高考英语语法复习-定语从句 24页

定语从句一概念:　*定语从句-----在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子.(在句子中作定语)HarryPorterisaboy（whohasmagicpower.）*定语从句的结构------引导词+从句的其他成分（使用陈述语序）*先行词-----定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。*关系词（定语从句的引导词）-------1.关系代词（在从句中做主语或宾语，有whowhomwhichthat）2.关系副词（在从句中做状语，有whenwherewhy）*★★★限制性定语从句中关系代词的用法主语宾语定语人who、thatwhom、who、thatwhose=ofwhom物Which、thatwhich、thatwhose=ofwhich注：1.限制性定语从句中关系代词的省略关系代词做动词的宾语，可省略。作介词的宾语，且介宾远离可省略。作介词的宾语，且介宾紧挨不可省略。2.在非限制性定语从句中，一不可省略宾语（关系代词）二不用that.*★★★限制性定语从句中关系代词的用法关系副词先行词在从句中所做的成分When=at/in/onwhich表时间的名词时间状语Where=in/atwhich表地点的名词特stage、case、point、situation地点状语Why=forwhich表原因的词语reason原因状语二．定语从句的由来★★★关系代词实际上是先行词的复指★★★关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格★★★关系副词实际上是介词＋先行词1.先行词为人，关系代词在定语从句中做主语。Ihelpedanoldman.Theoldmanlosthisway.24ByCuiXialing Ihelpedanoldmanwho/thatlosthisway.Ihelpedanoldman,wholosthisway.2.先行词为人，关系代词在定语从句中做宾语。Theboyismyfriend.Youmethimjustnow/Theboy(whom/who/that)youmetjustnowismyfriend.Theboy,whom/whoyoumetjustnowismyfriend3.先行词为物，关系代词在定语从句中做主语。Footballisagame.Thegameislikedbymostboys.Footballisagamewhich/thatislikedbymostboys.Footballisagame,whichislikedbymostboys.4.先行词为物，关系代词在定语从句中做宾语。Icannotfindthebook..Iboughtabookyesterday.Icannotfindthebook.(which/that)Iboughtyesterday.Icannotfindthebook,whichIboughtyesterday.5.先行词为人，关系代词在定语从句中做定语Iknowaboy.Hismaneisjack.=Iknowaboy.ThenameofhimisjackIknowaboywhosenameisjack.=Iknowaboy,thenameofwhomisjack.=Iknowaboy,ofwhomthenameisjack.6.先行词为物，关系代词在定语从句中做定语Ioncelivedinahouse.Thehouse’sroofhasfallen。=theroofofthehousehasfallen.Ioncelivedinahousewhoseroofhasfallen.=Ioncelivedinahouse,theroofofwhichhasfallen.7.whenThetimefinallycame.Duringthistimewegottogether.Thetime(duringwhichgottogether)finallycame.Thetime(whenwegottogether)finallycame.8.whereThehousehasbeenputdown.Ilivedinthehouse.Thehouse(inwhichIlivedtenyearsago)hasbeenputdown.Thehouse(whereIlivedtenyearsago)hasbeenputdown.9.whyPleasetellmethereason.Forthatreasonyoumissedthetrain.Pleasetellmethereason(forwhichyoumissedthetrain)24ByCuiXialing Pleasetellmethereason(whyyoumissedthetrain)三定语从句的一般用法*★★★如何选用定语从句的关系词•1.首先分清主句和定语从句•2.确定定语从句的先行词•3.把先行词带回到定语从句中去，看其在定语从句中做什么语法成分（主语，宾语，定语或状语）•4.若先行词在从句中做主语、宾语或定语则选择关系代词，若在从句中做状语，则选择关系副词。1.关系代词的用法thatthat:可指人或物；可作主语，宾语。指人时，相当于who或whom；指物时，相当于whichAletter________iswritteninpencilisdifficulttoread.Doyouknowthegentleman_________spokejustnow?Whatisthequestion________theyaretalkingabout?Hereistheman______________youwanttosee.whichwhich:指物；可作主语，宾语，状语。1.Thebook_____wasonthedeskwasboughtbymyfather.2.Thebook_____Iboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting.3.Thefactory_____hisfatherworksisfarfromhere.who,whom,whosewho:主格,在从句中作主语，只可指人；whom:宾格，在从句中作宾语，只可指人；whose:属格，在从句中作定语，可指人也可指物。（whose=ofwhich或ofwhom）Ilikethestudentswhoworkhard.Allwhoheardthestorywereamazed.Chaplin,forwhomlifehadoncebeenveryhard,wasasuccessasanactor. Achildwhoseparentsaredeadiscalledanorphan.I"dlikearoomwhosewindowfacessouth.24ByCuiXialing 2.关系副词的用法WhenWhen指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。其先行词是表时间的名词（如：time,day,week,year,month等）HecamelastnightwhenIwasout.Wewillputoffthepicnicuntilnextweek,whentheweatherwouldbebetter.when=介词+which•IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametothisschool.(when=onwhich)•Hecameatatimewhenweneededhimmost.(when=atwhich)•Wewillneverforgettheyear1949,whenthePeople"sRepublicofChinawasfounded.(when=inwhich)WhereWhere指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。其先行词是表示地点的名词。（如：place,school,factory,room等）ThisistheplacewhereIwasborn.Iliveintheroomwhere/inwhichheusedtolive.where=介词+which•IrecentlywentbacktothetownwhereIwasborn.(where=inwhich)•Iwouldliketoliveinacountrywherethereisplentyofsunshine.(where=inwhich)Why•Why指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语。先行词为reason时，可用forwhich指代。Thereasonwhy/forwhich/(that)hedidn"tattendthemeetingwasthathewasill.★★★3.as的用法Hewasaforeigner,____Iknewfromhisaccent. A.thatB.asC.whereD.why①如为限制性的，多用于thesame…as;thesameas；such…as…;asmany/muchas；so…as等结构中。（as在定语从句中做成分）Ihavethesamebookasyou(have).Herattitudetohimwasquitethesameasithadalwaysbeen.比较：Iliveinthesamehousethatheusedtolivein.         I"mwearingthesameshirtasyouworeyesterday.24ByCuiXialing ②如为非限制性的，多单独引导一个定语从句，这种定语从句可置于句首、句中或句尾，译为“正如”。（动词常为know,see,expect,pointout,etc.）as具有正如之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的，如：asyouknow/asyousee/asweplanned/asweexpectedAsweallknow,smokingisharmfultoone"shealth.Smoking,asweallknow,isharmfultoone"health.Theearthisround._____isknowntoall.Theearthisround,_____isknowntoall._____isknowntoall,theearthisround______isknowntoallthattheearthisround.四．定语从句的特殊用法1.只能用that不能用which的情况2.只能用which不能用that的情况3.关系代词与关系副词的区别与联系4.非限制性定语从句和单句的比较★★★只能用that不能用which的情况（先行词或其修饰语特殊）★1.先行词为不定代词时：all,much,everything,anything,nothing,something,none,theone.★2.先行词被only,any,few,little,no,just,very,oneof等修饰时；★3.先行词是序数词时或被序数词修饰时；当先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,little,few,no,any等修饰时★4.先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰时；★5.先行词既有人又有物时；6.先行词是数次时；(two,ten,ahundred)7.如果有两个从句，其中一个关系代词已用which,另一个关系代词宜用that，以避免重复；8.疑问词是who或which，关系代词宜用that，以避免重复；9.主句是Therebe结构，修饰其主句的定语从句宜用that作关系代词；10.被修饰成分为表语时，或者关系代词本身是定语从句的表语时,该关系代词宜用that。(主语+be+n./adj.;主语+系动词+adj.)★★★逗号和介词后面不能用that练习1.Thewriterandhisnovel____youhavejusttalkedaboutisreallywellknown.2.Themostimportantthing____shouldbedonerightnowishowtostophimfromgoingon.3.Thelastplace____wevisitedwasthechemicalworks.4.There"snothing____canbesaidaboutit.24ByCuiXialing 5.Thisisthethirdfilm____hasbeenshowninourschoolthisterm.1.YesterdayIcaughttwofishandputtheminabasinofwater.Nowyoucanseethetwo____arestillalive.2.Whoistheman____isstandingatthegate?3.That"sagoodbook_____willhelpyoualot.4.Thereisstillaseatinthecorner____isstillfree.5.Edisonbuiltupafactorywhichproducedthings_____hadneverbeenseenbefore.1.Hedidall/everything_______hecouldtohelpme.2.Thisistheverything_______Iamafter.3.Wetalkedaboutthemenandthethings_______werememberedatschool.4.Heistheonlyman_______candothework.5.Thisisthefirstthing_______Iwanttosay.6.Heisthefinestman_______Ihaveeverworkedwith.7.Whoistheman_______spoketoyouatthegate.8.Whichisthestar_______isnearesttotheearth.9.Isthereanythingelse_______youwanttosay?10.Anyperson_______hasthemoneycanjointhegroup.★★★只能用which不能用that的情况：(介词后+非限)★1.介词后面只能用which；IsthistheroominwhichMr.Whitelives?★2.非限定性定语从句中。（注：which引导的非限制性定语从句可代指主句的整个情况）MoreandmorepeoplearebeginningtolearnEnglish,whichisbecomingverypopularinourcountry.Heisalwayslate,whichmadehisteacherangry.3.当关系代词后面带有插入语时；Here"stheEnglishgrammarwhich,asIhavetoldyou,willhelpimproveyourEnglish.4.先行词是those+复数名词.Ashopshouldkeepastockofthosegoodswhichsellbest.★★★只能用who不能用that的情况1.先行词为anyone,anybody,those,all,one,ones,they,he,people时；Anyonewhofailedtocometothemeetingyesterdaymustgivehisreason.Hewhoknowsnothingbutpretendstoknoweverythingisindeedagood-for–nothing.2.在非限定性定语从句中；24ByCuiXialing Hismother,wholoveshimverymuch,isstrictwithhim.3．在therebe开头的句子中。Hereisaboywhowantstoseeyou.★★★关系代词与关系副词的区别与联系★先行词在从句中做状语时，关系词才可以用关系副词when/where/why。否则用相应的关系代词.比较•Istillremembertheday_________________mybrotherjoinedthearmy.•Istillrememberthedays_____________wespenttogether.先行词是时间名词，但在定语从句中做宾语或主语时，先行词不能用when。比较•Thesmallmountainvillage________wespentourholidaylastmonthisnowveryfamous.•Thisisthepark_____________theyvisitedlastyear.先行词是地点名词，但在定语从句中做宾语或主语时，先行词不能用where。比较•Idon’tbelievethereasonthat/whichhegaveme.•Haveyouaskedhimthereasonthatmayexplainhissuccess?当关系词在从句中作主语或宾语时，不能用why引导。★★★非限制性定语从句和单句的比较•1.IamreadingHarryPorter,_____isaninterestingbook.（which/that）•2.Hefailedintheexam。_______madehisparentsangry.(This)•3.Hefailedintheexam,_______madehisparentsangry.(which)•4.Hehastwosons.Bothof________areteachers.(them)•5.Hehastwosons,bothof________areteachers.（whom）五．介词+关系代词引导的定语从句★★★注1.介宾紧挨，只能用which，whom.不能用that，who。2.介词选择看搭配。根据定语从句中的谓语，先行词以及他们直接的搭配来确定。3.当动词短语中的介词是固定搭配，不可拆，不提前。如Lookafter.learnfrom4.常见搭配不定代词/数词+ofwhich/whomThemantowho×/whomyouspokewasascientist.Theman（who/whom）youspoketowasascientist.Thecityinthat×/whichshelivesisfaraway.Thecity（that/which）shelivesinisfarawayIsthisthewatchthatyouarelookingfor?TheoldmanwhomIamlookingafterisbetter.24ByCuiXialing §1. Doyoulikethebookshespent$10?§2. Doyoulikethebookshepaid$10?§3. Doyoulikethebookshelearnedalot?§4. Doyoulikethebooksheoftentalks?（about）§5. Hebuiltatelescopehecouldstudytheskies.（through）§6.Thereisatalltreeoutside,standsourteacher.（under）§7. Chinahasalotofrivers,thesecondlongest_______istheYellowRiver.（of）§8.Thetower_______peoplecanhaveagoodviewisonthehill.（from）§9.Theman________Ispokeonthephonelastnightisverygoodatwrestling.（to）§10.Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingtenwindows,most______hadn’tbeencleanedforatleastayear.六．补充1.当先行词为way时，定语从句常用that,inwhich,或how引导，that常可以省略。Thisisthewaythat /inwhich Idosuchthings.Pleasedotheexperimentinthewaythat/whichIhaveshownyou.(做宾语)2.无论是关系代词，还是关系副词，都在定语从句中充当一定的成分，因此，先行词在定语从句中不复出现。【误】ThisisthebookthatIborrowedityesterday.【误】TheEnglishCorneristheplacewherepeopleoftengotheretopracticetheirspokenEnglish.3.关系词的省略在下列情况下，关系词在非正式文体中可以省略:1）关系代词that,which,who,whom在定语从句中做宾语时，常可省略。Arethesekeys(thatwhich)youwerelookingfor？Theman(who/that)Iwassittingnexttoontheplanetalkedallthetime.2）．以theway为先行词的限制性定语从句通常由inwhich或that引导，而且通常可以省略。Idon"tliketheway(that/inwhich)shewalks.Theway(that/inwhich)heansweredthequestionswassurprising.3．在thetimewhen,theplacewhere,thereasonwhy结构中，when,where,why可省略。Ishallneverforgettheday(when)wefirstmet.That"stheplace(where)hestayedwhenhewasinthecountry.24ByCuiXialing 定语从句专项训练1.We’llneverforgetthedays_____wespenttogetherlastyear.　A.whenB.thatC.howD.onwhich2.Thehighyellowbuildingoverthere,_____wassetuplastyear,isourofficebuilding.A.itB.thatC.whereD.which3.ItisthebestTVplay_____I’veseen.　A.thatB.whichC.sinceD.and4.Ioftenhearfrommysister,_____worksasanengineer.A.thatB.whoC.heD.whom5.LastmonthIvisitedthehouse_____Iusedtoliveinmytwenties.A.whichB.whoC.inthatD.where6.Theday_____Iwastostartarrivedatlast.　A.thatB.whichC.onwhichD.inthat7.Theoldwomanhastwosons,_____areteachers.　A.twoofwhomB.bothofwhom　C.allofthemD.neitherofthem8.Isthatthereason_____youdon’tagreewiththem?　A.whatB.whichC.whyD.that9.Air,_____webreatheeveryday,isnecessarytolife.　A./B.whichC.whatD.that10.I,_____yourfriend,willtrymybesttohelpyouout.　A.whoisB.thatisC.whoamD.whoare　　11.LiYingisoneofthegirls_____tocollegeinthevillage.　A.whogoesB.whogoC.whichwentD.thatgoes12.Heistheonlyoneoftheboysofhisclasswho_____thepianowell.A.playsB.playC.playingD.areplaying13.Those_____notonlyfrombooksbutalsothroughpracticewillsucceed.　A.learnB.whoC.thatlearnsD.wholearn14.Isthisthefactory_____youvisitedtheotherday?　A.inwhichB.whichC.whereD.theone15.HemustbefromAfrica,_____canbeseenfromhisskin.　A.thatB.asC.itD.what16.Heoftenspeakstheroleheplayedintheplay,_______madeothersupset.17.Heopenedthedoor,infrontof_______sataboy.18.Themanto_______Ispokeisafamousscientist.19.Theboy_______motherisdeadwasbroughtupbyhisfather.24ByCuiXialing 定语从句专项练习题与答案详解1.Nearlyallthestreetsareinstraightlines,________fromeasttowest.Those________runfromnorthtosoutharecalledavenues.A.running;thatB.run;who　　C.running;whoD.run;that2.Thisisthecase________he’shadallhismoneystolen.A.whenB.where　C.thatD.onwhich3.Mr.SmithwillpayavisittoBeijingthisautumn,________wewillenjoytheOlympicGamesin2008.A.whereB.whenC.whichD.how4.Theartistwillnotpaintpeopleoranimalsbuthewillpaintanything________.A.thatthelittlegirlaskshimB.thelittlegirlaskshimtoC.forthelittlegirltoaskhimD.whatthelittlegirlaskshim5.—Howdidyougetintouchwiththetravelagent,Robin?—Oh,that’seasy.IsurfedtheInternetandthencalledone________thetelephonenumberisprovided.A.whichB.inwhichC.ofwhichD.whose6.October15thismybirthday,________Iwillneverforget.A.whenB.thatC.whatD.which7.Thetreatmentwillcontinueuntilthepatientreachesthepoint________hecanwalkcorrectlyandsafely.A.whenB.whereC.whichD.whose8.ThereareseveralresearchcentersinChina________acertaindiseasecalledBirdFluisbeingstudied.A.whichB.whereC.whenD.what9.Ihopethatthelittle________Ihavebeenabletododoesgoodtothemall.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.when10.Thetimeisnotfaraway________moderncommunicationswillbecomewidespreadinChina’svastcountryside.A.asB.whenC.untilD.before11.________isknowntoeverybody,TaiwanisapartofChina.Wemustunifyit.A.ItB.AsC.WhichD.What12.Ishallneverforgettheday________ShenZhouVwaslaunched,________hasagreateffectonmylife.A.when,whichB.that,whichC.which,thatD.when,that13.Thebreadmywifemakesismuchbetterthan________youcanbuyatastore.A.thatwhichB.onethatC.thatofwhichD.thisofwhich14.Thereisnosuchplace________youdreamofinallthisworld.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.as15.Thepeople,________hadbeendamagedbytheflood,weregivenhelpbytheRedCross.24ByCuiXialing A.allwhosehomesB.allofwhosehomesC.alltheirhomesD.alloftheirhomes16.Thehumansaredestroyingnaturedaybyday,________ofcourse,willcauseseverepunishmentfromitsoonerorlater.A.whoB.whenC.onwhichD.which17.Isthisresearchcenter________youvisitedthemodernequipmentlastyear?A.whereB.thatC.theonethatD.theonewhere18.Somepicturesoftheriverbroughtthedaysbacktotheold________theyswaminit.A.whenB.thatC.whoD.where19.Themanshowedussoheavyastone________nomancanlift.A.thatB.asC.whichD.and20.Hestayedthereforquitealongtime,during________timehelearnedmuchspokenEnglish.A.thatB.thisC.whichD.same答案与解析：1.A.主语与run(延伸)是主动关系，所以用现在分词。Those指街道，所以不用who而用that来引导定语从句。2.B.因为在此题中where引导定语从句，表示“在这种种况下”，与inwhich相当。3.A.因为先行词是Beijing而不是thisautumn所以用where引导定语从句。4.B.答案B是省略了关系代词that的定语从句，另外，to后还省略了动词原形paint。5.C.因为ofwhich引导定语从句，并在从句中作定语。ofwhichthetelephonenumber=whosetelephonenumber。6.D.因为这是个非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面一句话的内容。7.B.因为表示“阶段、程度、地步”的thepoint在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用where引导定语从句。8.B.因为先行词是researchcenters并在定语从句中作状语，所以用where。9.C.因为当先行词是表示事物的all,little,few,much,anything,everything,nothing等时，多用that引导定语从句。10.因为先行词是thetime，且在定语从句中作状语，所以用when引导。此题的先行词与定语从句被主句谓语分开了，要善于辨别。11.B.先行词是TaiwanisapartofChina整个主句，一般由as或which引导定语从句，但which引导的定语从句只能放在主句之后，另外，as有“正如”之意，而which没有，所以用as。顺便说说，原句改为：ItisknowntoeverybodythatTaiwanis…=WhatisknowntoeverybodyisthatTaiwanis…12.A.两空都是考查定语从句，先行词分别是theday和ShenZhouVwaslaunched,theday在定语从句中作状语，用when引导；后句是非限制性定语从句，不能用that，要用which。13.A.因为替代不可数名词(thebread)只能用that，排除B和D；又因为先行词that(thebread)在定语从句中作buy的宾语，用which，所以选A。14.D.当定语从句的先行词前有such,so,as等词语时，由as引导，并且as在定语从句中作主语或宾语，as在此题中作dreamof的宾语。注意：在表示“如此…24ByCuiXialing 以致…”的such/so…that…结构中，that不作任何句子成份。15.B.考查非限制性定语从句，allofwhosehomes=alloftheirhomes他们所有的房子。16.D.因为先行词是前面整个句子，且在从句中作主语，所以用which。ofcourse是插入语。17.D.将疑问句改为陈述句：thisresearchcenteris…显然缺少先行词，必须加上代词theone来作先行词，又因定语从句不缺主语或宾语，所以用关系副词where。假若在this后加the，就选where，请想想这是为什么。18.A.因为先行词是thedays，并在定语从句中作状语。19.B.当先行词前有so时，用as引导定语从句，as在从句中作主语或宾语。假若在lift后加上it，答案就是that了，请想想这是为什么。20.C.因前后均的句子，必须要选连词，排除B和D；又因在介词后不能用that来引导定语从句，所以选C。duringwhichtime在那段时间里。高一定语从句练习1I、用适当的关系词填空：1、Thisistheprofessortaughtmechemistryin1980.2、Thehospitalwasbuiltfiveyearsagohasbeenmodernized.3、Thisistheboyfatherdiedthreeyearsago.4、Thefilmwesawthedaybeforeyesterdayisveryinteresting.5、Doyouknowthestudentwaspraisedatthemeeting?6、1949istheyearthePeople’sRepublicofChinawasfounded.7、Theyworkinafactorymakesradioparts.8、Theyworkinafactoryradiopartsaremade.9、Thisisthevisionphonethroughwecanseeandtalktoourfriends.10、HereareplayersfromJapan,someofareouroldfriends.11、Shelivesinasmallvillage,isonlythreemilesfromhere.12、SheisgoingtospendthesummerholidaysinShanghai,shehassomefriends.13、We’llputoffthemeetingtillnextweek,wewon’tbesobusy.14、Thesungivestheearthlightandheat,isveryimportanttothelivingthings.15、Thosewanttogotothecomputerroomwriteyournameshere.16、Hewasoftenlate,madehisteacherveryangry.17、Whoisthepersonisstandingatthegate?18、Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschoolshehadvisited.II．在下列定语从句中，填入适当的介词和关系代词。1.Thepencil________hewrotewasbroken.2.Hebuiltatelescope________hecouldstudytheskies.3.Thewoman,________Ilearnedthenews,isanurse.24ByCuiXialing 4.Thewolf________thesheepwaskilledwasshot.5.Shehasthreechildren,all_________areatschool.6.Thereisatalltreeoutside,________standsourteacher.7.Myglasses,________Iwaslikeablindman,felltothegroundandbroke.8.Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’taperson_________shecouldturnforhelp.9.Iwassurprisedattheway________hetreatedtheoldman.10.Theage_______childrencangotoschoolisseven.11.Hisbike________hewenttoworkwasstolenlastnight.12.Doyouknowthebuilding________isflyingaredflag?13.Oursisabeautifulschool,________weareproud.14.Thedesk________JackisleaningisJohn’s.15.Heboughtabookyesterday,theauthor________isateacher.Ⅲ、改正存在错误的句子：1、Hetoldusaboutthecountrieswherehehadvisited.2、Egyptisacountrywhereisfamousforitspyramids.3、Chinaisthecountrywherehespentthebestpartofhislife.4、Thedayswhenwespenttogethercannotbeeasilyforgotten.5、Thehousestandsattheplacethatthetworoadsmeet.6、Weshallvisitthecollegewherehisfatherteachesthere.7、Iknowthereasonthatshelookssoworried.8、Heleftmethebook,thatisveryusefulforme.9、Thisistheroomwhichfoodiskept.10、April15,1976isthedaywhenwe’llneverforget.11、ThemancameyesterdayisourEnglishteacher.12、ThestudentsareplayingfootballontheplaygroundareofClassTwo.13、ThisisallwhichIcandoforyou.14、Canyouthinkofanyonewho’shousewashere?15、ThewatchthatMotherboughtitformeworksverywell.16、Thisistheonlybookthatwereborrowedfromthelibrary.17、Thedaywhichshehadtoleavearrivedatlast.18、Thedoctorwhomtheywanttoseehavecome.19、Doyouknowtheyoungmanwhomhasbeenchosenchairman?20、Theparkstandsattheplacethatthetworiversmeet.21、Aplaneisamachinecanfly.22、Itisoneofthebestpictureswhichhavebeensold.23、Thosethatwanttogoputupyourhands.24、Thisistheknifewiththatthedoctordidtheoperation.25、Whoisthemanwhomyousaidhellojustnow?KeyI、1、who/that2、which/that3、whose4、which/that5、who/that6、when7、which/that8、where9、which10、whom11、which12、where13、when14、which15、who16、which24ByCuiXialing 17、that18、thatII．1.with2.through3.from4.by5.of6.under7.without8.to9.in10.at11.on12.on13.of14.against15.ofⅢ、1、where—that2、where—which3、√4、when—that/which5、that—where6、去掉there7、that—why8、that—which9、which—where10、when—which/that11、man后面加who12、students后面加who13、which—that14、who’s—whose15、去掉it16、were—was17、which—when18、have—has19、whom—who20、that—where21、machine后面加which/that22、which—that23、that—who24、that—which25、whom—that==============================1.Theplace_______interestedmemostwastheChildren"sPalace.A.WhichB.whereC.whatD.inwhich2.Doyouknowtheman_______?A.whomIspokeB.towhospokeC.IspoketoD.thatIspoke3.Thisisthehotel_______lastmonth.A.whichtheystayedB.atthattheystayedC.wheretheystayedatD.wheretheystayed4.Doyouknowtheyear______theChineseCommunistPartywasfounded?A.whichB.thatC.whenD.onwhich5.Thatistheday______I"llneverforget.A.whichB.onwhichC.inwhichD.when6.Thefactory______we"llvisitnextweekisnotfarfromhere.A.whereB.towhichC.whichD.inwhich7.Greatchangeshavetakenplacesincetheninthefactory_______weareworking.A.whereB.thatC.whichD.there8.Thisisoneofthebestfilms_______.A.thathavebeenshownthisyearB.thathaveshownC.thathasbeenshownthisyearD.thatyoutalked9.Canyoulendmethebook______theotherday?A.aboutwhichyoutalkedB.whichyoutalkedC.aboutthatyoutalkedD.thatyoutalked10.Thepen______heiswritingismine.A.withwhichB.inwhichC.onwhichD.bywhich11.Theyarrivedatafarmhouse,infrontof______satasmallboy.A.whomB.whoC.whichD.that12.Theengineer______myfatherworksisabout50yearsold.A.towhomB.onwhomC.withwhichD.withwhom13.Itthereanyoneinyourclass______familyisinthecountry?24ByCuiXialing A.whoB.who"sC.whichD.whose14.I"minterestedin______youhavesaid.A.allthatB.allwhatC.thatD.which15.Iwanttousethesamedictionary______wasusedyesterday.A.whichB.whoC.whatD.as16.Heisn"tsuchaman______heusedtobe.A.whoB.whomC.thatD.as17.HeisgoodatEnglish,______weallknow.A.thatB.asC.whomD.what18.LiMing,______totheconcertenjoyeditverymuch.A.IwentwithB.withwhomIwentC.withwhoIwentD.Iwentwithhim19.Idon"tlike______asyouread.A.thenovelsB.thesuchnovelsC.suchnovelsD.samenovels20.Hetalkedalotaboutthingsandpersons________theyrememberedintheschool.A.whichB.thatC.whomD.what21.Theletterisfrommysister,______isworkinginBeijing.A.whichB.thatC.whomD.who22.Inourfactorythereare2,000workers,twothirdsof____arewomen.A.themB.whichC.whomD.who23.You"retheonlyperson______I"veevermet______coulddoit.A.who;/B./;whomC.whom;/D./;who24.Ilostabook,______Ican"tremembernow.A.whosetitleB.itstitleC.thetitleofitD.thetitleofthat25.LastsummerwevisitedtheWestLake,______Hangzhouisfamousintheworld.A.forwhichB.forthatC.inwhichD.what26.Ihaveboughtsuchawatch_______wasadvertisedonTV.A.thatB.whichC.asD.it27.Icanneverforgettheday_______weworkedtogetherandtheday______wespenttogether.A.when;whichB.which;whenC.what;thatD.onwhich;when28.Theway______helooksatproblemsiswrong.A.whichB.whoseC.whatD./29.Thisisthereason______hedidn"tcometothemeeting.A.inwhichB.withwhichC.thatD.forwhich30.Thismachine,______formanyyears,isstillworkingperfectly.A.afterwhichIhavelookedB.whichIhavelookedafterC.thatIhavelookedafterD.Ihavelookedafter31.Thereason______hedidn"tcomewas______hewasill.A.why;thatB.that;whyC.forthat;thatD.forwhich;what32.Heisworkinghard,______willmakehimpassthefinalexam.A.thatB.whichC.forwhichD.who33.Thatisnottheway______Idoit.A./B.whichC.forwhichD.withwhich34.Ihavetwogrammars,______areofgreatuse.24ByCuiXialing A.allofwhichB.eitherofwhichC.bothofthatD.bothofwhich35.Iwanttousethesametools_______usedinyourfactoryafewdaysago.A.aswasB.whichwasC.aswereD.which36.Myneighboursusedtogivemeahandintimeoftrouble,_______wasverykindofthem.A.whoB.whichC.thatD.it37.Thisisthemagazine_______Icopiedtheparagraph.A.thatB.whichC.fromthatD.fromwhich38.Heisnotsuchaman_______wouldleavehisworkhalfdone.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.as39.Youcandependonwhateverpromise_______hemakes.A./B.whyC.whenD.whose40.Smoking,_______isabadhabit,is,however,popular.A.thatB.whichC.itD.though41.---Didyouasktheguard_______happened?---Yes,hetoldmeall_______heknew.A.what;thatB.what;whatC.which;whichD.that;that42.Ishallneverforgetthoseyears_______Ilivedonthefarmwiththefarmers,_______hasagreateffectonmylife.A.when;whoB.that;whichC.which;thatD.when;which43.Thenumberofthepeoplewho_______cars_______increasing.A.owns;areB.owns;isC.own;isD.own;are44.Duringthedays________,heworkedasaservantattheBrowns.A.followedB.followingC.tofollowD.thatfollowed45.Isoxygentheonlygas_______helpsfireburn?A.thatB./C.whichD.it46.Thecleverboymadeaholeinthewall,_______hecouldsee_____wasgoingoninsidehouse.A.which;whatB.throughwhich;whatC.throughthat;whatD.what;that47.Is_______someGermanfriendsvisitedlastweek?A.thisschoolB.thistheschoolC.thisschooloneD.thisschoolwhere48.Johngotbeateninthegame,_______hadbeenexpected.A.asB.thatC.whatD.who49.Ihaveboughttwoballpens,_______writeswell.A.noneofthemB.neitherofthemC.neitherofwhichD.noneofwhich50.Allthatcanbeeaten_______eatenup.A.arebeingB.hasbeenC.hadbeenD.havebeen参考答案及解析1.A.which用作关系代词，在定语从句中作主语。2．C."和谁讲话”要说speaktosb.本题全句应为DoyouknowthemanwhomIspoketo.。whom是关系代词，作介词to的宾语，可以省略。3.D.where是关系副词，表示地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。4.C.when是关系副词，表示时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。24ByCuiXialing 5．A.which是关系代词，在从句中作forget的宾语。其他几个答案都不能作宾语。6．C.解析同第5题。7.A.解析见第3题。8.A.本句话的先行词应该是films,因此，关系代词that是负数概念，其谓语动词应用复述的被动语态havebeenshown。如果句中的one前面使用了定冠词the，则theone应该视为先行词。9.A.“谈到某事物”应说talkaboutsth.。about是介词，其后要用which作宾语，不能用that。10.A.withwhich是"介词+关系代词"结构,常用来引导定语从句.with有"用"的意思,介词之后只能用which,不能用that.withwhich在定语从句中作状语,即heiswritingwithapen.11.C.infrontofwhich即infrontofafarmhouse.Infrontofwhich在从句中作状语.12.D.withwhom引导定语从句.withwhom放在从句中即为:myfatherworkswiththeengineer.13.D.whose引导定语从句,在从句中作主语family的定语.14.A.that引导定语从句,因为先行词是all,所以只能选用that引导.15.D.thesame……..as是固定用法,as引导定语从句时,可以作主语,宾语或表语.在本句话中,as作从句的主语.16.D.such………as是固定用法,as引导定语从句时,可以作主语,宾语或表语.在本题中,as作表语.17.B.as作关系代词可以单独用来引导非限制性定语从句。这时as所指代的不是主句中某个名词，而往往指代整个主句的含义。as在从句中可以作主语、宾语。从句可放在主句后，也可置于主句前。在本句中,as作宾语.18.B.LiMingenjoyeditverymuch是主句,withwhomIwenttotheconcert是定语从句.withwhom放在从句中为:IwenttotheconcertwithLiMing.19.C.as引导定语从句时通常构成such…as或thesame…as固定搭配，其中such和same修饰其后的名词，as为关系代词，指代其前的名词引导定语从句。as在从句中可以作主语、表语或宾语。Such修饰单数名词时,要用sucha……..,本题中suchbooks,such直接修饰复数名词.20.B.things和persons是先行词.当定语从句要修饰的先行词是既表示人,又表示物的名词时,其关系代词要用that.21.D.who引导非限制性定语从句,who作从句的主语.22.C.twothirdsofwhom即:twothirdsofthe2,000workers.23.D.先行词person后有两个定语从句,第一个从句省略了关系代词whom.因为,whom作从句中met的宾语,可以省略.第二个从句whocoulddoit.who在从句中作主语,不可省略.24.A.whosetitle引导非限制性定语从句,whosetitle也可以说成thetitleofwhich25.A.forwhich引导定语从句,使用介词for,是来自于从句中的固定短语befamousfor"以……..而闻名".26.C.当先行词被such修饰时,引导定语从句的关系代词要用as.As在本从句中作主语.27.A.两个先行词theday都是表示时间的名词,但第一个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作状语,因此要用关系副词when.第二个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作动词spent的宾语,因此要用关系代词which或that来引导定语从句.28.D.在way、distance、direction等词后的定语从句中，常用that来代替“in(或其他介词)+which”、when或where，而that常可省略。24ByCuiXialing 29.D.forwhich在定语从句中作原因状语,可用why来替代.30.B.whichIhavelookedafter构成一个非限制性定语从句.31.A.Thereasonwhy…wasthat….已成为一种固定句型，这一句中的why和that不能随意换位，也不能将that改成because，尽管that这个词在译文中可能有“因为”的含义。32.B.非限制性定语从句常用which引导,which表示前句话的整个含义.33.A.解释见28题.34.D.主句中的two表明不能选A.从句中的are表明不能选B.bothofwhich用来引导非限制性定语从句.35.C.as引导定语从句时通常构成such…as或thesame…as固定搭配，其中such和same修饰其后的名词，as为关系代词，指代其前的名词引导定语从句。as在从句中可以作主语、表语或宾语。本题中as作从句的主语.36.B.非限制性定语从句常用which引导,which表示前句话的整个含义.37.D.38.D.解析见35题.39.A.hemakes是定语从句,从句前省略了关系代词that.40.B.whichisabadhabit非限制性定语从句.41.A.whathappened是宾语从句.all之后thatheknew是定语从句.先行词是all,所以关系代词只能用that.42.D.years是表示时间的名词,用when引导定语从句,是因为when在从句中作时间状语.第二个空选用which,引导一个非限制性定语从句.43.C.本句话的定语从句是whoowncars.其先行词是people,因此,定语从句的谓语动词要用复数的own。本句话主句的主语是Thenumberof指“…..的数目”，是单数概念。因此，主句的谓语动词要用is。44.D.thatfollowed是定语从句，关系代词that在从句中作主语。45.A.先行词gas被only修饰，关系代词要用that，而不用which。46.B.throughwhich引导定语从句，throughwhich即throughthehole,在定语从句中作状语。What引导的是see的宾语从句，并作从句的主语。47.B.为便于理解，改写本句话：ThisistheschoolthatsomeGermanfriendsvisitedlastweek.不难看出，作表语的theschool是先行词。that引导了定语从句，因为that同时又作visited的宾语，所以被省略了。其它选项结构不对。48.A.解释见35题。49.C.因为是twoballpens,并且定语从句的谓语writes是单数概念。因此，C是正确选项。50.B.本句话中，主句的主语是all,为抽象概念。因此，其谓语应用单数的hasbeen。关系代词that引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语。=================1).InBeijing,JulyandAugustarethemonthswhenitrainsveryoften.(months指时间)2).Doyourememberthedaywhenwefirstmet?（theday指时间）3).Ihaven’tseenhersincetheyearwhenIleftParis.4).Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthatschool.Itisnolongeritwas20yearsago,itwassopoorlyequipped.(NEMT-2005安徽-25)24ByCuiXialing A.what,whenB.that,whichC.what,whichD.which,that1).DuringtheSpringFestivalIwentbacktothetownwhereIwasbroughtup.(town指地点)2).ThisistheplacewhereLiBaioncelived.(theplace指地点,在定语从句中作状语。)3).Thisistheplacethat/whichLiBaioncevisited.(theplace同样指地点，但在定语从句中作visited的宾语。)4).Ifashophaschairswomencanparktheirmen,womenwillspendmoretimeintheshop.(NEMT-2005上海-40)A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where1).Thewaterwhichhasbeenpollutedbythefactoryisnotfittodrink.2).Water,whichisaclearliquid,iswidelyusedinourdailylife.3).Theownerofthecinemaneededtomakealotofimprovementsandemploymorepeopletokeepitrunning,meansspendingtensofthousandsofpounds.(NEMT-2006江苏-29)A.whoB.thatC.asD.which逗号隔开，which代替之前整个句子，故选D。4).Ihavemanyfriends,somearebusinessmen.(NEMT-2005全国卷-24)A.ofthemB.fromwhichC.whoofD.ofwhom句子分解成someofthemarebusinessmen，逗号隔开，故选D。1).Therewasagirlupstairswhowasshoutingandcrying,obviouslymad.(先行词agirl与定语从句之间插入了upstairs)2).AnewteacherwillcometomorrowwhowillteachyouGerman.3).Thefactoryproduceshalfamillionshoeseveryyear,80%aresoldabroad.(NEMT-2004辽宁-35)A.ofwhichB.whichofC.ofthemD.ofthat先行词shoes与定语从句之间插入了everyyear，故选A。·专项练习1.AftervisitingChina,mostoftheforeignfriendssaidtheywouldneverforgetthetimetheyhadspentinChina．A．thatB．whatC．whenD．atwhich2.Aftertheearthquake,manynewbuildingswereputup_____thereweretrees.A.intheplacewhereB.inplaceinwhichC.theplacewhereD.what3.Heisagoodleaderwhoalwaysthinksmoreofthepublicthanofhimself,weshouldfollowtheexampleof.A．whichB．oneC．theoneD．whoever4.OnMay12th,manypartsofSichuanwerestruckbyanearthquake,from_______24ByCuiXialing effectsthepeoplearestillsuffering.A.thatB.whoseC.thoseD.what5.______,theweatherturnedouttobeveryhotthatday.A.ItwassaidinthenewspaperB.AswasreportedontheradioC.JustliketheweatherreportsaysD.Itsohappenedasyoutoldme6.Whensomeonehurtsusweshouldwriteitdowninsand________windsofforgivenesscanwipeitoff．A.whichB.thatC．whereD.while7._________isoftenthecasewithelderpeople,mygrandmatalkedaboutmynewhairstyleforatleast50minutesnonstop．A.ThatB.WhichC.AsD.It8.Somepre-schoolchildrengotoadaycarecenter,____theylearnsimplegamesandsongs.A.thenB.thereC.whileD.where9.TheScienceMuseum,________wevisitedduringarecenttriptoBritain,isoneofLondon’stouristattractions.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.where10.Thetown_______wevisitedlastmonthistheone_______thefamouspainterwasborn.A．where;whichB．which;whereC．which;thatD．where;where11.WewenttoMountainTailastweekend,________,notsurprisingly,wascrowdedwithvisitors.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when12.Wehopethatthemeasurestocontrolthestockmarket,____aretakenbythegovernment,willwork.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.what13.Manyfactorsinfluenceastudentinhis/herstudy,____Ithinkareoutofateacher’scontrol.A.mostofthemB.mostofwhichC.mostofwhatD.mostofthat14.He’sgothimselfintoadangeroussituation_________heislikelytolosecontrolovertheplane.A.whereB.whichC.whileD.why15.Youngpeoplewhohavegotjobsmayrealizeuniversitylessonscan’tbetheonlypreparationforallofthesituations________appearintheworkingworld.A.whereB.whenC.thatD.what16.Todaythepublicismuchconcernedabouttheway_______.A．natureisbeingruinedB．whichnatureisruinedC．onwhichtoruinnatureD．ofnaturetoberuined17.Wasitinthewaitingroom______onlyallowsmothers-to-betoenterthatyoulostyourwallet?A./B.whereC.thatD.when18._______hasbeenannounced,ourgovernmentwilltakemoremeasurestomake24ByCuiXialing thefallingeconomicsrecoverassoonaspossible.A.ThatB.AsC.ItD.What19.ThereweresomanyattractionsinDisneyPark.Afterlunchwecametoaplace,_______stoodabigtower.A.whichB.thatC./D.where20.Iwillneverforgettheday_______Icametomyuniversityandtheday______Ispentinanewcity.A.when;whichB.which;whenC.what;thatD.onwhich;when参考答案：1.A2.A3.C4.B5.B6.C7.C8.D9.A10.B11.B12.C13.B14.A15.C16.A17.C18.B19.D20.A将正确的关系代词或关系副词填入题目中的空白处。　　1.Thisistheman__________willgotothesouthwithustomorrow.　　2.Who’stheboy__________theteacheristalkingwith?　　3.Ilikethebook__________you’vesenttome.　　4.Theoldman__________wetalkedaboutcanspeakEnglishwell.　　5.Thisisthemostdifficultjob__________we’veeverdone.　　6.Thisisthecleverestman__________I’veeverknown.　　7.Iboughtall__________wasnecessary.　　8.Theoldlady__________youmetjustnowisafamouswriter.　　9.Thegirlto__________Ilentmybikeworksinahospital.　　10.All__________comearewelcome.　　11.Thisisthegirl__________songsyouheardlastnight.　　12.Shewasthebravewoman__________nameisknowntoeverybodyhere.　　13.Thankyouforthehelp__________you’vedoneforme.　　14.Thisradioset__________wehavehadfortwoyearsisagoodone.　　15.Thenextquestion__________IfounddifficulttoanswerwasputtomebyMary.　　16.All__________isneededismoretime.　　17.Finally,thethiefhandedovereverything__________hehadstolentothepolice.　　18.Thisisjusttheplace__________wevisitedlastyear.　　19.Thedoctor__________shesentherfriendisveryfamous.　　20.Thehouse__________roofwasdamagedhasnowbeenrepaired.　　21.Thesebooksareforstudents__________nativelanguageisnotEnglish.　　22.Thesecondbook__________IwanttoreadisTravelsinChina.　　23.Theonlylanguage__________iseasytolearnisthemothertongue.　　24.Aroom__________wedoexperimentsisalab.　　25.Thatwastheverybook__________Iwanted.　　26.Thisistheveryman__________Ihavebeenlookingfor.24ByCuiXialing 　　27.Mr.Leeistheprofessor__________weshouldlearn.　　28.Thisistheoffice__________ourteacherworks.　　29.Doyoulikeanyofthemusic__________you’velistened?　　30.Theman__________Iamsendingthisparcelismyuncle.二、将下列句子合并成带有定语从句的复合句　　31.Heistheyoungwriter.　　　　Hewrotethebook.32.Doyouknowthedoctor?Hecomeshereonceamonthandexaminestheworkers.33.TheforeignguestisMr.Green.　　　　Yousawhimattheschoolgate.34.Heisthenewhead.　　　　Iwastalkingabouthimthismorning.35.I’vereceivedthebook.　　　　Fathersentittome.36.Thefactoryhasgotonesuccessafteranother.　　　　Wevisitedthefactorylastweek.37.What’sthenameofthegirl?　　　　HergrandpatookpartintheLongMarch.38.Themanlooksliketheactor.　　　　I’veheardhissongsonTV.39.Thisletterisfrommyelderbrother.　　　　Heservesinthearmy.40.Doyouseethebridge?　　　　Itwasbuiltlastyear.41.Theoldmanisaprofessor.　　　　Heteacheschemistryinacollege.42.Wevisitedthesingeryesterday.　　　　Herperformanceswealllikeverymuch.43.Theoldworkerisstillworkinghardwithus.　　　　Hishairhasturnedgray.44.Thebikewasnotgood.　　　　Youwantedtobuyit.45.Themedicinedidn’thelpme.　　　　Dr.Changhadgivenit.46.Theexerciseiswrong.　　　　Wediditlastnight.47.Thewomanisherenow.　　　　Youweretalkingabouther.48.Thebuswasthewrongone.　　　　XiaoLiwasrunningafterit.49.Thewallethasbeenfound.　　　　Mr.Hopkinswaslookingforit.24ByCuiXialing 50.Therecorderhasbeenstolen.　　　　Wangspentallthemoneyonit.答案　　1.who/that　　　　　2.that　　　　　3.that/which　　4.whom/that　　5.that　　　　　　　6.that　　　　　7.that　　　　　8.whom/that　　9.whom　　　　　　　10.that　　　　　11.whose　　　　12.whose　　13.which/that　　　　14.which/that　　15.that　　　　　16.that　　17.that　　　　　　　18.that　　　　　19.towhom　　　20.whose　　21.whose　　　　　　22.that　　　　　23.that　　　　　24.inwhich/where　　25.that　　　　　　　26.that　　　　　27.fromwhom　　28.inwhich/where　　29.towhich　　　　　30.towhom　　31.Heistheyoungwriterwhowrotethebook.　　32.Doyouknowthedoctorwhocomeshereonceamonthandexaminestheworkers?　　33.TheforeignguestwhomyouseeattheschoolgateisMr.Green.　　34.HeisthenewheadwhomIwastalkingaboutthismorning.　　35.I’vereceivedthebookwhichfathersenttome.　　36.Thefactorywhichwevisitedlastweekhasgotonesuccessafteranother.　　37.WhatisthenameofthegirlwhosegrandpatookpartintheLongMarch?　　38.ThemanlooksliketheactorwhosesongsI’veheardonTV.　　39.Thisletterisfrommyelderbrotherwhoservesinthearmy.　　40.Doyouseethebridgewhichwasbuiltlastyear?　　41.Theoldmanwhoteacheschemistryinacollegeisaprofessor.　　42.Wevisitedthesingeryesterdaywhoseperformanceswealllikeverymuch.　　43.Theoldworkerwhosehairhasturnedgreyisstillworkinghardwithus.　　44.Thebikewhichyouwantedtobuywasnotgood.　　45.ThemedicinewhichDr.Changhadgivendidn’thelpme.　　46.Theexercisewhichwedidlastnightiswrong.　　47.Thewomanwhomyouweretalkingaboutisherenow.　　48.ThebuswhichXiaoLiwasrunningafteristhewrongone.　　49.ThewalletwhichMr.Hopkinswaslookingafterhasbeenfound.　　50.Therecorderonwhichwespentallourmoneyhasbeenstolen.　　Ⅰ.填空：选择正确的关系代词填入题目中的空白处。　　1.Thisisthecomrade__________willgotothesouthwithustomorrow.　　2.Who’sthestudent__________theteacheristalkingwith?　　3.Ilikethepresent__________you’vesenttome.　　4.Thenurse__________wetalkedaboutcanspeakEnglishwell.　　5.Thisisthemostdifficultjob__________we’veeverdone.　　6.Thisisthecleverestman__________I’veeverknown.　　7.Iboughtall__________wasnecessary.　　8.Theoldgentleman__________youmetjustnowisafamouswriter.　　9.Thegirlto__________Ilentmybikeworksinahospital.24ByCuiXialing 　　10.All__________comearewelcome.　　11.Thisisthegirl__________songsyouheardlastnight.　　12.Shewasthebravegirl__________nameisknowntoeverybodyhere.　　13.Thankyouforthehelp__________you’vedoneforme.　　14.Thisradioset__________wehavehadfortwoyearsisagoodone.　　15.Thenextquestion__________IfounddifficulttoanswerwasputtomebyMary.答案：：1.who/that2.that　3.that/which4.whom(who)/that　　5.that　　6.that　7.that　　　　8.whom(who)/that　　9.whom　　10.that　11.whose　　　12.whose　　13.which/that　　　14.which/that　　15.that24ByCuiXialing