高一英语语法：定语从句的用法人教实验版知识精讲 18页

高一英语语法：定语从句的用法人教实验版【本讲教育信息】一.教学内容：语法：定语从句的用法二.定语从句语法点的讲解定语从句（AttributiveClauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。　　关系代词有：who,whom,whose,that,which等。　　关系副词有：when,where,why等。关系代词引导的定语从句　　关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。1）who,whom,that　　这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：　　Ishethemanwho/thatwantstoseeyou?　　他就是想见你的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语）　　Heisthemanwhom/thatIsawyesterday.　　他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语）　　2)whose用来指人或物，(只用作定语,若指物，它还可以同ofwhich互换),例如：　　Theyrushedovertohelpthemanwhosecarhadbrokendown.　那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。　　Pleasepassmethebookwhose(ofwhich)coverisgreen.　请递给我那本绿皮的书。　　3）which,that　　它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，例如：　　Aprosperitywhich/thathadneverbeenseenbeforeappearsinthecountryside.农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。（which/that在句中作宾语）　　Thepackage(which/that)youarecarryingisabouttocomeunwrapped.你拿的包快散了。(which/that在句中作宾语）关系副词引导的定语从句　　关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。　　1）when,where,why　　关系副词when,where,why的含义相当于“介词+which”结构，因此常常和“介词+which”结构交替使用，例如：　　Thereareoccasionswhen(onwhich)onemustyield.　任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。　　Beijingistheplacewhere(inwhich)Iwasborn.　北京是我的出生地。　　Isthisthereasonwhy(forwhich)herefusedouroffer?　这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？　　2）that代替关系副词　　that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后代替when,where,why和“介词+which”引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略，例如：用心爱心专心 　　Hisfatherdiedtheyear(that/when/inwhich)hewasborn.　他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。　　Heisunlikelytofindtheplace(that/where/inwhich)helivedfortyyearsago.他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。判断关系代词与关系副词　　方法一：用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如：　　ThisisthemountainvillagewhereIstayedlastyear.　　I’llneverforgetthedayswhenIworkedtogetherwithyou.　　判断改错（注：先显示题，再显示答案，横线；用不同的颜色表示出。）　　（错）ThisisthemountainvillagewhereIvisitedlastyear.　　（错）IwillneverforgetthedayswhenIspentinthecountryside.　　（对）Thisisthemountainvillage(which)Ivisitedlastyear.　　（对）I’llneverforgetthedays(which)Ispentinthecountryside.　　习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词where,when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。　　方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状)，也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。　例1.Isthismuseum___youvisitedafewdaysago?　　A.where　B.that　C.onwhich　D.theone　例2.Isthisthemuseum____theexhibitionwasheld?　　A.where　　B.that　C.onwhich　　D.theone　　答案：例1D，例2A　　例1变为肯定句：Thismuseumis___youvisitedafewdaysago.　　例2变为肯定句：Thisisthemuseum___theexhibitionwasheld.　　在句1中，所缺部分为宾语，而where,that,onwhich都不能起到宾语的作用，只有theone既做了主句的表语，又可做从句的宾语，可以省略关系代词，所以应选D。　　而句2中,主、谓、宾俱全，从句部分为句子的状语表地点，既可用副词where，又因inthemuseum词组，可用介词in+which引导地点状语。而此题中，介词on用的不对，所以选A。　　关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分，先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词(who,whom,that,which,whose)；先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词(where地点状语，when时间状语，why原因状语)。限制性和非限制性定语从句　　1)定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确；非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开，例如：　　Thisisthehousewhichweboughtlastmonth.　　　这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。（限制性）　　Thehouse,whichweboughtlastmonth,isverynice.这幢房子很漂亮，是我们上个月买的。（非限制性）　　2)当先行词是专有名词或物主代词和指示代词所修饰时，其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的，例如：用心爱心专心 　　CharlesSmith,whowasmyformerteacher,retiredlastyear.查理•史密斯去年退休了，他曾经是我的老师。　　Myhouse,whichIboughtlastyear,hasgotalovelygarden.我去年买的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园。　　Thisnovel,whichIhavereadthreetimes,isverytouching.这本小说很动人，我已经读了三遍。　　3)非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词,对其进行修饰,这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数，例如：　　HeseemsnottohavegraspedwhatImeant,whichgreatlyupsetsme.他似乎没抓住我的意思，这使我心烦。　　Liquidwaterchangestovapor,whichiscalledevaporation.液态水变为蒸汽，这就叫做蒸发。　　说明：关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句。介词+关系词　　1）介词后面的关系词不能省略。　　2）that前不能有介词。　　3）某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的“介词+关系词”结构可以同关系副词when和where互换。　　ThisisthehouseinwhichIlivedtwoyearsago.　　ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.　　Doyourememberthedayonwhichyoujoinedourclub?　　Doyourememberthedaywhenyoujoinedourclub?as,which非限定性定语从句　　由as,which引导的非限定性定语从句，as和which可代整个主句，相当于andthis或andthat。as一般放在句首，which在句中。　　Asweknow,smokingisharmfultoone’shealth.　　Thesunheatstheearth,whichisveryimportanttous.　　［典型例题］　　1）Alicereceivedaninvitationfromherboss,___cameasasurprise.　　A.it　B.that　C.which　　D.he　　答案C.此为非限定性从句，不能用that修饰，而用which，it和he都使后句成为句子，两个独立的句子不能单以逗号连接。况且选he句意不通。　　2）Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,___wasmorethanwecouldexpect.　　A.what　B.which　C.that　D.it答案B。which可代替句子，用于非限定性定语从句，而what不可。that不能用于非限定性定语从句，it不为连词，使由逗号连接的两个句子并在一起在英语语法上行不通。　　3）Itrainedhardyesterday,____preventedmefromgoingtothepark.A.that　B.which　　C.as　D.it答案B.　　as用心爱心专心 和which在引导非限制性定语从句时，这两个关系代词都指主句所表达的整个意思，且在定语从句中都可以作主语和宾语。但不同之处主要有两点：　　（1）as引导的定语从句可置于句首，而which不可。　　（2）as代表前面的整个主句并在从句中作主语时，从句中的谓语必须是系动词；若为行为动词，则从句中的关系代词只能用which。　　在本题中，prevent由于是行为动词，所以正确选项应为B。　　As的用法　例1.thesame…as；such…as中的as是一种固定结构,和……一样……。　　Ihavegotintothesametroubleashe(has).　例2.as可引导非限制性从句，常带有“正如”的意思。　　Asweknow,smokingisharmfultoone’shealth.　　Asisknow,smokingisharmfultoone’shealth.　　as是关系代词。例1中的as作know的宾语；例2中，它充当从句的主语，谓语动词know要用被动式。先行词和关系词二合一　　1)Whoeverspitsinpublicwillbepunishedhere.　　(Whoever可以用anyonewho代替)　　2)Theparentswillusewhattheyhavetosendtheirsontotechnicalschool.　　(what可以用allthat代替)　　what/whatever;that/what;who/whoever　　1）what=thethingwhich；whatever=anything　　Whatyouwanthasbeensenthere.　　Whateveryouwantmakesnodifferencetome.　　2)who=thepersonthat　whoever=anyonewho　　（错）Whobreaksthelawwillbepunished.　　（错）Whoeverrobbedthebankisnotclear.　　（对）Whoeverbreaksthelawwillbepunished.　　（对）Whorobbedthebankisnotclear.　　3)that和what　　　当that引导定语从句时，通常用作关系代词，而引导名词性从句时，是个不充当任何成分的连接词。宾语从句和表语从句中的that常可省略。what只能引导名词性从句，用作连接代词，作从句的具体成分，且不能省略。　　Ithink(that)youwilllikethestamps.　　Whatweneedismorepractice.关系代词that的用法　　1）不用that的情况　　a)在引导非限定性定语从句时。　　(错)　Thetree,thatisfourhundredyearsold,isveryfamoushere.　　b)介词后不能用。　　Wedependonthelandfromwhichwegetourfood.　　Wedependonthelandthat/whichwegetourfoodfrom.　　2)只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况用心爱心专心 　　a)　在therebe句型中，只用that，不用which。　　b)　当不定代词如：anything,nothing,theone,all,much,few,any,little等作先行词时，只用that，不用which。　　c)　先行词有theonly,thevery修饰时，只用that。　　　d)　先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时，只用that。　　e)　先行词既有人，又有物时。举例：　　Allthatisneededisasupplyofoil.　　所需的只是供油问题。　　Finally,thethiefhandedeverythingthathehadstolentothepolice.　　　那贼最终把偷的全部东西交给了警察。【模拟试题】练习（一）1.Theplace_______interestedmemostwastheChildren’sPalace.A.whichB.whereC.whatD.inwhich2.Doyouknowtheman_______?A.whomIspokeB.towhospokeC.IspoketoD.thatIspoke3.Thisisthehotel_______lastmonth.A.whichtheystayedB.atthattheystayedC.wheretheystayedatD.wheretheystayed4.Doyouknowtheyear______theChineseCommunistPartywasfounded?A.whichB.thatC.whenD.onwhich5.Thatistheday______I’llneverforget.A.whichB.onwhichC.inwhichD.when6.Thefactory______we’llvisitnextweekisnotfarfromhere.A.whereB.towhichC.whichD.inwhich7.Greatchangeshavetakenplacesincetheninthefactory_______weareworking.A.whereB.thatC.whichD.there8.Thisisoneofthebestfilms_______.A.thathavebeenshownthisyearB.thathaveshownC.thathasbeenshownthisyearD.thatyoutalked9.Canyoulendmethebook______theotherday?A.aboutwhichyoutalkedB.whichyoutalkedC.aboutthatyoutalkedD.thatyoutalked10.Thepen______heiswritingismine.A.withwhichB.inwhichC.onwhichD.bywhich11.Theyarrivedatafarmhouse,infrontof______satasmallboy.A.whomB.whoC.whichD.that12.Theengineer______myfatherworksisabout50yearsold.A.towhomB.onwhomC.withwhichD.withwhom13.Itthereanyoneinyourclass______familyisinthecountry?A.whoB.who’sC.whichD.whose用心爱心专心 14.I’minterestedin______youhavesaid.A.allthatB.allwhatC.thatD.which15.Iwanttousethesamedictionary______wasusedyesterday.A.whichB.whoC.whatD.as16.Heisn’tsuchaman______heusedtobe.A.whoB.whomC.thatD.as17.HeisgoodatEnglish,______weallknow.A.thatB.asC.whomD.what18.LiMing,______totheconcertenjoyeditverymuch.A.IwentwithB.withwhomIwentC.withwhoIwentD.Iwentwithhim19.Idon’tlike______asyouread.A.thenovelsB.thesuchnovelsC.suchnovelsD.samenovels20.Hetalkedalotaboutthingsandpersons________theyrememberedintheschool.A.whichB.thatC.whomD.what21.Theletterisfrommysister,______isworkinginBeijing.A.whichB.thatC.whomD.who22.Inourfactorythereare2,000workers,twothirdsof____arewomen.A.themB.whichC.whomD.who23.You’retheonlyperson______I’veevermet______coulddoit.A.who;/B./;whomC.whom;/D./;who24.Ilostabook,______Ican’tremembernow.A.whosetitleB.itstitleC.thetitleofitD.thetitleofthat25.LastsummerwevisitedtheWestLake,______Hangzhouisfamousintheworld.A.forwhichB.forthatC.inwhichD.what26.Ihaveboughtsuchawatch_______wasadvertisedonTV.A.thatB.whichC.asD.it27.Icanneverforgettheday_______weworkedtogetherandtheday______wespenttogether.A.when;whichB.which;whenC.what;thatD.onwhich;when28.Theway______helooksatproblemsiswrong.A.whichB.whoseC.whatD./29.Thisisthereason______hedidn’tcometothemeeting.A.inwhichB.withwhichC.thatD.forwhich30.Thismachine,______formanyyears,isstillworkingperfectly.A.afterwhichIhavelookedB.whichIhavelookedafterC.thatIhavelookedafterD.Ihavelookedafter31.Thereason______hedidn’tcomewas______hewasill.A.why;thatB.that;whyC.forthat;thatD.forwhich;what32.Heisworkinghard,______willmakehimpassthefinalexam.A.thatB.whichC.forwhichD.who33.Thatisnottheway______Idoit.A./B.whichC.forwhichD.withwhich用心爱心专心 34.Ihavetwogrammars,______areofgreatuse.A.allofwhichB.eitherofwhichC.bothofthatD.bothofwhich35.Iwanttousethesametools_______usedinyourfactoryafewdaysago.A.aswasB.whichwasC.aswereD.which36.Myneighboursusedtogivemeahandintimeoftrouble,_______wasverykindofthem.A.whoB.whichC.thatD.it37.Thisisthemagazine_______Icopiedtheparagraph.A.thatB.whichC.fromthatD.fromwhich38.Heisnotsuchaman_______wouldleavehisworkhalfdone.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.as39.Youcandependonwhateverpromise_______hemakes.A./B.whyC.whenD.whose40.Smoking,_______isabadhabit,is,however,popular.A.thatB.whichC.itD.though41.——Didyouasktheguard_______happened?——Yes,hetoldmeall_______heknew.A.what;thatB.what;whatC.which;whichD.that;that42.Ishallneverforgetthoseyears_______Ilivedonthefarmwiththefarmers,_______hasagreateffectonmylife.A.when;whoB.that;whichC.which;thatD.when;which43.Thenumberofthepeoplewho_______cars_______increasing.A.owns;areB.owns;isC.own;isD.own;are44.Duringthedays________,heworkedasaservantattheBrowns.A.followedB.followingC.tofollowD.thatfollowed45.Isoxygentheonlygas_______helpsfireburn?A.thatB./C.whichD.it46.Thecleverboymadeaholeinthewall,_______hecouldsee_____wasgoingoninsidehouse.A.which;whatB.throughwhich;whatC.throughthat;whatD.what;that47.Is_______someGermanfriendsvisitedlastweek?A.thisschoolB.thistheschoolC.thisschooloneD.thisschoolwhere48.Johngotbeateninthegame,_______hadbeenexpected.A.asB.thatC.whatD.who49.Ihaveboughttwoballpens,_______writeswell.A.noneofthemB.neitherofthemC.neitherofwhichD.noneofwhich50.Allthatcanbeeaten_______eatenup.A.arebeingB.hasbeenC.hadbeenD.havebeen练习（二）听力部分：略Ⅱ．单项填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)用心爱心专心 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。21.——Soyoubelieve,Mr.Green,thatthegovernmentmustspendmoreoneducation?——__________!A.TakecareB.Repeatit,pleaseC.IseeD.Exactly22.Inhisletter,hesaiditwasthethirdtimethathe______Zhuhai.A.hadvisitedB.visitedC.hasvisitedD.wouldvisit23.Shetoldmethatitwas_____youspokeillofherbehindherback_____shedislikedyou.A.since;thatB.for;thatC.because;thatD.that;why24._______meetMrWang,chairmanofthetradeunion,hewaitedatthegateofthefactory.A.InorderthatB.SothatC.SoastoD.Inorderto25.You_________cometohisoffice.Ourbosswon’tbebackuntilnextweek.A.haven’ttoB.won’thavegottoC.haven’tgottoD.don’thavegotto26.Sheisabitshyand_______standupandanswertheteacher’squestions.A.doesn’tdaretoB.daresnotC.darenottoD.daresnotto27.Theyoungphysicsteachercouldn’t_______herwords________bythestudents.A.get;understandingB.get;understoodC.get;tounderstandD.make;understand28.RoberthasbeenworkinginNewYorkfortenyears,soAmericanlawisfamiliar_____him.A.onB.withC.toD.of29.IwassoexcitedthatI________forthewholenight.A.heldawakeB.stayedawakeC.heldwakeD.stayedwake30.Itrainedheavily.Anditwasverykindofhimto_____hisumbrellawithme.A.shareB.takeC.bringD.use31.I’llshowyouastore______youmaybuyall_____youneed.A.where;whichB.inwhich;thatC.which;thatD.that;that32.Foronething,ajournalisn’taspersonalasadiary._______,atraveljournalhasadifferentpurpose.A.OntheotherhandB.InawordC.What’smoreD.Foranother33.Don’tforgetto______andremembertosendmesomephotos.A.writealettermeB.writetomeC.writemewithaletterD.writetomeletter34.AtlastTomwasableto____hertogiveupthefoolishideathatshewantedtogotherealone.A.suggestB.expectC.adviseD.persuade35.It’sreallytimeIshouldgohome,butI’menjoyingmyself,soI______hereabitlonger.A.amstayingB.havestayedC.stayedD.stay36.IndiahasaverylargenumberofEnglishspeakers.Thisis____BritainruledIndiafrom1765to1947.A.whyB.becauseofC.becauseD.what37.Theprofessortellsusthat_______wehavelearnedSpanish,wewillfindItalianeasy.用心爱心专心 A.forB.onceC.thoughD.eventhough38.Noonecanbesure_____inamillionyears.A.whatmanwilllooklikeB.whatwillmanlooklikeC.manwilllooklikewhat　D.whatlookwillmanlike39.TheydecidedtocyclealongtheMekongRiverfrom_____itbeginsto______itends.A.what;whatB.where;whereC.theplacewhere;whatD.what;theplacewhere40.Inthedaysbeforeadictionary,peoplecouldspellwordsindifferentways_____youmightfindinteresting.A.whichB.inwhichC.asD.howⅢ．完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从41—60各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。TheVoiceofAmericabeganduringtheWorldWarII,whenGermanywasbroadcasting(广播)aradioprogramtogettheinternationalsupport.AmericanofficialsbelievedtheyshouldanswertheGermanbroadcastwith41thattheythoughtwerethefactsofworld42.ThefirstVOAnewsreportbeganwithwordsin43.“The44maybegoodorbad,butweshalltellyouthetruth.”Withinaweek,otherVOAannouncerswerebroadcastinginanotherfourlanguages,45FrenchandEnglish.AftertheWorldWarII46in1945,someAmericansfeltVOA’s47hadtobechanged,consideringtheSovietUnion(苏联)becameenemyofAmerica.TheywantedtoreachSovietlisteners.TheVOAbeganbroadcastingin48.IntheearlyyearsVOAbegan49somethingnewtoitsbroadcastthatwas50“MusicUSA”.Anothernewidea51in1959.VOAknewthatmanylistenersdidnotknow52EnglishtocompletelyunderstanditsnormalEnglishbroadcast.53VOAinventedasimplerkindofEnglish,54usesabout1,500wordsandisspoken55.Ofcourse,itisspecialEnglish.Inthe56ofmostVOAlisteners,themost57programisthenewsreport.NewsfromaroundtheworldflyintotheVOAnewsroominWashington24hoursaday.ItcomesfromVOAreportersinbigcitiesandalsofromother58likeBBC.VOAwritersand59usethesematerials(材料)to60newsreports,whicharebeingbroadcastin43languages.41.A.adviceB.commandsC.wordsD.requests42.A.reasonsB.eventsC.topicsD.questions43.A.timeB.shortC.EnglishD.German44.A.newsB.problemsC.effectsD.opinions45.A.toincludeB.hadincludedC.includingD.included46.A.beganB.completedC.endedD.came47.A.homeB.purposeC.positionD.result48.A.GermanB.BritishC.RussianD.French49.A.addingB.hidingC.retellingD.joiningin50.A.knownB.reportedC.calledD.printed51.A.cameupB.wascomeupC.cameupwithD.wascomeupwith52.A.AmericanB.BritishC.standardD.enough用心爱心专心 53.A.SoB.ButC.AsD.For54.A.iB.whoC.whichD.that55.A.slowlyB.rapidlyC.normallyD.loudly56.A.pleasureB.courseC.opinionD.advice57.A.difficultB.importantC.variousD.common58.A.broadcastsB.formsC.newspapersD.countries59.A.officialsB.editorsC.listenersD.recorders60.A.readB.announceC.surveyD.prepareⅣ．阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(ABCD)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AManyteenagersfeelthatthemostimportantpeopleintheirlivesaretheirfriends.Theybelievethattheirfamilymembers,especiallytheirparents,don’tknowthemaswellastheirfriendsdo.Inlargefamilies,itisoftenforbrothersandsisterstofightwitheachotherandthentheycanonlygototheirfriendsforadvice.Itisveryimportantforteenagerstohaveonegoodfriendormanyfriends.Evenwhentheyarenotwiththeirfriends,theyusuallyspendalotoftimetalkingamongthemselvesonthephone.Thiscommunicationisveryimportantinchildren’sgrowingup,becausefriendscandiscusssomethingdifficulttosaytotheirfamilymembers.However,parentsoftentrytochoosetheirchildren’sfriendsforthem.Someparentsmayevenstoptheirchildrenfrommeetingtheirgoodfriends.Thequestionof“choice”isaninterestingone.Haveyoueverthoughtofthefollowingquestions?Whochooseyourfriends?Doyouchooseyourfriendsoryourfriendschooseyou?Haveyougotagoodfriendyourparentsdon’tlike?61.Manyteenagersthinktheir_____knowthembetterthantheirparentsdo.A.friendsB.teachersC.brothersandsistersD.classmates62.Whenteenagersstayalone,theusualwayofcommunicationisto_____.A.gototheirfriendsB.talkwiththeirparentsC.haveadiscussionwiththeirfamilyD.talkwiththeirfriendsonthephone63.Whichofthefollowingisdifferentinmeaningfromthesentence“Someparentsmayevenstoptheirchildrenfrommeetingtheirgoodfriends.”?A.Someparentsmayevennotallowtheirchildrentomeettheirgoodfriends.B.Someparentsmayevenasktheirchildrentostayawayfromtheirgoodfriends.C.Someparentsmayevennotlettheirchildrenmeettheirgoodfriends.D.Someparentsmaywanttheirchildrentostoptomeettheirgoodfriends.64.Thepassagesuggests(暗示)that_______.A.Parentscannotchoosefriendsfortheirchildrensuccessfully.用心爱心专心 B.Perhapssomechildren’sfriendsarechosenbytheirparents.C.Childrenwon’tlettheirparentschoosefriendsforthem.D.Parentsoftentrytochoosetheirchildren’sfriendsforthem.65.Whichofthefollowingdoyouthinkisrightaccordingtothepassage?A.Parentsshouldlikeeverythingtheirchildrenenjoy.B.Inallfamilies,childrencanchooseeverythingtheylike.C.Parentsshouldtrytheirbesttounderstandtheirchildrenbetter.D.Teenagerscanonlygototheirfriendsforhelp.BManypeoplecouldnotforgetthebeautifuldanceduringtheCCTVSpringFestivalGala.Thedancewasperformedby20disabledgirls.Theycan’thearorspeak.Buttheirperformanceisrememberedbymanypeople.TheleadingdancerofthedanceisTaiLihua.Sheis28yearsold.Sheisverybeautiful.TaiLihuawasbornhealthy.Whenshewastwoyearsold,shelostherhearingbecauseofafever.Notlongafterthat,shebecamemute,too.Fromthenon,herworldwassilent.Butshedidn’tknowthisatfirst.Atfiveyearsold,whensheplayedagameaboutsoundswithherschoolmatesshediscoveredthatshewasdifferentfromtheothers.Shewasverysadaboutit.Herfatherwenttomanyplacestolookforbesttreatmentsforherillness.Butnothingworked.Whenshewassevenyearsold,shewenttoaschoolfordeafandmutechildren.Inthatschool,shedidwellinherstudies.Herteachersaidsheusedhermindmorethantheothersandwasgoodatexpressingherfeelingthroughdance.Shealsobegantolovedance.Shethoughtshecouldusedancetoexpresswhatshethoughtaboutlife.Whenshewas15yearsold,shebegantolearntodance.Atfirst,shecouldn’tdancewell.Butshedidn’tstop.Sheworkedharderthantheothers.Shealsospentmoretimelearning.Hereffortsmadeheraverygooddancer.Shehasbeentomanycountriestoperformandmanyforeignerslikeherstyle.Shenowlivesahappylifewithherfamily.66.Theunderlinedword“disabled”mostprobablymeans“_________”.A.天资聪颖的B.漂亮的C.残疾的D.丧失听力的67.Fromthepassageweknow_______.A.TaiLihuawasfounddeafandmutebyherfatherwhensheplayedagamewithherclassmates.B.TaiLihuadancedverywellatthebeginningoflearningtodanceC.TaiLihuanevergaveupwhenshewasintroubleD.TaiLihua’sparentsdidn’ttakegoodcareofher68.WhichistherightorderoftheeventstoTaiLihua?a)ShedancedduringtheCCTVSpringFestivalGala.b)Shewasahealthygirl.c)Shebegantolearntodance.d)Shelostherhearing.e)Shewenttoaschoolfordeafandmutechildren.f)Shecouldn’tspeak.g)Shefoundshewasdifferentfromtheothers.A.abdfgceB.badfegcC.bdfegcaD.bdfgeca69.PeoplecouldnotforgetTaiLihuabecause_______.A.shewasbornmuteanddeafandgoodatdancing.B.sheusedhermindmorethantheothersandcouldusedancetoexpresswhatshethought用心爱心专心 aboutlife.C.shehasbeentomanycountriesandnowlivesahappylife.D.thoughmuteanddeaf,sheisbeautifulandhard-workingandgoodatdancing.70.Thebesttitleofthestoryis________.A.ApoorgirlB.AdancerinthesilentworldC.AbeautifuldancerD.ThedanceduringtheCCTVSpringFestivalGalaCHarryPotterandtheHalf-BloodPrinceisflyingoffbookshelves.Nearly7millioncopiesweresoldintheUnitedStatesandanother2millionweresoldinEngland—justonthefirstday!Thatisarecordforthemostbookssoldinasingleday.J.K.Rowling’sstoryaboutHarryPotterandhisfriendsletmillionsofkidsandadultsaroundtheworldbeexcited.Thebookshavebeentranslatedinto62languages,andmorethan250millioncopieshavebeensold.RachelGrandi,a20-year-oldstudentlivinginNewYorkCity,boughtoneofthefirstbookssoldintheUnitedStates.ShehadlinedupatBarnes&Nobleat7:45amonFridaymorningandgothercopyoneminuteaftermidnightonSaturday.“Sheissuchanamazingauthor,”RachelsaidofJ.K.Rowling.Thekidstriedtoguessthestoryofthenewbook.“Someone’sgoingtodie,”guessedJimmy,an11-year-oldfromTexaswaitingatWaterstone’sbookstore.“AndHarry’sgoingtofallinlove!”Charlotte,8,agreedwithhim.“Ithinkoneofthecharacters(人物)willdie,IfeelalittlesadbutIthinkthestoryisgoingtobemoreinteresting,”AlloftheHarryPotterfansexpectedthebooktoendwiththedeathofamaincharacter.Rowlingdidn’tgiveawayanysecrets.“Itwouldbegreattosithereandtalkaboutbookseven,”shesaidinaninterview,“Ispentthreemonthsjustsittingthereandgoingovertheplan.Iwantedtomakeitreallygood,Ithinkyouwouldratherreadit,wouldn’tyou?”71.J.K.Rowlingis________.A.astudentB.ashopassistantC.acharacterinthebookD.awriter72.HarryPotterandtheHalf-BloodPrinceisthe_______bookinthePotterseries.A.fourthB.fifthC.sixthD.seventh73.Barnes&Nobleis________.A.acinemawhereyoucanseethemoviesaboutHarryPotterB.abookstorewhereyoucangetthebooksinthePotterseriesC.agamethateverystudentlikestoplayD.apersonwhocantellthestoriesaboutHarryPotter74.WhichoneisNOTrightaboutHarryPotterandtheHalf-BloodPrince?A.ItissoldonlyinthebookshopsintheUSAB.Alotofchildrenandadultslovethisbook.C.Manypeoplewanttoreaditbecausethereisasecretinthebook.D.Itwon’tbethelastbookinthePotterseries.75.Fromthepassageweknow_______.A.HarryPotterwilldieinthisbookB.wealsocangotothecinematoseethefilmaboutthisstory用心爱心专心 C.rowlingfinishedthebookinthreemonthsD.peopleguessedwhatwouldhappenbeforereadingthebookDHowtoprotectchildrenwebfansfromunsuitablematerialson-linewhileencouragingthemtousetheInternethaslongbeendiscussedintheUS.Forsometime,theInternetseemslikeaforest,filledwithdangerforchildren.Butforestshavewondersaswellasdangers,andwithgoodguides,someeducationandafewprecautions(预防措施),thewildsoftheInternetcanbesafelynavigated(航行).“Childrenhavetobeon-line.Ifwetellourchildrentheycan’thavechancestotheInternet,we’recuttingthemofffromtheirfuture,”saidanexpert.Mostchildrenhavestartedtousesearchengines.ManyofthemaregreatforfindinglotsofinterestingInternetsitesandtheycanalsogotoplaceswhereyoumightnotwantthemtogo.Therearesuchenginesmadejustforchildren.Acertainsoftware(软件)containsonlysitesthathavebeenselectedassafe.Themostpopularwaytolimitchanceswouldbetousewhatisknownasa“contentscreener(过滤器)”.Butthiscan’tbewhollysafe,andthebestthingparentscandoistotalktotheirkidsandletthemknowwhatisOKornotOKtoseeordoontheInternet.AnotherwayisthatmumordadisnearbywhenthechildissurfingtheInternet.Afewothertips:1)Don’tputthePCinachild’sroom,butkeepitinaplacewheremumordadcankeepaneyeonthings.ThatalsomakestheInternetmoreofafamilyactivity.2)Askyourchildnottogiveon-linestrangerspersonalinformation,especiallylikeaddressandphonenumber.3)Tellyourchildrennevertotalktoanyonetheymeeton-lineoverthephone,sendthemanything,acceptanythingfromthemoragreetomeetwiththemunlessyou’dliketo.76.Whatisthemainsubjectaboutthepassage?A.Fightingagainstchildrenon-line.B.InternetinAmerica.C.Americanchildrengoingon-line.D.Children’swebsites.77.Whatisthebestwaytoprotectchildrenfromimpropermaterial?A.Totalktochildrenandpersuadethemtotellrightfromwrong.B.TobenearbywhentheyaresurfingtheInternet.C.Tofixacontentscreeneronthecomputer.D.Tobuysomesearchenginesforchildren.78.Whichofthefollowingisrightaccordingtothepassage?A.SurfingtheInternetisthebestwayofeducatingchildren.B.UsingacontentscreenerissafeforstoppingchildrenhavingchancestotheInternet.C.Searchingenginescanstopchildrenfromreadingmaterialsunfitforthem.D.Children’snothavingchancestotheInternetmayhaveeffecton(影响)theirprogress.79.Accordingtothepassage,wecaninfer(推断)that_________.A.thewriterdoesn’tencouragechildrentosurftheInternetB.theInternethasalotofharmfulsitesC.theInternetisaforestfullofdangerD.achildwhoison-lineisdangerous80.Whatdoesthepassagetellusmost?A.Education.B.Goodguides.C.Precautions.D.Software.用心爱心专心 V.单词拼写根据句意和所给单词的首字母（或汉语提示）填空。（共10分，每小题1分）1.Theyoungmanisverystubborn.Hei_________thedoctor’sadviceandgoesonsmoking.2.Wherehaveyoubeen?Weareallc___________aboutyoursafety.3.InEnglish,givingcommandsislessp_______thanmakingarequest.4.Thepeopleontheislands__________aheavyloss(损失)whenthetyphoonpassed.5.Lilyisad____________person.Ifshedecidestodosomething,she’lldoitwell.6.ThepoliceaskedTomtos_______downwhathehadseeninareport.7.Atthemeeting,thecollegestudenti__________thathebesenttothewest,wherehewasmostneeded.8.Ihopethatshecansupportmyplan,butnowIdon’tknowher__________.(态度)9.Theleadingmembersofthedepartmentswere_____________atthemeeting.(出席)10.Thearmyannouncedthattheyhadfoundabombonabusybridgenearthe_______________partofthecity.(东南)VI.完成句子根据所给提示(用短语)完成句子（共10分，每小题1分）1.Tofinishthetaskquickly,you’dbetter______________________(利用)theinstrument.2.Aftertheteachertalkedtohim,heworkedharder___________________.(比以往任何时候)3.TheUN____________________________ininternationalrelations.(起着重要的作用)4.____________________,thereisnosuchthingasstandardEnglish.(信不信由你)5.ItoldmyfatheronthephonethatIwas_________________________myclassmates.(与……相处得好)6.Anovel________________________hisexperienceshasbeenpublishedbythePeople’sPublishingHouse.(根据……编写的)7.Aslongashedecidedtodoit,nothingcould___________________.(使他改变主意)8.___________________(攀登)themountainroadwashardworkbuttogodownthehillswasgreatfun.9.Shesaid,“Icameheretoseethedoctorthedaybeforeyesterday.”(改为间接引语)→Shesaidthatshehadgonetheretoseethedoctor_____________________.10.Hesaid,“WhenIwasachild,Iusuallyplayedfootballafterschool.”(改为间接引语)→Hesaidthat___________________________,heusuallyplayedfootballafterschool.VII．写作(满分10分)写作内容：英语课上，我正要用手机发短信，突然被老师发现……老师叫我马上收起手机……课后向老师道歉，保证不再使用……老师并没过多责备，只是说不能用手机是校规，希望我以后能遵守诺言。选用词汇:手机cellphone道歉makeanapologytosb.校规schoolregulation保证promise责备scold遵守诺言keepone’sword写作要求：请根据以上提示用5个句子来表述以上所有内容，注意要点之间的连贯和文章的完整性。用心爱心专心 Oneday,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________用心爱心专心 【试题答案】练习（一）1.A.which用作关系代词，在定语从句中作主语。2.C.“和谁讲话”要说speaktosb.本题全句应为DoyouknowthemanwhomIspoketo.。whom是关系代词，作介词to的宾语，可以省略。3.D.where是关系副词，表示地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。4.C.when是关系副词，表示时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。5.A.which是关系代词，在从句中作forget的宾语。其他几个答案都不能作宾语。6.C.解析同第5题。7.A.解析见第3题。8.A.本句话的先行词应该是films，因此，关系代词that是复数概念，其谓语动词应用复数的被动语态havebeenshown。如果句中的one前面使用了定冠词the，则theone应该视为先行词。9.A.“谈到某事物”应说talkaboutsth.。about是介词，其后要用which作宾语，不能用that。10.A.withwhich是“介词+关系代词”结构，常用来引导定语从句.with有“用”的意思，介词之后只能用which，不能用that.withwhich在定语从句中作状语，即heiswritingwithapen.11.C.infrontofwhich即infrontofafarmhouse.infrontofwhich在从句中作状语.12.D.withwhom引导定语从句.withwhom放在从句中即为:myfatherworkswiththeengineer.13.D.whose引导定语从句，在从句中作主语family的定语.14.A.that引导定语从句，因为先行词是all，所以只能选用that引导.15.D.thesame…as是固定用法，as引导定语从句时，可以作主语，宾语或表语.在本句话中，as作从句的主语.16.D.such…as是固定用法，as引导定语从句时，可以作主语，宾语或表语.在本题中，as作表语.17.B.as作关系代词可以单独用来引导非限制性定语从句。这时as所指代的不是主句中某个名词，而往往指代整个主句的含义。as在从句中可以作主语、宾语。从句可放在主句后，也可置于主句前。在本句中，as作宾语.18.B.LiMingenjoyeditverymuch是主句，withwhomIwenttotheconcert是定语从句.withwhom放在从句中为:IwenttotheconcertwithLiMing.19.C.as引导定语从句时通常构成such…as或thesame…as固定搭配，其中such和same修饰其后的名词，as为关系代词，指代其前的名词引导定语从句。as在从句中可以作主语、表语或宾语。such修饰单数名词时，要用sucha…，本题中为suchnovels，such直接修饰复数名词.20.B.things和persons是先行词.当定语从句要修饰的先行词是既表示人，又表示物的名词时，其关系代词要用that.21.D.who引导非限制性定语从句，who作从句的主语.22.C.twothirdsofwhom即:twothirdsofthe2,000workers.23.D.先行词person后有两个定语从句，第一个从句省略了关系代词whom.因为,whom作从句中met的宾语，可以省略.第二个从句whocoulddoit.who在从句中作主语，不可省略.24.A.whosetitle引导非限制性定语从句，whosetitle也可以说成thetitleofwhich用心爱心专心 25.A.forwhich引导定语从句，使用介词for,是来自于从句中的固定短语befamousfor“以……而闻名”.26.C.当先行词被such修饰时，引导定语从句的关系代词要用as.as在本从句中作主语.27.A.两个先行词theday都是表示时间的名词，但第一个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作状语，因此要用关系副词when.第二个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作动词spent的宾语，因此要用关系代词which或that来引导定语从句.28.D.在way、distance、direction等词后的定语从句中，常用that来代替“in(或其他介词)+which”、when或where，而that常可省略。29.D.forwhich在定语从句中作原因状语，可用why来替代.30.B.whichIhavelookedafter构成一个非限制性定语从句.31.A.Thereasonwhy…wasthat….已成为一种固定句型，这一句中的why和that不能随意换位，也不能将that改成because，尽管that这个词在译文中可能有“因为”的含义。32.B.非限制性定语从句常用which引导，which表示前句话的整个含义.33.A.解释见28题.34.D.主句中的two表明不能选A.从句中的are表明不能选B.bothofwhich用来引导非限制性定语从句.35.C.as引导定语从句时通常构成such…as或thesame…as固定搭配，其中such和same修饰其后的名词，as为关系代词，指代其前的名词引导定语从句。as在从句中可以作主语、表语或宾语。本题中as作从句的主语.36.B.非限制性定语从句常用which引导，which表示前句话的整个含义.37.D.38.D.解析见35题.39.A.hemakes是定语从句，从句前省略了关系代词that.40.B.whichisabadhabit非限制性定语从句.41.A.whathappened是宾语从句.all之后thatheknew是定语从句.先行词是all，所以关系代词只能用that.42.D.years是表示时间的名词，用when引导定语从句，是因为when在从句中作时间状语.第二个空选用which，引导一个非限制性定语从句.43.C.本句话的定语从句是whoowncars.其先行词是people，因此，定语从句的谓语动词要用复数的own。本句话主句的主语是Thenumberof指“……的数目”，是单数概念。因此，主句的谓语动词要用is。44.D.thatfollowed是定语从句，关系代词that在从句中作主语。45.A.先行词gas被only修饰，关系代词要用that，而不用which。46.B.throughwhich引导定语从句，throughwhich即throughthehole，在定语从句中作状语。What引导的是see的宾语从句，并作从句的主语。47.B.为便于理解，改写本句话：ThisistheschoolthatsomeGermanfriendsvisitedlastweek.不难看出，作表语的theschool是先行词。that引导了定语从句，因为that同时又作visited的宾语，所以被省略了。其它选项结构不对。48.A.解释见35题。49.C.因为是twoballpens，并且定语从句的谓语writes是单数概念。因此，C是正确选项。50.B.本句话中，主句的主语是all，为抽象概念。因此，其谓语应用单数的hasbeen。关系代词that引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语。用心爱心专心 练习（二）II—IV.21—30DACDCABCBA31—40BDBDACBABA41—50CBDACCBCAC51—60ADACACBABD61—65ADDBC66—70CCDDB71—75DCBAD76—80CADBCV.单词拼写（共10分，每小题1分）1.ignores2.concerned3.polite4.suffered5.determined6.set7.insisted8.attitude9.present10.southeasternVI.完成句子（共10分，每小题1分）1.makeuseof2.thaneverbefore3.playsanimportantrole/part4.Believeitornot5.gettingalong/onwellwith6.basedon7.changehismind8.Toclimb9.twodaysbefore/earlier10.whenhewasachildVII．写作(满分10分)OnePossibleVersion:Oneday,Iwasabouttosendashortmessagewithmycellphone/mobilephoneinanEnglishclasswhenIsuddenlyfoundmyteacherstandingbeforeme.Shelookedatmeseriouslyandtoldmetoputitawayimmediately.AfterclassIwenttomakeanapologytoherandpromisednevertouseitagaininclass.Shedidn’tscoldmemuchbuttoldmethatitwasaschoolregulationforstudentsnottousecellphonesonthecampus.Finally,shehopedthatIcouldkeepmyword/promise.用心爱心专心