英语专题汇编阅读理解(人物故事)(一)及解析.docx 16页

英语专题汇编阅读理解(人物故事)(一)及解析一、高中英语阅读理解人物故事类1．阅读理解OnMarch25,2010,KateandDavidheardthewordseveryparentdreads:Theirnewbornwasn"tgoingtomakeit.Theirtwins-agirlandaboy-wereborntwominutesapartand14weekspremature,weighingjustovertwopoundseach.Doctorshadtriedtosavetheboyfor20minutesbutsawnoimprovement.Hisheartbeatwasnearlygone,andhe"dstoppedbreathing.Thebabyhadjustmomentstolive."Isawhimgasp(喘息),butthedoctorsaiditwasnouse,"KatetoldtheDailyMailfiveyearslater."Iknowitsoundsstupid,butifhewasstillgasping,thatwasasignoflife.Iwasn"tgoingtogiveupeasily."Still,thecoupleknewthiswaslikelyagoodbye.Inanefforttocherishherlastminuteswiththetinyboy,Kateaskedtoholdhim."Iwantedtomeethim,andforhimtoknowus,"KatetoldToday."We"dresignedourselvestothefactthatweweregoingtolosehim,andwewerejusttryingtomakethemostofthoselast,preciousmoments."Kateunwrappedtheboy,whomthecouplehadalreadynamedJamie,fromhishospitalblanketandaskedDavidtotakehisshirtoffandjointheminbed.Thefirst-timeparentswantedtheirsontobeaswarmaspossibleandhopedtheskin-to-skincontactwouldimprovehiscondition.Theyalsotalkedtohim."Weweretryingtopersuadehimtostay,"KatetoldtheDailyMail."Weexplainedhisnameandthathehadatwinthathehadtolookoutforandhowhardwehadtriedtohavehim."Thensomethingmiraculoushappened.Jamiegaspedagain-andthenhestartedbreathing.Finally,hereachedforhisfather"sfinger.Thecouple"slostboyhadmadeit."We"retheluckiestpeopleintheworld,"DavidtoldToday.Eightyearslater,Jamieandhissister,Emily,arehappyandhealthy.Thecoupleonlyrecentlytoldthekidsthestoryoftheirbirth."Emilyburstintotears,"Katesaid."Shewasreallyupset,andshekepthuggingJamie.Thiswholeexperiencemakesyoucherishthemmore."（1）Whatcanwelearnaboutthenewbornbabies?（2）Whenthecoupleknewtheywouldlosetheboy,they.A.beggedthedoctortosavehim（3）What"sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.ThePowerofHug.B.TheMiracleofLove. C.TheBondBetweenTwins.D.TheResponsibilityofParents.【答案】（1）C（2）D（3）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，一对双胞胎出生时，医生告诉他们的父母男孩难以存活，只有几分钟的时间了。而男孩的父母并没有放弃，并在最后抱了他，结果男孩奇迹般地重新开始呼吸，并幸存了下来。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Theirnewbornwasn"tgoingtomakeit.Theirtwins-agirlandaboy-wereborntwominutesapartand14weekspremature,weighingjustovertwopoundseach.”他们的新生儿要夭折了。他们的双胞胎--一个女孩和一个男孩分钟，早产了14周，每个人的体重刚刚超过两磅。可知这对双胞胎早产了--出生时相隔两14周出生。故选C。（2）考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“Thefirst-timeparentswantedtheirsontobeaswarmaspossibleandhopedtheskin-to-skincontactwouldimprovehiscondition.Theyalsotalkedtohim.”第一次做父母的希望他们的儿子尽可能的温暖，并希望这种肌肤接触能改善他的身体状况。他们也和他交谈。可知当这对夫妇知道他们将失去这个男孩时，他们和他交谈，并与他进行了密切的身体接触。故选D。（3）考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文记叙了一对双胞胎出生时，医生告诉他们的父母男孩难以存活，只有几分钟的时间了。而男孩的父母并没有放弃，并在最后抱了他，结果男孩奇迹般地重新开始呼吸，并幸存了下来的故事。讲述了一个爱的奇迹的故事。故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。2．阅读理解UnbelievableStoriesofAnimalsActingJustLikeHumansHorsesarepickyeatersHorseshaveanevenbettersenseofsmellthanhumansdo.Whenhorsesraisetheirnosesandopentheirnostrils(鼻孔),theirnervoussystemallowsthemtosensesmellswecan"tsense.Thismightexplainwhytheyrefusedirtywaterandcarefullymovearoundmeadows,eatingonlythetastiestgrasses,expertssay.WhalesaysthanksIn2011,awhaleexpertspottedahumpbackwhaletrappedinafishingnetandspentanhourfreeingit.Afterward,inanhour-longdisplayofthanks,thewhaleswamneartheirboatandleapedintotheairabout40times.PandasliketobenaughtyIsthereanythingmorelovelythanababypanda,exceptmaybeahumanbaby?Infact,babypandassometimesbehavelikehumanbabies.Theysleepinthesamepositionsandvaluetheirthumbs.Pandasareshybynatureforitsshybehaviorssuchascoveringitsfacewithapawofduckingitsheadwhenconfrontedbyastranger. AcathonorsitsownerPapertowels,andaplasticcuparejustafewofthegiftsthatToldo,adevotedthree-year-oldgray-and-whitecat,hasplacedonhisformerownerIozzelliRenzo"sgraveeverydaysincethemandiedinSeptember2011.RenzoadoptedToldofromashelterwhenthecatwasthreemonthsold,andthetwoformedaninseparablebond.AfterRenzopassedaway,Toldofollowedthecoffintothecemetery,andnow"standsguard"atthegraveforhoursatatime.（1）Whatcanhorsesdotopickdeliciousgrasses?A.Feelthem.B.Tastethem.C.Smellthem.D.Observethem.（2）Whatdothewhaleandthecathaveincommonaccordingtothepassage?（3）Whichofthefollowingactslikeahumanbabyaccordingtothepassage?A.Thewhale.B.Thecat.C.Thehorse.D.Thepanda.【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了4个令人难以置信的动物与人类行为类似的故事。（1）考查细节理解。根据Horsesarepickyeaters部分介绍的内容可知，马的嗅觉比人类还要强。当马抬起鼻子打开鼻孔时，它们的神经系统让它们感觉到我们感觉不到的气味。因此它们能够拒绝脏水，只吃最美味的草。这说明马靠嗅觉辨别草的好坏。故选C。（2）考查推理判断。根据Whalesaysthanks可知，这条鲸鱼通过跳跃表达对拯救它的救命恩人的感激。根据Acathonorsitsowner的内容可知，这只猫到墓地去怀念自己的主人。由此可知，两者共同之处在于都有一颗感恩之心。故选B。（3）考查细节理解。根据Pandasliketobenaughty中的“Infact,babypandassometimesbehavelikehumanbabies可知，”熊猫宝宝的行为与人类的婴儿相似。故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。3．阅读理解IwashavingagreatmorninguntilIsatdowninfrontofmyofficecomputer."Yourpasswordhasexpired(过期),"aservermessageflashedonmyscreen,withinstructionsforchangingit.Comingupwithanewcodedoesn"tseemlikeabigdeal,unlessyouworkatmycompany,wherewehavetochangeitmonthly,usingatleastoneuppercasecharacter,onelowercasecharacter,onesymbol,andonenumeral.Oh,andthewholedarnthingcan"tbefewerthaneightcharacters.AndIcan"tuseanyofthesamepasswordsI"veusedinthepastthreemonths.SuddenlyIwasfurious.Whatdidn"tmakeitanybetterwasthatIwasdeeplydepressedaftermyrecentdivorce.DisbeliefoverwhatshehaddonetomewasallIthoughtabout.Everyday. Myangerdidn"tmeananythingtotheemptyinputfieldwithapulsatingcursor(闪动的光标),waitingformetotypeapasswordthatI"dhavetore-enter—manytimes—forthenext30days.IrememberedatipI"dheardfrommyformerboss.He"dsaid,"I"mgoingtouseapasswordtochangemylife."Icouldn"tfocusongettingthingsdoneinmycurrentmood.TherewereclearindicatorsofwhatIneededtodotoregaincontrolofmylife,butIcouldn"tnoticethem.Mypasswordbecametheindicator.MypasswordremindedmethatIshouldn"tletmyselfbeavictimofmyrecentbreakupandthatIwasstrongenoughtodosomethingaboutit.ImademypasswordForgive@h3r.Ihadtotypethisstatementseveraltimesaday.Eachtimemycomputerwouldlock.Eachtimemyscreensaverwithherphotowouldappear.EachtimeIwouldcomebackfromeatinglunchalone.Inmymind,IwroteForgivehereveryday.ThesimpleactionchangedthewayIlookedatmyex-wife.Thatconstantreminderofreconciliationledmetoacceptthewaythingshadhappenedattheendofmymarriageandembraceanewwayofdealingwithmydepression.Asthemonthworeon,Ifeltaslowhealingbegintotakeplace.Bythetimemyserverpromptedmetoresetmypasswordthefollowingmonth,Ifeltfree.Onemonthlater,mydearExchangeserveraskedmeyetagaintoresetmypassword.IthoughtaboutthenextthingthatIhadtogetdone.MypasswordbecameQuit@smoking4ever.Iquitsmokingovernight.Thispasswordwasapainfulonetotypeduringthatmonth,butdoingithelpedmetoyellatmyselfinmymindasItypedthatstatement.Itmotivatedmetofollowmymonthlygoal.Onemonthlater,mypasswordbecameSave4trip@thailand.GuesswhereIwentthreemonthslater:Thailand.Seeinghowtheseremindershelpedtomaterializemygoalskeptmemotivatedandexcited.Whileit"ssometimesdifficulttocomeupwithyournextgoal,keepingatitbringsgreatresults.Hereisasimplifiedextractofwhatsomeofmypasswordshavebeeninthepasttwoyears,soyougetanideaofhowmylifehaschanged,thankstothismethod:Forgive@h3rTomyex-wife,whostarteditall.Quit@smoking4everitworked.Save4trip@thailanditworked.Eat2times@dayitneverworked,stillfat.Sleep@before12itworked.Ask@her4dateitworked.Ifellinloveagain.No@drinking2monthsitworked.Ifeelbetter.Get@c4t!Itworked.Ihaveabeautifulcat.MovE@togeth3ritworked.Facetime2mom@sundayitworked.ItalkwithMomeveryweek.Andtheoneforlastmonth:Save4@ringYep.Lifeisgonnachangeagainsoon.（1）Theunderlinedword"furious"inthethirdparagraphisclosestinthemeaningto______. A.depressedB.doubtfulC.nervousD.angry（2）Whydidhedecidetouse"Forgive@h3r"ashispassword?（3）Whatcanwelearnfromthepassword"Save4@ring"forlastmonth?A.Hewillcallhismothereveryweek.B.Hewillsoonaskhisgirlfriendtomarryhim.C.Hispasswordwillhelphimsavemoney.D.Hewillberemindedtosavehispassword.（4）Whatmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.HowaPasswordChangedMyLife.B.WhyIChangedMyPassword.C.HowaSlowHealingTookPlace.D.HowIFollowedMyMonthlyGoal.【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）B（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者公司电脑每个月都要换一次密码，这让作者很生气，特别是作者刚刚离婚，心情沮丧，但是前老板的话让作者意识到可以用设置密码提醒自己去达成一些目标，这样做效果真地很好。（1）考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“Whatdidn"tmakeitanybetterwasthatIwasdeeplydepressedaftermyrecentdivorce.”更糟糕的是，在我最近离婚后，我感到非常沮丧。画线的不可能是沮丧，Iwasdeeplydepressed这里提到的是沮丧。根据第四段中的“Myangerdidn"tmeananythingtotheemptyinputfieldwithapulsatingcursor这里指的是生气。故”选D。（2）考查细节理解。根据第六段中的“Mypasswordbecametheindicator.MypasswordremindedmethatIshouldn"tletmyselfbeavictimofmyrecentbreakupandthatIwasstrongenoughtodosomethingaboutit.我的密”码成了指示符。我的密码提醒我，我不应该让自己成为最近分手的受害者，我足够坚强，可以为此做些什么。用这个密码因为他希望它能提醒他要坚强。故选C。（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段“Andtheoneforlastmonth:Save4@ringYep.Lifeisgonnachangeagainsoon.生活”很快又要改变了。根据选项A.他每周都会给他妈妈打电话；选项B他很快就会向他的女朋友求婚。选项C他的密码能帮他省钱。这件事不可能发生的；选项D他会被提醒保存密码。根据推理可知只有选项B是生活有了改变。故选B。（4）考查主旨大意。根据第六段“Mypasswordbecametheindicator.MypasswordremindedmethatIshouldn"tletmyselfbeavictimofmyrecentbreakupandthatIwasstrongenoughtodosomethingaboutit.及第十”六段“Hereisasimplifiedextractofwhatsomeofmypasswords havebeeninthepasttwoyears,soyougetanideaofhowmylifehaschanged,thankstothismethod.”通读全文可知,文章主要讲述的是作者借鉴了前任老板的忠告码帮助自己走出了离婚的阴霾,故A项作文章标题最佳。故选A。,利用新设置的一个密【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。4．阅读理解OpenwaterswimmingIhadonlyswuminopenwaterafewtimes,andalwaysingentlelakes,soIwasn"tpreparedforhowroughLakeWindermereappearedonacoldday.Aswimmertoldmethewaterfeltcolderthanithadbeenmeasured,andthatthewaterwasabitrough.ButI,alongwith10,000others,wasabouttocompletethechallenge.Mostofthepeopletakingpartweredoingaone-milerace,and10raceswereplannedovertheweekend.Thereseemedtobeamixofopen-waterenthusiastsalongsidecompletebeginners—whichispreciselytheaimoftheswims,togetasmanypeopleaspossiblecompletingtheirownchallenge.Theoldestwomancompetingwas77,takingpartinthetwo-milerace,alongsideamanwholastyearhadswumineveryone-milerace.Ihadchosenthethirdone-mileraceoftheday.Therewereover600peopleinmyrace.Weweretakenthroughanacclimatizationareaachildren"spaddlingpool-sizedpartofthelakewherewemovedintofeelhowcoldthewaterwas."Nottoobad"waseveryone"sthought!Thenweheadedouttowardsthemiddleofthelake.We"dbeenwarnedthatthefirst100metreswouldbereallyrough.However,somewherenearthe750mmarkIwasstillwaitingforthecalm;itfeltmorelikeswimmingintheseathanalake.Itriedtofocusonmybreathingandtechnique,andjustkeepgoing.AsIapproachedthe400m-to-gomarkmylowerrightlegbecamepainful.Irecalledoverhearingpeopletalkingabouthowtheykeptswimmingthroughthepain,soItried.Butitdidn"twork.Ibegantofeeltheentirelegtightandpainful.Ididn"twanttostop,soIbentmyrightkneeandjustkickedwiththeleftleg.FinallyIsawthefinishingpost,andIjustconcentratedongettingthere—stillone-legged.Myfinishingtimewas38minutes25secondsbutthatdidn"tmatter—theatmospherewasfantasticandeveryonefeltasenseofachievement,whatevertheirtime.I"mhooked,andwanttogiveitanothergo.I"vealreadysignedupformynextopen-waterswim.（1）Howdidtheauthorfeelbeforetherace?（2）WhydoestheauthormentionthetwopeopleinParagraph2?A.Tostresstheimportanceoftherace.B.Topraisetheexperiencedswimmers.C.Toshowthewiderangeoftheparticipants. D.Tointroducethevariouseventsoftherace.（3）TheauthorsuggestsinParagraph4that______.（4）Whatdoestheauthortalkaboutinthelastparagraph?A.Herconfidenceinherownability.B.Herprideinhavingswumsoquickly.C.Hereagernesstorepeattheexperience.D.Hersurpriseathavingmanagedtofinish.【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）B（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了参加一英里的天然水域游泳的经历，最终成功到达终点线。（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“ButI,alongwith10,000others,wasabouttocompletethechallenge.可知”，我马上和其他很坚定要完成这项运动，故选D。10000名游泳者完成这项挑战，故可知，他们（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Thereseemedtobeamixofopen-waterenthusiastsalongsidecompletebeginners—whichispreciselytheaimoftheswims,togetasmanypeopleaspossiblecompletingtheirownchallenge.Theoldestwomancompetingwas77,takingpartinthetwo-milerace,alongsideamanwholastyearhadswumineveryone-milerace.可知”，参赛者包括天然水域游泳的爱好者，也包括初学者，也有很多人完成自己的挑战，这里面就有77岁参加2英里游泳的老人，也有去年参加一英里的男子，故可知，该比赛参与者范围很广，故选C。（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Irecalledoverhearingpeopletalkingabouthowtheykeptswimmingthroughthepain,soItried.Butitdidn"twork.Ibegantofeeltheentirelegtightandpainful.可”知，我想起了那些人提及的克服水中抽筋的技巧，但是没有作用，我感觉整条腿开始紧张疼痛，故可知，这次比赛比她想象的要艰难，故选（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“I"mhooked,andwantB。togiveitanothergo.I"vealreadysignedupformynextopen-waterswim.可”知，我被吸引住了，想要再尝试一次，准备好为下一次游泳比赛报名，故可知，作者为完成比赛而感到兴奋，也喜欢上了这项运动，故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。5．阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。EveryyearfromMarchtoOctober,ChristianMoullec,alsoknownas"Birdman,"takestotheskiesaboardhisadaptedlightaircraft.However,the58-year-oldFrenchman"sdaily30-minuteflightisnotjusttoenjoytheimpressiveviews,buttoguideflocks(鸟群)oflesserwhite-fronted geese(小白额雁)throughsafemigrationpathswhichthebirdscanteachfuturegenerations.Hisdeedbeganin1995whenhenoticedtheirdecliningpopulationinthewildsofLapland,Sweden.Topreventtheirnumbersfromdroppingfurther,Moullectriedtogetthethreatenedspeciestofollowhimalongmigrationroutesthatwouldprotectthemfrombirdhunters.However,gettinggrowngeesetofollowhisleadprovedchallenging.Asyounggeeseimitateandfollowwhomevertheyviewastheirparent,Moullecdecidedtoraisethegeesefrombirth.Tohelpraisefundsandawarenessofhisjobtoprotectnotjustthegeesebutbirdsworldwide,Moullecoftenallowspayingtouriststojoinhimonthe30-minute-longflightsaboardhisaircraft.Inadditiontothetrainedbirdsflyingalongsidethem,visitors,whocomefromasfarasa15-hourplaneflightaway,aretreatedtoavarietyofcraneandgeesespeciesaswellasbreathtakingviewsofcastlesandcities.Heoftenbringshiscameraalongfortheflights,capturingphotosnotjustfortheirbeauty,butforwhattheydescribe.MoullecbelievestheuseofagriculturalchemicalshasdoneharmtowildEuropeanbirds,withmorethanathirddisappearinginthelast30years."It"sadisaster,"hesaid."Mybeautifulimageswithflyingbirdsshouldbeusedtotellthisstory."（1）Whydoes"Birdman"alwaysflytotheskyonhisaircraft?（2）Whatdoweknowabout"Birdman"?（3）WhatdoesMoullecoftentakephotosinhisflightsfor?（4）Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.BirdmanGuidesFlockstoLearntoFly.B.BirdmanFindsBirdsDisappearing.C.BirdmanHelpsFlocksSafelyMigrate.D.BirdmanProtectsBirdsFromHunters.【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）B（4）C【解析】【分析】短文大意：ChristianMoullec通过驾驶他的轻型飞行器来指导小白额雁安全迁徙，他还带领游客们一起体验这种飞行来增强人们保护鸟类的意识。 （1）细节理解题。根据第一段buttoguideflocks(鸟群)oflesserwhite-frontedgeese(小白额雁)throughsafemigrationpaths可知Birdman是用他的飞行器指导小白额雁安全迁徙，故选D。（2）推理判断题。通过文章可知Birdman不仅指导小白额雁安全迁徙还认为农药的使用对野生鸟类造成伤害，可以看出他是一个热爱自然的人，故选A。（3）细节理解题。根据第五段Heoftenbringshiscameraalongfortheflights,capturingphotosnotjustfortheirbeauty,butforwhattheydescribe。可知他拍照是为了展示这些照片反映的问题，也就是农药的使用加速了鸟类的数量减少，故选B。（4）主旨大意题。根据文章第一段可知Molluec驾驶轻型飞行器是为了帮助小白额雁沿着安全的路程迁徙，故选C。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题、推理判断题和主旨大意题，细节理解题要注意从文中寻找答案；推理判断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨大意题需要通读全文，寻找主题句，了解大意之后找出中心思想。6．阅读理解WhenIwasaverylittlechild,IrememberwatchingTVandseeingotherchildrensufferinotherpartsoftheworld.Iwouldtalktomyself,"whenIgrowup,whenIcanbecomerich,I"llsavekidsallovertheworld."Attheageof17,IbeganmycareerhereinAmerica,andby18,Istartedmyfirstcharityorganization.Iwentontoteamupwithotherorganizationsinthefollowingyears,andmet,helped,andevenlostsomeofthemostbeautifulsouls,fromsix-year-oldJasminaAnemawhopassedawayin2010fromleukemia(白血病)—herstoryinspiredthousandstovolunteerasdonors,to2012whenmygrandmotherlostherbattlewithcancer,whichistheveryreasonandthedrivingforcebehindtheClaraLionelFoundation(CLF).We"reallhuman.Andwealljustwantachance:achanceatlife,achanceineducation,achanceatafuture,really.AndatCLF,ourmissionistoimpactasmanylivesaspossible,butitstartswithjustone.Peoplemakeitseemtoohardtodocharitywork.Thetruthis,youdon"thavetoberichtohelpothers.Youdon"tneedtobefamous.Youdon"tevenhavetobecollege-educated.Butitstartswithyourneighbor,thepersonrightnexttoyou,thepersonsittingnexttoyouinclass,thekiddowntheblockinyourneighborhood.Youjustdowhateveryoucantohelpinanywaythatyoucan.Andtoday,Iwanttochallengeeachofyoutomakeacommitmenttohelponeperson,oneorganization,onesituationthattouchesyourheart.Mygrandmotheralwaysusedtosay,"Ifyou"vegotadollar,there"splentytoshare."（1）Whatdidtheauthorwanttodoatayoungage?A.WatchTV.B.Growupquickly.C.Becomewealthy.D.Helpotherchildren.（2）WhichofthefollowingdirectlycausedtheauthortocreateanddeveloptheCLF?A.Asix-year-oldkid"srequest.B.Hergrandmother"sdeathofcancer.C.Manyvolunteers"inspirationforit.D.Otherorganizations"encouragement.（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"one"inParagraph2referto? A.Achance.B.Alife.C.Atask.D.Anorganization.（4）Whatdoestheauthorsuggestpeopledointhelastparagraph?A.Dolittlethingstohelpthosearoundthem.B.Workveryhardtogetacollegeeducation.C.Challengetheirfriendstoofferhelp.D.Docharityworkwhenyouarerich.【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）B（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者（蕾哈娜）年少时立志长大帮助遭受痛苦的孩子们。长大作者兑现诺言做慈善工作，并号召人们：做力所能及的事来帮助周围的人。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Iwouldsaytomyself,"WhenIgrowup,whenIcangetrich,Iwillsavekidsallovertheworld."可知，作者小时候想帮助其他孩子，故选D。（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"...to20l2whenmygrandmotherlostherbattlewithcancer,whichistheveryreasonandthedrivingforcebehindtheClaraLionelFoundation(CLF)."可知，祖母的逝世是作者创办和发展CLF的直接动力。故选B。（3）考查代词指代。根据第二段中的"AndatCL.F,ourmissionistoimpactasmanylivesaspossible,butitstartswithjustone."可知，该组织的使命是影响尽可能多的生命，但是这需要从影响一个生命开始。由此可推断，one指代的是前面提到的manylives中的一个。故选B。（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"Butitstartswithyourneighbor..inyourneighborhood."和"Youjustdowhateveryoucantohelpinanywaythatyoucan,Andtoday,Iwanttochallengeeachofyoutomakeacommitmenttohelponeperson,oneorganization,onesituationthattouchesyourheart."可知，作者建议人们做力所能及的事来帮助周围的人。故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，代词指代和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。7．阅读理解VioletteChilde,67,isadiningcompanionwhohelpsservepatientslunches.Therolewasintroducedtenyearsagobyadietitianconcerningthatsomepatientswerenoteatingtheirmeals."Manyofourpatientsareelderlyandcanbeconfusedbythenoisy,busyenvironmentofthehospitalandsowon"tfocusoneating."explainsYvonneDonglas-Morris,headofvolunteering,whooverseestheactivitiesofall528ofthetrustyvolunteers."Staffarebusywiththeclinicalsideofthings,sothediningcompanionswereintroduced.Theywillassistthepatientsandencouragethemtoeat."Violette,aretiredlibrarymanager,hasbeenhelpingoutforsixyears."Itmakesmefeelabitmorecomplete,"shesayssimply."Helpingwiththemealsfreesupthenursestogetonwithotherthings.Ibelieveinbeingapartofthecommunityandthishospitalispartofmycommunity."Anotherkeyroleisplayedbythedischargevolunteers,whooffersupporttotheelderly, especiallythoseaged70andover-leavinghospitaltoreturntoanemptyhome.Theteamhasabudgetof￡10perpersonandwillpoptotheshopsandbuymilk,breadandamealtotidethemoverforthefirstfewhours.Theythencallthepatientsregularly,foraslongastheyneed,tocheckhowtheyaregettingonandiftheyneedextrasupport.ThevolunteersinKingstonworkfromadedicatedoffice-asmallroominoneofthebuildingsonthehospitalgrounds,whereaChristmastreedecoratedwithbaubles(小饰物)bearingthefacesofvolunteerssitsinthecorner."Allthevolunteerscomeandgatherhere,itgetsverybusyattimes,"smilesNicolaHutin,67,adischargesupportvolunteer.Amotheroftwo,andgrandmotheroffour,shewasamembershipcoordinator(协调员)foratradeassociationuntilsheretired,andhassincevolunteeredatthehospitalonemorningaweekfor18months.（1）Whatcanwelearnaboutdiningcompanions?（2）WhatdoesViolettethinkofherwork?（3）Whatdoesadischargevolunteerdoforthepatients?A.Raisemoneyfortheelderly.B.PayavisittothemathomeC.Buydailynecessitiesforthem.D.Ringtochecktheirhealthcondition.（4）Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribethethemeofthetext?A.Itisnevertoooldtolearn.B.Manyhandsmakelightwork.C.Healthisbetterthanwealth.D.Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）D（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，通过讲述志愿者的工作，告诉我们的是"人多力量大"。（1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"Manyofourpatientsareelderlyandcanbeconfusedbythenoisy,busyenvironmentofthehospitalandsowon"tfocusoneating.""我们的许多病人都是老年人，可能会被医院嘈杂繁忙的环境所迷惑，因此不会集中精力吃饭。"---sothediningcompanionswereintroduced.Theywillassistthepatientsandencouragethemtoeat.""所以介绍了吃饭的同伴。他们会帮助病人，鼓励他们吃东西。"可知，关于用餐同伴，我们能了解到他们的工作环境很嘈杂。故选A。（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Violette,aretiredlibrarymanager,hasbeenhelpingoutforsixyears.‘Itmakesmefeelabitmorecomplete,是一名退休’”的图Violette书馆经理， 她已经帮了六年的忙。"这让我觉得更完整了”，以及“---Ibelieveinbeingapartofthecommunityandthishospitalispartofmycommunity.我相信成为社区”的一份子，而这家医院也是我社区的一份子。可知，Violette觉得她的工作会给她一种归属感。故选C。（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Theythencallthepatientsregularly,foraslongastheyneed,tocheckhowtheyaregettingonandiftheyneedextrasupport.然后他们会定期给病人”打电话，只要他们需要，检查他们的情况以及是否需要额外的支持。可知，出院志愿者为病人打电话来检查他们的健康状况。故选D。（4）考查主旨大意。根据最后一段中的“ThevolunteersinKingstonworkfromadedicatedoffice-asmallroominoneofthebuildingsonthehospitalgrounds,whereaChristmastreedecoratedwithbaubles(小饰物)bearingthefacesofvolunteerssitsinthecorner.的”Kingston志愿者们在一间专门的办公室里工作，这是医院场地上一栋大楼里的一个小房间，角落里有一棵圣诞树，上面装饰着印有志愿者面孔的小玩意。可知，本文告诉我们的是"人多力量大"。故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。8．阅读理解Whenreturningtosouth-westernGermany,wheremyparentslive,itiscompulsoryformetogoonahiketoconnectwithnatureandreconnectwithmyself.So,thatisexactlywhatIdidthefirstsunnySundaybackinthebeautifulBlackForest.TheHuzenbacherSeeisatarninthemiddleofthenorthernBlackForestwithabundantnaturesurroundingit.Approachingitafteragoodhourwalk,Isawfascinatingbluedragonfliesinquantitythatattractedusbythewaytheyflewaround.Theydidn"tstandstillforaphoto,astheylandedonleavesforasplitsecond.WewerealsosurprisedattheyellowwaterliliesthatcanbeseenfloatingonitssurfacebetweenJuneandJuly.Sittingdownatoneofthebenchessurroundingthelakeforapicnicwassatisfyingintwoways.Iwasawareoftheworld"sbeautythatgavemetheenergytocontinueupthemountaintoreachthemostamazingviewlookingoverthelake.Theotherwastoreallyfillmyselfupinordertocontinuetheadventureadequately,fulluponsomesnacksandrefreshingwaterfromthewell.Thehikeupwasn"tashardasexpectedandagoodpathwasprovidedwithdirtyrocksandslipperystonesallundertheshadeofthetalltrees.Thistookaboutanhourandahalfuntilreachingthebeautifulviewofthelakeandlandbelow.Oncewehadtakenintheastonishingviews,thewalkbackdowntookanotherhourorso,makingthehikea3-to4-hourroundtrip,whichwaswellworthit!SimplybeingbackintheBlackForestandhavingsuchpleasanthikesisdefinitelygoodforthesoulandIhighlyrecommendgettingyourselfoutside,beitintheBlackForestoranywhereoutdoors.GetyourintakeofvitaminDand,mostimportantly,takeinthemomentsthatnaturehastooffer.（1）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"tarn"inparagraphA.Tree.B.Tower.Ⅰreferto?C.LakeD.Village. （2）Howdidtheauthorfeelwhensittingonthebench?A.Tired.B.Content.C.Surprised.D.Excited.（3）Whatdidtheauthorcallonpeopletodo?A.TakevitaminDpills.B.Loveandprotectnature.C.Savethesoulandbeyourself.D.Gooutdoorsandgetclosetonature.（4）Accordingtotheauthor,beingbackintheBlackForestandhavingpleasanthikesdoesgoodtoone"s________.A.healthB.spiritC.characterD.experience【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）D（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者在美丽的黑森林里度过的第一个阳光明媚的星期天。作者在湖边的长椅上坐下来野餐，进行了一次3到4个小时的徒步往返旅程。作者因此号召人们多去户外，亲近自然。（1）考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的“WewerealsosurprisedattheyellowwaterliliesthatcanbeseenfloatingonitssurfacebetweenJuneandJuly.可知六月”至七月间，黄黄的睡莲浮在水面上，我们也很惊讶。其中its指代TheHuzenbacherSee，故可知TheHuzenbacherSee是一个湖泊，故划线部分tarn意思为"湖泊"，故选C。（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Sittingdownatoneofthebenchessurroundingthelakeforapicnicwassatisfyingintwoways.可知作者在湖边”的长椅上坐下来野餐有两方面的满足感，即作者坐在长椅上时感到满足，故选（3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的B。“Ihighlyrecommendgettingyourselfoutside,beitintheBlackForestoranywhereoutdoors.可知作者强”烈建议到户外去，无论是在黑森林还是任何户外的地方，去亲近自然，故选D。（4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“SimplybeingbackintheBlackForestandhavingsuchpleasanthikesisdefinitelygoodforthesoul可知作者认为简单”地回到黑森林，进行这样愉快的徒步旅行肯定对灵魂有好处，故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和词义猜测两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。9．阅读理解Backin1988,IwasworkingattheUniversityofBonninGermanyasaresearchfellow.ItooksometimeoffinearlyMaytovisitafriend,whowasthedirectorofamuseuminViterbo,incentralItaly.Isetoutbytrain,whichcrossedtheSwissbordertoreachZurich,windingthroughvalleysandalonghillsides,andenteringtunnelsandmakingitswaythroughtheSwissAlps.Thescenerywassobeautiful.ThetrainthencrossedtheItalianborderbeforepassingthroughMilanandFlorence,thenfinallystoppinginRome.Iwaslucky,asmyhotelwasclosetotherailwaystation.Thenextmorning,IhadacoffeeatanearbycaféandeagerlysetouttovisitasmanyofthefamousRoman landmarksaspossible.ThefollowingdayIheadedbacktothetrainstation,intendingtotakeashorttrainridetoViterbotomeetupwithmyfriend.WhenIarrivedatthestationandattemptedtolocatethecorrectplatform,Iquicklyrealizedthatthestationwasclosedforanupgrade(升级).Foramomentmymindwentblankanddidnotknowwhattodo.Mybiggestproblemwasmyluggage—mysuitcaseandhandluggageweresoheavythatIcouldn"tmoveabouteasily.AsIdon"tspeakItalian,Icouldnotaskanyoneforinstructions.Idraggedmysuitcaseabout100meterstoanearbymotormechanics.Atall,strongmanofabout50yearsofagewasworkingthereandIexcusedmyselfandaskedwheretheneareststationwas.IamsurethathedidnotunderstandmeproperlybuthecouldeasilyguessthatIwaslookingforastation.Hereplied,butIdidnotunderstand.Hesmiled,wipedhishandsandsaidsomething,whichIguessedtomean"comealong".SoIdraggedmysuitcasealongandfollowedhim.Heopenedthedoorofhiscar,motionedtometogetinandthendroveforafewminutestothenextstation.Igotout,unloadedmyluggage,thenshookhishandwiththanks.Hesmiledbackanddroveaway.TherewasnotimetohugorexchangenamesIunderstoodhewasbusyandinthemiddleofhiswork.IwasmovedsomuchbyhisgenerositythatIhaveneverforgottenhim.（1）In1988,theauthorwenttocentralItalyto.A.visitamuseumB.seeafriendC.dosomeresearchD.teachinauniversity（2）Theauthorgotintoapanicbecause.A.thestationwasnotavailableB.hecouldn"tunderstandItalianC.hecouldn"tmanagetheluggageD.astrongmanmadehimfrightened（3）Whichofthefollowingcandescribethemanworkinginthemotormechanics?A.Wealthyandresponsible.B.Generousandwarm-hearted.C.Courageousandcalm.D.Determinedandstrict.（4）Whatdoesthestorymainlytellus?A.Goodsceneryisontheroad.B.Onegoodturndeservesanother.C.Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.D.Anactofkindnesscanbringotherswarmth.【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）B（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者去意大利看望一位朋友，带着沉重的行李，正在因车站关闭而不知所措时，一位汽车修理工慷慨帮忙的经历，说明了一个善举可以给别人带来温暖。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“ItooksometimeoffinearlyMaytovisitafriend,whowasthedirectorofamuseuminViterbo,incentralItaly.可知1988年，作者”去意大利中部看望一位朋友，故选B。（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“WhenIarrivedatthestationandattemptedtolocatethecorrectplatform,Iquicklyrealizedthatthestationwasclosedforanupgrade(升级).Foramomentmymindwentblankanddidnotknowwhattodo.当我到达车站”并试图找到正确的站 台时，我很快意识到车站因升级而关闭了。有那么一会儿，我的脑子一片空白，不知道该怎么办。可知作者陷入了恐慌，因为车站不能用，故选A。（3）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“Heopenedthedoorofhiscar,motionedtometogetinandthendroveforafewminutestothenextstation.Igotout,unloadedmyluggage,thenshookhishandwiththanks.Hesmiledbackanddroveaway.他打开车门，示”意我上车，然后开了几分钟车到下一站。我下了车，卸下行李，然后和他握了握手，表示感谢。他也笑了笑，开车走了。在作者遇到困难的情况下，这位汽车修理工慷慨的帮忙。由此推断出这位汽车修理工慷慨又热心，故选B。（4）考查主旨大意。最后一段“IwasmovedsomuchbyhisgenerositythatIhaveneverforgottenhim.”他的慷慨大方使我深受感动，我从未忘记他，是全文的主题句，结合全文内容，可知这篇文章主要告诉我们一个善举可以给别人带来温暖，故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。10．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。DaveMerryandhistoolshavebeenthroughalottogether.ThetoolshelpedDave,now80,repairhishomeinSt.Paul,Minnesota,whereheandhiswife,AnnetteMerry,livedfor46yearsandraisedthreechildren.Thetablesaw,thejointerplane,thedrillpress,andthedozensofotherpowerandhandtoolshadprideofplaceinhiscarefullyorganizedworkshop."Ihadawholesetup,anditwasbeautiful,"saysDave,aretiredengineer.ButthenAnnetteexperiencedastroke(中风)thatleftherrelyingonawalkertogetaround,andtheMerrysdecidedtomoveintoassistedliving.Dave"sworkshopwasobviouslyaminorconsiderationgivenAnnette"scondition,butthefamilyknewthatgivingitup,ontopofeverythingelse,wouldhurt.ItwastheMerrys"daughterwhocameupwithapossiblesolution.She"dheardaboutsomepeoplewhoweresettingupatoollibrary—anonprofitfacilitythatwouldlendouttoolsjustasaregularlibrarylendsbooks.MightDadbeinterestedindonatinghis?"Isaidyes,"Davesays.ThepeoplecreatingtheSt.PaulToolLibrarywerethrilled.Theyhadexpecteditwouldtakeayeartocollectenoughtoolstomaketheirfacilityfullyfunctional.Insteadittookoneday:thedayDavedonatedhis.Thelibrary"sfoundersdroveovertotheMerrys"houseandpickedeverythingupthemselves.ThelibraryishousedinthebasementoftheAmericanCanFactory.Memberspayanannualfee(from$20to$120)forunlimitedtooluseandavaryingnumberofvisitstotheworkshop.Andtheygetanextrabenefit:DaveMerry."Almosteverytimewe"reopen,Dave"shere,"saysoneofthefounders,PeterHoh."Itmeansalottometobeabletogoandusemytools,"Davesays."ButitmeansjustasmuchtohelpDIYersusethetoolsproperly."AsHohputsit,"Thisishisworkshopnow."（1）WhatdoweknowaboutDaveMerry?A.HehadfewDIYtools.B.Hekepthistoolswell. C.Heownedatoollibrary.D.Heusedawalkingstickafterstroke.（2）Howdidthedaughterhelpherparents?A.ShetookoverDad"sworkshop.B.SheofferedDadusefulinformation.C.Shemovedthemintoassistedliving.D.ShesoldDad"stoolstoatoollibrary.（3）WhatisavailabletothevisitorstotheSt.PaulToolLibrary?A.Freeuseofthetools.B.AvisittotheMerrys"house.C.Dave"sinstructionsforusingthetools.D.Hoh"sshareoftheprofitfromthelibrary.（4）Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ArtofLivingB.SettingupaLibraryC.AFamily-runLibraryD.RecyclingThroughDonating【答案】（1）B（2）B（3）C（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，DaveMerry年迈之时无偿捐助承载其诸多生活经历的DIY工具，使其循环使用让更多人受益。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Thetablesaw,thejointerplane,thedrillpress,andthedozensofotherpowerandhandtoolshadprideofplaceinhiscarefullyorganizedworkshop.台锯、木工刨床、钻床，以及其他几十种动力和手工工具，在他精心组织的车间里都占有重要地位。可知，他把工具保存得很好。故选B。（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“ItwastheMerrys"daughterwhocameupwithapossiblesolution.She"dheardaboutsomepeoplewhoweresettingupatoollibrary—anonprofitfacilitythatwouldlendouttoolsjustasaregularlibrarylendsbooks.可知，是梅里家”的女儿想出了一个可能的解决办法。她听说有些人正在建立一个工具库——一个像普通图书馆出借图书一样出借工具的非盈利机构。从而可知，女儿给爸爸提供了有用的信息。故选B。（3）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的"‘Almosteverytimewe"reopen,Dave"shere,oneofthefounders,PeterHoh.‘Itmeansalottometobeabletogoandusemytools,says.‘ButitmeansjustasmuchtohelpDIYersusethetoolsproperly可.知，营业的时候，戴夫’"都在这里帮助DIY者如何正确使用工具。故选C。’says（4）考查主旨大意。根据全文内容可知，记述了DaveMerry年迈之时无偿捐助承载其诸多生活经历的DIY工具，使其循环使用让更多人受益的温馨故事。故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信，并根据上下文进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。