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  • 2022-06-17 15:20:57 发布

新概念第一册1-2课文详解及英语语法

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课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.Excuseme对不起。这是常用于表示道歉的客套话,相当于汉语中的“劳驾”、“对不起”。当我们要引起别人的注意、要打搅别人或打断别人的话时,通常都可使用这一表达方式。在课文中,男士为了吸引女士的注意而使用了这句客套话。它也可用在下列场合:向陌生人问路,借用他人的电话,从别人身边挤过,在宴席或会议中途要离开一会儿等等。2.Yes?什么事?课文中的Yes?应用升调朗读,意为:“什么事?”Yes?以升调表示某种不肯定或询问之意,也含有请对方说下去的意思。3.Pardon?对不起,请再说一遍。当我们没听清或没理解对方的话并希望对方能重复一遍时,就可以使用这一表达方式。较为正式的说法是:Ibegyourpardon.Ibegyourpardon?Pardonme.它们在汉语中的意思相当于“对不起,请再说一遍”或者“对不起,请再说一遍好吗?”4.Thankyouverymuch.非常感谢!这是一句表示感谢的用语,意为“非常感谢(你)”。请看下列类似的表达式,并注意其语气上的差异:Thankyou.谢谢(你)。Thanks!谢谢!5.数字1~10的英文写法1—one2—two3—three4—four5—five6—six7—seven8—eight9—nine10—ten语法Grammarinuse一般疑问句一般疑问句根据其结构又分为若干种。通过主谓倒装可将带有be的陈述句变为一般疑问句。即将be的适当形式移到主语之前,如:陈述句:Thisisyourwatch.这是你的手表。疑问句:Isthisyourwatch?这是你的手表吗?(可参见Lessons15~16语法部分有关be的一般现在时形式的说明。)词汇学习Wordstudy1.coatn.上衣,外套:Isthisyourcoat?这是你的外套吗?coatandskirt<英>(上衣、裙子匹配的)西式女套装2.dressn.(1)连衣裙;套裙:Isthisyourdress?这是你的连衣裙吗?(2)服装;衣服:casualdress便服;eveningdress晚礼服新概念第一册3-4课文详解及英语语法课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.Mycoatandmyumbrellaplease.请把我的大衣和伞拿给我。这是一个省略形式的祈使句,完整的句子应为:Givememycoatandmyumbrella,please.口语中,在语境明确的情况下通常可省略动词和间接宾语,如:(Showmeyour)Ticket,please.请出示你的票。(Showmeyour)Passport,please.请出示您的护照。2.Here’syourumbrellaandyourcoat.这是您的伞和大衣。Here’s是Hereis的缩略形式。全句原为:Hereisyourumbrellaandyourcoat.缩略形式和非缩略形式在英语的书面用语和口语中均有,但非缩略形式常用于比较正式的场合。Here’s…是一种习惯用法,句中采用了倒装句式,即系动词提到了主语之前。又如Hereismyticket这句话用正常的语序时为Myticketishere。3.Sorry=I’msorry。这是口语中的缩略形式,通常在社交场合中用于表示对他人的歉意或某种程度的遗憾。Sorry和Excuseme虽在汉语中都可作“对不起”讲,但sorry常用于对自己所犯过失表示道歉,而Excuseme则多为表示轻微歉意的客套语。4.Sir,先生。这是英语中对不相识的男子、年长者或上级的尊称。例如:在服务行业中,服务员对男顾客的称呼通常为sir:WhatcanIdoforyou,sir?先生,您要买什么?Thankyou,sir.谢谢您,先生。sir通常用于正式信函开头的称呼中:Dearsir亲爱的先生Dearsirs亲爱的先生们/诸位先生们Sir可用于有爵士称号者的名字或姓名之前(但不用于姓氏之前):SirWinstonChurchill温斯顿·丘吉尔爵士SirWilliamBrown威廉·布朗爵士5.数字11~15的英文写法11—eleven12—twelve13—thirteen14—fourteen15—fifteen语法Grammarinuse否定句否定陈述句与肯定陈述句相反,它表示“否定”,并且含有一个如not之类的否定词。一个内含be的否定形式的陈述句,应在其后加not,以构成否定句:肯定句:Thisismyumbrella.这是我的伞。否定句:Thisisnotmyumbrella.这不是我的伞。请再看课文中的这两句话:针对一般疑问句的否定的简略答语是No,it’snot/itisn’t。此处省略和非省略形式的关系为:isnot=isn’t;itis=it’s。全句应为:No,itisnotmyumbrella.不,它不是我的伞。词汇学习Wordstudy1.suitn.(一套)衣服:Isthisyoursuit?这是你的衣服吗?aman’ssuit一套男装;awoman’ssuit一套女装2.please:interjection(表示有礼貌地请求对方)请;烦劳:Mycoatandmyumbrellaplease.请把我的大衣和伞拿给我。Pleasecomein.请进。新概念第一册5-6课文详解及练习答案新概念第一册5-6课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.Goodmorning.早上好。英语中常见的问候用句。对此问候的回应一般也是Goodmorning。根据一天中见面时间的不同还可以说Goodafternoon(下午好)和Goodevening(晚上好)。有时英美人见面时只简单地说一声Hello。2.ThisisMissSophieDupont.这位是索菲娅·杜邦小姐。Thisis+姓名是将某人介绍给他人时常用的句式。课文中的例子还有:Sophie,thisisHans.索菲娅,这位是汉斯。AndthisisNaoko.这位是直子。3.Mr.Blake/MissSophieDupont,布莱克先生/索菲娅·杜邦小姐。英语国家中人的姓名通常由3部分组成,即:名+中间名+姓。在一般情况下,不用中间名。在熟悉的人中间,以名相称,而在正式的场合中常用Mr.(先生),Mrs.(太太),Miss(小姐)或Ms.(女士)这些称呼再加上姓。Mr.用于男士的姓之前,不能单独使用,如课文中的Mr.Blake;而sir一般单独使用,是对长者、上司或男顾客的尊称,如:Sorry,sir.对不起,先生。Miss一般用于指未婚女子,不过有时在不知道对方是否已婚时也可使用。4.Nicetomeetyou.很高兴见到你。用于初次与他人见面等非正式场合。对方的回应一般应为Nicetomeetyou,too(我也很高兴见到你)。人们在正式的场合初次见面时常用:Howdoyoudo?相应的回答也是:Howdoyoudo?这是一句问候语,并非问话。5.国籍与国家名称有别请不要将国家名称和与其对应的国籍搞混。课文的French,German,Japanese,Korean以及Chinese都是表示国籍的词。句中表示中国国籍的词应为Chinese而不是China。语法Grammarinuse1.特殊疑问句以疑问词who,what,when,which,why,where,whose,how等引导的问句都叫特殊疑问句,也叫疑问词疑问句,有时还被称为wh-问句(wh-question)。结构一般为:疑问词+助动词+主语+主动词等。作为疑问词的what可以用来询问名字、国籍、工作、颜色、型号等。例如以下几个问句:Whatmakeisthiscar?这辆小汽车是什么牌子的?Whatnationalityareyou?你是哪国人?Whatisyourjob?你的工作是干什么?Whatcolourisit?它是什么颜色的?Whatsizeisthisskirt?这条裙子是多大号的?2.a和anSophieisanewstudent.索菲娅是一名新学生。Thisisanumbrella.这是一把雨伞。这两个句子中出现的a/an在英语中被称为不定冠词。a和an在意义上没有区别。用a/an时,我们必须记住两条基本原则:(1)a/an有不确定的意义(即所说的人、动物或东西对听者或读者来说可能是不知道的)。(2)a/an只能用于单数可数名词之前。此外还需注意a和an的发音:a(在平时讲话中发/+/音)用于辅音(不是辅音字母)之前;an(/+(/)用于元音(不仅仅是以元音字母a,e,i,o,u开头的词)之前。当我们把a或an用来说明字母表中的字母时,便会一目了然:ThisisaB/C/D/G/J/K/P/Q/R/T/U/V/W/Y/Z.这是一个B/C/D/G/J/K/P/Q/R/T/U/V/W/Y/Z字母。ThisisanA/E/F/H/I/L/M/N/O/S/X.这是一个A/E/F/H/I/L/M/N/O/S/X字母。词汇学习Wordstudy1.maken.(产品的)牌子;类型,型号;式样:Whatmakeisyourwatch?你的手表是什么牌子的?HerdressisofItalianmake.她的连衣裙是意大利式的。2.Englishadj.英国(人)的;英格兰(人)的;英国化的:IsitanAmericancaroranEnglishcar?它是美国车还是英国车?JohnisveryEnglish.约翰生活行事非常英国化。练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson6AAliceisastudent.Sheisn’tGerman.SheisFrench.T hisishercar.ItisaFrenchcar.Hansisastudent.Heisn’tFrench.HeisGerman.Thisishiscar.ItisaGermancar.B1IssheaGermanstudentoraJapanesestudent?Sheisn’taGermanstudent.She’saJapanesestudent.2IsthisaGermancaroraFrenchcar?Itisn’taGermancar.It’saFrenchcar.3IsheanItalianstudentoraGermanstudent?Heisn’tanItalianstudent.He’saGermanstudent.4IssheanItalianstudentoraChinesestudent?Sheisn’tanItalianstudent.SheisaChinesestudent.5IsthisanAmericancaroranEnglishcar?Itisn’tanAmericancar.It’sanEnglishcar.6IsheaJapanesestudentoraKoreanstudent?Heisn’taJapanesestudent.He’saKoreanstudent.7IsthisanEnglishcaroranItaliancar?Itisn’tanEnglishcar.It’sanItaliancar.8IsheanEnglishstudentoraChinesestudent?Heisn’tanEnglishstudent.He’saChinesestudent.9IsthisaFrenchcaroraGermancar?Itisn’taFrenchcar.It’saGermancar.10IsthisaChinesecaroraJapanesecar?Itisn’taChinesecar.It’saJapanesecar.11IsthisanEnglishcaroranAmericancar?Itisn’tanEnglishcar.It’sanAmericancar.12IsthisaJapanesecaroraKoreancar?Itisn’taJapanesecar.It’saKoreancar. 新概念第一册7-8课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.Myname’s=Mynameis。这是自我介绍时通常使用的句型:Mynameis…(后面加上自己的姓名)。有时也可用I’m…这一句型。2.AreyouFrench,too?你也是法国人吗?在英语中,too和either两个词都表示“也”的意思,然而too仅用于肯定句中,either则限于用在否定句中。too和either一般都放在句末,且前面通常用逗号隔开。例如:IsSophieItalian,too?索菲娅也是意大利人吗?IsRobertakeyboardoperator,too?罗伯特也是电脑录入员吗?3.Whatnationalityareyou?你是哪国人?此问句用来询问对方的国籍。也可以问Whereareyoufrom?或Wheredoyoucomefrom?4.What’syourjob?你是做什么工作的?What’s=Whatis。询问对方从事何种职业时还可以说:Whatdoyoudo?5.I’manengineer.我是工程师。I’m/aim/=Iam。口语中经常使用这种缩略形式。英语不定冠词有两个:a,an。在发音以元音音素开头的词前面用an,在发音以辅音音素开头的词前面用a。engineer/?enDNi’ni+/的发音是以元音音素开头的,所以前面要用an。(可参见Lessons5~6中的有关说明。)6.数字16~20的英文写法16—sixteen17—seventeen18—eighteen19—nineteen20—twenty语法Grammarinuse以疑问词what所引导的特殊疑问句(可参见Lessons5~6中的有关说明。)What…?这一问句可以用来询问国籍、工作等等:Whatnationalityareyou?你是哪国人?What’syourjob?你是干什么的?对于以上两个问句可如下回答:I’mSwedish.我是瑞典人。I’manairhostess.我是一名空中小姐。现在不妨改用第3人称单数来进行类似的问答:词汇学习Wordstudy1.jobn.(1)职业:What’syourjob?你是做什么工作的?(2)(一件)工作,活计:Thewholejobtakesabout40minutes.整个工作大约需要四十分钟。(3)职责:It’syourjobtobeontime.准时是你应该做到的事。2.nurse(1)n.护士;照料者:Issheanurseorahousewife?她是护士还是家庭主妇?(2)v.照料;照看:Allhertimegoesintonursingherchild.她把全部时间都花于照看自己的孩子上了。(3)v.养护;培养:nurseayoungtree养护树苗nurseanauthorofpromise培养有前途的作家练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson8A1MynameisRobert.Iamastudent.IamItalian.2SophieisnotItalian.SheisFrench.3Mr.Blackismyteacher.HeisnotFrench.B1What’shisjob?Isheapoliceman?Yes,heis.2What’sherjob?Issheapolicewoman?Yes,sheis.3What’shisjob?Isheataxidriver?Yes,heis.4What’sherjob?Issheanairhostess?Yes,sheis.5What’shisjob?Isheapostman?Yes,heis.6What’sherjob?Issheanurse?Yes,sheis.7What’shisjob?Isheamechanic?Yes,heis.8What’shisjob?Isheahairdresser?Yes,heis.9What’sherjob?Issheahousewife?Yes,sheis.10What’shisjob?Isheamilkman?Yes,heis. 新概念第一册9-10课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.Howareyoutoday?你今天好吗?这是朋友或相识的人之间见面时问对方身体情况的寒暄话,一般回答语为:Fine,thankyou.很好,谢谢。I’mfine,thankyou.很好,谢谢。I’mverywell,thankyou.很好,谢谢。如问及对方的先生或太太的情况,可以说HowisTony?或How’sEmma?等。相应的回答可为He’sfine,thanks或She’sverywell,thankyou等。2.Andyou?你好吗?是Andhowareyou?的简略说法。在回答对方问候健康的话之后反问时用。3.数字21与22的英文写法21—twenty-one22—twenty-two语法Grammarinuse1.How…?的一些社交上的用法how是一个表示“如何”的疑问词,可以用来引导一些用于社交场合的套话:(1)用于询问健康状况或一般生活情况:Howareyou?你好吗?HowisHelentoday?海伦今天好吗?Howhaveyoubeen?你一向可好?(2)Howdoyoudo?(你好吗?)是正式介绍中的一句套话,从不用来询问健康:(3)how经常用在询问目前状况的疑问句里,如:How’slife?生活如何?Howarethings?情况怎样?How’swork?工作怎么样?2.形容词的意义与作用(1)形容词修饰名词所指的人、物等。我们用形容词说明人、物等是什么样或看上去是什么样的。例如,形容词可以表示质量、大小、新旧、温度、外形、颜色、产地。(2)许多形容词可用以回答What…like?这样的问题,并可根据上下文给出笼统的或确切的信息。(3)英语中形容词作定语时一般置于名词之前,如:ayoungnurse一位年轻的护士;anoldmechanic一位老机械师alazyhousewife一个懒惰的家庭主妇;athinwoman一个瘦瘦的女人词汇学习Wordstudy1.lookv.(1)看,瞧,观,望:Lookatthatman.Ishethin?瞧那个男人。他瘦吗?Lookcarefullybeforeyoucrossthestreet.过马路前要仔细看清来往车辆。(2)面向,朝向:Theroomlooksonthesea.房间面向大海。Twowindowslooktothesouth.两扇窗子朝南。2.fineadj.(1)健康的;舒适的:HowisSteventoday?史蒂文今天怎么样?(2)极好的,优秀的:afineview美好的景色afineteacher一位优秀教师(3)优雅的,雅致的:Heisamanwithfinemanners.他是一个举止优雅的男人。练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson10A1Mr.Blakeisn’tastudent.He’sateacher.2Thisisn’tmyumbrella.It’syourumbrella.3Sophieisn’tateacher.She’sakeyboardoperator.4Stevenisn’tcold.He’shot.5Naokoisn’tChinese.She’sJapanese.6Thisisn’taGermancar.It’saSwedishcar.B1Lookatthatman.He’sveryfat.2Lookatthatwoman.She’sverythin.3Lookatthatpoliceman.He’sverytall.4Lookatthatpolicewoman.She’sveryshort.5Lookatthatmechanic.He’sverydirty.6Lookatthatnurse.She’sveryclean.7LookatSteven.He’sveryhot.8LookatEmma.She’sverycold.9Lookatthatmilkman.He’sveryold.10Lookatthatairhostess.She’sveryyoung.11Lookatthathairdresser.He’sverybusy.12Lookatthathousewife.She’ sverylazy.新概念第一册11-12课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.Whoseshirtisthat?那是谁的衬衫?这是特殊疑问句。读时用降调。2.Yes,sir?什么事,先生?请参见Lessons1~2课文详注以及Lessons3~4课文详注。3.Hereyouare.给你。是给对方东西时的习惯用语。递给对方东西或对方在找某物而你指出该物在什么地方时,往往用这种表达方式。也可以说:Hereitis(指单数的物)或Heretheyare(指复数的物)。句中的are和is一般应重读。4.非省略形式和省略形式之间的关系:itisnot=itisn’t=it’snot。5.数字30的英文写法:30—thirty语法Grammarinuse1.以疑问词whose引导的特殊疑问句(1)用来询问所有关系。所有者总是一个人而且期望得到的回答是某人的名字加-’s形式(如Tim’s蒂姆的),或者是一个所有格代词(如mine我的)。(2)这时whose也可在句子中作表语,如:(3)当所有关系中指的是某件东西或某种物质时,whose后面的名词可以省略:2.所有格形容词和所有格代词(1)所有格形容词与所有格代词都表示所有,即某人或某物属于某一个人,回答以whose引导的问句。所有格形容词my,your等是限定词,必须始终放在名词之前,只能作定语。它们的形式取决于所有者,而不是被拥有的东西。所有格代词mine,yours等不能用在名词前,并且在说话时要加重语气。它们指人或物,单数或复数都一样。请见下表:Thisismycar.这是我的汽车。(定语)Thatishercoat.这是她的上衣。(定语)Yourcarisred,mineisblue.你的车是红色的,我的是蓝色的。(主语)Thisbookishis,notyours.这本书是他的,不是你的。(表语)Ihavemyway,andshehashers.我有我的处事方式,她有她的。(宾语)(2)名词所有格是在词尾加-’s构成的,不仅可作定语,还可作表语:IsthisDave’sshirt?这是戴夫的衬衫吗?(作定语)Whoseisthatshirt?Isityourdaughter’s?那条裙子是谁的?是你女儿的吗?(作表语)练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson12A1Stellaishere.Thatishercar.2Excuseme,Steven.Isthisyourumbrella?3Iamanairhostess.MynameisBritt.4Paulishere,too.Thatishiscoat.B1Whoseisthishandbag?It’sStella’s.It’sherhandbag.2Whoseisthiscar?It’sPaul’s.It’shiscar.3Whoseisthiscoat?It’sSophie’s.It’shercoat.4Whoseisthisumbrella?It’sSteven’s.It’shisumbrella.5Whoseisthispen?It’smydaughter’s.It’sherpen.6Whoseisthisdress?It’smyson’s.It’shisdress.7Whoseisthissuit?It’smyfather’s.It’shissuit.8Whoseisthisskirt?It’smymother’s.It’sherskirt.9Whoseisthisblouse?It’smysister’s.It’sherblouse.10Whosei sthistie?It’smybrother’s.It’shistie.11Whoseisthispen?It’sSophie’s.It’sherpen.12Whoseisthispencil?It’sHans’.It’shispencil.词汇学习Wordstudy1.perhapsadv.或许,大概,可能:Perhapsitis,sir.也许是,先生。Perhapsitwillrain.也许要下雨了。Perhapsit’sSophie’shandbag.也许这是索菲娅的手提包。2.catchv.(1)接住,拦住:Catch!接着!(2)逮住,捕捉:catchathief捉住一个贼(3)染上(疾病):catchacold伤风Ihavecaughtabadcold.我得了重感冒。新概念第一册13-14课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.It’sthesamecolour.一样的颜色。same通常与定冠词the连用,表示“同一的”、“相同的”:twoboysofthesameage两个同龄的男孩子Weliveinthesamecity.我们住在同一个城市里。2.Thatisalovelyhat!真是一顶可爱的帽子!句末用的是赞叹号,表现出较强的感情色彩。句中的is用斜体,是为了强调,应重读。3.数字40,50,60,70,80,90,100,101的英文写法:40—forty50—fifty60—sixty70—seventy80—eighty90—ninety100—ahundred101—ahundredandone语法Grammarinuse1.whatcolour(s)引导的非凡疑问句(可参见Lessons5~6语法中有关非凡疑问句的说明。)以疑问词what引导的Whatcolour…?和Whatcolours…?类型的非凡疑问句式用于询问颜色。又如:WhatcolourisAnna’shat?安娜的帽子是什么颜色的?Whatcolour’sHelen’sdog?海伦的豿是什么颜色的?Whatcolour’syourshirt?你的衬衣是什么颜色的?Whatcolourisit?它是什么颜色的?2.祈使句(1)祈使句的主语通常不直接表示出来,其谓语动词用原型。祈使句用来表示请求、建议、命令、叮嘱等。如:Followme.跟我来。Shutthedoor,please.请关门。Lookout!当心!Keepoffthegrass!请勿践踏草地!Helpyourself.请自己动手。(2)某些祈使动词可以后跟and和另一个祈使动词,而不是后跟人们预料的带to的动词不定式结构:Comeandseethisgoldfish.来看这条金鱼。(不用Cometosee)Goandbuyyourselfanewpairofshoes.去给自己买双新鞋吧。(不用Gotobuy)Waitandsee.等着瞧吧。(不用Waittosee)词汇学习Wordstudy1.niceadj.(1)美好的,好看的:It’sanicedaytoday,isn’tit?今天天气真好,不是吗?That’sanicedress.那件连衣裙真好看。(2)和蔼的,友好的:Heisverynicetohisneighbours.他对邻居很友善。(3)使人兴奋的,令人愉快的:Itissonicetohaveyouhere.你能在这儿真是太好了。Haveanicetime!祝你玩得愉快点!2.smartadj.(1)漂亮的,时髦的,巧妙的:Anna’shatissmart.安娜的帽子漂亮而别致。Youlooksmartinthatnewdress.你穿那件新连衣裙看上去时髦而潇洒。(2)聪明的,伶俐的,精明的:Sheisasmartstudent.她是一名聪颖的学生。Heisasmartbusinessman.他是一位精明的商人。练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson14A1ThisisPaul’scar.2ThisisSophie’scoat.3ThisisHelen’sdog.4Thisismyfather’ssuit.5Thisismydaughter’sdress.B1Whatcolour’sSt even’scar?Hiscar’sblue.2Whatcolour’sTim’sshirt?Hisshirt’swhite.3Whatcolour’sSophiescoat?Hercoat’sgrey.4Whatcolour’sMrs.White’scarpet?Hercarpet’sred.5Whatcolour’sDave’stie?Histie’sorange.6Whatcolour’sSteven’shat?Hishatisgreyandblack.7Whatcolour’sHelen’sdog?Herdog’sbrownandwhite.8Whatcolour’sHans’pen?Hispen’sgreen.9Whatcolour’sLuming’ssuit?Hissuit’sgrey.10Whatcolour’sStella’spencil?Herpencil’sblue.11Whatcolour’sXiaohui’shandbag?Herhandbag’sbrown.12Whatcolour’sSophie’sskirt?Herskirt’syellow. 新概念第一册15-16课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.Yourpassports,please.请出示你们的护照。请参见Lessons3~4课文详注。2.Heretheyare.给您。本句中的they指passports。请参见Lessons11~12课文详注。3.名词的复数形式英语中可数名词有单数和复数两种形式,指一个以上的事物时用复数形式。可数名词的复数形式一般是在单数名词后面加上-s,如课文中的friend—friends/frendz/,tourist—tourists/’tu+rists/,case—cases/’keisiz/。请注重-s的不同发音。假如名词是以-s结尾的,变成复数时则要加-es,如dress—dresses/’dresiz/,blouse—blouses/’blauziz/。语法Grammarinuse1.表示复数的-s或-es一般遵循的发音规则(1)假如名词词尾的发音是一个清辅音(如/f/,/k/,/p/,/t/,/I/;但/s/,/M/,/tM/除外),-s发/s/的音,如:books/buks/suits/su:ts/(2)假如名词词尾的发音是一个浊辅音(如/b/,/d/,/g/,/l/,/m/,/n/,/R/;但/z/,/N/,/DN/除外)或元音,-s发/z/的音,如:ties/taiz/dogs/dogz/(3)假如名词词尾的发音是/s/,/z/,/M/,/N/,/tM/或/DN/,-s发/iz/的音,如:dresses/’dresz/blouses/’bluziz/词汇学习Wordstudy1.blueadj.(1)蓝色的,蔚蓝的:Theseaisdeepblue.大海呈深蓝色。Hewearsabluetie.他打一条蓝色的领带。(2)沮丧的,忧郁的:Helooksabitblue.他看上去有点儿忧郁。Hismoodisblue.他的情绪低落。2.greyadj.(1)灰色的,偏灰的:Hishatisgrey.他的帽子是灰色的。(2)头发灰白的:Herhairisgrey.她的头发灰白。(3)面色苍白的:Tonylooksgreyandtired.托尼面色苍白,显得疲惫。练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson16A1ItisanEnglishcar.2ItisaJapanesecar.3ItisanItaliancar.4ItisaFrenchcar.5ItisanAmericancar.6Robertisnotateacher.B1Whatcolourareyourshirts?Ourshirtsarewhite.2Whatcolourareyourcoats?Ourcoatsaregrey.3Whatcolourareyourtickets?Ourticketsareyellow.4Whatcolourareyoursuits?Oursuitsareblue.5Whatcolourareyourhats?Ourhatsareblackandgrey.6Whatcolourareyourpassports?Ourpassportsaregreen.7Whatcolourareyourumbrellas?Ourumbrellasareblack.8Whatcolourareyourhandbags?Ourhandbagsarewhite.9Whatcolourareyourties?Ourtiesareorange.10Whatcolourareyourdogs?Ourdogsarebrownandwhite. 11Whatcolourareyourpens?Ourpensareblue.12Whatcolourareyourcars?Ourcarsarered.新概念第一册17-18课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.Howdoyoudo?您好。这是用于第一次见面时的较正式用语。一般用同样的话往返答。请参见Lessons5~6课文详注。2.Comeandmeetouremployees…来见见我们的雇员……这里的and表示目的。请参见Lessons13~14中语法部分的解释。3.ThisisNicolaGrey,andthisisClaireTaylor.这位是尼古拉·格雷,这位是克莱尔·泰勒。这是介绍人们彼此熟悉时的常用句型。请参见Lessons5~6课文详注。4.名词的复数形式(2)假如名词单数词尾为-f或-fe(读作/f/),则其复数一律变为-ves(读作/vz/),即将-f或-fe变成-v,再加-es而成,如housewife----housewives。英语中有一些名词的复数形式是不规则的,如man与woman其复数形式分别为men与women。此外还可用man,woman等来区别阳性与阴性:以-man结尾的一些复合名词指男性,如milkman----milkmen,policeman----policemen;一些以-woman结尾的名词指女性,如postwoman----postwomen,policewoman----policewomen。5.数字200,1,000,1,001的英文写法200----twohundred1,000----a(或one)thousand1,001----athousandandone语法Grammarinuse1.who引导的非凡疑问句Whois…?或Whoare…?这类以疑问词who引导的疑问句通常用来询问人的姓名和身份。Who…?仅指人,可以用来询问男性、女性、单数或复数的人。如:注重这种句型与Whatis…?或Whatare…?这类句型的区别:What…?句型主要用来询问人的类别或职业,如:请参见Lessons5~6与Lessons7~8语法部分的解释。2.所有格形容词与人称代词(请参见Lessons11~12语法部分。)所有格形容词their意为“他们的”,其对应的人称代词是they。下面是人称代词及其对应的所有格形容词形式:练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson18A1Thatmanistall.Heisapoliceman.2Thosegirlsarebusy.Theyarekeyboardoperators.3OurnamesareBrittandInge.WeareSwedish.4Lookatourofficeassistant.Heisveryhard-working.5LookatNicola.Sheisverypretty.6MichaelBakerandJeremyShortareemployees.Theyaresalesreps.B1Aretheykeyboardoperatorsorairhostesses?Theyaren’tkeyboardoperators.They’reairhostesses.2Aretheypostmenorpolicemen?Theyaren’tpostmen.They’repolicemen.3Aretheypolicewomenornurses?Theyaren’tpolicewomen.They’renurses.4Aretheycustomsofficersorhairdressers?Theyaren’tcustomsofficers.They’rehairdressers.5Aretheyhairdressersorteachers?Theyaren’thairdressers.They’reteachers.6Aretheyengineersortaxidrivers?Theyaren’tengineers.They’retaxidrivers.7Aretheypolicewomenorkeyboardoperators?Theyaren’t policewomen.They’rekeyboardoperators.8Aretheymilkmenorengineers?Theyaren’tmilkmen.They’reengineers.9Aretheypolicemenormilkmen?Theyaren’tpolicemen.They’remilkmen.10Aretheynursesorhousewives?Theyaren’tnurses.They’rehousewives.词汇学习Wordstudy1.customn.风俗;习惯;Whenvisitingaforeigncountry,wemightfindthecountry’scustomsstrangetous.当我们去外国访问时,我们也许会发现该国的某些风俗习惯有些希奇。Itishiscustomtogoforawalkintheevenings.他惯常在晚上出去散步。2.customs,Customsn.[复]海关;征收关税的程序:ThespywasstoppedattheCustomsandquestioned.那个间谍在海关被截住并被加以盘问。HowlongwillitusuallytaketopasstheCustoms?通过海关检查通常要花费多少时间?新概念第一册19-20课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.What’sthematter?怎么啦?相当于What’swrong?或Tellmewhat’swrong。这个句型通常用来询问发生了什么事。假如要非凡提及某人,可以在后面加上介词with,如:What’sthematterwithyou?你怎么啦?What’sthematterwithClaire?克莱尔怎么啦?2.Mum,儿语中小孩子对母亲的称呼。与此相似,dad是对父亲的儿语称呼。3.There’s=Thereis。它表示“有”、“存在”,为there+be结构的一般现在时缩略形式。4.Twoicecreamsplease.请拿两份冰淇淋。相当于Giveustwoicecreams,please。请参见Lessons3~4课文注释。icecream是物质名词。物质名词前加不定冠词a或基数词表示一种、一份、一客、一类、一阵等。语法Grammarinuse1.there+be结构(1)在说明或询问人、物等的存在时即可使用there+be结构。说There’sanicecreamman比说Anicecreammanisthere更合乎习惯,也更为自然。there+be结构可将重要的新信息置于句末,以示强调。此结构中的实际主语是be后面的名词。因此,假如该名词是单数就用is,如是复数则为are。2.人称代词与be英文中系动词be(是)必须根据不同的人称代词作相应的变化。请参见Lessons15~16语法部分中有关be的一般现在时形式的内容,包括某些缩略形式,如:theyarenot=theyaren’t=they’renot,wearenot=wearen’t=we’renot。词汇学习Wordstudy1.thirstyadj.(1)渴的,口干的:We’retiredandthirsty.我们又累又渴。(2)(土地等)干旱的:adryandthirstyland干旱的土地(3)渴望的,渴求的(for,after):Thestudentstherearethirstyforknowledge.那里的学生有强烈的求知欲。2.mattern.(1)事情,事件:It’saprivatematter.这是件私事。He’snotveryinterestedinfinancialmatters.他对财政方面的事情并不太感爱好。(2)麻烦事,困难:What’sthematter,Anna?怎么了,安娜?What’sthematterwithSteven?史蒂文是怎么回事?练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson20A1Thosechildrenaretired.2Theirmotheristired,too.3Thaticecreammanisverybusy.4Hisicecreamsareverynice.5What’sthemat ter,children?Wearethirsty.6What’sthematter,Tim?Iamtired.B1Arethechildrentiredorthirsty?They’renottired.They’rethirsty.2Arethepostmencoldorhot?They’renotcold.They’rehot.3Arethehairdressersthinorfat?They’renotthin.They’refat.4Aretheshoessmallorbig?They’renotsmall.They’rebig.5Aretheshopsshutoropen?They’renotshut.They’reopen.6Arehiscasesheavyorlight?They’renotheavy.They’relight.7Aregrandmotherandgrandfatheryoungorold?They’renotyoung.They’reold.8Aretheirhatsoldornew?They’renotold.They’renew.9Arethepolicemenshort ortall?They’renotshort.They’retall.10Arehistrousersshortorlong?They’renotshort.They’relong.新概念第一册21-22课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.Givemeabookplease,Jane.请拿本书给我,简。这是一个祈使句。祈使句表示请求或命令。(请参见Lessons13~14语法部分的说明。)表示客气的请求时,通常加please。2.Whichbook?哪一本?是Whichbookdoyouwant?的省略形式。下文中的Thisone?是Doyouwantthisone?的省略形式。No,notthatone是No,Idonotwantthatone的省略形式。口语中常用这样的省略句。3.Thisone?是这本吗?相当于:Doyouwantthisone?one是不定代词,代替abook,以避免重复。one的复数形式是ones。one和ones前面都可用定冠词,也可有自己的定语。4.数字1,010,1,011,1,016的英文写法1,010----athousandandten;1,011----athousandandeleven;1,016----athousandandsixteen语法Grammarinuse1.人称代词代词,顾名思义,就是用来代替名词或名词短语的词,在已经知道所指的是谁或什么的情况下使用,以免行文重复。人称代词有主格和宾格之分。在陈述句中,主格代词差不多总是位于动词之前。宾格代词可代替处于宾语位置上的名词,它们可以作直接宾语和间接宾语。Giveme/him/her/us/themabook.给我/他/她/我们/他(她)们一本书。(宾格代词)2.which引导的非凡疑问句(请参见Lessons5~6中语法部分的说明。)用which+名词可询问物体(单数或复数)或物质。which总是说明一种限定的、特指的选择。如:Whichbook/booksdoyouprefer?你喜欢哪本/哪些书?Whichcardoyoulikebest?你最喜欢哪种汽车?词汇学习Wordstudy1.large与big(1)large仅指物理量值的大,是small的反义词。large主要指体积、面积、外形、数量方面的大,修饰人时指个子大。如:Chinaisalargecountry.中国是一个幅员辽阔的国家。Lookatthatlargewomaninwhite.瞧那个身穿白色衣服、个子高大的女人。(2)big所表示的大,主要指不仅体积大而且很重。所以alargebox未必big。big在修饰人时,主要指大人物,但个子未必高大。如:Itisabighouse.这是一所大房子。(此句指不仅体积大,而且给人深刻的或坚固的印象。)She’sverybiginthefilmdom.她在电影界中是个响当当的人物。(此句指不仅成功,且具有很大的影响力。)2.small与little(1)small指物理量值的小或少,是large的反义词,不带什么感情色彩。如:Itisasmallfactory.这是一个小新概念。Iwantthesmallonewiththeyellowhandle.我想要带新概念把手的那个小的。(2)little也表示小或少,但有小而可爱的感情色彩,是big的反义词。如:Thereisalittlegardenbehindourhouse.我们的屋后有个小花园。(此句表示花园虽小,但很可爱。)Shehasthesweetestlittlesmiles.她的微笑十分甜蜜可爱。练习答案 KeytowrittenexercisesLesson22A1IsthisNicola’scoat?No,it’snot.Hercoatisgrey.2Aretheseyourpens?No,they’renot.Mypensareblue.3IsthisMr.Jackson’shat?No,it’snot.Hishatisblack.4Arethesethechildren’sbooks?No,they’renot.Theirbooksarered.5IsthisHelen’sdog?No,it’snot.Herdogisbrownandwhite.6Isthisyourfather’stie?No,it’snot.Histieisorange.B1Givemeacupplease.Whichone?Thisdirtyone?No,notthisdirtyone.Thatcleanone.Hereyouare.Thankyou.2Givemeaglassplease.Whichone?Thisemptyone?No,notthisemptyone.Thatfullone.Hereyouare.Thankyou.3Givemeabottleplease.Whichone?Thislargeone?No,notthislargeone.Thatsmallone.Hereyouare.Thankyou.4Givemeaboxplease.Whichone?Thisbigone?No,notthisbigone.Thatlittleone.Hereyouare.Thankyou.5Givemeatinplease.Whichone?Thisnewone?No,notthisnewone.Thatoldone.Hereyouare.Thankyou.6Givemeaknifeplease.Whichone?Thissharpone?No,notthissharpone.Thatbluntone.Hereyouare.Thankyou.7Givemeaspoonplease.Whichone?Thisnewone?No,notthisnewone.Thatoldone.Hereyouare.Thankyou.8Givemeaforkplease.Whichone?Thislargeone?No,notthislargeon e.Thatsmallone.Hereyouare.Thankyou.新概念第一册23-24课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.动词的双宾语在Givemesomeglasses中,动词give后面有两个宾语,即直接宾语someglasses和间接宾语me。人称代词作宾语时要用人称代词的宾格。请参见Lessons21~22语法部分。2.Theonesontheshelf.是架子上的那几只。本句是省略句,句首省略了Iwant。句中的ones代表glasses。ontheshelf是介词短语,作定语,修饰ones。3.These?这几只?是Doyouwantthese?的省略形式。4.Yes,please.是的,请拿给我。当别人问你要不要某物而你同意要时,就可用这句话。假如你不同意要,则应说:No,thankyou.不,谢谢。5.数字1,117,1,420,1,925,2,000的英文写法1,117----onethousandonehundredandseventeen;1,420----onethousandfourhundredandtwenty1,925----onethousandninehundredandtwenty-five;2,000----twothousand语法Grammarinuseon引导的介词短语(1)我们经常在名词、名词短语、代词或动名词前面用介词表示人物、事件等与其他人物、事件等之间的各种关系,如空间关系、时间关系、因果关系等。介词始终带有宾语。即使介词与宾语分开时,这种关系仍必定存在。有许多固定的介词短语常可见到。许多介词短语是由介词+名词(+介词)构成的,如:ontime(准时),inthemiddleof(在……中间)。(2)当我们从不同的角度看空间中的位置时,应根据我们想要表达的意思来选择介词。想表示在一个表面(即看来是平面)上面时,就可用介词on:thepensonthedesk桌上的钢笔theboxesonthefloor地板上的盒子thebottlesonthedressingtable梳妆台上的瓶子themagazinesonthebed床上的杂志词汇学习Wordstudydesk与table在汉语中,这两个词都被称为“桌子”,而在英语中,它们仍是有所区别的。(1)desk通常指有抽屉的桌子,用于办公、读书、写字等,即“书桌”、“写字台”、“办公桌”:Heisworkingathisdesk.他正在自己的书桌前用功。Iputitonhisdesk.我把它放在他的办公桌上了。(2)table通常指由若干条腿支撑着的平板,没有抽屉,即“餐桌”、“会议桌”、“工作台”、“手术台”等:I’vebookedatablefortwoat7.00.我预订了一张两人桌,是在7点钟。Theysatroundthetableandmadethisbigdecision.他们围坐在会议桌旁,作出了这个重大的决定。练习答案Keytowrittenexercis esLesson24A1GiveJanethiswatch.Giveherthisone,too.2Givethechildrentheseicecreams.Givethemthese,too.3GiveTomthisbook.Givehimthisone,too.4Thatismypassport.Givememypassportplease.5Thatismycoat.Givememycoatplease.6Thoseareourumbrellas.Giveusourumbrellasplease.B1Givemesomepensplease.Whichones?These?No,notthose.Theonesonthedesk.2Givemesometiesplease.Whichones?These?No,notthose.Theonesonthechair.3Givemesomespoonsplease.Whichones?These?No,notthose.Theonesonthetable.4Givemesomeplatesplease.Whichones?These?No,notthose.Theonesonthecupboard.5Givemesomecigarettesplease.Whichones?These?No,notthose.Theonesonthetelevision.6Givemesomeboxesplease.Whichones?These?No,notthose.Theonesonthefloor.7Givemesomebottlesplease.Whichones?These?No,notthose.Theonesonthedressingtable.8Givemesomebooksplease.Whichones?These?No,notthose.Theonesontheshelf.9Givemesomemagazinesplease.Whichones?These?No,notthose.Theonesonthebed.10Givemesomenewspapersplease.Whichones?These?No,notthose.Theonesonthestereo. 新概念第一册25-26课文详解及练习答案1.冠词课文中refrigerator一词出现了两次,它前面分别用了两种不同的冠词:a(不定冠词)和the(定冠词)。第1次提到时用不定冠词a。(请参见Lessons5~6语法部分。)第2次时就不再是泛指任何一个,而是特指所指的那个了,因此要用定冠词the。(请参见本课语法部分的说明。)2.数字3,000,5,000,10,000的英文写法3,000----threethousand;5,000----fivethousand;10,000----tenthousand语法Grammarinuse1.定冠词the(1)定冠词the不论指人还是指物、单数还是复数,其形式都不变。(2)the的发音:the在辅音前读/J+/,如:thefloor,thetable,thebed,thedesk;the在元音(即一般前面用an的词的首字母)之前发/J!:;;;;:/,如theengineer,theicecream,theoldman,theopenwindow。当我们想使听话者非凡注重the后面的名词时,the就读为/J!:/,意思是“这一个而且只是这一个”或“主要是这一个”。(3)the的基本用法:Athe通常有明确的所指(即以说话人或听话人已知的人或物为前提);Bthe可与单数可数名词、复数可数名词及不可数名词(总是单数形式)连用。2.where引导的非凡疑问句where用来询问地点(或是确切的情况,或是一般的情况)。对where疑问句的回答可以是整句、短语或单个的词。如:Whereistherefrigerator?冰箱在哪里?Ontheright./It’sontheright.在右边。词汇学习Wordstudy1.cupn.(1)杯子(一般带柄,用于盛热饮料,如茶或咖啡):Ihaveabeautifulsetofteacups.我有一套漂亮的茶杯。I’dlikeacupoftea.我想喝一杯茶。(2)一杯饮料;一杯咖啡:Wouldyoulikeanothercup?你要再来一杯吗?YoucangetagoodcupatLucy’sCafé.你能在露西咖啡馆喝到一杯上好的咖啡。2.glassn.(1)玻璃杯或有脚的玻璃杯:Givemeaglassofwater,please.请给我一杯水。There’sacleanwineglassonthetable.桌上有一只干净的酒杯。(2)杯中物;酒:Hehashadaglasstoomuch.他多喝了一杯(或喝醉了)。I’dliketoenjoyaglassnowandthen.我喜欢不时喝点酒。练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson26A1Givemeaglass.Whichglass?Theemptyone.2Givemesomecups.Whichcups?Thecupsonthetable.3Isthereabookonthetable?Yes,thereis.Isthebookred?4Isthereaknifeinthatbox?Yes,thereis.Istheknifesharp?B1There’sacuponthetable.Thecupisclean.2There’saboxonthefloor.Theboxislarge.3There’saaglassinthecupboard.Theglassisempty.4There’saknifeontheplate.Theknifeissharp.5There’saforkonthetin.Theforkisdirty.6There’sabottleintherefrigerator.Thebottleisfull.7There’sapencilonthedesk.Thepencilisblunt. 新概念第一册27-28课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.Wherearethey?它们在哪里?句中they指图中的那些东西。(可参见Lessons25~26语法部分。)2.数字9,999与10,001的英文写法9,999----ninethousandninehundredandninety-nine;10,001----tenthousandandone语法Grammarinuse1.there+be结构(2)(1)there+be结构变成疑问句时,只需将动词be和there互换位置,句子其余部分不变。如:Isthereadirtyforkontheplate?碟子上有一个脏的叉子吗?Isthereafullbottleinthecupboard?橱柜里有一瓶酒吗?Arethereanytiesonthefloor?地上有一些领带吗?Arethereanynewspapersontheshelf?架子上有些报纸吗?(2)there+be结构变成否定句时,需在动词be后加not(any)或no。如:No,thereisnotaforkontheplate.没有,碟子上没有叉子。No,thereisn’toneinthecupboard.没有,橱柜里一个也没有。No,therearen’tanytiesonthefloor.没有,地板上没有任何领带。No,therearenonewspapersontheshelf.没有,架子上没有任何报纸。2.some和any的用法在英语中,some和any是两个最常用的数量词。用some和any时,一般不必精确地说明数量到底有多么大或多么小。它们的作用经常像是a/an的复数。(1)some(表示确定的数量)表示“某些但不是全部”的意思,通常用于肯定句中。在疑问句中,所希望的回答是Yes时也可使用some。如:Thereissomewaterintheglass.玻璃杯里有些水。Therearesomecigarettesinthebox.盒子里有些雪茄。Haveyougotsomepaper-clipsinthatbox?你那只盒子里有一些回形针吧?(我知道或我认为你有一些,故希望你会说“有”。)some加可数名词或不可数名词时,在流畅的话语中一般不重读,而念为/s+m/。(2)any(表示不确定的数量)通常用在含有not或-n’t的否定句中,也用于表示我们不能确定答案是肯定还是否定,或者用于预料得到的回答是No的疑问句中。如:Therearenotanyspoonsinthecupboard.橱柜中没有任何汤匙。Therearen’tanyplatesonthedressingtable.梳妆台上任何碟子都没有。词汇学习Wordstudynearadj.(1)靠近的,接近的:Thetelevisionisnearthewindow.电视机在窗户旁边。Therearesomeshoesonthefloor.They’renearthebed.地板上有些鞋子。它们在床四周。(2)关系接近的,亲近的:Sheisanearfriendofmine.她是我的一位密友。Myuncleismynearestrelative.我叔叔是我血缘最近的亲戚。(3)近似的;几乎是的:Thepicturemaynotbeanexactreplicabutit’sprettynear.这幅画也许不是一件一模一样的复制品,但它已酷似原作了。练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson28A1Therearesomepencilsonthedesk.2Th erearesomeknivesnearthattin.3Therearesomepolicemeninthekitchen.4Therearesomenewspapersinthelivingroom.5Therearesomekeyboardoperatorsintheoffice.B1Arethereanybooksintheroom?No,therearen’tanybooksintheroom.Therearesomemagazines.Wherearethey?They’reonthetelevision.2Arethereanytiesonthefloor?No,therearen’tanytiesonthefloor.Therearesomeshoes.Wherearethey?They’renearthebed.3Arethereanyglassesonthecupboard?No,therearen’tanyglassesonthecupboard.Therearesomebottles.Wherearethey?They’renearthosetins.4Arethereanynewspapersontheshelf?No,therearen’tanynewspapersontheshelf.Therearesometickets.Wherearethey?They’reinthathandbag.5Arethereanyforksonthetable?No,therearen’tanyforksonthetable.Therearesomeknives.Wherearethey?They’reinthatbox.6Arethereanycupsonthestereo?No,therearen’tanycupsonthestereo.Therearesomeglasses.Wherearethey?They’renearthosebottles.7Arethereanycupsinthekitchen?No,therearen’tanycupsinthekitchen.Therearesomeplates.Wherearethey?They’reonthecooker.8Arethereanyglassesinthekitchen?No,therearen’tanyglassesinthekitchen.Therearesomebottles.Wherearethey?They’reintherefrigerator.9Arethereanybooksintheroom?No,therearen’tanybooksintheroom.Therearesomepictures.Wherearethey?They’reonthewall.10Arethereanychairsintheroom?No,therearen’tanychairsintheroom.Therearesomearmchairs.Wherearethey?They’renearthetable 新概念第一册29-30课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.untidy,乱,不整洁。un-是前缀,表示“not”这类否定的意思。2.airtheroom,给房间通通风。这里的air作动词用。名词作动词用是英语构词法的一种。又如:dust(n.)灰尘;(v.)掸掉灰尘。语法Grammarinusemust(1)must是一个情态助动词,表示“必须”、“应当”,与haveto相似,表示不可逃避的义务。在说话人看来,没有选择余地。但是,must带有个人色彩,表示说话人的主观意图。表示个人感情时通常用must。Youmust…(你必须……)表示说话人说/认为……是必要的。如:Youmustsweepthefloor.你必须扫地。(我说这有必要)词汇学习Wordstudy1.air(1)n.空气,新鲜空气:Let’sgooutandbreathesomefreshair.咱们出去呼吸点新鲜空气吧。(2)n.空中,空间:Helikestostayintheopenair.他喜欢在户外呆着。(3)v.晾(衣服、被褥等);使通风:Openthewindowsandairtheroom.打开窗户使房间通风。Leavethetrousersonthewashing-linetoair.把裤子挂到晾衣绳上去晾干。2.empty(1)v.使空;把…倒出(移出):Emptythebottleofmilk.倒光瓶里的牛奶。Theyemptiedthehouse.他们把房屋搬空了。(2)v.流出;走出:Theriveremptieditselfintothesea.河水流入大海。Itwasraining,andthestreetsbegantoempty.天下起了雨,街上的行人开始稀少了。(3)adj.空的:Therearesomeemptybottlesintherefrigerator.冰箱里有一些空瓶子。Herpurseisempty.她的钱包是空的。(4)adj.空虚的,无意义的:It’sanemptydream.这是个不现实的梦想。Officialswereflatteredbyemptycomplements.官员们被空洞的恭维话弄得心里美滋滋的。(5)adj.呆板的,毫无表情的:Shelookedathimwithemptyeyes.她木然地看着他。Hesaidallthisinanemptyvoice.他用一种呆板的声调说了这一切。练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson30A1Cleanit!2Shutit!3Openit!B1Shutthedoor!2Openthewindow!3Putonyourshirt!4Takeoffyourshoes!5Turnonthestereo!6Turnoffthetap!7Sweepthefloor!8Cleantheblackboard!9Dustthecupboard!10Emptythecup!11Readthismagazine!12Sharpentheseknives!新概念第一册31-32课文详解及练习答案词汇学习Wordstudy1.climbv.(1)攀登,攀爬:Thechildrenarealwaysclimbingtrees.孩子们总是在爬树。Helikesclimbingmountains.他喜欢爬山。(2)逐步上升(增长):Thetemperatureisclimbingsteadily.温度正在慢慢地平稳上升。Thepriceofgoldclimbedback.金价逐渐回升了。(3)(在社会地位等方面)往上爬:Heistryinghardtoclimbtothetopofthesocialladder.他正努力爬到社会的最顶层。Hehasclimbedtoaveryhighpositioninhisfield.他已在自己的领域中爬到了一个很高的位置。2.runv.(1)跑,奔跑:Heisrunningquickly.他正飞快地跑着。Herunsamileeverymorningtokeepfit.他天天早晨跑一英里步以保持身体健康。(2)流动;流出:Thecurrentisrunningstrong.水流湍急。Hereyesranwithtears.她落泪了。(3)追赶;追逐:Thedogisrunningafteracat.那只豿正在追赶一只猫。Manyyoungmenarerunningafterthatgirl.许多年轻人在追求那个姑娘。语法Grammarinuse现在进行时(1)(1)在英文中若想表达此刻正在进行的动作或事件,要用动词的现在进行时形式。现在进行时由be的现在时形式(am,is,are)+现在分词组成。如课文中的Shessittingunderthetree和Hesclimbingthetree等句子均为现在进行时。对大多数动词来说,在动词后面直接加-ing即可构成现在分词,如doing,climbing。以-e结尾的动词,要去掉-e,再加-ing,如making。假如动词只有一个元音字母而其后跟了一个辅音字母时,则需将与辅音字母双写,再加-ing,如running,sitting。(2)疑问式:将用了现在进行时的句子变成一般疑问句时只需将助动词提前。如:Hesreadingamagazine.Ishereadingamagazine?他正在看一本杂志吗?(3)否定式:现在进行时的否定式是将否定词not放在助动词之后。如:Thedogisdrinkingitsmilk.Thedogisnotdrinkingitsmilk.豿没在喝它的那份牛奶。练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson32A1Heisopeningthewindow.2Sheissharpeningthispencil.3Sheisdustingthecupboard.4Sheisemptyingthebasket.5Heislookingatthepicture.B1WhatisMr.Richardsdo ing?Ishecleaninghisteeth?No,heisntcleaninghisteeth.Hesopeningthewindow.2Whatismymotherdoing?Issheshuttingthedoor?No,sheisntshuttingthedoor.Shesmakingthebed.3Whatisthedogdoing?Isitdrinkingitsmilk?No,itisntdrinkingitsmilk.Itseatingabone.4Whatismysisterdoing?Isshereadingamagazine?No,sheisntreadingamagazine.Sheslookingatapicture.5WhatisEmmadoing?Isshedustingthedressingtable?No,sheisntdustingthedressingtable.Shescookingameal.6WhatisAmydoing?Isshemakingthebed?No,sheisntmakingthebed.Shessweepingthefloor.7WhatisTimdoing?Ishereadingamagazine?No,heisntreadingamagazine.Hessharpeningapencil.8Whatisthegirldoing?Issheturningonthelight?No,sheisntturningonthelight.Shesturningoffthetap.9Whatistheboydoing?Ishecleaninghisteeth?No,heisntcleaninghisteeth.Hesputtingonhisshirt.10W hatisMissJonesdoing?Issheputtingonhercoat?No,sheisntputtingonhercoat.Shestakingoffhercoat.新概念第一册33-34课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.Itisafinedaytoday.今天天气好。句中的it是指天气。又如:Isitcoldtoday?今天冷吗?No,itisn’t.不,不冷。2.someclouds,几朵云。some既可修饰可数名词,也可修饰不可数名词。如:sometables一些椅子(可数名词),somemilk一些牛奶(不可数名词)。3.Therearesomecloudsinthesky,butthesunisshining.天空中飘着几朵云,但阳光灿烂。这句是并列句,由两个分句构成,连词but表明分句之间存在着对比及转折关系。两分句之间大多要用逗号,有时可不用逗号。4.Mr.Jonesiswithhisfamily.琼斯先生同他的家人在一起。句中with是介词,表示“和……一起”。family是指“家里的人”或“家庭成员”。5.Theyarewalkingoverthebridge.他们正在过桥。句中的over有“穿过”的意思。又如:Theaeroplaneisflyingovertheriver.飞机正在河上飞过。Thebirdsareflyingoverthehouse.鸟儿在屋上飞过。over还可表不“在……上方”(不接触表面),如:Theskyisoverourheads.天空在我们头顶上。6.Therearesomeboatsontheriver.河上有几艘船。句中on意为“在……上面”(接触表面)。又如:Thereisabookonthetable.桌上有一本书。7.Theshipisgoingunderthebridge.那船正从桥下驶过。句中under意为“在……下面(或下方)”。如:Thereisadogunderthetree.树下有只豿。ship一般指海洋中行驶的大船。boat一词指河中行驶的小船。另外:aeroplane(英国英语),airplane(美国英语),飞机(正式用语);plane,飞机(非正式用语)。语法Grammarinuse现在进行时(2)(请参见Lessons31~32语法部分。)现在进行时的形式是由be的现在时形式+现在分词形式构成。当句中主语名词为复数或者人称代词为第2人称或第3人称复数时,be的现在时形式应为are。词汇学习Wordstudy1.jumpv.(1)跳跃;跃过:Theyarejumpingaditch.他们正跃过一个深沟。Theyjumpedoffthewallandranoff.他们从墙上跳下去跑掉了。(2)略去;跳过:Hejumpedthefirstgradeincollege.他跳过大学一年级(指跳级直接升入二年级)。(3)忽然上升;猛增:Theyjumpedtheregistrationfeesfrom£20to£50.他们把注册费从20英镑涨到50英镑。Hiscompany’sprofitsjumpedsurprisinglylastyear.他所在公司去年的利润令人惊异地飞速增加。2.sleep(1)v.睡觉:Hesleepsforonly4hourseverynight.他每夜只睡4个小时。IwassoexcitedthatIcouldhardlysleep.我兴奋得无法入睡。(2)n.睡眠;睡觉:Hehadagoodsleeplastnight.他昨天夜里睡得很酣畅。练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson34A1Sheistypingaletter.2Sheismakingthebed.3Heiscoming.4Thesunisshining.5Heisgivingmesomemagazines.B1Whatarethemendoing?They’recookingameal.2Whataretheydoing?They’resleeping.3Whatarethemendoing?They’reshaving.4Whatarethechildrendoing?They’recrying.5Whatarethedogsdoing?They’reeatingbones.6Whatarethewomendoing?They’retypingletters.7Whatarethechildrendoing?They’redoingtheirhome-work.8Whatarethewomendoing?They’rewashingdishes.9Whatarethebirdsdoing?They’reflyingovertheriver.10Whataretheydoing?Th ey’rewalkingoverthebridge.11Whatarethemanandthewomandoing?They’rewaitingforabus.12Whatarethechildrendoing?They’rejumpingoffthewall.新概念第一册35-36课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.Thisisaphotographofourvillage.这是我们村庄的一张照片。句中of是介词,表示“……的”。又如:thewindowsofaroom房间的窗户2.Itisbetweentwohills.我们的村庄坐落在一个山谷之中。句中It指village。between是介词,表示“在……(两者)之间”。又如:Themanisstandingbetweentwopolicemen.这个男人正站在两名警察之间。3.alongthebanksoftheriver,沿着河岸。along为介词,表示“沿着”。4.Heisswimmingacrosstheriver.他正横渡小河。across为介词,表示“通过”某个平面。5.besideapark,位于公园旁边。beside为介词,表示“在……旁边”。语法Grammarinuse短语动词短语动词通常是指后面常跟一个介词或副词短语的动词,即动词+介词或副词小品词。英语(特别是在非正式的、惯用的英语)中存在着一种用动词短语代替与其同义的单个动词的强烈趋势。如听到敲门声,我们会说Comein而不会用Enter来表达。最常见的短语动词是由英语中最短小和最简单的动词构成的,这些动词常与表示位置或方向的词组合,如along,down,in,off,on,out,over,under等。例如:Thecatsarerunningalongthewall.猫正沿着墙跑。Thechildrenarejumpingoffthebranch.孩子们正从树枝上跳下来。不仅一个单个动词可以同大量的介词或副词小品词一起构成短语动词,而且一个短语动词本身也可能有几种不同的意义。词汇学习Wordstudy1.gointo(1)走进;进入:Heisgoingintoashop.他正走进一家商店。(2)进入;介入:They’regoingintothebusinessworld.他们正步入商界。2.siton(1)坐在……上:Thechildrenaresittingonthegrass.孩子们正坐在草地上。(2)<口>拖延;压下:Theyaretryingtositonthebadnewsaslongaspossible.他们正试图尽可能拖延时间不把这个坏消息讲出去。3.runalong(1)沿着……跑:Thedogsarerunningalongtheriverbanks.豿正沿着河岸奔跑。(2)离开;走开:It’sgettingdark,wemustrunalong.天黑了,我们得走了。练习答案Keytowrittenexercises<!--新闻页分页-->Lesson36A1Heisswimmingacrosstheriver.2Sheissittingonthegrass.3Thecatisrunningalongthewall.B1Whereisthemangoing?He’sgoingintotheshop.2Whereisthewomangoing?She’sgoingoutoftheshop.3Whereishesitting?He’ssittingbesidehismother.4Wherearetheywalking?They’rewalkingacrossthestreet.5Wherearethecatsrunning?They’rerunningalongthewall.6Wherearethechildrenjumping?They’rejumpingoffthebranch.7Whereisthemanstanding?He’sstandingbetweentwopolicemen.8Whereisshesitting?She’ssittingnearthetree.9Whereisitflying ?It’sflyingunderthebridge.10Whereistheaeroplaneflying?It’sflyingoverthebridge.11Wherearetheysitting?They’resittingonthegrass.12Wherearethemanandthewomanreading?They’rereadinginthelivingroom.新概念第一册37-38课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.Whatareyougoingtodonow,George?你现在准备干什么,乔治?begoingto,是打算、准备、按计划在最近做某事,表示将来。请参见本课语法部分。2.Pink’s=Pinkis。3.It’sformydaughter,Susan.是为我的女儿苏珊做的。Susan作mydaughter的同位语。语法Grammarinuse将来时begoingto(1)将来时begoingto的形式由am/is/aregoingto+动词原形构成。(2)将来时begoingto的用法A表示“打算”、“准备”在最近做某事。(在非正式语体中,一般多用begoingto,而不用will。)Iamgoingtoputitonthefloor.我打算把它放在地板上。Heisgoingtopaintthebookcasetomorrow.他准备明天给书架刷漆。B表示按计划、安排要发生的事:Themeetingisgoingtobeginatnine.会议将在9点开始。Whereareyougoingtobuildtheroad?你们将在什么地方筑路?C表示预言一件事即将发生:Themeetingisgoingtobeginatnine.会议将在9点开始。It’sgoingtorain!天要下雨了!She’sgoingtofaint!她要晕倒了!(3)begoingto的疑问式与否定式将助动词be提至句首可将陈述句变为一般疑问句。如:Georgeisgoingtopaintitpink.乔治打算把它刷成粉红色。IsGeorgegoingtopaintitpink?乔治打算把它刷成粉红色吗?在助动词后面加上not可以得到否定句。如上句可变为:Georgeisnotgoingtopointitpink.乔治不打算把它刷成粉红色。词汇学习Wordstudy1.paint(1)v.上漆,涂:WhatcolourisGeorgegoingtopaintit?乔治准备把它漆成什么颜色的?(2)v.(用颜料)画:Whopaintedthispicture?这幅画是谁画的?(3)v.描写;描绘:HisnovelpaintsapeacefulpictureofthecountrylifeinEurope.他的小说描绘了有关欧洲乡村生活的宁静画面。(4)n.油漆;涂料;颜料:WetPaint!油漆未干!Iboughtaboxofpaints.我买了一盒颜料。2.work(1)v.工作;劳动:Heworks45hoursperweek.他每周工作45个小时。<!--新闻页分页-->(2)v.从事职业:Heworksasabankclerk.他是一名银行职员。(3)v.学习;做作业:Ifyouworkhard,you’llpassyourexams.如果你用功的话,你就会考试通过。(4)n.工作;劳动;作业;职业:Hewantstohaveagoodsleepafteraday’swork.在一天的工作之后,他想好好睡上一觉。Thestudentsfinishedalltheirworkinclass.学生们当堂把全部作业都完成了。Heiswithoutwork.他失业了。练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson38A1Whatareyoudoing?Wearereading.2Whataretheydoing?Theyaredoingtheirhomework.3Whatishedoing?Heisworkinghard.4Whatareyoudoing?Iamwashingthedishes.B1Whatareyougoingtodo?I’mgoingtoshave.Whatareyoudoingnow?I’mshaving.2Whatareyougoingtodo?I’mgoingtowaitforabus.Whatareyoudoingnow?I’mwaitingforabus.3Whatareyougoingtodo?I’mgoingtodomyhomework.Whatareyoudoingnow?I’mdoingmyhomework.4Whatareyougoingtodo?I’mgoingtolistentothestereo.Whatare youdoingnow?I’mlisteningtothestereo.5Whatareyougoingtodo?I’mgoingtowashthedishes.Whatareyoudoingnow?I’mwashingthedishes.新概念第一册39-40课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.Don’tdothat.不要放在那儿。在英文中需用祈使语气来表示直接的命令、建议等多种意图。而祈使句的否定式则由Don’t(或Donot)+动词原形构成,又如课文中的Don’tdropit!(别摔了!)等句子。(请参见本课语法部分。)2.Giveittome.把它给我。在第21课有givemeabook这样的句型,在本课中又出现了giveittome的句型。在动词give后面可以有两个宾语:即直接宾语(指物,如abook,it)和间接宾语(指人,如me)。如果直接宾语置于动词give之后,间接宾语之前则带to。再比较一下下列句式:Showherthemagazine.给她那本杂志。Showittoher.把它给她。Givemethatknife.给我那把小刀。Giveittome.把它给我。3.infrontof,在……前面。有别于inthefrontof,在……的前部。4.Thereweare!就放在那里!在这里表示说话人的满意心情,可理解为“好了”、“行了”等。语法Grammarinuse祈使句的否定缩略式形式为Don’t(或Donot)+动词原形,如:Don’twait!别等了!Don’tspeaktomelikethat!别那样跟我讲话!使用祈使句时,重音、语调、手势和面部表情,尤其是情境和上下文,都说明这种形式用于表示是否友好、不客气、愤怒、不耐烦、有说服性等。一般而言,祈使句的否定式通常用Don’t来表示,完整形式Donot主要用于正式文告中。词汇学习Wordstudy1.dropv.(1)(失手)落下;掉下;放下:Becareful!Don’tdropit.小心!别摔了。Shedroppedherknifeandforkandhurriedtoanswerthephone.她放下刀叉赶紧去接电话。(2)(使)滴下;滴水:Tearsdroppedfromherface.泪珠从她的脸上滑落。(3)(使)下降;降低:Hedroppedhisvoice.他把声音放低了些。Yesterdaythetemperaturedroppedto8℃ belowzero.昨天气温下降到了摄氏零下8度。2.sendv.(1)送给;寄:Sheisgoingtosendalettertohersister.她准备给她的姐姐寄封信。I’llsendhimapresent.我将给他送去一件礼物。(2)差遣;命(或请)……去:Hesenthissecretaryforadoctor.他派他的秘书去请医生了。Hermotheroftensendshertothestoreforsomegroceries.她母亲经常差遣她去商店买些杂货。练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson40A1SendthatlettertoGeorge.2Takethoseflowerstoher.3Showthatpicturetome.4GivethesebookstoMrs.Jones.5Givetheseicecreamstothechildren.B1I’mgoingtoputiton.2I’mgoingtotakethemoff.3I’mgoingtoturnthemon.4I’mgoingtoturnitoff.5I’mgoingtoputiton.6I’mgoingtotakeitoff.7I’mgoingtoturnthemon.8I’mgoingtoturnitoff.9I’mgoingtoturnthemoff.10I’mgoingtoturniton.新概念第一册41-42课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.Notvery.不太重。是Itisnotveryheavy的省略形式。口语中回答问题时,常把主语、动词和宾语都省略,只剩一个副词、一个副词词组或一个动词不定式短语等.2.Putitonthischair.把它放在这把椅子上。it指bag。在没有扶手的椅子上用on,在有扶手的椅子上用in。如:sitonachair坐在椅子上sitinanarmchair坐在扶手椅里3.cheese,bread,soap,chocolate,milk,sugar,coffee,tea,tobacco这些词都是不可数名词。不可数名词前面不能加a或an,也没有复数形式。如果想表示“一些”之意,可用some,any等词。some用于肯定句,any用于否定句和疑问句。(可参见Lessons27~28语法部分。)如果要表示“一块”、“一张”、“一条”等,需加如apieceof这表示数量的短语。本课表示数量的短语还有:aloafof一个abarof一条abottleof一瓶apoundof一磅halfapoundof半磅aquarterof四分之一atinof一听4.aloafofbread,一个面包。指西餐中切成片吃的整个面包。5.abarofchocolate,一块巧克力。指一长条巧克力糖。这种形状的巧克力有时也可称为一块巧克力。语法Grammarinusethere+be结构(3)当there+be后跟单数名词或不可数名词时,动词be的一般现在时形式为is;当后面跟复数名词时,动词用are。如果后跟几个并列名词,而第一个名词是单数,动词仍用is。there+be后面的名词是句子的主语。如:Thereisahammeronthebookcase.书箱上有个鎯头。(单数名词)Thereissometeainthecup.杯子里有些茶水。(不可数名词)Therearethreebottlesofmilkonthetable.桌子上有3瓶牛奶。(不可数名词,用复数量词修饰)Thereisapen,twobooksandaknifeonthedesk.课桌上有一枝钢笔、两本书和一把小刀。(第一个并列名词是单数)也请参见Lessons19~20以及Lessons27~28语法部分。词汇学习Wordstudy1.barn.(1)条;块:Hehasjusthadachocolatebar.他刚刚吃了一块巧克力。(2)(门、窗的)闩;杆:Heisnowbehindbars.他现在被关在监狱里。(bar指窗上装有铁栅栏,behindbars是一种非正式固定用语,意为inprison,关在监狱里。)(3)酒吧(间):Thebarisverycrowded.酒吧里人很拥挤。2.poundn.(1)磅;常衡磅(分成16盎司,等于0.4536千克,略作1b.);金衡磅(分成12盎司,等于0.3732千克,略作1b.t.):Itweighs15pounds.它的重量为15磅。Givemeapoundofsugar,please.请给我1磅糖。(2)英镑(英国货币单位,简写为£,全称为poundsterling):Theshirtcostsme£20.买这件衬衣花了我20镑。Halfapoundofcoffeecostsonepound.半磅咖啡的价格是一英镑。练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson42A1Isthereanybreadinthekitchen?2There’saloafonthetable.3There’ssomecoffeeonthetable,too.4Thereisn’tanychocolateonthetable.5There’saspoononthatdish.6Isthereanysoaponthedressingtable?B1Isthereaspoonhere?Ye s,thereis.There’soneontheplate.2Isthereatiehere?Yes,thereis.There’soneonthechair.3Isthereanymilkhere?Yes,thereis.There’ssomeonthetable.4Isthereahammerhere?Yes,thereis.There’soneonthebookcase.5Isthereanyteahere?Yes,thereis.There’ssomeonthetable.6Isthereavasehere?Yes,thereis.There’soneontheradio.7Isthereasuithere?Yes,thereis.There’soneinthewardrobe.8Isthereanytobaccohere?Yes,thereis.There’ssomeinthetin.9Isthereanychocolatehere?Yes,thereis.There’ssomeonthedesk.10Isthereanycheesehere?Yes,thereis.There’ssomeonth eplate.新概念第一册43-44课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.Canyoumakethetea,Sam?你会沏茶吗,萨姆?makethetea,沏茶。句中can是英语中最常见的几个情态助动词之一,请参见本课语法部分。2.behind,在……的后面。与infrontof(在……前面)互为反义词。3.Thekettle’sboiling!水开了!=Thewaterinthekettleisboiling!这里的kettle=waterinthekettle。用容器来指代容器内的东西是一种修辞格,叫借代(metonymy)。语法Grammarinusecan(1)can是英语中最常用的几个情态助动词之一,它本身不表示动作,只表示体力或脑力方面的能力或客观可能等。它必须与其他动词连用,本身没有性和数的变化。如:Icanseesomecoffeeonthetable.我能看到桌子上的一些咖啡。CanSamreadthisbook?萨姆看得懂这本书吗?can的否定形式为cannot,cannot或can’t(省略式):Ican’tseeanycoffee.我看不见什么咖啡。Hecan’tfindthecups.他找不到杯子。词汇学习Wordstudy1.findv.(1)找到;寻得:Itismostimportanttofindasuitablepersonforthejob.找到一位适合做这项工作的人是至关重要的。Wherearethecups?Ican’tfindthem.杯子放在哪儿练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson44A1Icanseesomespoons,butIcan’tseeanyknives.2Icanseesomehammers,butIcan’tseeanyboxes.3Icanseesomecoffee,butIcan’tseeanyloavesofbread.4Icanseesomecupboards,butIcan’tseeanyshelves.5IcanseeMr.JonesandMr.Brown,butIcan’tseetheirwives.6Icanseesomecups,butIcan’tseeanydishes.7Icanseesomecars,butIcan’tseeanybuses.B1Isthereanymilkhere?Yes,thereis.There’ssomeinfrontofthedoor.2Isthereanysoaphere?Yes,thereis.There’ssomeonthecupboard.3Arethereanynewspapershere?Yes,thereare.Therearesomebehindthatvase.4Isthereanywaterhere?Yes,thereis.There’ssomeinthoseglasses.5Isthereanyteahere?Yes,thereis.There’ssomeinthosecups.6Arethereanycupshere?Yes,thereare.Therearesomeinfrontofthatkettle.7Isthereanychocolatehere?Yes,thereis.There’ssomebehindthatbook.8Arethereanyteapotshere?Yes,thereare.Therearesomeinthatcupboard.9Arethereanycarshere?Yes,thereare.Th erearesomeinfrontofthatbuilding.10Isthereanycoffeehere?Yes,thereis.There’ssomeonthetable.新概念第一册45-46课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.Canyoucomehereaminuteplease,Bob?请你来一下好吗,鲍勃?句中的aminute是时间状语,表示“一会儿”、“片刻”。又如:Waitaminute,please.请稍等一会儿。2.She’snextdoor.她在隔壁。这里nextdoor起副词作用,作表语。语法Grammarinusecan(2)can是情态助动词,表示“能力”。情态助动词的否定式由情态助动词加not构成;疑问句中将情态助动词置于句首,后接句子的主语和主要谓语动词。又如:CanPennyandJanewashthedishes?彭尼和简会洗盘子吗?Yes,theycan.是的,她们会。can本身没有人称或数方面的变化。它还可以与疑问词一起用在特殊疑问句中。如:WhatcanPennyandJanedo?彭尼和简会干什么?Theycanwashthedishes.她们会洗盘子。词汇学习Wordstudy1.liftv.(1)提;抬;举:Canyouliftthisheavysuitcase?你能提起这个沉重的衣箱吗?Theelderlyladyliftedhereyesfromthebook.那位年长的女士从书本上抬起眼睛。(2)提高;搞高……地位:ThispolityliftedChineseexportsofsilk.这项政策提高了中国丝绸的出口量。2.makev.(1)制作;创造:Sheisgoingtomakeaverybigbirthdaycake.她准备做一个非常大的生日蛋糕。Hollywoodcanmakethemostfamousfilmstarsintheworld.好莱坞可以造就世界上最著名的影星。(2)产生,引起,导致:Youhavemadeaseriousmistake.你犯了一个严重的错误。Don’tmakesomuchnoise,please!请别这么大肆喧闹!(3)整理;料理;准备:Sheisnowmakingthebedforaguest.她现在正为客人铺床。Thecoffeeismade.咖啡煮好了。3.terribleadj.(1)可怕的;骇人的:Thisisapictureofterriblenewweapons.这是一张可怕的新式武器的图片。(2)困难的;费劲的:Whocanaccomplishthisterribletask?谁能完成这项艰难的任务?(3)极度的;非常严重的:I’vegotaterribleheadache.我头疼得厉害。(4)<口>糟透的;很蹩脚的:Sheisterribleatmaths.她的数学很蹩脚。练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson46A1Theycantypetheseletters.2Shecanmakethebed.3Youcanswimacrosstheriver.4Wecancomenow.5Wecanrunacrossthepark.6Hecansitonthegrass.7Icangivehimsomechocolate.B1Canyoutypethisletter?Yes,Ican.Whatcanyoudo?Icantypethisletter.2CanPennywaitforthebus?Yes,shecan.Whatcanshedo?Shecanwaitforthebus.3CanPennyandJanewashthedishes?Yes,theycan.Whatcantheydo?Theycanwashthedishes.4CanGeorgetaketheseflowerstoher?Yes,hecan.Whatcanhedo?Hecantaketheseflowerstoher.5Canthecatdrinkitsmilk?Yes,itcan.Whatcanitdo?Itcandrinkitsmilk.6CanyouandTompaintthi sbookcase?Yes,wecan.WhatcanyouandTomdo?Wecanpaintthisbookcase.7Canyouseethataeroplane?Yes,Ican.Whatcanyoudo?Icanseethataeroplane.8CanJanereadthisbook?Yes,shecan.Whatcanshedo?Shecanreadthisbook.新概念第一册47-48课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.Yes,Ido.是的,我喜欢。是一句肯定的简略回答。如果是否定的回答,则应为No,Idon’t.Ilike…和Idon’tlike…这两个句型是分别表示“我喜欢/想要……”和“我不喜欢/想要……”的惯常用法。2.blackcoffee,不加牛奶或咖啡伴侣的清咖啡。加牛奶的咖啡叫whitecoffee.black在有些搭配中不译为黑色的,如:blacktea红茶3.序数词1st~12th1st----first2nd----second3rd----third4th----fourth5th----fifth6th----sixth7th----seventh8th----eighth9th----ninth10th----tenth11th----eleventh12th----twelfth英语中序数词必须与定冠词(the)连用。虽然有时不在形式上表现出来,在朗读的时候也必须加上the。如:the1stmonth(第1个月),thetwelfthcentury(12世纪)。语法Grammarinuse一般现在时(1)一般现在时可用以陈述现在时段内发生或存在的事件、动作或行为。这些事件、动作或情景说不定会无限地延续下去。但实际上,我们的意思则是在说“这是现在存在着的状况”。一般现在时还可以表示普遍真理以及习惯性的动作。如:Ilikeblackcoffee.我喜欢喝清咖啡。Idon’twantanymilkinmytea.我想给我的茶中加什么牛奶。Myfatherworksinabank.我父亲在一家银行工作。Igetupat7.我7点钟起床。Theearthgoesroundthesun.地球围着太阳转。词汇学习Wordstudy1.likev.(1)喜欢:Ilikethatsweetgirl.我喜欢那个可爱的姑娘。JohnlikesChinesefood.约翰喜欢吃中国菜。(2)想要;希望有:Wouldyoulikesomecoffee?你要不要来点咖啡?HowdoesAnnlikehercoffee?安想喝什么样的咖啡?2.wantv.(1)想要;希望:Iwantsomesugar.我想要些糖。Iwantyoutotry.我希望你试试。(2)需要:Thosedroopingflowerswantwater.那些正在枯萎的花朵需要水分。Myleathershoeswantcleaning.我的皮鞋需要擦擦了。练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson48A1Theaeroplaneisflyingoverthevillage.2Theshipisgoingunderthebridge.3Thechildrenareswimmingacrosstheriver.4Twocatsarerunningalongthewall.5Theboyisjumpingoffthebranch.6Thegirlissittingbetweenhermotherandherfather.7Theteacherisstandinginfrontoftheblackboard.8Theblackboardisbehindtheteacher.B1Yes,Ido.Ilikehoney,butIdon’twantany.2Yes,Ido.Ilikebananas,butIdon’twantone.3Yes,Ido.Ilikejam,butIdon’twantany.4Yes,Ido.Ilikeoranges,butIdon’twantone.5Yes,Ido.Ilikeicecream,butIdon’twantany.6Yes,Ido.Ilikewhi sky,butIdon’twantany.7Yes,Ido.Ilikeapples,butIdon’twantone.8Yes,Ido.Ilikewine,butIdon’twantany.9Yes,Ido.Ilikebiscuits,butIdon’twantone.10Yes,Ido.Ilikebeer,butIdon’twantany.新概念第一册49-50课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.Whataboutsomesteak?来点牛排吗?句中What可以换成How,用来征求对方看法或意见。请参看Lessons31~32课文详注。2.totell(you)thetruth,老实说,说实话。它常用于句首,作句子的附加成分,表示说话人对所说话语的态度:Totellyouthetruth,Idon’tlikehisnewcaratall.给你讲实话,我一点儿也不喜欢他的那辆新车。3.序数词13th~24th13th----thirteenth14th----fourteenth15th----fifteenth16th----sixteenth17th----seventeenth18th----eighteenth19th----nineteenth20th----twentieth21st----twenty-first22nd----twenty-second23rd----twenty-third24th----twenty-fourth语法Grammarinuse1.选择疑问句含有or的问句称为选择疑问句。or之前的部分读升调,之后的部分读降调。这种疑问句不能简单地用Yes或No来回答。选择疑问句把选择的余地缩小在数目有限的事物、行动等上面,可以有无限性的选择、3项选择以及两项选择。选择疑问句通常可以采用缩略形式,如:Beeforlamb?牛肉还是羔羊肉?选择疑问句的例句如:Whatwouldyouliketodrink?你喜欢喝什么?(无限性选择)Which/Whatwouldyouprefer,teaorcoffee?茶和咖啡,你喜欢哪一种?(两项选择)Wouldyouliketea,coffee,ormilk?你喜欢茶、咖啡、还是牛奶?(3项选择)Howshallwego,bybusorbytrain?我们怎么走?乘公共汽车还是坐火车?Didyougothere,ordidn’tyou?你去了那儿还是没有去?Didyouordidn’tyougothere?你是去了还是没有去那儿?2.一般现在时的单数第3人称形式(可参见Lessons47~48语法部分。)词汇学习Wordstudy1.tooadv.也,还(常用于肯定句,有时也用于疑问句,但不能用于否定句。常见于句末,而且too前常有逗号;如果不在句末,too前后都应当有逗号):Ilikelamb,too.我也喜欢小羊肉。CanIcome,too?我也来,行吗?I,too,havebeentoShanghai.我也到过上海。2.eitheradv.也,而且(一般用于否定句,位于句末,前面通常有逗号):Hedoesn’tlikethehouse,andIdon’tlikeit,either.他不喜欢这所房子,我也不喜欢。Ifyoudonotgo,Ishallnotgo,either.如果你不去,那么我也不去。Ihaven’tseenthefilmandmysisterhasn’teither.我没有看过那部电影,我妹妹也没看过。练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson50A1Helikescoffee,butIdon’t.2Shelikestea,buthedoesn’t.3Heiseatingsomebread,butsheisn’t.4Shecantypeverywell,buthecan’t.5Theyareworkinghard,butwearen’t.6Heisreadingamagazine,butIamnot.B1Yes,hedoes.Helikescabbage,buthedoesn’twantany.2Yes,hedoes.Helikeslettuce,buthedoesn’twantany.3Yes,Ido.Ilikepeas,butIdon’twantany.4Yes,shedoes.Shelikesbeans,butshedoesn’twantany.5Yes,Ido.Ilikebananas,butIdon’twantany.6Yes,hedoes.Helikesoranges,buthedoesn’twantany.7Yes,hedoes.Helikesapples,buthedoesn’twantany.8Yes,shedoes.Shelikespears,butshe doesn’twantany.9Yes,Ido.Ilikegrapes,butIdon’twantany.10Yes,shedoes.Shelikespeaches,butshedoesn’twantany.新概念第一册51-52课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.Wheredoyoucomefrom?你是哪国人?问对方是什么地方人。comefrom表示来源或籍贯。也可说:Whereareyoufrom?在第7课中出现过类似的句子。2.What’stheclimatelikeinyourcountry?你们国家的气候怎么样?句中like是介词,不是动词,它的宾语是What。又如:What’stheweatherlikeinspring?climate指某一地区数年间的天气情况;weather是指某个特定的时间内晴、雨、风、雪变化。对于这类问题的回答可以是It’sverypleasant(很好)或Itrainssometimes(有时下雨)。这里的it均指天气。3.It’softenwindyinMarch.3月里常常刮风。表示在某个月份里通常用介词in。类似用in的时间短语课文中还有inApril(在4月),inJune(在6月),inSeptember(在9月)等等。often(经常),always(总是,老是),sometimes(有时)都是课文中出现的表示非确定频度的副词。这些副词一般用来回答用howoften提问的问题。语法GrammarinuseWhat…(be.look,etc.)like?我们把What…like?这一句型用于询问事物的状况,例如天气、气候等:What’stheweatherliketoday?今天天气怎么样?What’sitliketoday?今天怎么样?What’stheclimatelikeinyourcountry?你们国家气候怎么样?或询问人物或事物的外观或特征:What’syourbrotherlike?你兄弟是个什么样子?What’syourhouselike?你的房子是什么样的?许多形容词可用以回答What…like?这样的问题,并可根据上下文给以笼统的或确切的信息。例如课文中表示天气或气候的形容词有pleasant(宜人的),windy(有风的),hot(热的),cold(冷的),warm(温暖的)等等。词汇学习Wordstudy1.sometimesadv.有时,间或:Itissometimeshotandsometimescold.天气时冷时热。Sometimeshevisitshisauntwholivesnearby.他有时会去看望他那住在附近的婶婶。2.pleasantadj.(1)令人愉快的;舒适合意的:Theclimateinmyhometownisalwayspleasant.我家乡的气候总是宜人而舒爽。Thisstudyispleasanttoworkin.在这个书房里工作令人感到舒适。(2)(人或其外表、举止等)讨人喜欢的;(性情等)和蔼可亲的:She’ssuchapleasantgirl.她真是个可爱的姑娘。Andrewseemedverypleasantonthephone.安德鲁在电话里显得很和蔼可亲。练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson52A1WecomefromGermany,butDimitricomesfromGreece.2Ilikecoldweather,buthelikeswarmweather.3HecomesfromtheU.S.,butshecomesfromEn gland.4Shedoesn’tlikethewinter,butshelikesthesummer.5IcomefromNorway,butyoucomefromSpain.6StellacomesfromSpain,butHansandKarlcomefromGermany.7Wedon’tcomefromSpain.WecomefromBrazil.B1Wheredoesshecomefrom?DoesshecomefromEngland?No,shedoesn’tcomefromEngland.ShecomesfromtheU.S.Whatnationalityisshe?She’sAmerican.2Wheredotheycomefrom?DotheycomefromFrance?No,theydon’tcomefromFrance.TheycomefromEngland.Whatnationalityarethey?They’reEnglish.3Wheredoeshecomefrom?DoeshecomefromFrance?No,hedoesn’tcomefromFrance.HecomesfromGermany.Whatnationalityishe?He’sGerman.4Wheredoeshecomefrom?DoeshecomefromItaly?No,hedoesn’tcomefromItaly.HecomesfromGreece.Whatnationalityishe?He’sGreek.5Wheredotheycomefrom?DotheycomefromGreece?No,theydon’tcomefromGreece.TheycomefromItaly.Whatnationalityarethey?They’reItalian.6Wheredotheycomefrom?DotheycomefromBrazil?No,theydon’tcomefromBrazil.TheycomefromNorway.Whatnationalityarethey?They’reNorwegian.7Wheredotheycomefrom?DotheycomefromNorway?No,theydon’tcomefromNorway.TheycomefromGreece.Whatnationalityarethey?They’reGreek.8Wheredoesshecomefrom?DoesshecomefromItaly?No,shedoesn’tcomefromItaly.ShecomesfromSpain.Whatnationalityisshe?She’sSpanish.9Wheredoesshecomefrom?DoesshecomefromNorway?No,shedoesn’tcomefromNorway.ShecomesfromFrance.Whatnationalityisshe?She’sFrench.10Wheredoeshecomefrom?DoeshecomefromtheU.S.?No,hedoesn’tcomefromtheU.S.HecomesfromBrazil.Whatnationalityishe?He’sBrazilian. 新概念第一册53-54课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.intheNorth=inthenorthofEngland.North的首字母大写,是因为它单独使用,特指英国的北部。表示一个国家或地区的方位词一般要大写。本课中的方位词均表示国家的一部分:intheEast在东部intheWest在西方intheSouth在南方但是,仅仅表示方位意义的方位词不需大写。如:anorthwind北风asouthwindow南窗2.Whichseasonsdoyoulikebest?你最喜欢哪些季节?句中的best是副词well的最高级,作状语,修饰like。3.Thesunrisesearlyandsetslate.太阳升得早而落得晚。句中的early和late都是副词,分别修饰动词rises和sets,作状语。注意thesun中定冠词的用法。在英语中,表示世界上独一无二的东西(如太阳、月亮、世界、地球、天空、宇宙)的名词之前通常需加定冠词。4.favouritesubjectofconversation,最喜欢谈论的话题。英国人见面时谈话通常是从天气开始的。一方面这与英国的自然地理情况有关,另一方面则与英国人的民族性格有关。谈论天气是任何人都可接受的话题,而且这可避免介入令人尴尬的或侵入私人领域的话题。语法Grammarinuselike(v.)与like(prep.)like(v.)表示“喜欢”、“想要”(请参见Lessons47~48词汇部分),而like(prep.)表示“像……一样”:Hiscarislikemine.他的汽车跟我的那辆一样。Sheisverylikehersister.她和她姐姐相像极了。Thenewbuildinglookslikeabigbird.那座新建筑看上去像是一只大鸟。词汇学习Wordstudy1.mildadj.(1)(天气等)温暖的;暖和的:Theyhadanexceptionallymildwinterlastyear.他们那儿去年冬天出奇地暖和。TheclimateintheSouthisalwaysmildandpleasant.南方的气候总是温和宜人。(2)(性情等)温和的:Johnisamildmanwhoneverraiseshisvoice.约翰是一个温和的人,他从不抬高嗓门说话。Ilikehisgentleandmildvoice.我喜欢他那温和而轻柔的声音。(3)(食物等)味淡的:Trythismildcurry.试试这种淡味咖喱。Helikestosmokemildcigars.他喜欢抽淡味雪茄烟。2.risev.(1)(日、月等)升起;上升:Thesunrisesintheeast.太阳从东方升起。Thecurtainrisesat8.00p.m.剧在晚上8点钟开演。(2)(河水、物价、温度等)上涨;升高;增加:Theleveloftheriverisstillrising.河水水位仍在上涨。(3)起身;起床:Mymotheralwaysrisesearly.我母亲总是很早起床。Thehouserosetothesingers.全场起立向歌唱演员们致意。练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson54A1Doesthesunsetlate?Thesundoesn’tsetlate.2Doeshelikeicecream?Hedoesn’tlikeicecream.3DoesMrs.Joneswantabiscuit?Shedoesn’twantabiscuit.4DoesJimcomefromEngland? Hedoesn’tcomefromEngland.B1Wheredoeshecomefrom?IsheAustralian?Yes.He’sAustralian.HecomesfromAustralia.2Wheredoeshecomefrom?IsheAustrian?Yes.He’sAustrian.HecomesfromAustria.3Wheredoeshecomefrom?IsheCanadian?Yes.He’sCanadian.HecomesfromCanada.4Wheredotheycomefrom?AretheyChinese?Yes.They’reChinese.TheycomefromChina.5Wheredoeshecomefrom?IsheFinnish?Yes.He’sFinnish.HecomesfromFinland.6Wheredoesshecomefrom?IssheIndian?Yes.She’sIndian.ShecomesfromIndia.7Wheredotheycomefrom?AretheyJapanese?Yes.TheyareJapanese.Theyc omefromJapan.8Wheredotheycomefrom?AretheyNigerian?Yes.They’reNigerian.TheycomefromNigeria.9Wheredoesshecomefrom?IssheTurkish?Yes.She’sTurkish.ShecomesfromTurkey.10Wheredoesshecomefrom?IssheKorean?Yes.She’sKorean.ShecomesfromKorea.新概念第一册55-56课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.gotowork,上班。由动词go引导的短语课文中还有:gotoschool(上学),gotobed(上床睡觉)。请注意work,school以及bed之前不带任何冠词。2.stayathome,呆在家里。与stayhome在意思上相差无几。前者中的home是名词,后者中的home是副词。3.dothehousework,料理家务。housework是不可数名词。请比较:dothehomework(做作业)。4.atnight,在夜里。如果说某日夜里,则用介词on:onthenightofJune2在6月2日的夜里语法Grammarinuse一般现在时(2)(请参见Lessons47~48语法部分。)一般现在时用于表示一个习惯动作、有规律的行为以及永恒的现象。一般与时间频度副词和时间短语连用。这些时间短语有:everyday/week/month/year每日/周/月/年inthemorning/afternoon/evening在上午/下午/晚上atnoon/night在正午/夜里第3人称单数的谓语动词需加以变化,这可分为几种情况:(1)一般情况在动词后面直接加-s,如:want----wantscome----comesarrive----arrives(2)以-s,-x,-ch,-sh,-o结尾的动词加-es,如:fix----fixeswash----washesgo----goeswatch----watchesdo----does(3)以辅音加-y结尾的动词,把-y改成-i,再加-es;而元音加-y结尾的动词,只加-s即可:hurry----hurriescarry----carriesplay----playsstay----stays词汇学习Wordstudy1.arrivev.(1)到达;到来:Wearrivedhomeearly.我们很早就到家了。ThetrainisexpectedtoarriveinLondonat8.20p.m.火车预计在晚上8点20分抵达伦敦。(2)(时间等)来临;(婴儿)出生:Atlastthedayofgraduationarrived.毕业的那一天终于来临。Elizabeth’sbabyarrivedatmidnight.伊丽莎白的婴儿是在午夜时分降生的。2.livev.(1)居住;生活:FranklivesinParis.弗兰克居住在巴黎。Wheredoyoulive?你住在哪儿?(2)活;生存:Fishcan’tlivelongoutofwater.鱼离开水活不了多久。Mygrandmotherliveduntilshewas94.我祖母活到了94岁。(3)过生活;享受生活乐趣:At40hewasjustbeginningtolive.他到40岁才刚刚开始过上富有意义的生活。Youhaven’tlivedtillyou’vebeentoParis.你没到过巴黎就算不上享受过生活。(4)靠……生活(by/on):Helivesbyplayingtheviolin.他靠拉小提琴为生。Helivesonthefortunelefttohimbyhisfather.他靠他父亲给他留下的财产生活。3.stayv.(1)呆在,停留:Mrs.Whitestaysathomeeveryday.怀特太太每天都呆在家中。(2)逗留;暂住:Wewerestayingatthesamehotel.我们住在同一家饭店。(3)持续;保留:Thehousehastostayexactlyasitwas.这所房子必须完全保持原来的样子。练习答案Keyto writtenexercisesLesson56A1Thechildrengotoschoolinthemorning.2Theirfathertakesthemtoschool.3Mrs.Sawyerstaysathome.4Shedoesthehousework.5Shealwayseatsherlunchatnoon.B1Whatdoesshedointhemorning?Shealwaysmakesthebedinthemorning.2Whatdoeshedointhemorning?Healwaysshavesinthemorning.3Whatdotheydointheevening?Theysometimeslistentothestereointheevening.4Whatdoeshedoeveryday?Healwayscleanstheblackboardeveryday.5Whatdotheydoatnight?Theyalwaysgotobedearlyatnight.6Whatdoesshedoeveryday?Sheusuallywashesthedisheseveryday.7Whatdotheydointheafternoon?Theyusuallytypesomelettersintheafternoon.8Whatdoesitdoeveryday?Itusuallydrinkssomemilkeveryday.9Whatdotheydointheevening?Theysometimeswatchtelevisionintheevening.10Whatdoesshedoatnoon?Shealwayseatsherlunchatnoon.11Whatdoeshedointheevening?Heoftenreadshisnewspaperintheevening. 新概念第一册57-58课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.bycar,乘汽车。by(乘坐)表示“乘坐(某种交通工具)”,但它必须与动词连用。表交通工具的名词前不加冠词:byboat乘船bybus乘公共汽车byplane乘飞机bysea乘船2.onfoot,步行。语法Grammarinuse一般现在时与现在进行时一般现在时表示一般的动作或不断重复发生的动作;现在进行时表示说话时正在发生的动作,动作还没有完成。一般现在时表示永久的情况;进行时表示暂时的情况。进行时只用于表示动作或偶尔发生的事件(Weareeating,itisraining等等)。有些动词(如like,want,know等)不是动作动词,因此不能用进行时态,如不能说Iamknowing或Weareliking,而只能说Iknow或Welike。一般现在时表达某个习惯性动作,通常与时间频度副词连用,如usually,always,often,sometimes,never等;现在进行时表示此时此刻正在进行的动作,一般与now,atthemoment,today,thisafternoon,thisevening,tonight等连用。Weusuallywatchtelevisionatnight.Butwearelisteningtothestereotonight.我们通常晚上看电视。但是今晚我们正在听立体声节目。词汇学习Wordstudy1.play(1)v.玩,做游戏:Thechildrenareplayinginthegarden.孩子们正在花园里玩耍。(2)v.参加(体育活动、比赛等):Let’splaychess!咱们来下棋吧!Helikesplayingbasketball.他喜欢打篮球。(3)n.玩耍;娱乐:AllworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy.只工作而不娱乐会使人变呆的。2.cook(1)v.烹调;煮,烧:Shecookedalovelymealforherhusband.她为丈夫做了一顿美餐。Thebeefisnotcookedenough.牛肉煮得不够熟。(2)n.厨子,炊事员:Tomworksasacookinalocalrestaurant.汤姆在当地的一家餐馆当厨子。Mydadisreallyagoodcook.我爸爸烹调手艺特棒。练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson58A1Sheusuallydrinksteainthemorning,butthismorning,sheisdrinkingcoffee.2Theyusuallyplayinthegardenintheafternoon,butthisafternoon,theyareplayinginthepark.3Heusuallywashesthedishesatnight,buttonightheiswashingclothes.B1Whatdoessheusuallydointhemorning?Sheusuallydrinksteainthemorning.Whatisshedoingthismorning?Sheisdrinkingcoffee.2Whatdotheyusuallydointheafternoon?Theyusuallyplayinthegardenintheafternoon.Whataretheydoingthisafternoon?Theyareswimmingintheriver.3Whatdoyouusuallydointheevening?Iu suallycookamealintheevening.Whatareyoudoingthisevening?Iamreadingabookthisevening.4Whatdoyouusuallydoatnight?Weusuallywatchtelevisionatnight.Whatareyoudoingtonight?Wearelisteningtothestereotonight.新概念第一册59-60课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.writingpaper,信纸。paper意为“纸”、“纸张”时是不可数名词,一张纸应是asheetofpaper或apieceofpaper。类似的名词还有:glue(abottleofglue一瓶胶水);chalk(abox/pieceofchalk一盒/枝粉笔);ink(abottleofink一瓶墨水)。2.Ionlyhavesmallboxes.我只有小盒的。boxes后省略了ofchalk。3.Doyouwantone?您要一盒吗?one代替onesmallboxofchalk。4.Whatelsedoyouwant?您还要什么吗?Whatelse…?可以看成是表示疑问的一个句式,意思是“还有什么……吗?”else常接在疑问代词、不定代词及疑问副词后面,表示“此外”、“别的”、“其他的”。又如:WhoelseisfromNewYork?还有谁是从纽约来的?Whenelseshallwemeetagain?什么其他的时间我们再见面?Whatelsedidhesay?他还说了些什么?语法Grammarinuse完全动词have(1)完全动词have的意思相当于“拥有”、“具有”,have当“拥有”讲时,可用于所有的一般时态,却不能用于进行时态(ishaving,arehaving等)。词汇学习Wordstudy1.changen.(1)找头;零钱:Hereisyourchange.这是你的零头。Ihavenochangeaboutme.我身边没有零钱。(2)变化;转换:Roastbeefisawelcomechangefromtheusualtastelessfood.烤牛肉与平素无味的饭菜比起来实在是一种让人欣喜的变化。Let’sgotoaFrenchrestaurantforachange.咱们去家法国餐馆吧,换换口味。2.sizen.(1)(衣服、鞋、帽等的)尺码,号:Whatsizedoesshewant?她想要几号的?Thisblouseisyoursize.这件衬衣是你这号尺码的。(2)(尺寸、体积、规模、身材等的)大小;(数量)多少:Therearehousesofallsizesinthattown.那个镇上有着大大小小各式房子。Wehavechosensomeboysallofthesamesize.我们选出了一些个头一般高的男孩子。练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson60A1Idon’thaveanygrapes,butIhavesomepeaches.2Idon’thaveanytomatoes,butIhavesomepotatoes.3Idon’thaveanymince,butIhavesomesteak.4Idon’thaveanyglue,butIhavesomeink.5Idon’thaveanyenvelopes,butIhavesomewritingpaper.B1Idon’thaveanyhoney,butIhavesomejam.2PennyandIdon’thaveanybeans,butwehavesomepotatoes.3PennyandSamdon’thaveanywine,buttheyhavesomebeer.4SamandIdon’thaveanybread,butwehavesomebiscuits.5SamandPennydon’thaveanygrapes,buttheyhavesomebananas.6Idon’thaveanymince,butIhavesomesteak.7Thechildrendon’thaveanybutter,but theyhavesomeeggs.8Idon’thaveanylettuces,butIhavesomecabbages.9PennyandIdon’thaveanybeans,butwehavesomepeas.新概念第一册61-62课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.fellill,感觉病了;lookill,看起来有病。前者指自我感觉,后者指外表形象。ill是表语,look和feel都是系动词,可像am/is/are那样,后面跟形容词。2.…sohemuststayinbedforaweek.……因此他必须卧床休息一周。so表示“因此”、“所以”。for可以引出一段时间,表示某个动作持续多少时间。又如:fortwohourseachday每天两小时3.That’sgoodnewsforJimmy.对吉米来说,这可是个好消息。句中的news是不可数名词,不是复数形式。在英语中,有些以-s结尾的名词可作单数使用,又如:mumps(腮腺炎),measles(麻疹)。4.Shehasaheadache.她头疼。根据现代英语习惯,headache前常用不定冠词a。其他ache型的复合词也多用不定冠词,如:anearache(耳疼),atoothache(牙疼),astomachache(胃疼)。5.take/haveanaspirin,服/吃一片阿司匹林。6.haveatemperature,发烧。=haveafever.Shehasahighfever.她在发高烧。语法Grammarinuse1.完全动词have(2)have(和havegot)常与表示疼痛和疾病的名词连用。关于与这种名词连用的不定冠词a/an的用法可有几种情况:(1)必须用不定冠词,如acold(感冒),aheadache(头疼),asorethroat(嗓子疼):Ihaveaheadache/cold.我头疼/感冒了。(2)不定冠词可用可不用,如catch(a)cold(患感冒),have(a)backache/stomachache/toothache(患背痛/胃痛/牙疼等):I’vehad(a)toothacheallnight.我牙疼了一整夜。(3)复数形式的疾病名称前面不用冠词。如measles(麻疹),mumps(流行性腮腺炎),shingles(带状疱疹):Mostchildrenareinbedwithmumps.大多数孩子们都得了流行性腮腺炎,躺在床上。(4)被认为不可数的疾病名称前面不用冠词,如flu(流行性感冒),gout(痛风),hepatitis(肝炎)等:Iwasinbedwithflufortendays.我因患流感,卧床10天。the也可以与flu,measles和mumps等词连用,如:He’sgottheflu/themeasles/themumps.他得了流感/麻疹/腮腺炎。2.must(2)must是情态助动词(如can一样),它本身没有时态、性或数的变化,也不能单独作谓语动词(简短回答除外)。must表示“必要性”,即某人必须做某事。(请参见Lessons29~30语法部分。)词汇学习Wordstudy1.feelv.(1)觉得;感到;意识到:Icouldfeelrainonmyface.她感觉到雨点打在我的脸上。He’sfeelingalittlebettertoday.他今天感觉好点了。(2)摸,触;(客体)给人某种感觉:Hefelthispocketsandthentookoutasmallbox.他摸摸他的口袋,然后取出一个小盒子。Thesilkfeelsverysmooth.丝绸摸上去很滑爽。(3)认为;以为;相信:Ifeelthathehasmadeamistake.我认为他犯了一个错误。Ifeelitunnecessarytodoso.我认为这样做没必要。2.rememberv.(1)记得;回忆:CanMrs.Williamsrememberthedoctor’stelephonenumber?威廉斯太太记得起医生的电话号码吗?Irememberheusedtodressinabluesuit.我记得他从前常穿一套蓝色衣服。(2)记住;牢记;不忘记:ItriedhardtorememberthelongpassageofShakespeare.我努力记住莎士比亚的大段说白。Rememberyourappointmentwiththedentist.别忘了你和牙医的预约。练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson62A1Hehasacold.2Hecan’tgotowork.3Heisnotwell.4Hefeelsill.5Hemustseeadoctor.6Hedoesnotlikedoctors.B1What’sthematterwithEl izabeth?Doesshehaveanearache?No,shedoesn’thaveanearache.Shehasaheadache.Soshemusttakeanaspirin.2What’sthematterwithGeorge?Doeshehaveaheadache?No,hedoesn’thaveaheadache.Hehasanearache.Sohemustseeadoctor.3What’sthematterwithJim?Doeshehaveastomachache?No,hedoesn’thaveastomachache.Hehasatoothache.Sohemustseeadentist.4What’sthematterwithJane?Doesshehaveatoothache?No,shedoesn’thaveatoothache.Shehasastomachache.Soshemusttakesomemedicine.5What’sthematterwithSam?Doeshehaveastomachache?No,hedoesn’thaveastomachache.Hehasatemperature.Sohemustgotobed.6What’sthematterwithDave?Doeshehaveaheadache?No,hedoesn’thaveaheadache.Hehasflu.Sohemuststayinbed.7What’sthematterwithJimmy?Doeshehaveaheadache?No,hedoesn’thaveaheadache.Hehasmeasles.Sowemustcallthedoctor.8What’sthematterwit hSusan?Doesshehaveanearache?No,shedoesn’thaveanearache.Shehasmumps.Sowemustcallthedoctor.新概念第一册63-64课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.playwith,玩……(东西)。Thechildrenareplayingwithatoycarinthegarden.孩子们正在花园玩一辆玩具汽车。2.makeanoise,搞出声响。noise是抽象名词。抽象名词是不可数的,前面加不定冠词a并不意味1、2、3、4等数目,只是赋予那个名词具体的含义,如一次、一种、一例、一番等。又如:havearest休息一下;takealookat…看一眼……3.leanoutofthewindow,把身子探出窗外。outof是介词短语,与in或into相对,表示“离开”、“脱离”。语法Grammarinuse禁令don’t与mustn’t都可用来表示禁令。用mustn’t表示“禁止”或“不许可”,语气比较强烈。词汇学习Wordstudy1.keepv.(1)使保持某状态;保持:Keeptheroomwarm.使房间保持温暖。Keepthefireburning.不要让火熄灭了。(2)保存;保留:Hewouldnotbeabletokeephisjob.他恐怕保不住他那份工作了。Ifyoulikeit,justkeepit.你如果喜欢的话,那把它留下来吧。(3)保守;储藏:Pleasekeepthissecret.请保守这一秘密。WouldyoukeepmythingsformewhileI’maway?在我离开的这段时间里,你能为我保管一下东西吗?2.remainv.(1)留下;停留:You’dbetterremainathome.你最好留在家里。We’regoingtoremaininRomeforanothertwodays.我们准备再在罗马逗留两天。(2)保持不变:Itwillremaincoldforacoupleofdays.天气还将持续冷几天。Mostpeopleremainedsilentatthemeeting.多数人在会上保持沉默。练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson64A1Jimmyisbetternowbuthemustn’tgetupyet.2Jimmyhasacoldandhemuststayinbed.3Jimmycangetupfortwohourseachday.4Jimmyoftenreadsinbed.5Jimmylistenstothestereo,too.6Jimmydoesn’tfeelillnow.B1Don’ttakeanyaspirins!Youmustn’ttakeanyaspirins!2Don’ttakethismedicine!Youmustn’ttakethismedicine!3Don’tcallthedoctor!Youmustn’tcallthedoctor!4Don’tplaywithmatches!Youmustn’tplaywithmatches!5Don’ttalkinthelibrary!Youmustn’ttalkinthelibrary!6Don’tmakeanoise!Youmustn’tmakeanoise!7Don’tdrivesoquickly!Youmustn’tdrivesoquickly!8Don’tleanoutofthewindow!Youmustn’tleanoutofthewindow! 9Don’tbreakthatvase!Youmustn’tbreakthatvase!新概念第一册65-66课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.Whatareyougoingtodothisevening,Jill?今晚你打算干什么,吉尔?由every,this,next等词开头的时间状语前面通常不加介词。2.I’mgoingtomeetsomefriends,Dad.我打算去看几个朋友,爸爸。dad和mum前如没有所有格代词或名词所有格作修饰语,就特指自己的父母亲,要大写。father和mather也是如此。3.Jill’seighteenyearsold,Tom.吉尔都18岁了,汤姆。表示“几岁”,一般由基数词+year(s)old构成。在口语中,year(s)old往往可以省去,而只用数字表示年龄。如:Sheiseighteen.她18岁。4.That’sallright.不用谢。当别人表示感谢时,可以作出如是回答。还可以说You’rewelcome/Notatall/Don’tmentionit.5.Bye-bye.再见。非正式的告别语,语气较随便。非正式的告别语还有Solong,Seeyou或I’llbeseeingyou等。正式的告别语是Goodbye,而夜里向人告别时用Goodnight。语法Grammarinuse1.反身代词(1)当宾语和主语是同一个人时,一般需要用反身代词:Hecuthimselfwhenhewasshavingthismorning.今天早晨刮胡子时,他把脸刮破了。Theoldladyistalkingtoherself.那位老妇人正在自言自语。(2)反身代词也可与名词连用,表达“就是那个人而不是别人”的意思:Wewentthereourselves.我们自己去那儿了。Theywantedtofinishtheworkthemselves.他们想靠自己来完成这项工作。2.时间与日期(1)钟点表达法在某个钟点的1到30分钟内,我们常用past表示,如8点20分时我们可以说twentypasteight;如果时间是在某个钟点的31分到下一个整点,我们则常用介词to,但要注意钟点及分钟的变换。如6点47分我们通常会将之换算为7点差13分,即thirteentoseven。以上两种情况也可以用直接读出钟点和分钟的方式来表达:eighttwenty8点20分sixforty-seven6点47分表示在什么时间通常都需用介词at:Hegoestoschoolat7.30.他7点半上学。(2)通常使用介词on表示星期几(如onMonday在星期一)、一天中的某段时间(如onMondaymorning在星期一早上)、日期(如onApril1st在4月1日)、星期几+日期(如onMonday,April1st在4月1日,星期一)、具体时间(如onthatday在那一天)、周年纪念日(如onyourbirthday在你的生日)以及节日(如onChristmasDay在圣诞节)等。词汇学习Wordstudy1.enjoyv.(1)过得快活:Sheenjoyedherselfinthevacation.她假期过得愉快。(2)乐于;喜爱:Ienjoyyourcompany.我乐意与你呆在一起。(3)享有,享受:Weallenjoyourlegalrights.我们都享有自己的合法权利。2.hearv.(1)听见:Helistenedbutcouldhearnothing.他留神地听,但什么也没有听到。Doyouhear?你听见了吗?(2)倾听,认真听:Pleasehearher.请听她讲。We’dbetterhearwhathehastosay.我们最好还是听听他要说些什么。练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson66A1Iamgoingtoseehimatteno’clock.2ItoftenrainsinNovember.3Wheredoyoucomefrom?IcomefromFrance.4Ialwaysgotoworkinthemorning.5What’stheclimatelikeinyourcountry?6It’scoldinwi nterandhotinsummer.B1Shemustgotothelibraryat1.15.2SamandImustseethedentistat3.45.3Imusttypethisletterat2.00.4SamandPennymustseethebossat1.30.5Georgemusttakehismedicineat3.15.6SophiemustarriveinLondonat2.30.7Youmustcatchthebusat3.30.8Imustarrivethereat3.00. 9Theymustcomehomeat2.15.10ImustmeetSamat1.45.11Hemusttelephonemeat2.45.新概念第一册67-70课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.hundredsof,数以百计的。这是用来表示不定数量的复数形式。类似的结构还有thousandsof(数以千计的),millionsof(数以万计的)。但必须注意:说fivehundred(五百,500),sixthousand(六千,6,000),twomillion(两百万,200万)等时,hundred,thousand,million这些词因为之前有具体数字而本身不加-s。2.attherace,观看比赛。这里的at是“出席”、“在某场合”的意思。3.OurfriendsJulieandJackwerethere,too.我们的朋友朱莉和杰克也去了。JulieandJack是Ourfriends的同位语。4.carnumberfifteen,第15号车。在表示编了号的东西时,可以用基数词表示顺序:Lesson67第67课Page2第2页BusNo.332第332路公共汽车Question10第10个问题语法Grammarinuse用介词at,on和in的时间短语(1)用介词at的时间短语通常可表示:确切的时间(如at10o’clock10点钟时),用餐时间(如atlunchtime午餐时),其他时刻(如atnoon中午时),节日(如atChristmas圣诞节时),年龄(如attheageof2727岁时)等。介词at可表示地点,通常用于某个小地点之前:atthebus-stop在公共汽车站attherailwaystation在火车站atthebutcher’s在肉店atschool在学校attheoffice在办公室athome在家(2)介词on用于周和月份中的任何一天之前。请参见Lessons65~66语法部分。(3)用介词in的时间短语通常可表示:一天中的某段时间(如intheevening在晚上),月份(如inMarch在3月),年份(如in1997在1997年),季节(如inspring在春天),世纪(如inthe20thcentury在20世纪),节日(如inEasterweek在复活节那一周),时期(如intheholidays在假期里)等。词汇学习Wordstudy1.standv.(1)站立,起立:Wewerestandingontheright.我们当时站在右边。Theystoodbecausetherewerenoseats.没有座位,所以他们只好站着。(2)(建筑物)直立,耸立;(植物)直立生长:Thewhitehousestandsonahill.那幢白色的房子耸立在小山上。Lookatthecornstandinginthefields!瞧那长在地里的玉米!2.finishn.(1)结束;最后阶段(或部分):Thefinishoftheracewasveryexciting.比赛的最后一个阶段十分激动人心。Ateleventhedinnerfinallydraggedtoafinish.宴会拖到11点才结束。(2)完美,完善;(举止等)优雅:Hisdancinglacksfinish.他的舞跳得并不完美。Wehopedthatfouryearsofcollegewouldgivehimsomefinish.我们希望4年的大学教育会使他有些教养。练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson70A1Wewereatthestationer’sonMonday.2Wewerethereatfouro’clock.3TheywereinAustraliainSeptember.4Theywerethereinspring.5OnNovember25th,theywereinCanada.6Theyweretherein1990.B1WherewereyouandSusanonMarch23rd?WewereattheofficeonMarch23rd.2WherewereSamandPennyin1986?TheywereinIndiain1986.3WherewereyouandPennyonSaturday?Wewereatthebaker’sonSaturday.4WherewereSamandPennyin1993?TheywereinCanadain1993.5WherewereyouandPennyinAugust?WewereinAustriainAugust.6WherewereSamandPennyonMay25th?TheywereathomeonMay25th.7WherewereyouandPennyinDecemb er?WewereinFinlandinDecember.8WherewereyouandSamonFebruary22nd?WewereatschoolonFebruary22nd.新概念第一册71-72课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.What’sRonMarstonlike,Pauline?波琳,朗·马斯顿是怎样一个人?Whatissb.like?这一句式可用来询问某人的外貌或品行。就本课的具体情况而言,波琳的回答更多地是指马斯顿的品行如何。2.Hetelephonedmefourtimesyesterday…他昨天给我打了4次电话……fourtimes,4次。time在英语中作不可数名词时表示“时间”;作可数名词时表示“次数”。请注意英语中次数的表示法:once1次twice两次threetimes3次3次或3次以上通常都用基数词times表示:fivetimes5次thirtytimes30次3.thedaybeforeyesterday,前天。4.answerthetelephone,接电话。口语中也常用answerthephone。类似的短语如:answerthedoor/doorbell应声开门answeraletter回信5.Shecan’tspeaktoyounow!她现在不能同你讲话!speaktosb.意为“与某人说话”。例如打电话时可以说:MayIspeaktoPauline,please?请让波琳接电话好吗?I’dliketospeaktoPauline,please.我想请波琳听电话。6.ThisisPauline’smother.我是波琳的母亲。Thisis…是英美人打电话时表示“我是……”的句式,而不说I’m…。相关的电话用语如:ThisisMaryspeaking.我是玛丽。ThisisEdwardcallingfromLondon.我是爱德华,现正在伦敦给你打电话。语法Grammarinuse一般过去时(2)(请参见Lessons67~68语法部分。)be动词以外的动词在一般过去时中一般有两种形式。规则动词一般是在动词后面加-ed,如answered;以-e结尾的规则动词加-d,如telephoned,arrived。另一部分动词的过去式拼写不规则,因此称为不规则动词,如:say----said,do----did。用一般过去时的句子中常常有表示过去某一时刻的时间状语,如本课中的yesterday(昨天),thedaybeforeyesterday(前天),yesterdaymorning(昨天上午),yesterdayafternoon(昨天下午),yesterdayevening(昨天晚上),lastnight(昨夜)。词汇学习Wordstudyanswer(1)v.对……作出反应;响应:Whoansweredthetelephone?谁接的电话?Marytookafewminutestoanswerthedoor.玛丽拖了几分钟时间才去开门。(2)v.回答;答复:Idon’tthinkyou’veansweredmyquestion.我认为你没有回答我的问题。Iwrotehimseverallettersbutcouldn’tgetananswer.我给他写了好几封信,可都没有回音。(3)n.答案;解决办法:DoyouknowtheanswertoQuestion10?你知道第10题的答案吗?Thisisoneofthepossibleanswerstotoday’senvironmentalproblems.这是有可能解决当今环境问题的办法之一。练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson72A1Itisrainingnow.Itrainedyesterday.2Itissnowingnow.Itsnowedyesterday.3Heisboilingsomeeggs.Heboiledsomeyesterday.4Weareenjoyingourlunch.Weenjoyedityesterday,too.B1Whatdidtheydoyesterday?Theycleanedtheirshoesyesterday.2Whatdidhedolastnight?Heopenedtheboxlastnight.3Whatdidtheydothismorning?Theysharpenedtheirpencilsthismorning.4Whatdidshedothisevening?Sheturnedonthetelevisionthisevening.5Whatdidshedolastnight?Shelistenedtotheradiolastnight.6Whatdidshedoyesterdaymorning?Sheboiledaneggyesterdaymorning.7Whatdidtheydoyesterdayafternoon?Theyplayedagameyesterdayafternoon.8Whatdidhedointhemorningthedaybeforeyesterday?Hestayedinbedinthemorningthedaybeforeyesterday.9Whatdidshedoyesterdayevening?Shetelephonedherhusbandyesterdayevenin g.10Whatdidshedothenightbeforelast?Shecalledthedoctorthenightbeforelast.新概念第一册73-74课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.ShedoesnotknowLondonverywell.她对伦敦不很熟悉。know…well这一短语意为“对……了解”。又如:Idon’tknowhimverywell.我不太了解他。2.…,andshelostherway.……因此她迷路了。句中的and当“所以”讲,表示结果。loseone’sway,迷路。3.ask(sb.)theway,(向某人)问路。4.saytooneself,心中暗想。注意:talktooneself意为“自言自语地说”。5.CanyoutellmethewaytoKingStreet,please?您能告诉我到国王街怎么走吗?tellsb.theway(to),告诉某人(去……的)路。6.cuthimself=cuthisface。以整体代替部分是英语中的一种修辞格,叫提喻(synecdoche)。语法Grammarinuse1.副词副词(adverb)这个词的本意是补充动词的意义。这就是许多副词的作用。它们可以通过修饰动词告诉我们有关句中某个动作的情况,也就是告诉我们某事是如何、何时、何地等发生或进行的。副词可以是单个的词(如slowly)或词组(如verywell)。单一副词既有以-ly结尾的也有不以-ly结尾的(如quickly,fast)。形容词向副词的转换一般遵循3个规则:(1)在形容词后面直接加-ly,如:quick----quicklyhurried----hurriedlypleasant----pleasantlywarm----warmly(2)以-y结尾的形容词,则把-y改成-i,再加-ly,如:thirsty----thirstilyhappy----happily(3)形容词与副词形式相同:如:late----latefast----fasthard----hardwell----well2.部分不规则动词的过去式形式go----wentsee----sawunderstand----understoodtake----tookread----read/red/drink----drankrun----ranknow----knewsay----saidput----putcut----cuteat----atemeet----metcome----camelose----losttell----toldspeak----spokefind----foundgive----gaveswim----swamhave----had词汇学习Wordstudy1.losev.(1)迷失;(使)迷路:ShedidnotknowLondonverywell,andshelostherway.她对伦敦不很熟悉,因此迷了路。It’sveryeasytoloseyourwayinastrangecity.在一个陌生的城市里,你很容易迷路。(2)失去;丧失:Helosthissightinacaraccident.他在一起汽车交通事故中失明了。Shehasjustlostherjobbecauseofcarelessness.她刚刚因疏忽大意而丢了工作。(3)遗失;丢失:Ican’tentermyhousebecauseI’velostmykeyonmywayhome.我进不了自己的房子,因为在回家的路上我把钥匙丢了。Welostherinthecrowd.我们在人群中找不见她了。2.understandv.(1)理解;懂:Hedoesn’tunderstandEnglishandyoucantryFrench.他不懂英语,你可以试试法语。Idon’tunderstandwhatyoumean.我不明白你的意思。(2)明了;了解;得知:Howthemachineworksisstillnotfullyunderstood.这台机器到底是如何运转的仍未被完全弄清楚。OnlytodayhaveIbeguntounderstandthepoliticalsituationinNorthernIreland.直到今天我才了解了北爱尔兰的政治局势。练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson74A1Hereadthephraseslowly.2Heworkedlazily.3Hecuthimselfbadly.4Heworkedcarefully.5Thedooropenedsuddenly.B(samplesentences)1Hedoesnotknowmeverywell.2Sheworkedveryhard.3Shesmiledpleasantly.4Thebuswenthurriedly.5Heshavedslowly.6Shedrankaglassofwaterthirstily.7Hegreetedmewarmly.8Weenjoyedourselvesverymuch.新概念第一册75-76课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.Doyouhaveanyshoeslikethese?像这样的鞋你们有吗?这个句子里的likethese是介词短语作定语,修饰shoes,意思是“像这样的鞋子”。2.Whatsize?什么尺码的?这是一个省略句,后面省略了doyouwant。下文中的Whatcolour?同样也是省略句。whatsize通常用来询问服装、鞋子、手套等的尺寸,即什么号码:Whatsizedoyouwear?你穿几码的?3.Theyareveryuncomfortable.的确很不舒适。这个句子中的are用斜体表示强调,应重读。这里的强调表明了售货员对女士所说的话的反感和愤怒。语法Grammarinuse一般过去时与时间短语一般过去时通常与表示确切的过去时间的短语连用。这些短语一般是last+表示时间的名词、一段时间+ago等。(1)lastweek/month/year/night(上星期/上个月/去年/昨夜):Didyouwatchthetelevisionlastnight?你昨晚看电视了吗?(2)twominutes/hours/days/weeks/months/yearsago(两分钟/小时/天/周/月/年前):Sheboughttheshoestwomonthsago.她两个月之前买的鞋。(3)in+过去某一年:Wefirstmethimin1980.我们1980年初次见到他。(4)yesterday(昨天),yesterdayevening(昨天晚上),theweekbeforelast(前一个星期),themonthbeforelast(前一个月),theyearbeforelast(前年),thedaybeforeyesterday(前天),thenightbeforelast(前天夜里):Shedustedthecupboardthedaybeforeyesterday.她前天清扫了橱柜。词汇学习Wordstudy1.wearv.(1)穿着;戴着;佩带着:Butwomenalwayswearuncomfortableshoes!可是女人们总是穿不舒适的鞋子!Lookatthebeautifulsilkscarfshe’swearing!瞧她围着的那条漂亮的丝绸围巾!Sheneverwearsperfume.她从不用香水。(2)面带;呈现;保持:He’swearingacheerfulsmile.他面带着快活的微笑。Hewearshisdignityeveningreatadversity.他即使身处逆境也仍保持着自己的尊严。2.uncomfortableadj.(1)不舒服的:Shefeelsuncomfortableintightboots.她穿着紧的长统靴感到不舒服。(2)不安的;不自在的:You’llhaveanuncomfortablefeelingifyousittherealone.如果你独自一人坐在那儿,你会有种不安的感觉。Heoftenfeelsuncomfortablewithstrangers.与陌生人在一起他通常感到不自在。(3)令人不舒服的,不舒适的:Thispairofshoeslookveryuncomfortable.这双鞋看上去很不舒适。It’sreallyanuncomfortableday!这真是令人难受的一天!练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson76A1Shemetherfriendsyesterday.2Theydranksomemilkyesterday.3Heswamintheriveryesterday.4Shetookhimtoschoolyesterday.5Hecuthimselfyesterday(morning).B1Whendidyouwalkacrossthepark?Iwalkedacrosstheparklastweek.2Whendidyouwashyourhands?Iwashedmyhandsaminuteago.3Whendidyouworkinanoffice?Iworkedinanofficetheyearbeforelast.4Whendidyouaskaquestion?Iaskedaquestionfiveminutesago.5Whendidyoutypethoseletters?Itypedthoselettersamonthago.6Whendidyouwatchtelevision?Iwatchedtelevisioneverydaythisweek.7Whendidyoutalktotheshopassistant?Italkedtotheshopassistantlastmonth.8Whendidyouthankyourfather?Ithankedmyfatheranhourago.9Whendidyoudustthecupboard?Idustedthecupboardthreedaysago.10Whendidyoupaintthatbookcase?Ipain tedthatbookcasetheyearbeforelast.11Whendidyouwantacarlikethatone?Iwantedacarlikethatoneayearago.12Whendidyougreether?Igreetedheraminuteago.新概念第一册77-78课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.Iwanttoseethedentist,please.我想见牙科医生。Iwanttoseesb.,please这一句式是表示想见某人时常用的句式之一。2.haveanappointment(withsb.),(与某人)有约会。Ihaveanappointmentwithmydentistat3p.m.我已约定下午3点去看牙医。3.Isiturgent?急吗?这里的it指“要见牙医”这件事。4.Canyoucomeat10a.m.onMonday,April24th?您在4月24日星期一上午10点钟来可以吗?Canyoucomeat…?这一句式通常用来约定见面时间。注意英语中的时间次序一般是由小到大,与汉语正好相反。又如:onJuly2nd,1988(在1988年7月2日),atsevenonJune3rd,1989(在1989年6月3日7点)。a.m.(=antemeridiem)上午,有时写成A.M.或AM;下午则是p.m.(=postmeridiem),有时写成P.M.或PM。5.Imustsee…我必须见……比Iwanttosee…语气上要更强些,表达说话人某种强烈的愿望或需求。6.atthemoment,正在说话的这会儿,此时。7.Can’tyouwaittillthisafternoon?您就不能等到今天下午了吗?这是情态助动词的否定疑问句形式,表示请求。语法Grammarinuse否定疑问句否定疑问句可以表示说话者惊异的情绪、责难的口吻或赞叹;也可表示说话者的某种建议、邀请、请求或看法等。请看下列疑问句的简略否定式:(be:)Aren’tyouastudent?难道你不是学生吗?Isn’tithothere?这里难道不热吗?(can:)Can’tyouwaitamoment?你不能等一会儿吗?(have:)Haven’tIaskedyou?难道我没问过你吗?(do:)Don’tyouwanttostaywithus?你难道不愿意与我们呆在一起吗?(did:)Didn’tyouseehimyesterday?难道你昨天没看见他吗?回答这种问题时用简略回答。如果答语是肯定的,就用Yes;如果答语是否定的,就用No。不过,这种答语的汉语译法有特殊之处。一般否定疑问句有完全式和简略式之分,它们的词序是不同的。完全式:Isshenotanurse?她不是一位护士吗?简略式:Isn’tsheanurse?她不是一位护士吗?词汇学习Wordstudy1.urgentadj.(1)紧迫的;急迫的:There’sanurgentmessageforyou.这里有你的一个要紧的口信儿。Thechildreninthatareaareinurgentneedofmedicalattention.那个地区的孩子们急需得到医疗方面的关注。(2)催促的;坚持要求的:Thecriesandshoutsbecamelouderandmoreurgent.哭喊声越来越响,更加急迫。2.appointmentn.约会;约定:IhavemadeanappointmentwithDoctorSmithonnextTuesday.我与史密斯大夫约好了在下星期二见面。Whenisyourlunchappointment?你与别人共进午餐的约会定在什么时候?Onceyou’vemadeanappointment,youshouldtrytokeepit.一旦你定好约会的事情,那么你应努力守约。练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson78A1Shebuysanewcareveryyear.Sheboughtanewcarlastyear.2Sheairstheroomeveryday.Sheaireditthismorning.3Heoftenloseshispen.Helosthispenthismorning.4Shealwayslistenstothenews.Shelistenedtothenewsyesterday.5Sheemptiesthisbasketeveryday.Sheemptiedityesterday.B1Ipaintedtheroomin1996.2Shemethimon5thNovember.3Theyarrivedaquartertoeleven.4HelosthispenonSaturday.新概念第一册79-80课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.AndI’mnotgoingtogetany!不过,我不打算去买!这里get表示“买”,与buy同义:I’llgetanewbikeforyou.我将给你买辆新自行车来。2.groceries,食品杂货。DuringtheblizzardIwasgladI’dhadtheforesighttobuyenoughgroceries.在那场大风雪中,我庆幸自己深谋远虑,事先买了足够的食品杂货语法Grammarinusemust与need(1)mustv.aux.[无时态和人称变化,后面接不带to的动词不定式][表示义务、命令或必要]必须,应当Soldiersmustobeyorders.军人必须服从命令。Wemustkeepourword.我们必须遵守诺言。Youmustnotdoit.你不可以做那件事。Wemusttellhim.我们必须告诉他。【说明】过去、未来、完成等式可用haveto的相应形式来代替,例如:Imust[haveto]doittoday.我必须今天做。Ihadtodoityesterday.我本该昨天做。Ishallhavetogotheresomeday.总有一天我会去那儿的。[表示推断或指具有较大的可能性]很可能;谅必[否定用cannotbe,couldnothave+p.p]Youmustbeverytired.你一定很累了。Hemusthaveearnedalargesumofmoney.他一定是挣了一笔巨款。[表示主张]一定要,务必Ifitisreallylost,itmustbefound.如果真丢了,一定要找回来。[表示不可避免性或肯定性]必然要,必定会Manmustdie.人必有一死。[表示与说话人愿望相反及不耐烦]偏要WhymustitrainonSunday?偏要在星期天下雨,讨厌!JustasIwassittingdowntosupper,thetelephonemustring.正当我坐下来用晚餐时,偏偏电话铃响了。[表示请求]MustIgonow?我现在可以走了吗?n.[口]必须做的事,必需的东西Thenewfilmisanabsolutemust.这部新片不可不看。adj.[口]绝对需要的,不可缺的mustlegislation不可缺少的立法Thisisamustbookforyourreading.这是一本你必须要读的书。(2)need表示“需要”、“必须”。作助动词时多用于疑问句和否定句,如:NeedImakeanappointment?我需要约一下时间吗?Youneednothurry.你不必太匆忙。need也可作实义动词,这时就要有人称、数及时态上的变化,疑问句中也需用助动词do。如:Weneedalotofthingsthisweek.我们这周需要许多东西。Heneedssomemoney.他需要一些钱。Doyouneedanysugar?你需要一些糖吗?Whatdotheyneedthisweek?他们这周需要什么东西?词汇学习Wordstudy1.hope(1)v.希望;盼望;期待:Ihopethatyou’llhavealovelyvacation.我希望你能有一个愉快的假期。Mark’shopingtostudyLawatHarvard.马克盼望着进入哈佛大学学习法律。Ihopethatyou’vegotsomemoney.我希望你有了些钱。(2)n.希望,期望;指望:Wearefullofhopeforthefuture.我们对未来充满信心。(3)n.期望着的事;被寄予希望的人:Hishopeisthathissonwillgetmarriedandsettledownsoon.他所希望的是他儿子能早点结婚,安顿下来。Heisayoungmanofgenius,thehopeofRussianpoetry.他是一位年轻的天才,是俄罗斯诗歌的希望所在。2.need(1)v.需要:Weneedsomehoney.我们需要些蜂蜜。Doyouneedanyhelp?你需要帮忙吗?Doesheneedtoknow?他需要知道吗?(2)n.需要(物);必要:Thereisnoneedofworrying.不必担心。There’sagrowingneedofnewhousinginmanycities.许多城市正面临着对新建房屋的不断增长的需求。Wedon’thaveanyurgentneedformoney.我们并不急需钱。练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson80A1Ihaven’tgotmuchbutter.2Youhaven’tgotmanyenvelopes.3Wehaven’tgotmuchmilk.4Shehasn’tgotmanybiscuits.5Theyhaven’tgotm uchstationery.B1Theyneedalotofbread.Theyhaven’tgotmuch.Theymustgotothebaker’stogetsomebread.2Sheneedsalotofeggs.Shehasn’tgotmany.Shemustgotothegrocer’stogetsomeeggs.3Theyneedalotofmagazines.Theyhaven’tgotmany.Theymustgotothenewsagent’stogetsomemagazines.4Ineedalotofbeef.Ihaven’tgotmuch.Imustgotothebutcher’stogetsomebeef.5Sheneedsalotofbutter.Shehasn’tgotmuch.Shemustgotothegrocer’stogetsomebutter.6Theyneedalotofbananas.Theyhaven’tgotmany.Theymustgotothegreengrocer’stogetsomebananas.7Heneedsalotofmedicine.Heh asn’tgotmuch.Hemustgotothechemist’stogetsomemedicine.新概念第一册81-82课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.No,thanks,Tom.不,谢谢,汤姆。在别人请你吃东西时,如果你吃,就说Ok,thanks/Oh,thankyou。如果你不吃,则说No,thanks。2.Oh!噢!是感叹词,在这里表示惊讶。3.Well,you’regoingtohaveroastbeefandpotatoesagaintonight!唉,今晚你们又要吃烤牛肉和土豆了!是陈述句形式的感叹句。这里的well可理解为感叹词,表示惊讶。语法Grammarinuse完全动词have(3)have可以代替常用动词,表示eat,enjoy,experience,drink,take等意义。这时的have是行为动词,所以与动作有关,而不像have表示“具有”时(请参见Lessons59~60语法部分)那样表示状态(如Ihave〈got〉acar)。因此,它可以用于各种时态。如:Haveacigarette!抽根烟吧!I’mhavingadrink.我在喝酒。Wehadlunchtogethertoday.我们今天一起吃了午饭。当have不表示“有”而表示其他意思时,其用法和英语中的其他动词相同,意即:在疑问和否定结构中,have的一般现在时和一般过去时形式必须用do,does和did词汇学习Wordstudy1.nearlyv.(1)几乎;差不多;差点儿:Thedinnerisnearlyready.饭马上就好。Inearlymissedthetrain.我险些赶不上火车。(2)极;密切地:Heresemblesafilmstarnearly.他酷似一位电影明星。Thematterconcernsusnearly.这事与我们有切身关系。2.readyadj.(1)准备就绪的:Dinnerwillbereadyin20minutes.20分钟后就可以开饭了。Areyoureadytoleave?你是不是准备好这就可以动身了?(2)预先准备好的;立即可得到的:Theapplesareripeandreadytoeat.苹果完全熟了,随时可以享用。Wemustgetthehousereadyforourguests.我们必须把房子收拾停当,以期我们的客人随时入住。(3)快的,立即的:Hegaveareadyconsent.他立即爽快地表示同意。Thisnewsystemgivesusersreadieraccesstothedata.这个新系统可以使用户们更快捷地进入数据库。练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson82A1Theyateamealatarestaurant.2Wewentforaholidaylastmonth.3Eatabiscuit.4Youenjoyedyourself.5Theyareeatingtheirlunch. 6Idrankaglassofmilk.B1Theyaregoingtohavebreakfast.2Theyarehavinglunch.3Hemusthavetea.4Theyhaddinner.5Theymusthaveameal.6Heisgoingtohaveaswim.7Heishavingabath.8Hehadahaircut.9Theyarehavingalesson.10Theyhadaparty.11Theymusthaveaholiday.12Theyaregoingtohaveag oodtime.新概念第一册83-84课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.Comein.进来吧。Haveacupofteathen.那么喝杯咖啡吧。Let’sgointotheliving-room,Carol.我们到客厅里去吧,卡罗尔。这3句都是祈使句。表示请求或命令的句子叫祈使句。祈使句中主语you常不出现,谓语动词用原形,句末用感叹号或句号。读时用降调。2.I’vejusthadacup.我刚喝了一杯。句中cup后省略了ofcoffee。3.We’regoingtoleavetomorrow.明天我们就要走了。这里的aregoingto表示“打算”、“准备”。请参见Lessons37~38语法部分。语法Grammarinuse现在完成时(1)在英语中,现在完成时主要用于以下两种情况:或者表示在过去不确定的时间里发生的并与现在有着某种联系的动作;或者表示开始于过去并持续到现在的动作。本课中萨姆所面临的是第1种情况,正是因为他吃了饭,喝过了咖啡,也休过假,因此他谢绝了汤姆的邀请,并表示今年已无可能再次休假。(2)现在完成时在汉语中常用“了”、“过”或“已经”来表示。(3)现在完成时由have/has+过去分词构成,单数第3人称用has,其他人称皆用have。规则动词的过去分词与过去式相同,而不规则动词的过去分词则无统一的规律可言,需特别加以记忆。(4)一般现在完成时通常与表示不确定的时间副词或短语连用如just,already,before,never,ever,twice,threetimes等。词汇学习Wordstudy1.leavev.(1)离开,出发:Thetrainisgoingtoleavein5minutes.火车将于5分钟后开出。I’mgoingtoleaveItaly.我准备离开意大利。(2)舍弃;脱离:John’swifelefthimforanotherman.约翰的妻子舍他而去,投入另一个男子的怀抱。Alexanderisleavingthecompanyafter30years’service亚历山大将在为公司服务了30年之后离开公司。(3)留给,遗留;委托:Thefamousactressleftallhermoneytocharity.这位著名的女演员将她所有的钱都遗留给了慈善机构。‘Leaveittome,’hesaid.“这事交给我来办吧,”他说道。2.packv.(1)打包,装箱:WeareleavingtomorrowandIhaven’tevenstartedpackingyet.我们明天就要走了,而我甚至还没开始将行李打包呢。Don’tforgettopackthemirror!别忘了把镜子装起来!(2)挤满,塞满:Themoviefanspackedthehall.大厅里挤满了影迷。Thebuswaspackedwithpeople.公共汽车里挤满了人练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson84A1I’vealr eadyhadsome.2I’vealreadyhadone.3I’vealreadyhadone.4I’vealreadyhadsome.5I’vealreadyhadone.6I’vealreadyhadone.7I’vealreadyhadsome.B1Hehasn’thadanybeans.He’sjusthadsomepeas.2Theyhaven’thadanytea.They’vejusthadsomecoffee.3Ihaven’thadanyapples.I’vejusthadsomepeaches.4Ihaven’thadanycabbage.I’vejusthadsomelettuce.5Shehasn’thadanybeer.She’sjusthadsomewine.6Hehasn’thadanylamb.He’sjusthadsomebeef.7Theyhaven’thadanytea.They’vejusthadsomemilk.8Shehasn’thadanymeat.She’sjusthadsomevegetables.9Ihaven’thadanychicken.I’veju sthadsomesteak.10Theyhaven’thadanybananas.They’vejusthadsomeoranges.新概念第一册85-86课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.I’veneverbeenthere.我从未去过。never表示“从无”、“从未”,在这里有强调之意。2.Haveyoueverbeenthere,Ken?肯,你去过吗?ever常用于否定句、疑问句以及表示条件的从句中表示“以往任何时候”、“曾经”、“在任何时候”、“从来”这类意思。用在此句中也有强调之意。语法Grammarinusehavebeen与havegonehavebeentoaplace表示曾经去过某地,但现在不在那个地方了;havegonetoaplace表示已经去某地了,现在在那个地方或正在去的路上。如:GeorgehasbeentoParis.乔治去过巴黎。(他现在不在巴黎。)GeorgehasgonetoParis.乔治去了巴黎。(他在巴黎或去巴黎的路上。)HaveyoueverbeentoAmerica?你去过美国吗?(对方不在美国境内。)HashegonetoWashingtonD.C.?他去华盛顿了吗?(被提到的人有可能现在美国境内或在赴美途中。)词汇学习Wordstudybeautifuladj.(1)美丽的,使生美感的:ShewasevenmorebeautifulthanIhadexpected.她甚至比我预期的还要美。She’sagirlwithabeautifulvoice.她是一位嗓音美妙动听的姑娘。(2)出色的,完美的;令人愉悦的:HerFrenchisasbeautifulasherEnglish.她的法文说得和英文一样漂亮。Hedidabeautifuljobofpaintingthedesk.他油漆了书桌,活干得很漂亮。Beautifulweather,isn’tit?天气晴朗宜人,对吗?练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson86A1Shehasjustboiledanegg.3ShehasneverbeentoChina,buthewastherein1992.4Hehasalreadypaintedthatbookcase.7Hehasjustdustedthecupboard.B1I’vealreadycleanedmyshoes.Icleanedmyshoeslastnight.2I’vealreadyopenedthewindow.Iopenedthewindowanhourago.3I’vealreadysharpenedmypencil.Isharpenedmypencilaminuteago.4I’vealreadyturnedonthetelevision.Iturnedonthetelevisiontenminutesago.5I’vealreadyboiledthemilk.Iboiledthemilkyesterdaymorning.6I’vealreadyemptiedthebasket.Iemptiedthebasketyesterday.7I’vealreadyaskedaquestion.Iaskedthequestiontwominutesago.8I’vealreadytypedthatletter.Itypedthatletterthismorning.9I’vealreadywashedmyhands.Iwashedmyhandsfiveminutesago.10I’vealread ywalkedacrossthepark.Iwalkedacrosstheparkanhourago.11I’vealreadypaintedthatbookcase.Ipaintedthatbookcaseayearago.12I’vealreadydustedthecupboard.Idustedthecupboardthisafternoon.新概念第一册87-88课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.Whendidyoubringittous?您什么时候送来的?bring表示“送来”、“带来”和“拿来”的意思,在方位上多指朝说话人而来。2.…they’restillworkingonit.……他们还在修呢。workon表示“从事”、“干”(某事)。still是“仍然”、“还在”的意思,此处在句中对workingonit起了强调的作用。3.havealookatit,看一下。这里的it指car,以避免重复。这里的look是名词,havealookat与lookat意思是一样的。4.Isn’tthatyourcar?这难道不是您的车吗?Didn’tyouhaveacrash?难道您没有出车祸吗?在英文中可以用一般疑问句的否定形式来表示期待、请求或希望得到肯定的答复。语法Grammarinuse现在完成时的疑问式及否定式现在完成时的构成是have/has+过去分词,因此其疑问式是将have/has提到主语之前,否定式则在have/has后加上not即可。词汇学习Wordstudy1.repairv.(1)修理;修复;修补:I’llhavetogetthebicyclerepaired.我得请人把自行车修理一下。Shelookedintothemirrorandbegantorepairherface.她向镜中望去,开始往脸上重敷脂粉。(2)弥补;修复;赔偿:HowcanIrepairthemistakeIhavemade?我如何才能弥补我所犯的错误呢?Itwilltakeawhiletorepairtheconfidenceofthegeneralpublic.要恢复公众的信心尚需要一些时间。2.tryv.(1)试图;设法,努力:Theytriedhardtorepairthedamagedcar.他们竭尽全力修理那辆被损坏了的汽车。Heistryingtomovethebookshelf.他正试图搬动那个书架。(2)尝试,试用;试验:She’stryinghernewcar.她正在试她的新车。I’lltrythatItalianrestaurantnexttime.下次我要到那家意大利餐馆去尝尝他们的菜。练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson88A1Didhefindhispenaminuteago?Hedidn’tfindhispenaminuteago.2Didhegetanewtelevisionlastweek?Hedidn’tgetanewte levisionlastweek.3Didyouhearthenewsontheradio?Wedidn’thearthenewsontheradio.4Didtheyleavethismorning?Theydidn’tleavethismorning.5Didhelosehisumbrellayesterday?Hedidn’tlosehisumbrellayesterday.6Didyousweepthefloorthismorning?Ididn’tsweepthefloorthismorning.B1HashemetMrs.Jonesyet?Yes,hehasalreadymetMrs.Jones.WhendidhemeetMrs.Jones?Hemethertwoweeksago.2Hasthebossleftyet?Yes,thebosshasalreadyleft.Whendidthebossleave?Helefttenminutesago.3Hashehadbreakfastyet?Yes,hehasalreadyhadbreakfast.Whendidhehavebreakfast?Hehadbreakfastathalfpastseven.4Hasshefoundherpenyet?Yes,shehasalreadyfoundherpen.Whendidshefindherpen?Shefoundherpenanhourago.5Hashegotatelevisionyet?Yes,hehasalreadygotatelevision.Whendidhegetatelevision?Hegotatelevisiontwoweeksago.6Hassheheardthenewsyet?Yes,shehasalreadyheardthenews.Whendidshehearthenews?Sheheardthenewsyesterday.7Hasshemadethebedyet?Yes,shehasalreadymadethebed.Whendidshemakethebed?Shemadethebedthismorning.8Hashesenttheletteryet?Yes,hehasalreadysenttheletter.Whendidhesendtheletter?Hesentthel etterthedaybeforeyesterday.9Hassheswepttheflooryet?Yes,shehasalreadysweptthefloor.Whendidshesweepthefloor?Sheswepttheflooryesterdaymorning.10Hasshetoldhimthetruthyet?Yes,shehasalreadytoldhimthetruth.Whendidshetellhimthetruth?Shetoldhimthetruthlastnight.新概念第一册89-90课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.Ibelievethatthishouseisforsale.我想这房子是要新概念的吧!believe是“相信”、“认为”的意思,后可跟某人或名词性从句。如:Ibelieveyou.我相信你(说的话)。IbelievethathehasalreadygonetoLondon.我认为他已经去伦敦了。forsale意为“供新概念”、“待售”。Shehasputherhouseupforsale.她的房子现在出售2.Howlonghaveyoulivedhere?您在这里住了多长时间?howlong常用于询问时间的长短与物体的长度。3.since1976,从1976年起。这是介词短语,since在这里是介词。用这个介词短语作时间状语的句子中,谓语要用完成时。(请参见本课语法部分。)4.Howmuchdoesthishousecost?这座房子卖多少钱?howmuch常用于询问东西的新概念。cost是指得到一件东西所花费的钱,其真正的价值可能低于或高于所要的价。这种新概念主要是指商店内的标价或货主索要的新概念。相比之下,worth(prep.)主要是指某物的本身价值。5.…Ican’Tdecideyet.……我还不能决定。句中的yet常见于否定句,表示“迄今仍未”的意思。语法Grammarinusefor与since现在完成时还可以描述发生在过去且一直延续到现在的动作,这种动作甚至有可能延续下去。在这种情况下,它一般与for+一段时间、since+某个时间点连用。请注意:for+一段时间表示某个动作持续多长时间;since+某个时间点表示某个动作是何时开始的。词汇学习Wordstudy1.retirev.(1)退休;离职:Heretiredattheageof60.他60岁时退休了。He’sgoingtoretiresoonfromthesea.不久他将退休,结束其航海生涯。(2)退出;退隐:Heoftenretirestohiscountryhouseatweekends.他周末通常到他那个乡间别墅生活。Theladiesretired,andthegentlemenwentondrinkingandchatting.女士们离席退出,先生们则继续喝酒聊天。2.worthprep.(1)相当于……价值,值……钱:Thenewhousewouldbeworth50,000pounds.这座新房子会值50,000英镑。Howmuchisthenecklaceworth?这条项链值多少钱?(2)具有……价值;值得:Thatcityisworthvisiting.那座城市值得一游。Isthefilmworthseeing?这部电影值得一看吗?练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson90A1Didthesunsetattwentypastseven?Thesundidn’tsetattwentypastseven.2Didh eeathislunchatoneo’clock?Hedidn’teathislunchatoneo’clock.3Didtheydotheirhomeworklastnight?Theydidn’tdotheirhomeworklastnight.4Didhecomebycarthismorning?Hedidn’tcomebycarthismorning.5Didthesunriseathalfpastfive?Thesundidn’triseathalfpastfive.6Didyouswimacrosstheriveryesterday?Wedidn’tswimacrosstheriveryesterday.B1Yes,Ididmyhomeworklastnight.Hehasn’tdonehishomeworkyet.2Yes,Mrs.Joneswenttothebutcher’sthismorning.Mrs.Williamshasn’tbeentothebutcher’syet.3Yes,Ispoketohimyesterday.Shehasn’tspokentohimyet.4Yes,Georgeswamacrosstheriveranhourago.Samhasn’tswumacrossityet.5Yes,Isawthatfilmyesterday.SamandPennyhaven’tseenthatfilmyet.6Yes,Timtookoffhisshoesaminuteago.Frankhasn’ttakenoffhisshoesyet.新概念第一册91-92课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.We’llallmisshim.我们大家都会想念他的。all,大家,全部,指3个或3个以上的人或物;指两个用both。这里的all作we的同位语。2.…buthiswifedid.……可是他妻子离开。句中did代替上文中的wantedtoleave。语法Grammarinuse一般将来时(1)一般将来时表示将来某一时刻的动作、状态以及打算。该时态一般与表示将来意义的时间状语连用,如tomorrow(明天),thismonth(本月),thedayaftertomorrow(后天),nextweek(下周),intwodays’time(两天之后),fromnowon(从现在起),inthefuture(将来)等。(2)一般将来时的形式为will/shall+动词原形。will可用于所有人称,但shall仅表示单纯将来时用于第一人称I和we,作为will的一种替代形式。否定缩写:shan’t=shallnot,won’t=willnot:Ishan’tleavetonight.I’llleavetomorrow.今天夜里我不走。我将于明天离开。Theywon’tgotoLondonthisweekend.这个周末他们不去伦敦。此外,will除了表示纯粹的将来时间外,还表示说话人的意图和意愿,而shall除了表示将来时间外同时还表示说话人的责任或决心。(3)除了will/shall外,还可以用其他方法表示将来。在口语中,begoingto比will/shall更为普通,用来表示说话人的意图或打算。如:Sheisgoingtotravelbyair.她打算乘飞机旅行。也可用来表示有迹象某事即将发生。如:It’sgoingtorain.将要下雨了。(4)可与将来时连用的时间短语有:今天:thismorning/afternoon/evening今天上午/下午/晚上tonight今夜明天:tomorrowmorning/afternoon/evening明天上午/下午/晚上后天:thedayaftertomorrow后天thenightafternext后天夜里其他:inthemorning在上午intheafternoon在下午intheevening在晚上词汇学习Wordstudy1.missv.(1)想念,惦念:We’llmissyou.我们会想念你的。Hismothermisseshimverymuch.他母亲很惦念他。(2)错过;未做到:Heoversleptandmissedhistrain.他睡过了头,错过了他那班火车。Imissedanopportunityofrealizingmydream.我错过了一个可能实现自己梦想的机会。2.stilladv.(1)还是,仍然:Istilldon’tunderstandwhathemeant.我还是不明白他是什么意思。Shewasstillbeautifulattheageof46.她46岁时依然漂亮。(2)还要,甚至更:Itwashotyesterday,butit’sstillhottertoday.昨天很热,然而今天甚至还要热些。Shelookedveryilllastweekandthisweeklooksstillworse.上星期她看上去病得很厉害,而这个星期看来更不行了。(3)静止地;安静地:Heissittingstill.他一动不动地坐着。Thepatientislyingstill.病人安静地躺着。练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson92A1He’llarrivetomorrowmorning.2She’llcomethisevening.3It’llsnowtonight.4He’llnotbelieveme.B1Yes,anditwillsnowtomorrow,too.2Yes,andhewillgetuplatetomorrow,too.3Yes,andhewillarrivelatetomorrow,too.4Yes,andhewillfinishworklatetomorrow,too.5Yes,andshewilldrivetoLondontomorrow,too.6Yes,andshewilltelephonehimtomorrow,too.7Yes,andhewillhaveashavetomorrow,too.8Yes,andshewillsweepthefloortomorrow,too.新概念第一册93-94课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.next-door,隔壁的。2.themonthafternext,再下个月。afternext表示“下下个”,如:theweekafternext下下个星期语法Grammarinuse可与一般将来时连用的时间短语(1)thisweek(这周),nextweek(下周),theweekafternext(下下周),thismonth(这个月),nextmonth(下个月),themonthafternext(下下个月),thisyear(今年),nextyear(明年),theyearafternext(后年).注:一般过去时中通常会用last一词,而不是next.(2)inaday’stime(一天以后),inayear’stime(一年以后),intwoweekstime(两周后),inthreemonths’time(3个月后)等等。词汇学习Wordstudy1.returnv.(1)回,返回:He’sjustreturnedfromabroad.他刚从国外回来。He’llreturntoLondontheweekafternext.下下个星期他将返回伦敦。(2)回复:Springwillreturnsoon.很快就又是春天了。HereturnedtohiscopyoftheNewYorkTimes.他又重读起他那份《纽约时报》来。(3)归还;退还:I’mgoingtoreturnthesebookstothelibrary.我要把这些书还给图书馆。Ilenthimmyrecordsandheneverreturnedthem!我把自己的唱片借给他,而他却从未归还!2.luckyadj.(1)有好运的,幸运的:Nigelisaveryluckyman.奈杰尔是个很幸运的人。Shewasluckytogetsuchawell-paidjob.她能得到这样一个报酬优厚的工作真幸运。(2)侥幸的,碰巧的:Hedidn’treallyknowtheanswer----itwasjustaluckyguess.他并非真知道答案——那不过是个侥幸的猜测。It’sluckyhe’shere.他碰巧在这儿。练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson94A1HewillgotoNewYorknextweek.2ShewillgotoSydneynextmonth.3IwillgotoParistheyearafternext.4WewillgotoStockholmnextyear.5TheywillgotoGenevatheweekafternext.B1No,Helenwon’treturntoGenevanextyear.She’llreturntoBombay.2No,Iwon’tflytoLondontomorrow.I’llflytoGeneva.3No,TomandIwon’tgotoMadridnextyear.We’llgotoLondon.w4No,Tomwon’tarrivefromMoscownextmonth.He’llarrivefromMadrid.5No,CarolandHelenwon’tstayinNewYorknextmonth.They’llstayinMoscow.新概念第一册95-96课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.plentyof,充足的,足够的。后面可跟可数名词或不可数名词。Thereisplentyofcoalinthisarea.这个地区有丰富的煤。Thereareplentyofgoodplacestocampin.有许多好地方可以露营。Webelieveintakinginplentyoffreshairandgettingplentyofexercise.我们主张呼吸新鲜空气和参加足够的锻炼。Keepwarm,drinkplentyofhotwaterandgetplentyofrest.穿暧和些,多喝热水,多休息。2.tenminutesslow,慢10分钟;tenminutesfast,快10分钟。3.When’sthenexttrain?下一班车是什么时候?这个句子是用来询问火车启程时间时常见的句型。语法Grammarinusehadbetter与musthadbetter表示“最好还是”、“最好”,表达某种忠告或建议。句型:hadbetterdosth.must则表示“必须”、“一定”,语气比hadbetter强烈。hadbetter表示现在时或将来时,而不是过去时。其否定形式为hadbetternotdosth.Wehadbetterwaitandwatchforabetterchance.我们最好等一等,寻找更好的机会。Whenitrains,youhadbetternotgoout.天下雨的时候,你最好别出去。Youhadbetterbeoverhauledbyadoctor.你最好给医生详细检查一下。Youhadbetterdoalittlehardthinking.你最好仔细想一下。Ifyoucan’tfinishthebookbythen,youmustcomeandrenewit.这本书如果你到时候还看不完,就必须来续借。词汇学习Wordstudy1.exactadj.(1)精确的;确切的;恰好的:Whatistheexacttime?确切时间是什么时候?Thisvaseisanexactreplica.这只花瓶是件很巧妙的复制品。It’stheexactshapeI’vebeenlookingfor.这恰好是我一直以来要寻找的外形。(2)严格的;严厉的:Theworkersmustobeyexactrules.工人们必须遵守严格的规定。2.catchv.(1)赶上;及时赶到:Wemusthurryifwewanttocatchthelasttrain.假如我们想赶上最后一班火车就必须快点。Everymorningshewouldcatchthe7.30traintotown.天天早上她都赶7点半的那班火车进城。(2)听清楚;理解:Ididn’tcatchwhatyousaidjustnow.我没听清楚你刚才所说的话。(3)引起(注重等);吸引,迷住:Thebrightcoloursonthewallcaughtourattention.墙壁上鲜艳的颜色吸引了我们的注重力。Thebeautifulviewinfrontofmecaughtandheldme.我面前漂亮的景色把我迷住了。练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson96A1Ihadbetterstayhere.2Wehadbetterwaitforhim.3Youhadbettercalladoctor.4Theyhadbettergohome.5Shehadbetterhurry.6Youhadbetterbecareful.B1I’llgotoSydneyinamonth’stime.2ThenexttrainwillleaveforGenevainanhour’stime.3I’llflytoBeijingintwodays’time.4JeanandIwillgotoLondoninanhour’stime.新概念第一册97-98课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.IleftasuitcaseonthetraintoLondontheotherday.几天前我把一只手提箱忘在开往伦敦的火车上了。句中left是leave的过去式。leave在这里表示“遗忘”、“丢下”,通常可与表示地点的短语连用。句型:leavesth+someplace(某地)又如:Ileftmyglassesinthelibrary.我把眼镜忘在图书馆里了。theotherday表示“几天前”。theother+表示时间的名词通常只与过去时态连用。类似的短语有:theothermorning/afternoon/evening/night(几天前上午/下午/晚上/夜里),theotherweek/month/year(几周/月/年前)。2.There’salabelonthehandlewithmynameandaddressonit.箱把上有一标签,上面写着我的姓名和住址。句中介词with在这里可理解为“有”的意思。3.fiftypence,50便士。pence是penny(便士)的复数形式,表示币值。语法Grammarinuse所有格形容词和所有格代词(2)(请参见Lessons11~12语法部分。)所有格形容词和所有格代词都是用来表示所有关系的。所有格形容词是限定词,放在名词前与名词构成名词短语,在句中作定语用。所有格代词后面不能再加名词,在句中作主语、宾语、表语用。词汇学习Wordstudy1.belongv.(1)(在所有权方面)属于:Thatpenbelongstohim.那枝笔是他的。ThishousebelongstoMrs.White.这所房子属于怀特太太。(2)是……的成员:Doyoubelongtothegolfclub?你是高尔夫球俱乐部的成员吗?Whichpartydoeshebelongto?他是哪个党的党员?(3)(在关系等方面)属于:Thenovelreallybelongstothe19thcentury.这部小说其实是属于19世纪的。Webelongtothesamegeneration.我们属于同代人。2.describev.(1)描述;形容:Shedescribedthewomantothepolice.她向警方描述了那个女人的外貌。Hedescribedthewholeeventindetail.他详尽地描述了整个事件。(2)把……说成;把……称为(as):Theydescribehimasambitious.他们把他称为雄心勃勃的人。练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson98A1Theyarehis.2Itismine.3Theyarehers.4Theyareours.5Thepensaretheirs.6Itisyours.B1Yes,it’shers.ItbelongstoJane.2Yes,they’retheirs.Theybelongtothem.3Yes,it’smine.Itbelongstome.4Yes,they’rehers.Theybelongtoher.5Yes,it’syours.Itbelongstoyou.6Yes,it’shis.Itbelongstohim.7Yes,they’retheirs.Theybelongtothem.8Yes,it’sours.Itbelongstous.9Yes,they’retheirs.Theybelongtothem.新概念第一册99-100课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.getup,站起来。这一短语还可表示“起床”。2.beafraidthat,想,恐怕;besurethat,想,认为。这两个结构后面通常接从句,在口语中有时that可省略。IamafraidIcan’thelpyou.恐怕我帮不了你。I’msurethateverythingwillbebetterbythen.我相信到那时一切都会更美好。语法Grammarinuse1.宾语从句(1)宾语从句在句中作宾语,一般用that引导,但在口语中经常省略掉that.可用在say,think,believe,hope,know,understand,suppose等动词之后:Shesaysthatsheiscold.她说她冷。HethinksthatheneedsanX-ray.他认为他需要拍个X片。IknowthatIcanrepairthiscar.我知道我能修理这部车。Theybelievethattheywillhavemoremoney.他们认为他们会有更多的钱。可用在某些描写感情的形容词之后,如afraid,sure,sorry,glad等:IamsurethatyouneedanX-ray.我觉得你需要拍个X片。Iamsorrythatyouareill.听到你生病了我很难过。2.间接引述时的时态假如间接引语中的引述动词是现在时,那么其后的时态通常与原来口头陈述句的时态相同。转述刚刚说完的话时通常皆如此。词汇学习Wordstudy1.slipv.(1)滑倒:Sheslippedandfelldownonthewetstones.她脚下滑了一下,跌倒在潮湿的石头上。(2)滑落;脱落:Thesoapslippedoutofherhand.肥皂从她的手中滑落。(3)下滑;下跌:Profitscontinuetoslipthisyear.利润今年呈持续下跌趋势。(4)遗忘;忽略:Ourweddinganniversarycompletelyslippedmymind.我把我们的结婚纪念日忘得一干二净。2.hurtv.(1)弄痛;使受伤:Haveyouhurtyourself?你伤着自己了吗?Hefelloffthebicycleandhurthisleg.他从自行车上摔下来,摔伤了一条腿。(2)危害;损害:Thatcasehashurthisreputation.那个案件损害了他的声誉。Idon’tmeantohurtyou.我本无意伤害你的感情。3.helpv.(1)帮助;援助;救助:Hedevotedhislifetohelpingthedisabled.他付出一生的心血去帮助那些残疾人。Wouldyouhelpmetoliftthisbox?你能否帮我抬一下这只箱子?(2)对……有帮助;对……有好处:MyknowledgeofFrenchhelpedmealotwhileIwastravellinginFrance.我在法国旅行时,我的法文知识帮了我大忙。Humourcanhelpinatensesituation.幽默能够缓和紧张局面。练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson100A1Shesaysthatshehasfoundherpen.2Theysaythattheymustremainhere.3Hesaysthatheremembersyou.4Shesaysthatshedoesn’tspeakEnglish.5Theysaythattheyarewashingthedishes.B1Hesaysthathefeelsill.2Shesaysthatshehasgotaheadache.3Hesaysthathewantsahaircut.4Theysaythattheyarethirsty.5Theysaythattheyhaveatoothache.6Shesaysthatsheneedsalicence.7HesaysthathewantsanX-ray.8Shesaysthatsheiscold.9Hesaysthathehasgotacold.10Hesaysthathehasanearache.新概念第一册101-102课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.speakup,大声地说,清楚地说。up作副词用时可表示强度等的由弱到强、由低到高:Canyougetuptothatnote?你能唱得到那么高的音吗?2.Hedoesn’tsayverymuch,doeshe?他没写许多,是吗?附加疑问句中的前后两部分的谓语在时态、人称和数上都要一致。回答这种问句时要简略,要根据事实回答。假如答语本身是肯定的,就用Yes;假如答语本身是否定的,就用No。语法Grammarinuse直接引语和间接引语直接引语就是直接引用说话人原来所说的话;间接引语就是原话的转述。直接引语放在引号里,间接引语是把说话人的原话变成宾语从句。间接引语中,宾语从句中的动词与主句中的主要动词在时态上必须保持一致。一般来说,主要动词用现在时,间接引语中可用现在时(包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时)和将来时。如:Shesaysshe’sgotaheadache.她说她头痛。Hesayshe’sstayingataYouthHostel.你说他正住在一家青年招待所。Hesayshehassoldhishouse.他说他已卖掉了房子。把直接陈述改为间接引语时,谓语动词形式的变化体现在人称上。如:Hesays:‘Ihopeyouareallwell.’他说:”我希望你们都身体健康。”Hesayshehopeswe/theyareallwell.他说他希望我们/他们都身体健康。Thegirlsays:‘Ihavefinishedmyhomework.’ 那个姑娘说:”她已完成了家庭作业。”Thegirlsaysthatshehasfinishedherhomework.那个姑娘说她已完成了家庭作业。词汇学习Wordstudy1.writev.(1)写,书写:Theyarelearningtoreadandwrite.他们在学习读书写字。Shewriteslegibly.她笔迹清楚。(2)写信:I’llwritetoyousoon.我会尽快给你写信的。Whydidn’tshewriteandtellhim?她为什么不写信告诉他?(3)写作;作曲;当作家:Hestartedtowriteforthestage.他开始成为一名剧作家。Hesoonfinishedwritingasymphony.他很快就谱写成一部交响曲。2.soonadv.(1)不久:Itwillsoonbespring.春天很快就要到了。Soonshewouldhavetoresign.她不久就得辞职了。(2)早;快:Whyareyouleavingsosoon?你为什么这么快就要走了?Hecamesoonerthanweexpected.他来得比我们预料的快。练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson102A1Shesaysshehasshutthedoor.2Hesayshehasputonhiscoat.3Hesayshehasreadthismagazine.4Theysaytheyhavespokentotheboss.5Theysaythesunhasrisen.B(samplesentences)1Hesayshehasgotacold.2Hesayshefeelscold.3Hesayshewillsellhishouse.4HesaysheneedsanX-ray.5Hesayshemustwaitforabus.6Hesayshehasgotanearache.7Hesayshefeelsthirsty.8Hesaysheneedsahaircut.9Hesayshefeelsill.新概念第一册103-104课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.therest,剩余部分。这里指其余的题,注重rest与定冠词连用的用法。Throwtherestaway.把剩下的丢掉。2.atthetopof,在……顶端。反义词为atthebottomof(在……末端)。3.nextto,邻近,贴近。Cleanlinessisnexttogodliness.清洁仅次于圣洁。语法Grammarinusetoo与enough(1)enough的用法A在形容词之后使用:Hefailedtheexambecauseitwasn’teasyenough.他考虑不及格,因为题不够轻易。(不说enougheasy)B在名词之前使用:Hedidn’tbuythecarbecausehedidn’thaveenoughmoney.他没买那部车,因为他没有足够的钱。C可以用在enough…forsb./sth.和enough…todosth.结构之中:Shehasn’tgotenoughmoneyforaholiday.她没有足够的钱去度假。Thisdressisn’tbigenoughforher.这件衣服对她来说不够大。She’snotoldenoughtolivealone.她未到独自生活的年纪。(2)too的用法Atoo表示“过于”:Ican’tgoout.It’stoohot.我无法外出,太热了。Shecouldn’tanswerthequestionsbecausetheyweretoodifficultforher.她无法回答问题,因为对她来说太难了。B可以用在too…forsb./sth.结构之中:Thisskirtistoobigforme.这条裙子对她来说太大了。It’stooeasyforme.这对我来说太轻易了。C可以用在too…todosth.结构之中:Theexamwastoodifficultforhimtopass.考试太难了,以至于他无法通过。Theboxistooheavyforyoutocarry.这个盒子太沉了,你没法扛起。Sheitooyoungtolivealone.她年纪太小了,无法独自生活。It’stoofartowalkhomefromhere.从这儿步行回家太远了。请比较:Thewallistoohighforthemtoclimbover.这堵墙太高了,他们无法攀越过去。Thewallislowenoughforthemtoclimbover.这堵墙矮到如此之程度,以至于他们可以攀越过去。词汇学习Wordstudy1.failv.(1)失败;及格:Doctorsfailedtosavetheoldman’slife.医生们未能拯救那位老人的生命。HefailedhisFrenchpaperbecauseitwastoodifficult.他的法语考试没及格,因为试卷太难了。(2)(身体等)衰退;变弱;凋谢:Myeyesightisfailing.我的视力在衰退。Theflowersfailedforlackofsunshine.花因缺少阳光而凋谢。(3)(后接不定式failtodosth.)不,不能;忘记:Ifailtoseewhyyoufinditsoextraordinary.我不明白为什么你们认为它如此与众不同。Hefailedtopersuademe.他没能说服我。2.hatev.(1)讨厌;不喜欢;有反感:Hehatesexams!他讨厌考试!Ihatebeef.我不喜欢牛肉。(2)憎恨;憎恶:Hesaidthathehatedhypocrisy.他说他憎恶虚伪。Tomreallyhatesthemurdererinthatfilm.汤姆十分仇视那部电影中的杀人凶手。练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson104A1Icouldn’tspeaktotheboss.Hewastoobusy.2Icouldn’tgoout.Itwastoocoldformetogoout.3Icouldanswerallthequestions.Theywereveryeasy.4Isthatsuitcaselightenoughforyoutocarry?5Isyourbrotheroldenoughtobeamemberofourassociation?6Theycouldn’tseethatfilm.Theyweretooyoung.B1Yes,hecould.Itwascheapenoughforhimtobuy.2No,hecouldn’t.Itwastooexpensiveforhimtobuy.3Yes,theycould.Theywerefreshenoughforthemtoeat.4No,theycouldn’t.Theyweretoostaleforthemtoeat.5Yes,theycould.Itwasloudenoughforthemtohear.6No,theycouldn’t.Itwastoolowforthemtohear.7Yes,hecould.Itwaslowenoughforhimtoclimb.8No,hecouldn’t.Itwastoohighforhimtoclimb.9Yes,shecould.Itwassoftenoughforhertoeat.10No,shecouldn’t.Itwastoohardforhertoeat.11Yes,shecould.Itwassweetenoughforhertoeat.12No,shecouldn’t.Itwastoosourforhertoeat.新概念第一册105-106课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.Howdoyouspell…?……怎样拼写?这是询问某个单词或某人的姓名如何拼写时常用的句型。2.You’vetypeditwithonlyone‘L’ .但你只打了1个“L”。句中it指intelligent一词。这里的with意即“用”。3.Andhere’salittlepresentforyou.这里有一件小礼物送你。这是一个倒装句。由here引导、谓语为be的句子通常用倒装语序。这里and是表示承上启下,使上下文紧密联系,当“于是”、“因此”讲。语法Grammarinuse动词不定式:在英语中,当一个动词被另一个动词紧跟时,它们之间必须加不定式符号(to)。不定式符号后面的动词只能是原形,而不能是过去式或分词形式。(1)不定式作动词的宾语(动词+to…):Hewantstobuyacar.他想买辆车。HehopestopasstheFrenchexam.他希望自己能通过法语考试。Iwanttoleave.我想离开。(2)有许多动词可以带名词/代词宾语(通常是人称代词宾格),后面再跟不定式(动词+名词/宾格代词+to…):Iwantyoutocarryit.我想让你扛着它。Hewantsthemtolistentoit.他想让他们听那个。Tellhimtomoveit.让他搬它。(3)不定式的否定形式是在to之前加not:Hedecidednottobuythehouse.他决定不买这幢房子。Hetoldmenottoclosethewindow.他让我不要把窗户关了。Tellhimnottomoveit.告诉他不要搬动它。词汇学习Wordstudy1.correctv.(1)改正;纠正:PleasecorrectmeifI’mwrong.假如我错了,请你纠正。Ispentthewholemorningcorrectingexampapers.我花了整个上午的时间批改试卷。(2)校正;矫正:Thispairofglasseswillcorrectyoureyesightproblem.这副眼镜会有助于矫正你的视力问题。Oh,letmecorrectmywatchfirst.噢,先让我把我的手表对好。2.breakv.(1)打破;使碎裂:Shetoldhimnottobreakthevase.她告诉他别把花瓶打坏了。Hebrokealegintheaccident.他在这起事故中摔断了一条腿。(2)损坏;弄坏:Hislittledaughterhasbrokenhisfavouritecamera.他的小女儿把他心爱的照相机弄坏了。Youshouldn’thaveboughtsuchexpensivetoysforhimbecausehewillsimplybreakthem.你不应该买这么昂贵的玩具给他,因为他会轻而易举地把它们弄坏的。(3)破坏;违反:Anyonewhobreaksthelawshouldbepunished.任何触犯法律的人都应受到惩罚。Thestudentwhobroketheschoolregulationswasseverelycriticized.那位违反了校规的学生受到了严厉的批评。练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson106A1Iwantyoutospellit.2Iwantyoutotelephonehim.3Iwantyoutowearit.4Iwantyoutoaskher.5Iwantyoutotellthem.6Iwantyoutohelpus.B1Whatdoyouwantmetodo?Iwantyoutocarryit.2Whatdoyouwantmetodo?Iwantyoutocorrectit.3Whatdoyouwantmetodo?Iwantyoutolistentoit.4Whatdoyouwantmetodo?Iwantyoutodescribeit.5Whatdoyouwantmetodo?Iwantyoutomoveit.6Whatdoyouwantmetodo?Iwantyoutotryit.7Whatdoyouwantmetodo?Iwantyoutofinishit.8Whatdoyouwantmetodo?Iwantyoutokeepit.C1Sheistellinghimnottohurthimself.Shedoesn’twanthimtohurthimself.2Sheistellinghimnottoslip.Shedoesn’twanthimtoslip.3Sheistellinghimnottofall.Shedoesn’twanthimtofall.4Sheistellingthemnottomissit.Shedoesn’twantthemtomissit.5Sheistellinghimnottobreakit.Shedoesn’twanthimtobreakit.6Heistellinghernottodriveit.Hedoesn’twanthertodriveit.D1Becauseshedoesn’twanthimtohurthimself.2Becauseshedoesn’twanthimtoslip.3Becauseshedoesn’twanthimtofall.4Becauseshedoesn’twantthemtomissit.5Becauseshedoesn’twanthimtobreakit.6Becausehedoesn’twanthertodriveit.新概念第一册107-108课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.beinfashion,时髦,流行。2.Wouldyoulike…?你愿意……吗?这个句型常用于表示委婉的请求或提议:Wouldyouliketogowithus?你乐意与我们一起去吗?3.aswell,同时,也。通常用于句末。如:HeknowsSpanishaswell.他还懂西班牙语。too与aswell一般不用于否定句,否定句中用either。4.Couldyou…?您能……吗?用于表示请求,比Canyou…?更加婉转客气:Couldyoutellmethewaytothepostoffice?您能告诉我去邮局怎么走吗?5.likethatone,像那件那样的。是介词短语,作定语,修饰dress。语法Grammarinuse形容词的比较级和最高级(1)构成A大多数单音节形容词的比较级和最高级的构成是在其原级后面加上-er和-est:small----smaller----smallestnew----newer----newestB许多单音节形容词只有一个元音字母,其末尾为一辅音字母。在比较级和最高级形式中,这个辅音字母要双写:big----bigger----biggestthin----thinner----thinnestC许多单音节形容词以-e结尾,如nice。这些形容词只需在原级形式后加-r和-st:large----larger----largestnice----nicer----nicestD有些形容词以-y结尾,而在-y前是一个辅音字母。这些形容词一般有两个音节。变为比较级和最高级时,-y要变成-i,末尾再加-er和-est:easy----easier----easiestheavy----heavier----heaviestE但有少数形容词的比较级和最高级是不规则的,必须熟记,如:good----better----bestbad----worse----worstF大多数较长的形容词(即有两个以上音节的词)可与more连用构成其比较级形式,与most连用构成其最高级形式。(2)用法比较级只用于两者之间,通常与than连用。形容词比较级之所指假如很清楚,它也可独立存在:Thiscoatislonger.这件外衣较长。最高级用于3者或3者以上。形容词的最高级在使用时必须加定冠词,并常伴有一个表示范围的介词短语或从句:Thatgirlisthetalleststudentinourclass.那位姑娘是班上个子最高的学生。词汇学习Wordstudy1.comparev.比较,对照:Thearticlecomparesthedifferentfeaturesofimportedcarsonthemarket.这篇文章比较了市场上进口汽车的不同特点。Comparedtoourlittlegarden,hisgardenseemedlikeapark.与我们的花园相比,他的花园就像是一个公园。2.suitv.(1)适合;适宜于:Findingaplacethatsuitsusallisverydifficult.找到一个适合于我们所有人的地方是很困难的。‘Oneo’clock?Thatdoesnotsuitme.’ “1点钟?那个时间对我来说不合适。”(2)相当,相当:Hewouldnotbesuitedtothejob.他不适合干那份工作。Bluesuitsher.蓝色与她相配。练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson108A1Itiscooltoday,butitwascooleryesterday.2Itiswettoday,butitwaswetteryesterday.3He’slateagaintoday,buthewaslateryesterday.4Thistestiseasy,butthatoneiseasier.5Thisbookcaseislarge,butthatoneislarger.B1Iamolderthanyouare.Iamtheoldestintheclass.2Iamtallerthanyouare.Iamthetallestintheclass.3Iamlazierthanyouare.Iamthelaziestintheclass.4Iamheavierthanyouare.Iamtheheaviestintheclass.5Iamluckierthanyouare.Iamtheluckiestintheclass.6Iamfatterthanyouare.Iamthefattestintheclass.7Iamthinnerthanyouare.Iamthethinnestintheclass.8Iambiggerthanyouare.Iamthebiggestintheclass.C1Butthatstreetiscleaner.ItisthecleaneststreetIhaveeverseen.2Butthatmanisolder.HeistheoldestmanIhaveeverseen.3Butthatriverislonger.ItisthelongestriverIhaveeverseen.4Butthatwomanisshorter.SheistheshortestwomanIhaveeverseen.5Butthatknifeisblunter.ItisthebluntestknifeIhaveeverseen.6Butthatcarischeaper.ItisthecheapestcarIhaveeverseen.新概念第一册109-110课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.Justalittle,please.请稍加一点儿。alittle(=some),一些/一点,用于修饰不可数名词。又如:alittlemoney/water/coffee一点儿钱/水/咖啡afew(=some,severa1)则用于可数名词。2.Oneandahalfteaspoonfuls,please.请放一勺儿半。在英语中,比1大的东西,即使比2小,也需用复数表示。3.Itdoesn’tmatter.没关系。这是表示此意的几种常用说法之一。4.省略morethanyouhave中have后省略了got。下文中的lessthanyouhave和fewerthanyouhave同此。morethan表示“比……多”;lessthan表示“比……少”;fewerthan表示“比……少”(用于可数名词)。I’vegotthemost中most后省略了chocolate。形容词的最高级之后的名词在意思清楚的时候可省略。下文中的theleast同此。thefewest后省略了mistakes。5.I’veeverseen,我所见过的。定语从句,分别修饰thebest,theworst。语法Grammarinuse1.不规则形容词的比较级和最高级不规则形容词的比较级和最高级例举如下:good----better----bestbad----worse----worstmany/much----more----mostlittle----less----leastfar----farther----farthest(表距离)far----further----furthest(表程度)2.名词的数与修饰词可数名词的多与少,用many与few来表达;不可数名词的多与少,则用much与little来表达词汇学习Wordstudy1.smokev.(1)抽(纸烟、烟斗等):Hesmokescigars.他抽雪茄。Eatmoreandsmokeless!多吃点,少抽点!(2)冒烟;冒雾气:Shecouldseeachimneysmokinginthenearbyvillage.她可以看到四周村子里的烟囱在冒烟。Isthefireplacesmoking?壁炉在冒烟吗?(3)熏制(鱼肉等):Doyouknowhowtosmokehams?你知道如何熏制火腿吗?2.insteadadv.(1)作为替代:I’mtiredandcan’tattendthemeeting;youcouldgoinstead.我累了,不能去开会了,你可以代替我去。Shedidnotwanttogototheuniversity.Instead,shedecidedtobecomeasinger.她不想上大学,而是决定成为一名歌手。(2)代替,而不是(of):Shewantedtohavemilkinsteadofjuice.她想要牛奶,而不是果汁。Sheprefersbuyingbooksinsteadofborrowingthemfromthelibrary.她宁可买书而不愿到图书馆去借。练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson110A1Ihaven’tgotanypens.Ihaven’tgotmanyeither.2I’vegotsomemoney.I’vegotlessthanyouhave.3Ihaven’tgotanymoney.Ihaven’tgotmucheither.4I’vegotsomebooks.I’vegotfewerthanyouhave.B1Ihaven’tgotmuchjam.I’vegotverylittle.2Ihaven’tgotmanypotatoes.I’vegotveryfew.3Ihaven’tgotmanyoranges.I’vegotveryfew.4Ihaven’tgotmanyvegetables.I’vegotveryfew.5Ihaven’tgotmuchmeat.I’vegotverylittle.6Ihaven’tgotmuchmoney.I’vegotverylittle.C1I’vegotmoresoapthanyouhave.2I’vegotmorefruitthanyouhave.3I’vegotmorebooksthanyouhave.4I’vegotmorepresentsthanyouhave.5I’vegotmoreeggsthanyouhave.6I’vegotmorestationerythanyouhave.D1I’vegotlessjamthanyouhave.I’vegottheleast.2I’vegotfewerpotatoesthanyouhave.I’vegotthefewest.3I’vegotfewervegetablesthanyouhave.I’vegotthefewest.4I’vegotfewerorangesthanyouhave.I’vegotthefewest.5I’vegotlessmeatthanyouhave.I’vegottheleast.6I’vegotlessmoneythanyouhave.I’vegottheleast.新概念第一册111-112课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.buyoninstalments,以分期付款的方式购买。Ihaveboughtthishouseoninstalments.我用分期付款的方式买了这所房子。2.…andthenfourteenpoundsamonthforthreeyears.……然后每月14镑,3年付清。then和fourteen之间省略了pay。语法Grammarinuse形容词的平级比较级:as…as形容词的比较形式有3种:较高比较级(moreexpensive,themostexpensive);较低比较级(lessexpensive,theleastexpensive);平级比较级(asexpensiveas)。请看下面句中as…as的用法:Thegreenappleisassweetastheredone.这个绿苹果同那个红苹果一样甜。Thepolicemanisastallasthepolicewoman.这个男警察与那个女警察个子一样高。Thewhiteknifeisassharpastheblackone.这把白色的小刀与那把黑色的小刀一样锋利。Idon’tknowasmanypeopleasyoudo.我熟悉的人没有你熟悉的多。Robertisnotasoldashelooks.罗伯特没有他看上去那么高。Thebluecarisnotascleanastheredcar.蓝车没有红车干净。词汇学习Wordstudy1.affordv.(1)买得起;付得起(钱):Shecan’taffordanewcoat.她买不起一件新大衣。Wearenotrichenoughtoaffordacar.我们并不太富有,不能购置汽车。(2)担负得起(时间等):IfeelIcan’taffordanymoretimeonthisproject.我觉得我不能再在这个项目上花更多的时间。Wecan’taffordsuchenormousfees.我们无法负担如此巨额的费用。2.deposit(1)n.预付定金;押金;保证金:Heputdownadepositonthehouseyesterday.昨天他付了房子的定金。You’llhavetopayadepositof$60toreservetheroom要预定这个房间,你需交付60美金的押金。(2)v.存放;存储:Wewereadvisedtodepositourvaluablesinthebanksafe别人建议我们将自己的珍贵物品存放在银行的保险箱里。(3)付(保证金);预付(定金):Ideposited$1,500onanewcar.我付了1,500美金作为购新车的定金。练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson112A1Thisbookischeap,butthatoneischeaper.2Thisbookisexpensive,butthatoneismoreexpensive.3Thisquestioniseasy,butthatoneiseasier.4Thisquestionisdifficult,butthatoneismoredifficult.B1Isthepolicemanastallasthepolicewoman?No,heisn’t.Thepolicemanisn’tastallasthepolicewoman.2Isthemanasshortasthewoman?No,heisn’t.Themanisn’tasshortasthewoman.3Istheboyasoldasthegirl?No,heisn’t.Theboyisn’tasoldasthegirl.4Istheredpencilasbluntasthegreenpencil?No,itisn’t.Theredpencilisn’tasbluntasthegreenpencil.5Isthebluecarascleanastheredcar?No,itisn’t.Thebluecarisn’tascleanastheredcar.6Isthewomanasfatastheman?No,sheisn’t.Thewomanisn’tasfatastheman.C1No,itisn’t.Itismoreexpensive.It’sthemostexpensiveradioI’veeverseen.2No,heisn’t.Heismoreintelligent.He’sthemostintelligentpersonI’veevermet.3No,itisn’t.Itismoreinteresting.It’sthemostinterestingbookI’veeverread.4No,itisn’t.Itislessdifficult.It’stheleastdifficulttestI’veeverdone.新概念第一册113-114课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.Ican’tchangeaten-poundnote.我找不开10英镑的钞票。这里change是动词,意为“兑换”。change还可作名词,意为“零钱”,如课文中的I’vegotnosmallchange,I’mafraid。此外,no+名词表示所指的东西全然没有。以上这句话比Ihaven’tgotanysmallchange更强调没有任何一点儿零钱。2.I’vegotnone.我没有。这里指零钱(不可数名词)。none也可与可数名词连用Noneofourpassengerscanchangethisnote.我们的乘客中没有一个能破开这张钞票的。none在句中通常单独使用3.Exceptus.我们俩除外。意思是:除了我们,他们都是百万富翁。语法Grammarinuseso与neither引导的简短回答以so或neither开头的简短回答,必须用倒装形式,即:So/Neither+助动词+主语。假如前一句是肯定的,后一句就用so开头;如前一句是否定的,后一句则用neither/nor开头。前后两句的时态要一致。词汇学习Wordstudy1.changev.(1)兑换:Iwanttochangethepoundsintodollars.我想把这些英镑兑换成美元。Couldyouchangemeaone-poundnote,please?能否请你换一镑的零钱给我?(2)改变;更改:Hechangedhismindatlast.他最终改变了自己的主意。Thisplanistochangethedesertintofarmland.这个计划是要将沙漠变为农田。(3)交换;改换:Shallwechangeourseats?我们调换一下座位好吗?You’vegottochangeyourbusatthenextstop.你得在下一站换车。2.exceptprep.除……外:EveryoneexceptJanewenttotheparty.除简之外的所有人都去参加那个派对了。They’reopeneverydayexceptSunday.除星期天之外,他们天天都开门。Ilikehimexceptwhenhe’sgloomy.除了他满脸阴沉的时候之外,我挺喜欢他。练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson114A1Therearenobooksonthatshelf.2Ihavegotnomoney.3Thereisnocoffeeinthistin.4Isawnocarsinthestreet.B1No,Ihaven’tgotanymilk.I’vegotnomilk.I’vegotnone.2No,Ihaven’tgotanyenvelopes.I’vegotnoenvelopes.I’vegotnone.3No,Ihaven’tgotanymagazines.I’vegotnomagazines.I’vegotnone.4No,Ihaven’tgotanybread.I’vegotnobread.I’vegotnone.C1NeitheramI.I’mnothungry,either.2NeitherdidI.Ididn’tmeethim,either.3NeitherwasI.Iwasn’tatchurchyesterday,either.4NeitherdoI.Idon’tlikeicecream,either.5NeithercanI.Ican’tswim,either.6NeitheramI.I’mnotadoctor,either.D1SoamI.I’mhungry,too.2SodidI.Imethim,too.3SowasI.Iwasatchurchyesterday,too.4SodoI.likeicecream,too.5SocanI.Icanswim,too.6SoamI.I’madoctor,too.新概念第一册115-116课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.Isn’tthereanyoneathome?家里没人吗?anyone用于否定句及疑问句中。试比较:Thereissomeoneathome.2.CarolandTominvitedustolunch.卡罗尔和汤姆请我们来吃午饭。句中的to是介词,后面跟名词lunch。这句话还可以用动词不定式表示;CarolandTominvitedustohavelunch.3.It’sniceandwarmouthere.外面挺暖和。这里的niceand相当于very,用于形容词及副词之前,表示肯定或加强语调的意思。例如:It’sniceandwarmsittingbythefire.坐在火边温暖舒适。Ididn’tlikethespeech,butatleastitwasniceandshort.我不喜欢这次演讲,不过那倒是挺简短。4.Comeandhavesomethingtodrink.来喝点什么吧。and与动词原形连用,引出另外一个动作。例如:Comeandhaveteawithme.来跟我一起喝杯茶吧。You’llgoandseeher.你去看看她。5.There’snoneleft.一点都不剩了。left是leave的过去分词,修饰none,表示“剩下的”,“没用完的”。There’senoughbreadleft,wedon’thavetobuymore.还有足够的面包,我们不必再买了。语法Grammarinuse不定代词(1)every(每一),no(无),any(若干)及some(一些)可与one,thing构成复合代词,与where构成复合副词。不定代词可作主语、宾语和表语。A作主语:这些代词作主语时都作单数看待,因此使用单数谓语动词。Everyoneisasleep.大家都睡了。Everythingisuntidy.一切都乱糟糟的。Nobodyhastoldmeaboutit.没有人告诉过我有关这件事的情况。B作宾语:I’vegotnothingtowear.我没有穿的衣服了。I’veheardnothing.我没听到什么动静。Isawnoone.我谁也没有看到。C作主语或表语:There’snothingontheshelf.架子上什么也没有。There’ssomebodyinthegarden.花园里有个人。That’snothing.那没什么。(2)与some与any的用法一样,somebody/someone/something/somewhere一般用于肯定句;anybody/anyone/anything/anywhere用于疑问句与否定句;nothing/nobody/noone/nowhere相当于notanything/anybody/anyone/anywhere:Someoneisaskingtoseeyou.有人要求见你。There’ssomethingunderthatchair!那个椅子下有个什么东西!Idon’tknowanyonehere.这儿我谁也不熟悉。Isthereanythingonthisshelf?这个架子上有什么东西吗?Iwentnowhere.(=Ididn’tgoanywhere.)我哪儿也没去。Isawnoone.(=Ididn’tseeanyone.)我谁也没看到。词汇学习Wordstudy1.invitev.(1)邀请:We’reinvitingourcolleaguestotheparty.我们将邀请我们的同事参加这个聚会。Ihatepeoplewhoinvitethemselves.我讨厌不请自来的客人。(2)请求;要求:Weinvitereaders’lettersforthismagazine.本杂志欢迎读者来信。Thespeakerpaused,seemingtoinvitequestionsfromtheaudience.演讲者稍停了一下,似乎在期待听众们提出问题。2.joke(1)v.开玩笑:She’sonlyjokingwithyou.她只是在跟你开玩笑。(2)v.取笑:Aren’tyoujokingme?你不是在取笑我吧?(3)n.玩笑;笑话:Thewholethingwasacompletejoke.整件事完全是个笑话。Don’tgetangry----itwasonlyajoke!别生气——那只是一个玩笑而已练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson116A1Ididnothing.2Isawnoone.3Iwentnowhere.4Imetnobody.B1No,Ididn’thearanything.Iheardnothing.2No,Ididn’tspeaktoanyone.Ispoketonobody.3No,Ididn’tgoanywhere.Iwentnowhere.4No,Ididn’tbuyanything.Iboughtnothing.5No,Ididn’twritetoanybody.Iwrotetonobody.6No,Ididn’tmeetanyone.Imetnoone.C1Everyone’slookingoutofthewindow.2Everyone’shurryingtowork.3Everyone’seating.4Everyone’sdrinkinglemonade.D1No,Ihaven’tgotanythingtoeat.I’vegotnothingtoeat.He’sgotsomethingtoeat.2No,Ihaven’tgotanythingtodo.I’vegotnothingtodo.They’vegotsomethingtodo.3No,Ihaven’tgotanythingtodrink.I’vegotnothingtodrink.She’sgotsomethingtodrink.4No,Ihaven’tgotanythingtoread.I’vegotnothingtoread.He’sgotsomethingtoread.新概念第一册117-118课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.lookfor,寻找(强调动作过程);find,找到(强调寻找的结果)。Ilookedforthedogeverywhere,andfounditinthegardenatlast.我到处找那只豿,最后在花园里找到了它。Wehavetolookforaparkingspace.我们必须找一个停车空地。Ifwehopetofindlove,wemustfirstfindtimeforloving.如果我们希望找到爱情,我们就必须首先找到时间来爱。2.themallall用来强调每一个硬币。从语法上讲,all是them的同位语,也可以说成allofthem。3.Tommyhadalreadyswallowedthem!汤米已经把硬币咽了下去!句中用了过去完成时形式hadswallowed。过去完成时用来表示过去两个动作中发生在前的那个动作。显然,句中咽下硬币的动作发生在夫妇俩能够把硬币从汤米手中抢过来之前。4.laterthatmorning,那天上午的晚些时候。later是副词late的比较级。5.anychangechange是个多义词,既有“零钱”的意思,也有“变化”的意思。此处既可指“硬币”;也可指“情况的变化”。这是双关(pun)修辞法。Iwishtochangesomepocketmoney.我希望换些零钱。Aleopardcannotchangeitsspots.积习难改。语法Grammarinuse过去进行时构成:be的过去式+现在分词。过去进行时表示过去某时正在进行的情况或动作。过去进行时和一般过去时经常在同一个句子里使用。过去进行时表示过去正在进行的情况或动作,一般过去时则表示比较短暂的动作或事件。过去进行时的时间状语从句一般由when,while及(just)as等来引导,说明主句中动作发生时的背景。此外,可用while或atthetime等强调同时进行的两种或几种动作。请看例句:WhenIwasdoingthehousework,myhusbandtelephonedmefromtheoffice.当我正在干家务时,我丈夫从办公室打电话给我。WhileIwaslisteningtothestereo,mymothercameintotheroom.我正在听立体声节目时,我母亲进房间了。Justasshewascleaninghershoes,Georgeknockedatthedoor.她正在擦鞋时,乔治敲门了。WhileIwascookingthedinner,hewasworkinginthegarden.我做饭时,他正在花园里劳作。词汇学习Wordstudy1.swallowv.(1)吞下,咽下:Tommyhadswallowedthecoins.汤米把硬币吞下去了。(2)抑制,使不流露:Itriedhardtoswallowmydoubts.我强忍着不露出怀疑的神色。Sheswallowedasmileandsattherestill.她忍住没笑,静静地坐在那里。(3)吞并;侵吞:OurcompanywasswallowedupbyanAmericancompanylastyear.我们公司去年被一家美国公司吞并了。NaziGermanynearlyswallowedupthewholeEuropeinWorldWar Ⅱ .第二次世界大战中,纳粹德国几乎吞并了整个欧洲。2.ringv.(1)鸣响;发出清脆的响声:WhenIwasopeningthefrontdoor,thetelephonerang.我正开前门时,电话铃响了。Yesterdaymorning,myalarmclockdidn’tringat7o’clockasusual.昨天早上,我的闹钟没像往常那样在7点钟闹。(2)打电话;按铃:Yousaidyouweregoingtoringmelastnight,butyoudidn’t.你说过你昨晚会给我打电话的,然而你并没有打。Somebodyisringingthedoorbell.有人在按门铃。练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson118A1HeknockedatthedoorwhenIwasansweringthephone.2HecamedownstairswhenIwashavingbreakfast.3ThephonerangwhenIwaswashingthedishes.4Thebossarrivedwhenshewastypingaletter.5ThetrainleftwhenIwasbuyingthetickets.6ItrainedheavilywhenIwasdrivingtoLondon.B1WhenhearrivedIwascookingameal.2WhenhearrivedIwaswashingthedishes.3WhenhearrivedIwasworkinginthegarden.4WhenhearrivedIwastypingletters.5WhenhearrivedIwasshaving.6WhenhearrivedIwasboilingthemilk.7WhenhearrivedIwasphoningmysister.8WhenhearrivedIwasdustingthebedroom.C1WhileIwascookingthedinner,hewashavingawash.2WhileIwascookingthedinner,hewaswatchingtelevision.3WhileIwascookingthedinner,hewascleaninghisshoes.4WhileIwascookingthedinner,hewaslisteningtotheradio.5WhileIwascookingthedinner,hewaschanginghissuit.6WhileIwascookingthedinner,hewassittinginthediningroom.7WhileIwascookingthedinner,hewasreadingthepaper.8WhileIwascookingthedinner,hewasdrivinghomefromwork.新概念第一册119-120课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1....happentosb.,(某事)发生在某人的身上.Whathappenedtoyouyesterday?你昨天出什么事了?2.afriendofmine,我的朋友之一。相当于oneofmyfriends,但前者比后者显得更为亲切。3.Aftertheyhadenteredthehouse,theywentintothediningroom.他们进到屋里后,走进了饭厅。Aftertheyhadenteredthehouse是时间状语从句,hadentered是过去完成时结构。在以after引导的时间状语从句中,用一般过去时或过去完成时没有多少差别。假如强调从句的谓语动作在主句的谓语动作之前完成,就用过去完成时。4.turnon,打开,拧开(电视、水源、煤气等)。其反义词为turnoff(关上)。5.asquicklyastheycould是状语,修饰runaway。第一个as是副词,修饰quickly,第二个as是连词,引导比较状语从句。could后省略了run,意思是“能跑多快就跑多快”。例如:Heworkedashardashecould.他工作十分努力。(能多努力就多努力)语法Grammarinuse过去完成时构成:had+过去分词。过去完成时主要用于表示两个事件中一个发生在前,或者说是表示较早的过去。常与现在完成时连用的副词,如already(已经),ever(曾经),for+表示时间段的词,just(刚刚)和never(从未)也常与过去完成时连用,以强调事件发生的先后次序。有时我们不一定非得用过去完成时表示先发生的事件,因为意思十分清楚,如:AfterIfinished,Iwenthome.我做完后就回家了。请看例句:Shewentonholidayaftershehadtakentheexam.她考试后度假去了。Irantotheplatformquickly,butthetrainhadalreadyleft.我赶紧跑到站台上,但是火车已经开走了。Wehadhaddinnerbeforetheyarrived.他们到达之前我们就已吃饭了。Thepatienthaddiedwhenthedoctorarrived.大夫到达时病人已经死了。词汇学习Wordstudy1.enterv.(1)进入;穿入:Aftertheyhadenteredthehouse,theywentintothediningroom.他们进入了房子后,就去了餐厅。Thebulletenteredhisheart.子弹射入了他的心脏。(2)参加;加入:Fourstudentsfromouruniversityenteredthefinalcontest.我们大学的4名学生进入了竞赛的决赛。Heenteredpoliticswhenhewas27.他在27岁时步入了政界。2.happenv.(1)发生:Howdidtheaccidenthappen?事故是怎么发生的?Astrangethinghappenedtoafriendofmineayearago.一年之前,一件希奇的事发生在我的一位朋友身上。(2)碰巧,恰好(to):Ihappenedtomeetheronmywayhome.在回家的路上,我碰巧遇见了她。Ihappentoknowthatprofessor.我正好熟悉那位教授。练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson120A1Hedroppedthevaseafterhehadtakenitintothelivingroom.2Heboughtanothercarafterhehadsoldhisoldone.3Hesweptthefloorafterhehaddustedeverything.4Shedrankthemilkaftershehadboiledit.5Heturnedoffthetelevisionafterhehadseentheprogramme.6Hewenttobedafterhehaddonehishomework.B1Yes,Ihavejustseenit.Ihadneverseenitbefore.2Yes,Ihavejustreadit.Ihadneverreaditbefore.3Yes,Ihavejusttriedit.Ihadnevertrieditbefore.4Yes,Ihavejustbeenthere.Ihadneverbeentherebefore.5Yes,IhavejustwrittenaletterinEnglish.IhadneverwrittenaletterinEnglishbefore.6Yes,Ihavejustwatchedthisprogramme.Ihadneverwatchedthisprogrammebefore.C1Itwastoolate.Hehadalreadypaintedit.2Itwastoolate.Shehadalreadydustedit.3Itwastoolate.Youhadalreadytelephonedhim.4Itwastoolate.Youhadalreadycorrectedit.5Itwastoolate.Theyhadalreadyshutit.6Itwastoolate.Shehadalreadymadeit.D1IwenttothedoctorafterIhadmadeanappointment.2Thebosslefttheofficeafterhehadfinishedwork.3Mywifewentoutaftershehadfinishedthehousework.4Myteachergavememyexercisebookafterhehadcorrectedit.5Mysisterwentonholidayaftershehadtakentheexamination.6IboughtanewcarafterIhadsoldmyoldone.新概念第一册121-122课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.…butIforgottotakethemwithme.……但是我忘了拿走。forgettodosth.表示“忘了做某事”,them指两本字典。2.putiton,戴上它。这里的it指ahat,以避免重复。puton是“戴上”、“穿上”的意思。假如它的宾语是一个名词,这个名词可放在puton之后,也可放在put和on之间。假如是代词,就必须放在put和on之间。如:Putonyourcoat./Putyourcoaton.穿上外衣。但只能说:Putiton.把它穿上。语法Grammarinuse定语从句定语从句像形容词一样起修饰作用,但位于所修饰的名词之后。定语从句由关系代词引导,紧跟在它所修饰的成分后面。关系代词who,whom与that修饰人,which与that修饰东西。关系代词指代从句的主语或宾语,同时又充当连接词,把从句和主句连接起来。请看例句:(1)关系代词作从句的主语(who/which/that):Thedogwhich/thatiscarryingthebasketismine.叼着篮子的那只豿是我的。He’stheporterwho/thatcarriedmysuitcase.他就是那个扛着我的衣箱的搬运工。(2)关系代词作从句的宾语(whom/that/which):They’rethewindowswhich/thatthechildrenbrokeyesterday.这些就是孩子们昨天打坏的窗户。She’stheladywhomIservedyesterday.她就是我昨天服务过的那位女士。词汇学习Wordstudy1.recognizev.(1)认出;熟悉:Irecognizehimnow.我现在认出他来了。Canyourecognizethistune?你能听出这支曲调吗?(2)承认;确认:IrecognizethatheismorecapablethanIam.我承认他比我更有能力。TheyrecognizedRichardashislawfulheir.他们确认理查德为他的合法继续人。AreBritishmedicalqualificationsrecognizedinotherEuropeancountries?英国的医生执照在欧洲其他国家能否得到承认?2.servev.(1)服务;接待;侍候:Areyoubeingserved,sir?先生,有人为您服务吗?Ayoungwaiterservedthem.一位年轻的侍者侍候他们进餐。(2)供给;摆出(食物或饮料等):Whattimeisbreakfastservedinthishotel?这个饭店里什么时候供给早餐?Serveittotheladiesfirst.把它先端给女士们。(3)为……服务/服役;任职:Theoldcookhasservedthefamilyfor30years.这位老厨师已为这家干了30年了。HebegantoserveintheNavyin1960.他从1960年起开始在海军服役。练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson122A1Thisisthecarwhichthemechanicrepairedyesterday.2HeisthemanwhomIinvitedtotheparty.3ThesearethethingswhichIboughtyesterday.4Heisthemanwhocameherelastweek.5Heisthepolicemanwhocaughtthethieves.6Sheisthenursewholookedafterme.7SheisthewomanwhomImetattheparty.8Iamthepersonwhowrotetoyou.B1Whomethim?Thatwoman?Yes,she’sthewomanwhomethim.2Whosatthere?Thatman?Yes,he’sthemanwhosatthere.3Whomadeit?Thatwoman?Yes,she’sthewomanwhomadeit.4Whoreadit?Thatman?Yes,he’sthemanwhoreadit.5Whoshutit?Thatman?Yes,he’sthemanwhoshutit.6Whotookit?Thatwoman?Yes,she’sthewomanwhotookit.7Whotoldme?Thatman?Yes,he’sthemanwhotoldme.8Whosawme?Thatwoman?Yes,she’sthewomanwhosawme.C1Whomdidyousee?Thatman?Yes,he’sthemanwhomIsaw.2Whomdidyoutelephone?Thatwoman?Yes,she’sthewomanwhomItelephoned.3Whomdidyouinvite?Thatman?Yes,he’sthemanwhomIinvited.4Whomdidyoutaketothecinema?Thatman?Yes,he’sthemanwhomItooktothecinema.5Whomdidyoufindinthegarden?Thatman?Yes,he’sthemanwhomIfoundinthegarden.6WhomdidyoudrivetoLondon?Thatwoman?Yes,she’sthewomanwhomIdrovetoLondon.7Whomdidyouhear?Thatwoman?Yes,she’sthewomanwhomIheard.8Whomdidyouremember?Thatman?Yes,he’sthemanwhomIremembered.新概念第一册123-124课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.Whatabeautifulship!多漂亮的轮船啊!what引导的感叹句通常是由What+a(n)+形容词+名词构成的。2.That’sright.对。这句是对上面附加疑问句的回答。上面一句虽用否定形式提问,但回答则根据事实来决定是用肯定或是否定形式。That’sright是肯定的回答,相当于Yes,itis(那正是我)。3.growabeard,留胡子。4.shaveitoff,把胡子刮掉。it指abeard。5.定语成分standingbehindthecounter和repairingtheroad是现在分词短语,作后置定语,分别修饰Theman,Thewoman和Themen。Iservedyesterday和Isawyesterday是定语从句,分别修饰theman,thewoman和themen。此处关系代词whom省略了。Iboughtyesterday和Ifoundinthegarden是定语从句,分别修饰thebook,thebooks和thekitten。关系代词which或that省略了。语法Grammarinuse定语从句中的省略.当关系代词代表主语并且从句中的谓语动词是(现在)进行时态时,关系代词及助动词be均可省略。假如关系代词在从句中代表宾语,则往往可以省略。此外,定语从句可用介词结尾。请分别看以下的例句:Thewomanstandingbehindthecounterservedme.站在柜台后边的那位妇女为我服务/招待了我。ThisisthebookIboughtyesterday.这就是我昨天买的那本书。ThemanIservedwaswearingahat.我招待过的那个人当时戴着一顶帽子。That’stheshipwetravelledon.那就是我们旅行时乘的船。That’sthemanItoldyouabout.那就是我告诉过你有关情况的那个人。词汇学习Wordstudy1.travelv.(1)旅行;游历:Hesaidthatifhehadalotofmoneyhewouldtravelaroundtheworld.他说,假如他有很多钱的话,他将会周游全世界。(2)行进;(被)传送:Lighttravelsfasterthansoundatthespeedof300,000kilometrespersecond.光速比声速要快,为每秒钟30万公里。Thenewsdidn’ttravelasfastaswehadexpected.这消息传播得不如我们所预料得那样快。2.offerv.(1)(主动)给予;提供:HeisofferedajobinCanada.有人提供给他一份在加拿大的工作。Weofferedsomecoffeetotheguests.我们为客人们提供了咖啡。(2)提出;出(价):Doyouhaveanygoodsuggestionstooffer?你能否提供一些好的建议?I’llofferyou£30,000forthehouse.这所房子我愿出3万英镑买下来。(3)(主动)表示愿意,提议:Heofferedtohelpmewithmyresearchpaper.他表示愿意帮助我一起做我的研究论文。‘Icouldlendyousomebooks,’ Janeoffered.“我可以借你一些书,”简自告奋勇地提议。3.growv.(1)生长;成长:Hishairhasgrowntoolong.他的头发长得太长了。Thetreeshavegrownrapidly.树木生长得快。(2)使生长;留(须发):Hegrewabeardduringthetrip.他在旅行时留了胡子。Wegrewalotofrosesinourgarden.我们在自己的花园里种植了大量的玫瑰花。练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson124A1SheisthewomanIdrovetoLondon.2That’sthefilmIsaw.3That’sthemanIspoketo.4Theyarethethievesthepolicecaught.5ThesearethelettersItyped.6Thesearethepeopleyouaskedmeabout.B1Whichman?Thatman?Yes,that’sthemanIsawyesterday.2Whichcar?Thatcar?Yes,that’sthecarIrepairedyesterday.3Whichwoman?Thatwoman?Yes,that’sthewomanIdrovetoLondonyesterday.4Whichumbrella?Thatumbrella?Yes,that’stheumbrellaIboughtyesterday.5Whichmedicine?Thatmedicine?Yes,that’sthemedicineItookyesterday.6Whichman?Thatman?Yes,that’sthemanIinvitedtomyhouseyesterday.C1That’sright.ThisisthevillageIwrotetoyouabout.2That’sright.HeisthepersonIhaveheardabout.3That’sright.ThisisthetestIspoketoyouabout.4That’sright.SheisthewomanIreadabout.5That’sright.Thisissomething(new)Ihaven’tthoughtabout.6That’sright.ThisissomethingImustdecideabout.新概念第一册125-126课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.Can’tyoucomeinandhaveteanow,Peter?彼得,你现在能进来喝茶吗?这是否定疑问句,表示邀请。请参见Lessons77~78语法部分。2.Don’tyouremember?你不记得了吗?这也是否定疑问句。3.don’tneedto=needn’t。表示“不必”,是must和haveto的一般现在时否定式。4.apleasantsurprise,意想不到的好事,令人惊喜的事。语法学习Grammarinusemust,haveto和needn’t这3个词都表示必要性。在前面已对must和haveto介绍过。must是情态助动词,而haveto是普通动词,二者在肯定句中一般可以互换,表示不可逃避的义务或责任。must更带有说话人的主观色彩,而haveto则更强调客观要求和外界影响。must一般只能表达现在的必要性,而haveto则可以表达过去或将来的必要性。IshallhavetoleaveLondontomorrow.我明早得离开伦敦。Ihadtostopsmokingbecauseitwasforbiddeninmycompany.因为我所在的公司内禁止抽烟,所以我不得不停止了吸烟。假如我们用must来提问,则只能用needn’t来表达否定的回答。needn’t还可以理解为haveto的否定回答。needn’t(don’tneedto)和don’thaveto都表示不必要;而mustn’t却表示绝对禁止,在说话人看来根本没有选择余地。请看例句:Youmustn’tturnleft.你不能左转弯。(表示绝对禁止)词汇学习Wordstudy1.meanv.(1)意味着,即:It’sraining!Thatmeansyoudon’tneedtowaterthegarden.下雨了!这就是说,你不必给花园浇水了。(2)(词语)表示……意思:Whatdoes‘perfume’meaninEnglish?“perfume”一词在英语中是什么意思?Thegreenlightmeans‘Goon.’ 绿灯的意思是“继续向前”。(3)意指;意欲:WhatImeanisthatwe’llhavetogobackandlookforit.我的意思是:我们必须回去寻找它。Hedidn’tmeantohurtyou.他的本意并不是想伤害你。2.waterv.(1)浇(洒)水;供水;喂水:Thegardenisverydry,I’mgoingtowaterittomorrowmorning.花园里很干了,明早我预备给它浇些水。Timiswateringhislovelylittledog.蒂姆正在给他那只可爱的喂水。(2)布满水;布满泪水;流口水:Hefeltsadandhiseyeswateredalittle.他感到难过,眼睛有点儿湿润了。Icecreamalwaysmakeshismouthwater.冰淇淋总能让他馋得淌口水。(3)搀水冲淡;加水稀释:Someonehadbeenwateringthemilk.有人往牛奶里搀了水。Healwayswatersdrinksandsellsthemtotourists.他总是在饮料里搀水并将之卖给游客们。练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson126A1Doesshehavetodecideimmediately?Shedoesn’thavetodecideimmediately.2Mustshedecideimmediately?Sheneedn’tdecideimmediately.3Dowehavetotakeataxi?Wedon’thavetotakeataxi.4Mustwetakeataxi?Weneedn’ttakeataxi.B1Ihavetotelephonehim,too.2Maryhastowaitforhim,too.3Jimhastomeether,too.4TomandMaryhavetotravelbyship,too.C1Doyoureallyhavetotelephonehim?2DoesMaryreallyhavetowaitforhim?3DoesJimreallyhavetomeether?4DoTomandMaryreallyhavetotravelbyship?新概念第一册127-128课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.Ithoughtso.我也这样想。so是代词,意为“这样”、“如此”。Ithinkso的否定式为Idon’tthinkso(我不这样认为)。类似用so的短句如:Ihopeso.我希望如此。Iexpectso.我期待如此。Itoldyouso.我这么告诉过你的。2.haveanotherlook,再(仔细)看一眼。3.lookold,看上去老。这里look是系动词,后跟表语。4.atleast,至少。5.I’msuresheis.我肯定她有40岁了。其后省略了atleastforty。6.notmorethantwenty-ninemyself,我自己还没29岁。其中notmorethan是“不超过”、“不到”的意思。这里反身代词myself是I的同位语,用来加强语气。Shediditherself.这事是她自己做的。语法Grammarinuse表示猜测和推断的情态助动词must和can’t(1)表示最有力的推论的最常用的形式是must和can’t。这时,它们一般与系动词be连用。肯定的推断用mustbe来表示,否定的推断用can’tbe来表示,而不用mustn’t。请看例句:Hecan’tbeadoctor.Hemustbeadentist.他不会是个医生。他一定是位牙医。Shecan’tbeDanish.ShemustbeNorwegian.她不会是丹麦人。她一定是挪威人。Hecan’tbeshaving.Hemustbehavingabath.他不可能在剃胡子。他一定是在洗澡。Itcan’tbecheap.Itmustbeexpensive.它不会便宜。一定价格昂贵。Hecan’tbeill.Hemustbetired.他不可能生病了。他肯定是累了。词汇学习Wordstudy1.famousadj.(1)闻名的;出名的:She’saveryfamousactress.她是一位非常闻名的女演员。(2)第一流的;极好的:Tomysurprise,hehadafamousappetite.让我感到惊奇的是,他有着极好的胃口。Thisisfamousweatherforastroll.这是散步最理想的天气。2.atleast(1)至少:Thisantiquevaseisworthatleast£20,000.这只古花瓶至少价值两万英镑。Atleast,youshouldconsideroursuggestions.至少你应该考虑一下我们的建议。(2)反正;无论如何;不管怎样:Hehasnoplanstogoabroadyet,atleastasfarasIknow.他尚未有出国的计划,至少据我所知是这样的。Thatpartywasn’texcitingatall,butatleastitfilledthetime.那个聚会一点儿都不令人兴奋,但不管怎样,它使人打发了那段时光。练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson128A1Hehastobehereatsixo’clock.2Ithinkheisprobablybusy.3Hehastobeattheofficeearlytomorrow.4Ithinkheisprobablysleeping.5IthinkheisprobablyFrench.6HehastobeinFrancenextweek.7Ithinkheisprobablyanengineer.B1Idon’tthinkso.Shecan’tbeItalian.ShemustbeGreek.2Idon’tthinkso.Hecan’tbeEnglish.HemustbeAmerican.3Idon’tthinkso.Theycan’tbeCanadian.TheymustbeAustralian.4Idon’tthinkso.Hecan’tbeamechanic.Hemustbeanengineer.5Idon’tthinkso.Hecan’tbeabusconductor.Hemustbeabusdriver.6Idon’tthinkso.Hecan’tbeasalesrep.Hemustbetheboss.7Idon’tthinkso.Hecan’tbetwenty-four.Hemustbethirty.8Idon’tthinkso.Theycan’tbefive.Theymustbeseven.9Idon’tthinkso.Hecan’tbeseventy-six.Hemustbeovereighty.10Idon’tthinkso.Shecan’tbefifty-five.Shemustbeunderfifty.11Idon’tthinkso.Itcan’tbethe21sttoday.Itmustbethe20th.12Idon’tthinkso.Itcan’tbeTuesdaytoday.ItmustbeWednesday.13Idon’tthinkso.Itcan’tbethe2ndtoday.Itmustbethe3rd.14Idon’tthinkso.Itcan’tbecheap.Itmustbeexpensive.15Idon’tthinkso.Itcan’tbeeasy.Itmustbedifficult.16Idon’tthinkso.Shecan’tbeold.Shemustbeyoung.17Idon’tthinkso.Theycan’tbeearly.Theymustbelate.18Idon’tthinkso.Hecan’tbereading.Hemustbesleeping.19Idon’tthinkso.Theycan’tbelisteningtotheradio.Theymustbewatchingtelevision.20Idon’tthinkso.Shecan’tberetiring.Shemustbelookingforanewjob.新概念第一册129-130课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.Wheredoyouthinkyouare?你认为你现在是在哪儿?doyouthink是用在非凡疑问句中的插入语,用来征询见解或表达看法。因为句中插入语已经是疑问式,主谓倒装了,所以youare的位置不能再对调了。插入语一般是对句子加一些附加的解释,在句子中作独立成分。常用来作插入语的结构有Ihope,Ithink,I’mafraid,youknow等。插入语可以位于句尾或句中,有时也可出现在疑问句中。2.musthavebeendoingsth.,一定/准是在做某事。这种结构用来表示对过去正进行的事情的推测。下文中的can’thavebeen是can’thavebeendriving的省略式,在意思上与musthavebeendriving正相反。3.That’swhyIdidn’tseethesign.所以我才没看见那牌子。whyIdidn’tseethesign作is的表语从句,以why引导的从句用来解释事情的原因。4.…you’dbettertakemyadvice!……你最好还是服从我的劝告吧!takeone’sadvice是“服从劝告”的意思。语法Grammarinuse表示猜测和推断的情态助动词must和can’t(2)must与can’t不仅能表达对现在和将来的猜测和推断,而且能表达对过去的猜测和推断——这时可用musthavebeen表示肯定的推断,用can’thavebeen(而不是mustn’thavebeen)来表示否定的推断,如后面跟进行时则表示对过去正在进行的动作的猜测。请看例句:Youmusthavebeendrivingatseventymilesanhour.你当时肯定正以每小时70英里的速度行驶。Ididn’tseeit.Imusthavebeendreaming.我没看见。我当时一定是在胡思乱想吧。Shecan’thavebeen29.Shemusthavebeen36.她那时肯定不会是29岁,她一定36岁了。Hecan’thavebeenreading.Hemusthavebeensleeping.他那时肯定不是在看书,他准是在睡觉。词汇学习Wordstudy1.chargev.(1)罚款;使承受经济负担:Hewaschargedbythepolicemanforspeeding.他因开车超速而被警察罚款。(2)要(价);收(费):Thehotelchargedthem£900foronenight.饭店向他们索要900英镑作为住一晚的费用。(3)指控;指责:Theychargedhimwithmurder.他们指控他犯了谋杀罪。2.dreamv.(1)做梦;梦见:Hedreamtabouthisgrandmotherlastnight.他昨天夜里梦见他的祖母了。Doyouoftendreamatnight?你晚上经常做梦吗?(2)梦想;幻想:Shedreamedthatonedayshewouldbeasfreeasabird她幻想着有一天自己能像鸟儿那般自由。Ioncedreamedofbecomingafamousdoctor.我曾一度梦想着成为一位闻名的医生。(3)出神;心不在焉;空想:Don’tdreamawayyourlife!不要在想入非非中虚度你的人生。Sorry,Ididn’tseethesign.Imusthavebeendreaming.对不起,我没看见那牌子。我一定是思想开小差了。3.wavev.(1)招手;挥手示意:Hewavedusquiet.他挥手要我们别出声。Shewavedmegoodbye.她向我挥手离别。(2)起伏;飘动:Theflagiswavinginthewind.旗帜正在风中飘扬。Shewasattractedbythewavingsea.她被那汹涌起伏的大海吸引。练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson130A1Hedidn’tcometoworkyesterday.Hemusthavebeenill.2Hedidn’tcometotheofficethismorning.Hehadtostayahome.3Idon’tthinkshewasAustrian.ShemusthavebeenGerman.4IlostmypensoIhadtobuyanewone.5Heforgothiscasesohehadtoreturnhome.6Shedidn’thearthephone.Shemusthavebeensleeping.B1.Idon’tthinktheywere.Theycan’thavebeenCanadian.TheymusthavebeenAustralian.2.Idon’tthinkshewas.Shecan’thavebeenFinnish.ShemusthavebeenRussian.3.Idon’tthinktheywere.Theycan’thavebeenJapanese.TheymusthavebeenChinese.4.Idon’tthinktheywere.Theycan’thavebeenbutchers.Theymusthavebeenbakers.5.Idon’tthinkshewas.Shecan’thavebeenadentist.Shemusthavebeenadoctor.6.Idon’tthinkhewas.Hecan’thavebeenasalesrep.Hemusthavebeentheboss.7.Idon’tthinkshewas.Shecan’thavebeenseventeen.Shemusthavebeentwenty-one.8.Idon’tthinktheywere.Theycan’thavebeenfive.Theymusthavebeenseven.9.Idon’tthinkhewas.Hecan’thavebeenseventy-six.Hemusthavebeenovereighty.10.Idon’tthinkshewas.Shecan’thavebeenfifty-five.Shemusthavebeenunderfifty.11.Idon’tthinkitwas.Itcan’thavebeenthe17thyesterday.Itmusthavebeenthe16thyesterday.12.Idon’tthinkitwas.Itcan’thavebeenTuesdayyesterday.ItmusthavebeenWednesdayyesterday.13.Idon’tthinkitwas.Itcan’thavebeenthe19thyesterday.Itmusthavebeenthe20thyesterday.14Idon’tthinkitwas.Itcan’thavebeencheap.Itmusthavebeenexpensive.15Idon’tthinkitwas.Itcan’thavebeeneasy.Itmusthavebeendifficult.16Idon’tthinkshewas.Shecan’thavebeenold.Shemusthavebeenyoung.17Idon’tthinkhewas.Hecan’thavebeenill.Hemusthavebeentired.18Idon’tthinktheywere.Theycan’thavebeenlisteningtotheradio.Theymusthavebeenwatchingtelevision.19Idon’tthinkshewas.Shecan’thavebeenretiring.Shemusthavebeenlookingforanewjob.20Idon’tthinktheywere.Theycan’thavebeensitting.Theymusthavebeenstanding.新概念第一册131-132课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.Wecan’tmakeupourminds,我们还拿不定主意。makeupone’smind是表示下定决心的一种固定用法。makeupone’smind(s)todosth.决心做......,打定主意......。例如:Wehavemadeupourmindstogotherebyplane.我们已经决定坐飞机去。2.Willyoutravelbyseaorbyair?你们乘船去,还是乘飞机去?这是一个选择疑问句。bysea表示“乘船”=byship。byair表示“乘飞机”=byplane。(by+交通工具,“乘......”)3.takealongtime,花很长时间。takealongtimetodosth.某人花了......(时间)做......Itakealongtimetowalktoschoolbecauseitisalongway.我用了很长时间走到学校,因为路很远。ittakessb.sometimetodosth.做某事花了某人多少时间,it在句中作形式主语,真正的主语是后面的不定式短语。Howlongwillittakeyoutodoyourhomeworkeveryday?每天做作业要花你多长时间?语法Grammarinuse情态助动词may表示可能性may或might都表示“可能”、“也许”。通常既可以用may,也可以用might,不过might所表示的可能性要比may小,且当情况是虚拟的时只能用might而不能用may。(1)may表示现在或将来的可能性:may+动词原形:Thebreadmaybefresh.面包可能是新鲜的。Hemaybereading.他可能正在看书。Imaygoabroad.我可能出国。Theymayoffermeajob.他们也许会给我提供一份工作。(2)may也可表示过去的可能性,过去式为:mayhave(done):Hewaslate.Hemayhavebeenbusy.他迟到了。他可能一直很忙。Iwentoutlastnight,andshemayhavebeenreading.我昨天晚上出去了,她可能一直在看书。Itmayhavebeenright.也可能是对的。Theymayhavebeeninthegarden.他们可能那时一直在花园里。词汇学习Wordstudy1.worryv.(1)担忧;发愁:Mumalwaysworriestoomuchanditmakeshertired.妈妈总是过度忧虑,而这使她疲惫。She’sworriedthatshemightloseherjobsoon.她担心也许很快她就会丢掉她现在的工作。(2)困扰;使不安宁:Doesn’titworryyouthathishealthisbecomingworse?他的身体越来越差,你不担心吗?Sheisalwayworryinghimforpresents.她总是缠着他要礼物。2.lookafter=takecareof(1)照料,照顾,照管:Who’sgoingtolookafterthegardenwhenweareaway?我们离开时谁来照料花园呢?Sallywillhelpustolookafterthechildrentomorrow.萨莉明天会帮我们照看孩子们的。(2)注重;关心:Don’tworryaboutme----Icanlookaftermyself.别担心——我会照顾好自己的。Thedoctoradvisedhimtolookafterhishealth.医生建议他要注重自己的健康。练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson132A1Yes,MartinistalkingtoGary.2Theymaygoabroad.3Gary’swifewantstogotoEgypt.4Theywilltravelbysea.5Yes,itmaybecheaper.6Yes,ittakesalongtime.7Becausehiswifeworriestoomuch.B1I’mnotsure.TheymaybeAustralian.2I’mnotsure.ShemaybeRussian.3I’mnotsure.TheymaybeChinese.4I’mnotsure.Theymayhavebeenbakers.5I’mnotsure.Shemayhavebeenadoctor.6I’mnotsure.Hemaybetheboss.7I’mnotsure.Shemaybetwenty-one.8I’mnotsure.Theymayhavebeenseven.9I’mnotsure.Hemayhavebeenovereighty.10I’mnotsure.Shemayhavebeenunderfifty.11I’mnotsure.Itmaybethe16thtoday.12I’mnotsure.ItmayhavebeenWednesdayyesterday.13I’mnotsure.Itmaybethe20thtoday.14I’mnotsure.Itmaybeexpensive.15I’mnotsure.Itmayhavebeendifficult.16I’mnotsure.Shemayhavebeenyoung.17I’mnotsure.Hemayhavebeentired.18I’mnotsure.Theymaybewatchingtelevision.19I’mnotsure.Shemayhavebeenlookingforanewjob.20I’mnotsure.Theymaybestanding.新概念第一册133-134课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.Haveyoujustmadeanewfilm,MissMarsh?您刚拍完一部电影吗,马什小姐?make可表示“作出某种举动”,其意义根据宾语而定。本句中的make可理解为“拍(摄)”。2.makeanother,再拍一部。之后省略了film。3.byourreporter=reported/writtenbyourreporter。4.Iwonderwhy!=Iwonderwhysheisnotgoingtomakeanotherfilm.(1)wonder=wanttoknow想知道;(表示疑虑)(2)wonder后可以跟why/what/who/where/when/how等特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句。语法Grammarinuse需改变时态的间接陈述句间接引语里常要改变时态,这是因为原来讲的话与转述这些话之间有一段间隔。选择哪种恰当的形式取决于转述者的着眼点。在间接引语里通常并不确切地重复讲话者说过的话。转述通常发生在过去,所以引述动词通常是过去时。因此,转述时从句的时态通常要“往回移”(backshift)。一条普遍的规则是:现在时变为过去时,过去时变为过去完成时。为过去时的情态助动词和过去完成时在转述时不变,因为不可能再往回移了。使用间接引语主要是为了简洁、紧凑地把说话内容转述给第3者。请看下面直接引语变成间接引语时在时态等方面必须作出的相应变化:(1)一般现在时改为一般过去时:‘I’mthirsty,’shesaid.Shesaid(that)shewasthirsty.她说她渴了。(2)现在进行时改为过去进行时:‘I’mhavingarest,’shetoldthem.Shetoldthem(that)shewashavingarest.她告诉他们说她当时正在休息。(3)现在完成时改成过去完成时:‘I’vejustmadeanewfilm,’shetoldme.Shetoldme(that)shehadjustmadeanewfilm.她告诉我说她刚完成一部新影片。(4)一般将来时改成过去将来时(一般用would+动词原形):‘I’llhavetoaskmyhusband,’shesaid.Shesaid(that)shewouldhavetoaskherhusband.她说她将得去问问她丈夫。(5)情态动词由现在时改成过去时或条件时态:‘Icanseeyoutomorrow,’shesaid.Shesaid(that)shecouldseemethenextday.她说她下一天可以见我。‘I’llhelpyou,’shesaid.Shesaid(that)shewouldhelpme.她说她将帮助我。 ‘Imayreturnatsixo’clock,’shetoldme.Shetoldme(that)shemightreturnatsixo’clock.她告诉我说她可能6点钟回来。(6)为过去时或条件时态的情态助动词不变:‘Icouldseeyoutomorrow,’shesaid.Shesaid(that)shecouldseemethenextday.她说她第2天会见我。‘IwouldcomplainifIwereyou,’ shetoldme.Shetoldme(that)shewouldcomplainifshewereme.她告诉我说,假如她是我的话她就会抱怨的。词汇学习Wordstudy1.wonderv.(1)感到好奇;想要知道:Iwonderwhyhehasn’tcome.我很想知道他为什么没来。IwaswonderingifIcouldborrowyourbicycle.我在想是否能借用你的自行车。(2)感到惊奇(或诧异):Shewondersathisrudeness.她对他的无礼感到惊奇。Ishouldn’twonderifsheiselected.假如她当选,我不会感到惊异。2.sensationaladj.(1)令人兴奋的;轰动性的:Thediscoverywassensational.那个发现引起了轰动。(2)耸人听闻的;企图追求轰动效应的:Thesensationalnewsreportdidn’thavemucheffectonthem.那起耸人听闻的新闻报导对他们并无多大影响。(3)非常好;给人深刻印象的:Shelookssensationalinthatdress!她穿那条裙子的样子真令人难忘!练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson134A1Yes,shehas.2Areporter.3Shesayssheisgoingtoretire.4Becausesheisgoingtoretire.5Kateboughtanewspaper.6MissMarsharrivedatLondonAirport.7Shewaswearingabluedressandaminkcoat.B1Hesaidhewasbusy.2Hesaidshewascold.3Shesaidthebookwasinteresting.4Hesaidtheywerehungry.C1Hetoldmehewasworking.2Theytoldmeshewasleaving.3Shetoldmetheywerejoking.4HetoldmeTomwaswaiting.D1Hetoldmehehadmethim.2Hetoldmehehadlostit.3Shetoldmeithadstopped.4Theytoldmeshehadarrived.新概念第一册135-136课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.Hewon’tletmemakeanotherfilm.他不会再让我拍电影了。句中动词let后面的不定式不带to,类似的例子如动词have,make等。句型为:let/have/makesb.dosth.2.introduceAtoB,将A介绍给B,向B介绍A。Thespeakerintroducedhimselftotheaudience.演讲的人把自己介绍给听众。3.getmarried,结婚。getmarried(结婚),表示结婚的行为,属终止性动作;bemarried(已结婚),表示已婚的状态,可以表示时间的延续;marryvt.表示“嫁”、“娶”、“结婚”、“与......结婚”的意思。根据要求不同,有时接宾语,有时则不接;还可以构成marrysb.to...(把......嫁给......)。例如:Atlastshemarriedthatyoungman.最后,他与那个年轻人结婚了。Theoldcouplemarriedwell.这对老夫妇婚姻美满。Shewantedtomarryherdaughtertoarichman.他想把她的女儿嫁给一个有钱人。4.thelatest=thelatestnews最新消息。5.…shewouldhavetoaskherfuturehusband.……她得问问她的未婚夫。这部分是从句,在整句话中作said的直接宾语。wouldhavetoask是过去将来时结构。因为主句的谓语动词是said,相对过去的这一时间点的将来就是过去的将来,所以用过去将来时结构。语法Grammarinuse1.let的用法let与一般动词不同,它用于动词+宾语+动词原形结构,即let后面可接名词或代词,再接不带to的动词不定式。其意思为“答应”、“让”。请看例句:Sheletshersonplayinthegarden.她让她的儿子在花园里玩。Herparentswouldn’tlethergooutwiththatboy.她的父母不答应她与那个男孩子一起出去。Justletmetry!就让我试试吧!Theydidn’tlettheguestssmokeinthelobby.他们不答应客人们在大厅吸烟。2.间接引语中情态助动词由现在时如何变为过去时(参见Lessons133~134语法部分。)‘IcanunderstandEnglish,’shetoldme.ShetoldmeshecouldunderstandEnglish.她告诉我说她懂英语。‘Ican’taffordanewcar,’shesaidtome.Shetoldmeshecouldn’taffordanewcar.她告诉我说她买不起新车。‘Itwillraintomorrow,’shetoldwe.Shetoldmeitwouldraintomorrow.她告诉我说明天下雨。‘Georgewon’ttravelbyair,’ hesaid.HesaidGeorgewouldn’ttravelbyair.他说乔治将不乘飞机旅行。‘Imaygotothecinemathisevening,’hesaid.Hesaidhemightgotothecinemathisevening.他说他可能今晚去看电影。‘Imaynotretire,’ hesaid.Hesaidhemightnotretire.他说他可能不退休。词汇学习Wordstudy1.introducev.(1)介绍;引导:HewasintroducedtoMrs.Blackatthatparty.在那个聚会上,他被介绍跟布莱克太太相识了。MayIintroducemyfuturehusbandtoyou?让我介绍你跟我的未婚夫熟悉好吗?(2)引进;推行:PandahasbeenintroducedintoJapanfromChina.大熊猫由中国引入日本。EconomicreformshavebeenintroducedinChina.中国推行了经济方面的改革。(3)引领;(初次)提出:Theguestwasintroducedintoaroomupstairs.客人被领进了楼上的一个房间。Heintroducedanewtopicforourdiscussion.他提出了一个新的议题供我们讨论。2.reallyadv.(1)真正地;确实地:Areyoureallygoingtoretire?你真的预备退休吗?Hewantstoknowwhatreallyhappened.他想知道事实的真相。(2)用以加强语气;实在;其实:Ireallydon’tmind.我真的不介意。Youdon’treallyexpecthimtobelievethat,doyou?你其实并不指望他相信那一点,对吗?(3)表示疑问、惊奇、恼怒等;真的;是吗;真是的练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson136A1Sheisstillnotsure.2No,shecan’t.3HisnameisCarlos.4Theywillgetmarriednextweek.5SheisstayingatherLondonHotel.6Yes,shedoes.7Lizsaysthenewsissensational.B1HesaidPennywouldopenthewindow.2Shesaidshewouldchangesomemoney.3Hesaiditwouldraintomorrow.4Hesaidtheywouldarrivelater.5Shesaidhewouldrepairit.6Hesaidhewouldwritetohim.C1HetoldmehecouldunderstandEnglish.2Shetoldmeshecouldrecognizehim.3Theytoldmetheycouldaffordit.4Shetoldmeshecouldrememberhim.5Hetoldmehecouldchangeit.6Hetoldmehecouldfinishit.D1Theysaidtheymightarrivetomorrow.2Hetoldmehemightretire.3Shesaidshemighttelephonehim.4Hetoldmeshemightsellit.5Hesaidshemightrecognizeyou.6Shetoldmeshemightfinishit.新概念第一册137-138课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.dothefootballpools,下足球赛的赌注footballpools是英国流行的一种赌博方式,靠在足球比赛结果上的赌注来决定输赢。2.We’llwinsomething.=We’ llwinsomemoney.3.Whatwillyoudoifyouwinalotofmoney?假如你赢了许多钱,你打算做什么呢?ifyouwinalotofmoney是一个表示条件的状语从句。在英文中,条件是指某一事情(状语从句中的动作)实现之后其他事情(主句中的动作)才能发生,通常译为“假如”。假如条件状语从句用于询问或谈论十分可能发生的事情,那么条件状语从句中常用一般现在时,而主句中则用一般将来时。alotof既可与可数名词也可与不可数名词连用。(请参见本课语法部分。)4.I’llbuyyouaminkcoat!=I’llbuyaminkcoatforyou!buysb.sth.=buysth.forsb.5.seetheworld,看世界。travelroundtheworld,周游世界。二者有异曲同工之处。5.What’llwedothen?那时我们怎么办呢?句中then意为“到那时”(指将来)。6.apleasantdream,一个美好的梦。参考词汇:pleasant,agreeable,pleasing在一起对比的一般含义为“使人觉得愉快的”。pleasant表示被修饰的对象由于具有令人高兴的外表或热切的气质而使人感到有一种自然的吸引力”Excuseme,”shesaid,”CanyoutellmethewaytoKingStreetplease?”Themansmiledpleasantly.HedidnotunderstandEnglish!“对不起,”她说。“可以告诉我到国王街怎样走吗?”那个人令人愉快地微微一笑,他不懂英语!agreeable具有pleasant的含义。但另外还有这样的含义:有意识地表现随和或符合某人的鉴赏标准Hedescribeditas’averyagreeablesituationlocatedwithintwosmallhillsinthemidstofwhichflowedagreatriver’.他把这个地方描绘成“一个非常令人愉快的地方,地处两个小山之间,中间流过一条大河”。Shehasanagreeablevoice.她的嗓音听起来很悦耳。pleasing具有pleasant的含义,但另外多一层有意识地去讨人喜欢的含义Sheisverypleasingwaitress.她是个很会讨顾客喜欢的女招待。Shehasapleasingshape.她的身段很俊俏。这三个词除了可以修饰人的气质(disposition)外,还用于修饰人或物的外表,或者令人高兴的本质或外表对感觉器官的作用。如:pleasant(orunpleasant)smell,pleasant(orunpleasant)view,agreeable(ordisagreeable)smell,pleasing(ordisgusting)manners.7.dependon,取决于,依靠。常见同义词组:dependupon(信赖,依靠);bedependenton(信赖,依靠)。Dependuponit,weshallsolvetheproblematlast.请相信,我们最终会解决这个问题。Wehopeforforeignaidhutcannotbedependentonit.我们希望有外援,但是我们不能依赖它。语法Grammarinuse第1类条件句假如我们认为将来的事件是可能发生的,就可用第1类条件句去描述将会发生什么事或不会发生什么事。其基本结构是:If+一般现在时+将来时(或情态助动词),如:Ifitrainstomorrow,wewon’tgototheseaside.假如明天下雨,我们就不去海边。if从句中的现在时表示需具备的条件,主句中的shall/will将来时表示可能的结果。具备的条件是真实的,可能真的下雨。假如是这样,它就会有真实的结果。这就是为什么这样的陈述句常被称为“开放”条件句或“真实”条件句的原因。事实上,在第1类条件句中,一切现在时态都能用在if之后,而不仅仅是一般现在时。请看例句:Ifhefalls,he’llhurthimself.假如他摔倒了,他会伤着自己的。Ifyoudon’thurry,we’llmissthetrain.你要是不赶紧点儿,我们就会误了火车。Ifyoufeelbetter,youcangetup.你要是感觉好些了的话,你就能起床了。IfIambettertomorrow,Iwillgetup.假如我明天感觉好些了,我就起床下地。IfIhaveaheadache,Iwilltakeanaspirin.我要是头疼的话就会服用一片阿司匹林。IfIcanaffordit,Iwillbuyit.要是我买得起的话我就会买它。词汇学习Wordstudy1.dependv.(on)(1)视……而定;取决于:Itdependsonwhethertheywinornot.这取决于他们是否能赢。(2)依靠;依靠:Thecountrydependsheavilyonitsexportoffarmingproducts.这个国家在很大程度上依靠于其农产品的出口。Theydependedonusforhelp.他们依靠的是我们的帮助。(3)信赖;相信:Wecandependontheaccuracyofthetest.我们可以相信测试的准确性。YoucandependonJohn----heisanhonestman.你可以信赖约翰——他是一个老实的人。2.winv.(1)赢(如比赛或奖项);获胜:Whichteamwon?哪一队获胜了?Hefeltveryexcitedtohavewonthegoldmedal.赢得了金牌,他感到非常兴奋。(2)(经过努力等)赢得;取得;成功:Doyouthinkhewillwintheelection?你认为他竞选会成功吗?Hehadbeenapplyingforascholarshipandhewonatlast.他一直在申请奖学金并终于获得了。练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson138A1Heisdoingthefootballpools.2No,hehasneverwonanythingonthefootballpools.3Hewillbuyhiswifeaminkcoatifhewinsalotofmoney.4No,shedoesn’t.5Shewantstoseetheworld.6Hewilltryandwinthefootballpoolsagain.7Yes,it’sonlyadream.8Italldependson‘if’ .B1Ifhemissesthebus,he’lltakeataxi.2Ifhedoesn’tsellhisoldcar,hewon’tbuyanewone.3Iftheyoffermemoremoney,I’llworkless.4Ifshedoesn’ttypetheletter,he’lltypeithimself.5Iftheycomehomeearly,thechildrenwillplayinthegarden.6IfIamilltomorrow,Iwon’tgotowork.7IfIgototheparty,I’llenjoymyself.8Ifheasksme,I’lltellhimthetruth.9Ifitrainstomorrow,they’llstayathome.C1Shecanliveabroadifsheisrich.2Hecantravelroundtheworldifheisrich.3Hecanbuyanewhouseifheisrich.4Theycanhavealongholidayiftheyarerich.5IcanenjoymyselfifIamrich.6Youcanofferyourbossajobifyouarerich.7HecanflytoTokyoifheisrich.8Shecanworklessifsheisrich.新概念第一册139-140课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.—Isthatyou,John?是你吗,约翰?—Yes,speaking。是我,请讲。口语化的电话用语。正式用语:IsthatJohnspeaking?或Excuseme,I’dliketospeaktoJohn.注意,在英文中,打电话开始时说“你是......?”“我是......?”时,不用Areyou...?或Iam...,而用that或this来代替。2.TellMarywe’llbelatefordinnerthisevening.你告诉玛丽,今晚吃饭我们将晚到一会儿。句中wewillbelate…是一个宾语从句,作动词tell的宾语,Mary是间接宾语。这个宾语从句省略了引导词that。late表示“迟到”的意思时通常作表语,与for连用。belatefor...做......迟到Hurryup,orwe’llbelateforthemovie.快点儿!不然看电影就晚了。3.SheinvitedCharlotteandmetodinnerthisevening.她邀请我和夏洛特今晚去吃饭。一般过去时陈述句,thisevening作时间状语。invitesb.todinner请某人吃饭【联想记忆】invitesb.toone’shouse请某人到家中作客invitesb.toone’scountry邀请某人到自己的国家访问invitesb.todosth.邀请某人做某事HeinvitesmetovisittheSummerPalacetomorrow.他邀请我明天去颐和园。4.bytheway,顺便(问、说一下)。说话者忽然想到另一件事的时候用此来表示改变话题。例如:Bytheway,canyoutellmethewaytotheBeijingstation.顺便问一下,到北京车站的路怎么走?语法Grammarinuse宾语从句(2)在以前已介绍过宾语从句一般由that,which和whom引导,它们有时在口语中可以省略。除此之外,宾语从句还可以由when,where,what,why,how以及if和whether这些疑问词来引导,而它们在句中往往不能加以省略。无论是that,if还是wh-疑问词引导的宾语从句通常都应以陈述句的形式出现。请看例句:Shewantstoknowwhenyou’llhaveabath.她想知道你何时洗澡。Idon’tknowwhereshelives.我不知道她住在哪儿。Hewantstoknowwhatyouarecooking.他想知道你在做什么饭。ShewantstoknowwhyMaryislate.她想知道玛丽为何迟到。Hewantstoknowifyouaretired.他想知道你是否累了。词汇学习Wordstudy1.extra(1)adj.额外的;外加的;另外收费的:Couldyougetanextrabottleofmilk?请你再拿一瓶牛奶好吗?OnSundays,shealwaysgetssomeextrasleep.星期天她总是比平时多睡一会儿。Guestsatthishotelcanusethegymatnoextracost.这家饭店的客人们可以使用健身房,不再额外收费。(2)adv.额外地;另外:Heusuallyworksextraonweekends.他通常在周末加班。They’llchargeyouextraforroomservice.饭菜送到房间是要另外收费的。Sheisextranicetohercolleaguesthesedays.这些日子她对她的同事们非凡好。2.overseas(1)adj.海外的;国外的:Theuniversityrecruitsalargenumberofoverseasstudentseachyear.这所大学每年招收大量的外国留学生。Thissmallcountrydependsheavilyonitsoverseastrade.这个小国在很大程度上依靠于其海外贸易。(2)adv.在(或向)海外;在(或向)国外:Johnisgoingtoworkoverseassoon.约翰不久就要出国工作了。Hehasneverbeenoverseas.他还从未出过国。练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson140A1Yes,GrahamTurnerisspeakingtoJohnSmith.2MaryinvitedMr.andMrs.Turnertodinner.3GrahamTurnersaidhewouldbethereatsixo’clock.4Becausehisbosswantedhimtodosomeextrawork.5No,hedoesn’t.6Mr.Turner’swifewantstoknowifMaryneedsanyhelp.B1Iwanttoknowifyouarelate.Tellmeifyouarelate.Iwanttoknowwhyyouarelate.Tellmewhyyouarelate.2Iwanttoknowifyouaredirty.Tellmyifyouaredirty.Iwanttoknowwhyyouaredirty.Tellmewhyyouaredirty.3Iwanttoknowifyouarelazy.Tellmeifyouarelazy.Iwanttoknowwhyyouarelazy.Tellmewhyyouarelazy.4Iwanttoknowifyouarebusy.Tellmeifyouarebusy.Iwanttoknowwhyyouarebusy.Tellmewhyyouarebusy.C1Iwanttoknowifyouarewriting.Tellmeifyouarewriting.Iwanttoknowwhatyouarewriting.Tellmewhatyouarewriting.2Iwanttoknowifyouarecooking.Tellmeifyouarecooking.Iwanttoknowwhatyouarecooking.Tellmewhatyouarecooking.3Iwanttoknowifyouarepainting.Tellmeifyouarepainting.Iwanttoknowwhatyouarepainting.Tellmewhatyouarepainting.4Iwanttoknowifyouareplaying.Tellmeifyouareplaying.Iwanttoknowwhatyouareplaying.Tellmewhatyouareplaying.D1IwanttoknowifTomgotupearly.TellmeifTomgotupearly.IwanttoknowwhenTomgotup.TellmewhenTomgotup.2IwanttoknowifTomarrivedlate.TellmeifTomarrivedlate.IwanttoknowwhenTomarrived.TellmewhenTomarrived.3IwanttoknowifTomdidhishomeworkyesterday.TellmeifTomdidhishomeworkyesterday.IwanttoknowwhenTomdidhishomeworkyesterday.TellmewhenTomdidhishomeworkyesterday.新概念第一册141-142课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.myfour-year-olddaughter,我那4岁的女儿。four-year-old是名词daughter的定语。各词用连字符连在一起,构成一个复合形容词。注意在这个复合词中仅用单数year,而不用复数:如:athirteen-year-oldgirl一个13岁的姑娘afive-year-oldboy一个五岁的男孩athree-meter-talltree一棵三米高的树2.…Sallywasinvitedtoachildren’sparty.……萨莉被邀请去参加一个儿童聚会。这是一个被动语态的例子。在英文中,假如想避免用含混不清的词(如someone等)作主语,经常可使用被动词态。(具体请参见本课语法部分。)被动语态由相应的be动词加上过去分词构成:Itisrepairedregularly.它定期修理。Theyarecorrectedregularly.它们得到了定期校正。Hewasmetatthestationthismorning.今早有人在车站接他。3.Shehadnevertravelledonatrainbefore.她以前从未坐过火车。这句话使用的是过去完成时,副词before通常用于完成时态(现在完成时或过去完成时)的句子里,而ago用在过去时的句子里。4.amiddle-agedlady,一位中年女士。middle-aged是一个复合形容词,这种复合形容词是由名词/形容词+过去分词构成。例如:ahand-madecoat一件手工制作的上衣alarge-eyedboy一个大眼睛的男孩along-leggedgirl一个长腿的姑娘5.oppositeSally,在萨莉的对面。这是介词短语,作状语,修饰sat,表示其具体状态、情况。6.takeout,拿出。7.makeupherface,往她的脸上施脂粉。makeup意为“化妆”、“妆扮”(指擦胭脂、抹粉)。8.Tomakemyselfbeautiful…把自己妆扮漂亮……这是一个省略句,句首省略了Iamdoingthat,而只留下这个作目的状语的动词不定式短语;beautiful作myself的宾语补足语。9.putaway,收拾好,储存备用。Shewashedthecupsandputthemaway.她洗完杯子后便把他们收了起来。语法Grammarinuse被动语态(1)英语动词有主动语态和被动语态之分。在主动句中,动词的主语是执行动作的人或物。在被动句中,主语是动作的承受者。在英语中被动词态用得很普遍,这样做可以避免用不明确的词作主语,或是将说话的重点放在事件而不是造成该事件的人或物上。被动语态的构成:be+过去分词。过去分词不一定指过去。请看例句:(1)一般现在时形式:am/are/is+过去分词:Theroomisairedregularly.这个房间定期通风。Theknivesaresharpenedregularly.刀定期磨。(2)一般过去时形式:was/were+过去分词:Shewasdressedinred.她身穿红色衣服。Thewindowswereopenedthismorning.窗户今早是开着的/被打开了。(3)英语中表达感情的动词通常可用于被动式,这些动词如:amuse,embarrass,worry,surprise,interest,upset等:Sheisembarrassed.她感到尴尬。Theywereworried.他们感到担忧。词汇学习Wordstudy1.embarrassedadj.(1)尴尬的;局促不安的:Hefeltsoembarrassedatthatmoment.在那一刻,他感到如此尴尬。Thegirlwasveryembarrassedtospeakinfrontofsomanystrangers.在如此之多的生疏人面前讲话,那个女孩子很是局促不安。(2)陷入困境的;拮据的:Hewasfinanciallyembarrassed.他经济上陷入了困境。Hesaysthatheisembarrassedatthemoment,buthewillbeabletopayyounextmonth.他说他目前手头紧,但下个月就可以付钱给你。2.curiouslyadv.(1)好奇地:Thelittleboywatchedcuriouslyashismumopenedthebox.那个小男孩好奇地看着他妈妈打开盒子。(2)过于好奇地:Shecuriouslyopenedtheletteraddressedtoherhusband.她抑制不住好奇心,拆开了别人写给她丈夫的信。3.kindlyadv.(1)和蔼地;亲切地:Hetreatsthechildrenkindly.他待孩子们和蔼而仁慈。Theoldmangreeteduskindly.那位老人亲切地招呼我们。(2)请(=please,有时表示客气,有时表示不满等):Willyoukindlyleavetheroom?请你离开这房间好吗?Kindlyacknowledgethisletter.此信收到后请告知。(3)乐意地;感谢地:Henevertakescriticismkindly.他从不乐于接受批评。练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson142A1Sallyisfouryearsold.2BecauseSallyhadnevertravelledonatrainbefore.3Shesatnearthewindow.4Amiddle-agedladygotonthetrain.5Theladywasdressedinabluecoatandalarge,funnyhat.6Sheopenedherhandbagandtookoutherpowdercompact.Thenshebegantomakeupherface.7Becauseshewantedtomakeherselfbeautiful.8No,shedidn’t.B1Someoneairsitregularly.Itisairedregularly.2Someonecleansthemregularly.Theyarecleanedregularly.3Someoneemptiesitregularly.Itisemptiedregularly.4Someonesharpensitregularly.Itissharpenedregularly.5Someoneturnsthemonregularly.Theyareturnedonregularly.6Someonewatersthemregularly.Theyarewateredregularly.7Someonerepairsitregularly.Itisrepairedregularly.8Someonedustsitregularly.Itisdustedregularly.9Someonecorrectsthemregularly.Theyarecorrectedregularly.10Someoneshutsitregularly.Itisshutregularly.C1Someonewateredthem.Theywerewateredthismorning.2Someonerepairedit.Itwasrepairedthismorning.3Someonedustedit.Itwasdustedthismorning.4Someonecorrectedthem.Theywerecorrectedthismorning.5Someoneshutit.Itwasshutthismorning.6Someoneboughtthem.Theywereboughtthismorning.7Someonesweptit.Itwassweptthismorning.8Someonetookthemtoschool.Theyweretakentoschoolthismorning.9Someonemetthematthestation.Theyweremetatthestationthismorning.10Someonetoldthem.Theyweretoldthismorning.新概念第一册143-144课文详解及练习答案课文详注Furthernotesonthetext1.Iliveinaveryoldtownwhichissurroundedbybeautifulwoods.我住在一个由美丽的树林环绕的古老的小镇上。这是一个主从复合句,whichissurroundedby...为定语从句,修饰town。which指代town。从句用的是被动语态,“被......所包围”,如果将从句独立为一个句子,则为:Mytownissurroundedbybeautifulwoods.2.onSundays是泛指“在星期天”,而不是指在某个星期天。3.hundredsofpeople,数以百计的(游)人。hundredsofpeople复数形式表概数,“数以......计的”与of连用,作名词的修饰语,其后面的名词必然是复数形式。4....toseeourtownandtowalkthroughthewoods.来参观我们的小镇并在树林中散步。toseeourtownandtowalkthroughthewoods为不定式短语作目的状语。这里用and连接的两个动词不定式。介词through,“穿过”,强调纵深向,如:walkthroughtheforest穿过森林:而across强调横向,如:walkacrossthestreet横穿街道5.Visitorshavebeenaskedtokeepthewoodscleanandtidy.游客已被告知要保持树林的整洁。现在完成时的被动语态,说明需求的行为应为游客所知。(句中havebeenasked是被动语态的完成时结构。详见本课语法部分。)tokeepthewoodscleanandtidy是动词不定式短语,作主语visitors的补足语。cleanandtidy是宾语thewoods的宾语补足语。cleanandtidy表示“整洁的,清洁的”这是英语中的常用结构,其它常见的类似结构还有:blackandblue青一块紫一块;happyandgay高高兴兴heartandsoul全心全意,一心一意6.goforawalk,去散步。7.WhatIsawmademeverysad.我所见到的一切使我非常难过。句中的主语WhatIsaw是what引导的名词性从句(主语从句)。例如:Whatthelittleboydidsurprisedhismother.那个小男孩所做的一切使他母亲十分惊讶。Whatyoudomakesmehappy.你所做的是我愉快。8.Thelitterbasketswereemptyandgroundwascoveredwithpiecesofpaper,cigaretteends,oldtyres,emptybottlesandrustytins.句中and连接的并列句,“thelitterbasketswereempty”与“grounwas...分别为两个并列分句,becoveredwith...被......覆盖。如:Thedesksarecoveredwithdust.桌子上布满了灰尘。Thegroundwascoveredwithsnow.地上覆盖着雪。9.Anyonewholeaveslitterinthesewoodswillbeprosecuted!凡在此树林里丢垃圾者,将依法处置。这是一个主从复合句,who引导定语从句,修饰先行词anyone。willbeprosecuted为将来时的被动语态。Anyonewhocomestothepartyiswelcome.该晚会来者不拒。Anyonewhobreaksthetrafficregulationswillbefined.任何违反交通规则的人都会被罚款。语法Grammarinuse被动语态(2)上一次介绍了被动语态的一般现在时和一般过去时形式,这里介绍其现在完成时和一般将来时形式:(1)现在完成时形式:has/have+been+过去分词:Thebaskethasalreadybeenemptied.篮子已经被腾空了。Theyhavealreadybeeninvited.他们已被邀请。(2)一般将来时形式:will/shall+be+过去分词:Thefloorwillbesweptsoon.地不久就会扫的。Thekniveswillbesharpenedsoon.刀不久就会磨的。词汇学习Wordstudy1.placev.(1)(小心地)放;放置:Heplacedtherecordbacktotheshelf.他把唱片放回到架子上。Theirrequestplacedmeinadifficultposition.他们的要求将我置于困境。(2)任命;安置:ThecompanyhasplacedhimwithabranchofficeinTokyo.公司任命他在东京的一家分支机构工作。Thereisnobetterwaytoplacethehomelesschildren.没有更好的办法来安置这些无家可归的孩子们。2.prosecutev.(1)起诉,检举;依法处置:Trespasserswillbeprosecuted.闲人莫入,违者法办。Theyprosecutedhimforshoplifting.他们起诉他扒窃商店货物。(2)〈书面语〉彻底进行;执行:Wearegoingtoprosecutetheinvestigationfurther.我们将进一步彻底进行调查。3.surroundv.包围;围绕:Thebeautifulwhitehouseissurroundedbygreentrees.那所漂亮的白房子被绿树环绕着。Thatoldprofessorlovedtosurroundhimselfwithyoungpeople.那位老教授非常喜欢年轻人围在他左右。WhenIwentintotheroom,IsawTimsittingonthefloorsurroundedbyboxes.当我走进房间时,我看到蒂姆正坐在地板上,他的四周到处都是盒子。练习答案KeytowrittenexercisesLesson144A1Thewriterlivesinaveryoldtownwhichissurroundedbybeautifulwoods.2Becauseitisafamousbeautyspot.3Visitorshavebeenaskedtokeepthewoodscleanandtidy.4Litterbasketshavebeenplacedunderthetrees.5Thewriterwentforawalkinthewoods.6Yes,hesawalotofrubbish.7Hesawasignamongtherubbish.8Thesignsaid,‘ Anyonewholeaveslitterinthesewoodswillbeprosecuted.B1Someonehasairedit.Ithasalreadybeenaired.2Someonehascleanedthem.Theyhavealreadybeencleaned.3Someonehasemptiedit.Ithasalreadybeenemptied.4Someonehassharpenedit.Ithasalreadybeensharpened.5Someonehasturnedthemon.Theyhavealreadybeenturnedon.6Someonehasboughtthem.Theyhavealreadybeenbought.7Someonehassweptit.Ithasalreadybeenswept.8Someonehastakenthemtoschool.Theyhavealreadybeentakentoschool.9Someonehasinvitedthem.Theyhavealreadybeeninvited.10Someonehastoldthem.Theyhavealreadybeentold.C1Ithasn’tbeenairedyet.Itwillbeairedtomorrow.2Theyhaven’tbeencleanedyet.Theywillbecleanedtomorrow.3Ithasn’tbeenemptiedyet.Itwillbeemptiedtomorrow.4Ithasn’tbeensharpenedyet.Itwillbesharpenedtomorrow.5Theyhaven’tbeenturnedonyet.Theywillbeturnedontomorrow.6Theyhaven’tbeenwateredyet.Theywillbewateredtomorrow.7Ithasn’tbeenrepairedyet.Itwillberepairedtomorrow.8Ithasn’tbeendustedyet.Itwillbedustedtomorrow.9Theyhaven’tbeencorrectedyet.Theywillbecorrectedtomorrow.10Ithasn’tbeenshutyet.Itwillbeshuttomorrow.新概念英语第一册自学必备资料下载汇总新概念英语第1册补充教材(新东方在线新概念英语网络课堂课件)新概念英语第一册有声E书电子书下载新概念英语教师用书第一册下载【新概念英语】第一册笔记PDF下载新概念第一册全新全绎电子书下载新概念英语第一册MP3+lrc歌词新概念英语第一册词汇手册电子书下载新概念英语第一册讲解电子书下载新概念英语第一册语法总结下载新概念英语教程第一册完美排版TXT格式下载新概念英语第二册自学必备资料下载汇总新概念英语第2册精美排版TXT格式下载新概念英语第二册词汇手册电子书下载新概念英语第二册笔记电子书下载新概念第二册笔记word版和pdf版全下载新概念英语第二册笔记WORD格式新概念英语教师用书第二册《新概念英语》第二册语法精粹【新概念英语】第二册精美笔记下载新概念英语第二册笔记pdf(96课全)新概念英语有声E书第二册电子书下载新概念英语第二册全86篇电子书下载新概念英语第三册自学必备资料下载汇总新概念英语第3册精美排版TXT格式下载新概念英语第三册词汇手册电子书下载新概念第三册经典句子电子书下载新概念第三册笔记(自学新概念的宝典)新概念第三册课文精读详解50篇PDF下载新东方新概念第三册完整笔记共130多页WORD下载新概念自学导读第三册下载新概念英语教师用书第三册下载新概念英语第3册补充教材(新东方在线新概念英语网络课堂课件)新概念英语第四册自学必备资料下载汇总(更新中)新概念英语第四册句型精华21篇电子书下载新概念英语第4册精美排版TXT格式下载新概念英语第四册词汇手册电子书下载新概念第四册句子精粹电子书下载新概念第四册课文打印版(适合于背诵)新概念英语有声E书第4册新概念英语教师用书第四册下载新概念第四册句子精粹电子书下载新概念英语第四册词汇手册汇总及文本下载新概念英语第四册手机电子书下载