高考英语语法专题复习讲义冠词高考四大考点 3页

2012届高考英语语法专题复习冠词高考四大考点1.冠词的特指与泛指冠词是历年来高考考查的重点，也是学生答题的难点。其解题的关键是对试题中所设定的语境的特指与泛指做出准确判断。如果试题涉及的是同类事物中不确定的一个，则用不定冠词；如果是特定的具体的一个，则用定冠词。例句：Forhimastageisjustameansofmakingaliving.(山东)Ashereachedthefrontdoor,Jacksawastrangesight.(全国II)3)Takeyourtime-it’sjustashortdistancefromheretotherestaurant.(山东)4)IateasandwichwhileIwaswaitingforthe20:08train.（陕西）练习：1）______applefellfromthetreeandhithimon______head.（浙江）A.An;theB.The;theC.An;不填D.The;不填2）______recentreportstatedthatthenumberofSpanishspeakersintheU.S.wouldbehigherthanthenumberofEnglishspeakersby____year2090.A.A;theB.A;/C.The;/D.The;a3)Myneighboraskedmetogofor______walk,butIdon’tthinkI’vegot______energy.A.a;不填B.the;theC.不填；theD.a;the（辽宁）4)Wehaveeveryreasontobelievethat______2008BeijingOlympicGameswillbe______success.A./…aB.the…/C.the…aD.a…a（江苏）5)Ilike_____colorofyourskirt.Itis_____goodmatchforyourblouse.A.a;theB.a;aC.the;aD.the;the（浙江）6)Ofallreasonsformydecisiontobecomeauniversityprofessor,myfather’sadvicewasmostimportantone.（辽宁）A.the;aB.不填；aC.不填;theD.the;theKey:1A2.A3.D4.C5.C6.A2.冠词的类指类指是指具有共同性质或典型特征的事物的一个类别。专指，是指类别中的某个或某些具体的人或事物。其用法具体分析如下：1)a/an+单数名词，指类别中任何一个所具有的特点。例如：Adogisacommonanimal.Acarrunsfastthanabus.2)the+单数名词，指的是整个类别所具有的特点，以区别于其它类别。例如：ThecompasswasinventedinChina,butthecomputerwasnot.Thetigerisindangerofbecomingextinct.3)复数名词前面没有任何冠词，表示整个类别的共同特点。例如：Isawtigersinthezoo.Horsesareusefulanimals.4)物质名词、抽象名词前面没有任何冠词表示整个类别所具有的特点。例如：Airisinvisiblebutwateris.Failureisthemotherofsuccess.5)the+形容词表示一类人或事物。例如：Wemustshowrespecttotheold.Theyoungarethefutureofourcountry. 练习：1）Iknowyoudon’tlike____musicverymuch.Butwhatdoyouthinkof____musicinthefilmwesawyesterday?（全国2）A./;/B.the;theC.the;/D./;the2）Thebiggestwhaleis___bluewhale,whichgrowstobeabout29meterslong—theheightof_____9-storybuilding.(北京)A.the;theB.a;aC.a;theD.the;a3）Manypeoplehavecometorealizethattheyshouldgoonbalanceddietandmakeroomintheirdayforexercise.A.a;/B.the;aC.the;theD./;a（江西）4）WashingmachinesmadebyChinahavewon____worldwideattentionandHaierhasbecome_____popularname.(重庆)A.a;theB./;aC./;theD.the;a5）InmanyplacesinChina,___bicycleisstill___popularmeansoftransportation.A.a;theB./;aC.the;aD.the;the（重庆）6）Itisgenerallyacceptedthatboymustlearntostandupandfightlikeman.A.a;aB.a;theC.the;theD.a;不填（2011全国1）Key:1.D2.D.3.A4.B5.C6.A3.冠词的习惯用法冠词的习惯用法也是试题经常考查的内容，它往往没有规律可循。解决这类问题，需要考生的平常积累。例句：1）ThebooktellsalifestoryofJohnSmith,wholeftschoolandworkedforanewspaperattheageof16.2)StudentsshouldbeencouragedtousetheInternetasaresource.（山东）3)Wewentrightroundtothewestcoastbyseainsteadofdrivingacrossthecontinent.4)Firstimpressionsarethemostlasting.Afterall,younevergetasecondchancetomakethefirstimpression.练习：1.Totell_truth,hiscomingisreally____bigsurprisetomostpeoplepresentattheparty.A.不填；aB.the;不填C.the;aD.不填;不填2.Thestudentswerestudyingin____classroomwhen,allof___sudden,thelightswentout.A.不填;不填B.a;theC.the;aD.the;不填3.Mymotheraskedmetorepeat__telephonenumber__secondtimesothatshecouldwriteitdown.A.the;aB.a;theC.an;aD.the;the4.Iwonderwhatitfeelstobeoneof___reallyrich.TheBrownsalreadyhavetwoRollsRoyceandnowtheyarebuying_____third.A.the;aB.the;theC.不填;aD.the;a5..Everythingcomeswithprice;thereisnosuchthingasafreelunchintheworld.A.a,aB.the,不填C.the,aD.a,不填（重庆） 6.Thereareover58,000rockyobjectsin_______space,about900ofwhichcouldfalldownonto_______earth.(全国卷1)A．the;theB.不填;theC．the;不填D．a;theKey:1.C2.C3.A4.A5.D6.B4.冠词灵活运用的考查随着高考的不断改革和发展，对冠词的考查多次出现在具体语境中灵活运用的题目。一些冠词的常规用法随着语境的变化发生了相应的变化。例句：1）Georgecouldn"trememberwhenhefirstmetMr.Anderson,buthewassureitwasaSundaybecauseeverybodywasatchurch.（重庆）2)–CouldyoutellmethewaytotheJohnsons,please?--Sorry,wedon’thaveaJohnsonhereinthevillage.（全国2）练习：1）-Hello,couldIspeaktoMr.Smith?-Sorry,wrongnumber.Thereisn"t______Mr.Smithhere.（全国1）A.不填B.aC.theD.one2）Dr.PeterSpence,headmasteroftheschool,toldus,“fifthofpupilsheregoontostudyatOxfordandCambridge”.（2011四川）A.不填；AB.不填；TheC.the;TheDa;A3)------It’ssaidJohnwillbeinajobpayingover860,00_____year--Right,hewillalsogetpaidby__________week.A.the,theB.a;theC.the;aD.a;a4).Expertsthinkthat____recentlydiscoveredpaintingmaybe_____Picasso.A.the.不填B.a;theC.a;不填D.the;a（2011浙江）5）Thevisitorsherearegreatlyimpressedbythefactthat_______peoplefromallwalksoflifeareworkinghardfor_____newJiangsu.（江苏卷）A.不填;aB.不填;theC.the;aD.the;the6）WhatIneedis_____bookthatcontains_____ABCofoilpainting.(全国II)A.a；不填B.the;不填C.the;anD.a;the参考答案1.B2.A3.B4.D5.A6.D