高考英语语法专题复习讲义必备句型全归纳 4页

2012届高考英语语法专题复习经典讲义必备句型全归纳  1.assoonas…一…就…=directly/immediately/instantly…　　=thesecond/theminute/themoment/theinstant…　　Eg.Hecamearoundtoseemeassoonas/themoment/immediatelyhecheckedinthehotel.他刚一入住宾馆就来看我.　　Theyinformedusthenewsimmediately/directlytheygotit.他们一得到消息就通知了我们.　　Thepolicemancametothespotthemoment/theinstant/theminutesheheardoftheaccident.一听说事故,这位警察就到了现场.　　2.….before….　　(1).没来得及…就…　　Therooffellbeforehehadtimetodashintotheroomtosavehisbaby.　　他还没有来得及冲进房间把孩子就出来,房顶就塌了.　　HeranoffbeforeIcouldstophim.　　Tomygreatdisappointment,myfavoritesingerlefttheconcertbeforeIcouldhaveawordwithhim.　　(2).过了多久才怎么样,动作进行到什么程度才怎样　　Theywalkedaboutthirtymilestothewestbeforetheysawavillage.　　Theyworkeddayandnightaboutthreedaysbeforeeverythingreturnedtonormal.　　ThreeyearspassedbeforeIknewit.　　3.Itwas+时间段+before….过了多久才….;　　Itwasnotlongbefore…不久就…　　Itwill(not)be+时间段+before…要过多久(不久)…..才…..　　Eg.Itwasnotlongbeforehesensedthedangeroftheposition.　　Itwasthreeyearsbeforehecameback.　　Itwillbehalfayearbeforeyougraduatefromthisschool.　　4.nosooner…than…=hardly…when…一…就….,刚刚…就…　　Nosooner/hardly+过去完成时,than/when+一般过去时　　如果nosooner,hardly位于句首,主句要倒装.　　HehadhardlysatdowntohavearestwhenthedoorbellrangandincameAllan.　　Nosoonerhadhegotoffthetrainthanhisdaughterrantowardshim.　　Hardlyhadwearrivedwhenshestartedcryingtogohome.　　5.once一旦….,表示时间和条件　　Onceyouunderstandthisrule,youwillhavenofurtherdifficulty.　　Onceyouhavedecidedtodosomething,youshoulddoitwell.　　Onceyouenterthechemistrylab,youshouldfollowtheteacher’sinstructions.　　6.since…自从….以来　　Since引导的从句不论是延续性或非延续性动词,都表示的是动作或状态的完成或结束.　　注意一下句子翻译:　　SincehelivedinNanjing,Ihavenotheardfromhim.(=sinceheleftNanjing…)　　自从他离开南京以来,我没有收到过他的信. 　　SinceshewasinYangzhou,shehaskeptintouchwithherformerfriends.(sincesheleftYangzhou…)　　她离开扬州以来,一直同过去的朋友保持着联系.　　对比:　　1).Ihaveneverseenhimsincehewasill.　　他病好后,我就再也没有见到他.　　2).Ihaveneverseenhimsincehefellill.　　他生病以后我就再也没有见过他.　　Itis/(hasbeen)+时间段+since+过去式　　Itis/hasbeentwoyearssincehisfatherdied.　　=hisfatherhasbeendeadfortwoyears.=hisfatherdiedtwoyearsago.　　他的父亲去世两年了.　　Ithasbeen8yearssinceIgraduatedfromuniversity.　　=Igraduatedfromuniversity8yearsago.　　Itis3yearssincehesmoked.他三年不吸烟了.(即,从句动词延续性的,译成否定意义;从句动词非延续性的,译成肯定意义.)　　Itis3yearssinceheleftschool.-----他毕业三年了.　　7….until…直到…时候;not…until…直到…才…　　Youaretostayhereuntil/tillyourmothercomesback.　　Themeetingwasputoffuntilteno’clock.　　NotuntilwewatchedtheEarthDayprogramonTVdidweknowmuchaboutglobalwarning.　　=WedidnotknowmuchaboutglobalwarninguntilwewatchedtheEarthDayprogram.　　=ItwasnotuntilwewatchedtheEarthDayprogramonTVthatweknewmuchaboutglobalwarming.　　Notuntilhefailedintheexamdidherealizethathehadwastedmuchtimeplayingcomputergames.　　8.…when…引导并列分句,“当时,突然”,强调另一动作的突然发生.　　OnedayChuckwasonaflightacrossthePacificOceanwhensuddenlyhisplanecrashed.Chucksurvivedthecrashandlandedonadesertedisland.　　IwaswalkingalongtheriverwhenIheardadrowningboycryingforhelp.　　Iwasabouttoleavewhenitbegantorain.　　对比:A:IwaswalkingalongthestreetwhenIcaughtsightofatailor’sshop.　　B:Iwaswalkingalongthestreets.JustatthatmomentIcaughtsightofatailor’sshop.　　9.while=although尽管　　WhileIadmitthattheproblemisdifficult,Idon’tthinkthatitcan’tbesolved.　　WhileIadmithisgoodpoints,Icanseehisshortcomings.　　WhileIwasangrywithher,Ididn’tlosemytemper.　　10.where地点状语　　Youshouldputthebookwhereitwas.　　Persistentpeoplebegintheirsuccesswhereothersendinfailure.　　Wherethereisawill,thereisaway. 　　Wheremenaregreedy,thereisneverpeace.　　Gowhereyoushould,keeponstudying.     11.as引导的行为方式状语从句.　　Pleasedoexactlyasyourdoctorsays.　　YoumustdotheexercisesjustasIshowyou　　Asitis=asthingsare照现在的情形看　　Hepromisedtostudyhard,butasitis,hedoesnobetterthanbefore.　　Leavethehouseasitis.I’dliketobuyitasitis.　　12.asif(asthough)好像　　HelookedatmeasifIweremad.　　Hewasingreattrouble,butheactedif/thoughnothinghadhappened.　　Althoughtheyjustmetforthefirsttime,theytalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsformanyyears.　　Theremanyblackcloudsinthesky.Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.　　13.though,although,as“虽然”,引导让步状语从句.　　Although位于句首;though位于句首或句中;as位于句中=though=that,它的词序是把句中强调的形容词,副词,动词或名词放在连词前.注意观察下列句式变化:　　Although/ThoughI’myoung,IalreadyknowwhatcareerIwanttofollow.　　=Youngas/though/thatIam,IalreadyknowwhatcareerIwanttofollow.　　AlthoughIrespecthimverymuch,Icannotagreewithhisidea.　　=Muchas/that/thoughIrespecthim,Icannotagreewithhisidea.　　Although/thoughheisachild,heknowsalotofChinesecharacters.　　=Childas/though/thatheis,heknowsalotofChinesecharacters.　　Althoughhetried,hecouldn’tsolvetheproblem.　　=Tryashemight,hecouldn’tsolvetheproblem.　　Althoughitisraining,Iamgoingoutforawalk.　　=Rainingasitis,Iamgoingoutforawalk.　　14.evenif=eventhough即使…也…;即便…也…　　Evenif/thoughIhavetosellmyhouse,I’llkeepmybusinessgoing.　　Shewon’tattendsuchpartieseventhough/ifsheisinvited.　　Youarenotstupid.Eventhough/ifyouwereslowinstudy,youshouldn’tgiveupstudies.　　Theboywasbadlyinjuredanddiedatlast.Evenifhehadbeenattendedwithoutdelay,　　hecouldn’thavebeensaved.　　15.whether…or…不管…还是…　　Whethertheweatherisgoodorbad,theywillsetoffastheyplanned.　　Whetherhedrivesortakesthetrain,hewillbehereontime.　　Anyperson,whetheryoungorold,hashisworth,independentofachievements,bankaccountsorlooks.　　16.疑问词+ever　　Whatever,whoever,whichever,whenever,wherever,whoever均引导让步状语从句,相当于nomatter与what,who,which,when,where,how连用.　　Whatever(=Nomatterwhat)mayhappen,weshallnotlosehope. 　　Whoever/Nomatterwhocomes,hewillbewelcome.　　Whenever/Nomatterwhenithappened,itwascertainlynotyesterday.　　Wherever/Nomatterwherehewent,hemadefriendswithpeople.　　17.unless除非,如果不(=if…not)　　Ishallgotomorrowunlessitrains.　　------ShallTomgoandplayfootball?　　------Notunlesshehasfinishedhishomework.　　Unlessthesunweretoriseinthewest,Iwouldn’tbreakmyword.　　Iwon’tattendhisbirthdaypartyunlessinvited(=unlessIaminvited)