.senseB.knowledgeC.ideaD.understanding【答案】 【解析】17.Myfatherdidn"thavetosayanything.Iknewhewasupsetfromhis________.A.lookB.sightC.appearanceD.sign【答案】【解析】18.Thedoorandthewindowswereallclosedandtherewasno________offorcedentry.A.sceneB.signalC.signD.sight【答案】【解析】19.ManypeopleinHaitidiedfromtheearthquakebecausetheydidn"thave________toimmediaterescue.A.accessB.admissionC.approachD.attention【答案】【解析】20.The________totheenvironmenthashelpedmanyanimalstoescapefromtheirenemiesandfitinwiththesurroundings.A.adaptationB.adoptionC.recreationD.foundation【答案】【解析】21.ChenFang,aswellashistwocolleagues,________foratriptoTibetinamonth.A.goesB.goC.isgoingD.aregoing【答案】【解析】22.Theatmosphereisasmuchapartoftheearthas_______itssoilandwaterofitslakes,riversandoceans.A.hasB.doC.isD.are【答案】【解析】23.Infact,notonlyMaryandIbutalsoJane___havingoneexamafteranother.A.istiredwithB.aretiredwithC.istiredofD.aretiredof【答案】【解析】24.Eitheryouoroneofyourstudents___toattendthemeetingthatisduetomorrow.A.areB.isC.haveD.be【答案】 【解析】25.—Didyougototheshowlastnight?—Yeah.Everyboyandgirlinthearea______invited.A.wereB.havebeenC.hasbeen　D.was【答案】【解析】26.AteacherofEnglishandclassteacher_______ussomethingaboutvolunteerworkers.AaretellingB.istelling　　C.aregivenD.weregiven【答案】【解析】27.Thereatable,fourchairs,threebikesinthecourtyard,inthemiddleofwhichtwotalltreeswithgreatshade.A.are;isB.is;areC.has;haveD.have;has【答案】【解析】28.OurmonitorsaidtoourEnglishteacher,“All_________presentandall_______goingonwell.”A.is,isB.are,areC.are,isD.is,are【答案】【解析】29.Theyoungeatenupalmosteverything;oneandahalfbananas_____leftonthetable.A.is;areB.are;isC.has;havebeenD.have;hasbeen【答案】【解析】30.Asurveyoftheopinionsofexpertsthatthreehoursofoutdoorexerciseaweekgoodforone’shealth.A.show;areB.shows;isC.show;isD.shows;are【答案】【解析】