2019版高考英语大二轮复习第五部分书面表达专题二十人物故事类阅读科普知识类阅 8页

专题二十人物故事类阅读+科普知识类阅读+完形填空+书面表达I.阅读理解A（2018山东聊城一模）StrongestFemaleLiteraryCharactersofAllTimeTherearesomeofhistory，smostinspiringandgreatfemaleswhocanbefoundonthepagesofthesenovels.ElizabethBennetCalled^Lizzievor"Eliza"byherfamilyandfriends,ElizabethBennetisthestubbornandcleverheroinefromthe1813JaneAusten，snovelPrideandPreJudice.She^sthesecondeldestoffivedaughtersintheBennetfamily,and1iketherestofhersisters,sheisexpectedtomarryforstatusandmoney,notforlove・Toremaintruetoherself,shewouldratherremainsingle,aconceptthatwasunheardatthattime.NancyDrewShefirstappearedinthe1930sbutremainsoneofthemosticonicfemalecharactersinal1ofliterature.CreatedbyEdwardStratemeyer,NancyDrewwasnsimplyaprettygirl.Instead,thebold,physicallystrong,andfiercelyintelligentNancyusedhersuperiorintel1igenee—notherlooks—tosolveaseriesofmysteries.JosephineMarchJoMarchisthesecondeldestdaughterintheMarchfamilyandisacentralfocusinthenovelLittleWomen,publishedbyLouisaMayAlcottin1868.At15,sheisstrong-willed,confident,andliteraryanduniikehersisters.Sheisoutspokenanduninterestedinmarriage.Jobothstruggleswithandchailengessociety"sexpectationsofhowwomeninthe19thcenturyshouldcarrythemselves,makingheroneofliterature"smostdaringfemalecharacters.HesterPrynneRecogni刁edbysomecriticsasoneofthemostimportantcharactersinfemale1iterature,HesterPrynneistheleadingcharacterinNathanielHawthorne"s1850novel,TheScarletLetter.Marriedbutseparatedbydistmicefromherhusband,Hesterhasanaffairwithaministermidbecomespregnant.【语篇解读】本文是人物故事类阅读。介绍了四个小说中最鼓舞人心、最伟大的女性。1.WhywouldElizabethBennetratherremainsingle?A.Sheistoostubborn.B.Shedoestwanttocheatherself.C.Shedoestwanttomarryforlove.D.Shewastheeldestdaughterofthefamily. 答案|B解析细节推理题。根据ElizabethBennet中"Toremaintruetoherself,shewouldratherremainsingle,aconceptthatwasunheardatthattime.”可矢山ElizabethBennet不想为金钱和地位结婚，不想欺骗自己，所以保持单身。答案为B项。1.WhatisNancyDrew1ike?A.Kind.B.Outspoken.C.Clever.D.Proud.解析细节推理题。根据NancyDrew中“thebold,physicallystrong,andfiercelyintelligentNancyusedhersuperiorintel1igence—notherlooks—tosolveaseriesofmysteries."可知,NancyDrew勇敢、强壮和聪明,clever是她的一个重要特征，所以选择C项。3・WhocreatedJosephineMarch?A.JaneAusten.B.EdwardStratemeyer>C.LouisaMayAlcott.D.NathanielHawthorne-解析细节推理题。根据JosephineMarch中"JoMarchisthesecondeldestdaughterintheMarchfamilyandisacentralfocusinthenovelLittleWomen,publishedbyLouisaMayAlcottin1868.可知，JosephineMarch是LouisaMayAlcott在1868年出版的小说Little〃沏中的中心人物。答案为C项。4・Whatistherightorderofthetimethesefemalesappearedinnovels?a.ElizabethBennetb.NancyDrewc.JosephineMarchd・HesterPrynneA.dcabB.adbcC.cdbaD.adcb答案|d解析细节推理题。根据文中uElizabethBennetisthestubbornandcleverheroinefromthe1813...Prejudice^;"Shefirstappearedinthe1930s...literaturev；"JoMarch...isacentralfocusinthenovelLittleWomen,publishedbyLouisaMayAlcottin1868”；“HesterPrynneisthe1eadingcharacterinNathanielHawthorne，s1850novel”可知,D项是按照人物出现的时间顺序排列的。（2018河北邯郸质检） Tofightfortheconservationofforestecosystem,severalecologistsincludingDanielJanzenconvincedDelOro,anorangejuiceproducer,todonatepartoftheirforestlandtoanationalpark.Tnreturn,DelOrowasallowedtothrow1argeamountsofwasteintheformoforangepeels（皮）ona3-hectarepieceoflandwithinthenationalparkatnocost.Dealingwithtonsofleftoverpeelsusuallyinvolvedburningthemorpayingtohavethempouredintoalandfill,sotheproposalwasveryattractive.Butayearlater,anotherjuicecompanychailengedthedealincourt,arguingthattheircompetitorwas"pollutinganationalpark•Theyendedupwinning,andthedealbetweenDelOroandthenationalparkfel1through.Thenin2013,whilediscussingpossibleresearchavenueswithTimothyTreuer,DanielJanzenmentionedtheorangepeelstory.Feelinginterested,Treuerdecidedtostopbythatpieceoflandthathadbeencoveredwithfruitwaste15yearsearlier.Whathefoundshockedhim."WhileTwouldwalkoverexposedrockanddeadgrassinthenearbyfields,「dhavetoclimbthroughundergrowthandcutpathsthroughwal1sofvines（藤）intheorangepeelsiteitself,”saidTimothyTreuer.Treuerandhisteamspentmonthspickingupsamples（样品），analy刁ingandcomparingthem.Theyfoundgreatdifferencesbetweentheareascoveredwithorangepeelsandthosethatwerenot.Theareawithorangewastehadrichersoil.Theeffectthattheorangepeelshadonthelandisprobablynotthatsurprisingtopeoplefamiliarwithcomposting（施月巴），butwhatisreallyshockingisthatajudgeactuallythoughtthewasteoforange"ruined”anationalparkandstoppeditfromgoingforward.NowthatTimothyTreuer"sstudyhasreceivedworldwideattention,thistypeof"ruining”isbeingseriouslyconsideredasawayofbringingforestsbacktolife.【语篇解读】本文是科普知识类阅读。主耍讲述了橘子皮对土壤的积极作用。5.WhatdidDelOrousuallydowithorangepeels?A.Addthemtofuel.B.Feedthemtoanimals.C.Burnorburythem.D.Makethemintocakes.答案|c解析细节理解题。根据笫一段最后一句话“Dealingwithtonsofleftoverpeelsusuallyinvolvedburningthemorpayingtohavethempouredintoa]andfi11...attractivev可知，之前处理橘子皮一般要烧掉或掩埋掉。答案为C项。6・WhatcanweknowaboutthedealbetweenDelOroandthenationalpark?A.Itlasted15years.B.ItwassignedbyTreuer.C.Ttwasmadeinabout1998.D.TtwasbrokenbyDelOro.答案|c 解析|推理判断题。根据第三段“Thenin2013,whilediscussingpossibleresearchavenueswithTimothyTreuer,DanielJanzenmentionedtheorangepeelstory.Feelinginterested,Treuerdecidedtostopbythatpieceoflandthathadbeencoveredwithfruitwaste15yearsearlier.”可以推出，15年前DelOro与nationalpark达成协议，由此计算具体应该是在1998年，所以答案为C项。7.WhatwasTreuer"sfinding?A.Orangepeelscontainmuchfibre.B・0rangepeelscanmakesoi1richer.C.Orangepeelsrotawayinashorttime.D.Orangewasteruinedthenationalpark.解析细节理解题。根据第五段“Theyfoundgreatdifferencesbetweentheareascoveredwithorangepeelsandthosethatwerenot.Theareawithorangewastehadricherso订•”对知，他们发现被倾倒过橘子皮的土地更肥沃，所以答案为B项。8.Whatistheauthor^sattitudetowardthejudgementionedinthelastparagraph?A.Disapproving.B.Positive.C.Worried.D.Admirable.H]a解析推理判断题。根据最后一段“...butwhatisreallyshockingisthatajudgeactuallythoughtthewasteoforange"ruined"anationalparkandstoppeditfromgoingforward.”可知，这位法官认为橘子皮毁坏了公园的发展，而作者在文章最后一句话“thistypeof"ruining"isbeingseriouslyconsideredasawayofbringingforestsbacktolife.”中指出，研究表明，橘子皮实际上使森林恢复了生机，所以作者不赞成法官的观点。答案为n项。II.完形填空（2018陕西西安八校联考）ManyyearsagoinasmallIndianvillage,afarmerhadthemisfortuneofowingalargesumofmoneytoavillagemoneylender.Themoneylender,whowasoldandugly,1thefarmer^sbeautifuldaughter.Soheproposeda2.Hesaidhewouldforgivethefarmers3ifhecouldmarryhisdaughter.Boththefarmerandhisdaughterwerehorrifiedbythe4.Sothecunningmoneylendersuggestedthatheputa5pebble（鹅卵石）andawhitepebbleintoanemptymoneybag,6thegirlwouldhavetopickonepebblefromthebag.7shepickedtheblackpebble,shewouldbecomehis8andherfather，sdebtwouldbeforgiven.Ifshepickedthewhitepebbleshe9marryhimandherfathersdebtwouldstillbeforgiven.Ifshe10topickapebble,herfatherwouldbethrownintojai1.Theywerestandingonapebble-strewn11inthefarmersfieldwhenthemoneylenderbentoverto12twopebbles.Ashepickedthemup,thesharp-eyedgirl13thathehadpickeduptwoblackpebblesandputthemintothebag. Thegirlputherhandintothemoneybaganddrewouta14>Withoutlookingatit,shefumbledandletit15ontothepebble-strewnpathwhereit16becamelostamongalltheotherpebbles.“Oh,how17ofme!”shesaid.“Butnevermind,ifyoulookintothebagfortheonethatis18,youwi11beabletotel1whichpebbleTpicked.”Themoneylenderdarednotadmithis19