小学英语音标学案.doc 26页

英语音标学案一、音标的基本常识1、英语音标一共有48个，其中元音有20个，辅音有28个。元音（20个）长元音/ɑ://ɔ:// ɜ://i://U:/短元音/ ʌ//ɒ//ə//ɪ//ʊ//e//æ/双元音/eɪ//əʊ//aɪ//aʊ//ɔɪ//ɪə//eə//ʊə/辅音（28个）清辅音/p// t// k//f//θ//s//ʃ// h//ts//tʃ//tr/浊辅音/b//d/ /g//v//ð/ /z/ /ʒ//dʒ//dz/ /dr/ / r/鼻音/m//n/ /ŋ/ 半元音/ j//w/边音/ ǀ/巧记48个音标：单元音共十二，四二六前中后双元音也好背，合口集中八个辅音共计二十八八对一清又七浊，四个连对也包括。有气无声清辅音，有声无气浊辅音，发音特点应掌握2、音标的书写:a. 音标必须写在括号里，常用的音标括号有斜头和平头两种，其上端不顶第一线，大致与大写字母相齐，下端在第三格的中b. 音标没有书写体，也没有大小写，因此书写时必须和印刷体一样，直上直下，没有斜度，其书写规格如下所列。c. 下面几个音标是最容易写错的，一定要注意：[ai]和[au]不要写成[Ai]和[Au]，[A:]不要写成[a:]。在打字的时候，不要用a来代替A,把[A:]打成[a:]，也不要用g来代替G，把[GE:l]打成[gE:l]。d. 音标没有书写体，也没有大小写，因此书写时必须和印刷体一样，直上直下，没有斜度，其书写规格如下页所列。二、音标的学习：26 Lesson1元音[i:][i][ә:][ә]1、[i:]发这个音的字母和字母组合eeaeee:mebesheheweeveningee:sweetbeesweepsheepseesleepthreegreenea:meatleafseapeateacheatclean根据发音规则，圈出下列单词中元音字母组合发音相同的两个词。1.seatrainbeancat2.giftfeetteacherdog3.pigstartreejeep4.sweetseafishthe2、[i]发这个音的字母和字母组合ieyeyayi:pigfishinfifteensixshipthine:beginbehindjacketbasketbally:happyheavybusylorrycarrysunnylovelystudythirstytwentythirtywindyrainyey:monkeymoneyay:SundaySaturdayFriday根据发音规则，圈出每组中元音字母发音不相同的单词。1.sofasitkicklip2.inkgiftjamship3.handpicturebigsister4.hotlickpigjelly3、[ә:]发这个音的字母和字母组合erirurearorer:herservetermir:birdgirlskirtfirstdirtyskirtshirtur:nurseThursdayturtlepurplecurtainear:earlylearnor:wordworkworld根据发音规则，圈出每组中元音字母组合发音相同的单词。1.thirtybeerthirstywheat2.bankkinghernurse3.turtlebirdrabbitknee4.roomrunshirtterm4、[ә]发这个音的字母和字母组合ureeraroraeure:pictureer:teacherbrotherdinnerfathersisterar:sugaror:doctora:pandaaboutabovecamerasofaChina根据发音规则，找出发[ә]的2个单词写在后面的横线上。1.mothersofaroadsmile26 2.sitfathersisterfood3.hairdeertigerChina4.sugarsoonearleader音标[i:][i][ә:][ә]练习1.找出下列没有相同发音的词。()①hefeetbreadgreen()②pigisdogship()③thirtybirdherfood()④shebiginmoney()⑤sweetsfishteacherwe()⑥teachersisteraboutgirl()⑦tigerfirstworkshirt()⑧treebeancleanchin()⑨fatherdoctorskirtchina()⑩happyseasitpicture2.读音标写单词。[bi:][bә:d][si:][swi:t][′bizi][hә:][′dɔktә][′sistә][li:f][hi:]3.连线。meat[ә:]thirsty[i:]driver[ә]animal[i:]Lesson2音标[ɔ:][ɔ][u:][u]1、[ɔ:]发这个音的字母和字母组合aawaloroora:wateraw:drawstrawberryal:ballwallor:horsecornforkorshortoor:floordoor根据发音规则，找出发[ɔ:]的1个单词写在后面的横线上。1.tallbirdbreadpoor2.ideachairsporthare3.cakebearwalkcup4.drinkshortbagmilk2、[ɔ]发这个音的字母和字母组合oao:foxcoffeedogshopdogdoctorlonga:watch根据发音规则，找出发[ɔ:]的2个单词写在后面的横线上。1.doctorteacherboxclothes26 2.coldzooclockdog3.lovebosslotviolin4.watchbeachfoxgirl1、[u:]发这个音的字母和字母组合ooouio:dowhowhoseoo:foodmoontooui:fruitjuiceu:rulerrude根据发音规则，找出不发[u:]的单词。1.juicemoonzoopanda2.toothbroomeyespoon3.headbootnoodlespool4.nooncoolbootwatch3、[u]发这个音的字母和字母组合ooouo:womanwolfoo:lookgoodbookfootwoodu:bullbullet根据发音规则，选出与其它单词元音发音不相同的单词。1.mouthbooklookpull2.pushtapesugarfoot3.woodkindwolfbull4.bulletwoodcookname音标[ɔ:][ɔ][u:][u]练习一．抄写音标，一个抄写10遍,一边抄写一边读。[u]：[u:]：[ɔ]：[ɔ:]__________二．找出下列没有相同发音的词。()①moonfoodeatfruit()②truebookwoodlook()③foursmallwalkbird()④gotclockshopshirt()⑤busfootpushbook()⑥lostballlongox()⑦rulerdogmooncakeblue()⑧bigshiphorseit四.写出单词或音标。[bru:m][dɔ:][sit][bә:d][fut][wi:][dɔg][′sistә]lookdowatergood26 toofootclockfirstworksisterdoctorsea五.将下列单词与正确的音标用线连起来。hot[blu:]football[huk]blue[ki:s]hook[futbɔ:l]kiss[hɔt]Lesson3音标[a:][Λ][æ][e]1、[a:]发这个音的字母和字母组合aaraueara:grassglassclassplantdancefastfatherlastar:carstararmMarchgardendarkscarfau:laughauntear:heart根据发音规则，圈出发[a:]的2个单词。1.armlipdoctorcard2.cloudcartgardengate3.ballscarfdarktiger4.joblorryMarchpark1、[Λ]发这个音的字母和字母组合ouooouo:soncomecolourlovemoneyu:sunnutjumpgumbusbrushsupperusou:touchcousincountry根据发音规则，找出每组中发[Λ]的单词。1.hearcupbedair2.voiceboyduckant3.vasecornbeargun4.cuteboymoneyher3、[æ]发这个音的字母和字母组合aa:dadcapcatbadapplebagflaghandrabbitantblackfathasstandratmap根据发音规则，找出每组中发[æ]的单词。1.ratbedfacesport2.hearcupfatpear3.ricebatfingertree26 4.seayoungknifeapple4、[e]发这个音的字母和字母组合eeae:eggbelldesklegpettenpenea:breadheadbreakfast根据发音规则，找出每组中不发[e]的单词。1.catwelllegpen2.sweatmappetelephant3.eggtentalldesk4.breadheadbedtoy音标[a:][Λ][æ][e]练习一．抄写音标，一个抄写5遍。[a:]：[Λ]：[æ]：[e]：____二．选出下列没有相同发音的词。()1.cararmfoodgarden()2.truejumpbuscut()3.bagshortmapflag()4.eggpenheadsmall()5.gotclockbelldog()6.rabbitbookwoodfoot()7.ratbatappleten()8.gunstarduckmoneg三.写出单词或音标。［pa:st］[ru:m][swet][sit][fæt][gɔt][cΛp][shә:t]bagcarbusbreadstarhead四.选出下列每题中元音有几种读音，有一种读音的在（）里画☆,有两种读音的画△,有三种的画◇()1.hatfastcooklast()2.jeepdoorsungum()3.dadcaphandmap()4.starcarcutfrom()5.skirtsheepbirdher五.改变下列单词的一个字母,使它变成另一个单词like_________________(交通工具)hat________________(动物)lake________________(食品)nice_______________(数字)hot_________________(用品)well_______________(用品)Lesson4元音音标[ei][ai][ɔi][au]1、[ei]发这个音的字母和字母组合aaiaya:cakemakenamegamesnakegatelazy26 ai:raintrainwaitay:dayMayplaytadayway根据发音规则，圈出下列单词中发音不一样的单词。1.facewavesheeptail2.grapeplanenamecoat3.timetapetrainsnake4.rainsoapcaketrain1、[ai]发这个音的字母和字母组合iyieuyi:kitebikenicetigerwriteknifey:bycryflymyskytrywhyie:tiepieuy:buy根据发音规则，找出每组中发[ai]的2个单词.1.ricegoodjamright2.shipmineice-creammouse3.cloudsittieeye4.writesmalltenniskite3、[ɔi]发这个音的字母和字母组合oioyoi:oilboilcoinoy:boytoy根据发音规则，找出每组中发[ɔi]的2个单词.1.soilhearsoycold2.rabbitbedboynoise3.walkvoiseboilword4.teaenjoytoymilk4、[au]发这个音的字母和字母组合ouowou:housemousemouthtrousersow:flowercowhownowdown根据发音规则，选出不发[au]的单词。1．mousecloudarmclown2.teachertrouserscowmouth3.towndanceflowerhouse4.towerblousenowbaby音标[ei][ai][ɔi][au]练习一．抄写音标，一个抄写5遍。[ei]：[ai]：[ɔi]：[au]：____二.选出下列没有发相同发音的词()1.cakeeggrainMay()2.kitecrybroomfly()3.boyjoycatnoise26 ()4.blousesuncowhouse()5.towerflowermoutharm三.读音标,将下列单词补充完整或写出字母，单词的音标。[klaud][set][kɔin][krɔ:s]c______ds____c____ncr____s[flæg][trein][desk][smail]f____gtr____nd______s____leAaKkIiYyhiboycownowtoybikehousemycakefacehownice四.把下列单词下正确的音标连接起来bow[bau]gate[pai]tray[geit]pie[trei]poison[pɔizn]1、Lesson5元音音标[әu][iә][eә][uә]发这个音的字母和字母组合ooaowo:noserosepoenoveroa:boatcoatsoapgoatow:showwindowsnowbowl根据发音规则，圈出每组中发[әu]的2个单词。1．coatgoattreeriver2.makewindowkniferoad3.yourwhiterowcoat4.boathennoselamp2、[iә]发这个音的字母和字母组合eareerear:earhearteareer:deerbeer根据发音规则，圈出每组中发[iә]的1个单词。1.bearbeerfairtail2.noodlespairnearcome3.horseneartowerair4.ringkingherethree3、[eә]发这个音的字母和字母组合airearair:hairchairpairear:pearbearwear根据发音规则，圈出每组中发[eә]的1个单词。1.bearideapineappletail26 2.noodlespairclimbcome3.horsehousetowerair4.ringkingharethree4、[uә]发这个音的字母和字母组合oorourureoor:poorour:tourure:surepure根据发音规则，圈出每组中发[uә]的1个单词。1.cleartouristpineappletail2.noodlespairclimbfury3.beardcuretowerair4.voicekingpureengineer音标[әu][iә][eә][uә]的练习一．抄写音标，一个抄写5遍。[әu]：[iә]：[eә]：[uә]：___________二.选出下列没有相同发音的词。()1.mouthcoatgoatwindow()2.dearbeercaketeacher()3.pairboyairhare()4.poortourEuropecry()5.boatbikesidefly三.写出单词或音标。［nәuz］[said][iә][kau][peә][puә][bæt][wu:d]goearphotodeernearnosehear五.把下列单词与音标用线连起来。［rәuz］theater["θiәtә]rose[skweә]tour[tuә]square[pleisiz]placesLesson6辅音音标[p][b][t][d]p:pianopandaparrotpetshipsheeppigstoppp:applehappy根据发音规则，圈出没有发[p]的单词。1.shipphonesleeppear2.pickpenbigpineapple26 3.taxiparrotsheeppig4.pandaponypettruck2、[b]发这个音的字母和字母组合bbbb:bookballbirdbigboybagbananabb:rubberrabbitcabbage根据发音规则，圈出发[b]的2个单词。1.cabgiftbeachlove2.petgodtubbed3.weatherboybusmake4.rabbitreaddressbaby3、[t]发这个音的字母和字母组合tttt:tableteataxicatratfatticketTt:buttermatter根据发音规则，圈出没有发[t]的1个单词。1.taxifatbagtoy2.hatticketteaduck3.pocketpacketcatrain4、[d]发这个音的字母和字母组合dedd:duckseeddoordeskdayredheadbedreadcolded:smiledopenedplayed根据发音规则，圈出没有发[d]的1个单词。1.bedclotheshand2.dogcoldfive3.danceduckgrape音标[p][b][t][d]练习一．抄写音标，一个抄写5遍。[p]：[b]：[t]：[d]：_______二.选出下列没有相同发音的词()1.pearshipcoatpig()2.taxibeancabcabbage()3.hatseaticketwallet()4.seeddancehandfull()5.pickpensitpineapple()6.coldfinddoorchair()7.clothpurplepoolpush()8.eatfanquietset三.写出单词或音标。[pændә][kΛt][di:p][klaud]applepearrabbitread四.改变下列单词的一个字母，使它变成另一个单词。short→_____________(衣物)sea→_________________（感官动词）26 pet→______________(蔬菜)ten→___________________(动物)Lesson7辅音音标[k][g][s][z]1、[k]发这个音的字母和字母组合ckckc:capcookcupcarcanclassk:cookmilkkeydeskkitecakeck:clocksockcockneck从下列单词中找出一个发[sk]的单词。1.cakecardeskneck2.maskrockinkclock3.disktrucksilkduck2、[g]发这个音的字母和字母组合gggg:glassgolfgetgirlbaggoatflaggg:egg根据发音规则，圈出发[g]的单词。gasdrivegumgiveviolinbagjeansorangelogbridgeguesstankgradelonglanguage3、[s]发这个音的字母和字母组合scssces:starsunsnakeseaseec:pencilcitycedarceilingcelebratess:grassglassclassbossce:faceracericenice根据发音规则，圈出每组中2个发[s]的单词。1.whosejuicelickstudent2.thosecasescarfshoes3.spacenosesciencemeat4.tearspiecebusnose4、[z]发这个音的字母和字母组合zssez:zerozebrazoos:bagsphotossistersse:noserose根据发音规则，圈出每组中2个发[z]的单词。1.zoofreezelickcase2.gameplaybusyshoes3.dognoserosemeat4.tearspeanuteaglezero音标[k][g][s][z]一．抄写音标，一个抄写5遍。[k]：[g]：[s]：[z]：____26 二.将下列没有相同发音的词找出来()1.carstayneckclock()2.gasgivedrivebag()3.seabossricecook()4.lickzoorosezero()5.tearsfreezedeskbusy三.写出单词或音标。［rais］[nәuz][sneik][gra:s]_________________________________________[gɔlf][gla:s][kɔk][ki:]_________________________________________legcakericemouse_________________________________________nosebaggetkite_________________________________________四.把下列单词与音标用线连接起来。socks["gigl]giggle[gәust]ghost[sɔks]face[t∫i:z]cheese[feis]五.根据翻译提示。（1）Daisyisthe[desk]ondancingMiss.________________________________Daisy小姐正在桌子上跳舞。（2）name["sneik]isMy.____________________________________我的名字叫做蛇。（3）a["bi:]I"mbusy.____________________________________我是一只忙碌的小蜜蜂。Lesson8辅音音标[∫][3][t∫][d3]1、[∫]发这个音的字母和字母组合sshs:sugarsuresh:shipsheepwashcashshopshe根据发音规则，圈出下列单词中发[∫]的2个单词。1.shellshipwatchdesk2.truckshirtskirtship3.brushcarratsheepsleep4.heroshapestreetshelf2、[3]发这个音的字母和字母组合ss:television,usually,Asiameasureagarage,anunusualcollision;agreatdecision;26 mypleasure根据发音规则，圈出下列单词中发[3]的2个单词。1.shellshipgaragedesk2.truckshirtpleasureship3.brushcasualsheepsleep4.heroshapeleisureshelf3、[t∫]发这个音的字母和字母组合chtchch:teacherpeachcherrychairtch:watchmatch根据发音规则,找出下列单词中发[t∫]的单词，并抄下来。chairdumplingbeachcheesenightshemonkeyChinachurchtheseflowereggdreamsharkchickcatch4、[d3]发这个音的字母和字母组合gjdgeg:gingergiraffej:jumpjobjamge:orangecabbagecage根据发音规则,圈出下列单词中发[d3]的单词。egggiraffedragongrasscabbagejobgiftgateorangedrugjeansgun音标[∫][3][t∫][d3]练习一．抄写音标，一个抄写5遍。[∫]：[3]：[t∫]：[d3]：_____二.选出下列具有相同发音的单词。()1.shellwatchshipsee()2.shellpleasuresicktreasure()3.chairChinaMonkeydream()4.jobgiftdoorcabbage()5.grasschickstartjeans三.写出单词或音标。［d3æm］[pi:t∫][∫ip][wɔ∫]________________________________________fishsheepshecatch_________________________________________peachchickshoeswatch_________________________________________Lesson9音标[f][v][θ][ð]1、[f]发这个音的字母和字母组合fffphgh26 f:fivefanflowerfishfourleafff:giraffeph:phoneelephantphotogh:laugh选出下列单词中不发[f]的单词，写在横线上。knifeflowerfootfishpickgetphotogiraffelaughleaf1、[v]发这个音的字母和字母组合vvev:videovasevestve:fiveloveviolin根据发音规则,在不发[v]的单词上打×violinmovevotewindowvanvolcanowhitewomanvictorywetwavevase2、[θ]发这个音的字母和字母组合thth:threethinthirdteethmouth根据发音规则，圈出不发[θ]的单词。1．fatherthreemathsthirsty2.mouththroatThursdaybrother3.thinkthirstymotherthousand4.thinthicktheyteeth4、[ð]发这个音的字母和字母组合thth:fathermotherbrotherclothesweather根据发音规则，圈出每组中发[ð]的1个单词。1．thansisterbrotherthree2.weatherthanknightgood3.tielookteeththey4.thinfatherthroatwatch音标[f][v][θ][ð]的练习一．抄写音标，一个抄写5遍。[f]：[v]：[θ]：[ð]：______________二.将下列没有相同发音的词找出来()1.footknifepickfish()2.windowmovevotevase()3.threefanthousandthin()4.fatherthembrotherwatch()5.finishvanfoolfat三.写出单词或音标。26 ［"brΛðә］[keid3][vest][heә][kɔk][ti:θ][zi:p][la:f]fivesevenfootfatmouththirtythreefather四.选出下列每题中有几种读音。A.一种B.二种C.三种D.四种()1.footroomleafvase()2.vestfivelikelove()3.shippeapickhike()4.thumbcutbrothermother()5.theythinmathsmouthLesson10辅音音标［ts］[dz][tr][dr]发这个音的字母和字母组合tstests:seatsgoatscoatscatspetseatstes:gateskitesdatestastes根据发音规则，找出发[ts]的4个单词写在后面的横线上。sandswoodsbootsbirdshatscarratshandsbedsfriendsratsseedskids2、[dz]发这个音的字母和字母组合dsdesds:seedswoodsfriendsbirdsbedsdes:rides根据发音规则，找出发[dz]的5个单词写在后面的横线上。coatshandscatskitesbedswordspetskidsseatshorsesandsgates3、[tr]发这个音的字母和字母组合trtr:treetrucktrousersstrawberrytrick根据发音规则，找出没有发[tr]的3个单词写在后面的横线上。seatstrucktraintrashtractordrinkstreetdrugtrousers4、[dr]发这个音的字母和字母组合drdr:drawdrinkdriverdragondry根据发音规则，找出每组中发[dr]的2个单词写在后面的横线上。1.dreamduckdressrain2.ratdraindrugdoor3.treetreasuredrawerdrink4.truckdragondishdrum音标［ts］[dz][tr][dr]的练习一.抄写音标，一个抄写5遍。26 ［ts］：[dz]：[tr]：[dr]：______________二.选出下列选项中具有相同发音的两个单词。()()1.dreamshoesdrinkpopcorn()()2.truckthirstybathtrash()()3.bedspetswordsgates()()4.birdsbootsratsfriends()()5.drugdrainraindish三.写出单词或音标。［"draivә］[train][wuds][kaits][træ∫][drɔ:][gәuts][‘frendz]hatsitshandsshirtsbedsbirdsheadstreedresstrycatscarrots四.把下列单词和音标用线连起来。[kәuts］trousers[si:dz]coats[træ∫]seeds["draivә]trash[trauzәz]driverLesson11辅音音标[h][r][l][m]1、[h]发这个音的字母和字母组合hwhh:heherheadhearthairhamwh:whowhose根据发音规则，把下列单词中不发[h]的找出来。1.hamhatwhite()2.horsewhalewho()3.wheatholehair()2、[r]发这个音的字母和字母组合rrrwrr:riceroomrideroadroserr:mirrorcarrotparrotwr:writewrongwrap根据发音规则，选出发[r]的单词，打√。1.breaddriverwrongrainworker2.riverfatherrobotropesister3.writefruitrabbitcrowndrum3、[l]发这个音的字母和字母组合llll:looklightlockluckyliontailll:ballpulldollartell26 根据发音规则，选出每组中不发[l]的单词。1.lampnailflagwoman()2.yellowfruitlionlychee()3.grapebulllaughlake()4.dumplingmoonwheelwhale()3、[m]发这个音的字母和字母组合mmbm:mouthmousemilkmonkeymoonmoneymummb:climbcombthumb音标[h][r][l][m]的练习一．抄写音标，一个抄写5遍。[h]：[r]：[l]：[m]：__________二.写出单词或音标。[hed][rait][lait][teil][ku:l][riη][mu:n][hæm]hearthairhorseroomschoollatelikeballlaughnoodlehomeham三.把下列单词用线连接起来。parrot[′pærәt]heart[lɔk]lock[ha:t]dollar[klaim]climb[′dɔlә]四.读下列单词，选出发[r]音的单词，并写在下面的横线上。whitehairwrongdrumfatherlionrabbitlaughwhaleroperaindrivecombmirrorswim五.将下列单词连成句子，并将音标部分写成单词。(1)hear[rivә]Icanthe(2)Lillytoandlanghlittle[krai]lovesLesson12音标[n][η][w][j]1、[n]发这个音的字母和字母组合nkngnn:nosenetnutbanananoodlestrainrainplanedownkn:kneeknifeknockgn:sign根据发音规则，找出发[n]的单词并抄下来。1.mirrorwheelyesknock2.mallhenlaughnut3.earringsplanewingbread2、[η]发这个音的字母和字母组合nng26 n:inkbanktankfingerng:singhangsongkingreadingrunning根据发音规则，从下列每组中找出2个发[η]的单词。1．netringfingermeat2.tennismouthsongswing3.dumplingwingrunnail4.hangswiminknote3、[w]发这个音的字母和字母组合w:winterwindowwatchwaterwellwouldwh:whitewherewhichwhenwhywheelwhale根据发音规则，选出每组中不发[w]音的1个单词。1.woodwritewheelwhich2.wheatsnowwetwoman3.whitewindownowwhy4.whalewaterwatchrow4、[j]发这个音的字母和字母组合yy:yo-yoyogurtyardyesyouyour根据发音规则，找出发[j]的单词写在下面横线上。cryyouyourskyyellowlorrymoneyjellytoyboyyogurtsoy音标[n][η][w][j]的练习一．抄写音标，一个抄写5遍。[n]：[η]：[w]：[j]：___________二.写出单词或音标。［nais］[wɔt∫][wɔ:tә][bæηk][riη][ja:d][jip][net]bankthinknoserainswingkingwetwherewhatyardyesyour三.把下列单词用线连起来。knee[hæη]hang[ni:]yolk[jәuk]whale[iηk]ink[weil]四.在下列单词中找出发［n］音的单词并抄下来。knockbreadmirrorbanknutinkplaneneckrowskynoodlenoseboyscrywaterkneeparkhe26 Lesson13拼读练习拼读原则→元音（子音）+辅音（母音）（后母接前子）/i:/bee/bi:/feet/fi:t/keep/ki:p/key/ki:/team/ti:m/meet/mi:t//i/it/it/big/big/city/siti/give/giv/sick/sik//e/get/get/best/best/text/tekst/help/help//æ/fat/fæt/have/hæv/cat/kæt/back/bæk/hat/hæt//a:/laugh/la:f/glass/gla:s/half/ha:f/farm/fa:m/park/pa:k//ɔ:/horse/hɔ:s/saw/sɔ:/corn/kɔ:n/course/kɔ:s/salt/sɔ:t//ɔ/dog/dɔg/pot/pɔt/cost/kɔst/what/wɔt/honest/′ɔnist//u:/food/fu:d/moon/mu:n/rule/ru:l/loose/lu:s/noon/nu:n//u/book/buk/put/put/good/gud/would/wud/could/kud//ʌ/must/mʌst/does/dʌz/money/′mʌni/ugly/′ʌgli/come/kʌm//ə:/nurse/nə:s/bird/bə:d/burn/bə:n/turn/tə:n/girl/gə:l//ə/better/betə/never/nevə/worker/wə:kə/welcome/welkəm//ei/may/mei/name/neim/game/geim/eight/eit/age/eidʒ//əu/no/nəu/home/həum/hope/həup/wrote/rəut/note/nəut/pose/pəuz//ai/eye/ai/time/taim/buy/bai/right/rait/bike/baik/kite/kait//au/now/nau/out/aut/how/hau/about/ə′baut/south/sauθ/house/haus//ɔi/boy/bɔi/toy/tɔi/noise/nɔiz/voice/vɔis/point/pɔint/coin/kɔin//iə/ear/iə/near/niə/idea/ai′diə/hear/hiə/mere/miə/spear/spiə//εə/air/εə/tear/tεə/care/kεə/dare/dεə/fair/fεə/there/ðεə//uə/tour/tuə/poor/puə/sure/ʃuə/moor/muə/(停泊)your/juə//p/pea/pi:/pie/pai/top/tɔp/cap/kæp/people/pi:pl/pride/praid//b/bee/bi:/by/bai/buy/bai/black/blæk/bear/bεə//t/let/let/sat/sæt/feet/fi:t/team/ti:m/tide/taid//d/led/led/sad/sæd/feed/fi:d/do/du:/dear/diə//k/lack/læk/take/teik/clock/klɔk/class/kla:s/weekend/′wi:kend//g/big/big/lag/læg/glass/gla:s/gum/gʌm/good/gud/guest/gest//f/face/feis/fast/fa:st/leaf/li:f/surf/sə:f/favorite/′feivərit//v/very/′veri/five/faiv/fever/′fi:və/serve/sə:v/never/′nevə//θ/bath/ba:θ/(v洗澡)thick/θik/mouth/mauθ/breath/breθ/(n呼吸)thought/θɔ:t/author/´ɔθə/truth/tru:θ//ð/the/ðə/they/ðei/that/ðæt/mother/′mʌðə/thus/ðʌs/then/ðen//s/face/feis/mouse/maus/cakes/keiks/caps/kæps/likes/laiks/stops/stɔps//z/close/kləuz/keys/ki:z/boys/bɔiz/pens/penz/halves/ha:vz//tʃ/catch/kætʃ/cheep/tʃi:p/rich/ritʃ/watch/wtʃ/child/tʃaild/question/kwestʃən/teach/ti:tʃ/challenge/tʃlindʒ//dʒ/orange/′ɔridʒ/large/la:dʒ/juice/dʒu:s/job/dʒɔb//tr/tree/tri:/try/trai/true/tru:/trouble/traubl/track/træk//dr/dry/drai/dream/dri:m/dress/dres/drink/driŋk/hundred/′hʌndrid//ʃ/she/ʃi:/sharp/ʃa:p/fish/fiʃ/shock/ʃɔk/shoe/ʃu://ʒ/pleasure/′pleʒə/measure/′meʒə/television/′teliviʒən//ts/let′s/lets/sports/spɔ:ts/puts/puts/writes/raits/seats/si:ts/26 /dz/hands/hændz/birds/bə:dz/friends/freindz/beds/bedz/stands/stændz//h/he/hi:/hard/ha:d/him/him/heard/hə:d/half/ha:f//l/like/laik/late/leit/learn/lə:n/lead/li:d/light/lait//m/my/mai/more/mɔ:/seem/si:m/meat/mi:t/mind/maind/men/men//n/nice/nais/wind/waind/mind/maind/rain/rein/fine/fain//ŋ/sing/siŋ/wing/wiŋ/ring/riŋ/long/lɔŋ/beautiful/bju:təfl//j/you/ju:/few/fju:/yard/ja:d/music/′mju:zik/student/′stju:dnt/excuse/ik′skju:z//w/work/wə:k/way/wei/well/wel/what/wɔt/twelve/twelv/twin/twin//r/red/red/road/rəud/write/rait/wrong/rɔŋ/problem/′prɔbləm/Lesson14自然发音※26个字母在单词中的发音规则。我们学习自然发音，所谓自然发音就是基本无需看音标就会读单词，自然发音的第一种情况，就是一般情况下字母在单词中都是发这种音，掌握这些规则，就成功了70%。Aa[æ]bag,cat,jamBb[b]bat，bed,boyCc[K]can,car,coatDd[d]dog,door,duckEe[e]bell,desk,redFf[f]face,fan,foodGg[g]game,girl,legHh[h]hat,hari,hopeIi[i:]bid,kiss,sixJj[dʒ]job,july,jumpKk[k]key,king,kiteLl[l]lake,leaf,lightMm[m]man,mask,meatNn[n]name,neck,nightOo[ɔ:]cold,rose,smokePp[p]pig,pen,porkQq[kw]quit,queen,questionRr[r]rabbit,rain,rightSs[s]sale,sea,busTt[t]table,time,pointUn[ʌ]cup,luck,sunVv[v]vase,voice,gloveWw[w]watch,web,workXx[ks]box,ax,oxYy[j]yellow,yes,youngZz[z]zero,zoo,size26  Lesson15特殊情况的发音技巧常见字母组合在单词中的读音：是由两个字母搭配而成的一种固定组合1.两个辅音字母在一起，通常只发其中一个辅音字母的音。两个不同的辅音字母在一起时，只发其中一个辅音字母的音。如：wrightknowsignbomb两个相同的辅音字母在一起时，只发其中一个辅音字母的音。如：lettercopperclassladder另外：两个辅音字母在一起时，两个辅音字母也可都发音。如：itselfsoftacceptalmost2.两个元音字母在一起，通常只发其中一个元音字母的基本音。两个元音字母在一起时，发第一个元音字母的基本音。如：boatpeoplesoulsea两个元音字母在一起时，发第二个元音字母的基本音。如：greatbelieveheight3.辅音字母+le时，辅音字母前边的元音字母经常发长音。如：ableeaglepeopletitlenoble辅音字母+le时，辅音字母前边的元音字母有时也可发短音。如：coupledoublepossible4.两个辅音前的元音字母经常发短音。两个相同的辅音字母前的元音字母发短音。如：carrylittlebosssummer两个不同的辅音字母前的元音字母发短音。如：actneckliftsoft有时两个辅音字母前的元音字母发长音。如：almosteastfeastcoast5.字母c在e,i,y前边读[s]，其他读作[k]。如：cellcentrecitycinemacyclecynic其他：catcakecall6.字母g在e,i,y前边读[dV]，其他读作[g]。如：ageagent26 giantgingymtechnology其他：goodget7.字母组合tisici不在字的第一个音节时读[F]。如：actionattentionancientofficialAsianmission其他：activedecidedecision8.s后的清辅音[k][p][t]要浊化为[g][b][d]音。如：skyskillstopstudentspacesport9.字母组合ai一般发[ei][e][i]音。如：[ei]straight[e]said[i]Britainmountain10.字母组合er发长音[ə:]和短音[ə]两种情况：在重读音节中er一般发长音[ə:]在弱读音节中一般发短音[ə]如：[ə:]person  prefer  thermos[ə]father teacherletter11.字母组合ea发[iə][i:][e]音。如:[iə]realreallyidea[i:]teabeatheat[e]breadheadspread12.字母组合oo的发音。如：[u]classroombedroomgoodfootstoodwoodwooltookbooklookcook[u:]moonnoonfoodboot注意：room[u:]classroom[u]13.字母组合or发[ɔ:]和[ə:]两种音。如：[ɔ:]horsenorcorn[ə:]worseworstworkworld[ə]forgettutor26 14.字母组合ou常发  [au][ʌ]如:[au]loudcounthouse   [ʌ]doubletroublecountryenough    在ght前发[ɔ:]foughtthoughtbought  少数情况发[u]couldwouldshould  特例：[au]south和  [ʌ]southern15.字母组合tion有两种发音[tʃn],[ʃən]如:[tʃn]question[ʃən]situationnationinvitation16.字母组合ng发[η]和[ηɡ]两种音如:[ηɡ]hungry  angry  English finger[η] sing  singersong字母n可发[n]和[η]两种音.一般来说，n发[n]音，但ng常发[η]，n后面的发音若为[k]、[ɡ]，这时，n的发音也是[η]如：thinkthank17.有些单词中某些字母不发音如：hourclimbbuildgrandpaChristmasknowlisten失音规则：某一个或者几个音脱落，把单词短语和句子快速连缀成串。三、音标测试一、   把下列音标分类。[i:][d][dz][e][s][g][u:][m][ai][w][ә][v][ɔ:][ŋ][ei][z][i][t∫][b][a:][:][f][aʊ][θ][ʊ][l][Λ][j][V][eә][tr][h][iә][dV][t][ɒ][ts][ʊә][p][ð][n][∫][æ][k][ɔi][r][әʊ][dr]元音：辅音：二、从下面四个音素中选出你听到的音标。1、（）A、[i:]B、[i]C、[ә]D、[ei]2、（）A、[Λ]B、[æ]C、[a:]D、[ai]3、（）A、[ei]B、[ai]C、[ɔi]D、[iә]4、（）A、[u]B、[u:]C、[ɔ]D、[ɔ:]26 5、（）A、[iә]B、[uә]C、[eә]D、[әu]6、（）A、[t∫]B、[∫]C、[s]D、[z]7、（）A、[m]B、[ŋ]C、[n]D、[l]8、（）A、[l]B、[r]C、[j]D、[n]9、（）A、[u]B、[w]C、[j]D、[v]10、（）A、[s]B、[z]C、[ts]D、[dz]三、从下面四个选项中选出你听到的单词音标。()1.A、[ten]B、[tem]C、[tәn]D、[tәm]()2.A、[siŋ]B、[θiŋ]C、[∫iŋ]D、[ziŋ]()3.A、[mi:]B、[wi:]C、[ni:]D、[ti:]()4.A、[t∫ip]B、[kip]C、[θi:p]D、[ni:p]()5.A、[bif]B、[bif]C、[dif]D、[pif]()6.A、[bɔiz]B、[vɔis]C、[pɔin]D、[tɔiz]()7.A、[lait]B、[nait]C、[leit]D、[neit]()8.A、[∫iә]B、[t∫iә]C、[pin]D、[bin]()9.A、[ek]B、[ædz]C、[eidЗ]D、[aiz]()10.A、[lait]B、[rait]C、[laiv]D、[raiv]四、从下列四个选项中选出所给单词的正确读音。()1.setA、[set]B、[sit]C、[sәt]D、[sæt]()2.courtA、[kut]B、[kәut]C、[kɔ:t]D、[sit]()3.betterA、[΄betз:]B、[΄bætә]C、[be΄ta:]D、[΄betә]()4.duckA、[dΛk]B、[dæk]C、[duk]D、[du:k]()5.tankA、[sæŋk]B、[tiŋk]C、[teŋk]D、[tæŋk]()6.mouseA、[maus]B、[mәus]C、[mus]D、[mΛs]()7.cryA、[srai]B、[krai]C、[kri]D、[krei]()8.whereA、[wiә]B、[wi:]C、[heә]D、[weә]()9.deepA、[di:p]B、[dip]C、[dep]D、[dәp]()10.echoA、[ә΄kәu]B、[΄ekә]C、[΄ekәu]D、[æ΄kәu]五、根据音标，选择正确的单词。Applefeetbearkeepheadwhitedeskelephantlampmouse/beә//wait//΄æpl//ki:p/26 /hed//΄elifәnt//maus//fi:t//desk//læmp/六、从B栏找出与A栏对应的单词或音标并连线。1、AB2、ABhurry[baik][θiŋ]goathurt[keik][dɔg]pearlook[΄hΛri][gәut]thingcake[luk][feis]dogbike[hә:t][peә]face七、写出下列单词中的元音音标并用横线划出字母组合1、sea_______ 2、this_______ 3、desk_______  4、happy_______    5、hard_______6、box_______ 7、floor_______ 8、put_______  9、book_______   10、wood_______11、June_______ 12、shoot_______ 13、two_______ 14、much_______15、study_______16、other_______ 17、earth_______ 18、work_______19、sir_______ 20、woman_______21、ruler_______ 22、about_______ 23、age_______ 24、face_______ 25、play_______26、time_______ 27、sky_______ 28、ice_______ 29、boy_______ 30、voice_______31、old_______ 32、home_______ 33、snow_______34、out_______ 35、south_______36、cow_______ 37、here_______ 38、near_______ 39、chair_______40、where_______41、joy_______42、sure_______ 43、poor_______ 44、quite_______ 45、day_______46、come_______ 47、kite_______ 48、flag_______ 49、bag_______ 50、thank_______51、nose_______ 52、long_______ 53、light_______ 54、worker_______ 55、yes_______56、light_______ 57、write_______ 58、moon_______ 59、whose_______60、lunch_______61、three_______ 62、knife_______ 63、city_______  64、zoo_______ 65、girl_______ 八、找出画线部分读音不同的单词，并写出划线部分的音标()1.A.teaB.meatC.weatherD.beach()2.A.backB.fastC.haveD.map()3.A.warmB.gardenC.marketD.party()4.A.schoolB.toothC.chooseD.good()5.A.bookB.moodyC.lookD.cook()6.A.JuneB.rulerC.putD.menu()7.A.pushB.funC.sunD.ugly()8.A.tigerB.herC.officerD.over()9.A.goB.noC.coldD.hot()10.A.likeB.lionC.pizzaD.Friday()11.A.cakeB.faceC.appleD.late()12.A.meB.legC.bedD.set()13.A.hutB.rulerC.duckD.cup26 ()14.A.clockB.hotC.goD.sock()15.A.headB.deadC.deafD.sea()16．A．littleB．thingC．whiteD．with()17．A．yellowB．brownC．windowD．know()18．A．worryB．skyC．onlyD．many()19．A．schoolB．chairC．ChinaD．much()20．A．theseB．theyC．brotherD．three()21.A.brotherB.comeC.policeD.mothers()22.A.cinemaB.climbC.sisterD.film()23.A.theseB.bathC.thinkD.health()24.A.morningB.colorC.workD.doctor()25.A.basementB.favoriteC.basketD.table()26.A.islandB.smallC.askD.helps()27.A.mouthB.dangerousC.thousandD.about()28.A.beachB.mealC.theatreD.leave()29.A.howB.snowC.tomorrowD.own()30.A.largeB.languageC.giraffeD.great()31.A.bigB.itC.littleD.kite()32.A.homeB.noseC.someD.hope()33.A.gotB.motherC.lotD.clock()34.A.mostB.loveC.brotherD.glove()35.A.butB.studentC.duckD.must26