中考英语语法总复习课件：定语从句 39页

初中语法综合复习全解 定语从句学习目标：能辨认由that,which,who引导的限定性定语从句，并知道如何选用关系词。 定语从句是指在句中作定语的从句。定语从句 先行词：是被定语从句所修饰的词（通常是名词或代词）关系词的作用：zxxk1.引导定语从句2.在从句中替代先行词，在定语从句中充当一定的成分，通常是主语或宾语，作宾语时常可以省略。zxxk定语从句：先行词+关系词(that/which/who)+从句修饰 先行词关系词指人that(作主语、宾语或表语)who(作主语、宾语或表语)whom(作宾语)指物that(作主语、宾语或表语)which(作主语或宾语)有时可代替whom作宾语 Whoisthegirlthattalkedtoyouyesterday.Attributiveclause关系词在从句中做主语先行词是人Lookatthephotos(that)Itookonmytrip.Attributiveclause关系词在从句中作宾语先行词是物 ItsuccessfullyshowstherichculturewhichmakesBeijingsofamous.Attributiveclause关系词在从句中作主语先行词是物Thephoto(which)welikedbestwastakenbyZhaoMin.Attributiveclause先行词是物关系词在从句中作宾语 Hisfatheristhepersonwhowillbemostunhappy.Attributiveclause先行词是人关系词在从句中作主语Tomistheboy(who/whom)wesawintheshop.Attributiveclause先行词是人关系词在从句中作宾语 考点例析I’vebecomegoodfriendswithseveralofthestudentsinmyschool_____ImetintheEnglishsppechcontestlastyear.（2011湖北十堰）A.whoB.whereC.whenD.which【解析】本题考查引导定语从句的关系词。先行词是thestudents，指人，观察选项，应用who引导，故选A。 Ilovetheschool_____Ihavestudiedinforthreeyears.（2013湖南衡阳）A.whereB.whenC.that【解析】本题考查引导定语从句的关系词。先行词是theschool，关系词在从句中作介词in的宾语，只能选关系词that，即C。考点例析zxxk —Whatareyoulookingfor?—I’mlookingforthering_____myhusbandboughtmelastyear.(2012山东滨州)A.thatB.whoC.whomD.it【解析】本题考查引导定语从句的关系词。先行词thering指物，观察选项只有A是引导物的关系词，故选A。考点例析 Successwillbelongtothose____neversay“impossible”.(2012河南)A.whomB.whatC.whoD.which【解析】考查引导定语从句的关系词。先行词是those，根据句意指人，而且关系词在从句中作主语，符合题意的只有选项C。考点例析 —Whatshallwedonext?—Taketheadvice_____isgivenbyDr.Bloch.(2012福建泉州)A.whoB.whichC.whose【解析】由先行词theadvice可知，应用引导物的关系词，选项B符合。考点例析 Pleasepassmethecartoonbook____hasaMickeyMouseonthecover.(2012天津)A.whomB.whoseC.whoD.which【解析】考查which引导的定语从句。分析句子结构可知本句为定语从句，先行词为cartoonbook，指物，所以应该用关系词which。考点例析 It’sinterestingthattherearemanypeople_____speakFrenchinCanada.(2012四川成都)A.whichB.whereC.who【解析】由先行词people可知，此题考查who引导的定语从句。句意为：“在加拿大有许多人说法语，真是有趣。”考点例析 在先行词是物的定语从句中，一般情况下that和which都可以通用,但在下列情况下,一般用that而不用which。that与which的区别Iamsureshehassomethingthatyoucanborrow.1.先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much等不定代词时。 I’vereadallthebooksthatarenotmine.2.先行词被all,little,much,every,no等修饰时。3.先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。Thisisthefirstbookthathehasread. E.g:Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim.4.先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时。5.先行词为人和物的组合。E.g:Theytalkedforanhourofthingsandpersonsthattheyrememberedintheschool. E.g:Whichofthebooksthatyouborrowedfromthelibraryisthemostinteresting?6.若主句中有疑问代词who或者which,为了避免重复,关系代词不要再用who,which，而用that。 —Nowmanypeoplesmokeandgetill.—Soweshoulddosomething____canhelpstopsmoking.(2012广西玉林)A.whatB.whoC./D.that【解析】考查引导定语从句的关系词。先行词是something，根据规则，见到这类不定代词应用that，故选D。考点例析 考点例析I’vefoundsomepicturesofthemostinterestingplaces____youcanvisitduringthewinterholidays.(2009山东烟台)A.whereB.whichC.whatD.that【解析】考查引导定语从句的关系词。先行词places在从句中作visit的宾语，且前有最高级修饰，故用关系代词that。 Individualactivity注:另附word文档。点击此处链接 单项选择。1.-Doyouknowthegirl____isstandingthere?-Sheismylittlesister.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.which2.-CouldyoutellmesomethingaboutZhengHe?-Sure.HewasaMingDynastyexplorer_____theChinesepeopleareproudof.A.whichB.whoseC.whomD.where 3.Thisisthecity_____Ivisited10yearsago.A.whereB./C.whoD.why4.ShaolinTemple____liesinthewestofZhengzhouwelcomesthevisitorsbothathomeandabroad.A.whereB.whichC.whoD.what5.-Whatkindofmusicdoyoulike？-Ilikemusic_____Icansingalongwith.A.whoB.thatC.whatD.why 6.I’masportsfan.I’minterestedineverything____isaboutsports.A.thatB.thereC.whichD.where7.Wearetalkingaboutthepianoandthepianist_____wereintheconcertweattendedlastnight.A.whichB.whomC.whoD.that 8.Ihatepeople_____areonlynicetoyouwhentheywantsomething!A.whoB.whichC.whoseD.whom9.Don’tforgettobringthebook____youboughtlastweek.A.whoB.whenC.whichD.what10.Isthegirl____youtalkedwithjustnownewhere?A.howB.whoC.whoseD.which II.判断下列句子中的关系词是否可以省略。1.Hangzhouisacitywhichhasabeautifullake.2.Thepeoplewhowemetatthepartywereveryfriendlytous.3.Thehouseinwhichweliveisnotlarge.4.ThepersonfromwhomheborrowedthedictionaryisMr.Li.5.ThebookthatIboughtyesterdayisalittleexpensive.可以省略的有：_____________2,5 Ⅲ.用适当的关系代词that,which,who,whom填空。1.Theboy_________isplayingpingpongismyclassmate.2.Thee-mail__________Ireceivedyesterdaywasfrommysister.3.Ihatepeople________talkmuchbutdolittle.4.Thisisthebestnovel____Ihaveread.5.Lucycan’teatfood_________haschocolateinit.that/whothat/whichthat/whothatthat/which 6.Thedetectivefoundthethieves_______robbedtheBankofHawaii.7.Myauntworksinauniversity________hasoverfivethousandstudents.8.Allthewomen________wereworkinginthatfactoryhadadayoffonWomen’sDay.9.Whichisthemachine_____weusedlastSunday.10.Hetalkedhappilyaboutthemenandbooks______interestedhimgreatlyintheschool.that/whothat/whichthat/whothatthat Ⅳ.根据汉语提示，补全句子。1.Theboy_______________________(打破玻璃的)iscalledMike.2.Isthisthefactory_________________________(生产相机的)?3.Kittydidn’twear___________________________________(她昨天买的那条裙子).(正在洗车的那个男人)______________________________ismyuncle.that/whobrokethewindowthat/whichproducestheskirtthat/which/／sheboughtyesterdayiswashingthecarThemanwho/thatcameras 5.Theroom____________________（吉姆住的）looksverynice.6.Thatistheman________________________________（刚才偷我钱包的）.7.Thewoman____________________（住在隔壁的）isateacher.which/thatJimlivesinwho/thatstolemywho/thatlivesnextdoorpursejustnow 8.Ilikethemusic___________________________（我可以随之而唱的）.9.Thisisthedoctor________________________（救了孩子的命）.10.Whoisthegirl____________________________（正站在树下的）.which/thatIcansingalongwithwhosavedthatboy’slifethatisstandingunderthetree Ⅴ.用适当的关系词填空。(1)Mygrandfatherisoneofthebestgrandfathersintheworld.Heworkedinafactory_________makescars.Helikesreadingandheoftenbuysbooksforme.Thebooks_________areinterestingtellmemanythings.Forexample,“Those____havegoodmannerswillberespected”;which/thatwhich/thatwho “Successwillbelongtothose____neversay‘impossible’”.Nowmygrandpaisgettingolderandolderandwhatheremembersislessandless.Sometimeshetellsmethepeopleandthings_____hestillremembers.Ilikethosestories.AndIlovemygrandpa.whothat (2)Thepupils____wenttoMark’sschoolworeredjacketsandblacktrousers.Theschoolwasoneofthebestinthecity,andhadoverathousandpupils.Thethings_____________thestudentslikedbestatschoolwerethecomputerroomandthedininghall,andthegames____________thepupilsenjoyedmostwerefootballandbasketball.whowhich/that/／which/that/／ Markwastheboy_____wasbestatfootball,and_____wascaptainoftheschoolteam.Theactivity__________thegirlslikedbestwasthedanceclass,andeveryyearthegirlsgaveperformance___________everyonecametowiththeirparents.Theteacher_______everyonelikedmostwasMrsBlack.whowhowhich/that/／which/that/／who/／ (3)Mike:IsawareallygoodcartoononTVlastnight.Sally:Whichcartoonwasthat?ThereweretwoonTVlastnight.Isawboth.Mike:Itwastheone_________hadthemouseinit.Sally:Iknow.Therewasamouse_________onlyateaspecialkindofcheese.which/thatwho/that Mike:Andithadtofindplaces_____hadthischeese.Sally:Yes,itwasfunny.ButtherewasacartoonIsawlastweek________wasmuchfunnier.Mike:Whatwasitcalled?Sally:ItwascalledThemouse________lovedcats.thatwhich/thatwho/that