第五、六讲初中英语语法知识梳理动词 24页

第五、六讲初中英语语法知识梳理－动词动词是表示动作（study,find,swim等）或状态（be,like,feel等）的词。动词具有人称、数量、时态、语态和语态变化。 知识梳理：提纲挈领，抓住重点和难点！动词分类：动词有助动词、情态动词、联系动词和行为动词四类。一）助动词助动词没有任何含义，不能单独做谓语，只能和行为动词一起构成谓语，帮助行为动词组成各种时态、语态、语气以及疑问或否定形式。常见的助动词有be,do,does,did,have,will,shall等。具体用法如下：1、助动词be的用法如下：1）构成各种进行时态。如：Itwasrainingalldayyesterday.昨天整天下雨。2）构成被动语态。如：Themeetingwasheldyesterdayafternoon.会议是昨天下午举行的。3）与不定式连用表示按照计划、预先安排或规定要发生的动作。如：TheyaretoseeanEnglishfilmthisevening.他们今天晚上看英语电影。2、助动词do的用法如下：1）构成疑问式或否定式。如：Doeshethinkso?Ididn’tsayanythingabouttheresult.2)在动词前加上do,does,did表示强调，意为“的确，确实”。如：Theydostudyhard.Shedoeslovehim.Hedidwanttohelptheoldman.3、have: 助动词have的过去式是had。have和had均可与动词过去分词一起构成完成时态。如：Hehaslivedhereforthreeyears.Assoonasthesunhadsettheyreturned.4、shall,should:助动词shall只用于第一人称的将来时态；助动词should是shall的过去式，构成过去将来时。如：Ishallsendtenletterstomygoodfriend.ShewantedtoknowifIshouldgotothepalace.二）情态动词情态动词本身有一定含义，但不能单独作谓语，要和行为动词一起构成谓语。它们也能表明句子的否定、疑问或时态上的区别。常见的情态动词有：can,may,must,need,should等。表示能力表示能力一般用can,could。如：Rosecanspeaknow,butshecouldn’taweekago.beableto也表示能力，它和can的区别如下：1）表示做事的能力，两者可通用。但can只能用于一般现在时和一般过去时。beableto可用于任何时态。如：Shecould/wasabletoeatfourpiecesofbreadwhenshewasyoung.24 Theywillbeabletofinishthedrawingsoon.2)表示过去经过努力而成功的某一次动作，只能用was/wereableto,但在否定句中可互换。如：Shewasweak,butwasabletofinishthetasklastnight.can(could)在疑问句中与第二人称连用时，表示征求对方意见或提出请求，表示委婉语气。虽然could是can的过去式，但是could只是表示比can语气更加委婉客气，没有时间上的差别。如：-Couldyoulendmeyourpen?-Yes,Ican.表示许可表示许可一般用may/might,can/could,而且常可互换。Might,could语气比较委婉。要特别注意：回答以might,could开头的疑问句只能用may,can给予直截了当的回答。-Might/CouldIborrowyourbook?-Yes,youmay/can.表示必需、必要 must和haveto都有“必须”，一般情况下可互换。如：Youmust/havetofinishthework..但他们有如下区别：1）must表示说话人的主观看法；haveto表示客观需要。如：Imusthaveatalkwithhim.Hehastogiveupsmokingbecauseofbadlycough.2)否定式mustn’t表示禁止，意为“不准，不可以做”；don’thaveto意为“不必”。如：Youmustn’thither.Youdon’thavetoexplainittomeifyoudislikethejob.注：表示推测的情态动词有表示“一定”的must,表示“很有可能”的should,oughtto和表示“可能”的can,could,may,might。具体用法如下：must表示较有把握的推测，只用于肯定句，不能用语否定句或疑问句。用法如下：1）对目前动作的推测，用must+动词原形。如：Youmustloseinthemountain.2)对目前状态的推测，用must+be+表语。如：Youspeakfor4hours,youmustbethirsty.在肯定句中，表示对现在或将来把握不大的推测用may(might)+动词原形，might比may　的可能性更小；对过去把握不大的推测用may(might)have+过去分词。如：Thepackagemightcometomorrow.Theymayhavekilledtheenemies.3、在疑问句中，对现在表示推测用can(could)…+动词原形，对过去表示怀疑则用can(could)…have+过去分词；在否定句中，对现在表示推测用can’t+动词原形，对过去表示推测用can’t(couldn’t)have+过去分词。如：Itcan’tbeJohn.HehasgonetoUK.4、need的双重身份need既可作情态动词又可作实意动词，它们的用法不同，如不注意区分，就容易用错。三）系动词连词动词的种类联系动词含有一定意义，它们要与其后做表语的形容词、名词或介词（短语）一起构成合成谓语。系动词按意义可分为三类，而且有自己的特定用法。1、按意义联系动词有：be,appear,seem,keep,remain,continue,stay,prove等，如：Jimappears24 veryold.２、表示感觉的联系动词有look,feel,smell,sound,taste等。如：Itsmellsbad.3、表示转变的联系动词有become,fall,get,go,grow,turn等。如：  Shebecomesmorebeautifulthanthreeyearsago.四）行为动词   行为动词又称实义动词，它们都含有实在的意义，表示动作或状态，可在句中独立作谓语。行为动词又分为及物动词和不及物动词。１、及物动词及物动词后一定要跟宾语，意思才能完整。如：Mymothertoldmeshewantedtobuysomebooksforme.2、不及物动词  不及物动词意义完整，不需带宾语，但如果有些不及物动词非要带宾语时，必须先加介词后加宾语。如：Heonlyworriedabouthisdaughter.二、动词的时态   动词的时态有很多。初中阶段主要掌握八种：一般现在时、一般过去时、现在进行时、过去进行时、一般将来时、过去将来时、现在完成时、过去完成时。1．一般现在时1）一般现在时态的构成：主语是I,we,you,they和名词复数时作谓语的行为动词用原形。主语是he,she,it和名词单数时，作谓语的行为动词的词尾变化如下：一般情况＋s以s,x,ch,sh　或　o结尾＋es以辅音＋y结尾去y变i＋es2）一般现在时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式（以be和like为例）：主  语肯定式否定式疑问式  第一、二人称和第三人称复数以及名词复数I amastudent.We/You/Theyarestudents.He/Sheisastudent. I/We/You/They/likemusic.Manypeoplelikemusic.Iamnotastudent.We/You/Theyarenotstudents.He/Sheisnotastudent.I/We/You/They/don’tlikemusic.Manypeopledon’tlikemusic.Areyouastudent.Areyou/they students?Ishe/sheastudent? Doyou/theylikemusic?Domanypeoplelikemusic? 3）一般现在时态的用法： 现阶段经常性，习惯性的动作。例如：   Igetupatsixeverymorning.     Heplaystennisonceaweek.现在的状态        例如：Mymotherisateacher.SheteachesEnglishinaschool.客观真理          例如：Theearthgoesaroundthesun.4）常用于一般现在时态的时间状语：24   often usually sometimes always everyday never inthemorning等。一般现在时 一般现在时基本用法介绍一般现在时的功能：1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：天空是蓝色的。___________________你是一位学生.______________________2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：我每天六点起床.___________________________我们每天读英语._________________________________________3.表示客观现实。如：地球绕着太阳转。______________________________________一般现在时的构成1.be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如： 我是一个男孩。_____________________这是我的书包。______________________2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：我们学习英语._________________我每天步行上学。______________________________当主语为第三人称单数(he,she,it)时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如：玛丽喜欢汉语_______________她说英语。__________________________一般现在时的变化：1.be动词的变化。否定句：主语+be+not+其它。 如：他不是工人。_____________________我们不是工人。______________________ 一般疑问句：Be+主语+其它。   如：-Areyouastudent?---IsLiPingateacher?   ______________________________________________________________   特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：我的自行车在哪里？Whereismybike?这是什么？___________________你多大________________________________   2.行为动词的变化。   否定句：主语+don"t(doesn"t)+动词原形(+其它)。如： 我不喜欢面包。_______________________他们不踢足球。___________________________  当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn"t构成否定句。如：他不喜欢汉语。______________________她不踢足球。_____________________________ 一般疑问句：Do(Does)+主语+动词原形+其它。如：   你常常踢足球吗？______________________________-Yes,Ido./No,Idon"t. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如：  她骑自行车上班吗?__________________________-Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn"t.  特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：你父亲是怎样上班的？_____________________?他坐公共汽车上班。_______________  动词+s的变化规则   1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks,milk-milks   2．以s.x.sh.ch.o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes  3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如：study-studies  一般现在时用法专练: 一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数 drink________go____________stay____________make__________look________have____________pass__________carry_________come___________watch___________plant_____________fly___________study___________brush____________do_____________teach__________24  二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1.Heoften______(have)dinnerathome.2.DanielandTommy________(be)inClassOne.3.We___________(notwatch)TVonMonday.4.Nick___________(notgo)tothezooonSunday.5.______they________(like)theWorldCup?6.What_______theyoften_______(do)onSaturdays?7._______yourparents_______(read)newspaperseveryday?8.Thegirl_______(teach)usEnglishonSundays.9.SheandI________(take)awalktogethereveryevening.10.There________(be)somewaterinthebottle.11.Mike_______(like)cooking.12.They_______(have)thesamehobby.13.Myaunt_______(look)afterherbabycarefully.14.Youalways_____(do)yourhomeworkwell.16.She__________(go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.17.LiuTao_______(do)notlikePE.18.Thechildoften____________(watch)TVintheevening.20.－Whatday____________(be)ittoday?－It’sSaturday.24三、按照要求改写句子    1.Idomyhomeworkeveryday.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)___________________________________________2.Amylikesplayingcomputergames.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)______________________________________    3.Wegotoschooleverymorning.(改为否定句)__________________________________________________________    4.HespeaksEnglishverywell.(改为否定句)___________________________________________________________    5.Iliketakingphotosinthepark.(对划线部分提问)______________________________________________________    6.JohncomesfromCanada.(对划线部分提问)___________________________________________________________   四、改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)   1.IsyourbrotherspeakEnglish?__________________2.Doeshelikesgoingfishing?__________________   3.Helikeplayinggamesafterclass.__________________4.Mr.WuteachsusEnglish.__________________   5.Shedon’tdoherhomeworkonSundays._________________ 2.现在进行时 1）现在进行时的构成：Am/is/are+v-ing是现在进行时的构成形式  v-ing现在分词的构成：一般情况+ing以不发音字母e结尾的单词。去e,加ing+ing以辅音字母＋y结尾的单词去e+ing24 以重读闭音节结尾的单词，末尾只有一个辅音字母时.双写词尾字母+ing  2)现在进行时的肯定肯定句、否定句、疑问句形式：主  语肯定式否定式疑问式 第一、二人称和第三人称复数以及名词复数 Iamdriving.He/She/Itisworking.We/You/Theyaredoingsomething.  Iamnotdriving.He/She/Itisnotworking.We/You/Theyarenotdoinganything.  Areyoudriving?Ishe/she/itworking?Areyou/theydoingsomething?  3）现在进行时的用法： 1.说话时正在进行或发生的动作（动作是在说话时正在进行）。例如：  Sheishavingabathnow. 2.现阶段正在进行或发生的动作（但是动作并不是必须在说话时正在进行）。例如： Youareworkinghardtoday. KatewantstoworkinItaly,sosheislearningItalian. Thepopulationoftheworldisgrowingveryfast.频度副词always,forever等词连用时，表示某种强烈的感情。如：Heisalwaystryingoutnewideas.(表示欣赏，表扬)表示按计划即将发生的动作（仅限于go,come,arrive,leave,start,fly,begin,stay等动词）。如： Thepartyisbeginningat8:00o’clock.6)常用于现在进行时态的时间状语：now等。  often usually sometimes always everyday never inthemorning等。例题解析：举一反三，学的更轻松！ 1．Idon’tthinkthatit’strue.She’salways______lies.   A.tell     B.tells      C.telling     D.told解析：always在这里应现在进行时连用，带有感情色彩，表示讨厌。选C.2.      How______you______withthenewjob?A.do,do    B.do,getalong   C.are,doing    D.are,gettingon解析：表示现阶段正在发生的动作，用现在进行时。选D.3．---Arethesesocksyours?  ---No.Mine______outsideontheclothesline. A.arehanging  B.havehung   C.hang     D.hung解析：hang意为悬挂，hung意为上吊、绞死，先排除答案B、D。根据前后句意可判断出现在的状态，应用现在进行时。应选A.现在进行时专项练习：一、写出下列动词的现在分词：play________run__________swim_________make__________go_________like________write________ski___________read__________have_________sing______dance_________put_________see________begin________shop___________buy________love____________live_______take_________come________get_________stop_________sit________二.填空:（用现在进行时态完成）24 1.She________________(walk)now.2.They________(sitt)onthechair.3.Cindy_____________(watch)TV.4.Joe________(water)inthegarden.5.Look,Nick_________(come).6.Listen,she_________(sing).7.Look,thegirl_________(run).8.Mymotherandmyfather_________(dance).三.根据汉语意思填空:1.你要去哪儿啊?Whereareyou_____?2.Nick正在爬攀登架.Nick______________(climb)thejunglegym.3.他们正在读书.They____________booksnow.4.爷爷正在吸烟.Grandpa_________________(smoke).5.我在做作业.I_______________(do)myhomework.6.我妈妈正在做饭.Mymother______________(cook).7.Jerry在喝柠檬果汁.Jerry______________lemonjuice.8.他正在写信.He________________aletter.四.填入be动词的适当形式1.He_____drinkingwater.2.Theeagle_____flyinginthesky.3.Children_____playingintheplayground.4.They_____workingnow.5.I_____goingtothesupermarket.五、用所给的动词的正确形式填空： 1.Theboy__________________(draw)apicturenow.2.Listen.Somegirls_______________(sing)intheclassroom.4.What_____you______(do)now?5.Look.They_______________(have)anEnglishlesson.6.They____________(not,water)theflowersnow.10.______Helen____________(wash)clothes?Yes,sheis.六、句型转换： 1.Theyaredoinghousework.(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)   __________________________________________________________________________________________________   2．Thestudentsarecleaningtheclassroom.(改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)   _________________________________________________________________________________________________   3．I’mplayingfootballintheplayground.(对划线部分进行提问)_____________________________________________4．Tomisreadingbooksinhisroom.(对划线部分进行提问)_________________________________________________七．用动词的适当形式填空（现在进行时与一般现在时对比练习）She______________(go)toschoolateighto’clock.2.It’ssixo’clock.Theyare_____________supper.(eat)Heusually_______________upat6:00.(get)4.She__________________(live)inBeijing.Theyare______________(dig)ahole(洞).6.Myfather_______________(mend)hismodel(模型)planethesedays.九.造句:1).she,thewindow,open,now.(用现在进行时连词成句.)________________________________2).is,who,thewindow,cleaning?(连词成句)__________________________________________3).Sheisclosingthedoornow.(改成否定句)______________________________________24 4.)Youaredoingyourhomework.(用"I"作主语改写句子)_____________________________5).they,thetree,sing,now,under.(用现在进行时连词成句.)__________________________6).TheYoungPioneersarehelpingtheoldwoman.(改成一般疑问句)_________________十、用括号中动词的适当形式填空： 1.Myparents____________________（watch）TVnow.2.What_______yourmother_______（do）now? 3._______you_______（listen）tomusic?Yes,Iam.4.Look,MissChen__________________football.（play）5.Tomandhissister____________（wait）foryouoverthere.6.NowClass3andClass4_________（have）atest. 3．一般将来时1）一般将来时的构成：  1.助动词will(shall)+动词原形  2.am/is/are   +going to+动词原形 2）一般将来时的用法：  1．将要发生的动作。例如：     IwillleaveforBeijingtomorrow.  2．将要存在的状态。例如：     ThistimenextyearIwillbeinJapan.Wherewillyoube?  3．打算要做的事。例如：     Areyougoingtowatchthefilmontelevisiontonight? 3)常用于一般将来时的时间状语：tomorrow   nextweek   in2008  等。  例题解析：举一反三，学的更轻松！1.I______forHongKongonSaturday.Willyougotoseemeoffattheairport？A.amleaving B.amleft   C.amgoingtoleaving D.left解析：趋向动词leave可用现在进行时表将来。选A。2.I______toseegrandmaandhelpherwithsomehouseworkeveryweek.A.came    B.amgoingcome C.come  D.willcome解析：此题虽然有everyweek,但句意中表达的事将要去做的经常性动作。应该用一般将来时。因此选D。3.      WeChinese______theOlympicGamesin2008.A.held      B.shallholding  C.areholding  D.aregoingtohold解析：本题的时间状语是将来的时间，所以选用一般将来时，A、D都删去。shall后面应跟动词原型，故应选D.一、填空。1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。  I___________________haveapicnicwithmyfriendstomorrow.=I________haveapicnicwithmyfriendstomorrow.2.下个星期一你打算去干嘛?我想去打篮球。What___________________________________________nextMonday?I_________________playbasketball.  = What_________youdonextMonday?I________play24 basketball.3.你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。   _____yourmother_______________goshoppingthis___________?   Yes,she_________.She________________________buysomefruit.二、改句子。1.Nancyisgoingtogocamping（野营）.（改否定）Nancy________goingtogocamping.2.I’llgoshopping　thisafternoon.（改否定）I___________goshopping　thisafternoon.3.I’mgoingtogetupat6:30tomorrow.（改一般疑问句）_____________________togetupat6:30tomorrow?4.Wewillmeetatthebusstopat10:30.（改一般疑问句）_______________meetatthebusstopat10:30.5.Sheisgoingtolistentomusicafterschool.（对划线部分提问）_________she________________afterschool?6.Myfatherandmotheraregoingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorrow.(同上)   __________________goingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorrow.三、用所给词的适当形式填空。1.Mybrother_______________(go)toShanghainextweek.2.Whatdoyouusuallydoatweekends?Iusually_____________(watch)TVand_______________(catch)insects(昆虫)?3.Mary_____________________________(visit)hergrandparentstomorrow.4.LiuTao____________(fly)kitesintheplaygroundyesterday.5.MymotherandI_____________________________(clean)ourgardentomorrow.6.Where________yourparents____________________________(have)lunchtomorrow?7.She________________________________(gofishing)tomorrow.例题解析：举一反三，学的更轻松！1． r.Mottisout.Buthe______hereafewminutesago.A.was      B.is      C.willbe     D.wouldbe解析：时分钟前发生的动作，应该用一般过去时。应选 A，2．---Hi,Tom.  ---Hello,Fancy.I______youwerehere.    A.don’tknow  B.won’tthink  C.think       D.didn’tknow解析：虽然句中没有明确的时间状语，但是可以通过上下文语境判断出，这句话指的是我这段时间并不知道，你前一阵子在这儿。所以应选A。3．HepromisedtotellmebyhimselfwhenI______.A.come     B.wouldcome  C.come  D.hadcome解析：在时间状语从句中，用一般过去时表示过去将来。应选C。4．一般过去时 1）一般过去时的构成：  用动词的过去式。作谓语的行为动词的词尾变化如下：一般情况+ed以e字母结尾的辅音+d以辅音字母＋y结尾去y变i＋ed重读闭音节结尾的单词，末尾只有一个辅音字母         双写词尾字母+ed2）一般过去时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式（以be和like为例）：主  语肯定式否定式疑问式24   第一、二人称和第三人称复数以及名词复数Iwasastudent.We/You/Theywerestudents.He/Shewasastudent. I/We/You/They/likedmusic.Manypeoplelikedmusic.Iwasnotastudent.We/You/Theywerenotstudents.He/Shewasnotastudent.I/We/You/They/didn’tlikemusic.Manypeopledidn’tlikemusic.Wereyouastudent.Wereyou/they students?Washe/sheastudent? Didyou/theylikemusic?Didmanypeoplelikemusic? 3）一般过去时的用法：1． 过去发生的动作。例如：   Thepolicestoppedmeonmywayhomelastnight.2． 过去存在的状态。例如：Theyweren"tabletocomebecausetheyweresobusy.3.常用于一般过去时的时间状语：  yesterday，threemonthsago，lastyear，in1979，often，always等。练习：一、写出下列动词的过去式is,am_________fly_______plant________are________drink_________play_______go________make________does_________dance________worry________ask_____taste_________eat__________draw________put______throw________kick_________pass_______do________二、句型转换1.Itwasexciting.否定句：____________________一般疑问句：______________________肯、否定回答：_______________________2.Allthestudentswereveryexcited.否定句：_____________________________   一般疑问句：______________________________肯、否定回答：________________________________3.Theywereinhispocket.否定句：_____________________   一般疑问句：________________________肯、否定回答：_________________________________三、用be动词的适当形式填空1.I______anEnglishteachernow.2.She_______happyyesterday.3.HelenandNancy________goodfriends.4.They_______gladtoseeeachotherlastmonth.5.Thelittledog_____twoyearsoldthisyear.6.Look,there________lotsofgrapeshere.7.There________asignonthechaironMonday.8.Today_____thesecondofJune.Yesterday______thefirstofJune.It_____Children’sDay.Allthestudents______veryexcited.四、句型转换1.Therewasacarinfrontofthehousejustnow.否定句：_________________________________   一般疑问句：___________________________________肯、否定回答：_____________________24 五、中译英 1．昨天我做了作业。______________________________________________ 2．他上个礼拜去了公园。_____________________________________________ 3．他们刚才在操场上玩。_______________________________________________六、用行为动词的适当形式填空1.He_________(live)inWuxitwoyearsago.2.Thecat________(eat)abirdlastnight.3.We_____(have)apartylastnight.4.Nancy_______(pick)uporangesonthefarmlastweek.5.I_____(make)amodelshipwithMikeyesterday.6.They______(play)chessintheclassroomlastPElesson.7._________she_________(practice)herguitaryesterday?    No,she_________.改错1．HowisJaneyesterday?_______________2．Hegotoschoolbybuslastweek.___________________3．Heoftengoeshomeat6:00lastmonth._________________4．Icanflykitessevenyearsago.__________________5．Didyousawmyhomeworkyesterday?____________九、写出下列动词的三单现、过去式和现在分词go______________________enjoy______________________begin__________________buy_____________________eat____________________eat___________________get_____________________walk_______________________play___________________take__________________dance______________________study____________________write___________________run____________________swim_____________________ 5．现在完成时1） 现在完成时的构成：have/has+v-ing2）现在完成时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式（以be和see为例）：主  语肯定式否定式疑问式  第一、二人称和第三人称复数以及名词复数 I/We/You/Theyhavebeenherebefore.He/Shehasbeenherebefore..I/We/You/They/Manypeoplehaveseenthefilm. I/We/You/Theyhaven’tbeenherebefore.He/Shehasn’tbeenherebefore..I/We/You/They/Manypeoplehaven’tseenthefilm.Haveyou/theybeenherebefore?Hashe/shebeenherebefore?Haveyou/they/manypeopleseenthefilm?  现在完成时的用法：1、表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果.常与already,just,ever,never,before等词连用.如:24  Shehasneverreadthisnovel.他从未读过这本小说.(他对小说的内容不了解)2、表示“过去的动作”一直延续到现在并有可能继续延续下去.常与for(后跟段时间)或since(后跟点时间)等连用.如:IhavebeenamemberofthePartyfor10years.       IhavebeenamemberofthePartysince10yearsago.注：在有for和since引导时间状语的句子中不能用短暂性动词，应用与之相应的表示状态的词。如：   Hehasdiedfor3years.(F)Hehasbeendeadfor3years.(T)注意：①现在完成时不能和表示明确的过去时间连用。如：in1998,lastmorning等     ②have/hasbeento表示“去过”（去了又回来了）       have/hasgoneto表示“去过”（去了没回来了）     如：Wherehasshegone?(句中所指的人不在)        Wherehasshebeen?(句中作指的人在)例题解析：举一反三，学的更轻松！--Howlong______he______afever?---Eversincelastnight.A.have,got    B.have,had   C.have,caught  D.did,have解析：此句表示从昨晚起持续到现在的状态，应用现在完成时，去掉答案D。因为是段时间，所以不能用短暂行动词，get和catch都是短暂行动词。因此选B.Mybowlisempty.Who______allmysoup?A.drinks     B.haddrunk  C.hasdrunk    D.drank解析：碗是空的了，这里强调的是所发生的动作造成的结果。“谁把我的汤都喝了。应选C.3. I______youforalongtime.Where______you______?  A.Didn’tseen;did,go  B.didn’tsee;have,gone  C.haven’tseen;have,been   D.haven’tseen;havegone解析：for+段时间一般预先在完成时连用。“你去哪儿了？”（在这段时间你不在）应选C。一、       单项选择。1、Bothhisparentslooksad.Maybethey_________what"shappenedtohim.　　Ａ.knewＢ.haveknownＣ.mustknowＤ.willknow2、Hehas_______beentoShanghai,hashe?　　Ａ.alreadyＢ.neverＣ.everＤ.still　3、HaveyoumetMrLi______？　　Ａ.justＢ.agoＣ.beforeＤ.amomentago4、Thefamouswriter_____onenewbookinthepasttwoyear.　　Ａ.iswritingＢ.waswritingＣ.wroteＤ.haswritten5、—Ourcountry______alotsofar.　　　—Yes.Ihopeitwillbeeven______.　　Ａ.haschanged;wellＢ.changed;good　　Ｃ.haschanged;betterＤ.changed;better　6、ZhaoLan______already______inthisschoolfortwoyears.　　Ａ.was;studyingＢ.will;study　　Ｃ.has;studiedＤ.are;studying24 　7、We______XiaoLisinceshewasalittlegirl.　　Ａ.knowＢ.hadknownＣ.haveknownＤ.knew8、HarryPotterisaverynicefilm.I_______ittwice.　　Ａ.willseeＢ.haveseenＣ.sawＤ.see9、—ThesefarmershavebeentotheUnitedStates.　　—Really?When_____there?　　Ａ.willtheygoＢ.didtheygo　　Ｃ.dotheygoＤ.havetheygone10、—______you___yourhomeworkyet?　　—Yes.I_____itamomentago.　　Ａ.Did;do;finishedＢ.Have;done;finished　　Ｃ.Have;done;havefinishedＤ.will;do;finish11、Hisfather______thePartysince1978.　　Ａ.joinedＢ.hasjoinedＣ.wasinＤ.hasbeenin　12、—Doyouknowhimwell?　　—Sure.We_________friendssincetenyearsago.　　Ａ.wereＢ.havebeenＣ.havebecomeＤ.havemade　13、—Howlonghaveyou____here?　　—Abouttwomonths.　　Ａ.beenＢ.goneＣ.comeＤ.arrived　14、Hurryup!Theplay__________fortenminutes.　　Ａ.hasbegunＢ.hadbegun　　Ｃ.hasbeenonＤ.began15、It_____tenyearssinceheleftthearmy.　　Ａ.isＢ.hasＣ.willＤ.was16、MissGreenisn"tintheoffice.she_______tothelibrary.　　Ａ.hasgoneＢ.wentＣ.willgoＤ.hasbeen　17、Myparents______Shandongfortenyears.　　Ａ.havebeeninＢ.havebeento　　Ｃ.havegonetoＤ.havebeen18、Thestudentshavecleanedtheclassroom,?A.sotheyB.don’ttheyC.havetheyD.haven’tthey19、hasMrWhitebeenamemberofGreenerChinasincehetoChina?A.Howsoon,comesB.Howoften,gotC.Howlong,cameD.Howfar,arrived20、Hisuncleformorethan9years.A.hascomehereB.hasstartedtoworkC.haslivedthereD.haslefttheuniversity二、       句型转换。1、Hehasneversurfed,?（改成反意疑问句）2、Theyhavebeenheresince2000.(对划线部分提问)havetheybeenhere?3、Theoldman_________lastyear.Heforayear.(die)（动词填空）4、Thisfactoryopenedtwentyyearsago.(同义句转换)24 Thisfactory________fortwentyyears.5、MissGaoleftanhourago.(同义句转换)MissGao_______________________________anhourago.6、HermotherhasbeenaPartymemberforthreeyears.（同义句）　Hermother_______thePartythreeyears________.7、TheGreenFamilymovedtoFrancetwoyearsago.(同义句转换)_______twoyears________theGreenfamilymovedtoFrance.8、Thebushasarrivedhere.Itarrivedtenminutesago.(把两个句子合并成一个句子)___________________________________________ 参考答案：一、单项选择。1、现在完成时主要强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，或过去发生的动作还未结束，一直持续到现在或将来，重点在于对现在的影响。这种考查难度较大，往往无时间状语，需要从上下文分析、推理才行。故上两侧根据上下文分析、推理，正确答案是Ｂ。2、现在完成时常与already（已经），just（刚刚，正好），ever（曾经），never（从来，也不；从不），before（以前），yet（仍然）等连用。故2应选B。3、C4、现在完成时常与recently（近来），sofar（到目前为止），inthepast/“last+一段时间”等时间状语连用。因为上述短语表示的是从现在起往前推算的一段时间，句中的动作是从过去某一时间或时刻开始持续到现在的。故4应选D。5、C6、现在完成时时常与“for+时间段或since+过去时间点”连用（含从句，从句过去时）。故6应选C。7、C8、现在完成时还与once（一次），twice（两次），threetimes（三次），severaltimes（几次）等表示重复次数的词语连用。故8应选B。9、现在完成时与一般过去时容易混淆，就是因为它们所表示的动作都发生在过去，但二者又有区别：一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作，说话的侧重点在于陈述一件过去的事情，与现在没有关系；现在完成时表示与现在有关系的发生在过去的动作，它不与表示过去的时间状语（如yesterday,lastweek,amomentago等）连用。故9的正确答案为B。10、B11、现在完成时中，非延续性动词不能与for和since引导的表示一段时间的状语连用，通常是用相应的延续性动词来代替。故11的正确答案依次为：D。12、B13、A14、C15、A。16、“have/hasgoneto+地点”表示“某人去了某地（还未回来）”，指主语所指的人不在这儿。“have/hasbeenin+地点”表示“在某地呆了多长时间”，常与表示时间的状语连用。“have/hasbeento+地点”表示“曾经去过某地（但现在已不在那儿）。”故16的正确答案为A。17、A18、D19、C20、C二、句型转换。1、hashe?2、Howlong3、died,hasbeendead4、hasbeenopen5、hasbeenaway6、joined；ago7、Itis,since8、Thebushasbeenherefortenminutes.24  6、过去进行时1）过去进行时的构成： was/were+v-ing2)过去进行时的用法： 过去某一阶段或某一时刻正在进行的动作。例如： ThistimelastyearIwaslivinginBrazil. Whatwereyoudoingat10o"clocklastnight?3)常用于过去进行时的时间状语： atfouryesterdayafternoon，then，atthattime/moment等。例题解析：举一反三，学的更轻松！Daddypromisedmehe______meacomputerA.wasbought  B.hadbought  Cbought   D.wouldbuy    解析：“爸爸答应我给我买一台电脑”。宾语从句中的动作是以过去为起点将要发生的动作，应用过去将来时。选D。Theysaidthey______dosomesportsifitwasfine.A.weregoingto  B.went   C.wouldgoing D.weregoing解析：“他们说如果天气好的话他们打算去运动。”去做运动发生在说话之后，所以应选用过去将来时，答案B不合适，“打算作某事”为“begoingtodo”.would后面应跟动词原形，应选A.过去进行时态练习一、单项选择1.Mybrother___whilehe___hisbicycleandhurthimself.A.fell,wasridingB.fell,wereridingC.hadfallen,rodeD.hadfallen,wasriding2.Tom___intothehousewhennoone___.A.slipped,waslookingB.hadslipped,lookedC.slipped,hadlookedD.wasslipping,looked3.ThelasttimeI__Janeshe___cottoninthefields.A.hadseen,waspickingB.saw,pickedC.hadseen,pickedD.saw,waspicking4.Idon"tthinkJimsawme;he___intospace.A.juststaredB.wasjuststaringC.hasjuststaredD.hadjuststared5.IfirstmetLisathreeyearsago.She___ataradioshopatthetime.A.hasworkedB.wasworkingC.hadbeenworkingD.hadworked6.---Hey,lookwhereyouaregoing!---Oh,I"mterriblysorry.________.A.I"mnotnoticingB.Iwasn"tnoticingC.Ihaven"tnoticedD.Idon"tnotice7.ThereportersaidthattheUFO___easttowestwhenhesawit.A.wastravelingB.traveledC.hadbeentravelingD.wastotravel8.I___mybreakfastwhenthemorningpostcame.24 A.hadB.hadbeenhavingC.havebeenhavingD.washaving9.WhenIarrivedathisoffice,he___onthephone.A.wasspeakingB.spokeC.hadbeenspeakingD.hadspoken10.“What"sthematter,Ali?Youlooksad.”“Oh,nothingmuch.Asamatteroffact,I___ofmyfriendsbackhome.”A.justthoughtB.havejustbeenthinkingC.wasjustthinkingD.havejustthought二、动词填空。1．John_______（work）alldayyesterday.2．He_______（walk）homewhenthe（rian）_______begin.3．—What______you_______（do）atteno"clockyesterday？—I_______（studay）inclass．4．WhenHarry_______（have）breakfastLily_______（telephone）him．5．WhenI________（go）toschoolthismorningI______（see）acarrunningintoabus．6.ThistimeyesterdayJack______(mend)hisbike.7.I______(write)aletterattenlastnight.8.Itwassix.TheGreens______(have)supper.9.Whenyou______(knock)atthedooryesterday,I______(do)somewashing.10.Whilemymother______(watch)TV,I______(make)akite.答案一.AADBBBADAC二.1.wasworking2.Hewaswalkinghomewhentherainbegan.(原题打错了吧)3.wereyoudoingwasstudying(原型study打错了)4.washavingtelephoned5.wasgoingsaw6.wasmending7.waswriting8.werehaving9.knockedwasdoing10.waswatchingwasmaking 7、过去完成时态1）过去完成时态的构成：                   肯定式：had+动词的过去分词                        否定式：hadn’t+动词的过去分词                  疑问式：Had…+动词的过去分词                  简略回答:Yes,主+have/hashad.   No,主+had现在完成时的用法过去完成时的用法：1、表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作。他表示的时间是“过去的过去”常与bylastyear,bythetimeofyesterday,等连用。如： Shesaidshehadseenthefilm4times. WhenMrLigottotheclassroom,allthestudentshadbegunreading. Bythetimetheyarrived,thebushadleft.2、表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态。常与for(后跟段时间)或since(后跟点时间)等连用.如:24  Shehadworkedinthisschoolsinceitopened25yearsago.例题解析：举一反三，学的更轻松！1.He______inShanghaiUniversityforfouryearsbeforehe______Beijing.A.studied,hadgone    B.hadstudied,wentC.hasstudied,goes     D.hadstudied,hadgone解析：“他去北京之前在上大学学习了4年”。在上海学习的动作发生在去北京之前，因此第一个空应用过去完成时。此题选B。2.Marysaiditwasatleastfiveyearssincehe______agooddrink.A.enjoyed    B.wasenjoying  C.hadenjoyed  D.wouldenjoy解析：Itwas+时间段+since引导的从句中用过去完成时。应选C。3.XiaoPeisaidshe______Hainanfor3months.A.hasbeenin   B.hadbeenin  C.hadbeento  D.hadgoneto解析：“小培说她去了海南三个月 ”。havebeento和havegoneto都是短暂性的动词短语。所以适应表示状态的havebeenin.应选B.过去完成时练习1.We_____________(paint)thehousebeforewe______________(move)in.2.Thatricholdman_____________(make)awillbeforehe_____________(die).3.They_____________(study)themapofthecountrybeforethey________(leave).4.Therobbers_____________(runaway)beforethepolicemen_______(arrive).5.I__________(turnoff)allthelightsbeforeI____________(go)tobed.6.Paul__________(go)outwithJaneafterhe__________(make)aphonecall.7.Tom__________(say)he___________(read)thebooktwice.8．Ihadsoldtheticketwhenshecame.（改否定句）9.Shehadsungasongtousbeforeshedanced.（改否定句）10.By10:00a.m,Ihadbeenveryhungry.（改一般疑问）11.LucyhadalreadycompletedtheprojectwhenIarrived.（改一般疑问）12.HehadbrokenhisarmwhenIsawhim.（对划线部分提问）13.Whenhehadreadthenote,heateit.（对划线部分提问）14..Jackdidn’tgotothecinemabecausehehadseenthefilm.（对划线部分提问）15.Wehadhadthetoysfortenyearsbeforewegavethemtothechild.（对划线部分提问）16.Shehadwrittenthebookbytheendof1960.（对划线部分提问）17.Heshowedusthepicture.Thenheshowedusaroundthehouse.（用过去完成时连接两句）Beforehe_______________________,he______________________________.最佳答案1hadpaintedmoved24 2hadmadedied3hadstudiedleft4hadrunawayarrived5hadturnedoffwent6wenthadmade7saidhadread8had后加not9had后加not10Hadyoubeenveryhungryby10?11had提前12Whathappendtohimwhenyousawhim?13Whatdidhedowhenhehadreadthenote?14Whydidnotjackgotothecinema?15Howlonghadyouhadthetoysbeforeyougavethemtothechild?16whenhadsheweittenthebook?17showedusaroundthehousehadshowedusthepicture一般过去将来时　　过去将来时表示从过去的某一时间来看将来要发生的动作或存在的状态。过去将来时常用于宾语从句和间接引语中。　　1过去将来时的构成（句型如下：）　　肯定句：主语+be（was，were）goingto+动词原形～.　　否定句：主语+be（was，were）notgoingto+动词原形～.　　疑问句：Be（Was，Were）+主语+goingto+动词原形～？　　肯定句：主语+would（should）+动词原形～.　　否定句：主语+would（should）not+动词原形～.　疑问句：Would（Should）+主语+动词原形～？　　过去将来时的构成　　和一般将来时一样，只不过把助动词be变为过去式，把will，shall变为过去式。　　例句：Ididn""tknowifhewouldcome.　　=Ididn""tknowifhewasgoingtocome.　　我不知道他是否会来。　　Shewassixty-six.Inthreeyears，shewouldbesixty-nine.　　她66岁了。三年后，她是69岁。　　Shetoldusthatshewouldnotgowithus，ifitrained.　　她告诉我们，如果下雨，她就不和我们一起去了。　　Ididn""tknowhowtodoit.Whatwouldbetheirideas？　　我不知如何去做，他们会有什么想法呢？　　2.过去将来时常可用来表示过去习惯性的动作。此时，不管什么人称，一律用would。　　Thisdoorwouldn""topen.　　这扇门老是打不开。　　Wheneverhehadtime，hewoulddosomereading.　　他一有时间，总是看书。　　Iwouldplaywithhimwhenwasachild.24 　　当我还是孩童时，总是和他一起玩。过去将来时综合练习题I.选择填空1.LiMingsaidhe_____happyifBrian_____toChinanextmonth.A.as;comeB.was;wouldcomeC.wouldbe;cameD.willbe;come2.Jennysaidshe_____herholidayinChina.A.spentB.wouldspentC.wasgoingtospentD.wouldspend3.—Whatdidyoursonsayintheletter?   —Hetoldmethathe______theDisneyWorldthenextday.A.willvisit         B.hasvisited        C.isgoingtovisit  D.wouldvisit4.IhopedTina______tomybirthdaypartyontimethenextWednesday. A.tocome B.iscomingC.willcome D.wascoming5.Fathersaidthathe______metoBeijingthenextyear. A.took  B.wouldtakeC.takes  D.willtake6.Wewerenotsurewhetherthey______morevegetables. A.aregoingtogrow B.weregoingtogrowC.willgrow         D.havegrown7.She______toworkwhenthetelephonerang.A.isgoing    B.willgo     C.wasabouttogo D. istogoII.用所给动词的适当形式填空1.MissZhangsaidshe________(visit)theGreatWallnextsummer.　2.Shetoldhimthatshe________(notstay)hereforlong.3.Iwasn’tsurewhetherLucy_______(come)thenextyear.4.Thescientistssaidtheworld’spopulation_______(slow)downinfuture.5.Shesaidthebus_______(leave)atfivethenextmorning.6.Iwasn"tsurewhetherhe_______(lend)mehisbookthenextmorning.7.Hewasfifty-six.Intwoyearshe_______(be)fifty-eight.8.Whenevershehastime,she______(help)themintheirwork.Key:I.1-7CDDDBBCII.1.wouldvisit2.wouldnotstay3.wouldcome4.wouldslow5.wasleaving6.wouldlend7.wouldbe8.wouldhelpI.选择填空1.LiMingsaidhe_____happyifBrian_____toChinanextmonth.A.as;comeB.was;wouldcomeC.wouldbe;cameD.willbe;come2.Jennysaidshe_____herholidayinChina.A.spentB.would24 spentC.wasgoingtospentD.wouldspend3.—Whatdidyoursonsayintheletter?   —Hetoldmethathe______theDisneyWorldthenextday.A.willvisit         B.hasvisited        C.isgoingtovisit  D.wouldvisit4.IhopedTina______tomybirthdaypartyontimethenextWednesday. A.tocome B.iscomingC.willcome D.wascoming5.Fathersaidthathe______metoBeijingthenextyear. A.took  B.wouldtakeC.takes  D.willtake6.Wewerenotsurewhetherthey______morevegetables. A.aregoingtogrow B.weregoingtogrowC.willgrow         D.havegrown7.She______toworkwhenthetelephonerang.A.isgoing    B.willgo     C.wasabouttogo D. istogoII.用所给动词的适当形式填空1.MissZhangsaidshe________(visit)theGreatWallnextsummer.　2.Shetoldhimthatshe________(notstay)hereforlong.3.Iwasn’tsurewhetherLucy_______(come)thenextyear.4.Thescientistssaidtheworld’spopulation_______(slow)downinfuture.5.Shesaidthebus_______(leave)atfivethenextmorning.6.Iwasn"tsurewhetherhe_______(lend)mehisbookthenextmorning.7.Hewasfifty-six.Intwoyearshe_______(be)fifty-eight.8.Whenevershehastime,she______(help)themintheirwork.Key:I.1-7CDDDBBC时态综合例题解析：１--WhatareMrandMrsBlackdoing?---They_____teainthegarden.                A.aredrinking   B.drank   C.havedrunk    D.drink2.Mymotheroftenasksme_____early.            A.getup  B.gotup   C.gettingup    D.togetup3.SoonWuDong____upwithLiLei,thentheywereneckandneck.   A.taught   B.caught   C.bought   D.brought4.Thecar____andstoppedattheredtrafficlight.    　 A.goton   B.gotoff  C.sloweddown  D.pickedup5.Tom____theCDplayerfortwoweeks.              A.haslent   B.hasborrowed   C.hasbought    D.hashad6.---Doyouknow______? ---Sorry,butifhe_____back,I____youknowassoonaspossible.   A.whenwillhebeback,comes,willlet      B.whenhewillbeback,willcome,willlet  C.whattimewillhebeback,willcome,let   D.whattimehewillbeback,comes,willlet7.We____totheparkifitisfinetomorrow.      24   A.willgo  B.havegone   C.go8.Anewshoefactorywill______inthispartofthecity.   A.bebuilding   B.bebuilt   C.build 9.---______allyourthings,Tom!Ihatethemhereandthere.  ---Ok,Mom. A.Putup    B.Puton  C.Putdown  D.Putaway10.---Howaboutgoinghikingthisweekend?       ---Sorry,Iprefer____ratherthan_____.  A.tostayathome,goout     B.togoout,stayathome  C.stayingathome,goout    D.goingout,stayathome解析：1.根据问句的时态现在进行时，答句时态要一致，故选答案:A 2.根据句中的谓语动词ask的固定搭配asksbtodosth.故答案：D 3.根据第一句的固定动词词组catchupwithsb及第二句的过去时态，故选答案:B 4.此题主要考查四个动词词组的掌握.根据后半句在红灯时停下来,故选答案:C 5.此题主要考查现在完成时的延续和非延续动词，根据fortwoweeks时间短语。故选答案:C 6.此题主要考查宾语丛句和状语丛句的习惯用法。第一句是特殊疑问句的宾语丛句，要用陈述句语序。第二句是if条件句。丛句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。故选答案：B 7.此题考查if条件句的主句时态，要用一般将来时，故选答案；A 8.此题考查语态。根据全句的意思，使用被动语态。故选答案：B 9.此题考查四个动词词组putup,张贴，举起;puton穿上，上演；putaway把---收拾好。根据后半句“我讨厌到处乱放”，故选答案:D 10.此题主要考查一个固定词组：prefertodosthratherthandosth.故选答案：C.练习与巩固：熟能生巧，取得好成绩！一、选择最佳答案填空(动词及搭配)：1.Apolicemansawtwothieves______agirl’smobilephoneonthebusandhecaughtthematonce.A.tosteal            B.stealing          C.stole             D.stolen2.TheChinesepingpongplayerswilljoininthematch.Let’s______themsuccess.A.     wish            B.towish           C.hope             D.tohope3.Heissocarelessthathealways______hisschoolthingsathome.A.     forgets        B.forgot      C.leaves      D.left4.----Who______thecomputer?Iwanttouseit.  ----Timmy.He______itforaweek.A.     borrowed,hasborrowed           B.hasborrowed,boughtC.hasborrowed,haskept         D.bought,hasborrowed5.Look!Oneofthegirls______thedoor.A.     cleans          B.iscleaning C.clean       D.arecleaning6.Ifyoudon’tfeelwell,youmayjust______.stoppedreading         B.stopreading           C.stoppedtoreadD.stoptoread7.----Wherecanwegetabaseball?  ----Let’s______.A.lendJimone                     B.lendonetoJim24 C.borrowonefromJim                  D.borrowoneofJim8.----Mymodelshipdoesn’twork.  ----Don’tworry.I’llhaveit______thisafternoon.A.repairing        B.made       C.repaired          D.mend9.You______washyourhandsbeforemeals.A.need             B.must             C.can               D.may10.Willyou______thelight?It’sdarkintheroom.A.     geton                B.getoff            C.trunon           D.turnoff11.MynameisZhangMingjian.Youmay______meZhangMingjianorMrZhang.A.ask                    B.say                C.tell                D.call12.Thereisgoingto______agameinourschoolthisafternoon.A.     has                   B.have              C.be                 D.are13.You’dbetter______smoking.It’sbadforyourhealth.A.     eatup                B.giveup           C.comeup         D.getup14.----Howdoyoulikethisbook?  ----Ithinkithasnothingto______withourstudy.A.make             B.do                 C.take              D.hold15.----WhereisMrBrown?Ihavesomequestionstoaskhim.  ----He______theoffice.A.hasbeento           B.hasbeeninC.hasgoneto      D.hasgonein16.Thebuskeptthepeople______fortwentyminutes.A.wait             B.towait            C.waiting           D.waits17.Ibelievethescientistswill______abetterwaytohealthedisease.A.getonwith           B.comeupwith         C.goonwithD.catchupwith18.----Whydoyouoften______thispinkblouse?  ----Becauseitfitsmewell.A.puton                 B.wear             C.buy               D.tryon19.JackalwaysrunsfasterthanPeter,butthistimehe______him.A.wentover      B.fellbehind C.putoff           D.droppedoff20.TheInternet______iteasytogetmuchnewinformationinashorttime.A.finds            B.makes            C.feels              D.takes参考答案：1--5BACCB 6—10BCCBC  11--15DCBBC   16—20CBBBB 二、选择最佳答案填空(动词时态)：1. We__________outbythattimethathe_________athiefforalongtime.A.hadfound,hadbeen       B.hadfound,wasC.found,hadbeen          D.found,was2. Itsohappenedthatthey________thenovelbefore.    A.hadread    B.wouldread      C.werereading    D.read3.      She________fornearlytwohours.    A.kepttalking    B.kepttotalk    C.haskepttalking  D.kepttotalking4.      Spring_______afterwinter.A.comes      B.came     C.hascome      D.hadcome5.—Ihearsomenoiseinthenextroom. —Oh,yes.Yoursister_______there.24 A.cries      B.iscrying     C.cried     D.wascrying6.      Allthestudents__________toplanttreesandthere’snobodyintheclassroom.A.go     B.willgo    C.havegone      D.woundgo7.Stop!Alittleboy_________thestreet.A.iscrossing    B.crosses       C.crossed       D.hascrossed8.Thegirl________tomilksincelastwinter.A.learns    B.learned     C.haslearned     D.wouldlearn9.What__________toyouthismorning?A.happens     B.ishappened    C.happened   D.washappened10.—Theoldmanlookshealthy.—Yes.He________somerunningafterhegetsup. A.does     B.did     C.hasdone     D.willdo11.Shedidn’tpasstheexamsbecauseshe________herlessonswell.A.wasn’tprepared     B.wasn’tbeenpreparedC.hadn’tprepared      D.waspreparing12.Thisstory_______inafarawayvillageinEuropemanyyearsago.A.ishappened      B.washappened    C.happened   D.hasbeenhappened13.—MrKingcamebacktoourvillage.—Really?Forwhat?  —Theoldman________thenoiseinthecity.A.ishating   B.hates    C.washating    D.hashated14.Hisfather________foraweek.A.died   B.willdie   C.hasbeendied D.hasbeendead15.Mymotherisill.I_______stayathomeandlookafterher.A.hasto  B.must  C.would    D.haveto16.---DoyouknowtheFrenchman? ---Yes.I______himfortwoyears.A.know  B.haveknown C.knew D.havebeenknown17.They______alltheirmoney,sotheyhavetowalkhome.A.     spend B.hadspent C.havespent   D.willspend18.Greatchanges_______inthecity,andalotoffactories_______.   A.havebeentakenplace,havebeensetup   B.havetakenplace,havebeensetup   C.havetakenplace,havesetup   D.weretakenplace,weresetup19.---WhendidKate’sgrandmadie?  ---Whilethedoctors______onher.  A.areoperating  B.wereoperating  C.operate  D.operated20.---Whoareyoulookingfor?  ---MrWhite.  ---Waithereforawhile.Theclassmeeting_______ overinhalfanhour. A.is  B.willbe  C.was  D.hasbeen21.Ifshe’snotathome,you______trytelephoningherattheoffice. A.will   B.could   C.would   D.need24 22.Allthenewwords______upinthedictionaryyet. A.havelooked  B.haven’tlooked   C.havebeenlooked   D.haven’tbeenlooked23.Idon’twanttospeaktoher,butI______. A.do   B.haveto  C.havetospeak   D.mustto24.Hurryup,oryou_____thetrain. A.miss   B.lose   C.willmiss  D.willlose25.Thenewlibrary____nextweek.  A..willbuild  B.willbebuilt   C.wouldbuild   D.wouldbebuilt26.---Where’sMabel? ---She_____pingpongbehindtheteachingbuilding.   A.isplaying   B.wasplaying  C.played   D.hadplayed27.Quiteafewtallbuildings_______thelasttwoyears.   A.havebeenputup  B.wereputup   C.hadputup  D.putup28.Man-made-satellites______intospacebymanycountries.  A.wassentup  B.issentup  C.havebeensentup  D.hasbeensentup29.I_______allthewordsontheblackboard.MayIgohomenow?B.     copy   B.willcoup   C.copied  D.havecopied30.Nobodyknew_______alivinginthatcountry.  A.todo    B.tomake   C.howtodo   D.howtomake31.Theoldmanneedsatmostfivehour’ssleepanight,buthe__________foroversevenhourstonight. A.hasfallenasleep        Bhasslept   Chasgonetobed  D.hasgonetosleep32.I’mreallygettingtoofat. Fromnowon,I________moreexerciseandeatlessfood. Ahavedone      Bdo    Camdoing     Dwilldo33.Youdon’tneed__________her.I_________herforseveraltimes. Adescribe,hadmet  Bdescribe,meet   Ctodescribe,havemet  Ddescribe,met 34.HisspeechinEnglishwasdifficult__________. Ainfollowing    Bforbeingfollowed  Ctofollow   Dtobefollowedby35.Whenhewasachild,hetriedtofindways_______people________lifemore. A.tohelp,enjoy   B.help,toenjoy   C.help,enjoying  D.tobehelped,toenjoy36.Whatdidyourclassteacher________youto_______atthe meeting?A.tell,say     B.ask,speak  C.tell,speak   D.ask,talk37.______thebusuntilit_______.A.Getoff,stops       B.getoff,willstopC.Don’tgetoff,stops  D.Don’tgetoff,willstop38ThelivingstandardofthepeopleinShanghai_______inthelasttenyears.A.hasraised      B.hasrisen   C.hasbeenraised  D.hasbeenrisen39–WhatdidMrJonesdobeforehemovedhere? -He_______acitybusforovertwenty-fiveyears.A.hasdriven  B.drove  C.drives   D.isdriving40.Hurryup!Theplay_______fortenminutes. A.hadbegun  B.began   C.hasbeenon  D.hasbegun1-5CAAAB    6-10CACCC   11-15CCBCD    16-20 BCBBB21-25ADBCB  26-30AACDD  31-35  BDCCA   36-40ACBBC24