历年同等学力申硕英语语法要点与词汇练习精华 7页

http://www.tdxl.cn/同等学力考生已经进入了复习的时间。90%的考生是卡在英语上。我们的专家认为，英语通过难是因为现在在职硕士英语教学、培训、在职人员工作忙、考试等各个方面的不规范。同时许多学员面临着英语及综合学科的考试，这无疑使申请硕士学位之路更为艰辛了。历年来，新阳光教育致力于专业的同等学力考前辅导，为广大考生整理英语语法和词汇练习精华！1.Of前面需要加名词，固定搭配除外，Of后面必须加名词2.By后面必须要加名词或者动名词3.What/Which的区别在哪里4.Which/that/where/when后面到底是完整句子还是不完整句子5.形容词+形容词+名词或者副词+形容词+名词的前面的形容词或者副词的修饰对象是谁6.主语和谓语的一致7.主语，XXXXXXXX,代词+谓语的句型中，代词一定会出现错误8.代词下面划线一定会出现一道题目9.makeitpossibleormakepossible10.副词修饰名词11.到装词汇出来后面想到装12.平行结构，找平行词汇13.比较结构中的一些问题，指代（that,theone），倒装14.单复数，名词划线考虑与前面的冠词或者many,much是否一致15.介词混用，划线介词需要考虑什么，动词后面的介词是什么？按照课上的笔记进行16.状语从句中省略17.缺成分18.非谓语结构，与主语的逻辑关系19.动词时态和语态20.动词是否及物21.名词和形容词位置颠倒22.主句专一和谓语动词专一结构23.可以连接双宾语的动词的用法 http://www.tdxl.cn/24.冠词的缺失25.名词修饰名词可不可以26．连词，介词，副词的混用27.as的用法28.So/Such的用法29.Eitheror/neithernor的用法30.名词中职业人士和所从事的职业的混用31.动词后面加todo,doing32.形容词的原级，比较级和最高级的混用33.倍数表达法34.动词后面接不定式哪些不加to35.Itis强调句型的用法1.Inthisfactory,suggestionsoftenhavetowaitformonthsbeforetheyarefully_____.A.admittedB.acknowledgedC.absorbedD.considered[答案]D.considered[注释]considered考虑;admit承认;absorb吸收。[注意]acknowledge1)(=agreeoradmitthetruthof;confess)承认,供认;A.Heacknowledgedhismistake.(他承认了他的错误。)B.接动名词Heacknowledgedhavingbeenbeaten.(他承认被打败了。)2)(expressthanksfor)致谢;A.Maryacknowledgedthegiftwithapleasantletter.(玛丽致函感谢馈赠的礼物。)B.Hislongservicewiththecompanywasacknowledgedwithapresent.(向他赠送礼品以感谢他长期来对公司的服务。)2.Theboyslippedoutoftheroomandheadedfortheswimmingpoolwithouthisparents"_____.A.commandB.convictionC.consentD.compromise[答案]C.consent[注释]consent同意,赞成,答应。conviction深信,确信。compromise妥协,折中。command命令,指令;掌握,运用能力。3.Ourresearchhasfocusedonadrugwhichisso_____astobeabletochangebrainchemistry.A.powerfulB.influentialC.monstrousD.vigorous[答案]A.powerful[注释]powerful(=havingorproducinggreatpower)强有力的。在这里四个形容词中,只有powerful(有效力的)可与表示药物的名词搭配。influential有影响的,有势力的,monstrous异常大的,vigorous精力旺盛的,强健有力的。4.ThelostcaroftheLeeswasfound_____inthewoodsoffthehighway.A.vanishedB.abandonedC.scatteredD.rejected http://www.tdxl.cn/[答案]B.abandoned[注释]abandoned(=giveupcompletely)放弃,抛弃;1)Thescientistabandonedhisresearchforlackoffund.2)Thesailorsabandonedtheburningship.[注意]abandon暗指某人对其所抛弃的人或物将会发生什么事情不感兴趣,如把撞坏的汽车抛弃在路旁。vanish(=suddenlydisappear;gooutofexistence)vi.消失,绝迹;1)Theairplanevanishedintotheclouds.2)Manykindsofanimalshavevanishedformtheearth.(许多种类的动物已在地球上绝迹。)scatter(=send,goindifferentdirection)驱使,使分散;Thepolicescatteredthecrowed.(警察驱散人群。)(=throworputinvariousdirections)撒,到处放;Hescatteredhisclothesallovertheroom.reject(=refusetoaccept)拒绝接受;Sherejectedmysuggestion.5.Henry"snewsreportcoveringtheconferencewasso_____thatnothinghadbeenomitted.A.understandingB.comprehensibleC.comprehensiveD.understandable[答案]C.comprehensive.[注释]comprehensive完全的无所不包的；comprehensible能懂的,可以理解的；understandable可以理解的,主要用来指人的行为。understanding用来指人时,表示"善于理解别人或别人问题的(人)。"注意下面的搭配：acomprehensivemap(街区详图)；acomprehensibleremark(听得懂的话),anunderstandablemistake(可以理解的错误)；anunderstandingfriend(一位能理解人的朋友)。6.Shewasafraidthatunlessthetrainspeededupshewouldloseher_____toScotland.A.ticketB.placeC.seatD.connection[答案]D.connection[注释]loseone"sconnectionto误了到......地方去的(汽车、火车、轮船的)联运;ThetrainwaslateandImissedmyconnection.7.Theshipwas_____inastormoffJamaica.A.drownedB.sunkC.wreckedD.submitted[答案]C.wrecked[注释]wreckvt.撞坏,毁坏;1)Mysonwreckedmycar.2)Mycarwascompletelywreckedintheaccident.sinkvt.下沉,沉没,该动词也可作及物动词用,意为“使下沉”,但按本题句意看,用被动语态不妥。drown溺死,淹死：(vt.)Hedrownedhiswife.(vi)Hedrownedintheriver.(他在河里淹死了。)submit1)(=putoneselfunderthecontrolofanother)提交,呈送(to)：Shouldawifesubmitherselftoherhusband?(妻子应顺从他丈夫吗？)2)(=putforwardforoption,discussion,decisionect.)提出(供评论、讨论决定等)Youmustsubmityourrequesttothecommittee.3)(=surrender(to),givein)屈服,投降：Afterbeingdefeated,theysubmittedtotheenemy.(打败后,他们向敌人投降了。)8.Noonehas_____beenabletotracetheauthorofthepoem.A.stillB.yetC.alreadyD.just[答案]B.yet[注释]yet常用于现在完成时的否定句中,意为“尚,还”。9.Morethanone-thirdoftheChineseintheUnitedStatesliveinCalifornia,_____inSanFrancisco.A.previouslyB.predominantlyCpracticallyD.permanently[答案]B.predominantly.[注释]predominantly(=mostly;mainly)主要地。previously(=comingearlierintimeororder)先前,早先;Thisisbetterthananysolutionpreviously.(这个办法比 http://www.tdxl.cn/以前提出的任何解决办法都好。)practically(=really;inapracticalway)实际上。permanently(=goingonforalongtime)永久地。本题译文：在美国,华人中有三分之一居住在加利福尼亚洲,其中主要是在旧金山。10.Thenewsecretaryhaswrittenaremarkably_____reportonlyinafewpagesbutwithallthedetails.A.conciseB.clearC.preciseD.elaborate[答案]A.concise.[注释]concise(=brief;givingmuchinformationinfewwords)简明扼要的：Hegaveaconcisereportofthemeeting.(他对会议作了简明扼要的报道。)clear清楚的。precise(=exact;correctlystated;freeformerror)精确的,明白无误的;Pleasetellmetheprecisemeasurements.(请告诉我精确的尺寸。)elaborate(=workedoutwithmuchcare;carefullyprepared)精心制作的,丰盛的：Peterworkedoutanelaborateschemeforraisingthemoney.(彼得制定了一项详尽得计划来筹集着笔款项。)孤立地看,似乎4个形容词均能修饰report,但从句子的逻辑关系看,后半句中有onlyinafewpagesbutwithallthedetails,故concise是最贴切的选择了。11.Themanagingdirectortookthe_____fortheaccident,althoughitwasnotreallyhisfault.A.guiltB.chargeC.blameD.accusation[答案]C.blame.[注释]taketheblamefor对......承担责任。Takechargeof负责管理(照顾)。[注意]charge前无冠词the.12.Theworkeragreedto_____thestrikeifthecompanywouldsatisfytheirdemands.A.callforB.callforthC.calloffD.callup[答案]C.calloff[注释]详见III,25,26注释。13.Icouldjustseeacarinthedistance,butIcouldn"t_____whatcoloritwas.A.lookoutB.makeoutC.getacrossD.takeafter[答案]B.makeout[注释]详见III,123注释。14.Hehasimpressedhisemployersconsiderablyand_____heissoontobepromoted.A.eventuallyB.yetC.finallyD.accordingly[答案]D.accordingly.[注释]accordingly(=forthatreason,therefore)因此,所以。15.Itwasagreat_____forhimtobepleasanttopeoplehedidn"tlike.A.attemptB.troubleC.powerD.effort[答案]D.effort.[注释]effort(作可数名词用)(=vigorousattempt)努力的尝试：Doesitrequireagreateffortofwilltogiveupsmoking?(戒烟需要坚强的毅力吗？)16.Thefiremenmanagedto_____thefireintime.A.extinguishB.preventC.suppressD.ruin[答案]A.extinguish.[注释]extinguish(=putout)vt.扑灭(火焰等)。Stopthefire虽然也可以搭配,但按本句题意用extinguish为最佳。17.WhatismostobviousinthisbookareallthosedetailsofdailylivingwhichmakeMrs.Richard_____common. http://www.tdxl.cn/A.nothingbutB.anythingbutC.aboveallD.ratherthan[答案]B.anythingbut.[注释]anythingbut(=farfrombeing)根本不;Theboysknewtheybadbrokentherules,andtheywereanythingbuthappywhentheywerecalledtotheoffice.(=Theywereunhappyandafraid.)nothingbut只不过;Don"thavehimforafriend;he"snothingbutacriminal.(不要把他当朋友,他只不过是个罪犯。)Ihavenothingbuttwodollars.(我只有2美元。)aboveall最重要的。ratherthan而不是.18.Thecarwascompletely_____andthedriverseriouslyinjured.A.brokenoffB.takenoffC.writtenoffD.pickedup[答案]C.writtenoff.[注释]writeoff报废,参看III,200.注释;breakoff参看III.13.注释;takeoff参看III.170.注释;pickup参看III.130,129.注释。19.Onthishappyoccasion,I"dliketosaythatweare_____muchobligedtoyouforyourkindcooperation.A.evensoB.eversoC.asyetD.sofar[答案]B.everso.[注释]everso(=very)非常;It"seversocold.与名词搭配时则用eversuch,如：She"seversuchanicegirl.(她是一位非常好的姑娘。)evenso(=althoughthatistrue,nevertheless;still)即使如此：Thefirewasout,butevenso,thesmellofsmokewasstrong.(=Thefirewasout,butthesmellwasstillthere.)20.Hisnewappointmenttakes_____fromthebeginningofnextmonth.A.placeB.effectC.postD.office[答案]B.effect.[注释]takeeffect生效。21.Thepolicemanstoppedhimwhenhewasdrivinghomeand_____himofspeeding.A.chargedB.accusedC.blamedD.deprived[答案]B.accused.[注释]accusesb.of...控告某人犯有......,warnsb.of警告、告戒某人有......deprivesb.ofsth.剥夺某人某事。chargesb.withmurder(指控某人犯有杀人罪)。22.Mr.Smithgradually_____aknowledgeofthesubject.A.attainedB.achievedC.requiredD.acquired[答案]D.acquired.[注释]acquired(=gainforoneselfbyskillorability,byone"sowneffortsorbehavior)(由技术、能力、努力或行为)获得;得到：HehasacquiredagoodcommandofEnglishlanguage.(他已精通英语。)achieve,vt.取得(胜利、成功等),实现(目标、目的等)。attain,vt.达到(目的等),取得(成就等)：1)Ihopeyouwillattainyourobject.(我希望你会达到你的目的。)2)Heattainedsuccessthroughhardwork.23.Thisisthe_____pianoonwhichthecomposercreatedsomeofhisgreatestworks.A.actualB.genuineC.realD.original[答案]A.actual[注释]本题中actual(=existinginfact,notimaginary)实际使用过的。 http://www.tdxl.cn/actual,read,genuine是同义词,有时可以互换,如：anactual(orreal)eventinhistory,(历史上的真实事件),real(orgenuine)banknotes(真钞票),其反义词是false(假的);original(原来的),其反义词是duplicate(复制的)。从不同的角度看,似乎任何一个选择都说得过去,但按照题意选A.actual最佳,因为题中强调的不是钢琴的真假,而是指作曲家“实际使用过的”。本题译文：这是作曲家创作他的一些杰出作品时实际使用过的那台钢琴。24.Mycameracanbe_____totakepicturesincloudyorsunnyconditions.A.treatedB.adoptedC.adjustedD.remedied[答案]C.adjusted.[注释]adjust(=arrange,putinorderoragreement;makesuitableorconvenientforuse)强调,调节,使适应;Thebodyadjustsitselftochangeoftemperature.(身体能自行调节以适应温度的变化。)Myeyeshavenotbeenadjustedtodarkyet.(我的眼睛还没有适应黑暗。)本句中adjust是不及物动词。Imustadjustmywatch.It"sslow.(我必须调一下我的表。它走得慢了。)25.AccordingtothepsychoanalystSigmundFreud,wisdomcomesfromthe_____ofmaturity.A.fulfillmentB.achievementC.establishmentD.accomplishment[答案]B.achievement[注释]achievement(=somethingsuccessfullyfinishedorgainedespeciallythroughskillandhardwork)取得,达到,成就。例如：achievementage智力成熟年龄。fulfilment(=theactoffulfillingorconditionofbeingfulfilled)履行,实行。如：Hewaswillingtofaceanyhardshipinfulfilmentofhisduties.(他愿意迎向困难去履行他得职责。)establishment建立,建设。Accomplishment(顺利)完成：Itwasagreataccomplishmenttofinishthehousecleaningintwodays.(两天内打扫完这栋屋子是件很了不起的事。)26.Thenumberoftickets_____willbedeterminedbythesizeofthestadium.A.adaptableB.acceptableC.advisableD.available[答案]D.available.[注释]available.(=capableofbeingused;thatmaybeobtained)可用的,有效的,可得到的。例如：1)Therearenodoctorsavailableintheremoteareas.(在边远地区没有大夫。)2)Thereticketsareavailableforonmonth.(这些票有效期一个月。)acceptable可以接受的：Noneofthesuggestionswasacceptable.advisable明智的,可取的,适当的：Ithinkitadvisablethathebeassignedtothejob.(我认为指派他干这项工作是可取的。)adaptable能适应的：Heisanadaptablemanandwillsoonlearnthenewwork.27.Toomanyhotelshavebeenbuiltandthishas_____prices,makingholidayscheaper.A.cutshortB.cutoutC.cutoffD.cutdown[答案]D.cutdown.[注释]cutdown参阅III,38注释。28.Heisaveryhonestofficialandnever_____anygiftsfromthepeoplewhosoughthishelp.A.acceptedB.receivedC.tookupD.excepted[答案]A.accepted[注释]receive收到,接到,指“收,接”这一动作;而accept是经过考虑“接受”下来,表示当事人的态度,如：Ireceivedthepresent,butIdidnotacceptit.(我收到了这件礼物,但我没有接受。)29.Hewasnot_____totheclubbecausehewasn"tamember.A.allowedB.admittedC.permittedD.approved http://www.tdxl.cn/[答案]B.admitted.[注释]admitsb.to(=allowsb.orsth.toenter;letin)允许某人某物进入;让......进入：1)Childrenarenotadmitted.(儿童免进。)Onlyonehundredboysareadmittedtotheschooltheschooleveryyear.(这所学校每年只收100名男生。)admit(=acknowledge;confess)承认,供认：1)Wehavetoadmitthatheisahighlycompetentman.(我们不得不承认他是一位能力很强的人。)2)Thethiefadmittedhiscrime.3)Sheadmittedhavingreadtheletter,4)Iadmitbreakingthewindow.注意admit后可接动名词的一般式或完成式。5)Wemustadmitthetasktobedifficult。注意admit也可以接复合结构。allow和permit后均可接sb.todosth.,故不合本题题意。approvesth.批准;approveofdoingsth.(=thinkwellof)赞成,赞许：1)Iamafraidtheywon"tapproveofyourgoingthere.(恐怕他们不会赞成你去那里的。)2)Idon"tapproveofyourwayoflookingatthings.(我不赞同你看待事情的方法。)30.Althoughhedoesn"tlikethatlaw,hewill_____withit.A.confineB.conformC.complyD.contend[答案]C.comply[注释]complywith遵守。