高考英语语法--分词详解课件 14页

分词 V-ing分词概述（一）一作主语Noddingtheheadmeansagreement,whileshakingitmeansdisagreement.Usingbodylanguageinacorrectwaywillhelpcommunicatewithpeopleandmakethestayinaforeigncountryeasyandcomfortable.二作宾语WouldyoumindgivingatalktodayaboutDNA?Ifthepopulationkeepsgrowingsoquickly,therewillonlybestandingroomleftforusnextcentury.三作表语Therealproblemisgettingallthematerialsreadybeforetheendofthismonth.Childrenareafraidofthestonefiguresinthetemplewhichlooksofrightening.四作介词宾语However,mostofthetime,peoplefromthetwocountriesdon’thaveanydifficultyinunderstandingeachother.Hetookalongsomeofhispicturesinthehopeofgettingajobthere.五作宾语补足语ItcouldbeveryinterestingtowatchanArabandanEnglishmantalkingtogether.ThenIlefthimstandingbythecountersohappythatIalmostenviedhim. Notes1．V-ing分词在句中做主语或宾语时，可以带自己的逻辑主语。例如：Therearemanyreasonsforanimalsdyingout,butthemostimportantoneisthepartthathumanshaveplayed.2.V-ing分词的否定式由not或never+V-ing构成。例如：Hewasdisappointedaboutnotbeingabletotakepartinthecompetition.3．V-ing分词有体和语态的变化形式。e.g.Inmanycountrieswithseacoasts,humanwasteispipeddirectlyintotheseawithoutbeingtreated.（一般被动式）Iapologizeforbeingsoangrywithyou.----Iapologizeforhavingbeensoangrywithyou（完成主动式）4．某些动词或只能用分词作宾语。常见的有：mind,escape,miss,practise,suggest,consider,keep,avoid,risk,finish,imagine,dislike,delayetc. ExercisesCompletethefollowingsentences,usingthewordsgiveninV-ingformandtrytotellthefunctionofeach.encourage,joke,barbecue,leave,live,become,cook,declare,forbid,get1.___________atipinarestauranthasbecomeacustominmostcountries.2.Thenewprogrammeofresearch-orientedstudyisaimedat__________studentstoraiseproblemsandthentosolvethemontheirown.3.Tomost,__________foodoverasmokyfirehasbecomeathingofthepast.However,_________remainspopularinAmerica.4.WhenSpaniardsarriveinArizona,theyfoundmanyIndiantribes_____________alongtheriverbanksandinthemountains.5.BritneySpears,PopPrincess,isonherwayto___________oneofthehottestpopstarsintheworld.6.AmaninSouthAfricaislikelytofaceupto25yearsinjailfor____________thathewascarryingabombonanairlineflight.7.ChurchauthoritiesweresurprisedatGalileo’s______________thattheearthmovedaroundthesun.8.Ican’tunderstandtheir______________togototheconcertgivenbytheBackstreetBoys.9.Casesofanthraxhavecausedworldwidefear.Whatpeoplearedoingnowis__________letterscontainingwhitepowderbeforeopeningthem.Leavingencouragingcookingbarbecuinglivingbecomingjokingdeclaringbeingforbiddengetting ExercisesFillinthefollowingblankswiththerightverbforms.Afavouriteamusementinspaceis_______________(play)withone’sfood.Insteadof____________(carry)foodallthewaytotheirmouths,someexperiencedastronautslike________________(throw)foodfromspoons.Although_________(drink)coffeeseemslikethemostnaturalthingonearth,inspaceitwon’t___________(work).Ifyoutried__________(trip)thecupbacktotakeadrink,theweightlesscoffeewouldnot________(roll)out.Ifyoudon’tstart__________________(drink)yourblobwithastraw,itwillattachitselftothenearestwallorwindow.playingcarryingthrowing/tothrowdrinkingworktrippingrolldrinking/todrink V-ing分词概述（二）一作名词的前置修饰语Whentheyreachedtheburningbuilding,theyfoundthattheirladderswerenotlongenoughtoreachthepeoplewhoweretrapped二作名词的后置修饰语EinsteinwasabletoprovethatlightcomingfromthestarswasbentasitpassedtheSun.(comingfromthestars相当于定语从句whichcomesfromthestars.)三作状语1Walkingslowlyacrossthegrass,hepointedthepipeatthelionandfired.（V-ing分词短语表示时间，其逻辑主语是he；walking的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生，相当于While/When(hewas)walkingslowlyacrossthegrass）2DrManette,havingbeenkeptaprisonerintheBastile,Paris‘smostimportantprison,formanyyears,hadrecentlybeensetfree.(V-ing分词短语在句中作时间状语，用的是完成被动式，意思相当于AfterDrManettehadbeenkept…formanyyears….) 3Thepoorofthecitiesandthepeasantsinthecountry,havinglivedsuchahardlifeforsolong,tookuptheirgunsandknifesandbegantokilltherichnobles.(V-ing分词短语表示原因，其完成式表示动作发生在谓语动作之前，其逻辑主语是thepoorofthecitiesandthepeasantsinthecountry，与句子主语一致。)4Thefishhaveverysharpteeth;theycaneatapersonintwominutes,leavingonlythebones.(分词短语作结果状语，其逻辑主语是thefish，与句子主语一致。)5Thespermwhalethereforehastolookforthesquid,usingsoundwaves.(V-ing分词短语表示行为方式；using与句子谓语动词hastolookfor同时发生。)6Pilesofstoneslieinacornerofthecourtyard,waitingtobereplaced.(V-ing分词短语表示与谓语动词lie同时发生的伴随动作；其逻辑主语是pilesofstones，与句子的主语一致。) V-ed分词概述一作表语OnequarteroftheshoresoftheMediterraneanarepolluted.(表示主语所处的状态。)二作宾语补足语1.Thenwetalkwithothers,wemakeourselvesunderstoodnotjustbywords.2.Inthemorningpeoplewokeupandfoundtheworldoutsidetheirhousescompletelychanged.三作名词的前置或后置修饰语1.Whenwearrived,weweregivenprintedquestionpapers.2.Wehadourpicniclunchintheforestnexttoafallentree.(前置。fall是不及物动词，fallen在这里表示主动的完成意义。)3.ItcamefromtheworksongssungbyblackpeopleandhaditsrootsinAfrica.(后置。相当于定语从句…whichweresungbyblackpeople…) 四作状语1Seenfromspace,theearthlooksblue.Thisisbecausetwo-thirdsoftheearth’ssurfaceismadeupofvastoceans.(作时间状语或条件状语，相当于When/Iftheearthisseenfromspace,itlooksblue.)2Wellknownforhisexpertsadvice,hewasabletohelpagreatnumberofpeoplewiththeirpersonalaffairs.(作原因状语，相当于Ashewaswellknownforhisexpertadvice,hewas….)3Bittenbyasnake,youshouldsendforhelp.(作条件状语，相当于Ifyouarebittenbyasnake,youshould….)4Theroom,althoughsupposedtobekeptlocked,wasoftenleftopen.(作让步状语，其逻辑状语是theroom；当过去分词作时间，条件，让步等状语时，其前还可加when,once,if,although等连词.)5“DrWatsonandIwillspendthenight,lockedinyourroom.”(作状语，表示伴随状况或方式。) ExercisesCompleteeachofthefollowingsentencesusingV-ingorV-edforms.1.Whilewewerebackpackinginthemountains,weadmiredthesceneryaroundus.2.Einsteinwasashyperson,sohefoundithardtogetalongwiththeotherboys.3.AspirinwassoldbyaGermancompanyforthefirsttimein1899,butithasbeenaroundmuchlongerthanthat.4.Manyofthetrainsarelikelytobeoperatedbycomputerinthefutureandtheywillhavenodrivers.5.MrHolmesandDrWatsonfollowedthegirlupthestairstoherroom.Thegirlwentupthestairstoherroom,_______________________Backpackinginthemountains,weadmiredthesceneryaroundus.Beingashyperson,hefoundithardtogetalongwiththeotherboys.AlthoughsoldbyaGermancompanyforthefirsttimein1899,ithasbeenaroundmuchlongerthanthat.Ifoperatedbycomputerinthefuture,theywillhavenodrivers.followedbyMrHolmesandDrWatson 6.Afterhehadspentthreehoursdoinghishomework,hewascompletelywornout.7.Whenhewasaskedhowhegainedfirstplace,hesuddenlybecamecheerful.8.TheshipcaughtinaseverestormwastravelingtothewestcoastoftheUnitedKorea.Theship___________________________________________________wascaughtinaseverestorm.9.Holmescarefullyexaminedtheseatofthechair.Thechairstoodagainstthewall.Theseatofthechair________________________wascarefullyexaminedbyHolmes.10.Theboyswalkedroundthetowncentre.Theylookedatthesightsandtookphotos.Theboyswalkedroundthetowncentre,_______________Havingspentthreehoursdoinghishomework,hewascompletelywornout.Whenaskedhowhegainedfirstplace,hesuddenlybecamecheerful.travellingtothewestcoastoftheUnitedStatesfromKoreastandingagainstthewalllookingatthesignsandtakingphotos Correcterrors,ifany,inthefollowingsentences.Putatickifthesentenceiscorrect.1.Feeingtired,soIwenttobedearly.2.Ahusbandandwifeusuallycalleachotherbytheirfirstnameswhenspeakingtotheirfriends.3.IntheBastilleMonsieurDefargefoundtheletterbeingwrittenbyDrManette.4.Havingnevergoneskiing,Idecidedtotakelessons.5.Walkingalongthestreet,Inoticedasmallice-creamstorealmosthiddenbetweenadepartmentstoreandabank6.Carryingaflashlight,thepathcouldbeseenclearly.7.Doingalltheirshopping,theywenthomeforarest.8.Gottothedaycarecentre,shesawherdaughterholdingthenewdollandscreaming.9.DidyounoticethatAlexbehavedquitedifferentlyinmanywayscomparingtousChinese?10.BorninanartisticfamilyinDalian,QinHaiujoinedtheYingkouDramaSchooltolearnPekingOperaattheageoftenandbecameatopstudent.正确去掉Neverhaving正确wecouldseethepathHavingdoneGettingcompared正确 Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformsofthewordsinthebox.Dye,connect,attract,start,cross,live,demand,rise,end,order1.HalloweenisatraditionalholidayintheUKandUSthatfallsonOct.31.Afterdarkchildrengotohouses,___________candyfromtheirneighbours.2._____________byChina’shugeInternetuserpopulationande-commercemarket,theyareplanningtomovetheirheadquartersfromtheUnitedStatestoChina.3.Mywholefamilyhavepromisedtokeeptheirfingers___________whenIgotformyjobinterview.4.ChinajoinedtheWTOonNov.10th,2001,_____________15yearsofnegotiations.5.When___________aconversation,onecanneverasksuchquestionsasthese:Howoldareyou?What’syoursalary?Wheredidyoubuyyournewdress?6.AnnaKournikova,TennisBeauty,isthecenterofpublicattention.Sheissaidtobethemajorreasonforthe__________interestinwomen’stennis.7.Haveyoueverheardofthecustomof_______________Estereggs?ChristianshavelongusedtheeggasthesymbolofChrist’srebirth.8.Somepeopledrinktoomuchalcohol.Someoftheproblems________________withtoomuchdrinkingarepoorhealth,accidentsandcrime.9.HundredsofTurkishfemalecivilservantsworetrouserstoworklastmonthtoprotestagainstadresscode____________womeninpublicsectorstowearskirts.demandingAttractedcrossedendingstartingrisingdyeingconnectedordering Composition请你以为题用英语写一篇100词左右的短文，介绍《21世纪报》。短问须包括下面表格中所提供的内容。报纸名称：21Century，英文报纸出版地点：每周一期报纸内容：每周新闻，今日世界，语言课堂，体育与音乐，学生报导特色：图文并茂目的：学习英语词汇，提高英语水平，获取信息anEnglishlanguagenewspaperItispublishedinBeijingeachweekIthassectionsofdifferentkinds,includingNewsoftheWeek,Today’sWorld,LanguageClass,SportsandMusicandStudents’ReportThereareplentyofbeautifulpicturesandinterestingarticlesinit.Ireadittolearnnewwords,improvemyEnglish,getinformation.