英语语法精讲精练：动名词.pptx 12页

TheGerund动名词 动名词由动词+ing构成，兼有动词的特征和名词的功能，可在句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语等。动名词的形式：基本式：被动式:完成式：完成被动式：否定形式:doingbeingdonehavingdonehavingbeendonenotdoing 2、在某些句型中Itisnousedoing做…没用Itisnogooddoing做…没好处ItisuselessdoingThereisnopoint(in)doing做…没有意义一、作主语1、动名词作主语(表一般性的，泛指的，抽象的,时间概念不强的动作)*Sayingiseasierthandoing.*Beingforcedtouselefthandtowritewillmakeusveryuncomfortable.. *Itisnousecryingoverspiltmilk.*Itisnogoodsmoking.*Itisuselesstalkingtoomuch.*Thereisnopointinarguingwithhim.二、作宾语1）作动词的宾语*Shedeniedmakingamistake.*Heimaginedleadingahappylife.用动名词作宾语的动词有： V+doingfinish完成forgive原谅keep保持,坚持imagine设想miss错过mind介意permit允许risk冒险suggest建议practise实行,实践prevent阻止can‘thelp不禁admit承认advise建议allow允许avoid避免appreciate感激，欣赏consider考虑dislike不喜欢，讨厌delay延迟deny否认endure忍受escape逃跑，逃避enjoy享有,喜爱 1.forgettodoforgetdoing2.remembertodorememberdoing3.meantodomeandoing4.stoptodostopdoing5.regrettodoregretdoing6.trytodotrydoing7.goontodogoondoing 2)作介词宾语*Heleftwithoutsayinggood-byetous.*Isthereanyhopeofcatchingtheearlybus?动名词作宾语常用在下面这些词组后面：insiston,dreamof,havedifficulty/troublein,feellike,,succeedin,beafraidof,giveup,getusedto,,objectto,leadto,give…todevote…to,lookforwardto,taketo(喜欢上),等。*Heinsistedongoingtherealone.*Theoldmandevotedallhismoneytohelpingthepoorchildren. 三、作表语动名词作表语时一般表示比较抽象的习惯性动作，表语和主语常常可以互换。1）Hishobbyispainting.=Paintingishishobby.2)Thebestpolicyisbeinghonest.=Beinghonestisthebestpolicy. 四.作定语动名词作定语一般放在所修饰的名词前。(动名词做定语说明被修饰词的用途和性质）*drinkingwater=waterforpeopletodrink*thesleepingbag=thebagforsleeping*awalkingstick=astickforwalking 五、动名词的复合结构one’sdoing——one’snotdoing动名词的复合结构作主语时，动名词的逻辑主语必须用所有格；作宾语时，动名词的逻辑主语可用所有格，也可用宾格,但如果动名词的逻辑主语是无生命名词时,不能用所有格.*Doyoumindmysmokinghere?Doyoumindmesmokinghere?*IsuggestTom’stakingthisjob.IsuggestTomtakingthisjob.Cf.Hisbeinglatemadehismotherveryangry.*Icanhearthenoiseofthedoorbeingopenedandclosed.*Sheisfondofcoffeebeingservedafterdinner 1.Ican’timagine_____withsuchafamousauthor.A.workB.toworkC.tobeworkingD.working2._____isagoodofexerciseforboththeyoungandtheold.A.ThewalkB.WalkingC.TowalkD.Walked3.Ourfatheroftentoldusinthepastthat_____isbelieving.A.toseeB.seeingC.seeD.tobeseen 4.—Whatdoyouthinkofthebook?—Oh,excellent.It’sworth______asecond.toreadB.tobereadC.readingD.beingread5.Thelibraryneeds______,butit’llhavetowaituntilSunday.cleaningB.becleanedC.cleanD.beingcleaned6.---Youwerebraveenoughtoraisedobjectionsatthemeeting.---Well,nowIregret____that.A.todoB.tobedoingC.tohavedoneD.havingdone