2021届高考英语语法填空解题技巧.doc 4页

2021高考英语语法填空解题技巧一：题型综述1.考查目的：主要考查在运用英语过程中的词法和句法基本知识，兼顾行文逻辑、习惯用法、固定搭配以及常用句型等。2.选材趋势：一般选取200词左右的记叙文或说明文，内容广泛。3.素养考查：旨在考查考生的思维品质、文化意识和学习能力。4.考点设置：基本上每个空考查一个语法项目，但动词、名词等用法较多，可能从不同角度进行考查。5.设题要求：一般6－7个空有提示词，以实词为主，所填词的适当形式一般二：思路指导——两大类型题：1：提示类填空动词A：作谓语；考虑时态；语态；主谓一致；虚拟语气等情况B：不做谓语；考虑非谓语动词；词性转换等情况名词A：要考虑单复数；有时为不规则变化B：考虑词性转换；通常转换为形容词形容词A：考虑形容词的比较级；注意上下文中隐含比较B：考虑词性转换，一般为名词；副词或者反义词副词A：考虑副词的比较级；注意上下文中隐含比较B：考虑词性转换2：自由类填空介词——考虑固定搭配冠词——名词前；形容词前缺少限定词时考虑情态动词或助动词——缺少句子成分时考虑连接词或关系词——从句子结构或者逻辑关系上考虑 三：真题解析ThepolarbearisfoundintheArcticCircleandsomebiglandmassesasfarsouthasNewfoundland.Whiletheyarerarenorthof88°，thereisevidence__1.that__theyrangeallthewayacrosstheArctic，andasfarsouthasJamesBayinCanada.Itisdifficulttofigureoutaglobalpopulationofpolarbearsasmuchoftherangehasbeen__2.poorly__(poor)studied；however，biologistscalculatethatthereareabout20,000－25,000polarbearsworldwide.Modernmethods__3.of/for__trackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethemid－1980s，andareexpensive__4.to_perform__(perform)consistentlyoveralargearea.InrecentyearssomeInuitpeopleinNunavut__5.have_reported__(report)increasesinbearsightingsaroundhumansettlements，leadingtoa__6.belief__(believe)thatpopulationsareincreasing.Scientistshaverespondedby__7.noting__(note)thathungrybearsmaybecongregating(聚集)aroundhumansettlements，leadingtotheillusion(错觉)thatpopulationsare__8.higher__(high)thantheyactuallyare.Of__9.the__nineteenrecognizedpolarbearsubpopulations，threearedeclining，six__10.are__(be)stable，oneisincreasing，andninelackenoughdata.文章大意：主题：人与自然(自然生态)；话题：北极熊现状。本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北极熊种群数量越来越少、亟须保护的现状。1．解析：考查同位语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知，所填词引导同位语从句，解释说明evidence的具体内容，从句中不缺少成分且意义完整，故用that引导。2．解析：考查词性转换(形容词变副词)。修饰动词studied应用形容词poor的副词形式poorly。3．解析：考查介词。amethodof/fordoingsth.做某事的方法。4．解析：考查非谓语动词。此处是“主语＋be＋adj.＋不定式”结构，不定式用主动形式表示被动含义。5．解析：考查时态。根据句中的时间状语inrecentyears可判断用现在完成时。6．解析：考查词性转换(动词变名词)。根据空格前的不定冠词a可知，此处应填believe的名词形式belief(看法，信念)。7．解析：考查非谓语动词。介词后接动词时，应用其动名词形式。respondbydoingsth.通过做某事回应。 8．解析：考查形容词比较级。根据空格后的than可知，此处应用high的比较级形式higher。9．解析：考查冠词。此处特指确认的19个亚种群，故用定冠词the。10．解析：考查时态和主谓一致。此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时；six指代sixpolarbearsubpopulations，谓语动词应用复数。三：课后练习（A）Onourwaytothehouse,itwasraining　1　hardthatwecouldn’thelpwonderinghowlongitwouldtake　2　(get)there.ItwasinthemiddleofPearlCity. Wewerefirstgreetedwiththebarkingbyapack　3　dogs,seventobeexact.Theywerewelltrainedbytheirmasters　4　hadgreatexperiencewithcaringfortheseanimals.Ourhostssharedmanyoftheirexperiencesand　5　(recommend)wonderfulplacestoeat,shop,andvisit.Forbreakfast,wewereabletoeatpapaya(木瓜)andotherfruitsfromtheirtreesinthebackyard. Whentheywerefreefromwork,theyinvitedustolocaleventsandletusknowofaninteresting　6　(compete)towatch,togetherwiththestorybehindit.Theyalsosharedwithusmany　7　(tradition)storiesaboutHawaiithatwere　8　(huge)popularwithtourists.Onthelastdayofourweek-longstay,we　9　(invite)toattendaprivateconcertonabeautifulfarmontheNorthShoreunderthestars,　10　(listen)tomusiciansandmeetinginterestinglocals.参考答案：1.so　2.toget3.of　4.who　5.recommended　6.competition　7.traditional　8.hugely　9.wereinvited　10.listening　（A）In1863thefirstundergroundpassengerrailwayintheworldopenedinLondon.Itranforjustundersevenkilometersandallowedpeopletoavoidterrible　1　(crowd)ontheroadsaboveastheytravelledtoand　2　work.Ittookthreeyearstocompleteandwasbuiltusinganinterestingmethod.Thisincludeddigginguptheroad,　3　(lay)thetrackandthenbuildingastrongroofover　4　top.Whenallthosehadbeendone,theroadsurfacewasreplaced.  Steamengines　5　(use)topullthecarriagesanditmusthavebeen　6　(fair)unpleasantforthepassengers,withallthesmokeandnoise.However,therailwayquicklyprovedtobeagreatsuccessandwithinsixmonths,morethan25,000peoplewereusing　7　everyday. Later,engineers　8　(manage)toconstructrailwaysinasystemofdeeptunnels(隧道),whichbecameknownastheTube.Thisdevelopmentwasonlypossiblewiththe　9　(introduce)ofelectric-poweredenginesandlifts.TheCentralLondonRailwaywasoneofthemost　10　(success)ofthesenewlines,andwasopenedin1900.Ithadwhite-paintedtunnelsandbrightredcarriages,andprovedextremelypopularwiththepublic. 参考答案：1.crowds　2.from　3.laying　4.the　5.wereused　6.fairly　7.it　8.managed　9.introduction　10.successful