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高中英语语法复习学案学生版——冠词、名词(I)不定冠词a,an学习目标:1.理解不定冠词a和an的基本用法和基本功能。2.掌握不定冠词a和an的基本用法和基本功能。3.能结合具体的语言环境正确使用不定冠词a和an。学习重点:掌握不定冠词a和an的基本用法和基本功能。学习难点:能结合具体的语言环境正确使用不定冠词a和an。预习案(学生思考)【探究一】不定冠词a和an的基本用法。(口诀):a和an的选用与巧记(口诀)冠词a,an两顶帽,单数名词常需要;不定冠词两变体,用a或an都表“一”;单词开头发元音,an帽儿任你挑;可数名词首次提,何人何物不具体;辅音起首戴a帽,记住规律莫乱套。某类人、物任一个,有时还要表“每一”。Task1【填冠词】__a__university_a__one-eyeddog___a__Europeancar__an___honestboy___an_hour__an__X-ray__an___uglyman_an_honor_a__university_an_Ipad_an__iphone_an__MP5__a__gardenlive__an__unhappylifehave__an__unusualexperience___an___umbrella__a___usualthing__a__usefulbookTask2.【用合适的冠词填空。】1.Iearn10dollars___an___houras___a___supermarketcashieronSaturday.2.Theteacheraskedustowrite___an___800-word–longcomposition.3.There’s_____a____dictionaryon___the____deskbyyourside.19
高中英语语法复习学案学生版——冠词、名词4.Iknow___a___JohnLemon,butnot____the___oneyouknow.5.Theyaretwins,sotheyareof___an___age.【总结】不定冠词有_____a____和____an_____两种形式,分别怎么用?Task3.【用英语解释冠词的用法】1)Theyareanage.(=____thesame____)2)Iwillreturninadayortwo.(=__one_____)3)Hi,John.AMr.Smithiswaitingforyououtside.(=____acertain_______)【探究三】不定冠词的特殊用法Task1.【填冠词】1)Myworkexperienceandeducationbackgroundhavesuppliedmewithmanyskillsand__an__understandingofdealingwiththeteenagers.2)Hehas___a__finecollectionofpaintings.3)__A___knowledgeofaforeignlanguageisnecessary.4)Youneed___不填__specializedknowledgetodothisjob.【总结】有些由动词转化而来的不可数名词,如果后面有of,在这些名词前需要加上__a_或_an_,即抽象名词的具体化.Task2.【写出下列词组的意思】haveacold感冒haveagoodtime玩的开心haveagiftfor有。。。的天赋haveawordwith…与某人谈谈inahurry匆忙、立刻onceinawhile有时,偶尔ataloss不知所措forawhile暂时,一会儿onceuponatime曾经allofasudden突然atadistance在远处haveapopulationof有。。。人口awasteof…浪费have/takearest休息一会儿haveaholiday放假,休假19
高中英语语法复习学案学生版——冠词、名词getalift/ride搭车goonadiet节食amatterof…。。。的问题Task3【改写下列句子】1.What___an___interestingbookIhaveread!=HowinterestingabookIhaveread!what/such/half…+a/an+可数名词单数2.Thatwasaquiteextraordinaryexperience.=Thatwasquiteanextraordinaryexperience.quite/rather+a/an(+adj.)+可数名词单数反馈案1.翻译下列句子。1).我不想喝你吵架,我选择和你谈一谈.(havewordswithsb./haveawordwithsb.)Idon’twanttohavewordswithyou.Iprefertohaveawordwithyou.2).消息传来说我们下周将要去秋游。(word)Wordcamethatwewillhaveanautumnouting(II)定冠词the备课教师:王丽霞学习目标:1.理解定冠词the的基本用法和基本功能。19
高中英语语法复习学案学生版——冠词、名词2.掌握定冠词the的基本用法和基本功能。3.能结合具体的语言环境正确使用定冠词the。学习重点:掌握不定冠词the的基本用法和基本功能。学习难点:能结合具体的语言环境正确使用定冠词the。预习案(学生思考)探究一定冠词the的用法.Task1熟读下列口诀并总结定冠词the的用法.定冠词用法有规律,防止遗忘很容易。特指双方都熟悉,上文已经被提及。世上无二仅独一,序数词和最高级。山河海岛建筑物,姓氏复数奏乐器。少数形表人一类,方位名词须牢记。普构专有惯用词,朝代年代和逢十度量衡前表“每一”,有时还可表类指。Task1:观察下列小题,并判断每个小题考察的是定冠词the的哪种基本用法。1.【观察】TheGreensareattable【总结】用在姓氏复数前表示一家人或者夫妇2.【观察】theTangDynastytheSpringandAutumnPeriodinthe1990s【总结】用在朝代、年代名词前和逢十的数词(表示某个年代)前3.【观察】1)Ihavehiredthecarbythehour.2)Eggsaresoldbythedozen.【总结】用在表量度单位的名词前,表示“每一”【题组训练】1).Thedietismeasuredin_不填___calories,whilethefoodissoldby_the_pound.2).__The_costofthisproductiscalculatedby不填weight.4.【观察】Howdoyoulikethefilm?【总结】在特指的人或物前,表示“这/那”5.【观察】Thisismyroom,theroomisbrightandclean.19
高中英语语法复习学案学生版——冠词、名词【总结】用在前面提到过的人或物的前面,或者与其相关的事物前6.【观察】Pleaseremembertotakethemedicine.【总结】用在双方都知道的人或物前。7.【观察】thesun;themoon;thesky【总结】用在世界上独一无二的事物及自然现象前8.【观察】Thecargoesfasterthanthebike.【总结】定冠词可以用来表示类指9.【观察】Thefirstgirlishisyoungersister.【总结】定冠词可以用在序数词前。10.【观察】ThisisthebestbookIhaveread.【总结】定冠词可以用在形容词和副词的最高级前11.【观察】Heisthetallerofthetwoboys.【总结】定冠词可以用在形容词的比较级前,表示“两者中较……的”12.【观察】theyoung;theliving;thedead【总结】定冠词用在形容词、动词-ing、或者动词过去分词前,表示一类人、一类事或一类活动13.【观察】ThisistheplacewhereIoncelived.【总结】被指示代词或定语从句修饰的名词。14.【观察】playthepiano;playtheviolin【总结】表示乐器的名词前要用定冠词15.【观察】ThecityisinthesouthofFrench【总结】方位名词前用定冠词16.【观察】theYellowRive;theSouthSea;Thegreatwall【总结】在江、河、海、山脉、群岛、沙漠等专有名词前用定冠词;17.【观察】thebarber’s(shop);thetailor’s(shop)【总结】在表示公共团体、公共建筑和店铺的名词前要用零冠词19
高中英语语法复习学案学生版——冠词、名词17.【观察】intherain;inaheavyrain18.【总结】在表示自然现象的名词前要用定冠词;但是如果名词前有形容词修饰的话,要用不定冠词探究二(上课用)Task.观察并总结The的特殊用法。20.【观察】themore,thebetter【总结】“the+形容词比较级,the+形容词比较级”意思是“越……越……”21【填介词】takesb.bythearmhitsb.inthefacestrikesbontheback【总结】句型:动词+sb.+介词+the+身体部位22.【观察】intherain;inaheavyrain【总结】_________________________________22.【短语】makethemost/bestof充分利用inthedaytime在白天intheend终于,最后inthehabitof有。。。习惯intheway妨碍,当道bytheway顺便说一下onthewhole大体上ontheright/left在右边/左边atthesametime同时ontheonehand…一方面atthemoment此时,当时theotherday几天前gotothecinema/theatre去看电影gotothedoctor’s去看医生onthebus乘公交车ontheradio/phone在广播/电话中onthespot当场,立刻(III)零冠词备课教师:王丽霞学习目标:1.理解零冠词的基本用法和基本功能。2.掌握零冠词的基本用法和基本功能。19
高中英语语法复习学案学生版——冠词、名词3.能结合具体的语言环境正确使用零冠词。探究三观察并总结定零冠词(不用冠词)的用法.Task1熟读下列口诀并总结零冠词的用法.零冠词的基本用法(口诀):下列情况不用冠,名词之前代词限;专有名词不可数,球类学科与三餐;复数名词表泛指,季节月份星期前;颜色语种和国名,称呼习语及头衔。1.【观察】1)Fatherwenttohisdoctorforadviceabouthishearttrouble.2.2)Horsesareusefulanimals.【总结】不可数名词、复数名词表泛指,用零冠词【题组训练】1)HelikestotalkonthephonewhileIpreferwritingXletters.2)WaterischangedintoXsteambyheatandintoXicebycold.3)TheW(w)aterinthewellissweet.2.【题组训练】1)XA(a)utumnistheharvestseason.2)Theorganizationwasfoundedinthespringof2010.【总结】月、季、星期、节假、洲;呼语、头衔、职务前;三餐、球类、惯用语;学科、棋类名词前3.【观察】1)Hasheturnedscientist?2)Weelectedhimmonitorofourclass.?【总结】表头衔,职位的名词作表语,同位语,补足语时,前面不用任何冠词。4.【句型转换】1)Althoughheisahero,hehassomeshortcomings.Heroas/though_heis,hehassomeshortcomings.2)Thoughheisayoungman,hehasseenmuchoftheworld.Youngmanas/thoughheis,heasseenmuchoftheworld19
高中英语语法复习学案学生版——冠词、名词【总结】as表示“尽管”时,做表语的单数名词放在句首,省略冠词a/an5.【短语】insurprise惊讶地facetoface面对面incaseof万一bybus乘公交车atnigh在晚上cometopower执政givebirthto产生,生孩子aheadoftime提前dayandnight夜以继日inpublic公开地,当众onshow展览,展出fatherandson父与子sidebyside并排indebt负债shouldertoshoulder并肩catchfire着火【题组训练】1)MaryisalwaysshyinXpublic,andsheneverdarestomakeaspeechtothepublic2)HeturnedXpoliticianmanyyearsago.19
高中英语语法复习学案学生版——冠词、名词(IV)定冠词的活用备课教师:王丽霞学习目标:能结合具体的语言环境正确使用冠词。学习重点:能结合具体的语言环境正确使用冠词。学习难点:能结合具体的语言环境正确使用冠词。探究四冠词的活用Task1.用正确的冠词填空1.【填冠词】1)Ididn’tthinkmychanceofXsuccesswereverygood.19
高中英语语法复习学案学生版——冠词、名词2)Hisnewbookwasagreatsuccess.3)Thegirlcameasacompletesurprisetome.4)Heexpressedthesurprisethatnoonehadofferedtohelp.5)Ofherplays,threeweresuccessesandonewasafailure.6)Justasthefamoussayinggoes,XfailureisthemotherofXsuccess【总结】抽象名词具体化时,前面可能会用a或an;特指时应该用the2.【填冠词】1)Whichisthelargercountry,CanadaorAustralia?2)Thispairofshoesisnotfitforme.Wouldyoushowmeabiggerone?3)Heisthemostdiligentstudentinourclass.4)Itisamostusefulbook.(averyuseful)【总结】形容词比较级前用the表示“两者当中较……的”形容词比较级前用a/an表示“再/更……”Task2.观察并总结3.【填冠词】1)NeilArmstrong,thefirstmantowalkonthemoon.2)Afullmoonhangsoverthegarden.【总结】世界上独一无二的事物前一般用the;但如果名词前有修饰成分,可用a/an4.【观察】1)Godownthisroadandturnleftatthesecondcrossing.2)Canyougivemeasecondchance,please?3)Hewasonly5yearsoldwhenIXfirstsawhim.【总结】“the+序数词”表示排序;“a+序数词”表示“又一、再一”;序数词修饰动词时,用零冠词5.【观察】Beyondthestars,theastronautsawnothingbut______space.19
高中英语语法复习学案学生版——冠词、名词【总结】weather;fun;space(太空);advice;word(=news);progress;information;news,以上不可数名词永远不能与不定冠词连用6.【观察】Mygrandfatherlikesplaying_Xerhu;【总结】中国乐器名称前用零冠词7.【观察】BeijingNewYorktheYellowRivertheHudsonRivertheWestLaketheGreatwalltheSummerPalaceBeijingUniversity=theuniversityofBeijing【总结】由普通名词组成的专有名词前要加the,否则不用任何冠词。由汉语拼音组成的专有名词前一般不用冠词。Task3.观察并总结区别。8.【观察】有无冠词的区别gotoschool去上学goto/beatchurch去做礼拜gototheschool到学校去(不一定是去上学)goto/beatthechurch去教堂gotosea出海(是海员)Heisstillinoffice.他仍在执政gotothesea去海边Heisstillintheoffice他仍然在办公beinhospital在住院beinprison在坐牢beinthehospital在医院里beinthehospital在监狱infrontof_______________sitattable吃饭inthefrontof__________________sitatthetable坐在桌旁byday在白天takeplace发生bytheday按天计算taketheplaceof代替。。。inpossessionofsth.拥有某物insightof能看见inthepossessionofsb.。。。为某人所拥有inthesightof据……的见解19
高中英语语法复习学案学生版——冠词、名词inplaceof代替infuture今后intheplaceof在。。。的位置inthefuture在未来Sheisinclass.她在上课instore.储存Sheisintheclass.她在那个班inthestore.在商店/仓库Itisoutofquestion.=beyondquestion那是毫无疑问的Itisoutofthequestion=impossible那是根本不可能的Heisinchargeofthefactory.他负责这家工厂Thefactoryisinthechargeofhim.这家工厂由他负责(V)名词(n.)备课教师:王丽霞教学内容:1.名词的概念 2.名词的分类 3.可数名词的复数形式 4.名词的所有格学习目标:使学生了解名词,掌握名词的分类和用法。学习重点:1.可数名词和不可数名词的用法。 2.可数名词的复数形式。 3.名词的所有格学习难点:1.可数名词和不可数名词的用法 2.可数名词的复数形式 3.名词的所有格19
高中英语语法复习学案学生版——冠词、名词预习案(学生思考)1. 什么是名词?(Noun)2.名词有哪几类?3.画出下列词中的名词,并指出他们属于名词的哪一类?Diana;Beijing;Americans;May;NewYear’sDaySucceedreamapplesfamilyadvicesoil我对名词的困惑:________________________________________________________________________________________________________________探究案探究一:名词的数(一) 可数名词的规则变化 (口诀) .名词单数变复数,直接加 -s 占多数; s, x, z, ch, sh 来结尾,直接加上 -es; 词尾是 f 或 fe,加 -s 之前先变 ve; 辅母 + y 在词尾,把 y 变 i 再加 -es; 词尾字母若是 o,要加 -es 请记好,黑人,英雄爱吃西红柿和马铃薯Task1:根据以上口诀用所给的单词的复数的正确形式填空:。 1>There are so manywolves(wolf)in the forest. 19
高中英语语法复习学案学生版——冠词、名词2>There are three chairs(chair) in the classroom. 3>These tomatoes(tomato) are red. 4>Heroes(hero) are great. 5>My brother looks after two babies(baby) 6>Chinese peoplelike to eat noodles(noodle). 7>I have a lot oftoys(toy) in my bedroom. 8>I help my mother wash dishes(dish) in thekitchen. 9>There are some buses(bus)in the street. 10>Manyafactory(factory)hasbeenbuiltinourtown.Task2.请写出下列口诀中划线词并写出其复数形式。1.妻子拿刀去宰狼,小偷吓得着了慌,躲进架子保己命,半片树叶遮目光Wifeknifewolfthiefshelflifehalfleaf (二) 可数名词的不规则变化 Task请写出下列口诀中提及的名词以及其复数形式1.大鹅老鼠双脚走 男男女女龇龇牙 goose--geesemouse--micefoot--feetwoman-womenman-mentooth-teeth2.单复数形式一致的口诀: 一个中国人和一个日本人骑着一只羊和鹿去吃水煮鱼。ChineseJapanesesheepdeerfish19
高中英语语法复习学案学生版——冠词、名词3. 中日不变,英法变,其余-s添后面ChineseJapaneseGerman-Germans1.写出下列名词的复数形式总结:1.)awomanteachertwowomenteachers2.)agirlstudenttwogirlstudentsapasser-bytwopassers-by4)ago-betweentwogo-betweens(三)不可数名词Task1.单句改错,并总结不可数名词的考点。1.What a lot of works I have to finish today! Work总结:______________.2 He has got many good news from here.Much总结:__________________.3.Will you please make a room for the lady outside?去掉a总结:____________.4.Yesterday afternoon, I paid visit to Mr Johnson .paidavisitto总结:______.5.During her visit,she drank 12 cup of tea.cups总结:__________________.6.Thepartylastnightwassuccess.asuccess总结:__________________.Task2.请列举短文改错中经常出现的不可数名词:Work(工作)adviceinformationknowledgefurnituremoneyexperience(经验)exercise(锻炼)funword(消息)practiceweatherprogressnaturestrength(力量)helpfoodenergyevidence(四)以复数形式出现的名词19
高中英语语法复习学案学生版——冠词、名词根据汉语意思写出下列单词。1.Shewearsapairofnewtrousers(裤子)today.2.Shelooksprettywhenwearingglasses(眼镜)3.Thesurroundings(环境)inourneighborhoodisverybeautiful.4.Idon’tknowhowtoshowmythanks(感谢)toyou.(五)集体名词Hisfamilyisnotabigfamily. HisfamilyarewatchingTVnow.总结:1.(人民people; 警察police复数); 家庭family 班级class 队team 2.集体名词作主语时,表示整体---谓语用单数;代表成员---谓语用复数(六)有些词即可是可数,也可以是不可数,意思不一样Task:请写出下列单词。可数不可数可数不可数light 灯 灯光,光线exercise 练习体操 运动fish 鱼类 鱼肉work 作品 工作glass玻璃杯 玻璃life 生命 生活chicken小鸡 鸡肉 orange 橘子橙汁paper报纸,试卷 纸time 次数 时间Chinese 中国人 汉语Japanese 日本人日语German德国人 德语room房间 空间(七)有些可数名词的复数形式有特殊的含义rains雨季waters水域sands沙滩woods树林,森林fruits各种水果glasses眼镜looks外貌manners礼貌探究二:名词所有格19
高中英语语法复习学案学生版——冠词、名词Task1.名词所有格的表达(TrueorFalse)1.妇女节离现在还有两周Women’Dayisintwoweek’stime.(F)Women’sDayisintwoweeks’time.(T)总结:一般单数名词的词尾加-’s;以s结尾的复数名词的所有格,在词尾加-’;不以-s结尾的复数名词的所有格,在词尾加-’s..2.史密斯先生是我爸爸和妈妈的朋友。MrSmithismyfatherandmother`sfriend.(T)MrSmithismyfather’sandmother`sfriend.(F)3.露西的房间比汤姆和莉莉的都大。Lucy`sroomisbiggerthanTom`sandLily`s.(T)Lucy`sroomisbiggerthanTomandLily`s.(F)总结:表示几个人共有一物,只在最后一个名词用所有格形式;如表示各自拥有时,则每个名词后都要用所有格形式。.4.Thevillageisfarawayfromhereindeed.It`s_D__walk.A.afourhourB.afourhour’sC.afour-hoursD.afourhours’5.Herfatherreturnedhomeafterfiveyears’absence.(T)Herfatherreturnedhomeafterfiveyear’sabsence.(F)总结:表示时间、距离等无生命的名词的所有格是在后面直接加-’s或-’.6.他是我们学校的一名学生。Theirschool’sstudentswentforapicnicyesterday.(F)19
高中英语语法复习学案学生版——冠词、名词Thestudentsoftheirschoolwentforapicnicyesterday.(T)总结:表示无生命的名词一般用of短语表示所有关系.7.这是我妈妈的一张照片Thisisaphotoofmymother’s.(T)Thisisaphotoofmymother.(F)总结:Of所有格用名词普通格或人称代词宾格,双重所有格中of后用名词’s所有格或名词性物主代词。而picture,photo,portrait等词用of所有格侧重同位关系,用双重所有格侧重所有与部分关系。.反馈案一、单句改错。1,My dream school look like a big garden looks2,He was tall, with broad shoulder and a beard that turned from black to gray over the years 3,We’ve called several time about its early morning barking timestoys4,From the time I was about four until I was about six, I destroyed each of my toy .5,Finally, there were a sudden pull at the pole and afish was caught(有两处错误)6.,The teacher was angry because we had the same answer in the tests. answers7,I used to beatop student in junior school 8,Jack was crossing the street when a car was coming towards him ata great speed. 19
高中英语语法复习学案学生版——冠词、名词9.,You can read manynews on the Internet .much10,The other day my brother and I went to the cinema by bikes. bike11,Today I teamed up with a couple from my hotel and hireda car 12,She is one of the best student in her class students13,She had a umbrella on the floor between the seat.(此句中有两处错误) anseats二、语法填空 1.Father went to his doctor foradvice (advise)about his heart trouble. 2. There are tenwomen (woman)teachers and two hundred girls(girl) students in the school.3. Facing cut-throat competition (compete) in all subjects, students must devote as much of their time as possible. 4. I shall never fear difficulty and I shall never know the existence (exist) of the word “failure”. 5 Not long ago he sent word(word) that he would return with his family. 6.. She was in London and spent heryouth(young) in China. 7. The eruption (erupt) of Mount Kilauea, one of the most active volcanoes in Hawaii, is always taking people by surprise. 8. His curiosity (curious) made him wonder about clouds. 9. You should take more exercise(exercise). Don’t always sit at the desk busy doing your exercises 10. The number of languages is getting smaller all the time because of the steady _growth (grow) of bigger languages. 19