2019年高考英语二轮专题复习第一部分语法题型突破篇专题三阅读理解高考命题18人物故事类精选题.doc 4页

人物故事类A(2018·江西上饶市一模)JamesHarrison,whowasentitled“TheManwiththeGoldenArm”，hasdonatedbloodalmosteveryweek,savingmorethantwomillionbabiesintheprocess.HarrisontoldCNN,anAmericanchannel,aboutwhyhechoosestodonate,eventhoughit"snotthemostpleasurableexperience:“NeveroncehaveIwatchedtheneedlegoinmyarm.Ican"tstandthesightofblood,andIcan"tstandthepain.”Anamazinglyuniqueantibody(抗体)inHarrison"sbloodmakesitatruelifesaverforbabieswhocouldbeaffectedbyrhesusdisease(Rh溶血症)．Theconditionoccursduringsomepregnancies,whenawomanwhohasrhesusnegativebloodproducesantibodiesthatdestroyherbabies"cells.Thiscanhappenwhenthebabyhasthesamerhesuspositivebloodasthefather.Rhesusdiseasecancausehealthissuesinbabies.Itcanevenresultindeath.Harrison"sbloodhelpedphysiciansdevelopaninjectioncalledAntiDinthe1960s,whichpreventswomenwhohaverhesusnegativebloodfromdevelopingtheharmfulantibodieswhilepregnant.AfterHarrisonpletesoneofhisroutinedonations,hisbloodcanbeusedtocreatemorevaccines(疫苗)．“Istarteddonatingin1955,twodaysafterIturned18，”Harrisonsaidwhenhepletedhis1,075thdonation.AsCNNreported,everyAntiDvaccinecreatedinAustraliahassomethingtodowithadonationfromHarrison,whoholdstherecordforthemostblooddonationsinAustralia.“Anumberofmothershaveeuptomeandsaid,‘Thankyouverymuchforwhatyou"vedonebecauseInowhaveone,two,threehealthychildren.’”Harrisonsaid.Harrison"sowndaughter,TraceyMellowship,hadbeenoneofthe17percentofwomenwhoneedAntiDduringtheirpregnancy.Theinjectionhelpedguaranteehersecondsonwouldbebornhealthy.“Dadhadalwaysdonated—weknewthat，”Mellowshipsaid.“Butitdidn"thithomeuntilIwaspregnantandknewtheconsequences.”1.FromthefirsttwoparagraphswecaninferthatHarrisonis________.A．humorousandsmart B．optimisticbutweakC．friendlybutnervousD．braveandunselfish2．Babiesaffectedbyrhesusdisease________.A．growproblematiccellsB．can"tformbloodthemselvesC．developthediseaseafterbeingbornD．havethesamebloodtypeastheirmothers3．Harrison"sbloodcan________.A．helppatientsdevelopAntiDB．curerhesusdiseaseaffectedbabiesC．avoidtheriskofrhesusdiseaseD．stopbabiesfromproducingantibodies4．BeforeMellowshipwasinjectedAntiD,herfamilydidn"t________.A．understandthemeaningofHarrison"sactB．expectshewouldhaveanotherhealthysonC．knowHarrisonheldarecordfordonatingbloodD．realizethehighrateofpotentialrhesusdisease答案：【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了詹姆斯·哈里森因为自己的血液所包含的独特抗体可以帮助医生研发Rh溶血症疫苗，所以他几乎每周献血一次。目前他是澳大利亚献血最多的人。1．D　解析：推理判断题。由第一段中的“hasdonatedbloodalmosteveryweek”可知，他是无私的；由第二段最后两句可知，他从不看针头扎进胳膊，因为他受不了看见血，也受不了针扎的疼痛。尽管如此，他依然坚持几乎每周献血一次，由此可以推断，他非常勇敢，故选D项。2．A　解析：细节理解题。由第四段中的“producesantibodiesthatdestroyherbabies"cells”可知，Rh溶血症患儿的细胞被破坏，会变成问题细胞。3．C　解析：细节理解题。由第五段第一句可知，他的血液可以帮助医生研发一种名叫AntiD的注射液，从而避免婴儿得溶血症。本题考生易误选A项，根据第五段中的“helpedphysiciansdevelopaninjectioncalled”可知，他的血液是帮助医生研发注射液，而不是帮助病人研发。4．A　解析：细节理解题。由最后一段他女儿的话可知，在她注射AntiD之前，她知道爸爸在献血，但直到自己注射完后，她才意识到并理解爸爸行为的重大意义。A项中的understand对应原文最后一句中的第二个knew；themeaning对应consequences。 B(2018·广东省广州市高三毕业考试)Atfirstsight,AlmaDeutscher,athirteenyearoldgirlfromEnglandappearstobelikeanyothertypicalteenager.Shelovestoskiprope,readandplaywithheryoungersister.Butthismodestyoungster,whoposedherfirstmusicalworkatagesix,firstshortoperaatageseven,andfirstfulllengthoperabasedonCinderellaatageten,isanythingbutaverage.Thoughherparentsdownplayherextraordinarytalent,youngAlmaisbeingdescribedas“littleMozart”bythemusicworld.Alma"soperatictalenttakesontheclassicfairytale,whichshebeganwritingatageeight,buthasaslighttwist.HerCinderellaisamusicianwhomeetsherPrinceCharmingthroughasong.“InmyCinderella,shesingsthebeginningofaballad—butatmidnightsheflees.Eventually,theprincefindsherafteraskingallthemaidensofthelandtosingtheendoftheballad.”TheoperawasfirstperformedinVienna,AustriaonDecember29,2016,wherethentheelevenyearoldskillfullyswitchedbetweenthepianoandtheviolinandreceivedenthusiasticreviews.Theyounggeniushassinceperformedtwonewpianoworks,oneinAustriaandtheotherinChina.Whilethismayappeartobealotforsomeonesoyoung,Almaisnotworried.Shesays,“OfcourseIhavetoworkhard.Butallchildrenhavetoworkhardforexams,andatleastwhenIworkhard,Iworkhardforsomethingincrediblyexciting,likeseeingmywholeoperaputonstage.”Alma"smusicaltalentfirstcametolightbeforeshecouldeventalk.Herparentsrecallthatasan18montholdtoddler,shewasabletohumapitchperfectversionofthechildren"srhymeTwinkleTwinkleLittleStar.However,Alma"sabilitiesonlygainedinternationalattentionin2012，afterafamilyfriendpostedavideoonlineparinghertoMozart.ThefamilywassuddenlyswampedwithmediarequestsandAlmabecameanovernightstar,dubbed“littleMozart”.Thisnicknamemakesherparentsunhappybecausetheybelieveitputsaddedpressureontheyounggirl.Theywouldinsteadpreferhertobecalled“aposerandmusician”．Almadoesnotwanttobeparedtothefamousartisteither,saying,“TherewasonlyoneMozart,andIprefertobelittleAlma.”Regardlessofwhatshecallsherself,thethirteenyearoldischangingtheworldofmusicforever!1．WhatdoweknowaboutAlmaDeutscher? A．Sheesfromafamousmusicalfamily.B．Shehasshowngreatmusicaltalentfromayoungage.C．SheregularlyperformstheclassicalmusicofMozart.D．Shehasadaptedsomefamousworksofclassicalmusic.2．HowdidAlmagettobewidelyknown?A．Throughanonlinevideo.B．Byperformingontelevision.C．Byputtingonanopera.D．Throughherparents"promotion.3．WhatisAlma"sattitudetowardhersuccess?A．Sheisstillunsatisfiedwithherperformance.B．Sheisunfortablewithsomuchpressure.C．Sheismodestabouthermusicalachievements.D．Sheisproudtohavebeeaprofessionalmusician.4．WhatcanweinferaboutAlma"sparents?A．Theyareverywelleducatedpeople.B．Theyareprotectiveoftheirdaughter.C．TheyhavepushedAlmatotakeupmusic.D．TheyhavemadeagoodlifeplanforAlma.答案：【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了拥有惊人音乐天赋的小女孩阿尔玛，她在出名之后被称为“小莫扎特”，但她却直言：“莫扎特只有一个，我更想成为小阿尔玛。”1．B　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段第三句可知，阿尔玛六岁创作出第一部音乐作品，七岁创作第一部短歌剧，十岁在《灰姑娘》基础上创作第一部足本歌剧，由此可以推知，阿尔玛从小就有极高的音乐天赋。2．A　解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句可知，阿尔玛的一个家庭朋友将阿尔玛的视频上传到网上，并将她与莫扎特相比，从而使其在2012年得到国际的关注。3．C　解析：推理判断题。第一段第三句中的thismodestyoungster，以及最后一段中阿尔玛说“莫扎特只有一个”，说明她不想被拿来和著名艺术家作比较，由此可以推知，她对自己的音乐成绩是谦虚的。故选C项。4．B　解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后两句话可知，父母认为名声过大会给阿尔玛带来压力，而且更喜欢女儿被称为“作曲家和音乐家”。由此可以推知，他们保护女儿的成长。