动词语态(中考英语语法及练习题) 4页

动词的语态1．分类：主动语态和被动语态2．被动语态：表示主语是动作的承受者，什么事情被主语做。被动语态的构成和形式被动语态由"助动词be+及物动词的过去分词"构成，一定要记住是及物动词。助动词必须与主语的人称和数一致，注意要与我们前一讲学过的八个时态配合使用。3．适合被动语态的情况：1）不知道动作由谁发出，或由于某种原因没有必要说明谁发出动作。如：Thistableismadeofwood.　　2）需要突出或强调动作的承受者时，如：Thisparkwasbuiltforchildren.注意：主动句中的主语如果是people，they，somebody等含糊的表示"人或人们"，没有确指执行者是谁，为被动句时，通常省略"by+执行者"。如：Thedoorwasopenedsecretly.Butnobodycamein.4．注意：1）在主动句里,不定式在make，see，hear等动词后面作宾语补足语时都不带to，但变成被动句时，后面的不定式都需带to。如：Hewasmadetodothatwork.2）主动语态不能变被动语态的情况：学了被动语态，别以为主动句和被动句可以随意转换，千万要注意呀！有些主动语态不能转换成被动语态。当宾语是反身代词时,如：Youshouldtakecareofyourself.　当谓语是表状态的而不是表具体动作的及物动词时，如：Doestheskirtsuityou?练习：1.Thestars_______inthedaytime.　　　A.can"tsee　　　B.can"tbeseen　　　C.can"tbeensee　　　D.see2.Apresent_______tomebyMothernextweek.　　　A.willgive　　　B.isgiven　　　C.willbegive　　　D.willbegiven3.TheCommunistPartyofChina_______inShanghaiin1921.　　　A.wasfound　　　B.found　　　C.wasfounded　　　D.founded4.Greatchanges_______inmyhometownsinceliberation.　　　A.havebeentakenplace　　　B.tookplace　　　C.havetakenplace　　　D.weretakenplace5.Iwasastonished(吃惊)tohearthatthecolourTVset_______5,000yuan.　　　A.hascost　　　B.cost　　　C.costed　　　D.wascost6.Hewasseen_________somethingfromtheshop.　　　A.steel　　　B.tosteal　　　C.tobestolen　　　D.stealed7.Shehas_________byherclassmates.　A.laughed　　　B.laughedat　　　C.beenlaughed　　　D.beenlaughedat8.Thecomputer________intheroom.　　　A.canuse　　　B.canbeuse　　　C.canbeused　　　D.canused9.Thatclock______BigBen. 　　　A.call　　　B.calling　　　C.iscalled　　　D.calls10.Thefilm_______againsometimesnextweek.　　　A.shows　　　B.willshows　　　C.willbeshowed　　　D.shows　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　实践：1.Ihaveneverseen_____UFOin______sky.　　　A.a,the　　　B.an,the　　　C.a,a　　　D.the,a2.--Howisyourbrother"shouseworkdone?　　　　--________　　　A.Good　　　B.Allright　　　C.Quitewell　　　D.Verybad3.TheycomefromEngland.Theyare_______.　　　A.Englishman　　　B.English　　　C.Englishmans　　　D.anEnglish4.Wouldyoupleasegiveme_____colourpencils?　　　A.any　　　B.some　　　C.alittle　　　D.much5.Myfatherissleepingnow,couldyou____theradioabit?　　　A.turnup　　　B.turnon　　　C.turndown　　　D.turnoff6.ItwillbeChildren"sDaysoonandwe"renow____busy____abee.　　　A.as...as　　　B.as...like　　　C.like...as　　　D.so...like7.--Well,______?　　　　--Ihaveaheadache,doctor.　　　A.howdoyoudo　　　B.what"sthematterwithyou　　　C.howareyoufeelinglike　　　D.whatkindofillnessdoyouhave8.Theteachertoldtheboy_____itagain.　　　A.don"tdo　　　B.doesnotdo　　　C.tonotdo　　　D.nottodo9.Ilefthere,________.　A.Marydoes　　　B.sodoesMary　　　C.Marydidso　　　D.sodidMary10.--Whoteaches_____English?　　　　--MrLin.　　　A.you　　　B.your　　　C.she　　　D.Tom"s11.Haveyoufinished_______thebook?　　　A.read　　　B.toread　　　C.reading　　　D.reads12.Thefarmerstaughtus______.　　　A.tohowpickapples.　　　B.howpickapples.　　　C.howpickingapples　　　D.howtopickapples13.--______IwatchPro.Brownfrommorningtillnight?　　　　--No,youneedn"t.　　　A.Must　　　B.Can　　　C.May　　　D.Need.14.Doyouknow________?　　　A.howlonghashelivedhere　　　B.howlonghehaslivedhere　　　C.hehaslivedherehowlong　　　D.hehaslivedhowlonghere15.WewillgototheGreatwallifit______tomorrow.A.doesn"train　　　B.won"train　　　C.isn"training　　　D.didn"train I.把下列主动语态改为被动语态:1.WeoftenusearecorderinourEnglishclass.2.Theywillshowanewfilmnextweek.3.Whendidtheybuildthehouse?4.Isawtheboyentertheroom.5.Willtheyshowanewfilmnextweek?6.Havetheypostedtheletteryet?7.Weoftenseehimhelphisclassmate.8.Youmustturnoffthelightbeforeyougotobe.d9.Whoisrepairingthebike?10.Thestudentshouldlearnallthetextsbyheart.II.选择填空:1.Thereadingroom________yesterdayafternoon.A.cleanedB.iscleanedC.wascleaningD.wascleaned2.Theworkersweremade________tenhoursaday.A.workB.toworkC.workingD.worked3.Food________inacoolplaceinsummer.A.mustkeepB.mustn’tkeepC.mustbekeptD.mustn’tbekept4.Hisfather________toworkinHongKong3yearsago.A.sentB.wassentC.hassentD.hasbeensent5.Thepen________well.A.writesB.iswrittenC.waswrittenD.writing6.Greatchanges________inthetownsince1988.A.havetakenplaceB.havebeentakenplaceC.hastakenplaceD.hasbeentakenplace7.Ourcompositionsmust________nextMonday.A.behandinB.behandedinC.handedinD.behandingin8.Thechildwill________backtohisparentsnextmonth.A.sentB.sendC.besentD.besending9.________hiswork________yet?A.have…beenfinishedB.has…beenfinishedC.has…finishedD.have…finished10.Theclassroom________now A.iscleaningB.isbeingcleaningC.isbeingcleanedD.iscleaned11．Tomydisappointment,thecomputerIhad________wasoutoforderagain.A．repairedB．repaireditC．hadrepaireditD．hadrepaired12．He________whenthebuscametoasudden（突然）stop.A．wasalmosthurtB．wastohurthimselfC．washurthimselfD．washurtinghimself13．TheBunsenBurnerissonamedbecauseitisthought________byRobertBunsen.A．tobeinventedB．havingbeeninventedC．inventedD．tohavebeeninvented14．Allthepreparations（准备）fortheproject________,andwe"rereadytostart.A．completed（完成）B．hadbeencompletedC．completeD．havebeencompleted15．—I________toaparty,butI"vegotnothingtowear.—Whydon"tyouhaveadressmadefortheparty?A．wasaskedB．willaskC．haveaskedD．havebeenasked16．Yourroomrequires________.________shecleanitforyou?A．cleaning;WillB．toclean;ShouldC．tobecleaned;ShallD．beingcleaned;Will18．Thiskindofcloth________welland________long.A．iswashed;lastsB．washes;lastsC．washes;islastedD．iswashed;lastedIII.用适当时态和语态的动词填空:1.Canhe________(speak)English?2.Whatlanguage________(speak)inthatcountry?3.Thefilm________(show)manytimessincelastSunday.4.TheseTVsets________(make)inSiChuan.5.Ithasgotsodark.Wouldyouplease________(turn)onthelight?6.Anewhospital________(build)inthisareanow.7.________thebook________(return).8.Rice________(grow)inthesouth.9.Thewindow________(notbreak)bytheboy.10.I________(tell)he________(notcome)justnow.