考研英语作文精选必背作文素材[修订] 34页

考研英语作文精选必背作文素材文章来源:h((p://hi.baidu.com/new/shcng(singhua整理：省省清华第一节：九大原则词汇一、金钱原则词汇资产assetv.浪费beextravagant预算budgetn.消费uuconsumergoods贵重的costlya.存钱depositvt.经济负担economicburden经济困难economicdifficulty花费expendvt.奢侈的extravaganta.资助financen.接受某人的资助经济资助financeaid给某人经济资助资金紧张financestrain某部门资金紧张政府税收governmentrevenue医疗保健healthcare政府的医疗保健无家可归homeless饥饿hungern.收入incomen.保险insurancen.投资investv.失业者joblessn.下岗工人laid-offworker滥用lavishv.有限的公共资金limitedpublicfunds赚钱的lucrativea.豪华的luxuriousa.挥霍money-consuminga.拜金主义的money-orienteda.必需品necessityn.贫困的needya.透支overdraftv.抵押pawnv.财产property节约紧缩开支retrenchvi.赢利的profitablea.津贴subsidizev.纳税人taxpayer福利welfare二、健康原则词汇有氧运动aerobicexercise平衡饮食balanceddiet冇害健康的bephysicallydamaging过于肥胖的bloated致癌的cancer-causing食肉类的carnivorousadj慢性的chronic方便食品conveniencefood治愈cure头昏眼花的dizzy危及endangervt精力充沛的energeticadj.传染病epidemics根除eradicatevt.使恶化exasperatevt. 过量摄入excessiveintake排气exhaust疲劳fatiguen.高脂肪高热量highfatandcalorie免疫的immune绝症incurabledisease消化不良indigestion懒惰的indolentadj.传染病infectiousdisease失眠症insomnian.垃圾食品junkfood慢跑jog预期寿命lifeexpectancy减肥loseweight疾病malady营养不良malnutrition医学的medical近视near-sighted营养ii?inourishmentn.器官移植organtransplant超更overweight预防prevention治疗"treatment肿瘤tumor提供营养nourish卡路里calorie饥饿starvation营养不良malnutrition三、智力原则词汇农达能力abilityofexpression洞察力acumen熟练的adept赏识appreciatevt.评价assessmentn.智力brainsn发挥才Tbringintothetalents证书certificaten.创造性的creativeadj培养cultivatevt.识别力discernmentn.天资endowmentn.开发explorevt.幻想的fantasticadjB理想主义idealismn.个性individualityn.天赋inherencen.本能的instinctiveadj.智商intelligencequotient冇文化literacy掌握mastervt.值得称赞的品质meritn.激情passionn.观点perspectiven. 充分发挥putintogreatplay素质教冇qualityeducation荒谬的ridiculousadj.生存能力survivalability依赖科技的technology-dependentadj.远程教育tclc-cducationn.思维模式thinkingpattern智慧witn.四、文化原则词汇传统与现代巧妙结合acleverblendoftraditionalandmodern同一的世界文化ahomogenousworldculture归丿肉感asenseofbelonging土著文化aboriginalculture吸取精华absorbthequintessence吸收absorb美学价值aesthetic祖先ancestor古代的ancient人类学家anthropologists陈IH观念antiquatedidea艺术价值artisticvalue同化assimilatevt.丰富的beabundantadj.传递bepasseddown灿烂光辉的文化brilliantandgorgeousculture发扬光大carryforward著名的celebrated特有的characteristicadj文明的civilizedadj.凝聚力cohesionn.文化摇篮cradleofculture培养cultivatevt.文化习惯culturalhabit文化遗产culturalheritage文化特性culturalidentity文化占迹culturalobjectsandhistoricrelics文化、精神和学术生活cultural,spiritual,andintellectuallife狂热的崇拜cultn.恰当的指引properguidance确立establishmentn.破坏devastatevt.合理化rationalization被迫forcevt.知识的传播diffusionn.扌氐挡住诱惑resistthetemptation合理的legalityadj.多样性diversityn.民族文化特色ethnicandculturalidentity节H气氛festivityn.危险的行为riskybehaviors行为榜样rolemodel单亲家庭single-parentfamily限制，压力,隐私limitn./vt.pressuren.privacyn.民间艺术folkart宠坏的spoiledadj.正直的righteous adj.文化全球一体化globalizationofculture博大精深greatandprofound手工艺handicraftn.历史文物historicrelics文盲illiteracy密切家庭感情strengtheningthefamilyties把虚幻当现实takefantasyforreality抚养upbringing受害者victimn.性別歧视sexualdiscriminations社会保障制度socialsecurity强制的compulsoryadj.八、时间原则词汇浪费时间agreatwasteoftime不朽的immortaladj.粗俗的vulgaradj.效率efficiencyn.正流行invogue根深蒂固的看法ingrainnotion继承inheritn.扫除文盲wipeoutilliteracy六、感情原则词汇充满深情的affectionateadj.沉湎于indulgein沉迷于beobsessedwith消磨时光passtime有意义的instructiveadj.忧虑anxietyn.自控self-controln.少数民族minorityn.孤独apartness n,自律self-discipline民族特性nationalidentity愉快的cheerfuladj.挤时间squeezetime民族自豪感nationalpride性格相似的congenialadj.占用takeup思想开放opcn-niindcdadj.令人绝望的desperateadj.上瘾beaddictedto不流行了的outoffashion外來影响outsideinfluence缺乏自信的diffidentadj.彳亍为古怪的人eccentricadj.九、环保原则词汇人气污染atmosphericpollution通俗的popularadj.宝贵的preciousadj.情绪热情emotionn.enthusiasmn.被耗尽beexhausted美化beautificationn.取其精华去其糟粕rejectthedrossand忠实的faithfuladj. 污秽的begrimedadj.assimilatetheessence鼓励fostervt.化学物质chemicalsubstances表现、象征represent保护retentionn.vt.友好的friendlyadj.失败的frustrated条件保护conditionconserven.v(・社会学sociologyn.壮丽的splendidadj.时髦的stylishadj.隔阂gapn.和谐的harmoniousadj.怀有希望的hopefuladj.沙漠化desertification便恶化deterioratevt灭绝dieout表面的superficialadj.忽视ignorevt.一次性产品disposableproducts 传统文化教育traditionalculturaleducation虐待ill-treatvt.持久的，耐用的durableadj.以为骄傲takepridein种族传统tribaltraditions自卑的inferioradj. 牛■态平衡ecological&态系统ecologicalbalancesystem多样性varietyn.误会misunderstandingn.排放emitVt・五、道德原则词汇虐待abuse,乐观者optimistn.悲观的pessimisticadj.濒临灭绝的物种endangeredspecies能源触缺energyshortage女了斗的aggressiveadj.自私自利的人anegocentricperson反叛的rebellious浪漫的romanticadj.环保的environmentalistn.使加剧exacerbatevt.易受社会恶习的侵蚀bepronetosocialills诚挚sincerityn.风景landscapen.虐待儿童childabuse家庭暴力domesticviolence有深远的影响haveatremendousimpact无知ignorance紧张的strainedadj.充耳不闻turnadeafear不爱交际的unsociableadj.热心的warm-heartedadj.城市垃圾municipalrefuse 城市污水municipalsewage噪声污染noisepollution尽可能改善工作坏境optimizethe不成熟的immatureadj・忧虑worryn.T涉interventionn.七、权利原则词汇农药pesticide青少年的juvenileadj.扌冷责accusevt.有毒的poisonous松散的纪律laxdiscipline禁止banvt./n.污染物pollutantn・引入歧途的misleadingadj.公然侵5Ubrazenencroachment毁灭ruinv.天真的naive负面的影响negativerolemodel公正的candidadj.集体主义collectivismn.水土流失soilerosion土壤污染soilpollution不恰当的材料offensivematerial家t的过分宽容parentalpermissiveness秘密的confidentialadj.消费者协会consumerTsassociation废气wastegas废力Cwastewater罪perpetrate版权copyrightn.水体污染waterbodypollution不正当的pervertedadj・视为权利demandasone"sdue使变得更坏worsenv.第二节：生活话题分类词汇一、图表写作常用词汇★★表格图table；图表chart；diagramgraphcolumn描述：show;describe;illustrate;reveal;represent数字figure;数据statistic;百分percentage;比例proportion一般have10%;at20%;over40%在面积上inarea最高peaks;reachedapeak/highpoint 最彳氐bottomedout;reachedthebottom变化increase;jump;rise;climb;decrease;fall;drop;decline;reduce;fluctuate;remain;steady;stable;stay;same程度sudden/suddenly;rapid/rapidly;dramatic/dramatically;二、1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.关于生活体验等（常考，特别重要）★★★technologicalelementofproductuniversitystudents1innovativeundertakingwin-winsituationpioneeringspiritmakeChinapowerfulandstrong;产品科技含量大学生创业双贏局面首创精神振兴中华富裕繁荣购买力竞争1生活费用解决问题affluenceboombuyingpowercompetitioncostoflivingcrackthenutssignificant/significantly;sharp/sharply;steep/steeply;12・大家公认itisuniversallyacknowledgedthatgradual/gradually;slow/slowly;slight/slightly;stable/stably;almost;nearly;approximately;exactly;precisely；increaseby/decreaseby（写出变化幅度）合计200美元addupto$200总数达：addupto占世界总人数的20%makeup20%of从增加至ijrose/grew/c1imbedfrom-•-to增加到grewupto增至最高峰：Risetoahighof减少到decreaseto跌至最低谷：droptoalowof大幅度增长increasesharply飞速：rapidly；sharply；steeply高居榜首Topthelist/headthechart饼状图/圆形图（piechart）稳固卜■降steadydeclineill••-纟口成：consistof/bemadeupof/becomposedof占44%比例：accountfor/makeup44percent位居第一：rankthefirst仅次于issecondto居笫二位:insecondspot倒数笫一isthelastone笫二大部份rankthesecond/thesecondlargestsection与••相比：comparedwithA与B成比例AbeinproportiontoB差不多：About/around/roughly多达asmanyas正好：Exactly/precisely水平:leveloff递增:ontherise/increase/grow/rise/climb/goup急剧上升:growsharply;递减：onthedecline/decrease/fall/reduce/godown曲线图（gniph/chart/diagnim）柱状图（barchart）增力口:increase/grow/rise/climb/goup减少:decrease/decline/fall/reduce/godown剧烈/显著/大幅度：sharply/dramatically/significantly/rapidly/considerably/enormously/profoundly/substantially平稳/逐渐:steadily/gradually/slightly持续上升/卜降：onanincrease/onthedecline 保持彳、变：remainstable/remainsteady/remainunchanged上升后变得平稳：reachaplateau达到顶点/低谷：reachthetop/peak/falltothebottom波动：fluctuate/riseandfall达至lj了:reach/approach/addupto/amountto/increaseto/decreaseto某年发&的变化:1998saw/witnessedasharpincreasein--是1998年的2倍：wastwiceasmanyasthatin1998从图农上看：Fromthesegraphs得到结论：drawaconclusion13・全力以赴bringone"stalentintofullplay14.适应新的形势变化adapt/adjust/accommodateoneselftonewenvironment/change15.获得成功achieve/accomplishsuccess16.提出观点advance/putforward/comeupwitharguments/ideas17.较好地驾驭生活beabetterpilotofone"slife1&对很好的了解haveabetterunderstandingof19.把某种因素考虑进去takesth.Intoaccount/consideration;20.givemuchthoughtto21.品味人生/£］由/青春savorthelife/freedom/youth22.交流经验sharecxpcricncc/idcas/problcms/knowlcdgc23.发挥，起到积极作用playanimportant/active/greatrole/part24.面临困难危险beconfrontedwithdanger/difficulty;inthefaceof25.阳.碍了成功standinthewayofsuccess;beanobstacle/barrierto26.%占小差别narrow/fillthegap/gulf(betweencityandcountry)27.把成功/错误归因于attribute/oweone,ssuccess/failureto28.对重要bevital/important/indispensableto29.施加压力exert/putpressureon30.重视attach/assignmuchimportance/significanceto31•扌巴注意力集中在focus/concentrateone"sattention/effortsupon32・抓住机会grab/seize/taketheopportunity33・有可能thereis(little/much)possibility/likelihoodthat34.献身于devote/dedicate/commitoneselftoacause/career35.真正重要的是whatreallymatters/countsis36.影响思想，态度shapeoneTsthinking/attitude37.实现白己的理想，愿望realize/fulfill/achieveone,sdream/hope; 34.减轻压力，紧张reduce/alleviatethestress/pressure35.提i苗社会t也位upgradesocialstatus;enhancesocialposition40•加快，促进发展accelerate/advance/enhancethedevelopment41•随着牛活节奏的加快withthequickeningpaceofmodemlife42.充满激情haveaburningdesirefor43.充满渴望haveagreatpassionfor44.泪.丧的gloomy;客观的objective注观的subjective45.乐观的optimistic;悲观的pessimistic;46.怨恨的resentful;口］敬的respectable47.深远的影响fcir-reachingconsequences48.以其最强有力的形式initsstrongestform50.赡养父母51•普遍现象52.现代社会53.相互对立49.挣钱养活己earnone"slivingsupportone"sparentscommonphenomenonmodernsocietyinoppositiontoeachother54・不管nomatterhow55.如何对待财富与幸jfnhowtoapproachwealthandhappiness56.一个更美好更光明的未来amuchbetterandbrighterfuture57.从失败中吸収教训drawusefullessonsfrom58.丧失信心并退却了loseheartandgivein59.人民对待的看法截然不同peoplearequitedifferentfromeachotherintheiropinions60.无"J杏认thereisnodenyingthefactthat62.人才招聘会63.大势所趋64.一时冲动65.体力劳动61.赏识他的非凡的能力appreciatehisexceptionalabilityjob-huntingthewaveofthefutureanimpulseactivityphysicallabor66•灵活的flexible67•充分发挥的枳极性bringone"sinitiativeintofullplay三、关于教育的词汇（非常重要）★★★★1・入学enter；entrance2・登记；注册becomeamemberof；toenroll；enrollment；register；registration3.录取admission；beadmittedto；accept4.获取进一步教育obtainfurthereducation5.耍求；录取条件requirements6.录取标准admissionstandards7・学习成绩academicrecord；academicachievements&索耍中请材料requestforapplicationmaterial9.教育目标educationalgoals10.文凭diploma 11・学位degree12.教体制educationalsystem13.学前教育pre-schooleducation14.小学primaryschools；elementaryschools15.中学middleschools；highschools16.初屮juniormiddleschool；juniorh谊hschool17.髙中seniormiddleschool；seniorhighschool18•职业学校；技术学校vocationalschools；technicalschools19.大学；学院colleges；universities；institutes20.同样地；类似地likewise；similarly；inthesameway21.与相似；与一致；和等同bethesameas；correspondto；agreewith；resemble；beequivalentto22.相反;与不同;相比而言;另一方面;不过incontrast；bycontrastwith/to；ontheotherhand；onthecontrary；bycomparison23.与不同differentfrom24.不同Z处；差别；差异；区别distinction；dissimilarity；25.尖端科学advancedscience26.一流的设施first-ratefacilities27.扩大知识面broadenone"sscopeofknowledge28.人生观outlookonlife29.体验新文化experienceanewculture30.优缺点strengthsandweakness31.高素质、冇经验的老师highlyqualified,wellexperiencedteachingstaffs32.多文化multici山und33.脱颖而出standoutfromthecrowd34.核心能力corecompetencies35.独立思考thinkindependently36.挑战challenge37.机遇opportunities38.开阔视野expandyourhorizons39.为人交往integratewithotherpeople40.人际交往能力interpersonalskill41・建设性constructive42.前景prospects43.国际声誉worldclassreputation44.发挥学习潜能reachhisorherfulllearningpotential45.素质教育educationforall-rounddevelopment46.知识产权intelleckialpropertyrights 47失学儿童dropoutstudentijeliminateilliteracy人才外流braindrain复合型人才inter-disciplinarytalent教书冇人impartknowledgeandeducatepeople精神文明建设promoteculturalandideologicalprogress禾斗教;XI国relyonscienceandeducationtorejuvenatethenation因材施教teachstudentsaccordingtotheiraptitude义务教育compulsoryeducation知识经济knowledge-basedeconomy丰富生活enrichourlife扩大视野broadenmyhorizon接触各种思想beexposedtonewideas/experience产牛影响have/exertaprofoundinfluenceonlife/personality;haveadramatic/undesirableeffecton开阔眼界broadenone*soutlook;expandone"smentalhorizons充分发挥能力givefullplaytoone"sability论题，主题：themes人学毕业生universitygraduates儿童教育childeducation热门话题hottopic教育专家educationalexpert保护知识产权protectintellectualproperty成人教育和职业教育adulteducationandvocationaleducation文化素质culturalqualities推动giveapushto促进进步promoteprogress概念concept改进教和学improveteachingandlearning按刁｝数accordingtothegrades培养train,cultivate地区性的regional读写困难difficultiesforemployment就业机会opportunitiesforemployment受过良好教育well-educated遗憾的是itisapitythat造成了困难causesomedifficulties希望匚程HopeProject青年志愿者YoungVolunteers有用的知识usefulknowledge仓U新innovation分析的技巧analyticalskill四、关于住房、生活条件等的词汇★★1.生活条件livingconditions2.归因于beaUributcdto3.提高的能力enhancetheabilityto4.生活水平livingstandard5.刺激人们对的渴望stimulatepeopleJsdesirefor6.制定政策formulatepolicies7.向提供贷款grantloansto8.为…拨出大量资金allocatehugefundsfor9.象征serveasasymbolof10.改进生活betteroneJslife11•随着物价和房租迅速上升withthepricesandhouserentsincreasingrapidly 12.高层建筑highbuildings13.涌入城市rushintothecity14.前景不容乐观theconditionisstillfarfrombeingsatisfactory15.当务之急是itisurgentforusto…16・开拓地卜空间openupundergroundhousingarea17.住房问题housingproblem18.公寓flat19.买房buyaccommodation20.首付downpayment21.院了yard22.选择介适的房址chooseaproperlocation23.当地居民localresidents24.当地政府localauthorities25.计划牛育birthcontrol26.脱贫致富shakeoffpovertyandsetoutonaroadtoprosperity27.突围困难makebreakthroughoutofdifficulty28.许多问题ahostof/amultitudeofproblems29.引起人们的注意attractgeneral/publicattentiontosth.30・意识至ljthereisagrowingawarenessthat;19.随着物价和房租迅速上升withthepricesandhouserentsincreasingrapidly32•人均收入迅速提高averagepersonalincomeincreaserapidly33.人口的ill生率已经大大下降therehasbeenagreatdeclineinbirthrates34.人民牛活改善theimprovementinpeople，slivingconditions35.改革开放政策thereformandopening-uppolicy36.国民经济疋在迅速发展therehasbeenarapidexpansionofnationaleconomy出生率已得到控制thebirthratehasbeenputonthecontrol对的牛.存造成显箸的威胁causethemostsignificantthreattothesurvivalof...Fl益增长的需求ever-increasingdemand满足人民II益增长的需求meetthegrowingneedsofpeople死亡率/出生率deathrates;birthrates医疗保健的改革theimprovementinmedicalcare假冒伪劣商品fakeandinferiorproducts多余的redundant难以抗拒的irresistibly房地产realestates刺激spur动摇信心shatterconfidence大城市metropolis空调air-conditioning;air-conditioner;（空调机）远远超过farsurpass左右为难dilemma代价太高highcost-MFl俱增increaseeveryday 生活质量thequalityoflife偏远地区remoteareas高层建筑high-risingbuilding住房建设housingconstruction从长远的观点看inthelongrun境秒Icircumstance必然结论inevitableconclusion广大农木寸vastruralareas推丿spread把应用于牛产apply^toproduction温饱问题thepeople1sbasicneedforfoodandclothing消费者协会consumerassociation小鹿生活livingarelativelycomfortablelife不容忽视cannotbeignored牛活环境变得卫卞livingenvironmentbecomesanitary关于互联网的词汇★★★互联网theInternetviolence对…着迷，为…所闲扰网恋cyberromance对表现出极人的兴趣todisplaymuchinterestinconcern引起人们的兴趣和注意toarousepeople"sinterest找出的原因totracethereasonfoe..由于thanksto（好的方面）dueto（不好的方面） &高度的压力highpressure19.虐待儿childabuse9.被剥夺beobsessedwith10.在现实纶活中inreallife11.爱上某人tofallinlovewithsb.12.虚幻的世界unrealworld13.尝试新事物totrynewthings14.说谎totelllies15.形成正确态度developacorrectattitude16.正确利用tomakeproperuseof17•成为的牺牲品tofallvictimto12.网上经营webbusiness13.网上文化onlineculture14.大众传播媒介massmedia15.网上购物on-lineshopping16.发电了邮件forwardanc-mail23.网络经济24.网上冲浪25.技术进步26.跟得上变化CyberEconomysurfthenettechnologicaladvancementkeepupwiththechange27.计算机的发明inventionofcomputers28.信息安全informationsecurity29.盲目追逐时尚followsomefashionblindly30.形成不良活习气betemptedintoanunhealthylifestyle31.信息网络informationnetwork32.影响人们行为举止influencethewaythatpeoplebehave33.视觉娱怎节Tlvisualentertainment34.易受影响的susceptible35.科技的发展advanceinscienceandtechnology六、关于青少年犯罪和生活的词汇1•青少年犯罪率adolescentcrimerate2.持续上升keeponarise3.违反法律breakthelaw4.应该是resupposedtobe5.引起警惕和关注causealarmandattention6.放火纵火arson7.在大街上抢劫同龄人robtheirpeersonthestreet8.社会和经济背景socialandeconomicbackgrounds9.青少年罪犯youngoffenders10.青少年犯罪率的升降theriseandfallofadolescentcrimerate11・保扌寺在最彳氐人tremainataminimum 12.预测后果predicttheconsequences13.尽可能接受更多的教育receiveasmucheducationaspossible14.使他们免受暴力的影响protectthemfromtheinfluenceof15.将不良影响减小到最低点reducethebadinfluencetoaminimumtobedeprivedof16.避免不良后果avoidharshconsequences17.青少年犯罪juveniledelinquency18.拜金主义moneyworship19.人们认为itisgenerally/widelybelieved/held/agreedthat20.剥夺机会depriveoneselfofthechance/right21.电视暴力对青少年行为有很人的影响力violenceonTVhasagreatinfluenceonyoungadults"behavior22.为f维护社会治安inordertokeeplawandorder23.应该接受法律教育shouldbesupposedtogetalaweducation24.越来越多的人increasingnumberofpeople25.流行的，时尚的faddy26.提供营养nourish27.饥饿starvation28.营养不良malnutrition七、关于自然生态环境保护的词汇(99、()0真题)1.保护环境toprotecttheenvironment2.生态系统ecology;ecologicalsystem3.丰富的自然资源abundantnaturalresources4.可再牛资源renewableresources5.石汕petroleum;太阳能solarenergy;电力electricpower;水电hydropower;风能windenergy;核能nuclearenergy；6.野生动物wildlife;wildanimals7.濒临灭绝的物种endangeredspecies8.丿IJ尽todeplete;depletionof;exhaust;useup9.滥用地球资源abusetheearthsresources10.砍伐森林deforestation11.沙漠化desertification12.危害现存物种endangerexistingspecies13.全球变暖globalwarming14.温室效应greenhouseeffect15.破坏臭氧层todestroytheozonelayer16.继续发展tocontinuetodevelop;17.保护tosave;topreserve;preservation1&为了子#J后彳弋forthefuturegenerations;forourdescendants 12.为进一步发展forfurtherdevelopment13.重复利用：再牛torecycle;recycling14.垃圾garbage；废物waste15.工业废料industrialwaste16.废液liquidwaste；废水waterwaste；废气exhaustgas 24.可持续发展sustainabledevelopment；25.解决问题solveproblem26.能源危机energycrisis27.环境恶化thedeteriorationofenvironment2&携手makejointefforts29.可居住habitable30.生态环境破坏destructionofecologicalbalance31•大量砍伐树木cutdownlargenumbersoftrees32.化工厂chemicalplant33.污染contaminaten.34.排出一人堆废水drainalargeamountofwastewater35.发Hl强烈的味道giveoffastrongsmell36.公共危害publichazard37.采取强烈措施adoptseveralstrongmeasures3&—系列的环境保护条例必须制定aseriesofenvironmentprotectionrulesandregulationsneedtobelaiddown39.尽快assoonaspossible40・保护牛•态环境preservetheecologicalenvironment41.控制我们的环境takecontroloverourenvironment42.因而遭受痛苦beplaguedwith43.产牛灾难性的影响exertadisastrouseffecton44.全球气候globalclimate45.山洪爆发mountaintorrentsbreakout46.淹没农IIIfloodfarmland47.席卷sweep4&混浊不清unclearandimpure49.深受其害sufferagreatdealfrom50.造成巨大损失/灾难bringaboutalotoflosses/disasters51.向政府呼吁appealtothegovernment52.建立一笔基金setupafoundation53.保护森林资源protectforestresources54.依法严惩punishseverelybythelaw55.鼓励市民encouragecity-residents56.极具严重的问题extremelyseriousproblem57.空气污染airpollution58.采取冇力扌普施takestrongmeasuretodealwith59.众所周知asisknowntoall60.缺乏淡水lackoffreshwater61・工业公司industrialcompany62.做出了重要贡献havemadegreatcontributionto63.工业的发展thedevelopmentofindustry64.造成了许多公害poseahostofpublichazards65.导致了严重的后果leadtograveconsequences66.小沙丘sandhills 67.标题上写着thecaptionreads68.水土保持waterandsoilconservation69・赴走drivesb.away70.与战斗fightagainst71・任由态势发展letthissituationgoasitis72.遭受破坏73.温室效应sufferagreatdestructiongreenhouseeffect74.不断发展ever-accelerated75.犬气预报weatherforecast76.A阳能solarenergy77.承担takeover78.功能function79.追求眼前利益pursueone"sshort-terminterest80.山区mountainareas81.生态恶化deteriorationoftheecology82.酸雨acidrain83.提高人们环境意识raisepeoplesawarenessoftheenvironment84.保护生态环境environmentalprotection85.用尽珍贵的资源useupvaluableenergyresources86.保存资源conserveresources八、关于吸烟的词汇（样题）1・惊人的增长analarmingincrease2.工业国家industrialcountries3.发展屮国家developingcountries4.肺癌lungcancer5.慢性支气管炎和肺气肿chronicbronchitisandemphysema6.死于，因……而死亡dieof7.抽烟引起的疾病smoking-relateddiseases&戒朋giveupsmoking9.为/forthesakeof10.想尽一切办法tryeverymeans11・提高牛产promotetheproduction12.急剧增长sharpincrease13.将视为portray...as14.asymboloffashion时尚的象征15.养成这种习惯pickupthehabit16・严重后果theseriousconsequences9.产生某种结果resultin10.心脏病heartattack11.对有害doharmto害大于利：domoreharmthangood12.限制putrestrictionson…13.个人的事privatebusiness 22・死于肺癌dieoflungcancer危害人民健康带來许多问题endangerpeople"shealthbringsaboutalotofproblems和的关系therelationshipbetween烟草生产和消费cigaretteproductionandconsumption人人超过substantiallyexceeds心脏病heartdisease关于电视、广告和媒体牛产厂商和消费者manufacUireandcustomer信息交流informationexchange帮助人们跟上最新发展helppeopletokeepabreastwiththelatestdevelopment推丿-产品promoteandpopularizenewproduct商业竟争commercialcompetition介绍科学技术新发展introducenewdevelopmentofscienceandtechnology视觉亨受visualenjoyment抢得市场先机competefortheshareofmarket广告宣传单leafletandhandout鼓吹不正确的消费观念advocateincorrectwaysofconsumption不如实说明misrepresent虚假的fictitious欺骗性deceptive夸人的exaggerating误导人misleading导致leadto;giveriseto盗版VCDpiratedVCD关于运动身体健康身体上的physically心理上的psychologically首要目标primarygoal渴望竟争eagerforcompetition培养责任感developastrongsenseof职业运动员professionalathlete个人的农现individualperformance提高技能improveskill参与运动beinvolvewithsports接触性运动contactsports投于thrustintoahighlycompetitivegame过分注重J：getsocaughtupin 愉快的经历apleasurableexperience放松relax15、娱乐amusements16、性格培养character-training17^势均力敌的比赛aclosegame18、传达passonto19>有潜能havepotential20、体形,身材figure21>大众健康generalhealth22>申办奥运会bidfortheOlympicGames十一、关于人口、老龄化等(05年真题)1.人口老龄化agingofpopulation2.赡养support3.稳固的经济基础solideconomicfoundation4.家庭照料familycare5.社区服务communityservices6.人口过乘ijoverpopulation7・彳、发达国家undevelopedcountries2.失业unemployment3.工业国家industrializedcountries1().公益服务publicservices9.拥挤overcrowding10.人口爆炸populationexplosion11.养育、抚养foster12.社区服务communityservice13.社会福利事业socialwelfaresystem14.逐步建立graduallyestablish15.采収不同的态度takedifferentattitudes十二.关于民工以及贫困1农民【.migrantworker2、冲进城市rushintothecity3、经济发展economicdevelopment4、低工资underpaid5、宏伟的建筑edifice6、城市居民cityresidents/urbandweller7、不可或缺indispensable8、交通拥挤trafficcongestion9^卫牛问题sanitationproblem10、构成威胁poseathreatto11>赚钱makesomemoney 十三、关于饮食1.快:餐fastfood2.麦当劳McDonaldJs3.汉堡包hamburgers4.炸鸡friedchicken5.饭店restaurants6.享受午餐enjoylunch7.对…是件好事isablessingforsb&营养价值nutritionalvalue9.传统饮食traditionalcuisines10.采取折中的态度takeabalancedposition11.胃口appetite十四、关于旅游1、第三产业thethirdindustry2、优先priority3、支柱pillar4、当地经济发展的支柱apillaroflocaleconomicdevelopment5、纪念品souvenir6^迅猛发展的旅游业boomingtouristindustry7、告别了贫困saygood-byetopoverty8>发扬民族文化carryforwardnationalculture9、实现可持续发展achievethesustainabledevelopment10^保护口然环境conservationofthenaturalenvironment11、提高牛.活质量enhancethequalityoflife12^文化遗产culturalheritage13^迷人的景色fascinatingscenery14、旅游杲点touristattractions15>大量的历史遗迹awealthofhistoryrelics16^跨文化交际cross-culturalcontacts17^增进友谊promotefriendship18、当地文化的保护thepreservationoflocalculture19、负面影响negativeeffect20>造成严重污染causeseriousenvironmentalpollution21、和平繁荣的环境aclimateofpeaceandprosperity22破坏牛态平衡breaktheecologicalbalance23、展示灿烂的历史文化showcasethebrillianthistoryandculture24>增加吸引力enhanceitsappeal25度假胜地vacationspots26>旅游黄金周thegoldenweekfortourism27、旅游旺季thepeakofthetouristseason28、游览观光spendone,stimeinsightseeing29>H助游anindependenttravel 30、随团旅游agrouptravel十五、贸易和经济挣夕卜汇earningsinforeignexchange出口额exportvalue文化需求theculturalneeds拉动内需promotedomesticdemand社区经济communityeconomic基础设施infrastructure促进商业的发展promotethecommerce加快城市建设acceleratethecityconstructionanditsembellishment廉价市场abargainmarket消费者协会aConsumer*sAssociation物质生活materiallife泡沫经济abubbleeconomy涉外经济aforeign-relatedbusiness财政收入revenue增加消费increaseconsumption财务支出expenditure开放搞活经济openupandenliventheeconomy售后服务afer-saleservice经济前景economicprospect无卩艮制的扩张unrestrainedexpansion经济特区specialeconomiczone购买力purchasingpower扩大合作extendcooperation经济繁荣economicprosperity腐败和受贿corruptionandbribery打假crakedownoncounterfeitgoods/fakcproducts经济全球化economicglobalization;economicintegration商品价格commodityprices扩大消费市场taptheconsumermarket全球化过程globalizationprocess充分就业fullemployment全球经济globaleconomy机械与电子产品machineryandelectronicgoods假冒伪劣商品fakeandinferiorcommodities现代技术moderntechnology购物中心shoppingcenters对夕卜开放openthedoortotheoutsideworld取得显著成绩makeremarkableresults合资企业jointventures外商投资企业foreign-investedventure夕卜资foreigncapital高科技产业high-techenterprise随着改革开放的贯彻执行withthereformandopeninguppolicybeingimplemented 44.现代化家用电器up-to-datehouseholdappliances45.惩治腐败combatcon*uption46.第三产业tertiaryindustry47.后起之秀promisingyoungpeople48.基础设施,基础工业和支柱产业infrastructure,basicindustriesandpillarindustries49.假冒伪劣fakeandpoorqualitycommodities50・经济技术开发区economicandtechnologicaldevelopmentzone51•经济特区specialeconomiczone52.落后backward53.恢复restore54.急需needbadly55.投资环境environmentforinvestment56.集屮力量concentrateon57.鼓励encourage58.进口或出口import,export59.活跃市场enliventhemarket60.人力资源manpower,humanresources61.资金不足shortoffunds62.|韦|绕focuson63.经济效率economicefficiency64.降低生产成本lowerproductioncost65.生产力productiveforces66.劳动生产率laborproductivity67.巨人发展havemadeabigadvance68.贸易往来tradecontracts,commercialintercourse69.投资环境70.职业道德71.和别人合作72.实际经验investmentenvironmentoccupationalethics;professionalethicscooperatewithotherspracticalexperience十六、关于交通★★★1.交通问题:transportationproblems2.交通繁忙时段：rushhour3.交通阻塞trafficjams4.空气污染airpollution5.乘客passenger6.交通工具meansoftransportation7.能源危机energycrisis&不便inconvenience9.噪声污染noisepollution10.行人pedestrians11・交通事故trafficaccident9.受伤injuries 13.筋疲力尽exhausted14.自然资源naturalresources15.建设construction16.停车场parkinglots17.铺设道路laiddownroads18.缓解交通1111塞压力relievethetrafficcongestion19.路况roadcondition20.交通法规trafficlawsandregulations21.公共交通工具publictransportation22.捉高公众意识raisethepublicawareness23.地铁underground/地下隧道tunnels/地下道underpass24.方便和舒适convenientandcomfortable25.公共交通publictransport26.随着路况的发展withtheimprovementinroadconditions27.十分重视attachimportanceto28.大力发展strivetodevelop31.交通事故trafficaccidents十七、其他一些要记忆的重点表达1.巨大的胜利hugevictory2.充满信心fullofconfidencein3.各阶层人民allwalksoflife4.团结一致beunitedasone5.互相冲突inconflictwitheachother6.极英复杂的工作extremelycomplicatedwork7.权衡利弊weighuptheprosandcons&从」E反两方面來辩论debatethematterproandcon9.流行，普遍存在prevalence10.暴利的，利润丰厚的lucrative11.没收confiscate12.前景光明的promising13.消耗精力的energy-consuming14.威胁intimidate15.抓住机遇seizetheopportunity16.鉴定identify17.劳动强度laborintensity18.就业培训vocationaltraining19.跟上时代的步伐keeppacewiththetimes20.获取知识的重要渠道animportantchanneltoacquireknowledge21.造丿或损失causealossto 9.被列为belistedas10.承担风险beartheriskof 9.估算estimate10.指示，说明instruction,direction11.原料•rawmaterials12.大型，中型，小型large-size,medium-size,small-size13.合理的发展rationallydeveloped14.长处，短处strongpoint,weekpoint15.各级政府governmentofalllevels31•各行各业的人们peoplefromalltradesandprofessions31.祖先ancestors32.连续十年fortenyearsrunning34・衡量measure,evaluate35.财政资助financialsupport36.主张hold,state37.牟取任何眾利seekexcessiveprofits38.普遍规律generallaw39.巩固backup,consolidate40.苦难经历hardexperience,sufferings41.改造transformation42.认真执行faithfullyimplement43.自力更生self-reliance44.对有利beneficialto45.加强strengthen46.实行implement,carryout47.自信心confidence4&战略目标strategicgoal49.吃饭穿衣foodandclothing50.得传染病contractinfections51.达到目标attainourgoals52.良好的沟通技巧goodcommunicationskill53・可以毫不夸张的说itwouldbenoexaggerationtosaythat54.危害harm——cndangcr/damagc/thrcatcn55.获得getobtain/acquire/derivefrom56.解决solve——settle/resolve/tackle57.问题/危机/灾难problem…difficulty/crisis/disaster58.著名的famous——distinguished/prestigious59.充足的enough——sufficicnt/adcquatc/abundant60.HI色的good/greatremarkable/marvelous/impressive61.严重的badserious/severe/grave62・快乐的happydelighted/ingoodmoocl/inhighspirits63・彳艮多的many——innumerable/countless/alargenumberof64.表明,揭示：Show——indicaterevealreflect,demonstrate,imply,suggest,illustrate 第三节：作文谚语精选总结:本末倒置Putthecartbeforethehorse变化带來牛.机Changebringslife冰冻三尺非一Fl之寒Romeisnotbuiltinoneday不加区别,相同对待Treatequallywithoutdiscrimination不言而喻Speaksforitself得不偿失Itisnotworththecandle颠倒黑白Callblackwhiteandwhiteblack恶习应除不应留Badcustomsarebetterbrokenthankeptup扬长避短Exploittothefullyone"sfavorableconditionsandavoidunfavorableones厚此薄彼Sayturkeytooneandbuzzardtoanother患难见真情Afriendinneedisafriendindeed活着不是为了吃饭，吃饭是为了活著Livenottoeat,buteattolive家有老，如有一宝Anoldmanistreasureofafamily经验乃智慧之母Experienceisthemotherofwisdom懒惰是万恶Z源Idlenessistherootofallevil.利人于弊Theadvantagesfaroutweighthedisadvantage良莠不齐Thegoodandthebadareintermingled取其精华，去其糟粕Taketheessenceanddiscardthedregs每个人部有短处Everybeanhasitsblack不应强求一律Allbreadisnotbakedinoneoven.逆境锻炼人Adversityisagreatschoolmaster千里之堤，溃于蚁穴Slightnegligencemayleadtogreatdisaster.前车之鉴Itiswisetolearnatanotherman"scost.任何事物都有利有弊Nogardenwithoutweeds.深入人尤"Bedeeplyrootedamongthepeople・事难两全其美Youcannothaveyourcakeandeatit.一概而论Lumptogetherunderonehead.饮力C思源Nevercastdirtintothatfountainofwhichthouhastsometimedrunk.友谊第—，比赛第二Friendshipfirst,competitionsecond.知识就是力最Knowledgeispower.自力更生Regenerationthroughone"sownefforts・整犬工作不玩耍，孩子变成人傻瓜AllworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy.自助者天助Godhelpthosewhohelpthemselves.第四节：常用句式一、十大功能段落★★★1）话题引出段Nowadays,thereisagrowingconcernovertheissueofPeopleingrowingnumbersarcdirectingtheirattentiontoWhenitcomestopeople"snotionsmayvaryfromonetoanother.Recently,aheateddiscussionhassprungupasto2）图画图表描述段Asisvividlyshowninthepicture,Itisclearlydepictedinthepicturethat Thispicturedepictsathought-provokingsceneofThechartaboveprovidesaseriesofessentialfigures,illustratingthechangestakingplaceinatimespanof...years.3）观点对比段Oppositevoicesarenowrisinginthedebate.SomepeoplefirmlybelievethatOnthecontrary,quiteafewpeoplearguethatThecontroversialissuehasarousedoppositeopinions・Onefocuseson;theotheropinionrevolvesaround4）利弊列举段Everycoinhastwosides,andthisissueisnoexception・Aboveall,...Inaddition...Moreimportantly...However,thenegativeinflueneeitrendersshouldnotbeneglected・・・notonly•…butalsoIsthisphenomenonablessingoracurse.?Thefollowinglistofadvantagesanddisadvantagescanexplaineverything・5）举例说明段Thefollowingillustrationscanserveasstrongevidenceofthephenomenon.6）原因列举段Whyshouldthisphenomenontakeplace?Therearcgenerallythreefactorsaccountingforit・Havingtakeneverythingintoconsideration,wemayattributethesharpchangetothreeaspects・7）意义阐释段Thepurposeofthepictureistoshowusthatdueattentionhastobepaidto....Havingscrutinizedthedetailsofthepicture,wecandiscusstheimplicationssubtlyconveyedfromit.8）归纳结论段Takingintoaccountalltheanalysesabove,wemayconfidentlycometotheconclusionthat9）预测趋势段Thereisnodenyingthatwillcontinueincreasing/decreasinginthebetter/worsedirection.Undoubtedly,thetendencyreflectedfromthechartwillundergoacontinuousincrcasc/dccrcascinthenearfuture・10）建议措施段Therefore,itisimperativethatweshouldtakesomedrasticmeasures.AsfarasIamconcerned,twoeffectivemeasuresmustbeimmediatelytakentopullthroughthecrisis.二、精选句式1、Thepictureisthought-provoking.Whatitillustratesisacommonphenomenonintoday"ssociety 3^Examplestoprovetheviewareabundant.Themostpersuasivearethecases5>ThesetofdrawingsabovevividlydepictsAsisshowninthefirstcartoon6、Tobeginwith,thepurposeofthedrawingsistoshowusthatyetthesymbolicmeaningssubtlyconveyedshouldbetakenmoreseriously.7、Accordingly,itisvitalforustoderivepositiveimplicationfromthesethought-provokingdrawings.Ontheonehand,wecanfrequentlyusethemtoenlighten8^WhatthepictureconveysgoesfarbeyondonlyaInstead,itcarriesculturalmeanings.Thefactthat9^Thepicturebelowillustratestherealmeaningofbystressingthefactthat10>Icanthinkofnobetterillustrationofthisideathanthefollowingexample：11*1believethattherelationshipbetweenpeoplewillbeharmoniousandthatoursocietywillbeabetterplaceforustolivein••-(总结)12、Thepurposeofthispictureistoshowusthatdue(greatenough)attentionhastobepaidto13、Whydoesthisphenomenonappear?Thereareseveralpossiblereasonsforthis.AboveallInaddition三、常用于开头的句式仮ij彳U：Recently,theproblemofunemploymenthasbeenbroughttosuchpopularattentionthatgovernmentsatalllevelsplaceitontheagendaasthefirstmattet.彳列彳U：Intheeyesofthepublic,officialcorruptionmeanstakingbribes・Butsuchcorruptioncomesinmanydifferentforms.例句：Nowadays,aheateddebateaboutwhetheroneshouldstepforwardbravelyintheeventofcrimeisunderwayinChina・Somepeoplebelievethatoneshouldstepforwardbravelynomatterhowdangerousitis,whereasothersarguethatoneshouldputhisorherownsafetyaboveanythingelse.仮ij彳U：Whenitcomestofakecommodities,mostpeoplecontendthatpeopleshouldbattleagainstthefalsehoodofthefakes,butotherpeopleconsiderthatbuyingfakecommoditiesmeansnothingbut"unlucky"whichishardtoavoid.四、常用于结尾的句式仮ij£j：Itishopedthatweshouldpaymoreattentiontotheproblemsofunemployment.仞J句：Aslongaswepersistinspreadingscientificknowledgeamongthemasses,allthesuperstitionsareboundtogooutofourlife.例句：Itishightimethattheissueweretobesolvedsoastopromotetheeconomicdevelopment. 仞J句：Alltheaboveevidencegoestoshowthatthebirthofcomputerhasbenefitedourlifegreatly.彳列句：Mysuggestionisthateffectivemeasuresshouldbetakentocheckpopulationgrowth;otherwise,thepotentialconsequencesareunimaginable.例句:Therefore,weshouldnotonlyrealizethatcompetitionandcooperation,liketwosidesofthecoin,havetogohandinhand,butfixmoreattentiononhowtomakefulluseof…aswell.五、常用的过渡句式彳列句：Althoughlotsofpeoplefollowthefashion,Istillsetmyheartonitsnegativeeffectonoursociety.仞J句：Itisnoeasyjobtofindeveryreasonfortheincreaseinthenumberofteenagerswhorunciwayfromtheirhomes,but,onthewhole,twofactorsshoutlouderthanothers.Firstofall,•…Second,•…Itisobviousthatradiocannotcompetewithtelevisioninvisuality,butitstillpossessessubstantialadvantagesovertelevision.(Oneoftheseis...Another...Stillanother...)例：Atfirstglance,thewestern-typedemocracyseemssuperiortoanyothertypes・Butoncloseexamination,itdoesnotentitleeverycitizenofthesamenationtotheequalfreedomtoact.六、常用于描述漫画的句式。例句：Thetwopictureshereillustratehowaflowerinagreenhouseisdestroyedwhenexposedtoastorm.仮ij£j：Inthefirstpicture,alonelysmallboat,inspiteofthegoodcatch,doesnotdisturbthefishesthatareswimmingleisurely.Whileinthesecondone,theseaisovcr-crowdcdwithfishingboats,andalonelyfish,desperatelytryingtoescape,findsnoplacetohide・例句：Ascanbeseenfromthepicture,thecarbreaksstopsonthewayandcannotmoveanyfurthe匚例句:Itismostlikelythatbydrawingthepictures,theartistintendsnotonlytotellusthestoryoffishbutalsotosetusthinkingmoreaboutnature・七、常用图表作文的句式：仮ij£j：Accordingtothefiguresshowninthetable,wecanseethatgreatchangeshavebeentakingplaceinpeople"sdietovertheperiodfrom1988to1998.例句：Afterconsideringtheinformationinthegraph,wemightconcludethattheenergystructureinruralareashasbeengreatlyimprovedoverthepast15years・攸ij句：Bycomparisonwith1990,itdroppedby15percent.必背小作文［备忘］Youarethemanager"sassistant,andyourcompanyisgoingtodonatesomemedicinetothe patientsinpoorareas・Pleasewriteamemotoinformthefacultytohaveameetingnextweektodiscussaboutthedonation<>To:Allthefaculty（收笺人）From:LiMing,Manager"sAssistant（发笺人职能部门）Date:May26,2005Subject:DonationofMedicinetoPatientsinPoorAreasAllstaffisrequiredtoattendthemeeting,whichwillbeheldnextMondayinthemeetingroom.Themainpurposeofthemeetingistodiscussthemedicinedonationtothepatientsinpoorareas,wherethemedicalconditionsarcextremelybadandthepatientsarcingreatneedofourhelp.Beforethemeeting,adetaileddonationplanisrequiredforeverydepartment.Themeetingwillbeginat2o"clockintheafternoonandeveryoneshouldbepresentontime.LiMing