奥风英语语法专项复习教师专用套装-冠词 13页

本资料包含《高考语法完全突破记忆大纲》（教师讲义），《高考语法完全突破学习笔记本》（供学生听课时记笔记）《精编高考语法专项练习》（供学生听课后练习），使用极其方便奥风英语《高考语法完全突破记忆大纲》冠词（讲义）第二讲：冠词一、冠词类别形式用法概述不定冠词a表示泛指用于以辅音发音开头的单词或字母前an用于以元音发音开头的单词或字母前定冠词the表示特指，其意义同this/that/these/those注意：用a还是用an取决于单词的第一个发音，而不是字母。如：anhour，auniversity1.不定冠词的用法(1)表示初次提到的人或物。如：Aboyiswaitingforyou.Athiefwascaughtbyapolicemanjustnow.(2)表示一类人或物如：Ahorseisananimal.Aknifecanbeusedforcutting.(3)用于某些不可数名词前，表示某种具体的情况或事物。如：Hehasawideknowledgeofhistory.Iwantanice-cream.(一份冰淇淋）(4)用于姓氏前表示不认识的“一个姓…..的人/叫……的人”、“某家庭的成员”或是“像……一样的人”。如：AMr.Wang(Gang)calledyou.HisdaughtermarriedaSmith.HeisaLuXun.(5)用于某些固定词组或短语中。如：allofasudden,inaword,inahurry,agreatdealof,atadiscount,manya,ataloss,inasense,atadistance,keepadiary,onceinawhile 2.定冠词的用法(1)表示上文提到过的人或事物。如：Isawaboyyesterday.Theboyisverytall.(2)特指双方都明白的人或物。如：Openthedoor,please.Givemethebook.(3)指世上独一无二的事物前或由普通名词组成的专有名词前。如：Thesunisbiggerthantheearth.ThePeople’sRepublicofChinawasfoundedin1949.TheUnitedStatesandtheUnitedKingdomaredevelopedcountries.注意：当前面有形容词修饰时，sun,moon,earth等前也可用a/an.如：apalemoon,aredsun(4)与单数可数名词连用，表示一类人或物。如：Thehorseisausefulanimal.(5)与复数可数名词连用，表示整个群体。如：Theyaretheteachersofthisschool.(该校全体教师）比较：Theyareteachersofthisschool.(部分）(6)用于形容词/副词最高级、序数词前，及形容词only、very、same前。如：Iliveonthesecondfloor.Heisthesameageasyou.(7)用于乐器前。如：Heplaysthepianoverywell.(8)用于姓氏复数前，表示一家人或夫妇。用于某些形容词前，表示一类人。如：TheSmithsarewatchingTV.Theoldaretakengoodcareof.(9)用于江、河、湖、海、群岛、山脉前。如：theYangtzeRiver,thePacificOcean,theTaihangMountains注意：独山的表达方式通常用Mount+名字如：MountTai,MountLao(10)用于by后表示计量单位。如：Thewaitersarepaidbythehour/day.Theseeggsaresoldbythedozen/kilo.(11)代替物主代词，用于表示身体部位的名词前。如：Hecaughtthemanbythearm.Tomhitthethiefintheface.(12)用于某些固定词组或短语中。如：breaktheice，intherain，onthespot，onthecontrary，ontheincrease3.不用冠词（零冠词）的情况(1)在专有名词、物质名词和抽象名词前一般不用冠词。如：Failureisthemotherofsuccess.Wecannotlivewithoutair. (2)名词前已有作定语的指示代词、物主代词、不定代词时不用冠词。如：Passmethatbook.Theletterisinherbag.Cometoseemeanydaythisweek.(3)复数名词指一类人或事物不用冠词。如：Horsesareusefulanimals.(4)季节、月份、星期和节日（~Day)名称前不用冠词。如：It’sSundaytoday.Mid-AutumnDayfallsonthe15thdayoftheeighthlunarmonth.注意：theSpringFestival,theMid-AutumnFestival(5)三餐、球类运动、棋、牌类游戏及学科名称前不用冠词。如：Whendoyouhavelunch?Heoftenplaysfootball.Doyoulikeplayingcards/chess?(6)由介词by引导的交通工具名词前不用冠词。如：Wetraveledbytrain.(7)turn表示“变成”时，其后的名词通常不加冠词。如：Hewasafarmerbeforeheturnedwriter.(8)在称呼语或表示头衔的名词前不加冠词。特别是表示头衔的名词作补语时。如：Weelectedhimchairmanofthemeeting.ProfessorChen,mayIaskyousomequestions?注意：当表示任某一职务的人时其前可以有冠词。试比较：Hewasmadepresidentoftheclub.ThepresidentofFrancevisitedChinalastweek.(9)两个相同及相对的名词并用时不加冠词。如：facetoface，dayandnight，fatherandson，fromdoortodoor(10)某些固定词组或习惯用语中不用冠词。如：atdawn/daybreak/sunset,atwork,takeplace,bymistake,gototown,indanger,onfoot,inshort,introuble,onearth,onsale,intime,ontime,forexample,inhonorof,lose(one’s)heart,underconstruction注意：(1)一人兼有双重或多重身份时，用一个冠词。如：Thesingerandpoetisgoingtovisitourschool.比较：Thesingerandthepoetaregoingtovisitourschool.(2)两件东西配成一套时，通常用一个冠词。如：aknifeandfork,aneedleandthread,acupandsaucer，awatchandchain4.冠词对意义的影响英语中有一些词组，用不用冠词或用不同的冠词，其含义截然不同。如：inhospital（生病住院）,inthehospital（在医院里做某他事）attable（在吃饭）,atthetable（在桌子旁）gotochurch（去教堂做礼拜）,gotothechurch（去教堂做某他事）onearth（究竟；到底）,ontheearth（在地球上） threeofus（我们中的三个，表部分）,thethreeofus（我们三个，表全体）infrontof(在外部前面),inthefrontof（在内部前面）inchargeof(Tom)（主管汤姆）,inthechargeof(Tom)（由汤姆负责/管理）inaway（在某种程度上），intheway（挡路）infuture（今后）,inthefuture（将来）outofquestion（没问题）,outofthequestion(不可能）amost(很；非常=very),themost（最）athirdtime(再一次）；thethirdtime(第三次）anumberof（很多）；thenumberof（……的数目）haveawordwithsb.（与某人说句话）；havewordswithsb.（与某人吵架）奥风英语《高考语法完全突破学习笔记本》第二讲：冠词一、冠词类别形式用法概述不定冠词a_____________________________________________________an_________________________________________定冠词the_________________________________________注意：用a还是用an取决于_______________________。如：_____________________1.不定冠词的用法(1)表示_______________________________________________。如：______________________________________.______________________________________.(2)表示________________________________如：_________________________________._________________________________.(3)____________________________________________________。如：_______________________________________________。._______________________________________________。(4)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。如：___________________________________.___________________________________. ________________________________.(5)用于某些固定词组或短语中。如：____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.定冠词的用法(1)表示________________________。如：_____________________________________________(2)特指__________________________________。如：___________________________________.____________________________________.(3)____________________________________________________________。如：______________________________________________________._______________________________________________________._______________________________________________________.注意：____________________________________________________如：__________________________________(4)____________________________________________________。如：____________________________________________________.(5)____________________________________________________。如：____________________________________________________.(该校全体教师）比较：____________________________________________________.(部分）(6)___________________________________________________________________。如：_____________________________________._____________________________________.(7)________________________。如：____________________________________.(8)____________________________________________________________________。如：______________________________________.______________________________________.(9)____________________________________________________。如：____________________________________________________注意：独山的表达方式通常用_________________________如：___________________________________(10)______________________________________。如：____________________________________________________.____________________________________________________.(11)____________________________________________________。如：_______________________________________._______________________________________.(12)用于某些固定词组或短语中。如：___________________________________________________________________3.不用冠词（零冠词）的情况(1)____________________________________________________。如：_______________________________________. _______________________________________.(2)_______________________________________________________________。如：_________________________________________._________________________________________._________________________________________.(3)____________________________________________________。如：____________________________________________________.(4)____________________________________________________。如：____________________________________________________.____________________________________________________.注意：____________________________________________________(5)____________________________________________________。如：____________________________________________________?____________________________________________________.____________________________________________________?(6)____________________________________________________。如：__________________________.(7)____________________________________________________。如：____________________________________________________.(8)______________________________________________________________________。如：____________________________________________________.____________________________________________________?注意：____________________________________________________。试比较：____________________________________________________.____________________________________________________.(9)____________________________________________________。如：____________________________________________________(10)某些固定词组或习惯用语中不用冠词。如：_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________注意：(1)____________________________________________________。如：____________________________________________________.比较：____________________________________________________.(2)____________________________________________________。如：_______________________________________________________________4.冠词对意义的影响英语中有一些词组，用不用冠词或用不同的冠词，其含义截然不同。如：________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二讲：冠词配套练习Ⅰ.高考真题演练1.(2012全国II)Hemissed___________goldinthehighjump,butwillget___________secondchanceinthelongjump.A.the;theB.不填;aC.the;aD.a;不填2.(2012安徽)Carlisstudying___________foodscienceatcollegeandhopestoopenup___________meatprocessingfactoryofhisownoneday.A./;aB./;theC.the;aD.the;the3.(2012重庆)Samhasbeenappointed___________manageroftheengineeringdepartmenttotake___________placeofGeorge.A./;/B.the;/Cthe;theD./;the4.(2012全国)Sarahlookedat___________finishedpaintingwith___________satisfaction.A.不填；aB.a;theC.the;不填D.the;a5.(2012山东)Beingabletoafford___________drinkwouldbe___________comfortinthosetoughtimes.A.the;theB.a;aC.a;不填D.不填;a6.(2012江西)TheSmithsdon’tusuallylikestayingat___________hotels,butlastsummertheyspentafewdaysataverynicehotelby___________sea.A./;aB.the;theC./;theD.the;a7.(2012辽宁)Iwokeupwith___________badheadache,yetby___________eveningthepainhadgone.A.the;theB.the;anC.a;theD.a;an8.(2012四川)Wearesaidtobelivingin___________InformationAge,___________timeofnewdiscoveriesandgreatchanges.A.an;theB.不填;theC.不填;aD.the;a9.(2012浙江)Thedevelopmentofindustryhasbeen___________gradualprocessthroughout___________humanexistence,fromstonetoolstomoderntechnology.A.不填;theB.the;aC.a;不填D.a;a10.（2011山东）Takeyourtime—it’sjust___________shortdistancefromhereto___________restaurant.A.不填；theB.a;theC.the;aD.不填；a11.（2011全国II）Ashereached______frontdoor,Jacksaw_____strangesight. A.the;不填B.a;theC.不填；aD.the;a12.（2011江西）—It’ssaidJohnwillbeinajobpayingover$60,000___________year.—Right,hewillalsogetpaidby___________week.A.the;theB.a;theC.the;aD.a;a13.(2011全国I)Itisgenerallyacceptedthat___________boymustlearntostandupandfightlike___________man.A.a;aB.a;theC.the;theD.a;不填14.（2011浙江）Expertsthinkthat___________recentlydiscoveredpaintingmaybe___________Picasso.A.the;不填B.a;theC.a;不填D.the;a15.（2011四川）Dr.PeterSpence,___________headmasteroftheschool,toldus,“___________fifthofpupilsheregoontostudyatOxfordandCambridge.”A.不填；AB.不填；TheC.the;TheD.a;A16.（2011陕西）Asisknowtoall,___________People’sRepublicofChinais___________biggestdevelopingcountryintheworld.A.the;不填B.不填；theC.the；theD.不填；不填17.（2011重庆）Incommunication,asmileisusually___________strongsignofafriendlyand___________openattitude.A.the,/B.a,anC.a,/D.the,an18.（2010福建）It’s__________goodfeelingforpeopletoadmiretheShanghaiWorldExpothatgivesthem__________pleasure.A.不填,aB.a,不填C.the,aD.a,the19.（2010山东）Ifwesitnear__________frontofthebus,we’llhave__________betterview.A.不填；theB.不填；aC.the;aD.the；the20.（2010江苏）Thevisitorsherearegreatlyimpressedbythefactthat__________peoplefromallwalksoflifeareworkinghardfor__________newJiangsu.A.不填；aB.不填；theC.the；aD.the；the21.（2010辽宁）Thereareover58,000rockyobjectsin__________space,about900ofwhichcouldfalldownonto__________earth.A.the;theB.不填;theC.the;不填D.a;the22.（2010北京）Firstimpressionsarethemostlasting.Afterall,youneverget__________secondchancetomake__________firstimpression.A.a;theB.the;theC.a;aD.the;a23.（2010重庆）Everythingcomeswith__________price;thereisnosuch__________thingasfreelunchintheworld.A.a,aB.the,/C.the,aD.a,/24.（2010浙江）Manylifestylepatternsdosuch__________greatharmtohealththattheyactuallyspeedup__________weakeningofthehumanbody.A.a;/B./;theC.a;theD./;/25.（2010四川）In__________mostcountries,auniversitydegreecangiveyou__________flyingstartinlife.A.the;aB.the;不填C.不填;不填D.不填;a26.(2009安徽)Wecanneverexpect__________bluerskyunlesswecreate__________lesspollutedworld.A.a;aB.a;theC.the;aD.the;the27.(2009江西)Somepeoplefearthat__________airpollutionmaybringaboutchangesin__________weatheraroundtheworld.A./;theB.the;/C.an;theD.the;a28.(2009海南)Let’sgoto__________cinema-that’lltakeyourmindofftheproblemfor__________while A.the;theB.the;aC.a;theD.a;a29.(2009陕西)What__________pitythatyoucouldn’tbetheretoreceive__________prize!A.a;aB.the;aC.a;theD.the;the30.(2009四川)Inordertofind__________betterjob,hedecidedtostudy__________secondforeignlanguage.A.the;aB.a;aC.the;theD.a;the31.(2009浙江)Idon’tunderstandwhattheengineermeans,butI’vegot__________roughideaof__________projectplan.A.the;aB.不填;theC.the;不填D.a;the32.(2009重庆)WashingmachinesmadebyChinahavewon__________worldwideattentionandHaierhasbecome__________popularname.A.a;theB./;aC./;theD.the;a33.(2009全国Ⅱ)WhatIneedis__________bookthatcontains__________ABCofoilpainting.A.a;不填B.the;不填C.the;anD.a;theⅡ.基础巩固练习1.__________terribleweatherwe’vebeenhavingthesedays!A.HowaB.WhataC.HowD.What2.There’s__________dictionaryon__________deskbyyourside.A.a;theB.a;aC.the;aD.the;the3.Anaccidenthappenedat__________crossroadsafewmetersawayfrom__________bank.A.a;aB./;aC./;theD.the;/4.Thewarmthof__________sweaterwillofcoursebedeterminedbythesortof__________woolused.A.the;theB.the;/C./;theD./;/5.Mr.Liwillgiveus__________talk.__________talkwillbeginat8:00.A.a;TheB.the;AC./;/　D.a;A6.Thesungivesus__________heatand__________light.A.the;theB.a;aC.a;theD./;/7.—Whatdoyouneedindinner?—Ineed__________.A.aknifeandaforkB.aknifeandforkC.theknifeandforkD.theknifeandthefork8.__________Mrs.Smithiswaitingforyouinyouroffice.A.TheB.AC.OneD.An9.She’son__________People’sDaily.A.theB.anC.aD./10.__________Wangscouldnotpayfor__________advancededucationthattheirsonneeded.A.The;theB.A;aC.An;theD.The;an11.Sheis__________newcomerto__________chemistrybutshehasalreadymadesomeimportantdiscoveries.A.the;theB.the;aC.a;/D.a;the12.—WhereisJack?—Ithinkheisstillin__________bed，buthemightbein__________bathroom.A./;/B.the;theC.the;/D./;the13.Idon’tliketalkingon__________telephone;Ipreferwriting__________letters.A.a;theB.a;/C.the;theD.the;/14.Manypeoplearestillin__________habitofwritingsillythingsin__________publicplaces.A.the;theB./;/C.the;/D./;the 15.—Ifyoudon’tliketheredcoat，taketheblueone.—OK，butdoyouhave__________sizeinblue?Thisoneisabittightforme.A.abigB.abiggerC.thebigD.thebigger16.Iheardsomebodyplaying__________pianoin__________nextroom.A.a;aB.the;theC.a;theD.the;an17.__________PacificOceanis__________largestofall.A.The;aB./;theC.The;theD.A;/18.Greatchangeshavetakenplacein__________1990’s.A./B.aC.theD.an19.Wouldn’titbe__________wonderfulworldifallnationslivedin__________peacewithoneanother?A.a;/B.the;/C.a;theD.the;the20.AlexanderGrahamBellinvented__________telephonein1876.A./B.aC.theD.one21.In1864，Lincolnwaselected__________Presidentof__________UnitedStatesforthesecondtime.A.the;theB.a;aC./;theD./;/22.Johnis__________universitystudent.A./B.anyC.aD.an23.Thetableismadeof__________.A.awoodB.somewoodC.thewoodD.wood24.Wearegoingtolearn__________nextweek.A.TwelfthLessonB.TheTwelfthLessonC.TwelveLessonD.TheTwelveLesson25.—I’dlike__________informationaboutthemanagementofyourhotel，please.—Well，youcouldhave__________wordwiththemanager.Hemightbehelpful.A.some;aB.an;someC.some;some　D.an;a26.Papermoneywasin__________useinChinawhenMarcoPolovisitedthecountryin______thirteenthcentury.A.the;/B.the;theC./;theD./;/27.Mostanimalshavelittleconnectionwith__________animalsof__________differentkindunlesstheykillthemforfood.A.the;aB./;aC.the;theD./;the28.Aliceisfondofplaying__________pianowhileHenryisinterestedinlisteningto_____music.A./;theB./;/C.the;/D.the;the29.Oh，John.__________yougaveus!A.HowapleasantsurpriseB.HowpleasantsurpriseC.WhatapleasantsurpriseD.Whatpleasantsurprise30.Jumpingoutof__________airplaneattenthousandfeetisquite__________excitingexperience.A./;the　　B./;an　C.an;an　　D.the;theⅢ.高考模拟强化练习1.Iknew__________JohnLennon,butnot__________famousone.A./；aB.a；theC./；theD.the；a2.Onewaytounderstandthousandsofnewwordsistogain__________goodknowledgeofbasicwordformation.A./B.theC.aD.one3.Jackhad___________feelingofexcitementwhenhearinghisarticlehadbeenpublishedin___________ schoolmagazine.A.the；aB.a；theC.／；theDthe；／4.Excuseme,I’mheretogetmyboardingpass.CanIhave__________seatnextto__________window,please?A.the；aB.the；theC.a；theD.a；a5.Thepolicesaidthat___________thiefwasayoungmanwith___________brownhair.A.the;aB.the;/C.a;/D.a;a6.Asweknow,thePotalaPalace（布达拉宫）,____________combinationofTibetanconstructionartandculture,isconsidered___________precioustreasureofChina.A.不填；aB.a;aC.the;theD.a;不填7.—Iamat__________lossatthemoment.Canyouhelpme?—That’soutof___________question.WhatcanIdoforyou?A.a;/B.a;theC./;aD./;the8.---Whatabout__________concertyouattendedlastnight?---Totellthetruth,itwastooboring,youknow,__________concertlikethat.A.the;theB.the;aC.a;theD.the;不填9.Thecakesaredelicious.He’dliketohave__________thirdonebecause__________secondoneisrathertoosmall.A.a,aB.the,theC.a,theD.the,a10.---Whynotopenthewindowstolet__________coolairin?---I’dratheryoudidn’t.__________airinouttownisterriblypolluted.A.a;TheB./;TheC./;/D.the;/第二讲：冠词Ⅰ.高考真题演练1.C第一个空格是特指跳高的金牌，所以用the，第二个空在序数词前用不定冠词，表示“再；又”，asecondchance即“又一次机会”。本句意为“他错失了跳高的金牌，不过在跳远中还有一次机会（拿金牌）。”注意：“the+序数词”表示“第几次”；“a/an+序数词”则表示在原来的基础上再增加一个。2.Afoodscience食品科学，学科名称前不用冠词，factory为可数名词，而且为泛指，其前需用a。本句意为“卡尔正在大学学习食品科学，希望有一天能开一家自己的肉制品加工厂。”3.D职务名称前不用冠词，所以第一个空格不填，taketheplaceof为固定短语，表示“取代；代替”。本句意为“萨姆已经被指定为工程部门的经理，取代乔治。”4.Cfinishedpainting完成的画，是特指，故其前用定冠词the，satisfaction为抽象名词，其前不用冠词，所以选C。本句意为“莎拉满意地看着已完成的画。”5.Badrink一份饮料/酒；acomfort一件令人感到欣慰的事。本句意为“在那些困难的日子里，能买地起一份饮料是件让人欣慰的事。”6.C第一个空中的hotels表示类别，而非特指，所以不用冠词，bythesea是常用短语，表示“在海边”。本句意为“史密斯一家通常不喜欢住在旅馆里，不过去年夏天他们在一个非常漂亮的海边旅馆里住了几天。”7.Cheadache通常与a搭配，evening是特指当天的evening，所以用the。本句意为“我醒来时头疼的厉害，但是到了晚上，疼痛就消失了。”8.DtheInformationAge信息时代，atimeof则表示“一个……的时代”。本句意为“据说我们正生活在信息时代，一个充满新发现和巨大变革的时代。”9.Cprocess为可数名词，其前需用a，由此可以排除A，B，human existence人类存在（史），习惯上不用冠词，所以选C。本句意为“从石制工具到现代技术，工业的发展一直是一个贯穿人类生存史的渐进的过程。”10.B第一个空用a表示“一段很短的距离”，restaurant为特指，故其前用the。本句意为“不用着急—从这儿到那家餐馆路程很短”。11.D第一个空格后的frontdoor显然为特指，第二个为泛指，所以选D。本句意为“当到达前门时，杰克看到奇怪的一幕”。12.B第一个空用a表示“每一”；by后的名词表示计量单位时，要用the，故选B。本段对话意为“—据说约翰将会得到一个年薪6万多美元的工作。—是的，他也将被按周支付报酬/按周领取薪水。”13.A前后两个空格都是泛指某类人中的一个。本句意为“人们通常认为一个男孩必须学会站起来向男人一样去战斗”。14.Drecentlydiscoveredpainting是特指，故其前用the，a用于人名前，可以表示某人的作品。APicasso即一幅毕加索的作品。本句意为“专家们认为最近发现的那幅画可能是毕加索的作品”。15.A职务、头衔前不用冠词，afifth表示“五分之一”，表示分数时分子用基数词，分母用序数词。本句意为“这所学校的校长—PeterSpence博士告诉我们：“这儿的学生有五分之一去牛津或剑桥大学学习。”16.CthePeople’sRepublicofChina为专有名词，即“中华人民共和国”，很多由普通名词构成的专有名词前都需要加the，如theUnitedStates（美国）、theUnitedKingdom（英国）。17.C第一个空用a表示泛指一个，friendly和open为并列成分，共同修饰attitude，而friendly前已有a，故open前无需再用冠词，所以选C。本句意为“在交流中，（一个）微笑通常被认为是友好、坦诚态度的一个强烈标志”。18.Bfeeling表示“感情；感觉”时为可数名词，agoodfeeling表示“一种不错的感觉”；pleasure是抽象名词，故不用冠词。本句意为“人们喜欢上海世博会给它们的快乐，这是种不错的感觉”。givesbpleasure带给某人快乐。19.Cfront前用the为特指公交的前部，后面的haveabetterview为习惯搭配，表示“能更好的观赏（景色）”。本句意应为“如果我们坐在公共汽车的前部，就能更好的欣赏（路上的）景色”。20.A.peoplefromallwalksoflife表示“来自社会各阶层的人”，非特指，故第一空不用冠词，第二个空在Jiangsu前有形容词new，加冠词a，表示“一个全新的江苏”。21.Binspace为固定短语，表示“在太空中”，第二个earth为独一无二的事物，需用定冠词。本句意为“太空中有超过58,000的岩状物体，其中大约900有可能掉到地球上”。22.A序数词前用a表示“再一；又一”，用the则表示“第几”，thefirstimpression意为“第一印象”，因为此题的句意是“第一印象是最持久的。毕竟，你永远不可能有机会再去给别人留一次第一印象”。23.Dprice意为“代价”，为可数名词，前边有no时，such后面的名词不用冠词。本句意为“一切都要付出代价，世上没有免费午餐这类的东西”。24.Bdoharmto为固定搭配，表示“对……有害”，harm前不加任何冠词，第二空weakening前加the表示特指人体的衰弱。本句意为“许多生活方式对人类的健康危害如此严重，以至于他们事实上加速了人体的衰退”。25.Dmostcountries此处表泛指，其前不加冠词，第二个空处应为“一个好的起点/开端”。本句意为“在大部分国家，大学文凭能让你拥有一个好的起点”。26.A本句意为“除非我们创造一个污染更少的世界，否则我们永远无法期望有一个更蓝的天空”。sky通常为不可数名词，但本句中，其前有形容词修饰，此时可与不定冠词连用，表示“一个更蓝的天空”。27.AAirpollution在这里是泛指污染，weather则是特指全球的气候，故用定冠词。28.Bgotothecinema固定短语，去看电影，forawhile也是固定搭配，表示“一会儿”。29.C第一空所填冠词与上下文构成固定句型whatapitythat…，用不定冠词a；第二空后名词表示特指，用定冠词the，选C。30.B本句意为“为了找到一个更好的工作，他决定再学习一门外语”。31.D本句意为“我不理解工程师的意思，但我已对工程计划有了粗略的想法”。 32.Bwinattention赢得关注，中间不用冠词。本句意为“中国制造的洗衣机已赢得了世界关注，海尔已成为一个知名品牌”。33.DABC表示“基础知识，入门知识”，ABC前加the特指油画基础。本句意为“我需要的是一本含有油画基础知识的书”。Ⅱ.基础巩固练习1~5DAABA6~10DBBAA11~15CDDCB16~20BCCAC21~25CCDBA26~30CBCCCⅢ.高考模拟强化练习1.B.第一个空用在人名前，表示一个叫JohnLennon的人，第二个空表示特指。2.C3.B4.C5.B6.B7.A8.B9.C10.B