英语语法-现在进行时 3页

PresentContinuous现在进行时ObjectivesObjective1:Tobeabletoknowwhatispresentcontinuous.Objective2:Tobeabletouseittoexpresswhatishappeningatpresentsimply.Objective3:Tobeabletotellhowthesentenceformulates.Warm-upWhatareyoudoing?-I’mhavinganEnglishclass.Whereisyourfather/motherandwhatishe/shedoing?-He/Sheisintheoffice.He/Sheisworking.MainActivities1)定义概念：现在进行时表示说话时正在进行或发生的动作，也可以表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。(可以表示有计划的未来，也就是用现在进行时表示将来。)现在进行时表示动作发生的时间是“现在”，动作目前的状态时“正在进行中”。所谓“正在进行中”，是指在谈到这件事的时候，这个动作还在进行中。至于它是什么时候开始的，什么时候会停下来，不是我们关心的。所以“正在进行时”的事件，可能发生几年，也可能只有几分钟。仍在进行中这是“正在进行时”的关键所在。它是一件持续进行的事情。2）时间状语可以表示现在进行时的时间状语，常用的有：now,thisweek,atthemoment,etc.或者一个准确的现在的时间，或者用look,listen提醒听者注意正在发生的事。e.g.Theyareplayingbasketballnow.现在他们正在打篮球。Listen!SheissinginganEnglishsong.听，她正在唱英文歌。Lookatthepicture.Thechildrenareflyingkitesinthepark.看这幅图，那些孩子正在公园放风筝。Wearemakingmodelplanesthesedays.这些天我们在做飞机模型。It’s6:30now.Iamgettingup.现在是6:30,我正在起床。3)结构助动词be(am/is/are)+现在分词4)构成现在进行时的构成是：主语+be+v.ing(现在分词)形式。第一人称单数IAmdoingsth.第一人称复数WeAredoingsth第二人称单（复）数YouAredoingsth第三人称单数He,she,itIsdoingsth第三人称复数TheyAredoingsth肯定句：主语+be(is/am/are)+现在分词Iamsinging.Theyaresinging.否定句：主语+be(is/am/are)+not+现在分词Iamnotsinging.Theyaren’twriting.一般疑问句：be(is/am/are)+主语+现在分词 AmIsinging?Yes,youare./No,youaren’t.Aretheywriting?Yes,theyare./No,theyaren’t.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+相应be动词+主语+现在分词+Sth.Whatareyoudoing?Weareplaying.Sheistalking.Sheisnottalking.Isshetalking?Iamswimming.Iamnotswimming.AmIswimming?Youareswimming.Youaren’tswimming.Areyouswimming?He(,she,it)isswimming.He(,she,it)isswimming.Ishe(,she,it)swimming?Weareswimming.Wearen’tswimming.Areweswimming?Youareswimming.Youaren’tswimming.Areyouswimming?Theyareswimming.Theyaren’tswimming.Aretheyswimming?说明：不是所有的动词都能用现在进行时时态，如：Senses/Perception:feel.Hear,see,smell,taste,etc.(listen,look除外)Opinion:assume,believe,consider,doubt,feel(=think),find(=consider),suppose,think.Mentalstates:forget,imagine,know,mean,notice,recognize,remember,understand.Emotions/desires:envy,fear,dislike,hate,hope,like,love,mind,prefer,regret,want,wish.Measurement:contain,cost,hold,measure,weigh.Others:look(resemble),seem,be(inmostcases),have(whenitmeanstopossess)Note:1.“Perception”verbs(see,hear,feel,taste,smell)areoftenusedwith“can”:e.g.Icansee…2.Theseverbs(feel,see,think,have)maybeusedinthecontinuousformbutwithadifferentmeaning,compare:a.Thiscoatfeelsniceandwarm.=yourperceptionofthecoat’squalities.b.John’sfeelingmuchbetternow.(=hishealthIsimproving)a.Shehasthreedogsandacat.(=possession)b.Sheishavingsupper.(Sheiseating)a.IcanseeAnthonyinthegarden.(=perception)b.I’mseeingAnthonylater.(=Weareplanningtomeet)5)变化规则1.大多数动词可在动词后直接加-ing.CarryCatchDrinkEnjoyHurryDoReadThinkcarryingcatchingdrinkingenjoyinghurryingdoingreadingthinking2.以-e结尾的动词，去掉不发音的-e,再加-ing. ComeHaveMakeRideWriteTakeUseLeavecominghavingmakingridingwritingTakingusingleaving如果单词结尾的e发音，则不能去掉，直接加-ing.See-seeing,agree-agreeing3.重读闭音节，如果动词只有一个元音字母，而后跟有一个辅音字母时，将此辅音字母双写，再加-ingHitLetPutRunSitBeginStopCuthittinglettingputtingrunningsittingbeginningstoppingcutting重读闭音节：1）必须是重读音节；2）最后只有一个辅音字母；3）元音字母发短元音4.如果动词有两个音节，且重音在第二个音节上，则末尾的辅音字母须双写，再加-ing.ForgetPreferUpsetforgettingpreferringupsetting5.特殊变化LieDieTiePicniclyingdyingtyingpicnicking6）用法Youaretalking.WearestudyingEnglish.Areyoustillworkingnow?1.表示现在（指说话人说话时）正在发生的事情，往往与now,atthemoment等副词连用，以表强调。Wearewaitingforyou.Whatareyoudoing?Someoneisknockingatthedoor.2.正在进行着的动作可视为未完成的动作。Heistalkingtohisfriendsintheclassroom.3.表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。Mr.Blackiswritinganotherarticle.Don’ttakethatbookaway.Yourfatherisusingit.SheislearningpianounderMr.Black.She’steachingatanightschool.她在夜校教书。4.现在进行时也可以用来表示当前的动向。Peoplearebecomingmoreandmorebeautifulthesedays.5.表示渐变的动词有：become,turn,get,grow,run,go,begin等Theleavesareturningyellow.It’sgettingcolderandcolder.7）例句It’ssnowinghard.天正下着大雪。Sheislookingatabird.她在看鸟。Heissmellingtheflowers.他在闻花。Theyaresittingonthegrass.他们坐在草地上。Heisstandingonachair.他站在椅子上。Sheislyingonthebeach.她躺在海滩上。Iamgoingtobuyanewcar.我准备买一辆新车。