新编英语语法教程第11讲.ppt 17页

第11讲动词的时和体（一） 11.1一般现在时的用法1)表示不受时限的客观存在(包括客观真理,格言,科学事实等)Arollingstonegathersnomoss.Knowledgeispower.Timeandtidewaitfornoman.2)表示现在习惯动作Myfatherdoesn’tsmoke.Healwayssleepswithhiswindowsopen. 此法常与频度副词连用。如：always,ever,frequently,hardlyever,never,occasionally,often,rarely,seldom,sometimes,usually等。3）表示现时状态和现在瞬间动作A)静态动词Ithink…Ilike…B)实况报导HarperpassestheballtoJennings;Jenningsshootsandthegoalkeeperleapsforitbut–yes,it’sagoal.C)专门或日常用语Iwish…Isay… 4)表示将来时间A)主将从现Ihopeyouhaveagoodtime.Ibetitrainstomorrow.B)既定事实TomorrowisSunday.5)表示过去时间能用一般现在表示过去的动词有tell,say,hear,learn,gather等.Alicetellsmeyou’reenteringcollegenextyear. 附特殊用法:A)表达某种情绪Ihappentodropinonheronceandyoumakesuchanissueofit.B)死者言论著作,仍有影响Darwinbelievesthatnaturalselectionisthechieffactorinthedevelopment.C)不强调时间Nooneisbornanactor.11.2一般过去时的用法 1)表示过去时间,通常已成为过去,现在不存在Theyhadababylastyear.Didyouseehimyesterday?HisfatherwasanEnglishteacherallhislife.2)表示现在时间和将来时间A)委婉语气,want,wonder,think,hopeIwonderedifyoucouldgivemesomehelp.B)固定句型It’stime…It’stimeyouwenttobed.Iwish…Iwishyoulivedclosertous. I’drather…I’dratheryouwentnow.C)主从关系,要求从句使用过去时态Ididn’tknowyouwerehere.11.3现在进行体的用法1)表示说话时正在进行的动作.Hurryup!We’reallwaitingforyou.2)表示现阶段一直在进行的动作Janeisstudyinglawwhilehersisterisdoingphysics.3)表示按计划安排近期内即将发生的动作Heisarriving. 4)现在进行体的其他用法A)表示刚过去的动作Youdon’tbelieveit?I’mtellingthetruth.B)婉转的语气I’mhopingyou’llgiveussomeadvice.11.4过去进行体的用法1)表示过去某时正在进行的动作Whatwereyoudoingyesterdayatsevenp.m?Thestudentswerestilllaughingwhentheteachersteppedin.2)表示过去某种习惯性动作 Georgewasgettingupatfiveeverydaythatweek.也可与always,constantly,continually,forever等连用表示感情色彩Mybrotherwasalwayslosinghiskeys.3)表示过去将来时间里的动作,也常出现在主句为过去的从句当中Theywereleavingafewdayslater.Hetoldmetowakehimupifhewassleeping.4)表示现在时间和将来时间里的动作A)委婉的语气Iwaswonderingifyou’dliketocomeoutwithme.B)主观臆想 Iwishtheywerenottalkingsoloudly.5)过去进行体与一般过去时的比较A)前者表示未完成，后者表示已完成Iwasreadinganovelyesterday.IreadanovelyesterdayB)前者表示动作持续,后者则无此意,仅陈述事实Itwasrainingallnight.Itrainedallnight.C)两者在时间上有差异Whenwearrived,shewasmakingsomefreshcoffee.(到时正在煮)Whenwearrived,shemadesomefreshcoffee.(到了才煮) Exercise11A1.滴水穿石。A:2.骄必败。A：3。事实胜于雄辩。A：4。一燕不成夏。A：5。长江流入东海。A：Patiencewearsoutstones.Pridegoesbeforeafall.Factsspeaklouderthanwords.Oneswallowdoesn’tmakeasummer.ChangjiangflowsintotheEastChinaSea. 6.月球上没有水。A：7.夏威夷气候从来不冷.A:8.在巴黎，五月份天气并非总是美好；有时多雨。A:9.他间或出错,但不是时常出错.A:10.他从来不做家庭作业,但在班上学习很好.A:11.我们的公司并非总是高额赢利.A:Thereisnowateronthemoon.ItisnevercoldinHawaii.InParis,theweatherisnotalwaysnice;itrainsalotsometimes.Hemakesmistakesoccasionally,butnotoften.Heneverdoesanyhomework,buthestudieswellintheclass.Ourcompanydoesnotalwaysmakehighprofits. 12.母亲通常不在早晨喝咖啡.A:13.她几乎从严不在午夜之前就寝.A:14.Arizona州首府凤凰城(Phoenix)天气很干燥；几乎不下雨。A:15.星期日我父母很少去做礼拜.A:16.地球围绕太阳转.A:17.印度位于中国迤南.A:MyMumusuallydoesn’thavecoffeeinthemorning.Shehardlyevergoestobedbeforemid-night.Phoenix,thecaptitalofArizona,isdryandithardlyrains.MyparentsseldomgotochurchonSunday.TheEarthmovesaroundtheSun.IndialiestothesouthofChina. 18.泰晤士河流经伦敦。A:19.我通常投民主党的票，而我的室友几乎总是投共和党的票。A：20.使人人遭殃的风才恶风.A:Ecercise11C1.上星期他每天来看我。A:ThamesRiverflowsthroughLondon.IusuallyvoteforaDemocrat,whilemyroommatealwaysvotesforaRepublican.Itistheillwindthatblowsnobodygood.Hecametoseemeeverydaylastweek. 2.现在是冬天,我们通常七点半钟吃早饭.A:3.你现在穿的这双鞋买了多久了?A:4.老教授走进教室,打开书本便开始讲课.A:5.我多么希望你也在这里和我们在一起.A:6.Jane告诉我,你明年即将进大学.A:7.罗马建成非一日之功.A:Itiswinternow,andweusuallyhavebreakfastathalfpastseven.Howlongagodidyoubuytheshoesyouarewearing?Theoldprofessorcameintotheclassroom,openedthebookandbegantheclass.HowIwishyouwereherewithus.Janetoldmeyouweregoingintothecollege.Romewasnotbuiltinaday. 8.滚石不生苔.A:9.熟能生巧.A:10.谁笑在最后,谁笑得最好.A:11.好心有好报.A:12.这种液体一加上阿摩尼亚就变为橙色。A:13.我想知道你可否把你的汽车借我一用.A:Arollingstonegathersnomoss.Practicemakesperfect.Onewholaughslastlaughsbest.Onegoodturndeservesanother.Whentheliquidisaddedwithamonia,itchangesorange.Iwonderedwetheryoucouldlendmeyourcar? 14.我听说老亨利昨晚死了.A:15.这台录音机很容易操作.瞧着我怎么做:先接通电流,揿这个按钮,机器就开动了.A:IheardthatOldHenrydiedlastnight.Thistaperecorderiseasytooperate.Look:Iswitchiton,pressthisbuttom,anditworks.