小学英语语法基础习题四 28页

小学英语语法基础习题四 20一般疑问句与特殊疑问句含有Be动词的一般疑问句的构成，是把Be动词提到主语之前。含有其它动词的一般疑问句的构成，是把“do”“does”提到主语之前。回答一般疑问句时，由“yes”或“no”做完整或简短回答。Areyouhappy?完整回答：Yes,I’mhappy.          No,I’mnothappy.简短回答：Yes,Iam.               No,I’mnot.DoyouspeakSpanish?完整回答：Yes,IspeakSpanish.      No,Idon’tspeakSpanish.简短回答：Yes,Ido.               No,Idon’t.特殊疑问句以疑问词who,what,where,when,why或how作为开头，通常需要完整回答。1       用“who”就“谁”提问。Who’satthedoor?It’syourgrandfather.谁在门口？是你的爷爷。Who’sinthelivingroom? Yourgrandmotheristhere.谁在客厅里？你的奶奶在那儿。2       用“what”就“职业”提问。Whatdoyoudo?你是做什么的？I’manelectrician.我是一名电工。Whatishe?他是做什么的？He’saplumber.他是水暖工。3       用“what”提出具体的问题。Whatdoyoueatforbreakfast?你早餐吃什么？Ieattoastwithbutter.我吃黄油土司。What’syourname?你叫什么名字？MynameisRitaGomez.我叫里塔·格米兹。4用“where”就“地点”提问。Where’sthepostoffice?邮局在哪儿？It’sonMainStreet.它在中央大街上。Wheredoeshelive?他住在哪儿？HelivesinLosAngeles.他住在洛杉矶。5 用“when”就“时间”提问。 Whendoestheplaybegin?剧什么时候开演？Itbeginsateighto’clock.八点钟开演。Whenisyourclass?你几点上课？It’satnineo’clock.九点上课。6       用“how”就“方式”“状态”提问。Howareyou?你好。I’mfine,thankyou.我很好，谢谢。Howdoeshefeeltoday?他今天感觉怎么样？Hefeelsfine.他感觉很好。PracticeA用肯定或否定的简短形式回答问题。1.Ishehungry?  Yes,heis.  No,heisn’t.  OR  No,heisnot.2.Arethesuitcaseinthelivingroom?3.Isthewindowclosed?4.Dotheylikepears?5.Doesshehaveadictionary? 6.AreLeeandJanattheplay?7.Doyouhaveanymoney?8.AmIlate?9.Doesthismoneybelongtoyou?10.Areyoualwayshomeintheevening?VOCABULARYacross butter feel grandfather happy late nameplumber sad toast who begin electrician fine grandmother how livingroom play postoffice street when  B用疑问词就相关问题提问。1．Theclassesbeginintheevening.   Whendotheclassesbegin?2.Mr.andMrs.Chenliveacrossthestreet.3.Yourgrandfatherisinthekitchen.4.I’mfine,thankyou.5.Elenaisalawyer. 6.Hefeelssadtoday.7.ShaoLiisatthedoor.8.Ieatfishandvegetablesfordinner.    21现在进行时---肯定句现在进行时通常描述一个现在正在发生的事件或正在进行的动作。现在进行时是由Be动词加动词的-ing形式构成。以重读闭音节结尾的动词在加-ing时，双写末尾的辅音字母，然后加-ing，如：put-putting,sit-sitting,get-getting等。以不发音的e结尾的动词去掉e加-ing，如：close-closing,write-writing等。现在进行时 完整形式缩写形式 单数复数单数复数第一人称IamgoingwearegoingI’mgoingwe’regoing  youareyouareyou’reyou’re 第二人称goinggoinggoinggoing 第三人称heisgoingsheisgoingitisgoing theyaregoinghe’sgoingshe’sgoingit’sgoing they’regoing 1.    I’mstanding.我站着。2.    NowI’msitting.现在我正坐着。3.    I’mclosingthedoornow.我现在正在关门。4.    Mariaisdoingherhomework.玛丽亚正在做作业。5.    PhilandBeverlyarestudyingmathtogether.菲尔和贝弗莉正在一起学数学。6.    It’ssnowingtoday.天在下雪。7.    We’rereadingmagazines.我们在看杂志。8.    They’replayingtennis.他们在打网球。9.    Steveisputtingthedishesinthedishwasher.史蒂夫正把碗碟放在洗碗机里。 10. Saraistalkingonthetelephone.萨拉正在打电话。11. Theteacherisexplainingthemathlesson.老师正在上数学课。12. Herstudentsarelearningalot.她的学生正在学习。13. Mygrandfatherandgrandmotherarelaughing.我的爷爷奶奶在笑。14. Thebabyiscrying. 婴儿在哭。  PracticeA替换下列句子中的主语，尽量用缩写形式。 EXAMPLE:I’mstudyingEnglishnow.   (you)          You’restudyingEnglishnow.1.youandI          5.they           9.we2.he                6.she           10.youtwo3.Akiyoshi          7.sheandI       11.thosepeople4.AkiyoshiandRamon 8.youandCarla   12.theboysB用现在进行时填空，尽量用缩写形式。 1．You’reworkinginastorenow. (You/work)2.              toSidney. (Alicia/talk)3.             thedoor.(He/open)4.             alettertomygrandmother.(I/write)5.             abook.(You/read)6.             today.(It/rain)7.              towork.(They/work)8.             tothemovies.(We/go)9.              thelessontohim.(Hisgrandfather/explain)10.             (JackieandDaniela/laugh)11.             thedishesinthedishwasher.(She/put)12.            mymathhomework.(I/do) C用完整的句子回答下列选择疑问句。1．IsJaywalkingtowardthedoorortowardthewindow?  He’swalkingtowardthedoor.2. IsElenaopeningaboxoradrawer？3．Isshegoingtoschoolortothestore? 4.AreDianaandBarbarasingingortalking?5.AmIgettingabookoramagazine?6.Arewewalkingorrunning?7.Aretheytravelingbybusorbyplane?8.AreWillieandAnaplayingbaseballortennis?9.Aretheylaughingorcrying?10.Isheopeningorclosingthedoor?11.Isthecatsleepingorrunning?12.Isthedogeatingorsleeping?13.Areyoureadingamagazineorwritingapostcard?14.Isshebuyingorsellingthecar?VOCABULARYalot dishwasher magazine sing talk(v.) math explainnow sit tennis baseball get open(v.) sleep(v.) together buy laugh(v.) snow(v.) toward close(v.) learn postcard stand(v.) cry(v.) lesson rain(v.)  study(v.) 22现在进行时---否定句   现在进行时的否定形式由Be动词的现在时+not+动词-ing形式构成。现在进行时的否定句有两种缩写形式。   否定句 完整形式 单数复数第一人称Iamnotwalking.Wearenotwalking.第二人称Youarenotwalking.Youarenotwalking. 第三人称Heisnotwalking.Sheisnotwalking.Itisnotwalking. Theyarenotwalking.  缩写形式 单数复数第一人称I’mnotwalking.We’renotwalking.Wearen’twalking. 第二人称You’renotwalking.Youaren’twalking.You’renotwalking.Youaren’twalking.第三人称He’snotwalking.Heisn’twalking.They’renotwalking.Theyaren’twalking. 1.   I’mnotstudyinggeographynow. I’mstudyinghistory. 我现在没学地理。 我在学历史。2.   You’renotsittingatthedesk.You’resittingatthetable.你没坐在课桌旁。你坐在餐桌旁。 3．Lindaisn’tgoingdownthestairs.She’sgoingupthestairs.琳达没有下楼。她正在上楼。 4．It’snotsnowingtoday.     It’sraining.今天没下雪。正在下雨。 5．We’renotspeakingEnglishnow.    We’respeakingItalian.    我们讲的不是英语。    我们在讲意大利语。 6．YouandRayaren’twritingonthechalk-board.    You’rewritinginyournotebooks.    你和雷没有在黑板上写字。    你们正在你们的笔记本上写字。 7．GeneandLolaaren’tplayingbaseball.    They’replayingtabletennis.    吉恩和劳拉没有打棒球。    他们在打乒乓球。 8．I’mnotwashingthefloor.    I’mwashingthewindow.    我没在擦地板。我在擦窗户。  9.We’renotworkingnow.We’retraveling.我们没在工作。我们在旅行。 10．They’renotgoingtoschool.     They’regoingtothelibrary.    他们不是去学校。他们去图书馆。PracticeA用所给的单词替换下列句子中的主语，尽量用缩写形式。 EAMPLE:I’mnotwashingthewindowsnow.(she)          She’snotwashingthewindowsnow.OR          Sheisn’twashingthewindowsnow.1.   she           5.yourmotherandfather    9.Ms.stone2.   he            6.Mr.RoeandI            10.we3.   yoursecretary   7.Mrs.Takashi            11.Jan4.   I              8.they            12.hergrandmotherB把下列陈述句改成否定句。1.   He’seatingbreakfastnow.He’snoteatingbreakfastnow. OR  Heisn’teatingbreakfastnow.2.   She’stalkingtotheplumber.3.   They’resendingmoneytotheirgrandfather.4.   You’resittinginmychair.5.   I’meatingasandwichforlunch.6.   we’reputtingourlettersinthemailbox.7.   YouandPaularestudyingItalian.8.   He’seatinghislunchnow.9.   She’stalkingwiththeteacher.10.They’resittingatthetable.11.I’mdoingmyhomework.12.we’replayingtabletennis.C回答下列选择疑问句。首先给出肯定回答，然后做否定回答。1．Aretheysittingdownorstandingup?  They’restandingup.  They’renotsittingdown.2.Issherunningorwalking?3.Ishesittingnearawindowornearadoor? 4.AreyoustudyingFrenchorSpanish?5.IsPetestudyingorsleeping?6.Isitrainingorsnowing? VOCABULARYdown history near stair wash(v.) French Italian notebook tabletennis geography library Spanish up23现在进行时---疑问句  现在进行时的一般疑问句构成是把Be动词的现在时形式放在主语前面。疑问句 单数复数第一人称AmIwalking?Arewewalking?第二人称Areyouwalking?Areyouwalking? Ishewalking?Isshe Arethey 第三人称walking?Isitwalking?walking?1.   Isthatwomansellingfruit?Yes,sheissellingfruit.那个妇女在卖水果吗？是的，她在卖水果。2．IsMr.Bensonpointingtothestrawberries?  Yes,he’spointingtothestrawberries. 本森先生正指着草莓吗？是的，他正指着草莓。3．Ishebuyingsomestrawberries? Yes,he’sbuyingsomestrawberries. 他在买草莓吗？是的，他在买一些草莓。4.Isthewomansellingcherries,too?Yes,she’ssellingcherries,too.那个妇女也在卖樱桃吗？是的，她也在卖樱桃。5.Whatarethebrothersaskingfor? They’reaskingforsomecherries. 兄弟俩要买什么？他们要买一些樱桃。 6．Whataretheyforgetting? They’reforgettingthecherries. 他们忘拿什么了？他们忘拿樱桃了。7．What’stheirsisterdoing? She’sgettingthecherries.他们的姐姐在做什么？她正在拿樱桃。8．Whataretheydoingnow? They’reeatingthecherries.他们在做什么？他们在吃樱桃。PracticeA用所给的单词替换下列句子中的主语。 EAMPLE:Isshepayingforthestrawberries?(you)         Areyoupayingforthestrawberries?1.I             4.thewoman     7.youandyourfather2.they          5.he             8.Nina3.we           6.theboys        9.KathyandIB把下列陈述句变为疑问句。1.Jilliswalkingtoworknow. IsJillwalkingtoworknow?2.   We’reeatingdinner.3.   It’ssnowing.4.   Thechildrenareplayinginthepark.5.   Youandyoursisterareopeninganewstore.6.   They’restudyingItalian.7.   Mariaispayingforthefruit.8.   She’sgivingthecookiestoherbrother.9.   Marciaiscrying.10.         Thechildrenaresleeping.C用完整的句子回答问题。1.What’sthemanselling?He’ssellingfruit.2.Who’spointingtotheoranges?3.   What’sthewomanbuying?4.   Whatelseisthemanselling?5.   Whatarethebrothersaskingfor?6.   Whataretheyeating? VOCABULARYaskfor else pay(v.) strawberry brother forget point(v.) too cherry fruit sister24人称代词  人称代词的宾格形式用来构成介词的宾语和动词的直接宾语或间接宾语。人称代词 单数复数 主格宾格主格宾格第一人称Imeweus第二人称youyouyouyou第三人称HeSheithimher they them it一些动词可以同时接直接宾语和间接宾语。当直接宾语是名词时，间接宾语可以放在名词前面，也可以放在名词后面。  Hesendsyoualettereveryweek.他每周给你寄一封信。(不含介词) Hesendsalettertoyoueveryweek.他每周给你寄一封信。（含介词）如果直接宾语是代词，要把介词和间接宾语放在宾语的后面。 Hesendsittoyoueveryweek.他每周都给你寄信。1．IalwayswalktoschoolwithMother. 我常和妈妈走着去上学。  Ialwayswalktoschoolwithher. 我常和她走着去上学。 Shealwayswalkstoschoolwithme. 她常和我走着去上学。2．PhilandIseeAndreaeverymorning.  我和菲尔每天早上都能看到安德里亚。  Weseehereverymorning.   我们每天早上都能看到她。  Sheseesuseverymorning.  她每天早上都能看到我们。3．IteachEnglishtothestudents.  我教学生英语。  IteachthemEnglish.  我教他们英语。  IteachEnglishtothem.  我教他们英语。  Iteachittothem.  我教他们英语。4．VannasellsdressestoBeatriceandme. 瓦娜把连衣裙卖给我和比阿特丽斯。 Shesellsusdresses. 她把连衣裙卖给我们。 Shesellsdressestous. 她把连衣裙卖给我们。 Shesellsthemtous.  她把它们（连衣裙）卖给我们。5．WesendpostcardstoFather.  我们给爸爸寄明信片。  Wesendhimpostcards.  我们给他寄明信片。  Wesendpostcardstohim.  我们把明信片寄给他。  Wesendthemtohim.  我们把它们（明信片）寄给他。6．YouandAlbuytoysforthelittlegirl.  你和埃尔给这个小女孩买玩具。  Youbuyhertoys.  你们给她买玩具。  Youbuytoysforher.  你们买玩具给她。  Youbuythemforher,  你们买它们（玩具）送给她。7．TheygivethemoneytoVictorandLisa.   他们把钱给维克多和丽莎。  Theygivethemthemoney.  他们给他们钱。  Theygivethemoneytothem.  他们把钱给他们。  Theygiveittothem.  他们把它（钱）给他们。  PracticeA用正确的人称代词或宾格替换下列句子中的斜体部分。1．HesellsbookstoJohn.  Hesellsthemtohim.2.Shegivesmeattothedog.3.WeoftenseeMr.andMrs.Lopez.4.TheystudyEnglishwithMotherandme.5.IknowVanna.6.Fatherusuallybuystoysforthechildren.7.RobertohasdinnerwithAliciaandme. 8.Healwayseatswithyouandlucy. B圈出下列句子中正确的单词。1．（We,Us）workwith(them,they)atthefactory.2.(Me,I)know(she,her)andBarry.3.(They,Them)oftenbuytoysfor(he,him).4.(Him,He)and(I,me)alwayseatdinnerathome.5.(We,Us)give(him,he)themoneyeveryweek.6.(Her,She)and(me,I)buy(he,him)foodeveryweek.7.(He,him)sells(I,me)flowerseveryday.8.(Us,We)teachEnglishto(they,them). C用正确的主语和人称代词宾格形式替换下列句子中的斜体部分。1.Mrs.HermansellseggstoSueandme. Shesellsthemtous.2.JackandIwriteMotherpostcardseveryweek.3.SallyandFredsendthechildrentocamp.4.YouandAliceoftenbuyflowersfromtheflorist. VOCABULARYcamp food me teach us father give mother them week florist him  see toy with     25一般过去时---ToBe肯定句Be动词的过去式 单数复数第一人称I waswe were第二人称you wereyou were第三人称he wasshe wasit was they were1.TodayisWednesday.YesterdaywasTuesday. 今天是星期三，昨天是星期二。2．OnMondayandTuesdaytheweatherwasverybad. 星期一和星期二的天气很糟糕。3．Iwasabsentfromschoolyesterday. 我昨天没去上学。4．YouwereabsentonMonday. 你星期一没上学。5．MycousinAnnwasatschoolbothdays.  Andywasthere,too. 我的堂妹安两天都上学了。安迪也去了。6．YouandIwereabsentfromschooltwodayslastweek. 你和我上星期两天没上学。7．YouandyourcousinwereabsentlastFriday. 你和你的堂妹上星期五没上学。8．NancyandBobwereabsentlastThursday.  Theyweresick,too.  南希和鲍勃上星期四没上学，他们也病了。9．WewerealloutsidetogetherlastSaturdayandSunday.   上星期六和星期日我们一起去外面玩儿。天气非常好。PracticeA用所给的单词替换下列句子中的主语。 EXAMPLE:Hewassickyesterday.(they)           Theyweresickyesterday.1.thestudents     5.Michael          9.myfriends2.sheandI       6.she              10.I3.we            7.yourteacher       11.youandI4.you            8.Mr.Harris        12.bothofyouB把下列句子中改成一般过去式。1.TodayisTuesday. YesterdaywasMonday.2.I’msicktoday.3.Youarelatetoday.4.Mrs.Rossisathometoday.5.Joanandherbotherarethere.6.Thebookisonmydesk.7.Youandyourcousinarebothsick. 8.Jackisathissister’shouse.9.We’reintherestaurant.10.They’reinschooltoday.P125