(强烈推荐)初一英语语法专项讲解 4页

一、一般现在时：1、现在的状态。2、经常或习惯性动作。3、主语所具备的性格和能力。4、真理。1、标志：often（经常）,usually（通常）,sometimes（有时）,always（总是）,never（从不）,onSundays（在星期天）,everyday/month/year（每一天/月/年）2、结构：（1）主语+连系动词be(am/is/are)+名词/形容词/数词/介词短语/副词等做表语表状态（包括Therebe+n.）练习：1.I______(be)astudent.Myname_____(be)Tom.2.Where_____(be)myshoes?They___(be)here.3.Who____(be)thegirlwithlongstraighthair?Ithinkshe___(be)Kate.4.___(be)thereasupermarketontheFifthAvenue?Yes,there_____(be).（2）主语（非第三人称单数）+行为动词原形+其他（用助动词do帮助构成否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问）（3）主语（第三人称单数）+行为动词的第三人称单数+其他（用助动词does帮助构成否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句）行为动词第三人称单数加-s的形式1.-s2.辅音+y:study-studies3.以s,x,ch,sh结尾watch-watchesteach-teaches4.特殊have-hasdo-doesgo-goes二、现在进行时：表示说话瞬间或现阶段正在进行的动作。1、标志:now（现在）listen（看）look（听）2、形式：助动词be(am,is,are)+动词-ing形式（也叫现在分词），表示现在（说话的瞬间）正在进行或发生的动作。练习：1).Jim__________________(take)photosintheparknow.2).Jim_________(nottake)intheparknow.3)._______________Jim____________(take)photosintheparknow?Yes,he_____.No,he_______.4).Where_________Jim____________photosnow?Inthepark.3、现在进行时的肯定句形式主语+be(am,is,are)+动词现在分词+其他I"mwatchingTV.4、现在进行时的否定句形式主语+be(am,is,are)+not+动词现在分词+其他Theyarenotplayingsoccer.5、现在进行时的一般疑问句形式及回答:Is(am,are)+主语+动词现在分词+其他?Yes,主语+is/am/are.No,主语+isn"t/aren"t/amnot.Areyoureading?Yes,Iam.No,Iamnot.6、现在进行时的特殊疑问句形式:特殊疑问词+is/am/are+主语+现在分词+其他?例:Whatisyourbrotherdoing?7、动词+ing形式(现在分词)的构成.1一般情况下在动词词结尾加-ing.如:eat--eating,do-doing,clean-cleaning,play-playing,2以不发音的元音字母e结尾的动词,先去掉e再加-ing.如:take--taking,write-writing,have-having,come-coming.dance—dancing3词尾如果是以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词.应该先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ing.如:run-running,sit-sitting,swim-swimming,shopping,put-putting,sit-sitting 三、情态动词：1、任何主语+can/may/must+动词原形2、主语+can’t/maynot/mustn’t+动词原形3、Can/May/Must+主语+动词原形？4、疑问词+can/may/must+主语+动词原形？四、谓语动词（是固定搭配）1.like+todo不定式/doing动名词2.wanttodosth.3.lovetodo4.wouldliketodosth.5.enjoydoingsth.6.thanksfordoing7.stopdoingsth8.letsb.dosth.Shewants_____(have)aparty.Doeshelike_______(swim)?Thanksfor_______(enjoy)CCTVshow.Sheneverstops____(talk).五、祈使句：Gostraightandturnleft/right.GothroughFifthAvenue.Takeataxi（Takeabus，Takeawalk……）六、人称代词：我你他她它我们你们他/她/它们主格：Iyouhesheitweyouthey宾格：meyouhimheritusyouthem形容词性物主代词：我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他/她/它们的myyourhisheritsouryourtheir练习：1.________(我)amaworker._________(你)areadoctor.______(她)isateacher.2.Thisis(他的)shirt.3.Thisis__________(我的)pen.4._________(他们的)trousersarethere.5.Ilikethispicture.Pleasegive________(它)to________(我).6.Peopleget________(他们的)moneyfrom_________(我).7._____(他们)arenewstudents._____(他们的)namesareLucyandLily.8.Theseare_____(我们的)shoes.Can____(我们)wear______(它们).9．Thank_______for_______(你的)help.10._______(他)loves_______（她）,and_______(她)loves_______（他）,too.______(我)love_________（你）,and________(你)love_______（我），too.典型例题1.填空题1.MrGreen_____(be)aworker.Nowhe____(work)inthefield.2.Listen!Who_______(sing)?3.Whattime____yourbrotherusually_____(do)hishomework?4.Youcan_______(come)herebybus.5.Who____(have)aruler?6.Arethey_____(clean)theroom?7.-____you____(eat)dinner?–Yes,weare.8.Jack____(have)asoccerball,buthe____(nothave)abasketball.9._______Jim_______(like)______(run)?10.They_____(be)fromCanada.They______(notspeak)Chinese.11.Hewants_________________(be)tall.2.汉译英 1.我们正在吃晚餐。We__________________________.2、我们每天6点起床。We__________________atsixeveryday.3．你们在聊天吗？是的。_______they_______?Yes,they_____.4、他们常常聊天吗？不是。______theyoften______?No,they________.5、他在做什么？他在做作业。What____he___?He_______.6、他晚上常干什么？他常做作业。What___heusually___intheevening?Heusually______.阅读理解A篇Thousandsofyearsago.TherewasaverycleverkingwiththenameofSoloman.Therearemanystoriesabouthim.Hereisoneofthemwhichshowshowcleverhewas.Oncethereweretwowomen.Theylivedinthesamehouse,andeachhadababy.Onenight,oneofthebabiesdied,anditsmothertooktheotherwoman"schild,andputitinherownbedinstead.Thenextmorningtheyhadaquarrel."No,thisismychild,thedeadoneisyours,"saidtheother.Eachonewantedthelivingbaby,butnoonecouldtellwhomitbelongedto.SotheywenttoseeKingSolomon.WhenKingSolomonheardtheirstory,hesaid,"Bringmeaknife,cutthechildintwo,andgiveeachwomanonehalf.""That"sveryfair,oh,brightKing!"saidthedeadbaby"smother."Givehermychild,letitbehers,butdon"tkillthechild.Oh,King!"criedtheotherwomanintears.ThenKingSolomonpointedtothewomanintearsandsaid,"Givethechildtoher,forsheisitsmother."根据短文内容,判断正（T）误（F）1.Thetwowomeninthesamehouseeachhadachild.()2.Onenightthetwobabiesdied.()3.ThetwowomenquarrelledbecauseSolomonkilledtheirbabies.()4.Solomoncametoseethemothersaftertheirbabiesdied.()5.KingSolomoncutthelivingchildintwoandgaveeachwomanonehalf.()B篇Ayoungofficerwasatarailwaystation.Onhiswayhome,hewantedtotelephonehismothertotellherthetimeofhistrain,sothatshecouldmeethimatthestationinhercar.Helookedinallhispockets,butfoundthathedidnothavetherightmoneyforthetelephone,sohewentoutsideandlookedaroundforsomeonetohelphim.Atlastanoldsoldiercameby,andtheyoungofficerstoppedhimandsaid,"Haveyougotchangefortenpence?""Waitamoment,"theoldsoldieranswered,beginningtoputhishandinhispocket,"I"llseewhetherIcanhelpyou.""Don"tyouknowhowtospeaktoanofficer?"theyoungmansaidangrily."Nowlet"sstartagain.Haveyougotchangefortenpence?""No,sir,"theoldsoldieransweredquickly.根据短文内容,选择正确答案60.Theyoungofficerwantedtotelephonehismothertotellher_________.() A.thathewasgoingtovisitherB.whenhistrainwouldleaveC.whenhistrainwouldarriveD.thathewasnowattherailwaystation61.Helookedaroundforhelpbecausehe_________.()A.didn"thavecoinsforthephonecallB.hadnomoneytomakethephonecallC.didn"thavethelocalmoneyD.wantedtochangemoney62.Theoldsoldier_________.()A.wasgladtohelphimB.didn"tknowifhehadcoinsC.didn"twanttohelphimD.wasangry63.Theyoungofficerwasangrybecausehethoughttheoldsoldier_________.()A.didn"tknowhowtospeaktohimB.didn"twanttohelphimC.didn"tanswerhimcorrectlyD.wasnotfriendlytohim64.Theoldsoldierinthestorywas_________.()A.cleverB.stupidC.politeD.friendly