雅思作文素材库 30页

雅思作文素材库1.Arecarsdoingmoreharmthangood?Arguments1・Carsareevilsresultingfrommodernization,fortheymakepeoplesufferratherthanenjoylife.2.Trafficaccidentscausedbycarsnotonlybringdeathandinjury,butalsomakepeoplesuffermentallyandpsychological!y.3.Everyyearcarownershavetopayvastsumstotheexchequer:roadtax,purchasetax,oiltax,etc.Thisisabigdrainontheirresources.4.SinceChinahassuchalargepopulation,thepopularisationofprivatecarswillonlybringaboutserioussocialproblems.5.Carsshouldbedoneawaywith.Weshouldtrytofindasafermeansoftransportwhichwillbringjoyandcomfortratherthaninjuryanddeath・6.Theroadsaresooftenjammedwithcarsthatambulancesandfireenginesfinditdifficulttofulfiltheirduties.7.People"shiddenfrustrationsanddisappointmentsarebroughttothesurfacewhentheydrive・&Roadnetworksforcarshavenotonlymadecitiesuninhabitable,butalsodesecratedthecountryside.9.Carsoftenproduceairpollutionandfillthecitieswithunbearablenoise.10.Carsarethecauseoftrafficaccidents・Allovertheworldthousandsuponthousandsofpeoplearekilledorinjuredeveryyear.Counter-arguments1.Motorcarsarehighlydesirableforobviousreasons.Weshouldrecognizethisandadaptourselves・2.Motorcarsenablepeopletobecomemoremobile.Withoutcars,theworldwouldstillconsistof isolatedcommunities.1.IftherearemorecarsinChinalruralareas,peoplecangettocitiesmoreeasily.Thegapbetweentownandcountrywillbecomesmaller.2.Possessingacargivesoneamuchgreaterdegreeofmobility,enablinghimtomovearoundfreely.3.Theownerofacarisnotforcedtorelyonpublictransportandis,therefore,notcompelledtoworklocally.4.Longdistancescanbecoveredrapidlyandpleasantly.5.Busesareoftencrowdedandslow,especiallyduringrush-hour.Iftherearemorecars,peoplecangetaroundmoreeasily・6.Withthepopularisationofcars,thesuburbswillbecomemoredeveloped,andthedowntownareawillbelesscrowded・7.Carsandmotoristsarenottoblameforroadaccidents.Problemsliketoomanyroadsigns,faultytrafficlights,suddennarrowingofastreetandcongestedparkingaretherealcauseoftrafficaccidents・1().Theremustbeuniversaladoptionofmulti-storeyandundergroundcarparkssothatcar-parkswon"tbecomeaproblem.II.Arepetsgoodformankind?Arguments1.PetsareofparticularimportancetochildreninthisPlasticAgewhenmostofusliveinlargecities・2.Watchingtheeverydayactivitiesofapethelpsachildtounderstandnatureandcopewithproblems.3.Learningtocareforapethelpsachildtogrowupintoalovingadultwhofeelsresponsibletowardsthosedependentonhim.4.Thegreatvirtueofpetsisthattheycankeepuscompany・5・Apetiskeptasacompanionthatmakesusfeelhappy.It*ssuggested,thatpetsshouldbesenttoastronautsinaspacecrafttohelpreducethelonelinessofspaceflights. 6.Besidesprovidingmerecompanionship,petsinviteustoloveandbeloved・7.Oftenacatoradogcancomfortusattimeswhenhumanwordsdon"thelp.8.Animalscancommunicatewitheachotherintheirparticularway.Theycommunicatewithhumanbeings,too,fortheyarequicktosenseangerandsorrow・9.Peoplekeeppetsforemotionalratherthaneconomicreasons.10.Apetdogbringsitsmaster(owner)asenseofconfidence,forhecanseeinthedogthatfaithfulnessdoesexistandhedoeshavesomethingtotrust.Counter-arguments1.Keepingpetsisjustawasteoftimeandresources・2.Thegrowingnumberofpetshascausedserioushygieneproblemsthatcannotbesolved・3.Theearthwillnolongerbeaworldofhumanbeingsandanimalsbutaworldofanimalsonlyifwedon"ttakemeasurestostoptheincreaseofpets.4.Petdogsandcatsofbothsexesshouldbesterilizedbecausetheanimalsthemselvesareindangerofbecomingthefirstvictimsforthesimplereasonthattheirownersdon"thaveenoughtimefortoomanyofthem.5.Petsarehumanizedbythosewhokeeppets.Owingtotheirneedforahome,forfoodanddrink,petsaretamedandidealizedbytheirowners・6.Peoplenowadaysaresocrazyaboutpetsthattheyevenneglectcaringfortheirownchildren.7.Acampaignshouldbelaunchedagainsttheoverpopulationofpets.8.Asamatteroffactthosewhokeeppetsdon"talwaystreattheirpetswithkindness.Theysometimesabandontheirpetswhentheygoawayonholidayandareunabletotakethepetsalongwiththem.9.Ifsreallyagainstnaturetocagebirds,chaindogsandkeepcatswithinthehouse•10.Petsareanimals.Theyshouldbeseenintheirnaturalhabitatratherthaninthehomesofhumanbeings.II.DoAdvertisementsPlayaPositiveorNegativeroleinourSociety? Arguments1・Advertisementsprovidethemostdirectcomprehensiveanddetailedinformation・Wegettoknowabouthouseholdgoodsfromadvertisements・2.Advertisingitselfisabusinessthathasprovidedagreatnumberofjobs・3.Withadvertisements,peoplesavealotoftimeinshopping,lookingforjobs,etc.4.Dailylifeneedsadvertisementsbecausethemainfunctionofadvertisingistodisseminateinformationoncommodities,services,culture,employment,studentenrolmentandevenmarriage.5.Acheerful,wittyadvertisementmakessuchadifferencetoadrabwalloranewspaperfullofnewsofcalamities・6.Withoutadvertisements,newspapers,commercialradiosandtelevisioncompaniescouldnotsurvive・7.Youcanfindajob・rentanapartment,buyorsellahouse,etc・bywayofadvertising・8.Advertisingisaprocessofartisticcreation.9.Advertisingcreatesmassmarkets.Withoutadvertisements,manufacturersmayfinditdifficulttoselltheirproducts.10.Advertisinghelpsstabilizeindustryandemployment,improvesquality,and,bycompetition,helpskeeppriceswithinbounds・Counter-arguments1.Advertisementsareimposeduponacaptiveaudience:e.g.ontelevision.2.AdvertisementsonTVareanuisance:theyinterrupttelevisionprogrammesatashockingfrequency.3.Consumershavetopaymoreforthegoodsowingtotheadvertisingexpenses:highpricesaremaintainedbysuchartificialmeans・4.Advertisementsaresimplymisleadingandcheating.Theyarefilledwithfloweryphrasesandemptypromises.5・Fakeadvertisingcheatsconsumersand,insomeseriouscases,threatensgulliblepeople"slives・6.Advertisersareinconsideratetothepublic・Whattheycareaboutismakingmoney. 6.Advertisementsarenot-basedonthequalityofthegoods,butontheprinciplethat讦onekeepstalkingaboutthesamethinglongenough,eventuallypeoplewillpayattentiontoit.7.Advertisementsareaninsidiousformofbrainwashing,usingthesametechniques,likeslogans,catchphrases,etc.8.Advertisingisoffensive:itappealstobaserinstincts.9.Advertisingcheapensthequalityoflife:mostadsareinpoortaste.II.Doesfashioncontributeanythingtosociety?Arguments1.Agoodappearancemayhelppeoplemakeabetterimpressioninsocialcontacts.2.Whenpeoplearegettingold,theyshouldpaymoreattentiontotheirappearance・3.Thewaypeoplearedressedhelpsthemtopreserveasenseoftheirownvalueandpersonality.4.Fashionaddsspicetolifewithitsrichcolour,variety,andbeauty.5.Menandwomenfollowfashionsinordertopleaseeachotherandthemselves.6.Theworldwillbeadullplacetoliveinifpeoplealwayswearclothesofthesamestyleandcolour.7.Massproductionmakeswell-designedclothescheap,availabletoeveryone・8.Thefashionindustryisanenormousone.Itprovidesemploymentforpeopleliketextileworkers,designers,shopkeepers,etc.9.Thefashionindustryhashelpedindustrialresearchinthesensethatalotofnewmaterials,likenylon,rayon,etc.havebeenmadetomeetthedemandoftheconsumers・10.Beingwell-dressedisofpsychologicalimportancebecauseconfidenceinone"sappearanceleadstoconfidenceinone"ssuccessinlife.Counter-arguments1.Peoplesometimeslookoddwiththeso-calledfashionablehairstyles,make-up,anddresses・2.TopdesignersinParisandLondonaredictatorial,fortheylaydownthelawandthewholeworldrushestoobey.3.Fashiongoeslikethis:oneyear,onething;thenextyear,thereverse. 1.Peoplearesovainthattheyareafraidofbeingseeninold-fashionedclothes・2.People,especiallythefashion-followers,areblackmailedbyfashion-designersandstores.6・Changingfashionsisadeliberatecreationofwastebecauseonewillhavetodiscardalotofnewclothesinordertofollowfashions.7.Fashiondesignersarenotinterestedinimportantthingslikewarmth,comfort,anddurabilityoftheclothes.Theyareonlyinterestedinoutwardappearanceandprofits・&Theoddertheclothes,themoreexpensivetheyare,andthemorefashionabletheybecome•It"sagreatpitythatpeoplehavelosttheirappreciationofrealbeauty.9.Inordertofollowfashions,peoplehavetoputupwithgreatdiscomfort,suchassufferingfromcoldinwinter.10.One*sconfidencedoesnotgrowfromthewayoneisdressed,butfromtheinnerqualitiesonepossesses・II.Doesparentalpermissivenessaffectchildren^development?Arguments1.Theexcessivepermissivenessofpresent-dayparentsisdoingmoreharmthangoodtochildrenandsocietyaswell.2.Childrenshoulddevelopthehabitofworkingandlivingindependentlyand,meanwhile,practisethevirtueofbeingfilialtotheirparents.3.Childrenwhohaveasurfeitofhappinessintheirchildhoodoftenemergelikestodgypuddingsandfailtomakeasuccessoflife.4.Thefactthatyoungpeoplenowadaysareself-centred,indifferentandinconsiderate*ofothersislargelytheoutcomeofparentalpermissivenessintheirchildhood・5.Parentalauthorityinafamilyhelpsachildtodevelophischaracterhealthily.6.Parentsshouldexercisestrictdisciplineovertheirchildrenbecause,themorepermissivetheparentsare,themorerebelliousagainsttheirparentsthechildrenwillbecome.7.Lavishcareandexcessivepermissivenesswillonlygiverisetohedonismamongtheyoungergeneration.8.Ifoneletsthechilddowhateverhewantsto,hewillruinthechildforlife. 1.Wehavetoadmitthefactthatwenowhavegotagenerationofspoilt,self-centredbratswithnorespectfortheirelders.2.Thespreadofjuveniledelinquencyinourageislargelyduetoparentalpermissiveness.Counter-arguments1・Morecareforchildrenisnotthesameaspermissivenesstothem.2.Thetruthisthatparentsnowadaysdonottakeenoughcareoftheirchildrenandoftenneglecttheirdevelopmentbecausetheparentsareonlyinterestedintheircareers・3.Parentsarenotatallpermissivetotheirchildren.Violenceoftentakesplaceinfamiliesinwhichchildrenareabused・4.Onlyarelaxedfamilyatmospherecanhelpthephysicalandpsychologicalgrowthofchildren・5.Toletchildrendowhattheylikecontributestotheirindependenceandcompetenceintheiradultlives.6.Itisunfairtoblameparentsforthespreadofjuveniledelinquency・Therearealotofothercausesinvolved.7.Manycasesshowthatchildrenleavehomeandbecomemembersofstreetgangsjustbecausetheycannotbearauthoritariancontroloverthembytheirparents・8.Strictdisciplinedoesnotalwaysworkintermsofdevelopingchildren"spersonalqualities.Toomuchpressureonchildrenleadstorebellionandotherextremeactions.9.Parentsarenotjustifiedinusingviolencetokeepdisciplineandmaintaintheirauthorityoverthechildren.10・Childrenarehumanbeings,too.Theyneedtobeprotectedinsteadofbeingfrequentlyscoldedorphysicallyabused・VLDoestelevisionplayapositiveornegativeroleinthemodemworld?Arguments1.Televisionisnowplayingaveryimportantpartinourlives・2.Televisionisnotonlyaconvenientsourceofentertainment，butalsoacomparativelycheap one・1.Televisionkeepsoneinformedaboutcurrentevents,allowsonetofollowthelatestdevelopmentsinscienceandpoliticsandoffersanendlessseriesofprogrammeswhicharebothinstructiveandentertaining.2.Alotoftelevisionprogrammesintroducepeopletothingstheyhaveneverthoughtorheardofbefore・3.Televisionhasbeengoodcompanytothosewhodonotwork,likehousewives,lonelyoldpeople,etc.4.Televisionprovidesenormouspossibilitiesforeducation,likeschoolprogrammesviaclosed-circuittelevision.5.TelevisionprovidesspecialbroadcastsforthoseinTVuniversity,oropenuniversity.Italsooffersspecialisedsubjectslikelanguageteaching,sewing,cooking,painting,cosmetics,etc.6.Televisiondoesthejobofeducationinthebroadestsense.Inslructiveprogrammesachievetheirgoalthroughentertainingtheviewers.7.Comparedwiththeradio,everythingontelevisionismorelifelike,vivid,andreal.8.Televisionmaybeavitalfactorinholdingafamilytogetherwherethereare,forexample,economicproblemsandhusbandandwifeseematbreakingpoint.Counter-arguments1・Televisionisagreattime-waster.2.Televisionmakestheviewercompletelypassivebecauseeverythingispresentedtohimwithoutanyeffortonhispart.3.Televisionistoblameforthefactthatchildrentakelongertolearntoreadthesedaysandbarelyseethepointatallofacquiringtheskill.4.Televisiontakesuptoomuchofourtime.Wenolongerhaveenoughtimeforhobbies,entertainingactivities,andotheroutsideamusementliketheatres,cinemas,sports,etc.5.Peoplerushhome,gulptheirfood,whichisoftenassimpleassandwichandaglassofbeer,andstartwatchingtheTVprogrammes.6.Themonster,i.e.television,demandsabsolutesilenceandattention.Noonedarestoopenhismouthduringaprogramme. 2.Peoplehavegrownaddictedtotelevision,oftenneglectingthenecessaryandmoreimportantthingslikemeals,sleepandevenwork.3.Alotofparentsusetelevisionasapacifierfortheirchildren・Theyputtheirchildreninfrontofthesetanddon"tcarewhetherthechildrenareexposedtorubbishycommercialsorspectaclesofviolenceaslongasthechildrenarequiet.4.Whattheviewerreceivesfromtelevisionisnothingbutsecond-handexperience・Heiscompletelycutofffromtherealworld.5.Televisionpreventspeoplefromcommunicatingwitheachother.Ithasdonealotofharmtotherelationshipbetweenfamilymembers-VII.Doestheyoungergenerationknowbest?Arguments1.Theyoungarebettereducatedandmorebroad-minded・2.Theyoungenjoyalotmorethingsthantheold:theyhavemoneytospend;theyarelessdependentontheirparents;theygrowupmorequickly;andtheyenjoymorefreedom.3.Theyoungquestionthevaluesandassumptionsoftheoldergenerationandtheyareright.4.Theyoungenjoymorefreedomandhaveastrongersenseofresponsibility.5.Theoldtendtosettledifferencesbyconventionalpoliticsandviolence.6.Theolddonothavenobleambitionsandonlystriveformaterialpossessions.7.Theoldareunabletokeepawayfromtheratrace,inwhichtheyhavelosttouchwiththemostimportantthingsinlife.8.Theoldcanlearnfromtheyoung.Youngpeoplearemoredevotedtotheirfriends・9.Theyoungknowhowtoenjoyworkandleisureandnottobeinhibited・10.Theyoungliveinthepresentratherthaninthepastorfuture.Counter-arguments1.Theyoungdonotassumetheirresponsibility;theyevadeit.2.Theyounghavetoomuchmoneyandtheyarespoiled・3.Theyoungareonlyinterestedinthemselves.4.Theyoungseekmaterialpossessionslikeclothing,cars,etc.Theydonotwishtoworkforthem. 1.Theyoungshouldfeelgratefultotheoldergeneration,whohavecreatedagoodlifeforthem.2.Theoldprovidetheyoungwithagoodeducationandmoneytospend・3.Theoldergenerationfoughtinthetwoworldwars.Theyfacedrealproblems,buttheyounghaveaneasierlife.4.Youngpeoplehavetoomuchfreedomandhavenosenseofmorality.5.Theoldergenerationistookindandsoftwiththeyoung.Atougherpolicyisneededandmightworkwonders.6.Youngpeople"soutlookontheworldisverybleakandtheyarescepticalofeverything・VII.Isitagoodideatocontroltheworld"spopulationgrowth?Arguments1.Inmoderntimes,afamilywithfewchildren,orevenwithnochildrenatall,isstillahappyfamily.2.Withfewerchildreninafamily,parentsspendlesstimeonhouseholdchoresandconcentratemoreontheirowninterests,andtheirchildrenenjoybettermaterialandeducationalopportunitiesthanthoseinbiggerfamilies.3.Themostpressingproblemcreatedbytherapidincreaseinpopulationisashortageoffood.Atpresentalargeproportionoftheexistingpopulationisnotgettingenoughoftherightkindoffood(e.g.peopleinIndia,Ethiopia,etc.).4.Therapidriseinworldpopulationiscreatingproblemsforallcountriesonearthbecausetheresimplyaren*tenoughresources.5.Bothrichandpoorcountriesoftheworldshouldtakeunitedactiontodealwiththepopulationexplosion.Otherwise,therewillbemorepeoplefightingforlesslandandfewerresources,andthefuturewillbringpoverty,miseryandwartousall.6.Populationincreaseindevelopingcountrieshaswipedoutthematerialbenefitsthattheyhaveachieved・7.Statisticsshowthatwherethepopulationrateishigh,people"slivingstandardsarelow.Thismeans,people"slivingconditionscannotimproveunlessthereisareductionintheincreasedrateofpopulation. &Overpopulationcreatesashortageofschools,teachers,hospitalsanddoctors.9.Oveipopulationcausesproblemsinhousingandemployment,especiallyincities.10.Justimaginehowmuchbetterlifewouldbeiftheworldpopulationwerecutbyhalf!Couter-arguments1.Peopleinagriculturalareasneedmorechildrentohelpthemwiththeworkinthefields.2.Whethertohavechildrenornotisaprivatematterandnobodyshouldinterferewithit3.Itisunfairtoblamealltheproblemsontheincreaseinpopulation.Itisthosegreedymanufacturersandbusinessmenindevelopedcountriesthatmaketheheaviestdemandsontheworld"sresourcesandcausethemostpollution.4.Ifpopulationcontrolwereamust,itshouldbecarriedoutindevelopedcountriesaswellbecauseababybomintheU.S.willuseinhislifetime30timesmoreoftheworld"sresourcesthanababyborninIndia・5.Childrenarethemostimportantthinginlife.Withfewerchildrenaround,lifewillbedull,meaninglessandunhappy.Itisincredibleforacoupletohavenochildrenatall.6.Childreninafamilygivetheparentsasenseofresponsibilityandpride.Theyareveryimportanttothestabilityofafamily・7.Populationcontroldoesgreaterharmthanwerealize・Forinstance,iftheonechildpolicyisstillinpracticein100years,peoplethenwillhavelittleideaofkinshipties,formostofthemwillhavenobrothers,sisters,uncles,aunts,orcousins・8.WiththegovemmentsfamilyplanningpolicyinoperationwenowhaveagenerationofHonlychild”families:mostofthemarearrogant,selfish,andspoilt.9.Abigfamilyofferschildrenachancetolearnhowtocopewithandcareforotherpeople・10.Childreninbigfamilieshavethechancetocompetewitheachother,intermsoftheirmannersathome,theirstudyatschool,theirperfonnanceattheirplaceofwork,etc.OlderchildrenusuallyhaveagreatinfluenceontheyoungerVII.Isitgoodforstudentstohavepart-timejobs?Arguments 1・Il"sgoodforstudentstohavepart-timejobsbecausethishelpscultivateindependenceamongyoungpeople・2.Part-timejobsinbusinesscanfosterasenseofcompetition,whichisimportantforstudentsinthefuture・3.Beingabletoearntheirownmoneygivesstudentsafeelingthatthey"vebecomeadultsand,therefore,makesthemfeelmoremature・4.Part-timejobsmakestudentsmoreconfidentinthemselvesbecausethroughtheworktheycanrealizetheirownvalueandprovethattheyarecapablepeople・5・Part-timejobexperiencegivesstudentsaninsightintowhatworkisaboutandpreparesthempsychologicallyfortheirfuturejobs.1.After-schoolworkteachesstudentshowharditistoearnmoneyandhelpsdevelopthriftinessinouryoungergeneration.2.Part-timejobscanhelpstudentsapplytheirknowledgeinpractice,and,inreturn,theirexperiencewillmakethemknowbetterwhattheyhavelearnedinclassesiindbooks.3.Part-timejobsgivestudentsafeelingofachievementthroughcontributingtonationalconstruction・4.Students"part-timejobscontributealot,inonewayoranother,tooursocialistconstruction.5.Studentswhohavepart-timejobscanrelieve,tosomeextent,theeconomicburdensoftheirparents.Counter-arguments1.Part-timejobsoftendistractstudents1attentionfromtheirstudies,andsomestudentsevenplaytruant.2.Themaintaskofstudentsistostudyhardandlearnwhatisneededforthedevelopmentofournation.Socialexperiencecanbegainedlateraftertheyfinishtheirstudies.3.Ifsnotgoodforstudentstodopart-timejobsbecausetheywillbecomemoney-oriented.4.Manystudentswhohavepart-timejobshaveshownadeclineintheirstudies・5.Part-timejobsdonothelpdevelopasenseofthriftinessamongyoungpeoplebecausemanystudentsspendthemoneyonhigh-priceditems,luxuriesthattheirparentscanhardlyafford・ 1.Sincestudentsareintheirformativeyears,part-timejobsmayexposethemtosocialillsatanagewhentheycannotdifferentiategoodfrombad・2.Somestudentsbecomejuveniledelinquentsbecausetheycomeundertheinfluenceofbadpeoplethroughpart-timejobs.3.Thoughstudentswhohavepart-timejobsmayrelievetheirparents1economicburdens,theirearlycontactwithsocietyaddsgreatlytotheworriesoftheirparents.4.Thoughsomeafter-schoolworkcanhelpstudentspractisewhattheylearninclasses,manyofthejobsrequirenothingofthestudents*knowledge.5.Somestudentshavebecomedrop-outsbecausethroughpart-timejobsthey"vefoundthatthemoreeducationyouhave,thelessmoneyyoumake.VII.IsItGoodtoLiveinaLargeModernCity?Arguments1.Largemoderncitiesaretoobigtocontrol.2.Commutingstretchesman"sresourcestotheutmost.3.City-dwellersadoptawhollyunnaturalwayoflife.Theylosetouchwiththelandandtherhythmofnature・Theyarebarelyconsciousofseasons・Flowers,leaves,thechangesofseasonbecomeirrelevantintheirlives・4.Rentsarehigh;buyingahouseofyourownforaveragepeopleisimpossible・5・Citiesbreedcrimeandviolence;housesareoftenburgled.6.Tensioninbigcitiesshortenspeople"slives.7.Peoplelosetoomuchtimeingettingtowork.8.Inbigcitiestherearenotenoughcinemas,publictransportorpublictoilets.9.Pollutioninbigcitiesisbecomingimpossible.10.Citypeoplearenotaswarm-heartedandfriendlyascountrypeople.Counter-argument1.Mostpeoplelovecitiesandmanyareflockingtherefromthecountry・2.Modernmanistoosophisticatedforsimplecountiypleasures. 3.11isenoughtovisitthecountrysideatweekends・4.Commutingdoesnotreallyaffectthosewholiveincities;itisonlyasmallinconvenience.5.Peopleeasilyadaptthemselvestocitylife;noise,traffic,etc.arehardlynoticeable・6.Therearemanyreasonswhycitylifeispreferable:therearemoreplacesforentertainment,etc.7.Therearebetterschoolsandservicesinbigcities・8.Therearemorechancesofemployment.Thereisagreaterrangeofjobsandthepayishigher.9.Thereismoreopportunitytosucceedinlife.10.Theeducationallevelishigher;itisabetterplaceforchildren.VII.IsItNecessarytoDevelopTourism?Arguments1.Itisnecessarytodevelopthetouristtrade,foritcontributesalottoincreasingunderstandingbetweennations.2.Asthesayinggoes,"Seeingisbelieving：Onlyatriptoanunfamiliarlandcanhelpusunderstandthepeopleandculturethere・3.Sincetourismhelpsincreaseunderstandingbetweenpeople,itwillfinallywipeoutprejudiceagainstothernations,andmaketheworldamorepeacefulone・4.Tourismcontributessignificantlytomanycountries*GNP(GrossNationalProduct).Theeconomyofsomenationsisbasedonthetouristindustry.5.Tourismhelpsdevelopanation^commercebecausetouristsaremostlikelytobuysouvenirswherevertheygo.6.Tourismprovidesjobsformanypeopleandhelpssolveoreasethesocialproblemofunemployment.7.Tourismhelpsaccelerateacity"sconstructionanditsembellishment.8.Contactwithtouristsfromafarwidensthehorizonofthelocalpeople.9.Thetouristtradegivespeopleachancetoenjoythebeautifulsceneryoftheworldandthewondersofmankind・10.Tourismwillhelppeoplelearnaboutdifferentculturesoftheworld. Counter-arguments1・Tourismcannotincreaseunderstandingbetweennationsbecausetouristsareoftentrappedinbighotelsandonlygazeatthenativesfromadistance.2.Tourismdoesnotwipeoutprejudice,butleadstothepersistenceofnationalstereotypesbecausewhentravelling,younoticeonlycharacteristicswhichconfirmyourpreconceptions.3.Itistruethatforeignfriendscanmakepeopleunderstandstereotypesareabsurdandharmful,butthetouristtradepreventspeoplefrommakingforeignfriends.4.Sincetouristsdonothavetimetomixwiththelocalpeople,theycannothaveafullviewofthelocalculture・5.Tourismmakessomepartsoftheworldtoocrowdedaplacetolivein.6.Tourismcreatespollutionandhasdestroyedmanybeautifulscenicspots.7.Touristscannothaveafullenjoymentofthebeautifulscenerybecausetheplacestheyvisitarerestrictedbyorganizers・8.Asthesayinggoes,“Travelmakesawisemanbetter,butafoolworse：9.Contactwithandassimilationofothercultureswillreducetheuniquenessofone"sowncultureandmaketheworldlesscolourfulthanbefore・VII.IsRomanticLovetheMostImportantConditionforMarriageArgument1.Marriageistheresultandextensionoflove.Therefore,romanticloveisthemostimportantconditionformarriage.2.Loveshouldbethemostimportantconditionformarriagebecauseamarriagewithoutloveislikehellinwhichthecouplesufferfortherestoftheirlives.3.Romanticlovewillenablethecoupletoconqueranydifficultiesintheirlifetogether.4.Infeudalsociety,manypeoplesufferedfromarrangedmarriagesbecauselovewasneveranelementforconsiderationinmarriagesatthattime・5.Romanticlovecanleadtothehealthypsychologicaldevelopmentofthecouple・6.Marriagesbasedonromanticlovewillbringforthbeautifulandintelligentchildren・7.Marriagesbasedonlovetendtocreateahappyandharmoniousatmosphereinthefamilywhichis goodforthedevelopmentofchildren.&Ahappymarriagehelpsonetoachievemoreinone"scareer.9.Amarriagewithoutloveisworsethanbeingsingle.10.Marriageswithoutlovearemostlikelytoendindivorce,whichcreatesmanysocialproblems.Counter-argument1・Loveisnotthemostimportantconditionformarriagebecauseloveisromanticwhereasmarriageispractical.2.Lackofmoneyinanewmarriagemightbringtroubleandchronicquarrelling・3.Educationisthemostimportantconditionforagoodmarriagebecauseacouplewhoseeducationallevelsdonotmatcharenotlikelytohavemuchincommon.4.Amarriagebasedonromanticlovealonewillnotlastlong,forasenseofresponsibilityismostessentialtoasuccessfulmarriage.5.Ageisaveryimportantconditionforahappymarriagebecause,ifthecouplebelongtodifferentagegroups,theytendtohavedifferentinterestsandfindithardtounderstandeachother.6.Loveisnotthemostimportantconditionforahappymarriagebecause,whenthechoiceiscarefullyandwiselymade,it"susuallyagoodone・7.Healthisaveryimportantconditionforagoodmarriage.Ifeitherpartyofamarriagesuffersfrompoorhealth,thenhappinessisimpaired・&Asthesayinggoes,loveblindsamantoimperfection,soamarriagebasedonlovealoneisonlyabetforhappiness.9.Parentalapprovalisimportantformarriagesbecauseitcreatesunityinafamily・Moreover,theexperienceofparentscanoftencorrectandrestraintheheadstronganddistortedchoicesofinexperiencedyouth・10.Loveisnotthesingle,mostimportantconditionforasuccessfulmarriage.Itrequiresthecombinationofmanyconditions,allofwhichareimportant.VII.Shouldcapitalpunishmentbeamajordeterrenttocrime?Argument 1・Thereshouldneverbesuspensionofcapitalpunishment.2.Murdererswhosemotiveismoneyshouldnotgetofflightly.Itisabsolutelywrongtothinkprofessionalkillersareinsaneandneedhospitaltreatment.3.Criminalsmustbemadetoseetheconsequencesoftheircrimes.“Aneyeforaneyeandatoothforatooth”istheverybasisofjustice・4.Capitalpunishmentismorehumanebecausethecriminaldoesnotsufferthetortureoflifeimprisonment.5.Onlythereturnofthedeathpenaltycanensurethatpeoplecansleepsafelyintheirbeds.6.Murderersarenothumansand,therefore,theycannotexpecttobetreatedashumans・7.Capitalpunishmentshouldbeamajordeterrent.Otherstrictlawsshouldalsobeputintopractice・8.Alifesentenceisonlyanominalsentence.Itleavesachanceforthecriminaltoescape.9.Thosewhoarelenienttocriminalsareunkindtoinnocentpeople・10.Weshouldrftbeblindedbyemotionalarguments,whichleadstorelaxationofharshlaws.Counter-argument1・Capitalpunishmentshouldnotbeamajordeterrent.Emphasisshouldbeputonthereformofcriminals.2.Ithasbeenprovedmanytimesinthepastthattherelaxationofharshlawshasneverledtoanincreaseincrime・Therefore,the“deterrent^argumentisabsurd:capitalpunishmentneverprotectedanyone.3.Thoseinfavourofcapitalpunishmentaremotivatedonlybyadesireforrevengeandretaliation.4.Therehasbeenamarkedtrendinsocietytowardsamorehumanetreatmentoflessfortunatemembers・Thesameattitudecharacterizesourapproachtocrime・5.Suspensionofcapitalpunishmentisenlightened,civilizedandhumane・6.Crimecanonlybedrasticallyreducedbytheeliminationofsocialinjustices-notbycreatingso-called"deterrents^whentherealproblemsremainunsolved・7.Itisillegaltomurder,butarewejustifiedintakingawaythelifeofthemurderer?No.Capital punishmenthelpscreateabloodyworld.&Hewhonevererrsdoesnotexist.Thedeathpenaltyleavesnochanceforfirstoffenderstoreform・9.Murderersvary.Somekillpeopleonlytodefendthemselveswhileothersaretrigger-happy.Itisunfairtogivethedeathpenaltytoeverymurderer.10.Somecriminalscanbereformediftheyarehandledproperly.Thedeathsentenceleavescriminalsnohopeatall.XIVShouldsmokingbeprohibited?Argument1.Smokingshouldbeprohibited,fortheWorldHealthOrganizationpointsoutthatdiseaseslinkedtosmokingkillatleast2,500,000peopleeachyear・2.Scientificresearchhadshownthattheriskofdevelopinglungcancerincreaseswiththenumberofcigarettessmokedperdayandthedurationofthesmokinghabit,anditdiminisheswiththecessationofsmoking.3.Smokingnotonlyleadstolungcancer,butmanyotherdiseasessuchasheartattacks,sorethroat,headache,chronicbronchitis,pulmonaryemphysema,etc.4.Smokingisnotonlyharmfultothesmokerhimself(herself),butalsoresultsinthedeathsofnon-smokers・Statisticsshowthatpassivesmokingiscausing3,000to5,000lungcancerdeathsayearamongAmericannon-smokers・5.AnAmericanscientistestimatedthatsmokerswhoaverageapackageadayfor20yearswillloseabouteightyearsoftheirlives.6.Smokingisanexpensivehabit,forasmokerwhoconsumes10cigarettesadaywillhavetospendatleast40yuanamonth・7.Smokinghasabadimpactonthepsycheofthesmokers.Ontheonehand,smokersrealizethebadeffectsofsmokingandarepersuadedfromtimetotimetogiveupsmoking.Ontheotherhand,manyofthemcanhardlyresistthetemptationtosmoke・Hencetheyoftenloseconfidenceinthemselves.8.Childrenexposedtoparentalcigarettesmokingareputatahigherriskofdevelopinglungdiseaseslaterintheirlives・ 1.Smokingnotonlypollutestheairbutalsomakesthestreetsdirty,forsomesmokersflicktheashofftheircigarettesandthrowcigaretteendseverywhere.2.Smokingspeedsuptheprocessofagingandhelpscausewrinklesonpeople"sfaces.Counter-arguments1・Smokingshouldnotbeprohibited,forcigarettesgiveavastnumberofpeopleagooddealofpleasurealotofthetime.2.Nicotinecanproduceatranquillisingeffectduringhighemotionalandshocksituations,and,therefore,helpstocalmpeopledown.3.Smokingcounteractsthedecreaseinefficiencythattypicallyoccursinboring,monotonoussituations.4.Smokerscanimprovetheirperformanceincomplexsituationswhilesmoking・5.Smokershelpincreasetherevenueofourcountry.6.Smokingkillsnomorepeoplethanepidemicsortrafficaccidents・7.Mostnon-smokersspendalotofmoneyonsnacks,ahabitcostingasmuchassmokingifnotmore・8.Ifsmokingiseliminated,alotofpeopleinthetobaccoindustrywillbeoutofjobs,andthatwillcreatemanysocialproblems・9.Factshaveshownthatifachain-smokersuddenlyquitssmoking,he"smorelikelytohavelungcancerthanthosewhokeepthehabit・10.Everybodyhastherighttokeephisorherhabit.Smokersarenoexception.XV.Shouldstudentsonlylearnfrombooks?Argument1・Onlybookscanprovidepeoplewiththeknowledgethatmakesthemeducated.2.Thecriticismthatwhatstudentsleamtodayisnotadaptedtopresent-daysocietyisutterlywrongbecauseeducationcanneverbeseenonlyintermsofhowusefulthesubjectsarewhenstudentsleaveschool.Weoughttoevaluateeducationintermsofhowmuchthestudentsenjoythosesubjectsand howmuchtheymeantothosestudents.2.Insteadofbeingtrainedtobeutilitarian,studentsshouldbeencouragedtodothingsfortheirownsake,forgellingsatisfactionoutofthemratherthanforwhatisachievedattheend・3.Thosewithagoodcommandoftheknowledgeprovidedinbookscanadaptthemselvesbettertotheirfuturelifethanthosewithout.5・Thosewhostressonlypracticalskillsandtechniquesandignorethefunctionofbooksareshort-sighted・6.Onlybyurgingstudentstoreadmore,writemoreanddomoreexercisescaneducationbeimproved・7.Beingpractical,manychildrenleaveschoolandstartearningmoneyatanearlyage.Becauseofthis,quitealargenumberofchildrenjointheranksoftheilliterateinthecountry.&Withouttheknowledgeprovidedinbooks,thereisnopointintalkingabouttrainingqualifiedpersonnelandfosteringversatiletalents.Counter-arguments1.Educationisagradualextensionofoneself.Itdoesnotonlytakeplaceinschoolbuildings.Itisalife-longexperience・2.Studentsshouldbetaughthowtoliveandhowtogetonwithoneanother・Thisismoreimportantthanreadingandwriting.3.Writing,readingandarithmeticdon"treallymatter.Whatmattersisthatstudentsshouldlearntounderstandtheworld・4.Studentsaresooverburdenedwithclassworkandhomeworkthatmanyofthemdonotenjoygoodhealth.5・Insteadofofferingstudentsbook-learningonly,weshouldencouragethemtogettoknowsocietysothattheywillbemoreadaptabletoreallife.6.Manystudentsarespoiltbyourpresent-dayeducationalsystem.Theymaybetopstudentsatschool,buttheyareatalossastohowtodealwithpracticalmatters・7.Educationisbutafailureifitonlyproducespeoplewhoareunabletoputtheoryintopractice.8.Weshouldpulrightthetendencyofstressingonlystudents1academicachievementandignoring theirmoralandphysicaleducation.Students,intheirformativeyears,shouldhaveachancetobroadentheiroutlookratherthanfeelcompelledtoworktowardspassinganexam・XVLShouldwomenbetreatedthesameasmen?Argument1・Prejudiceagainstwomenviolatesthefundamentalprinciplethatallpeoplearecreatedequal.2.Womenshouldnotbetreateddifferentlyfrommensince,accordingtostatistics,thereisnobasicdifferencebetweenthestandardsandqualityofworkperformedbymenandwomenwhodothesamework.3.Thisisanunfairworld:mostofthetoppositionsinsociety,likecompanydirectors,judges,universityprofessors,etc.areoccupiedbymen.4.Thisisamale-dominantworld.Overcenturiesmenhavebeentrainingandeducatingwomentoconsiderthemselvesinferiorandtoaccepttheirsuperiorposition.Asaresult,notonlymenareprejudicedagainstwomen,butsomewomenarealsoprejudicedagainstthemselvesbecausetheybelievetheyarereallyinferiorandonlyfitforhouseholdchores.5.Womenshouldnolongerbetreatedastheinferiorsex.Theyshouldstandsidebysidewithmenanddefinetheirroleinsociety,inwhichtheycanchoosetoworkoutsideorstayathomeandinwhichtheywillhavemoretimetodeveloptheirowninterests.6.Itisashameinthemodernworldtoconfinewomentothehomeandblocktheirwaytothefullexploitationoftheircapacityandpotential.7.Womenshouldbegivenanequalchaneeofeducationinordertocompetewithmenonanequalfooting.8.Menshouldtakeanequalshareinhouseworksoastoliberatewomenfromthekitchen・9.Itisunreasonableforauthoritiestorefusetopromoteablewomentoimportantpostsjustbecausetheyhavechildrentobringup.Counter-argument1・Sincewealladmitthatwomenbelongtoadifferentsex,weshouldn"tcomplainaboutthedifferenttreatmenttowomen. 2.Womenarebynaturegoodathousekeepingsincethebiologicalfunctionofawomanisfirsttobringchildrenintotheworldandthentobringthemup.Womenshouldn^attributetheexploitationoftheirbiologicaladvantagetomerfsdiscriminationagainstthem.3.Ifstayingathometakingcareofhouseholdchoresisasortofdiscriminationagainstwomen,dowomenagreetoworkoutsidewhiletheirhusbandsdothehouseworkathome?4.Actuallywomentodayhavealreadygotasmuchfreedomastheycouldpossiblywant.Theyenjoytherighttovote;theycangotouniversity;theycancompetewithmeninanyprofessionalfieldonequalterms.Itisgroundlessandunreasonabletoraisetheissueofunequaltreatmentofwomeninsociallife.5.Ithasbeenprovedthatwomenarenotgoodatbusinessmanagement,politicaladministration,etc.Thatiswhywomendon"tholdmanyimportantpostsinsocialandeconomiclife.6.Mostwomenarefamily-orientedbynature.Nottoputtheminimportantpositionsisjusttoshowconsiderationfortheirnaturalinclination.7.Womenshouldnotattributetheirinferiorsocialstatustounequaltreatmentbymen.Theyhavetolookattheirownincompetenceandinabilityforananswer・8.Thefactisthatwomenhavereceivedtoomuchspecialtreatmentinsocietyalmen"sexpense・Womenshouldrealizethatmenareinanunfavourablepositionandarediscriminatedagainst.9.Womenshouldnrtcomplainabouttheirso-called"doubleburden^(workandhouseholdchores)becausemenhavealwaysaskedthemtotakeonlyoneoftheresponsibilities,i.e.takingcareofthefamily.Itiswomenthemselveswhochoosetotakeupboth・XVIIIseuthanasiahumane?Arguments1・Euthanasiaishumanebecauseithelpstohastenthedeathofterminallyillpatients.2.Death,asnaturalasbirth,issometimesahardprocessthatrequiresassistance,andeuthanasiaispartofsuchassistance・3・Deathisanormalandnaturalstageoflife,sopeoplehavetherighttodie.4.Itisunnecessarytomaintainlifeartificiallybeyondthepointwhenpeoplewillneverregain consciousness・4.Extendinganincurablyillpatientslifemeansthesameasaggravatinghispain.5.Effortsshouldnotbemadetoperpetuatewhathasbecomeameaninglessexistence.6.Euthanasiacanbringmentalandphysicalreleasetothepatientandhisfamilywhenheisterminallyillandhasnoprospectofrecovering・7.Mercykillingismotivatedbynothingbutloveandsympathyforthedyingpatient.8.Mostoftheterminallyillpatientsthemselveswanttodiewithdignityandpeaceinsteadofagonyanddegradation.Euthanasiaistheonlysatisfactorywayout.9.Themajorityofpeoplebroughttotrialformercykillingareusuallyfoundinnocentintheend.Counter-arguments1.Itisinhumanetoperformeuthanasianomatterhowpainlesstheprocessis.2.Anyonewhovoluntarily,knowinglyorpremeditatedlytakesthelifeofanother,evenoneminutepriortodeath,isakiller.3.Euthanasiaisacriminaloffencebecauseitinvolvesthekillingofaperson.4.Legalizedeuthanasiawillinviteabuseofhumanlifebecauseanyformofmurdermaybeconvenientlydubbed“mercykilling”byunscrupulouspeople・5.Euthanasiaraisesmanymoralissuessinceitimpliesthatactivemeasuresaretakentoterminatehumanlife.6.Doctorsandnursesshoulddoeverythingtheycantosavedyingpatientsinsteadofhasteningtheirdeathbyactivemeasures・7.Nothingcanhemorebrutalthantakingawayhumanlife.8.Theinstinctforself-preservationisthestrongesthumanbeingspossesses・Itisuntruethatanypatienthimselfshouldwanttodie.9.Doctorsandnursesinvolvedineuthanasiahavediscreditedtheirprofession,foreuthanasiaisaviolationofthefundamentalmedicalprincipletosavehumanlife.XVIHIsmoneythemostimportantthinginlife?Arguments 1・Everythinginmodernsocietyisbasedonmoney.Asthesayinggoes,moneymakesthemarego.2.Parentsobjecttotheirdaughters*marriagesunlesstheirfuturesons-in-lawhavejobswithgoodprospects.3.Manyyoungpeoplemarryformoneyratherthanforlove.4.SomepeopleinShanghaiwouldeventradetheirself-esteemformoney.5.Studentschoosebusinesscoursesratherthanliberalartsforthesakeofearningbigmoneyinthefuture・6.Moreemphasisisputonmateriallifethanonspirituallifeinmodernsociety.Peopledoanythingintheirpowertoearnmoneytobuytheirhouses,furniture,cars,etc7.Peoplearetrainedtobeacquisitivefromanearlyageandarenotconsideredsuccessfulunlesstheymakegoodmoney.8.PeoplespendmostoftheirlivesstrugglingfranticallytokeepupwiththeJoneses.9.Wealthynationsoftendeprivetheirpoorerneighborsoftalentedpeoplebyofferingthembiggersalaries.1().Financialrewardsforpopstarsmakemanypeopleenvythem.Counter-arguments1•Toomuchwealthleadstodisaster.Murderorkidnappingmightoccurwhenbigmoneyisinvolved.2.Thereisamarkedreluctanceamongpeopletoworklonghoursformoney.Manypeopledesiretohavearichandinterestinglife.3.Moneycorrupts.Themoremoneyyouhave,themoreyouwant.4.Successandwealthoftenearnoneenvyandevenhostilitywhichruinsgoodhumanrelationship.5.Manyyoungpeoplerejectmaterialisticvalues・Theyaremotivatedbytheirinterestinwork.6.Manypeoplethinkitisvulgartobeaftermoneyallthetime.Theygiveawaytheirmoneytolessfortunatepeople・7.Manydevotedteachersconsiderteachinganoblecareerandarenotdemoralized bytheirlowsalaries.2.Thereisnowareturnofinterestinthehumanities,whicharousepeople"aacademicinterest.Moneyisobviouslynotthesoleinteresttothesepeople.雅思作文素材一父母的悲观对孩子的影响Doesparentalpermissivenessaffectchildrensdevelopment?Arguments1.Theexcessivepermissivenessofpresent-dayparentsisdoingmoreharmthangoodtochildrenandsocietyaswel1.2・Childrenshoulddevelopthehabitofworkingandlivingindependentlyand,meanwhile,practisethevirtueofbeingfilialtotheirparents.3・Childrenwhohaveasurfeitofhappinessintheirchildhoodoftenemergelikestodgypuddingsandfailtomakeasuccessoflife.4.Thefactthatyoungpeoplenowadaysareself-centred,indifferentandinconsiderateofothersislargelytheoutcomeofparentalpermissivenessintheirchildhood・5.Parentalauthorityinafamilyhelpsachildtodevelophischaracterhealthily.6.Parentsshouldexercisestrictdisciplineovertheirchildrenbecause,themorepermissivetheparentsare,themorerebelliousagainsttheirparentsthechildrenwi11become.7.Lavishcareandexcessivepermissivenesswillonlygiverisetohedonismamongtheyoungergeneration.8.Ifoneletsthechilddowhateverhewantsto,hewillruinthechildforlife.9.WehavetoadmitthefactthatwenowhavegotagenerationofspoiIt,self-centredbratswithnorespectfortheirelders.10.Thespreadofjuveniledclinqucncyinourageislargelyduetoparentalpermissiveness・Counter-arguments1.Morecareforchildrenisnotthesameaspermissivenesstothem・2・ThetruthisthatparentsnowadaysdonottakeenoughcareoftheirchiIdrenandoftenneglecttheirdevelopmentbecausetheparentsareonlyinterestedintheircareers-3・Parentsarenotatallpermissivetotheirchildren・Violenceoftentakesplaceinfamiliesinwhichchildrenareabused・4.Onlyarelaxedfamilyatmospherecanhelpthephysicalandpsychologicalgrowthofchildren.5.Toletchildrendowhattheylikecontributestotheirindependenceandcompetence intheiradultlives.4.Itisunfairtoblameparentsforthespreadofjuveniledelinquency.Therearealotofothercausesinvolved・5.ManycasesshowthatchiIdrenleavehomeandbecomemembersofstreetgangsjustbecausetheycannotbearauthoritariancontroloverthembytheirparents・6.Strictdisciplinedoesnotalwaysworkintermsofdevelopingchildrenspersonalqualities.Toomuchpressureonchildrenleadstorebellionandotherextremeactions・7.Parentsarenotjustifiedinusingviolencetokeepdisciplineandmaintaintheirauthorityoverthechildren.8.Childrenarehumanbeings,too.Theyneedtobeprotectedinsteadofbeingfrequentlyscoldedorphysicallyabused・Whatarethereasonsforlosingavarietyoflanguagesandculture?Cultureisthelearnedandsharedbehaviorofacommunityofinteractinghumanbeings・Andlanguagesarethecornerstonesofaculture,definingwhowcarcasapeople・Justastheworldisbecominglessbiologicallyrich,itisalsobecominglessculturallyandlinguisticallydiverse.Thereareavarietyofreasonsforthelossofculturesandlanguages・1.LossofCulturea)TechnologyTechnologyhasnowcreatedthepossibilityofaglobalculture・Withtheinventionoftelephone,faxmachinesandtheinternet,communicationsarenolongerlimitedbytimeandspace・Quicktransportationssuchasairplaneshavesweptawaytheoldnationalboundariesandshortenedthephysicaldistanceamongpeople・b)Impactofglobalmediaandentertainment・Globalmediaandentertainmenfcompaniesshapeunderstandings,valuesanddreamsofordinarycitizenswherevertheylive・Localculturesarefallingvictimtoaglobalculture・FewstudentsinChinalikeorevenunderstandBeijingOpera;instead,theypreferHollywoodfilmsandinternationalstars.TheUnitedStatesdominatesthetrafficininformationandideas・Anlericanmusic,Americanmovies,Americantelevision,andAmericansoftwarearesodominant,sosoughtafter,andsovisiblethattheyarenowavailableliterallyeverywhereontheEarth・ThisAmericancultureisinfluencingthetastes,lives,andaspirations・inotherwords,culture-ofvirtuallyeverynation.c)Globalization-EconomiccooperationandforeigntradeForeigninvestmentandinternationaltradearetakingplacearoundtheglobe.Thiseconomicglobalizationhasleadto aglobalculture・Forexample,aglobalfastfoodanddrinkculturehasbeenspreadallovertheworldbycompanieslikeMcDonald"sandCoca-Cola.Inthemeantime,localfoodanddrinkculturesarebecominglessdistinctandsomeweakoneswillbegraduallylost.a)ImmigrationImmigrationhasledtoamorehomogeneoussociety.Immigrantsgiveuptheirownculturesinadaptationforthehostcountry"sculture・b)Physicaldamagedonetocommunitieseitherbynaturaldisasters,diseaseorwar.WarinIraqdestroyednotonlyitsregimebutalsoaculturethathasdevelopedforthousandsofyears・Americanideologywillbetransplantedthere・2.LossofLanguageTheworldnowlosesalanguagecvciytwoweeks,arateunprecedentedinhistoiy・Theintricatecombinationofpolitics,genocide,geographyandeconomicsconspireinthedemiseoflanguage・Linguistsestimate(hatin100yearsfewerthanhalfof(heworld"s6000languageswillstillbeinuse.Willthismeanamorepeaceful,communicativeworldsoranairdlinguisticdesert,subjecttothetyrannyofthemonoglotyoke?a)EnglishiseradicatingweakerlanguagesEnglishlanguageisbecomingadominantlanguageintheworld.IfsomeonespeaksEnglish,heorshewillhavenodifficultycommunicatingwithpeopleinalmosteverycorneroftheworld.Asaresult,fewpeoplechooseothersmalllanguagestostudyasasecondlanguage・b)Lossofsmallethnicgroups.Somesmallethnicgroupsliveaclosedlifewithoutcommunicationwiththeoutsideworld.Whcnthenumberofpeoplewithintheseethnicgroupsdiminishes,sodothelanguagestheyspeak. a)Politicaloppositiontominoritylanguages.Somegovernmentsdonotgiveofficialrecognitiontominoritylanguagesoraboriginallanguagesanddonotencouragepeopletospeaktheselanguages・Sotheselanguagesgetlessspokenandwillultimatelybecomeextinct.Somepeoplebelievethatinordertogiveopportunitiestonewqenerationscompaniesshouldencouragehighlevelemployeeswhoareolderthan55toretire・Doyouagreeordisagree?Whv?advantages/strengthsdisadvantages/weaknessesyoungpeopleenergeticandactivecreativebold,readytotakerisksfastlearningopen-minded,readytotrynewthingsequippedwiththelatestconceptinbusinessandmanagementinexperieneednotpracticalsometimeshavingambitiousplansbutnotdown-to-earthapproachesnotloyal,changeworkfrequentlyoldpeopleexperieneedthoughtfulinsightfulvisionaryknowledgeablewell-establishedsocialnetworkloyaltyphysicallynotsofitstiff-mindedtraditionalOldpeopleshouldretirebecausetheyhaveworkedhardforsomanyyearsandshouldtakearest.Afterretirement,theycanliveontheirpensionandcanenjoytheirretirementlifetravelingortakingcareoftheirgrandchildren.Oldpeopleshouldretirebecauseithelpstosolvetheunemploymentproblemofthesocietybyallowingmoreyoungpeopletojointheworkforce・ComDutcrsarcwidelyusedineducation,andsomedcodIcthinkteachersdonotplayanyimDortantrolesintheclassroom.Towhatextentdoyouagree?Computerscanbeagoodaidetoteachersintheclassroombuttheycannevertaketheplaceofteachers・1.Animportantroleofteachersistoencouragestudentstolearn.However,computersarenotcapableofthisspiritualencouragement.Ateacherwillnoticethatastudentisnotinterestedinacertainsubjectanddoesnotlistencarefullyinclass.Theteacherwilltalkwiththisstudentafterclassandfindoutthereasonswhythisstudentisnotintcrcstcd・Thentheteachercantellthestudenttheimportanceofthissubjectandmotivatethestudenttolearnharder. 1.Teachershavedifferentapproachestoteachingdifferentstudentsandwilladjustthecontentorstyleofteachingaccordingtotheneedsofdifferentstudents.Howevercomputersonlyhavefixedprograms.Ateachercanevendesignatailor-madestudyplanforaparticularstudentaccordingtohisorherneeds・Butcomputersvieweverystudentasthesameindividual.2.Apartfromacademicteaching,teachersarealsoconcernedaboutthepsychologicalgrowthofstudentsandoftenteachstudentsaboutmoralintegrity・Incontrast,computersarejustmachinesanddonothavefeelingsoremotions.Teacherswillteachstudentsaboutsuchvirtuesaslove,honesty,moralintegrityandfriendshipetc.3.Computersaremachinesafterallandmachinesbreakdownsometimes.Ifstudentsdependtoomuchoncomputersforstudying,theywillfeelatalosswhenthesemachinesgowronganddonnotworkproperly4.Learningandteachingisahighlyinteractiveprocess.Differentstudentswillhavedifferentquestionsduringdifferentstagesofteachingandleaming.Andtheteacherswillhavetoanswerthemaccordinglyandindifferentways.Butcomputerprogramsarepre-designedbyprogrammerswithoutknowingallthevaryingcircumstancesduringrealteachingandlearningandthereforecannotgivesatisfactoryanswerstoallthesequestions.Teacherscanusecomputersasaverygoodaideintheclassroomforpresentingmultimediafiles・Teachersandcomputerscanco-cxistintheclassroompeaceful!y.Teachersandcomputerscanbeaperfectmatchintheclassroom.Forexample,inalisteninglabequippedwithconiputers,studentswillbeabletorecordthelisteningmaterialsinaCD-Romandthentakehometolistenmore・Somepeoplethinkthatgovernmentshouldn"tputmoneyonbuildingtheatersandsportsstadiums.Itshouldspendmoremoneyonmedicalcareandeducation.Agreeordisagree?Disagree1.Theatersareplaceswheredifferentformsofartsincludingfilms,concert,dramasandoperasetc.,areshownorperformed・Manyofthemareeducationalandcanteachpeopleaboutthehistoryandcultureoftheirowncountriesandofotherforeigncountries.TheycanalsoteachpeopleaboutloveandhatredasinoperaRomeoandJuliet;goodandevilasinthemovie"Schindler"slist：2.Apartfromwork,peopleshouldhavesomecntertainmenttorelaxandenjoytheirsparetime.Iftherearcnomovietheaters,peoplewillhavenoplacetogoforwatchingmoviesandpeople"sliveswillbecomelessinleresting/dullindeed・3.Sportssiadiumsareplaceswheresportscompetitionsareheldwhichcanincreasepeopledawarenessoftheimportanceofahealthybody.Thenpeoplewillattachmoreimportancetophysicalexerciseswhichisthebestwaytopreventdisease・4.Sportsstadiumscanalsoeducatepeopleaboutfaircompetitionaswellthespiritofcoopcration.Italsoencouragespeopletotrytochallengeone"sownlimitinordertoachievebetteraccomplishment. 5.Sometheatersandsportsstadiumsaregreatworksofarchitectureandcanrepresentacountry"soracity"swealthandlevelofcivilization.TheGrandTheatreinShanghaibecomesasymbolofShanghai.SydneyOperaHouseisalandmarkinSydney.1.Theatersareanidealvenueforculturalcommunicationandsportsstadiumsaregoodplacesforstrengtheninggoodrelationshipamongnations・Somepeopleprefertostayinthesamejobforthesamecompany,butothersprefertochangejobsfrequently.Youshouldusespecificreasonstocomparetheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofbothsides.AdvantageofstayinginthesamejobforthesamecompanyPracticemakesperfect.Afterworkingatacertainpositionlongenough,apersonwillbecomeveryfamiliarwiththeworkproceduresandwillbemuchmoreexperienced,skillfulandefficientthannewcomersindealingwithvarioustasksatthisposition.Loyalemployeesarcmorelikelytobepromoted.Ifapersonstaysinacompanylongerthanothers,itusuallymeansthispersonhasmademorecontributionsandismoreloyaltothecompanyandthuswillhavebetterchanceofbeingpromoted・Stayinginthesamejobincreasesaperson"sself-value・Ifsomeonekeepsonlearningthelatestknowledgeandskillsatacertainpositioninacertainfield,thispersonwilleventuallybecomeanexpertoraprofessionaloratleastahighlyskillfulworkerinthisfield,earningmuchmorethanotherfresh-hands・Disadvantageofstayinginthesamejobforthesamecompany=advantageofchangingjobsSomecompaniesarenotworthaperson"swholecareerlife.Therearesomecompanieswhichlagfarbehindtheircompetitorsinacertainindustry・Theyoffermuchlessrewardfortheiremployeesandlheydonolhaveafairpromotionsystemorareasonablewelfaresystem.Somecanbarelysurviveintoday"scompetitivesociety.Thereforebothintermsofremunerationaswellascareerprospect,workinglongforthemisnotwise.Itisnoteasytofindanidealjobthefirsttimeyoulookforit、especiallyforfreshuniversitygraduates・Sometimesitisonlybytryingseveraljobscanapersoneventuallyknowwhatheorshelikesdoingmostorcandobest.Stickingtothewrongtypeofworkmakesitimpossibleforapersontoenjoyworking・Someworkissoboringthatifsomeonekeepsdoingitfortoolong,heorshewillfeeldullandwillbecomelessinterestedandcarefulindoingthatwork.