2019版高考英语语法专题突破全国通用版（全解析）专项训练：专题12特殊句式word版含解析 13页

高考感知k1.（2017.天津高考，11，改编）ItwaswhenIgotbacktomyapartmentIfirstcameacrossmynewneighbors.答案：that本句中去掉Itwas和空格所填词，句意完整，可以判断本句是强调句型，被强调的是时间状语从句whenIgotbacktomyapartment,故填that。2.（2016•江苏高考，34）Notuntilrecentlytheyencouragethedevelopmentoftourists-relatedactivitiesintheruralareas.答案：did根据句首的Notuntilrecently可知，本句要用部分倒装形式，也就是将助动词置于主语前。encourage的动作发生在过去，需用一般过去时。3.（2015-天津高考，3）OnlywhenLilywalkedintotheofficesherealizethatshehadleftthecontractathome.答案：did“oiily+状语从句”位于句首，句子谓语需要部分倒装，即将助动词置于主语前。本句是一般过去时，故需在主语前加dido4.（2015•湖南高考，24）Videogamescanbeapoorinfluenceif（leave）inthewronghands.答案：leftleave的逻辑主语是videogames,两者之间存在被动关系，故需用过去分词表示被动意义。ifleft是iftheyareleft的省略形式。5.（2015•湖南高考，31）Always（keep）inmindthatyourmaintaskistogetthiscompanyrunningsmoothly. 答案：keep分析句子可知本句是一个祈使句，故需用动词原形。考点归纳L一、强调句 句式结构：Itis/wa.s+主语/宾语/状语+that/who+艽他成分（只有强调部分为人时.才可用who）Itwastheexperimentthatmyfatherdidinthelabyesterdayevening.Itwasmyfatherthat/whodidtheexperimentinthelabyesterdayevening.强调句的一般疑问句：WasitLucy(hatphonedjustnow?Is/Wasit+被强调部分+lhat+K•他成分？Wasitlastyearthatthebuildingwascompleted?强调句强调句的特殊疑问句：疑问同（被强调部分）+is/w«sh+1hat+其他成分？Whywasitthatyoudidn’tattendthemeeting?Howwasilthathewenttoschool?notuntil句型中的强调:Itis/was+notuntil…+that+其他成分Itwasnotuntil12o"clockthathewenttobed.ItwasnotuntilthelastoperationwasfinishedthatBethuneleftthebattlehospital.强调句甩的判断方法：ItwasthreeyearsagothathewenttoAmericaforfurtherstud-将句中的Itis/was和that/who去搾•如果句子ies.（强调句）意义和结构仍完粮就是强调句.否则就不是IlisthebestfilmthatIhaveseen.(定语从句)对消语动W的强调助动Wdo*does-did川4:动W垛形前•用來对谓访动同进行强调Docomeheretomorrow.Hedoesstudyhard.Theaccidentdidhappentheotherday.-二、倒装句not•nowhere•never,hardly,little，seldom•rarely.bynomeans♦innoway*innocase*atnotime*undernocircumstances等卉定意义的剃间或短位于句酋时.句子部分倒装NeverinmylifehaveIseensuchathing.SeldomdocshecomebackonSundays.notonly...but（also）...连接两个分句Kt于句昔吋，notonly分句川部分倒装Notonlyisheinterestedinfootballbuthealsoplaysitwell.nosooner...than,hardly/scarcely...when…结构中.nosooner/hardly/scarcely货于句首时，主句川部分倒装.且多川过去完成吋.than/when后的从句多用一般过去吋llardly/Scarcclyhadhefallenasleepwhenaloudknockatthedoorawakedhim.oMM>nerhadIreachedthestationthanthetrainmoved.not...until结钩中，notuntilS于句首时，主句用部分倒装Notuntilhismothercamebackdidhefinishhishomework.副词ody+状语（介词短语、副词、状语从句〉押于句首时•句子部分倒装OnlythendidIrealizetheimportanceoflearningEnglish.OnlyafterhecamebackwasIabletoseehim.so/such...lhat句遭中，so/such...货于句首时Somovedwasshethatshecouldnotsayaword.Soharddoeshework(hathehasmadegreatprogressinEnglish.as/though引导让步状语从句时，常把名词、形容词、副词、动词原形移到as/lhough之骱。如果作表语的是单数可数名词.要析略冠词Youngas/thoughIam，IhavemadeupmymindtobecomewhatIwantlobewhenIgrowup.Childasheis,hehasiomakealiving. so，neither,nor置F句首，表示前面的情况也适用于另一人或物时1haveneverbeentoGuangzhouUniversity；neither/norhashe.Shehasfinishedherhomework；sohasherbrother.在if引导的虚拟语气条件句中.从句捫语动同含存were,had•should等同.可将if打略•把were，had,should移到主语之前WereIyomIwouldtakethechallengingjob.Hadyoucomeafewminutesearlier,youwouldhaveseenhim.Shouldhebeherenextweek，hewouldhelpus.up.down,out，in，away,off等表示地点方位的副词或there9here，now.then等货f句首时，若主语足名词川全部倒装.若主语足人称代词，则不倒装Herearcsomeregisteredlettersforyou.Incameamanwithawhilebeard.Herehecomes.衣示地点的介W短访肾于句TT吋.ft谓i/i动W为be，lie*live,sit,hang«remain,stand，exist等表示“存在”的不及物动词时Onlopofthemountainstandsanancienttemple.Atthef(M>tofthehillliesabeautifullake.InalecturehallofauniversityinEnglandsitsaprofessor.主、系、表结构中的表逬迓于句首吋PresentatthemeetingwereMrIJandmanyotherofficers.Gonearethedayswhenweusedtheforeignoil.完全倒装 一些闻定结构中的卉略beableto，begoingto«oughtto»haveto,usedto笠结构后，打略不定式时.通常保留toIdon’tgoswimmingnowbutIusedto(goswimming).三、省略句简单句的宵略析略主语(You)()jx?nthedoor,please.省略主渭或主則的一部分(Isthere)Anythingelse?(Youcome)Thiswayplease.省略宾语—DoyouknowTom?一Idontknow(him).析略表语—Areyouhungry?—Yes，Iam.并列句的打略后一分句可以打略与前边分句相同的部分Tosomelifeispleasuresandtoothers(lifeis)suffering.名词性从句中的省略宾讲从句中连接词that可以省略.mid连接两个或两个以上的that从句时.只可省第一个thatIhope(that)youcancome.Iho|)e(that)youcancomeandthatyoucanhelpme.think/believe/supix)se/ex|)ect/ho|)e十so/not结构的省略—Isshecoming?—Ibelieveso/nbegoingto•oughtto.haveto. 四、插入语插入语通常与句中其他成分没有语法上的关系，多用逗号与句子隔开，用来表示说话者对句子所表达意思的情感或态度，对句子表达起修饰、强调、缓和语气等作用。插入语可能是一个词、一个短语或一个句子。掌握插入语不仅有助于正确理解句意，灵活运用插入语于书面表达中还能提高作文的得分。1.常用作插入语的副词indeed的确，surely无疑，however然而，obviously显然,frankly坦率地，naturally自然而然地，fortunately幸运地，strangely奇怪地，honestly真诚地，briefly简单地说，luckily幸运的是2.常见的作插入语的形容词或其短语mostimportantofall最为重要的是worsestill更糟糕的是3.常用作插入语的介词短语inafewwords(或insum,inshort)简而言之inhis/myopinion在他/我看来inotherwords换句话说inasense在某种意义上ingeneral一般说来inmyview在我看来inconclusion总之infact事实上inaddition此夕卜ofcourse当然asamatteroffact事实上forinstance/example例如tomyjoy/delight/satisfaction使我欣慰/高兴/满意的是to theirsurprise/astonishment/amazement使他们惊奇的是toherregret/disappointment使她遗憾/失望的是1.常用作插入语的分词短语strictlyspeaking严格地说generallyspeaking一般说来judgingfrom...根据判断2.常用作插入语的不定式短语tobesure无疑地tosumup概括地说tobefrank坦率地说totellthetruth老实说tostartwith首先专项训练LI.单句语法填空1.OnlyaftertalkingtotwostudentsIdiscoverthathavingstrongmotivationisoneofthebiggestfactorsinreachinggoals.答案：did“only+介词短语”位于句首，句子需要部分倒装，discover这一动作发生在过去，故用助动词did。2.Tomseldom,if,paidforthesoftwareonhiscomputer.Thatis,heusedlotsofpiratedsoftware.答案：ever句意：汤姆从不花钱买电脑软件。如果有过的话也很少。也就是说，他使用了大量的盗版软件。ifever“如果有过的话”符合题意，相当于ifhehadeverpaid...的省略。故填ever。3.Itishumanerrors,ratherthanthenaturaldisaster,thattoblameforthedeathofsomanyinnocentpeopleinthelandslideatanindustrialparkinShenzhen.答案：are分析句子结构可知，本题为强调句，被强调部分为句子的主语。根据主语humanerrors可知本题的谓语动词为复数形式，betoblameforsth.“对负责，因受到责备”，符合题意。4.Intothedarkapartment(walk)David，whowasquitesurprisedwheneveryoneshouted‘‘Happybirthday!” 答案：walked介词短语置于句首，句子用完全倒装，由定语从句中动词的时态可判定此处也用一般过去时。1.ItwasnotuntilwehadstayedtogetherforacoupleofweeksIfoundwehadalotincommon.答案：that句意：直到我们在一起待了几个星期我才发现我们有许多共同之处。notuntil句式的强调句结构为:Itis/wasnotuntil...that...o2.—Youdidn’twaitforMrSmithlastnight,didyou?—No,butwedidn’tneed.Hedidn’treturnhomeatall.答案：to作为实义动词need后接动词不定式，to后省略了waitforMrSmith以避免重复，省略时需保留动词不定式符号。故填to。3.Muchfewreaderssucceed,itisexcitingforreaderstotakethechallengetoguesstheresultwhenastorycomestotheend.答案：as/though句意：尽管很少有读者成功，但对于他们而言，当故事接近尾声时猜测一下结局还是很令人兴奋的。as构成的倒装结构为虹+as+主语+谓语”，though有时也这样用。4._Idon’tthinkthattheywillreachanagreementinsuchashorttime.—doI.Itwilltaketimetofindawin-winsolution.答案：Neither/Nor句意：我认为他们不会在这么短的时间内迗成协议。——我也不这么认为。找到一个双臝的解决办法需要点时间。当两个不同的人对同一件事表示同样的观点时，陈述第二个人的观点，句子可以用倒装省略的形式，即so/neither/nor+助动词+主语。根据上文中的“Idon’tthink”可知，应用副词Neither/Nor。5.When(watch)thefilminthetheatre,theaudienceburstoutlaughing.答案：watching动词watch与其逻辑主语(即主句主语theaudience)构成主动关系，所以从句的完整结构为Whentheaudience werewatchingthefilminthetheatre,可省略主语和be动词。故填watchingo1.“Anawfulaccident，however,occurtheotherday，theoldmanrepeated,tremblingallover.答案：did句意：一位老人浑身颤抖地重复道：“然而前些天，一场可怕的事故确实发生了。”此处是对谓语动词occur进行强调，所以应用助动词do的相应形式；由“theotherday”可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事，应用do的过去式did。2.单句改错1.Situnderthetreewasacharminggirlagedaboutseventeenoreighteen.答案：Sit—Sitting句意：坐在树下的是一位十七八岁的迷人的女孩。这是一个倒装句，正常语序应是Acharminggirlagedaboutseventeenoreighteenwassittingunderthetree.2.ItwasatthattimewhenIrealizedhowimportantitwastomasteracertainskill.答案：whenthat此句强调的是扰语atthattime,强调句型的结构是Itis/was...that...，因此将when改为that。3.Oppositeourschoollyingapark,wherealotofpeopleplayortakeexerciseatanytime.答案：lying-Hies表示地点的介词短语Oppositeourschool位于句首，句子全部倒装，即主语放在谓语动词后面。由定语从句的时态可判断此处谓语动词应用一般现在时。4.NotuntilIreturnedIrealizethataquiettownlifewasthebestforme.答案:第二个I前加didnotuntil放在句首，后面的主句要倒装。 因为谓语动词是一般过去时，故要用助动词did并提到主语前面。1.Thebuswasonehourlate.Worsemore，itpickeduppassengersonthewaytoourdestination.答案：more—stillworsestill“更糟糕的是”，固定搭配。III.语法填空Youthisakindofwealth.Itwillgraduallydisappear1timegoingby.Whatcanwedotofulfillouryouth?Inmyopinion,foronething,itistorealizeourvalue,ouridea2mattersalot.Nomatterwhatourideasare,wemusttryhardtoachievethem.Whenweareyoungwearefullofenergy.Wehavethe_3_(good)conditionsinourlives.Goodmemories,goodunderstandingsandsoon.Weshouldmakefull4oftheseconditionstostudymore.For5>weshoulddoasmanythingsaspossiblewewanttodo.Ofcourse,theymustenrichourlives，6canmakeitpossibleforustogathermanydifferentexperiencesthatareworth7(remember)whenweareold.Thenwhenwearereallyold,whenwecannotmoveany8，wecanbeproudofour9(achieve)thatwehaveeverexperiencedinhappiness10wecansaywehavenoregretinourlives.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。年轻就是财富，随着时间的流逝一切都将消失，但为青春奋斗所取得的成就会让我们的人生更加丰富多彩。随着时间的流逝”。此1.with考查介词。withtimegoingby处为with复合结构。2.that考查强调句。句意：在我看来，实现自己的价值和想法，是非常重要的。Itis...that用来强调torealizeourvalue,ouridea。 1.best考查形容词的最高级。句意：青年时期在我们生命中处于最好的状态。由句意和表示范围的inourlives可知用最高级。2.use考查固定短语。makefulluseof“充分利用”。3.another考查固定短语。上文提到foronething“一方面”，故此处用foranother“另一方面’’。4.which考查定语从句的引导词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代主句内容，在从句中作主语，故填which。5.remembering考查固定短语。beworthdoingsth.“值得做某事”。6.more/longer考查固定短语。not…anymore/longer“不再……”。7.achievements考查名词的复数。此处表述我们能为我们所取得的成就感到骄傲，形容词性物主代词our修饰名词，故填所给词的名词形式，且是可数名词，用复数形式。8.and考查连词。前后两个句子是并列关系，故用连词and。IV.短文改错Asweallknown,classroomisaplacewherestudentsoughttoworkhardtorealizetheirdream.However,therearesomestudentsnotusingclassproperly,thatmakesthingsgofrombadtoworse.Forexample,somestudentsplayedmobilephonesorsleepinclass，wastingplentyofprecioustime.What’sworse,somestudentsenjoychatwithothers.Notonlyitaffecttheirownstudy，butitalsodoesharmtoothers.AsfarasIamconcern,themainreasonisthattheydon"trealizetheimportantofstudy.Tosolvethisproblem,theyshouldbearinmindmakingthefulluseofclassisthebestwaytoimprovetheefficiencyofstudy.Afterall，timeandtidewaitsfornoman.答案：Asweallknown,classroomisaplacewherestudents①knowoughttoworkhardtorealizetheirdream.However,therearesome ①dreamsstudentsnotusingclassproperly,thatmakesthingsgofrom②whichbadtoworse.Forexample,somestudentsplayedmobilephonesor③playsleepinclass,wastingplentyofprecioustime.What"sworse,somestudentsenjoychatwithothers.NotonlyAitaffecttheirown④chatting⑥doesstudy,butitalsodoesharmtoothers.AsfarasIamconcern,themainreasonisthattheydon"trealize⑦concernedtheimportantofstudy.Tosolvethisproblem,theyshouldbearinmind⑧importancemakingthefulluseofclassisthebestwaytoimprovetheefficiencyof⑨study.Afterall,timeandtidewaitsfornoman.⑱wait1.known—know考查固定用法。asweallknow“正如我们都知道的”。2.dream—dreams考查名词的数。本句中“实现他们的梦想”中的dream为复数概念，因此dream改为dreams。3.thatwhich考查定语从句的引导词。在非限制性定语从句中，只能用which引导。4.played—play考查动词的时态。整篇文章为一般现在时，故此处也应用一般现在时，played改为play。5.chatchatting考查非谓语动词。enjoydoingsth.为固定搭配，表示“喜欢做某事”。因此，此处chat改为chatting。6.only后加does考查倒装。notonly置于句首，所连接的分句应部分倒装，因句子为一般现在时，主语为it,故only后应加does。7.concernconcerned考查固定搭配。asfarasIamconcerned意为“就我所知，在我看来”。8.important-*^importance考查名词。此处意为“他们没有意识到学习的重要性”，由前面的the和后面的of可知，应用名词。 1.去掉full前的the考查习惯搭配。makefulluseof“充分利用”。2.waitswait考查主谓一致。timeandtide作主语，谓语动词应该用复数形式。