英语语法大全之谓语的47种类型7 10页

济南沃尔得国际英语C．双宾动词＋间接宾语＋各种直接宾语19．S＋DV＋（to）N＋N（Johngavemeadog=Johngaveadogtome．）约有90个双宾动词可有两个名词或代词作间接宾语及直接宾语。如果直接宾语紧跟在这些动词后面，间接宾语可变成由to引起的短语，这些动词则成了及物动词：Helentmehisknife．=Helenthisknifetome．Helefthertenthousanddollars．=Helefttenthousanddollarstoher．更多例句：a．HegaveJohnacigarette（oranEnglishlesson），offeredmetea（oraposition，abribe），handedhisbrotherthesalt（ortheletter），deliveredthemthegoods（oraletter，themessage），passedmethebutter，broughtmemybook（oracupoftea），took（orcarried）meanumbrella，leftmesomecakes（orafreechoice），returnedmethebook（oranangrylook），threwmeamagazine（oraword），tossed（orcast，flung）thebeggarapenny．b．Heprovided（orfurnished，supplied）us（with）foodandeverythingnecessary，presentedme（with）agooddictionary．（用with时较不用时为多）Itaffordedmeanopportunity（orgreatpleasure，satisfaction）．Herenderedhisbossaservice（orassistance，theaccount），tenderedmehisresignation（orhisservices），administeredmeablow，caused（oroccasioned）mesomuchpain（oranxiety，heavyloss，inconvenience，sometrouble），dealtmeascolding．c．Hegrantedmeanaudience（oracredit，aholiday，are-quest），metedusoutrewardandpunishment，allowedthemmoretime（oraholiday，tendollars），awardedmetheprize（orfullmarks），accordedhertheprivilege（orawarmwelcome，duepraise）．Herefusedmeadmittance（ortherequest，thisfavour，theloanofabook），deniedmenothing（orjustice，allcomfort，help），（be）grudgedmemysalary（ormyhonour），barrednofriendshishouse．d．Heassignedmeaduty（orasmallroom），allottedmeagarden（orafewexercises），prescribedmeamilkdiet（oraduty），apportionedusdifferentduties，issuedmeapermit（oradrivinglicense）．Thehardwarestoreshippedmeabigmachine（orsomeutensils）．1www.jnworld.cn 济南沃尔得国际英语Heforwarded（orsent，dispatched，posted，mailed）heraparcel．Theypaidmethesalary（orthetaxifare，thetuition，theprice），reimbursedmethecosts，advancedmeamonth"ssalary（or1000dollars），remittedmeathousanddollars，lentmesomemoney，owedmeadebt（orthanks，obligations），soldrichcustomersgooddiamondsandsoldotherspoorgoods，chargedmenotuition（oradollar），loanedmetheircar，rentedmeahouse．e．Heplayedmeatune（orapiece），sangmeaJapanesesong（=singaJapanesesongtomeorforme），extendedusawarmwelcome，stoodmechampagne，servedmeagooddinner，fedhisdogbeef．Hewishesmegoodluck（orgoodevening，everyjoy，asafejourney，thecomplimentsoftheseason，agoodnight），bademeawelcome（oradieu，goodmorning），wavedmeadieu（oragreeting），noddedmeawelcome（orapproval），bowedmehisheartiestthanks，paidthemavisit（orhisrespects）．f．Hewrotemeletters（orafewlines），answeredmenothing（ornotaword，aquestion），scrawledmeanote，readmetheletter（orapoem，alesson），toldmeastory（oreverything），foretoldmemyfuture，showedmehiscare（ormuchkindness），pointedmeoutmymistake，whisperedmeapieceofnews，telegraphed（orwired，faxed，cabled）mefulldetailsoftheresult，telephoned（orphoned）methedetails（orthecurrentprice），transmittedmeamessage，taughtmeChinese（ormusic，alesson，singing，obedience），preachedusaverygoodsermon，pledgedmehisfriendship，putmeaquestion，quotedmeaninstance．g．Hebequeathed（orwilled）hischildrenalargefortune（orallhisproperty），leftmealargefortune．Theyyieldedtheenemytheirposition，cededhimtheland，concededhimtheprivileges（orthefavoursheasked）．Theyguaranteedmesatisfaction（orregularemployment，punctualarrival），insured（orassured）mesuccess（successtomeorforme），promisedmeassistance．Herecommendedmeagoodbook（oragoodservant）．2www.jnworld.cn 济南沃尔得国际英语Theydidhimharm（orhonour，good，justice，wrong，credit，afavour，agoodturn，aninjustice，aninjury，akindness，aservice），causedusalotofmischief．Theymadehimavisit（oranoffer，apromise，noreply，someanswers）．直接宾语亦称作事物宾语（Thing-Object），而间接宾语亦称作表人宾语（Person-Object）。不过间接宾语间或也指事物：Henevergivesthematterasecondthought，doesnotgivetheplanatrial，wisheditahappyending，allowedhisimaginationafullplay．直接宾语可以是代词：Don"ttellherthat．Hetoldhisbrotherthat．Whoaskedyouthis？Whogaveit（to）you？Wegaveit（to）him．Iwillpayit（to）youall．尽管上面句中的间接宾语可以变作to引起的短语，但这种短语少用为宜，但在下面这类句子中，却用以to引起的短语较好：Toyou，Igivethis．（间接宾语为了强调而提前）TothePresident，Iwritethisletter．Towhomdoyougiveit？（和一个疑问代词连用）Whodoyougiveitto？Whichboydoyousingto，Mary？Themantowhomyoutoldthestoryismyuncle．（和关系代词连用）Ihavegiventohim．（直接宾语省略）Iwillwritetohim．PleasedelivertoJohn．IhavegiventhebooktoMary，thebeststudentinclass．（间接宾语比直接宾语更长更重要）IonlyteachEnglishtostudentswhoaretrulyanxioustolearn．3www.jnworld.cn 济南沃尔得国际英语Theletter，Ihavesenttohim．（直接宾语放在句首）Allthesevaluablethings，hegavetome．Somedictionarieshavebeengiventothelibrary．（直接宾语是被动动词的主语）Aletterwillbesenttohim．20．S+DV+（for）N+N（Johnboughtmeadog=Johnboughtadogforme．）约有35个双宾动词用两个名词或代词作间接宾语及直接宾语。这种动词可变成及物动词，这时间接宾语应改作由for引起的宾语：Heorderedmeabook．=Heorderedabookforme．Shemademeadress．=Shemadeadressforme．更多例句：a．Hebuilthimselfahut．Theshoemakerturnsmeout100pairsofshoes．HunanProvinceyieldChinaalotofrice．Shewovemeagarland．ThecarpentermadeUncleabeautifuldesk．Shecookedmeeggs．Sheboiledmesomewater．Fixmeadrink．Pleasespreadmesomebreadwithbutter．Iwillcutyouasliceofbread．4www.jnworld.cn 济南沃尔得国际英语Pourmeoutsometea（orcoffee）．Pleasefillmesomewine．b．Pleasepullmeachairtothetable．Pleasefetchmeadictionary（oradoctor）．Hereachedmeapencil．I"llputyouachairoverthere．Hegatheredmesomestamps．Hechosehiswifeanicedress．Pickmeoutadozenoranges．Canyoumatchmethiscloth？c．Canyoufind（orget，secure，obtain）meajob？Theyreservedusahotelroom，calledusataxi，boughtusalunch．Thebookwonhimagoodname，earnedhimalotofmoney，butcreatedhimmanyenemies．Thisincidentacquired（orgained）himwealth．I"vegotmemoneyenough，willbuymesomeliquor．（口语体）Youhavesavehimsomuchtrouble（ortime，money）．Canyousparemeafewminutes（oronedollar）？Couldyouchangemethisfive-poundnote（orten-dollarbill）？Canyoucashmethisbill？上面句子中的间接宾语可以变作由for引起的短语，在1424节中所说情况下，必须改成这种短语：Foryoualone，Icookthisfish．5www.jnworld.cn 济南沃尔得国际英语Formyfamily，Imustsavesomemoney．Forwhomdoyoubuildsobigahouse？Who（m）doyouchoosethisclothfor？Thepersonforwhomyoumadeadresswasmyniece．Iwillcookforyou．Pleasecall（ataxi）forme．ShepouredoutcoffeeforJohn，themanshelovedmost．IwillgetajobforJohn，whohasbeenjoblessformanymonths．Thistroubleyoucansaveformeandmanyothers．Agoodnamewillthisgoodworkgainforhim，butnotwealth．Threetaxiswerecalledforus．Amagnificentpalacewasbuiltforthekingandqueen．21．S+DV+N+N（Johnenviedmemydog．）约有70个双宾动词虽然可以变作及物动词，却不在表人的宾语前用介词to或for。这时有几种情况：a．有些动词后，表人宾语前用另一介词；b．有些动词后，事物宾语前有一介词；c-f．其他动词很少变作及物动词：a．Theyplayed（orserved）Johnatrick（orabadturn），bestowedhimhonour（oratitle，praise），enjoined（orimposed）meobedience（oraduty），（=TheyplayedatrickonJohn，servedatrickonhim，bestowedhonouronhim，…）Sheflunghimawink，flashedmeaglance，shotJohnanangrylook，castmeaglance，dealt（orhit）himablow．（=Sheflungawinkathim，flashedaglanceatme，…）Theyboreusmalice（orillwill，hatred），wageduswar．（=Theyboremaliceagainstus，wagedwaragainstus，…）6www.jnworld.cn 济南沃尔得国际英语Heboremegreataffection（orgoodwill）．（=Heboregreataffectionforme，…）Heaskedmesomequestions（orthetime，myname，myaddress，theway，thefare，theprice，thereason，thecause）．（=Heaskedsomequestionsofme，…）Heaskedyouafavour（orpermission，akindness）．（=Heaskedafavourfromyou，…）b．HeenviedJohnhisnewcar（orhisprettywife），forgaveusoursins（orourdebt，ournegligence，ourmisconduct），pardonedmethequestion（ormyoffence），excusedmemyasking，tookmeoutawalk（oranairing，adrive）．（=HeenviedJohnforhisnewcar，forgaveusforoursins，…）Hebanishedmetherealm，dismissedmetheclub（ortheservice），expelledmetheschool．（=Hebanishedmefromtherealm，dismissedmefromtheclub，…）c．Hefinedmetendollars，wagered（orbet）metendollars（thatJohnwouldwin），bidmehalftheprice，quotedyouthebestprice（oraproverb），tippedmeonedollar（orthewink）．Itcostshimtwelvedollars（ormuchtrouble，hislife），takesmesixdays（orallmylife）todothat，willlastmethreeyears．Thebusinesslostmeallmycapital，profitedmealotofmoney，nettedhimathousanddollarsdaily．d．Istruckhimaheavyblow，fetchedhimaslap（oraboxontheear）caughtthatmantwokicksinthestomach，hithisfacearap，hithimahardblow．（所有斜体动词都是gave的意思）Shekissedhimgoodnight（orgood-bye，awelcome，aheartykiss），swepthimalook（orabow，acurtsy），blewhimakiss．Sheborehimwitness（orcompany），kepthimcompany，hasbornehimthreechildren．Theymademeapresent（orsomeallowance，arequest，anapology）．e．Itbodes（orportends）usnogood（orevil）．Heprophesiedmesuccess．7www.jnworld.cn 济南沃尔得国际英语Hesetusatask（ortheexaminationpaper，agoodexample）．（Cf．Hesetataskforus．）Thedoctororderedmeacompleterest（oraspecialdiet，silence）．Heforbadehischildrentobacco（ortheuseofliquorordrugs）．Hedeignedmenoreply．f．Shedroppedmeafewlines（oranote，apostcard，acurtsy）．Iencloseyoualistofnewproducts．Heledmea（pretty）dance（oradog"slife）．Hecalledmenames．Heletmeblood．Hemeans（orintends）younoharm．22．S+DV+N+W-CLorW-I（JohnshowedmewhatIshoulddoorwhattodo．）约有10个动词用名词或代词作间接宾语，却用一个由疑问词引起的从句或不定式作直接宾语：Englishgrammarshowsushowweshouldmakesentences（=howtomakesentences）．Pleasetellmewhichbookweshouldchoose（=whichbooktochoose）．CanyouadvisemewhatImustdo（=whattodo）？Heaskedmewherehecouldgettheentranceticket（=wheretogettheentranceticket）．HeremindedmewhenImustgo（=whentogo）．HenotifiedmewhenJohnstartedforLondon．Pleaseinformthatmanwhetherhiswifehasbeenhere．8www.jnworld.cn 济南沃尔得国际英语Youmustteachyourchildrenwhentoact，whattosayandwheretostop．Sheaskedmewherecouldshebuyflowers？（注意主语前的助动词及句末的问号）IaskhimwhatmustIstudyinthiscountry？在这类句子中不要使用上节所提动词以外的动词，如：Icriticizedhimhowhewaswrong．（错句）Iknowhimwhenhewillsucceed．（错句）Hescoldedhisservantwhyhewassolazy．（错句）23．S+DV+N+that·CL（JohnconvincedmethatIwaswrong．）约有30个双宾动词可用名词或代词作间接宾语，而用that引起的从句作直接宾语。That这个字有时可省略。整个从句在重复时可以用so代替：a．ItoldJohn（that）hewasmistaken．Everybodyhadtoldhimso．Theyinformed（ornotified，apprised，advised，wrote，wired，telegraphed，phoned）mybrotherthattheshiparrivedonFebruary2．Ihadinformedhimso．HewhisperedmethatJohnhadbeenarrested．IremindhimthatthemeetingisonFriday（orthatheshouldsendtheletter）．Heassuresmethateverythingisallright（orthatIshallbeahappyman）．Nobodyelsehasassuredmeso．Hecan"twarrantmethatitisgenuine．I"llwarrantyouthatyoushallbepaid．b．Heconvinced（orpersuaded，satisfied）herthathewouldloveheralways（orthattheycouldbehappy）．9www.jnworld.cn 济南沃尔得国际英语Thisaccidenttaughtusthatwewerenotcarefulenough（orthatdrivingcouldbeverydangerous）．Ientreatedhimthathemuststopsmoking．Ibeseechhimthathewillhelpmyfamily．Theyadmonishedhimthatheshouldnotdrinkliquor．Theyorderedtheirmenthattheyshouldfire．HepromisedmethatIshouldhaveagoldwatch．Theywarnedhimthattheplacewasdangerous．Theythreatenedmethattheywouldkillallmypeople．c．Hepromisedmethathewouldcome．WethankedGood（orourstars，Heaven）thatourtrialwasended．ThankHeavenIambetter．Ithankyouthatyouhavedonethisforme．IflatteredmyselfthatIwasnottodosuchasillything．Ibet（orwager）himfivedollarsthatitwillraintoday．（Bet后跟两个直接宾语，这是英语中一个不寻常的现象。）上面提到的双宾动词有些可变作及物动词，这时可以用of引起的短语修饰：Theytoldhimofmysickness，informed（ornotified，apprised）himofyourvisit，remindedmeofmypromise，assuredmeofhishonesty，convinced（orpersuaded，satisfied）meofhisinnocence，admonishedmeofthedanger（ormyfault，myduty），warnedhimofthedanger．在这类句子中不要使用上面所提动词以外的动词，如：Icriticizedhimthathewaswrong．（错句）Isupposedhimthathekneweverything．（错句）IknowJohnthathewillarrivelate．（错句）10www.jnworld.cn