2019高考英语语法突破四大篇第二部分专题2形容词和副词课件 116页

Grammar第二部分词法篇——名词、形容词和副词专题1名词专题2形容词和副词 PART1高频考点清单PART2重温高考真题PART3热考点集训专题2形容词和副词PART4综合演练 PART1高频考点清单 框架结构图 形容词和副词的功能1.形容词的功能：形容词主要是用来修饰名词或代词，说明事物或人的性质、特征、状态，在句中：①作定语修饰名词或代词，说明其性质、特征等；②作表语与连系动词构成系表结构，说明主语的性质或特征；③作补足语说明宾语或主语的性质、状态或特征；④作状语主要表示原因、伴随等。⑤作独立成分。2.副词的功能：副词作状语说明动作性质或状态的特征，常用来修饰动词、形容词、副词、介词短语及整个句子等。 1.形容词和副词的位置形容词是用来修饰名词的，常被放在名词前作定语，或放在系动词后面作表语。而副词则是用来修饰形容词、动词、其他副词或者句子的，一般位于形容词之前，动词之后或句子之首。以下属几种特殊情况，须牢记：(1)形容词短语作定语，须后置。ataskdifficulttofinish形容词和副词的核心考点 (2)表语形容词(afraid，alike，alone，asleep，awake，alive等)作定语，须后置，如amanalive。有些表身体健康状况的形容词如well，faint，ill只作表语；sick既可作表语又可作定语。ill如果不是表示身体或精神上“不适的”“不健康的”“有病的”等，而是表示类似bad(不好的)的意思时，通常只作定语。He’sbeenillsincethen.Byillluck，myflighthadbeencancelled.(3)形容词用作定语，修饰由不定代词one，no，any，some和every构成的复合词如anything，something等时，通常后置。Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.(4)else常用作疑问代词和不定代词的后置定语。(5)enough修饰名词前置或后置均可；修饰形容词、动词或副词时，必须后置。 (6)几个副词并列作状语时，其顺序较灵活，但一般是：方式→地点→时间。WehadagoodtimetogetheroutdoorslastSunday.(7)频度副词如often，always，usually等放在be动词后，行为动词前。(8)副词作定语，须后置。Thepersonthereiswaitingforyou.(9)几个并列的形容词作定语，其语序通常为：限定词(包括冠词、所有格、人称代词、指示代词、数词等)＋观点词(品质、状态，即表示好、坏、美、丑等的词)＋形状或样式词(大小、长短或高低词)＋年龄或新旧词＋颜色词＋产地或来源词＋材料或种类词＋用途词＋名词。aheavyblackChinesesteelumbrella (10)以-ly结尾的词性辨析。①下列单词以-ly结尾，但却是形容词而非副词：lively，lonely，lovely，deadly，friendly，ugly，silly，likely，brotherly，timely等。②表原意(无-ly)和引申意(有-ly)的副词：deep深deeply深入地wide宽广widely广泛地 high高highly高度地low位置低lowly地位卑微地 dead完全，绝对bedeadasleepdeadly非常bedeadlytiredpretty相当beprettycertainthat...prettily漂亮地beprettilydressedclose近Don’tsitclose.closely密切地Watchclosely！late晚，迟arrivelate，elatelately最近Ihaven’tseenhimlately.③有无-ly意义大不相同的副词： 2.形容词和副词的比较等级(1)原级的构成和用法。构成：形容词、副词的原级即本身。用法：表示双方在程度、性质、特征等某方面相等时，用“as＋原级形容词/副词＋as”的结构；表示双方不相等时，用“notso/as＋原级形容词/副词＋as”的结构；表示一方是另一方的若干倍时，用“倍数＋as＋原级形容词/副词＋as”的结构。XiaoWangisastallasXiaoYu.MissXuspeaksEnglishasfluentlyasyou.Thisbuildinglooksnotso/ashighasthatone.Thisroomisthreetimesaslargeasthatone. (2)比较级和最高级的构成。掌握比较级和最高级的变化规则，熟记少数不符合规则的特殊形容词和副词。(3)比较级的用法。①表示一方超过另一方时，用“比较级＋than”的结构表示。Thispictureismorebeautifulthanthatone.②表示一方不及另一方时，用“less＋原级＋than”的结构表示。Thisroomislessbeautifulthanthatone.③表示一方超过另一方的程度或数量时，可在比较级前加表示程度的状语，如even，alot，abit，alittle，still，much，far，yet，byfar等修饰。Heworksevenharderthanbefore. 注意：(A)英语的比较级前如无even，still或yet等时，译成汉语时可用“较”或“……一些”或不译出，一般不可用“更”。Sheisbetterthanshewasyesterday.她今天身体好些了。Pleaseeearliertomorrow.请明天早点来。(B)byfar通常用于强调最高级。用于比较级时，一般放在比较级的后面，如在前面，应在二者中间加“the”。Heistallerbyfarthanhisbrother.Heisbyfarthetallerofthetwobrothers. ④表示一方随另一方的程度而变化时，用“the＋比较级(主语＋谓语)，the＋比较级(主语＋谓语)”的结构(意为“越……就越……”)。Theharderheworks，thehappierhefeels.⑤不与其他事物相比，表示本身程度的改变时，用“比较级＋and＋比较级”的结构。Theweatherisgettingcolderandcolder.⑥某些以-ior结尾的形容词进行比较时，用to代替than。这些词有inferior(劣等的，次的)，superior(较好的，优于……)，junior(资历较浅的)，senior(资格较老的)，prior(在……之前)等。HeissuperiortoMrZhanginchemistry. ⑦在比较从句中为了避免重复，我们通常用that(those)，one(ones)代替前面出现的名词。that指物，one既可指人又可指物；that可代替单数可数名词(相当于theone)和不可数名词，而one只能代替可数名词。Thebookonthetableismoreinterestingthanthat(或theone)onthedesk.I’mafraidAlice’stheonlyonewhocandoit.⑧倍数表达法。(A)Aisthree(four，etc.)timesthesize(height，length，etc.)ofB.Thenewbuildingisfourtimesthesize(theheight)oftheoldone.(B)Aisthree(four，etc.)timesasbig(high，long，etc.)asB.AsiaisfourtimesaslargeasEurope. (C)Aisthree(four，etc.)timesbigger(higher，longer，etc.)thanB.Yourschoolisthreetimesbiggerthanours.注意：用times表倍数通常用于三倍以上，两倍可以用twice或double。(4)最高级的用法。①三者或三者以上相比，表示最高程度时，用“the＋最高级”的结构表示。这种句式一般常有表示比较范围的介词短语。ZhangHuaisthetallestofthethree.Heworks(the)hardestinhisclass.②最高级可被序数词以及much，byfar，nearly，almost，bynomeans，notquite，notreally等词或短语修饰。Thishatisbyfar/much/nearly/almost/notreally/bynomeans/notquitethebiggest. ③表示“最高程度”的形容词，如excellent，extreme，perfect等，没有最高级，也不能用比较级。④形容词最高级修饰作表语或介词宾语的名词、代词时，被修饰的词往往省略。Heisthetallest(boy)inhisclass.⑤作状语的副词最高级前可以不加定冠词。Ofalltheboyshecame(the)earliest.⑥否定词＋比较级＝最高级Hehasneverspentamoreworryingday.(5)形容词和副词前面使用冠词的情况。①形容词最高级前一般要加定冠词，副词最高级前可不加冠词。 ②形容词最高级前有时加不定冠词，或不加冠词，不表比较，表示“非常”。Heisamostcleveryoungpoliceman.(amost＝very)Thefilmismostinteresting.(most＝very)③表示两者间“较……的一个”，比较级前加the。Whoistheolderofthetwoboys?④在“the＋比较级...，the＋比较级...”结构中，可用省略形式。Themore，thebetter.(6)由as组成的形容词或副词短语。①asmuchas＋不可数名词　数量多达……Eachstoneweighsasmuchasfifteentons.Shecouldearnasmuchas100dollarsaweek. ②asmanyas＋可数名词复数　数量多达……Ihaveasmanyassixteenreferencebooks.③asearlyas早在AsearlyasthetwelfthcenturytheEnglishbegantoinvadetheisland.④asfaras远到；就……而知(论)Wemightgoasfaras(远到)thechurchandback.AsfarasIknow(据我所知)，hehasbeentherebefore.⑤may(might，could)aswell不妨，不如Thenyoumightaswellstaywithushere.⑥as...asonecan尽某人所能的……Hebegantorun，asfastashecould. ⑦as...aspossible尽可能……的Justgetthemtofinishupasquicklyaspossible. 3.几组重要的词语辨析(1)very和much的区别。①可分等级的形容词和副词前使用very不用much。②表示状态的分词形容词前用very。如averyfrightenedboy，averytiredchild，averyplicatedproblem。一般情况下，以-ing，-ed结尾的分词形容词多用much，verymuch，greatly等修饰。WeweregreatlyshockedbythenewsaboutTom.IwasmuchamusedbyJack’sattitude.③已转化为形容词的现在分词前用very。如：veryinteresting/worrying/exciting。 ④too前用much，alot或far，不用very。如：Youaremuch/far/alottoonice.另外，在toomany/much，toofew/little前可用far。There’sfartoolittleopportunityforadventurethesedays.We’vegotfartoomanyeggsandfartoofeweggcups.⑤关于原级形容词要记住下列固定的修饰结构：(A)修饰“绝对”意义的形容词，一般不用very，而用quite，pletely，well，entirely。如：quitewrong(mistaken，sure)，pletelydead，quiteimpossible，quiteperfect等。(B)修饰以a-开头的形容词，多有特殊的修饰词：quitealone，verymuchalone，wideawake，fastasleep，verymuchafraid。(C)修饰一些特殊形容词的修饰语有：bewellworth，muchthesame，freezingcold，quitedifferent，terriblycold/frightening。 (2)so...that...与such...that...的区别。so＋形容词/副词＋that...so＋形容词＋a(n)＋可数名词单数＋that...so＋many/few＋复数名词＋that...so＋much/little(少)＋不可数名词＋that...such＋a(n)＋形容词＋可数名词单数＋that...such＋形容词＋不可数名词＋that...such＋形容词＋复数名词＋that... 注意：下列结构中只能用so不可用such：当名词前有many，much，little，few等表示“多、少”的词修饰时，如somuchprogress，somanypeople，solittlefood，sofewapples等。但当little表示“小”时用such，如：Thesearesuchlittleboysthattheycan’tdressthemselves.下列短语中so的用法是错误的：soadifficultproblem，sodifficultproblems，sohotweather。(3)其他几组词的辨析。①ago，before：ago表示以现在为起点的“以前”；before指以过去或将来的某时刻为起点的“以前”。泛指“以前”用before而不用ago。②already，yet，still：already表示某事已经发生；yet表示期待某事发生；still表示某事还在进行，主要用于肯定句。 ③too，also，either：too和also用于肯定句，too多用于口语，also多用于书面语；either用于否定句。④good，well：与good不同的是，well作形容词用，只能在系动词后作表语，表示“身体状况好的”；well还可作副词修饰动词。⑤quick，fast：作形容词皆表示“快的”。fast多指运动的物体，含持续的意思；quick多指一次动作的敏捷、突然，而且持续的时间较短。⑥real，true：作形容词皆表示“真的”。real强调真实存在的而不是幻想的，在句中常作定语；true指与事实标准和实际情况相符合，在句中作表语或定语。⑦hard，difficult：均表示“困难”，但hard通常指体力上困难；difficult则指智力或技能上的困难，困难程度大于hard。它们都可作定语和表语。 1.搭配错误(误)Judgingfromhissadlyface...(正)Judgingfromhissadface...(误)LittleTomfeltverysadly.(正)LittleTomfeltverysad.(误)Youwillgetwarmweled.(正)Youwillgetwarmlyweled.书面表达中形容词和副词易错点聚焦 2.汉语干扰，词性混乱(1)形容词误作动词(误)HeeagertoknoweverythingaboutChina.(正)Heis eagertoknoweverythingaboutChina.(2)形容词与名词混淆(误)Thesportteachesustheimportantofobedience.(正)Thesportteachesustheimportanceofobedience.(3)形容词与副词混淆(误)Unfortunate，manypeopleareignorantofit.(正)Unfortunately，manypeopleareignorantofit. 3.比较级的错误表达(误)Thesealevelisrisingmore and more high.(误)Thesealevelisrisingmore and more higher.(正)Thesealevelisrisinghigher and higher. PART2重温高考真题 Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.Runningischeap，easyandit’salways(energy).(2018·全国Ⅰ)答案解析解析连系动词is后接形容词作表语，故填energy的形容词形式energetic。energetic考向1词形变换之形容词12345678 2.AccordingtotheWorldBank，Chinaaccountsforabout30percentoftotal(globe)fertilizerconsumption.(2018·全国Ⅱ)答案解析解析fertilizerconsumption是名词短语，故应该用形容词修饰。故填global。global12345678 3.Theobviousoneismoney;eatingoutonceortwiceaweekmaybe_________(afford)butdoingthismostdaysaddsup.(2018·浙江)答案解析解析根据前面的be可知，此处是系表结构，应用形容词；根据eatingoutonceortwiceaweek并结合常识可知应是“付得起(affordable)”。affordable12345678 4.Havingenoughfatandsaltinyourmealswillreducetheurgetosnack(吃点心)betweenmealsandwillimprovethetasteofyourfood.However，be(care)nottogotoextremes.(2017·全国Ⅰ)答案解析解析be之后接形容词作表语，care的形容词形式是careful。careful12345678 5.TheCentralLondonRailwaywasoneofthemost(success)ofthesenewlines，andwasopenedin1900.(2017·全国Ⅱ)答案解析解析“oneofthe＋形容词最高级＋可数名词复数”表示“最……的……之一”，此处应填success的形容词形式successful。successful12345678 6.Butsomethingmadeherlookcloser，andshenoticeda(shine)object.(2017·浙江)答案解析解析空格处修饰名词object，故用形容词。shine的形容词形式为shiny或shining，意为“闪闪发光的”。shiny/shining12345678 7.Shewasavery(care)mother.For25days，sheneverleftherbaby，noteventofindsomethingtoeat！(2016·四川)答案解析解析空格处修饰名词mother，故用形容词。care的形容词是caring(照料他人的)或careful(细心的)。在此，两个形容词在语意上都能讲得通。caring/careful12345678 8.As(nature)architects，thePuebloIndiansfiguredoutexactlyhowthicktheadobewallsneededtobetomakethecycleworkonmostdays.(2015·全国Ⅱ)答案解析解析修饰名词architects，故要用形容词形式。natural12345678 Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)1.Ifelthappilythattheirlifehadimproved.(2018·全国Ⅰ)答案解析解析feel在此处是连系动词，后接形容词作表语。happy1234567 2.Iwasafraidtospeakinfrontofalargergroupofpeople.(2018·全国Ⅲ)答案解析解析句意为：我不敢在一大群人面前说话。这里没有比较的意味，故把larger改为large。large1234567 3.ItwasareliefandIcametoasuddenlystopjustinthemiddleoftheroad.(2017·全国Ⅰ)答案解析解析此处stop是名词，名词前用形容词修饰，所以把suddenly改为sudden。sudden1234567 4.Ienjoyedstudyingdifferencekindsofcarsandplanes，playingpopmusic，andcollectingthelatestmusicalbums.(2017·全国Ⅲ)答案解析解析形容词修饰名词kinds。different1234567 5.Atonetime，Ievenfeltmyparentscouldn’tunderstandmesoIhopedIcouldbefreelyfromthem.(2016·全国Ⅲ)答案解析解析此处应用形容词作表语。free1234567 6.Lotsofstudieshaveshownthatglobalwarminghasalreadybeeaveryseriouslyproblem.(2015·全国Ⅰ)答案解析解析名词前应该用形容词作定语。故seriously应改为serious。serious1234567 7.Ithoughtthebiscuitswerereallywell.(2015·陕西)答案解析解析句意为：我认为饼干真的很好。good作形容词，意为“好的”，而well作形容词意为“健康的，适宜的”。由句意可知此处应用good。good1234567 Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.Atasteformeatis(actual)behindthechange：Animportantpartofitscornisusedtofeedchickens，pigs，andcattle.(2018·全国Ⅱ)答案解析解析句意为：对肉的需求实际上是这种变化的背后原因。句子结构完整，用副词修饰整个句子。故填actually。actually考向2词形变换之副词234156789 2.Steamengineswereusedtopullthecarriagesanditmusthavebeen______(fair)unpleasantforthepassengers，withallthesmokeandnoise.(2017·全国Ⅱ)答案解析解析所填词修饰形容词unpleasant，故用fair的副词形式fairly。fairly234156789 3.Itis(certain)funbutthelifestyleisalittleunreal.(2017·全国Ⅲ)答案解析解析此处应该用副词来修饰形容词fun。certain的副词形式为certainly。certainly234156789 4.Fromtomorrow，IwillbetheirUKambassador.Thetitlewillbe_________(official)giventomeataceremonyinLondon.(2016·全国Ⅰ)答案解析解析修饰谓语动词应当用副词。officially234156789 5.Foodinsmallpiecescouldbeeateneasilywithtwigswhich(gradual)turnedintochopsticks.(2016·全国Ⅲ)答案解析解析此处应用副词修饰动词。gradually234156789 6.Chinesescientists(recent)hadachancetostudyawildfemalepandawithanewbornbaby.(2016·四川)答案解析解析空格处修饰动词短语hadachance，应用副词。recent的副词形式是recently。recently234156789 7.Abercrombie&Kent，atravelpanyinHongKong，saysit_________(regular)arrangesquickgetawayshereforpeoplelivinginShanghaiandHongKong.(2015·全国Ⅰ)答案解析解析空格处修饰谓语动词arrange，要用副词形式regularly。regularly234156789 8.Wallsmadeofadobetakeintheheatfromthesunonhotdaysandgiveoutthatheat(slow)duringcoolnights，thuswarmingthehouse.(2015·全国Ⅱ)答案解析解析修饰谓语动词giveout，因此要用副词形式。slowly234156789 9.Heownedafarm，whichlookedalmostabandoned.(lucky)，healsohadacowwhichproducedmilkeveryday.(2015·广东)答案解析解析第二句句意为：幸运的是，他还有一头奶牛，每天都能产奶。luckilyadv.幸运的是，这里用副词修饰整个句子。Luckily234156789 Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)1.Immediate，Iraisedmyhand.(2018·全国Ⅲ)答案解析解析此处要用副词在句中作状语修饰整个句子，故把immediate改为immediately。Immediately12345 2.ThefirsttimeIwentthere，theywerelivinginasmallhousewithdogs，ducks，andotheranimals.LastwinterwhenIwenthereagain，theyhadabigseparatehousetoraisedozensofchickens.(2018·全国Ⅰ)答案解析解析去乡下看望爷爷奶奶，应该是“远指”而非“近指”，故把here改为there。there12345 3.Instead，hehopesthathisbusinesswillgrowsteady.(2016·全国Ⅰ)答案解析解析修饰谓语动词用副词。steadily12345 4.DadandIwereterribleworried.(2015·全国Ⅱ)答案解析解析worried为形容词化了的过去分词，修饰形容词应该用副词，所以将terrible改为terribly。terribly12345 5.Ontheleft-handsideoftheclass，Icouldeasyseethefootballfield.(2015·浙江)答案解析解析修饰动词see要用副词，故将easy改为easily。easily12345 Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.Therecouldbeaneven(high)costonyourhealth.(2018·浙江)答案解析解析“副词even＋比较级”表示“更……”，强调程度。higher考向3形容词和副词的比较等级12345 2.Accordingtoareviewofevidenceinamedicaljournal，runnerslivethreeyears(long)thannon-runners.(2018·全国Ⅰ)答案解析解析医学报告显示：经常跑步的人比不跑步的人多活三年。根据than可知用比较级，故填longer。longer12345 3.Asaresult，peoplewilleatmorefoodtotrytomakeupforthatsomethingmissing.Even(bad)，theamountoffastfoodthatpeopleeatgoesup.(2017·全国Ⅰ)答案解析解析根据语境可知，此处表示程度的加深，所以用比较级形式。evenworse更糟的是，可以看作固定搭配。worse12345 4.Sixteenyears(early)，Pahlssonhadremovedthediamondringtocookameal.(2017·浙江)答案解析解析sixteenyearsearlier意为“早在16年前”。earlier12345 5.Ifyoufeelstressedbyresponsibilitiesatwork，youshouldtakeastepbackandidentify(识别)thoseof(great)andlessimportance.(2016·全国Ⅱ)答案解析解析根据后面的andless可知，此处也要用比较级形式。greater12345 Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)1.Theyoftengetupearlierandwaterthevegetablestogether.(2017·全国Ⅱ)解析解析此处叙述他们经常早起这一事实，没有比较的意思，故不用比较级。答案early1234 2.Theywerealsothebestandworseyearsinmylife.(2016·全国Ⅲ)解析解析与前面的best并列，此处应用最高级。答案worst1234 3.ThedishesthatIcookedwereMom’sfavoritest.(2016·四川)解析解析favorite没有比较级和最高级。答案favorite1234 4.Mymummakesthebetterbiscuitsintheworld，soIdecidedtoaskherforhelp.(2015·陕西)解析解析前面有定冠词the，后面有表示范围的intheworld，所以应该用形容词的最高级，故将better改为best。答案best1234 Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.Pahlssonscreamedloudlythatherdaughtercamerunningfromthehouse.(2017·浙江)答案解析解析分析句子结构可知，so与后面的that构成句型so...that...，意为“如此……以至于……”。so修饰副词loudly。so考向4易混淆形容词、副词与特殊结构中的副词 2.ItwasraininglightlywhenIarrivedinYangshuojustbeforedawn.ButIdidn’tcare.Afewhours，I’dbeenathomeinHongKong，withitschokingsmog.(2015·全国Ⅰ)答案解析解析由语境可知，几个小时之前我还在香港的家中，由此可知before/earlier符合句意。before/earlier Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)1.IwassomuchnervousthatIcouldhardlytellwhichdirectionwasleft.(2017·全国Ⅰ)答案解析解析这句话中含有so...that...(如此……以至于……)结构，故much在此处是多余的。12345678 2.Afewminuteslate，theinstructoraskedmetostopthecar.(2017·全国Ⅰ)答案解析解析“一段时间＋later”表示“多长时间之后”，是固定用法。later12345678 3.Muchrareanimalsaredyingout.(2015·全国Ⅰ)Many答案解析解析animals为可数名词复数形式，所以用many修饰；much只能修饰不可数名词。故将Much改为Many。12345678 4.Helikeditsoverymuchthathequicklywalkedintotheshop.(2015·全国Ⅱ)答案解析解析此处为so...that...句式，所以much前用副词so修饰。故删除very。12345678 5.Nearlyfiveyearsbefore，andwiththehelpofourfather，mysisterandIplantedsomecherrytomatoes(圣女果)inourbackgarden.(2014·新课标全国Ⅰ)答案解析解析相对于说话时以前用ago；相对于过去的某个时间或动作之前才用before。故将before改为ago。ago12345678 6.Asaresult，theplantsaregrowingsomewhere.(2014·新课标全国Ⅰ)everywhere答案解析解析somewhere意为“某处”，而句意为“植物到处生长”，故somewhere应改为everywhere。12345678 7.Theearlymorningbarkinghasbeendisturbingusasweareoftenupallnightwiththebaby.Beside，Cleotendstobarkanaverageofsixhoursaday.(2014·辽宁)答案解析解析此处表示“此外，而且”，应用besides。beside在……旁边。Besides12345678 8.Wedon’tneedtodosomanyhomework.(2014·新课标全国Ⅱ)much解析homework是不可数名词，修饰不可数名词用much不用many。12345678答案解析 PART3热考点集训 Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.HespoketomeinEnglishandstartedexplaininghispastlifewhenhewas(health).2.Itmighthavemadeitalittle(hard)foreverybodybecauseitmeanttheyhadtoturnaround，butthatdidn’tstopthekidsintheclass.3.Lostinthetune，hecamesuddenlyupona(home)beggarlyinginthemidstofthesidewalk.Hereacheddown，touchedthebeggar’scheek，andlefta100-dollarbilltohim.4.Themorewedoforthepeople，the(happy)we’llbe.5.Thelyricsofthesongsmakerapmusic(true)unique.查看答案healthyharderhappierhomelesstruly 6.Somepoliticianshavebeenquicktodescribetheeventassimple________(violence)action.7.Theywere(clear)long-standingcustomers，andIsupposetheymusthavestayed(faith)tohimbecausehehadpromisedtosellfruitofgoodquality.8.Theconclusionsarecontainedintheagency’s(late)report.9.Theteacherreplied，“Youtastedthewater.Itastedthegift.Thewaterwassimplythecontainerforanactofkindnessandlove.Nothingcouldbe(sweet).”10.ForsomereasonhesatbesideMary.Maryfelt(please)，becausethereweremanyemptyseatsintheroom.查看答案violentclearlylatestfaithfulsweeterpleased Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)1.Thatistoomuchforus，consideringhowcloselythehousesare.2.Don’tpanicorgetoutofline，andtrytoremainquietandcalmly.3.Beside，Cleoalsohasagiftforpainting.4.Nooneinthecarriagehadpreviousspokentoorevennoticedtheticket-ownerbefore.5.Myunclesimmediatejumpedupandshottheirarrowsatthebird.close查看答案calmBesidespreviouslyimmediately 6.Iremembermygrandfatherverymuch.7.Tomakemattersbad，nowIhavetosharearoomwithmyyoungersister，Maggie.8.Iamawfullytiring，butIknowI’llneverfallasleep.9.Todaywehadachemistrytest.Ifoundthetestdifficulty，butItriedhardtodoit.10.Afterwaitingforabouthalfanhour，Iwasbeginningtogetimpatiently.well/clearly查看答案worsetireddifficultimpatient 查看答案Ⅲ.语法填空(形容词和副词专练)Idon’tthinkthereismuch1.(difficult)inlearningEnglishwell，becauseaslongasyoumasterthemethodandworkhard，youcanmakeprogress2.(rapid).Ibelievethatthe3.(hard)youworkatyourstudy，thegreaterprogressyouwillmake.Forexample，LiPing，afriendofmine，isthe4.hard-workingstudentinourclass，andhegets5._______(high)marksthananyotherstudentinourclassineveryEnglishtest.difficultyrapidlyhardermosthigher Ledbyhim，allthestudentsinourclassarestudyingEnglishharder6.before.Asaresult，inthe7.(late)Englishtest，ourclasswasthe8.(good)ofthetwoclassestaughtbyourEnglishteacher，andthenumberofstudentswhogotexcellentmarksistwice9.(large)thanthatoftheother.10.，allofusshouldstudyhardnomatterwhatwelearn.查看答案thanlatestbetterlargerTherefore PART4综合演练词法篇——名词、形容词和副词 Ⅰ.单句语法填空(一)1.Ronhada(success)careerandworkedforFordbeforeretiringandleadingarelaxedlife.2.ThePalaceMuseumhasa(collect)of96millionpiecesofancientChineseartworks.3.ItwasabadnightforLouis.Hisresearchintheneighboringtowntook________(long)thanhehadexpected.4.Thatnight，Ifellasleepwithanew(appreciate)formymotherandhercaringhands.查看答案successfulcollectionappreciationlonger 5.Ifwecarryourburdensallthetime，soonerorlater，astheburdenbees(increasing)heavy，wewon’tbeabletocarryon.6.Hedidn’tputthethingswheretheybelonged，forwhichreasonhegothis(punish).7.Astheycouldn’tplayoutdoors，theywere(happy)，andsomeevengotintofightsfromtimetotime.8.Theuniversityisveryfamous，sotherearealotof(applicant)whowanttobeadmittedtoit.9.Myauntadvisedsendingmetothehospital，andthetreatmentsheprovidedgavemyparents(value)timetotakemetothehospital.查看答案increasinglypunishmentapplicantsunhappyvaluable 10.Hisfriendadvisedhimtowritedowntheuseful(express)inhisnotebooksothathecouldusethemwhennecessary.11.Wecanstartthehabitbywritinglearningsummariesandremembertorecordsomething(impress)andmeaningful.12.Asuddenstopcanbeaveryfrighteningexperience，(especial)ifyouaretravellingathighspeed.13.MuchsimplerasChinesegrammaris，Chinesehasatoneandwritingsystemthatismoredifficultfor(learn)tomaster.查看答案expressionsimpressivelearnersespecially 14.LittleTommyisreallyhardtodealwith.Youcan’tfinda(noisy)boyintheclass.15.Whenyouarefacedwithchallenges，youshouldbelievethat___________(confident)iswhatmakesadifference.查看答案noisierconfidence (二)16.Ofallthecitiesintheworld，oneofthetopsix(healthy)citiesisCopenhagen，Denmark.17.Atthepressconference，agovernmentspokesmanexpressedhisgreatconcernforthe(safe)ofthethreetrappedworkers.18.MyapplicationwassuccessfulandIspenta(n)(enjoy)monthlearningfilm-making.19.I’msureitisofgreatusetokeepadiaryinEnglishforthe_____________(improve)ofwritingabilities.查看答案healthiestsafetyimprovementenjoyable 20.(surprising)，whenIgothome，Ifoundawet$20billstucktotheground.21.In1971，afternearlytwohundred(failure)，Tu’steamfoundanextractthatwas100%effectiveagainstthemalariaparasites—artemisinin.22.Itmaynotbeagreatsuggestion.Butbeforea(good)oneisputforward，we’llmakedowithit.23.Youmayfindtoyour(amaze)thatthereismorekindnessinyourmunitythanyoueverbelievedpossible.查看答案Surprisinglyfailuresamazementbetter 24.Thescientistssaythatthecurrentwarmingcouldhavethesameeffectonmammalsandcouldevenmakehumans(small).25.WhenthedognamedJudyspottedthefirstsheepinherlife，shedidwhates(natural).查看答案smallernaturally Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)(一)1.OnedayinSeniorGrade1，IhappenedtoseeanEnglishmovienamedSpeed.ItwassointerestedthatIwatcheditagainandagain.2.Mumtaughtmesomebasicstepofbaking.3.WhenMrTangslowlywentintotheclassroom，wecouldseeclearthatitwashardforhimtoleaveusthoughhehadtaughtusforonlythreemonths.interestingstepsclearly查看答案 4.Afterafewmonths，weallfeltthatwehadbeenabletobuildmuchstrongrelationshipswiththefamilythanwehadbefore.5.Afterall，onlybyworkinghardlycanonesucceed.6.WithoutMotherandFather’slove，Iwouldn’tbeleadingsuchahappilylifenow.7.Manyyoungboysandgirlshavethehabitofsmoking，thoughtheyaremiddleschoolstudent.strongerhardhappystudents查看答案 8.AlittlechildisgreatfunandIliketoplaywithhimorhercheerful.9.Afterthebathhelookedenergyandrefreshed.10.Mymindlesswordsmusthavehurthimdeep.11.Therearesomuchtomatoesthatweoftensharethemwithourneighbors.12.Isawanoldladycryingsadbecauseshehadlostherticketandwasnotabletoaffordanotherone.13.Ihavefoundyourtipsonteachingsousefully.cheerfullyenergeticdeeplymany查看答案sadlyuseful 14.Also，activityarearrangedforyoutospendweekendstogetherwithyourhostfamily，soyoucanlearnAmericanEnglishinauthenticsituations.15.Youcanneverbetoocarelesswhencrossingthestreet.activitiescareful查看答案 (二)16.I’dliketogiveyousomeadvicesonhowtolearnChinesewell.17.Ihavefoundthatsomeofmyclassmatesstudydeeplyintothenight.18.IalsoreadnewsandwatchvideosontheInternetandfromothersource.19.IhavealotoffunespecialwhenlearningEnglishwithcartoonmovies.20.Myfatherdidn’trealizetheseriousofdrivingacarafterdrinking.advicedeepsourcesespecially查看答案seriousness 21.Ifyouonlylearngrammarrulesbyheartanddon’tdoenoughexercise，it’scertainthatyoucan’tunderstandthelanguageperfectly.22.Luckyforme，myparentscanunderstandmystressfulconditionandoftenmunicatewithmewithencouragingwords.23.Arecentsurveyshowsthatmanystudentshavegotintosomebadlivinghabit，whichdogreatharmtotheirhealth.exercisesLuckilyhabits查看答案 24.Aslongasyouformhealthhabitsandkeepthem，you’llhaveastrongbodyandliveahealthylife.25.Mydreamistobeeasuccessfuldoctor，helpingtosavepeoplelives.healthypeople’s查看答案 Ⅲ.语法填空(2018·广西自治区二模)Chinamaybehometoboththelongestandhighestbridgesintheworld,1.neitherisaspioneeringastheNanjingYangtzeRiverBridge.2.(build)duringthe1960’s，thedouble-deckedbridge3._____________(consider)innovativewhenitwaspletedin1968.解析3解析2解析1答案but/yetBuiltwasconsidered 解析考查连词。前一句中说中国也许有世界上最长和最高的桥，后面说没有一座桥能够与南京长江大桥一样具有开创性，两个句子之间是转折关系，故填表示转折的并列连词but/yet。返回 解析考查非谓语动词。句意为：这座双层桥建于20世纪60年代，于1968年竣工时被认为是具有创新精神的。分析句子结构可知，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，动词build和主语thedouble-deckedbridge之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词。故填Built。返回 解析考查动词的时态和语态。句意见上题解析。分析句子结构可知，该空是句子的谓语，consider和主语之间是被动关系，根据时间状语“whenitwaspletedin1968”可知要用一般过去时，所以此处应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填wasconsidered。返回 Butmoreimportantlytosome，itwasalsothefirstmodernbridgetobedesignedandbuiltbyChinawithouthelpfromforeign4.(architect).“Thebridgewassoimportantthatit’sundoubtedlyasymbolofthecity，”saidLuAndong，aprofessoratNanjingUniversity’sSchoolofArchitectureandUrbanPlanning.“Itisbeingrepaired5.transportationandsafetypurposes，butIwouldexpectthechance6.(transform)thebridge’stowerandtheattachedparkintoplacesofmemory.”Withalengthofover5,000feet，thebridge7.(carry)bothcarsandtrains.8.(it)upperdeckisafour-lanehighwaywithsidewalks，whiletherailwaytracksarenowpartoftheBeijing-Shanghaitrainroute.解析8解析7解析6解析5解析4答案architectsfortotransformcarriesIts 解析考查名词单复数。句意为：更重要的是，这也是第一座没有外国建筑师的帮助、由中国自行设计和建造的现代桥梁。architect是可数名词，意为“建筑师”，前面没有冠词和限定词，所以要用复数形式。故填architects。返回 解析考查介词。句意为：出于运输和安全的考虑，该桥正在检修，但我希望这是一次把桥塔和附属的公园变成记忆之地的机会。for...purpose为固定搭配，意为“为……目的”。故填for。返回 解析考查非谓语动词。句意见上题解析。thechancetodosth.为固定搭配，意为“做某事的机会”。故填totransform。返回 解析考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意为：大桥长度超过5000英尺，既有汽车通过，也有火车通过。分析句子结构可知，设空处应为谓语动词，陈述了南京长江大桥的特点，所以要用一般现在时，且thebridge是第三人称单数形式，因此，谓语动词也应用单数形式。故填carries。返回 解析考查代词。句意为：它的上层是一条四车道并带有人行道的公路，而铁轨则是京沪火车路线的一部分。名词upperdeck需要用形容词性物主代词修饰，故填Its。返回 “Everybodylovesthebridge，”saidWangShiqing，alongtimeNanjingresident9.hascollectedover1,000piecesofNanjingYangtzeRiverBridgesouvenirs.“It’sasourceofpride,10.(especial)forlocalNanjingpeople，”hesays.答案解析10解析9who/thatespecially语篇解读 语篇解读本文对中国的南京长江大桥作了简单的描述，让读者对它有了初步的了解。返回 解析考查定语从句。句意为：“人人都爱这座桥梁。”一位长期住在南京的居民王世青说道。他已收集了超过1000件南京长江大桥的纪念品。设空处是定语从句的引导词，先行词是resident，意为“居民”，指人；关系词在从句中作主语，故填who/that。返回 解析考查词性转换。句意为：这是一种自豪感的来源，尤其是对南京本地人来说。设空处修饰介词短语forlocalNanjingpeople，要用副词。故填especially。返回 Ⅳ.短文改错(2018·山东青岛质检)Goodteachersarelikecandlesthatgiveswarmthandlighttostudents.MissWangisoneofthegoodteacherofmine.IcanstillrememberthatcoldmorningwhenIwaswalkingtoschoolaloneasusually.Amotorbikeknockedmedownandraceoff.Iwasleftontheicyground，criedloudly.或Iwasleftontheicyground，criedloudly.查看答案giveteachersusualraced∧andcrying ItwasMissWangwhosentmetonearesthospital.Besides，shewenttothehospitaltohelpmewiththemissinglessonseveryday.ThemomentwhenIthinkofit，I’llfeelwarm.ButI’dliketobeagoodteacherlikehiminthefuture.missed∧theSo/Andher查看答案