新高考备战2021届高考英语精选考点突破题19 阅读理解（人物故事类）（解析版）.doc 51页

专题19阅读理解（人物故事类）1.B【2020·全国新高考I山东卷】JeniferMauerhasneededmorewillpowerthanthetypicalcollegestudenttopursuehergoalofearninganursingdegree.ThatwillpowerborefruitwhenJennifergraduatedfromUniversityofWisconsin-EauClaireandbecamethefirstinherlargefamilytoearnabachelor"sdegree.Mauer,ofEdgar,Wisconsin,grewuponafarminafamilyof10children.Herdadworkedatajobawayfromthefarm,andhermotherranthefarmwiththekids.Afterhighschool,Jenniferattendedalocaltechnicalcollege,workingtopayhertuition（学费）,becausetherewasnoextramoneysetasideforacollegeeducation.Aftergraduation,sheworkedtohelphersistersandbrotherspayfortheirschooling.Jennifernowismarriedandhasthreechildrenofherown.Shedecidedtogobacktocollegetoadvancehercareerandtobeabletobettersupportherfamilywhiledoingsomethingsheloves:nursing.ShechosetheUW-EauClaireprogramatMinistrySaintJoseph"sHospitalinMarshfieldbecauseshewasabletopursueherfour-yeardegreeclosetohome.Shecoulddrivetoclassandbehomeintheeveningtohelpwithherkids.Jeniferreceivedgreatsupportfromherfamilyassheworkedtocarherdegree:Herhusbandworkedtwojobstocoverthebills,andher68-year-oldmotherhelpedtakecareofthechildrenattimes.Throughitall,sheremainedingoodacademicstandingandgraduatedwithhonors.Jennifersacrificed（牺牲）toachievehergoal,givingupmanynightswithherkidsandmissingimportanteventstostudy.“Somenightsmyheartwasbreakingtohavetopickbetweenmykidsandstudyingforexamsorpapers,”shesays.However,herchildrenhavelearnedanimportantlessonwitnessingtheirmotherearnherdegree.Jenniferisafirst-generationgraduateandaninspirationtoherfamily-andthat"sprettypowerful.3224.WhatdidJenniferdoafterhighschool?（）A.Shehelpedherdadwithhiswork.B.Sheranthefamilyfarmonherown.C.Shesupportedherselfthroughcollege.D.Shetaughthersistersandbrothersathome.5.WhydidJenniferchoosetheprogramatMinistrySaintJoseph"sHospitalinMarshfield?（）A.Totakecareofherkidseasily.B.Tolearnfromthebestnurses.C.Tosavemoneyforherparents.D.Tofindawell-paidjobthere.6.WhatdidJennifersacrificetoachievehergoal?（） A.Herhealth.B.Hertimewithfamily.C.Herreputation.D.Herchanceofpromotion.7.WhatcanwelearnfromJenifer"sstory?（）A.Timeismoney.B.Lovebreaksdownbarriers.C.Hardworkpaysoff.D.Educationisthekeytosuccess.【答案】4.C5.A6.B7.C【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Jennifer在家里不能提供大学教育的情况下，通过自己的努力，以及家人的帮助完成了四年学位。她的努力不仅让自己以优异的成绩毕业，还给家人，尤其是她的三个孩子树立了榜样，让他们得到了激励。4.C细节理解题。根据第二段的Afterhighschool,Jenniferattendedalocaltechnicalcollege,workingtopayhertuition,becausetherewasnoextramoneysetasideforacollegeeducation.(高中毕业后，Jennifer上了一所当地的技术学院来支付她的学费，因为家里没有额外的钱用来支付大学教育)可知，高中毕业后Jennifer通过自己挣钱来完成大学教学，因为家里没有额外的钱。C.Shesupportedherselfthroughcollege.(她自食其力读完了大学)符合以上说法，故选C项。5.A细节理解题。根据第三段的ShechosetheUW-EauClaireprogramatMisnistrySaintJoseph’sHospitalinMarshfieldbecauseshewasabletopursueherfour-yeardegreeclosetohome.Shecoulddrivetoclassandbehomeintheeveningtohelpwithherkids.(她选择了位于马什菲尔德的圣约瑟夫医院的UW-EauClaire项目，因为她可以在离家近的地方攻读四年的学位。她可以开车去上课，晚上可以回家照顾孩子）可知，Jennifer选择位于马什菲尔德的圣约瑟夫医院的UW-EauClaire项目是因为离家近，这样便于照顾她的三个孩子。A.Totakecareofherkidseasily.(为了方便照顾她的孩子)符合以上说法，故选A项。6.B细节理解题。根据最后一段的Jennifersacrificedtoachievehergoal,givingupmanynightswithherkidsandmissingimportanteventstostudy.(Jennifer为了实现自己的目标牺牲了很多，她放弃了很多个和孩子待在一起的晚上，错过了很多重要的活动)可知，为了实现自己的目标Jennifer放弃了和家人待在一起的时光。B.Hertimewithfamily.(她与家人的时光)符合以上说法，故选B项。7.C推理判断题。根据最后一段的Throughitall,sheremindingoodacademicstandingandgraduatedwithhonors.(虽然经历了这些，但她一直保持着良好的学术地位，并以优异的成绩毕业)和However,herchildrenhavelearnedanimportantlessonwitnessingtheirmotherearnherdegree.Jenniferisafirst-generationgraduateandaninspirationtoherfamily-andthat’stheprettypowerful.(然而，她的孩子们在见证母亲获得学位的过程中得到了重要的一课。Jennifer是第一代毕业生，这对她的家庭来说是一种激励——这是非常强大的。)可知，Jennifer 在艰苦的环境中通过自己的努力不仅以优异的成绩毕业，还给孩子树立了榜样，同时也让家人得到了激励。由此推测，我们可以从Jennifer的故事中学到：努力总会有回报。C.Hardworkpaysoff.(努力会得到回报)符合以上说法，故选C项。2.D【2020·江苏卷】IwasinthemiddleoftheAmazon(亚马逊)withmywife,whowasthereasamedicalresearcher.Weflewonasmallplanetoafarawayvillage.Wedidnotspeakthelocallanguage,didnotknowthecustoms,andmoreoftenthannot,didnotentirelyrecognizethefood.Wecouldnothavefeltmoreforeign.Wewereraisedonbooksandcomputers,highwaysandcellphones,butnowwewerelivinginavillagewithoutrunningwaterorelectricityItwaseasyforustogotosleepattheendofthedayfeelingalittlemisunderstood.ThenoneperfectAmazonianevening,withmonkeyscallingfrombeyondthevillagegreen,weplayedsoccer.Iamnotgoodatsoccer,butthateveningitwaswonderful.Everyoneknewtherules.Weallspokethesamelanguageofpassesandshots.Weunderstoodoneanotherperfectly.Asdarknesscameoverthefieldandthematchended,thegoalkeeper,Juan,walkedovertomeandsaidinamatter-of-factway,“Inyourhome,doyouhaveamoontoo?”Iwassurprised.AfterIexplainedtoJuanthatyes,wedidhaveamoonandyes,itwasverysimilartohis,Ifeltasortofawe(敬畏)atthepossibilitiesthatexistedinhisworld.InJuan’sworld,eachvillagecouldhaveitsownmoon.InJuan’sworld.theunknownandundiscoveredwasvastandmarvelous.Anythingwaspossible.Inoursociety,weknowthatEarthhasonlyonemoon.Wehavelookedatourplanetfromeveryangleandfoundallofthewildestthingslefttofind.Ican,frommycomputerathome,pullupsatelliteimagesofJuan’svillage.Therearenomorecontinentsandnomoremoonstosearchfor,littlelefttodiscover.Atleastitseemsthatway.Yet,asIthoughtaboutJuan’squestion,Iwasnotsurehowmuchmorewecouldreallyruleout.Iam,inpart,anantbiologist,somythoughtsturnedtowhatweknowaboutinsectlifeandIknewthatmuchintheworldofinsectsremainsunknown.Howmuch,though?Howignorant(无知的)arewe?Thequestionofwhatweknowanddonotknowconstantlybotheredme.Ibegancollectingnewspaperarticlesaboutnewspecies,newmonkey,newspider…,andonandontheyappear.Mydrawerquicklyfilled.Ibeganaseconddrawerformoregeneraldiscoveries:newcavesystemdiscoveredwithdozensofnamelessspecies,fourhundredspeciesofbacteriafoundinthehumanstomach.TheseconddrawerbegantofillandasitdidIwonderedwhethertherewerebiggerdiscoveriesoutthere,notjustspecies,butlifethatdependsonthingsthoughttobeuseless,lifeevenwithoutDNA．Istartedathirddrawerfor thesebigdiscoveries.Itfillsmoreslowly,butallthesame,itfills.Inlookingintothestoriesofbiologicaldiscovery,Ialsobegantofindsomethingelse,acollectionofscientists,usuallybrilliantoccasionallyhalf-mad,whomadethediscoveries.Thosescientistsveryoftenseethesamethingsthatotherscientistssee,buttheypaymoreattentiontothem,andtheyfocusonthemtothepointofexhaustion(穷尽),andattheriskoftheridiculeoftheirpeers.Inlookingforthestoriesofdiscovery,Ifoundthestoriesofthesepeopleandhowtheirliveschangedourviewoftheworld.Wearerepeatedlywillingtoimaginewehavefoundmostofwhatislefttodiscover.Weusedtothinkthatinsectswerethesmallestorganisms(生物),andthatnothingliveddeeperthansixhundredmeters.Yet,whensomethingnewturnsup,moreoftenthannot,wedonotevenknowitsname.65．HowdidtheauthorfeelonhisarrivalintheAmazon?A．Outofplace.B．Fullofjoy.C．Sleepy.D．Regretful.66．WhatmadethatAmazonianeveningwonderful?A．Helearnedmoreaboutthelocallanguage.B．Theyhadaniceconversationwitheachother.C．Theyunderstoodeachotherwhileplaying.D．Hewonthesoccergamewiththegoalkeeper.67．WhywastheauthorsurprisedatJuan’squestionaboutthemoon?A．Thequestionwastoostraightforward.B．Juanknewsolittleabouttheworld.C．Theauthordidn’tknowhowtoanswer.D．Theauthordidn’tthinkJuanwassincere.68．Whatwastheauthor’sinitialpurposeofcollectingnewspaperarticles?A．Tosortoutwhatwehaveknown.B．TodeepenhisresearchintoAmazonians.C．Toimprovehisreputationasabiologist.D．Tolearnmoreaboutlocalcultures.69．Howdidthosebrilliantscientistsmakegreatdiscoveries?A．Theyshiftedtheirviewpointsfrequently.B．Theyfollowedotherscientistsclosely.C．Theyoftencriticizedtheirfellowscientists. D．Theyconductedin-depthandclosestudies.70．Whatcouldbethemostsuitabletitleforthepassage?A．ThePossibleandtheImpossible.B．TheKnownandtheUnknown.C．TheCivilizedandtheUncivilized.D．TheIgnorantandtheIntelligent.【答案】65．A66．C67．B68．A69．D70．B【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者和妻子来到了亚马逊，妻子是一名医学研究者。一踏上这里，作者感到非常不适应，通过与当地人的接触，作者了解一些人对外部的世界并不了解。在生物多样性发现的过程中，作者意识到，很多东西是人类已知的，还有很多是人类未知的。65．推理判断题。根据第一段“Wedidn’tspeakthelocallanguage,didnotknowthecustomsandmoreoftenthannot,didn’tentirelyrecognizethefood.Wecouldn’thavefeltmoreforeign.”可知，我们不会说当地的语言，不了解当地的风俗习惯，而且往往我们不能完全认识食物，我们感觉非常陌生。由此可知，作者一到达亚马逊感觉格格不入。故选A项。66．细节理解题。根据第三段“Everyoneknewtherules.Weallspokethesamelanguageofpassesandshots.Weunderstoodoneanotherperfectly.”可知，每个人都知道规则，在传球和射门方面，我们说着同样的语言，彼此非常了解。由此可知，踢球时他们的彼此理解使得他们的亚马逊夜晚很美好。故选C项。67．推理判断题。根据第四段“InJuan’sworld,theunknownandundiscoveredwasvastandmarvelous.”可知，在胡安的世界里，未知的东西和未被发现的东西是浩瀚而神奇的。由此判断，胡安对这个世界知之甚少。故选B项。68．推理判断题。根据第七段“Ibegancollectingnewspaperarticlesaboutnewspecies,newspider...,andonandontheyappear,mydrawerquicklyfilled,Ibeganaseconddrawerformoregeneraldiscoveries:newcavesystemdiscoveredwithdozensofnamelessspecies...Istartedathirddrawerforthesebigdiscoveries.”可知，我开始收集报纸上关于新物种、新蜘蛛的文章……它们源源不断地出现，我的抽屉很快就填满了。我开始用第二个抽屉来储存更普遍的发现:在新的洞穴系统发现了几十个无名的物种……我还为这些重大发现准备了第三个抽屉。由此判断，作者收集报纸文章的初始目的是为了分类我们所知道的事情。故选A项。69．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“buttheypaymoreattentiontothem,andtheyfocusonthemtothepointofexhaustion,andattheriskoftheridiculeoftheirpeers.”可知，但他们更多地关注这些发现，他们把注意力集中在这些发现上直到精疲力竭的地步，冒着被同龄人嘲笑的风险。由此可知，杰出的科学家进行深入细致的研究，做出重大的发现。故选D项。 70．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，作者和妻子来到了亚马逊。一踏上这里，作者感到非常不适应，通过与当地人的接触，作者了解到一些人对外部的世界并不了解。在对这里的风土人情和多样化生物的研究过程中，作者提高了认识，意识到很多东西是人类已知的，还有很多是人类未知的。所以短文的最佳标题为“已知和未知的事物”。故选B项。3.A【2018·浙江卷】In1812,theyearCharlesDickenswasborn,therewere66novelspublishedinBritain.Peoplehadbeenwritingnovelsforacentury—mostexpertsdatethefirstnoveltoRobinsonCrusoein1719—butnobodywantedtodoitprofessionally.Thesteam-poweredprintingpresswasstillinitsearlystages;theliteracy（识字）rateinEnglandwasunder50%.Manyworksoffictionappearedwithoutthenamesoftheauthors,oftenwithsomethinglike“Byalady.”Novels,forthemostpart,werelookeduponassilly,immoral,orjustplainbad.In1870,whenDickensdied,theworldmournedhimasitsfirstprofessionalwriterandpublisher,famousandbeloved,whohadledanexplosioninboththepublicationofnovelsandtheirreadershipandwhosecharacters—fromOliverTwisttoTinyTim—wereheldupasmoraltouchstones.TodayDickens’greatnessisunchallenged.Removinghimfromthepantheon（名人堂）ofEnglishliteraturewouldmakeaboutasmuchsenseastheLouvresellingofftheMonaLisa.HowdidDickensgettothetop?Forallthefeelingsreadersattachtostories,literatureisanumbersgame,andthetestoftimeisextremelydifficulttopass.Some60,000novelswerepublishedduringtheVictorianage,from1837to1901;todayacasualreadermightbeabletonameahalf-dozenofthem.It’spartlytruethatDickens’styleofwritingattractedaudiencesfromallwalksoflife.It’spartlythathiswritingsrodeawaveofsocial,politicalandscientificprogress.Butit’salsothatherewrotethecultureofliteratureandputhimselfatthecenter.Noonewilleverknowwhatmixoftalent,ambition,energyandluckmadeDickenssuchasingularwriter.Butasthe200thanniversaryofhisbirthapproaches,itispossible—andimportantforourownculture—tounderstandhowhemadehimselfalastingone.21.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesBritishnovelsinthe18thcentury?A.Theyweredifficulttounderstand.B.Theywerepopularamongtherich.C.Theywereseenasnearlyworthless.D.Theywerewrittenmostlybywomen.22.DickensiscomparedwiththeMonaLisainthetexttostress________. A.hisreputationinFranceB.hisinterestinmodernartC.hissuccessinpublicationD.hisimportanceinliterature23.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Torememberagreatwriter.B.TointroduceanEnglishnovel.C.Toencouragestudiesonculture.D.TopromotevaluesoftheVictorianage.【答案】21.C22.D23.A【解析】本文写于CharlesDickens诞辰200周年前夕，介绍了CharlesDickens在英国小说方面的重要贡献和深远影响。21．细节理解题。根据第一段对当时情况的描写nobodywantedtodoitprofessionally.Thesteam-poweredprintingpresswasstillinitsearlystages;theliteracy（识字）rateinEnglandwasunder50%.Manyworksoffictionappearedwithoutthenamesoftheauthors...Novels,forthemostpart,werelookeduponassilly,immoral,orjustplainbad.可知，印刷技术落后，人们识字率低，作品上没有作者名字，小说被认为是愚蠢的、不正常的，或者毫无价值可言。故选C。22.推理判断题。根据第二段Dickens’greatnessisunchallenged.和列举的CharlesDickens小说的影响可知，把他和MonaLisa相比是为了说明CharlesDickens在英国小说方面的重要性和MonaLisa在绘画方面的重要性是一样的，故选D。23.写作意图题。根据文中对CharlesDickens及其作品在英国小说史上重要性的描写，和文章最后Butasthe200thanniversaryofhisbirthapproaches,itispossible—andimportantforourownculture—tounderstandhowhemadehimselfalastingone.可知本文是写于CharlesDickens诞辰200周年前夕，由此可知作者写本文是为了纪念这位伟大的作家。故选A。4.[2018·全国卷Ⅲ]WhilefamousforeignarchitectsareinvitedtoleadthedesignsoflandmarkbuildingsinChinasuchasthenewCCTVtowerandtheNationalCentreforthePerformingArts,manyexcellentChinesearchitectsaremakinggreateffortstotakethecentrestage.Theireffortshavebeenprovenfruitful.WangShu,a49-year-oldChinesearchitect,wonthe2012PritzkerArchitecturePrize—whichisoftenreferredtoastheNobelPrizeinarchitecture—onFebruary28.Heisthefirst Chinesecitizentowinthisaward.WangservesasheadoftheArchitectureDepartmentattheChinaAcademyofArt(CAA).HisofficeislocatedattheXiangshancampus(校园)oftheuniversityinHangzhou,ZhejiangProvince.Manybuildingsonthecampusarehisoriginalcreations.ThestyleofthecampusisquitedifferentfromthatofmostChineseuniversities.Manyvisitorswereamazedbythecomplexarchitecturalspaceandabundantbuildingtypes.Thecurves(曲线)ofthebuildingsperfectlymatchtheriseandfallofhills,formingauniqueview.Wangcollectedmorethan7millionabandonedbricksofdifferentages.Heaskedtheworkerstousetraditionaltechniquestomakethebricksintowalls,roofsandcorridors.ThiscreationattractedalotofattentionthankstoitsmixtureofmodernandtraditionalChineseelements(元素).Wang’sworksshowadeepunderstandingofmodernarchitectureandagoodknowledgeoftraditions.Throughsuchabalance,hehadcreatedanewtypeofChinesearchitecture,saidTadaoAndo,thewinnerofthe1995PritzkerPrize.Wangbelievestraditionsshouldnotbesealedinglassboxesatmuseums.“Thatisonlyevidencethattraditionsonceexisted,”hesaid.　　“ManyChinesepeoplehaveamisunderstandingoftraditions.Theythinktraditionmeansoldthingsfromthepast.Infact,traditionalsoreferstothethingsthathavebeendevelopingandthatarestillbeingcreated,”hesaid.“Today,manyChinesepeoplearelearningWesternstylesandtheoriesratherthanfocusingonChinesetraditions.Manypeopletendtotalkabouttraditionswithoutknowingwhattheyreallyare,”saidWang.Thestudyoftraditionsshouldbecombinedwithpractice.Otherwise,therecreationoftraditionswouldbeartificialandempty,hesaid.1.Wang’swinningoftheprizemeansthatChinesearchitectsare　　　　. A.followingthelatestworldtrendB.gettinginternationalrecognitionC.workingharderthaneverbeforeD.relyingonforeignarchitects2.WhatimpressedvisitorstotheCAAXiangshancampusmost?A.Itshillyenvironment.B.Itslargesize. C.Itsuniquestyle.D.Itsdiversefunctions.3.WhatmadeWang’sarchitecturaldesignasuccess?A.Themixtureofdifferentshapes.B.ThebalanceofEastandWest.C.Theuseofpopulartechniques.D.Theharmonyofoldandnew.4.WhatshouldwedoaboutChinesetraditionsaccordingtoWang?A.Spreadthemtotheworld.B.Preservethematmuseums.C.Teachtheminuniversities.D.Recreatetheminpractice.【答案】1—4BCDD【解析】这是一篇介绍人物的记叙文。文章主要介绍了中国著名的建筑师王澍的建筑风格和成就。他是首位获得普利兹克建筑奖(PritzkerArchitecturePrize)的中国人。他把中国传统文化元素融合到现代建筑中,得到了国际建筑界的认可。1.B　推理判断题。根据第二段的“WangShu,a49-year-oldChinesearchitect,wonthe2012PritzkerArchitecturePrize—whichisoftenreferredtoastheNobelPrizeinarchitecture—onFebruary28.HeisthefirstChinesecitizentowinthisaward.”可推知,王澍获得这个大奖是得到了国际上的认可。2.C　细节理解题。根据第四段的“Manyvisitorswereamazedbythecomplexarchitecturalspaceandabundantbuildingtypes…formingauniqueview.”可知,这所学校里的建筑物的曲线完美地配合了山丘的起伏,形成了独特的风格。这种独特的风格让参观者感到惊讶,从而给他们留下了深刻的印象。故选C项。3.D　推理判断题。根据第六段的“Wang’sworksshowadeepunderstandingofmodernarchitectureandagoodknowledgeoftraditions.Throughsuchabalance,hehadcreatedanewtypeofChinesearchitecture…”可知,王澍的作品展示了他对现代建筑和传统的深刻认识。通过达成传统建筑风格与现代建筑风格的平衡,他创造了新型的中国建筑。故选D项。4.D　细节理解题。根据最后一段“Thestudyoftraditionsshouldbecombinedwithpractice.”可知,王澍认为对传统的研究应该与实践相结合。故选D项。5.【2017·浙江卷6月考】BenjaminWest,thefatherofAmericanpainting,showedhistalentforartwhenhewasonlysixyearsofage. Buthedidnotknowaboutbrushesbeforeavisitortoldhimheneededone.Inthosedays,abrushwasmadefromcamel"shair.Therewerenocamelsnearby.Benjamindecidedthatcathairwouldworkinstead.Hecutsomefurfromthefamilycattomakeabrush.Thebrushdidnotlastlong.SoonBenjaminneededmorefur.Beforelong,thecatbegantolookragged(蓬乱).Hisfathersaidthatthecatmustbesick.Benjaminwasforcedtoadmitwhathehadbeendoing.Thecat"slotwasabouttoimprove.Thatyear,oneofBenjamin"scousins,MrPennington,cametovisit.HewasimpressedwithBenjamin"sdrawings.Whenhewenthome,hesentBenjaminaboxofpaintandsomebrushes.Healsosentsixengravings(版画)byanartist.ThesewerethefirstpicturesandfirstrealpaintandbrushesBenjaminhadeverseen.In1747，whenBenjaminwasnineyearsold，MrPenningtonreturnedforanothervisit.HewasamazedatwhatBenjaminhaddonewithhisgift.HeaskedBenjamin"sparentsifhemighttaketheboybacktoPhiladelphiaforavisit.Inthecity,MrPenningtongaveBenjaminmaterialsforcreatingoilpaintings.Theboybeganalandscape(风景)painting.WilliamWilliams,awellknownpainter，cametoseehimwork.WilliamswasimpressedwithBenjaminandgavehimtwoclassicbooksonpaintingtotakehome.Thebookswerelonganddull.Benjamincouldreadonlyalittle,havingbeenapoorstudent.Buthelatersaid，“Thosetwobooksweremycompanionsbyday,andundermypillowatnight.”Whileitislikelythatheunderstoodverylittleofthebooks，theywerehisintroductiontoclassicalpaintings.Thenineyearoldboydecidedthenthathewouldbeanartist.21．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Benjamin"svisittoPhiladelphia.B.Williams"influenceonBenjamin.C.ThebeginningofBenjamin"slifeasanartist.D.ThefriendshipbetweenBenjaminandPennington.22．WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph3suggest?A.Thecatwouldbecloselywatched.B.Thecatwouldgetsomemedicalcare.C.Benjaminwouldleavehishomeshortly.D.Benjaminwouldhaverealbrushessoon.23．WhatdidPenningtondotohelpBenjamindevelophistalent?A.Hetookhimtoseepaintingexhibitions. B.Heprovidedhimwithpaintingmaterials.C.HesenthimtoaschoolinPhiladelphia.D.Hetaughthimhowtomakeengravings.24．Williams"twobookshelpedBenjaminto________．A.mastertheuseofpaintsB.appreciatelandscapepaintingsC.gettoknowotherpaintersD.makeuphismindtobeapainter【答案】21—24CDBD【解析】本文是一篇人物介绍类的记叙文，主要讲述了美国绘画之父本杰明·韦斯特小时候绘画天赋的培养和他在6至9岁时受到的艺术启蒙教育。21.C　主旨大意题。根据文章第一段首句“BenjaminWest…showedhistalentforartwhen…”，以及下文第四段首句提到的“In1747,whenBenjaminwasnineyearsold…”和最后一段内容及最后一句“…boydecidedthenthathewouldbeanartist.”，并结合全文可知，文章主要讲述了BenjaminWest(本杰明·韦斯特)少年时代的艺术启蒙，特别是6～9岁阶段，所以C项能概括全文大意。22．句意理解题，此句是第三段的首句，所以可根据第三段的大意来推断这句话想要告诉我们什么，这段主要讲了Benjamin的一个表哥由于被Benjamin的绘画才能所打动，所以就送给他一些颜料和一些真正的画笔，所以划线句“猫的境地将要得到改善”是表明Benjamin很快有了真正的画笔，所以不用剪猫的毛来做画笔了，故选D.23.B　细节理解题。根据文章第五段首句“Inthecity,MrPenningtongaveBenjaminmaterialsforcreatingoilpaintings.”可知，为了更好地培养本杰明的画画天赋，堂兄Pennington给了他很多帮助，提供了创作用的材料等，故选B项。24.D　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段本杰明说的话，以及“Whileitislikelythatheunderstood…Thenineyearoldboydecidedthenthathewouldbeanartist.”可知，著名画家William给予的两本关于绘画的著作启迪了本杰明幼小的心灵，帮助他打开了通往伟大艺术的殿堂之门，使他立志成为艺术家，所以答案选D项。6.[2017·浙江卷6月考]ABenjaminWest,thefatherofAmericanpainting,showedhistalentforartwhenhewasonlysixyearsofage.Buthedidnotknowaboutbrushesbeforeavisitortoldhimheneededone.Inthosedays,abrushwasmadefromcamel"shair.Therewerenocamelsnearby.Benjamindecidedthatcathairwouldworkinstead.Hecutsomefur fromthefamilycattomakeabrush.Thebrushdidnotlastlong.SoonBenjaminneededmorefur.Beforelong,thecatbegantolookragged(蓬乱).Hisfathersaidthatthecatmustbesick.Benjaminwasforcedtoadmitwhathehadbeendoing.Thecat"slotwasabouttoimprove.Thatyear,oneofBenjamin"scousins,MrPennington,cametovisit.HewasimpressedwithBenjamin"sdrawings.Whenhewenthome,hesentBenjaminaboxofpaintandsomebrushes.Healsosentsixengravings(版画)byanartist.ThesewerethefirstpicturesandfirstrealpaintandbrushesBenjaminhadeverseen.In1747，whenBenjaminwasnineyearsold，MrPenningtonreturnedforanothervisit.HewasamazedatwhatBenjaminhaddonewithhisgift.HeaskedBenjamin"sparentsifhemighttaketheboybacktoPhiladelphiaforavisit.Inthecity,MrPenningtongaveBenjaminmaterialsforcreatingoilpaintings.Theboybeganalandscape(风景)painting.WilliamWilliams,awellknownpainter，cametoseehimwork.WilliamswasimpressedwithBenjaminandgavehimtwoclassicbooksonpaintingtotakehome.Thebookswerelonganddull.Benjamincouldreadonlyalittle,havingbeenapoorstudent.Buthelatersaid，“Thosetwobooksweremycompanionsbyday,andundermypillowatnight.”Whileitislikelythatheunderstoodverylittleofthebooks，theywerehisintroductiontoclassicalpaintings.Thenineyearoldboydecidedthenthathewouldbeanartist.21．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Benjamin"svisittoPhiladelphia.B.Williams"influenceonBenjamin.C.ThebeginningofBenjamin"slifeasanartist.D.ThefriendshipbetweenBenjaminandPennington.22．WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph3suggest?A.Thecatwouldbecloselywatched.B.Thecatwouldgetsomemedicalcare.C.Benjaminwouldleavehishomeshortly.D.Benjaminwouldhaverealbrushessoon.23．WhatdidPenningtondotohelpBenjamindevelophistalent?A.Hetookhimtoseepaintingexhibitions.B.Heprovidedhimwithpaintingmaterials.C.HesenthimtoaschoolinPhiladelphia. D.Hetaughthimhowtomakeengravings.24．Williams"twobookshelpedBenjaminto________．A.mastertheuseofpaintsB.appreciatelandscapepaintingsC.gettoknowotherpaintersD.makeuphismindtobeapainter【答案】CDBD【解析】本文是一篇人物介绍类的记叙文，主要讲述了美国绘画之父本杰明·韦斯特小时候绘画天赋的培养和他在6至9岁时受到的艺术启蒙教育。21.C　主旨大意题。根据文章第一段首句“BenjaminWest…showedhistalentforartwhen…”，以及下文第四段首句提到的“In1747,whenBenjaminwasnineyearsold…”和最后一段内容及最后一句“…boydecidedthenthathewouldbeanartist.”，并结合全文可知，文章主要讲述了BenjaminWest(本杰明·韦斯特)少年时代的艺术启蒙，特别是6～9岁阶段，所以C项能概括全文大意。22.D　句意理解题。该句需要结合上下文来理解。根据上文第二段提到本杰明剪猫的毛来制作画笔，导致猫的“毁毛破相”，而第三段提到本杰明的堂兄Pennington给他送来了很多画画的颜料和画笔。由此我们可以推断，该下划线句子内容说明“猫的命运不久将得到改善”，而这一点可以从本杰明得到了很多画笔资助推断出来。故这句话隐含着“本杰明将很快不再需要用猫的毛制作画笔了，他将得到很多真正的画笔”的意思，答案选D项。23.B　细节理解题。根据文章第五段首句“Inthecity,MrPenningtongaveBenjaminmaterialsforcreatingoilpaintings.”可知，为了更好地培养本杰明的画画天赋，堂兄Pennington给了他很多帮助，提供了创作用的材料等，故选B项。24.D　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段本杰明说的话，以及“Whileitislikelythatheunderstood…Thenineyearoldboydecidedthenthathewouldbeanartist.”可知，著名画家William给予的两本关于绘画的著作启迪了本杰明幼小的心灵，帮助他打开了通往伟大艺术的殿堂之门，使他立志成为艺术家，所以答案选D项。7.[2017·北京卷]AItwasacoldMarchdayinHighPoint,NorthCarolina.ThegirlsontheWesleyanAcademysoftballteamwerewaitingfortheirnextturnsatbatduringpractice,stampingtheirfeettostaywarm.EighthgraderTaylorBisbeeshivered(发抖)alittleasshewatchedherteammateParisWhiteplay.Thetwodidn"tknoweachotherwell—Taylorhadjustmovedtotownamonthorsobefore. Suddenly,Parisfelltotheground.“Paris"seyesrolledback，”Taylorsays.“Shestartedshaking.Iknewitwasanemergency.”Itcertainlywas.Parishadsufferedasuddenheartfailure.Withoutimmediatemedicalcare,Pariswoulddie.Atfirst,noonemoved.Thegirlswereinshock.Thenthesoftballcoachshoutedout,“DoesanyoneknowCPR？”CPRisalifesavingtechnique.TodoCPR,youpressonthesickperson"schestsothatbloodmovesthroughthebodyandtakesoxygentoorgans.Withoutoxygen,thebrainisdamagedquickly.Amazingly,TaylorhadjusttakenaCPRcoursethedaybefore.Still,shehesitated.Shedidn"tthinksheknewitwellenough.Butwhennooneelsecameforward,TaylorrantoParisandbegandoingCPR.“Itwasscary.Iknewitwasthedifferencebetweenlifeanddeath，”saysTaylor.Taylor"sswiftactionhelpedherteammatescalmdown.Onegirlcalled911.Twomorerantogettheschoolnurse,whobroughtadefibrillator,anelectronicdevice(器械)thatcanshocktheheartbackintowork.Luckstayedwiththem:Paris"sheartbeatreturned.“IknowIwasreallylucky，”Parissaysnow.“Mostpeopledon"tsurvivethis.Myteamsavedmylife.”ExpertssayParisisright:forasuddenheartfailure,thesinglebestchanceforsurvivalishavingsomeonenearbystepinanddoCPRquickly.Today,Parisisbackonthesoftballteam.Taylorwillapplytocollegesoon.Shewantstobeanurse.“Ifeelmoreconfidentinmyactionsnow，”Taylorsays.“IknowIcanactunderpressureinascarysituation.”56．WhathappenedtoParisonaMarchday?A．Shecaughtabadcold.B．Shehadasuddenheartproblem.C．Shewasknockeddownbyaball.D．Sheshiveredterriblyduringpractice.57．WhydoesParissayshewaslucky?A．Shemadeaworthyfriend.B．Sherecoveredfromshock.C．ShereceivedimmediateCPR.D．Shecamebackonthesoftballteam.58．WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeTaylor?A．Enthusiasticandkind.B．Courageousandcalm. C．Cooperativeandgenerous.D．Ambitiousandprofessional.【答案】56—58BCB【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了垒球女孩Paris在打球的过程中突然心力衰竭，队友Taylor对其进行了紧急心肺复苏，Paris因此恢复了心跳的故事。文章旨在说明病人心力衰竭时，其他人保持冷静并对其进行紧急心肺复苏的重要性。56．B　细节理解题。根据第三段中“Itcertainlywas.Parishadsufferedasuddenheartfailure.”可知，Paris突然心力衰竭，所以答案为B。57．C　推理判断题。根据第六段可知队友的协助使Paris得到了及时的救助，所以Paris说自己很幸运。故答案为C。58．B　推理判断题。根据第五段中“Butwhennooneelsecameforward,TaylorrantoParisandbegandoingCPR.”可知Taylor非常的勇敢，以及第六段首句“Taylor"sswiftactionhelpedherteammatescalmdown.”可知，Taylor是一个勇敢、冷静的女孩，所以答案为B。8.[2017·全国卷Ⅰ]BIworkwithVolunteersforWildlife,arescueandeducationorganizationatBaileyArboretuminLocustValley.Tryingtohelpinjured,displacedorsickcreaturescanbeheartbreaking;survivalisnevercertain.However,whenitworks,itissimplybeautiful.IgotarescuecallfromawomaninMuttontown.Shehadfoundayoungowl(猫头鹰)ontheground.WhenIarrived,Isawa2to3weekoldowl.Ithadalreadybeenplacedinacarrierforsafety.Iexaminedthechick(雏鸟)anditseemedfine.IfIcouldlocatethenest,Imighthavebeenabletoputitback,butnoluck.Mynextworkwastoconstructanestandanchoritinatree.Thehomeownerwasveryhelpful.Awirebasketwasfound.Iputsomepinebranchesintothebaskettomakethisnestsafeandcomfortable.Iplacedthechickinthenest,anditquicklycalmeddown.Nowallthatwasneededweretheparents,buttheywereabsent.Igavethehomeownerarecordingofthehungerscreamsofowlchicks.Theseadvertisethepresenceofchickstoadults;theymightalsoencourageourchicktostartcallingaswell.Igavetheownerasmuchinformationaspossibleandheadedhometoseewhatnewsthenightmightbring.Anervousnighttobesure，butsometimesthespiritsofnaturesmileonusall!Thehomeownercalledtosaythattheparentshadrespondedtotherecordings.Idroveoverandsawthechickinthenestlookinghealthyandactive.Anditwasaccompaniedinthenestbythegreatestsightofall—LUNCH！Theparentshaddonetheirduty andwouldprobablycontinuetodoso.24．Whatisunavoidableintheauthor"srescueworkaccordingtoParagraph1?A．Effortsmadeinvain.B．Gettinginjuredinhiswork.C．Feelinguncertainabouthisfuture.D．Creaturesforcedoutoftheirhomes.25．WhywastheauthorcalledtoMuttontown?A．Torescueawoman.B．Totakecareofawoman.C．Tolookatababyowl.D．Tocureayoungowl.26．Whatmadethechickcalmdown?A．Anewnest.B．Somefood.C．Arecording.D．Itsparents.27．Howwouldtheauthorfeelabouttheoutcomeoftheevent?A．It"sunexpected.B．It"sbeautiful.C．It"shumorous.D．It"sdiscouraging.【答案】24—27ACAB【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要介绍了作者救助一只小猫头鹰，给它做新的窝，帮助它回到父母身边的故事。24.A　细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“Tryingtohelpinjured,displacedorsickcreaturescanbeheartbreaking;survivalisnevercertain.”可知，救助受伤动物是令人心碎的，因为不知道被救助的动物是否能活下去，也就是为救助动物而花费的努力可能会白费，这是不可避免的。故选A。25.C　细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Shehadfoundayoungowl(猫头鹰)ontheground.WhenIarrived,Isawa2to3weekoldowl.”可知，有人给作者打电话是因为有只小猫头鹰掉在地上了，作者赶过去看看情况。文中并没有说小猫头鹰受伤了，作者只是过去看情况，所以D选项错误。故选C。 26.A　细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“Iplacedthechickinthenest,anditquicklycalmeddown.”可知，在作者把小猫头鹰放在窝里之后，它很快就平静下来，所以是窝让小猫头鹰平静下来的。故选A。27.B　推理判断题。根据前文描述可知作者为小猫头鹰做了窝，并且帮助它找回了它的父母。作者的救助成功了，说明结局是美好的。再结合第一段的“However,whenitworks,itissimplybeautiful.”可推测，作者感觉很美好。故选B。9.[2017·全国卷Ⅱ]BIfirstmetPaulNewmanin1968,whenGeorgeRoyHill,thedirectorofButchCassidyandtheSundanceKid,introducedusinNewYorkCity.Whenthestudiodidn"twantmeforthefilm—itwantedsomebodyaswellknownasPaul—hestoodupforme.Idon"tknowhowmanypeoplewouldhavedonethat;theywouldhavelistenedtotheiragentsorthestudiopowers.ThefriendshipthatgrewoutoftheexperienceofmakingthatfilmandTheStingfouryearslaterhaditsrootinthefactthatalthoughtherewasanagedifference,webothcamefromatraditionoftheatreandliveTV.Wewererespectfulofcraft(技艺)andfocusedondiggingintothecharactersweweregoingtoplay.BothofushadthequalitiesandvirtuesthataretypicalofAmericanactors:humorous,aggressive,andmakingfunofeachother—butalwayswithanunderlyingaffection.Thosewerealsoatthecore(核心)ofourrelationshipoffthescreen.Wesharedthebeliefthatifyou"refortunateenoughtohavesuccess,youshouldputsomethingback—hewithhisNewman"sOwnfoodandhisHoleintheWallcampsforkidswhoareseriouslyill,andmewithSundanceandtheinstituteandthefestival.PaulandIdidn"tseeeachotherallthatregularly,butsharingthatbroughtustogether.Wesupportedeachotherfinanciallyandbyshowingupatevents.Ilastsawhimafewmonthsago.He"dbeeninandoutofthehospital.HeandIbothknewwhatthedealwas，andwedidn"ttalkaboutit.Ourswasarelationshipthatdidn"tneedalotofwords.24．Whywasthestudiounwillingtogivetheroletotheauthoratfirst?A．PaulNewmanwantedit.B．Thestudiopowersdidn"tlikehisagent.C．Hewasn"tfamousenough.D．Thedirectorrecommendedsomeoneelse.25．WhydidPaulandtheauthorhavealastingfriendship?A．Theywereofthesameage.B．Theyworkedinthesametheatre.C．Theywerebothgoodactors. D．Theyhadsimilarcharacteristics.26．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inParagraph3referto?A．Theirbelief.B．Theircareforchildren.C．Theirsuccess.D．Theirsupportforeachother.27．Whatistheauthor"spurposeinwritingthetext?A．Toshowhisloveoffilms.B．Torememberafriend.C．Tointroduceanewmovie.D．Tosharehisactingexperience.【答案】24—27CDAB【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者深情地追忆了自己和PaulNewman志趣相投、信念相守的深厚的友情。24.C　推理判断题。由第一段第二句“Whenthestudiodidn"twantmeforthefilm—itwantedsomebodyaswellknownasPaul…”可知，摄制组拒绝接纳“我”，因为“我”没有Paul有名气，由此可以推断作者当时名气不足。25.D　推理判断题。第二段第一句后半部分及后面的内容详细说明了作者和Paul的共同志向、追求与爱好。尽管两人年龄差距很大，但是因为性格相似、志趣相投而成为忘年交。26.A　代词指代题。第三段第一句中的belief后接同位语从句，详细介绍了二人的共同信念：ifyou"refortunateenoughtohavesuccess,youshouldputsomethingback(若有幸取得成功，应该知恩图报)。后句说尽管他们不常见面，但共同的信念让他们心灵相依。由此可知此处的that指的是belief。27.B　写作意图题。文章最后一句点明写作目的。朋友生病住院甚至已不在人世，但他们之间的友情不需要话语就可以珍藏怀念。10.[2017·天津卷]BFifteenyearsago,ItookasummervacationinLecceinsouthernItaly.Afterclimbingupahillforapanoramic(全景的)viewofthebluesea,whitebuildingsandgreenolivetrees,Ipausedtocatchmybreathandthenpositionedmyselftotakethebestphotoofthispanorama.Unfortunately,justasItookoutmycamera,awomanapproachedfrombehind,andplantedherselfrightinfrontofmyview.Likeme,thiswomanwasheretostop,sighandappreciatetheview.PatientasIwas,afterabout15minutes,mycamerascanningthesunandreviewingtheshotIwould eventuallytake,Igrewfrustrated.WasittoomuchtoaskhertomovesoIcouldtakejustonepictureofthelandscape?Sure,Icouldhaveaskedher,butsomethingpreventedmefromdoingso.Sheseemedsocontentinherobservation.Ididn"twanttomesswiththat.Another15minutespassedandIgrewbored.Thewomanwasstillthere.Idecidedtotakethephotoanyway.AndnowwhenIlookatit,Ithinkherpresenceinthephotoiswhatmakestheimageinteresting.Thelandscape,beautifulonitsown,somehowcomestolifeandbreathesbecausethiswomanisengagingwithit.Thisphoto,withtheuniquebeautythatunfoldedbeforemeandthatwomanwho“ruined”it,nowhangsonawallinmybedroom.Whatwouldshethinkifsheknewthatherfigureiscaptured(捕捉)andfrozenonsomestranger"sbedroomwall?Abedroom,afterall,isaveryprivatespace,inwhichsomewomanIdon"tevenknowhasbeenimmortalized(使……永存).Insomeways,shelivesinmyhouse.Perhapsweallliveineachothers"spaces.Perhapsthisiswhatphotosarefor:toremindusthatweallappreciatebeauty,thatweallshareacommondesireforpleasure,forconnection,forsomethingthatisgreaterthanus.Thatphotoisareminder,acapturedmoment,anunspokenconversationbetweentwowomen,separatedonlybyathinsquareofglass.41．Whathappenedwhentheauthorwasabouttotakeaphoto?A．Hercamerastoppedworking.B．Awomanblockedherview.C．Someoneaskedhertoleave.D．Afriendapproachedfrombehind.42．Accordingtotheauthor,thewomanwasprobably________．A．enjoyingherselfB．losingherpatienceC．waitingforthesunsetD．thinkingaboutherpast43．Intheauthor"sopinion,whatmakesthephotosoalive?A．Therichcolourofthelandscape.B．Theperfectpositioningofthecamera.C．Thewoman"sexistenceinthephoto.D．Thesoftsunlightthatsummerday. 44．Thephotoonthebedroomwallenablestheauthortobetterunderstand________．A．theneedtobeclosetonatureB．theimportanceofprivatespaceC．thejoyofthevacationinItalyD．thesharedpassionforbeauty45．Thepassagecanbeseenastheauthor"sreflectionsupon________．A．aparticularlifeexperienceB．thepleasureoftravellingC．theartofphotographyD．alostfriendship【答案】41—45BACDA【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者本来想照一张最好的照片，结果一位女士一直待在那里毁了作者的想法。后来作者把那个人照了进来，而且还把那张照片挂在了卧室里。作者通过这件事意识到自己或许也是别人照片里的风景。41.B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Unfortunately,justasItookoutmycamera,awomanapproachedfrombehind,andplantedherselfrightinfrontofmyview.”可知“我”刚要拍照，突然一位女士从后面靠近，挡了“我”的视线。42.A　推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“…sighandappreciatetheview.”以及第三段中的倒数第二句“Sheseemedsocontentinherobservation.”可知这位女士沉浸在美丽的风景中，非常满足。43.C　细节理解题。根据第四段中的最后一句“Thelandscape,beautifulonitsown,somehowcomestolifeandbreathesbecausethiswomanisengagingwithit.”可知“我”认为这张照片之所以有了生命力，是因为那位女士在照片中的存在。44.D　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“…toremindusthatweallappreciatebeauty,thatweallshareacommondesireforpleasure,forconnection,forsomethingthatisgreaterthanus.”可知“我”从这张照片中更好地理解了人们对美景的共同的爱。45.A　推理判断题。根据文章的内容：作者要拍照，却因一位女士一直站在那里，所以只好把她一起拍进去。但后来作者发现照片因这位女士的存在显得更加生动了。因此可知这篇文章是作者对一次特殊的人生经历的思考。11.【2016·全国新课标I】CIampeterHodes,avolunteerstemcourier.SinceMarch2012,I"vedone89tripsofthose,51havebeen abroad,Ihave42hourstocarrystemcells（干细胞）inmylittleboxbecauseI"vegottwoicepacksandthat"showlongtheylast,inall,fromthetimethestemcellsareharvestedfromadonor(捐献者)tothetimetheycanbeimplantedinthepatient,we’vegot72hoursatmost,SoIamalwaysconsciousoftime.IhadonetriplastyearwhereIwascaughtbyahurricaneinAmerica.IpickedupthestemcellsinProvidence,RhodeIsland,andwasmeanttoflytoWashingtonthenbacktoLondon.ButwhenIarrivedatthecheck-indeskatProvidence,theladyonthedesksaid:“Well,I’mreallysorry,I’vegotsomebadnewsforyou-therearenofightsfromWashington.”SoItookmyboxandputitonthedeskandIsaid:“Inthisboxaresomestemcellsthatareurgentlyneededforapatient-please,please,you’vegottogetmebacktotheUnitedKingdom.”Shejustdroppedeverything.Shearrangedforaflightonasmallplanetobeheldformere-routed(改道)methroughNewarkandgotmebacktotheUKevenearlierthanoriginallyscheduled.Forthiscourierjob,you’reconsciouslyawarethanthatboxyou’regotsomethingthatispotentiallygoingtosavesomebody’slife.29.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“courier”inParagraph17AproviderBdeliverymanCcollectorDmedicaldoctor30.Why does Peter have to complete his trip within 42hours?A. He cannot stay away from his job too long.B. The donor can only wait for that long.C. The operation needs that very much.D. The ice won"t last any longer.31.Which flight did the woman put Peter on first?A. To London        B. To NewarkC. To Providence     D. To Washington【答案】29-31.BD.B【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了作者在一次运送造血干细胞途中的一段经历，表现了人们之间的友爱。29.B词义猜测题。根据本段内容I’vedone89trips和Ihave42hourstocarrystemcellsinmylittlebox以及第二段内容可知作者是运送干细胞的人，也就是deliveryman。故选B。【技巧点拨】词义猜测题的答题技巧。1.根据定义或上下文解释进行猜测2.根据同位关系进行猜测3.根据构词法(前缀、后缀、复合、派生等)进行猜测4.根据转折或对比关系进行猜测。在本文中要根据上下文对作者工作的描写来推测出正确的词义。 30.D细节理解题。根据第一段第二句Ihave42hourstocarrystemcellsinmylittleboxbecauseI’vegottwoicepacksandthat’showlongtheylast.可知冰盒只能保持42小时适宜的温度。故选D。31.B细节理解题。根据第二段末句Shearrangedforaflightonasmallplanetobeheldforme,re-routedmethroughNewark可知，这位好心的女士首先安排作者去Newark的航班。故选B。12.【2016·北京】BSurvivingHurricaneSandy(飓风桑迪)NatalieDoan,14,hasalwaysfeltluckytoliveinRockaway,NewYork.Livingjustafewblocksfromthebeach,Nataliecanseetheoceanandhearthewavefromherhouse.“It’stheoceanthatmakesRockawaysospecial,”shesays.OnOctober29,2012,thatoceanturnedfierce.Thatnight,HurricaneSandyattackedtheEastCoast,andRockawaywashitespeciallyhard.Fortunately,Natalie’sfamilyescapedtoBrooklynshortlybeforethecity’sbridgeclosed.WhentheyreturnedtoRockawaythenextday,theyfoundtheirneighborhoodinruins.ManyofNatalie’sfriendshadlosttheirhomesandwerelivingfaraway.Allaroundher,peopleweresuffering,especiallytheelderly.Natalie’sschoolwassodamagedthatshehadtotemporarilyattendaschoolinBrooklyn.Inthefollowingfewdays,themenandwomenhelpingRockawayrecoverinspiredNatalie.Volunteerscamewithcarloadsofdonatedclothingandtoys.Neighborsdevotedtheirsparetimetohelpingothersrebuild.Teenagersclimbeddozensofflightsofstairstodeliverwaterandfoodtoelderlypeopletrappedinpowerlesshigh-risebuildings.“MymomtellsmethatIcan’tcontrolwhathappenstome,”Nataliesays.“butIcanalwayschoosehowIdealwithit.”Natalie’schoicewastohelp.Shecreatedawebsitepagematchingsurvivorsinneedwithdonorswhowantedtohelp.NataliepostedintroductionaboutaboynamedPatrick,wholosthisbaseballcardcollectingwhenhishouseburneddown.Withindays,Patrick’scollectionwasreplaced.Inthecomingmonths,herwebsitepagehelpedlotsofkids:Christopher,whoreceivedanewbasketball;Charlie,whogotanewkeyboard.Nataliealsoworkedwithotherorganizationstobringmuch-needsuppliestoRockaway.Hereffortsmadeherafamousperson.LastApril,shewasinvitedtotheWhiteHouseandhonoredasaHurricaneSandyChampionofChange.Today,thescars(创痕)ofdestructionarestillseeninRockaway,buthopeisintheair.Thestreetsareclear,and manyhomeshavebeenrebuilt.“Ican’timaginelivinganywherebutRockaway,”Nataliedeclares.“Myneighborhoodwillbeback,evenstrongerthanbefore.”59.WhenNataliereturnedtoRockawayafterthehurricane,shefound______.A.somefriendshadlosttheirlivesB.herneighborhoodwasdestroyedC.herschoolhadmovedtoBrooklynD.theelderlywerefreefromsuffering60.Accordingtoparagraph4,whoinspiredNataliemost?A.ThepeoplehelpingRockawayrebuildB.Thepeopletrappedinhigh_risebuildingC.ThevolunteersdonatingmoneytosurvivorsD.Localteenagersbringingclothingtoelderlypeople61.HowdidNataliehelpthesurvivors?A.ShegavehertoystothekidsB.ShetookcareofyoungerchildrenC.ShecalledontheWhiteHousetohelpD.Shebuiltaninformationsharingplatform62.Whatdoesthestoryintendtotellus?A.LittlepeoplecanmakeabigdifferenceB.AfriendinneedisafriendindeedC.EastorWest,homeisbestD.Technologyispower【答案】59.B60.A61.D62.A【解析】Natalie是一个14岁的孩子，她生活的地方Brooklyn遭到了飓风桑迪的袭击，受灾严重。看到人们在帮助家乡重建，Natalie也加入了进去，Natalie创建网站来分享求助信息，帮助捐赠者找到需要的受助者。Natalie的行为得到了社会的认可和表扬。59.B段落大意题。A项未提及；根据第三段“Natalie’sschoolwassodamagedthatshehadtotemporarilyattendaschoolinBrooklyn”可知，学校没有搬走，而是暂时去Brooklyn上学，排除C；根据“peopleweresuffering,especiallytheelderly”排除D；根据“WhentheyreturnedtoRockawaythenextday,theyfoundtheirneighborhoodinruins.”可知，他们的街区被飓风毁了，故选B。 60.A细节理解题。根据第四段“Inthefollowingfewdays,themenandwomenhelpingRockawayrecoverinspiredNatalie.”可知，那些帮助Rockaway恢复重建的人给了Natalie鼓舞，故选A。61.D细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Shecreatedawebsitepagematchingsurvivorsinneedwithdonorswhowantedtohelp.”可知，Natalie创建了一个网站来分享和匹配求助信息和捐赠信息，故选D。62.A写作意图题。根据倒数第二段“Hereffortsmadeherafamousperson.LastApril,shewasinvitedtotheWhiteHouseandhonoredasaHurricaneSandyChampionofChange.”可知，Natalie的助人行为得到了社会的认可和赞扬，说明小人物也可以有大作为，故选A。13.【2016·天津】BEverymanwantshissontobesomewhatofaclone,notinfeaturesbutinfootsteps.Ashegrowsyoualsoage,andyourambitionsbecomemoreunachievable.Youbegintorealizethatyourboy,inyourfootsteps,couldprobablyaccomplishwhatyouhopedfor.Butfootstepscanbemuddiedandtheycangooffindifferentdirections.MysonJodyhashatedschoolsincedayoneinkindergarten.Scienceprojectswaiteduntilthelastmoment.Bookreportsweren’twrittenuntilthefinalthreat.I’vebeenanewspapermanallmyadultlife.Mydaughterisauniversitygraduateworkingtowardhermaster’sdegreeinEnglish.ButJody?Whenheenteredthetenthgradehebecamea“vo-tech”student(技校学生).They’recalled“motorheads”bytherestofthestudentbody.Whenasecretaryinmyofficefirstcalledhim“motorhead”,Iwasshocked.“Hey,he’sagoodkid,”Iwantedtosay.“Andsmart,really.”Ilearnedlaterthatmotorheadsare,indeed,different.Theyusuallyhavedirtyhandsandweardirtyworkclothes.Andtheydon’toftenmakeschoolhonorrolls(光荣榜).Butbeingtheparentofamotorheadisitselfanexperienceineducation.Wewholaborincleanshirtsinofficesdon’thavetheabilitiesthatmotorheadshave.IbegantolearnthiswhenIhadmycarcrashed.Thecosttorepairitwasestimatedat$800.“Hey,Icanfixit,”saidJody.Idoubtedit,butlethimgoahead,forIhadnothingtolose.Myson,withothermotorheads,fixedthecar.Theygotparts(零件）fromajunkyard,non-toastingtoasterhavebeenfixed.Neighboursandco-workerstrusttheircarrepairtohim.Sincethatfirstrepairjob,abrokenair-conditioner,anon-functioningwasherandanon-toastingtoasterhavebeenfixed.Neighborsandco-workerstrusttheircarrepairstohim.Thesekidsarehappiestwhendoingrepairs.Theyjokeandlaughandarelivingintheirownrelaxedworld.Andtheirmindsarebrightdespitetheirdirtyhandsandclothes. Ihavelearnedalotfrommymotorhead:publishersneedprinters,engineersneedmechanics,andarchitectsneedbuilders.Mostimportant,Ihavelearnedthatfathersdon’tneedclonesinfootstepsoranywhereelse.Mysonmaynevermaketheschoolhonorroll.Buthemademine.41.Whatusedtobetheauthor’shopeforhisson?A.Toavoidbecominghisclone.B.Toresemblehiminappearance.C.Todevelopinadifferentdirection.D.Toreachtheauthor’sunachievedgoals.42.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthor’schildren?A.Hisdaughterdoesbetterinschool.B.Hisdaughterhasgotamaster’sdegree.C.Hissontriedhardtofinishhomework.D.Hissoncouldn’twritehisbookreports.43.Theauthorlethissonrepairthecarbecausehebelievedthat_______.A.Hissonhadtheabilitytofixit.B.itwouldsavehimmuchtime.C.itwouldn’tcausehimanymorelossD.othermotorheadswouldcometohelp.44.Intheauthor’seyes,motorheadsare_______.A.tidyandhardworkingB.cheerfulandsmartC.lazybutbrightD.relaxedbutrude45.Whatdidtheauthorrealizeintheend?A.Itisunwisetoexpectyourchildtofollowyourpath.B.Itisimportantforonetomakethehonorroll.C.Architectsplayamoreimportantrolethanbuilders.D.Motorheadshavegreaterabilitythanofficeworkers.【答案】41—45DACBA 【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者一开始希望自己的儿子能效仿他，完成他没有实现的目标。但是他的儿子学习成绩不理想，只上了技校。一次作者的车坏了，儿子和同学帮助作者修好了车，让作者改变了自己的看法。41.D根据第一段的句子Youbegintorealizethatyourboy,inyourfootsteps,couldaccomplishwhatyouhopedfor.可知，作者希望儿子完成他没有实现的目标。故选D。42.A根据第三段的句子Mydaughterisauniversitygraduateworkingtowardhermaster’sdegreeinEnglish，可知，作者的女儿学习很好。故选A。43.C根据第六段的句子Idoubtedit,butlethimgoahead,forIhadnothingtolose，可知，作者让儿子修车，因为他觉得这不会给他带来损失。故选C。44.B根据倒数第三段的句子Thesekidsarehappiestwhendoingrepairs.Theyjokeandlaughandareinlivingintheirownrelaxedworld.Andtheirmindsarebright…，可知，在作者眼中，motorhead是令人兴奋的，聪明的。故选B。45.A根据倒数第二段的句子Mostimportant,Ihavelearnedthatfathersdon’tneedclonesinfootstepsoranywhereelse，可知，作者最后意识到期望孩子走自己的道路这是不明智的。故选A。14.【2016·浙江】DTwothingschangedmylife:mymotherandawhiteplasticbikebasket.Ihavethoughtlongandhardaboutitandit’strue.Iwouldbeadifferentpersonifmymomhadn’tturnedasillybicycleaccessoryintoalifelessonIcarrywithmetoday.Mymotherandfatherwereunitedintheirwayofraisingchildren,butitmostlyfelltomymothertoactuallycarryitout.Lookingback,Ihonestlydon’tknowhowshedidit.Managingthefamilybudgetmusthavebeenaveryhardtask.,butshemadeitlookeffortless.Ifwecomplainedaboutnothavingwhatanotherkiddid,we’dhearsomethinglike,“Idon’tcarewhatso–and–sogotforhisbirthday,youarenotgettingaTVinyourroomacarforyourbirthdayalsvishsweet16party.”Wehadtoearnourallowancebydoingchoresaroundthehouse.Icanstillrememberhowlongittooktopolishthelegsofourcoffeetable.Mybrotherscannodoubtrememberhoursspentcleaningthehouse.LikethetwolittlegirlsgrowingupattheWhiteHouse,wemadeourownbeds(nooneleftthehouseuntilthatwasdone)andpickedupafterourselves.Wehadtokeeptrackofourbelongings,andifsomethingwaslost,itwasnotreplaced.Itwassummerand,oneday,mymotherdrovemetothebikeshoptogetatirefixed---andthereitwasinthewindow,White,shiny,plasticanddecoratedwithflowers,thebasketwinkedatmeandIknew----Iknew---Ihadtohaveit.“It’sbeautiful,”mymothersaidwhenIpointeditouttoher,”Whataneatbasket.” Itriedtoholdoffatfirst,Iplayeditcoolforashortwhile.ButthenIguessIcouldn’tatanditanylonger:“Mom,pleasecanIplease,pleasegetit?I‘lldoextrachoresforaslongasyousay,I’lldoanything,butIneedthatbasket,Ilovethatbasket.Please,Mom.Please?”Iwasdesperate.“Youknow,”shesaid,gentlyrubbingmybackwhilewebothstaredatwhatIbelieveswasthecoolestthingever,”Ifyousaveupyoucouldbuythisyourself.”“BythetimeImakeenoughit’llbugone!”“MaybeRogerherecouldholditforyou,”shesmiledatRoger,thebikeguy.“Hecan’tholditforthatlong,Mom.Someoneelsewillbuyit.Please,Mom,Please?”“Theremightbeanotherway,”shesaid.Andsoourpayingplanunfolded.MymotherboughtthebeautifulbasketandputitsafelyinsomehidingplaceIcouldn’tfind.EachweekIeagerlycountedmygrowingsavingincreasedbyextraworkhereandthere(washingthecar,helpingmymothermakedinner,deliveringorcollectingthingsonmybikethatalreadylookednakedwithoutthebasketinfront).Andthen,weekslater,Icounted,re-countedandjumpedforjoy.Oh,happyday!Imadeit!Ifinallyhadtheexactamountwe’dagreedupon….Dayslatertheunthinkablehappened.AneighborhoodgirlI’dplayedwithmillionsoftimesappearedwiththeexactsamebasketfixedtohershiny,newbikethatalreadyhadallthebellsandwhistles.Irodehardandfasthometotellmymotheraboutthisdisaster.Thishorribleturnofevents.Andthencamethelesson.I’vetakenwithmethroughmylife:”Honey,Yourbasketisextra-special,”Momsaid,gentlywipingawaymyhottears.”Yourbasketisspecialbecauseyoupaidforityourself.”55.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Thechildrenenjoyeddoinghousework.B.Theauthorcamefromswell-offfamilyC.ThemotherraisedherchildreninanunusualwayD.ThechildrenwerefondoftheUSpresident’sdaughters.56.Whentheauthorsawthebasketinthewindow,she.A.fellinlovewithitB.staredathermotherC.recognizeditatonceD.wentuptothebikeguy57.Whydidtheauthorsaymany“please”tohermother?A.Shelongedtodoextrawork.B.Shewaseagertohavethebasket. C.Shefelttiredafterstandingtoolong.D.Shewantedtobepolitetohermother.58.Byusing“naked”(Paragraph12),theauthorseemstostressthatthebasketwasA..somethingshecouldaffordB.somethingimportanttoherC.somethingimpossibletogetD.somethingshecoulddowithout59.Totheauthor,itseemedtobeahorribleturnofeventsthatA.somethingspoiledherpayingplanB.thebasketcostmorethanshehadsavedC.aneighborhoodgirlhadboughtanewbikeD.someoneelsehadgotabasketofthesamekind60.Whatisthelifelessontheauthorlearnedfromhermother?A.SavemoneyforarainydayB.Goodadviceisbeyondallprice.C.EarnyourbreadwithyoursweatD.Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves【答案】55—60CABBDC【解析】本文为一篇记叙文。作者回忆自己母亲对孩子不寻常的教育方法。通过一个自行车篮子的事情，母亲教会作者什么事情都要自力更生，通过自己努力得到的东西才是珍贵的。55.C根据第二段的句子Wehadtoearnourallowancebydoingchoresaroundthehouse….wemadeourownbeds(nooneleftthehouseunitilthatwasdone)andpickedupafterourselves.Wehadtokeeptrackofndifsomethingwaslost,itwasnotreplaced.可知，作者的母亲用不寻常的方法教育孩子。故选C。56.A根据第三段的句子andthereitwasinthewindow,White,shiny,plasticanddecoratedwithflowers,thebasketwinkedatmeandIknew----Iknew---Ihadtohaveit.可知，当作者在橱窗里面看见这个篮子就喜欢上了它。故选A。57.B根据第五段的句子Itriedtoholdoffatfirst,Iplayeditcoolforashortwhile.ButthenIguessIcouldn’tatanditanylonger:可知，作者说了很多“pleases”，因为她渴望拥有这个篮子。故选B。58.B根据第十二段的句子(washingthecar,helpingmymothermakedinner,deliveringorcollectingthingsonmybikethatalreadylookednakedwithoutthebasketinfront可知作者觉得没有这个篮子，自行车看起来光秃秃的，使用“naked”这个词，说明这个篮子对她是重要的东西。故选B。59.D根据第十三段的句子AneighborhoodgirlI’dplayedwithmillionsoftimesappearedwiththeexactsamebasketfixedtohershiny,newbikethatalreadyhadallthebellsandwhistles.可知作者认为其他人有和她相同的篮子是一个灾难。故选D。60.C根据文章内容可知，作者的妈妈教育作者要通过自己的努力获得想要的东西，也就是Earnyourbread withyoursweat。故选C。15.【2016·江苏】DNotsolongago,mostpeopledidn’tknowwhoShellyAnnFrancisPrycewasgoingtobecome.Shewasjustanaveragehighschoolathlete.TherewaseveryindicationthatshewasjustanotherAmericanteenagerwithoutmuchofafuture.However,onepersonwantstochangethis.StephenFrancisobservedtheneighteen-year-oldShellyAnnasatrackmeetandwasconvincedthathehadseenthebeginningoftruegreatness.Hertimewerenotexactlyimpressive,butevenso,heseemedtherewassomethingtryingtogetout,somethingtheothercoacheshadoverlookedwhentheyhadassessedherandfoundherlacking.HedecidedtoofferShellyAnnaplaceinhisverystricttrainingseasons.Theircooperationquicklyproducedresults,andafewyearlateratJamaica’sOlympicgamesinearly2008,ShellyAnn,whoatthattimeonlyrankednumber70intheworld,beatJamaica’sunchallengedqueenofthesprint(短跑).“Wheredidshecomefrom?”askedanastonishedsprintingworld,beforeconcludingthatshemustbeoneofthoseone-hitwondersthatspringupfromtimetotime,onlytodisappearagainwithoutsigns.ButShellyAnnwastoprovethatshewasanythingbutaone-hitwonder.AttheBeijingOlympicshesweptawayanydoubtsaboutherabilitytoperformconsistentlybybecomingthefirstJamaicanwomanevertowinthe100metersOlympicgold.ShediditagainoneyearonattheWorldChampionshipinBriton,becomingworldchampionwithatimeof10.73---thefourthrecordever.Shelly-Annisalittlewomanwithabigsmile.Shehasamentaltoughnessthatdidnotcomeaboutbychance.Herjourneytobecomingthefastestwomanonearthhasbeenanythingbutsmoothandeffortless.ShegrewupinoneofJamaica’stoughestinner-citycommunitiesknownasWaterhouse,whereshelivedinaone-roomapartment,sleepingfourinabedwithhermotherandtwobrothers.Waterhouse,oneofthepoorestcommunitiesinJamaica,isareallyviolentandoverpopulatedplace.SeveralofShelly-Ann"sfriendsandfamilywerecaughtupinthekillings;oneofhercousinswasshotdeadonlyafewstreetsawayfromwhereshelived.Sometimesherfamilydidn’thaveenoughtoeat.Sheranattheschoolchampionshipsbarefootedbecauseshecouldn’taffordshoes.HermotherMaxime,oneofafamilyoffourteen,hadbeenanathleteherselfasayounggirlbut,likesomanyothergirlsinWaterhouse,hadtostopaftershehadherfirstbaby.Maxime’searlyentryintotheadultworldwithitsresponsibilitiesgaveherthedeterminationtoensurethatherkidswouldnotendupinWaterhouse"sroundaboutofpoverty.OneofthefirstthingsMaximeusedtodowithShelly-Annwastakinghertothetrack,andshewasreadytosacrificeeverything.Itdidn"ttakelongforShelly-AnntorealizethatsportscouldbeherwayoutofWaterhouse.Onasummer eveninginBeijingin2008,allthoselong,hardhoursofworkandcommitmentfinallyborefruit.Thebarefootkidwhojustafewyearspreviouslyhadbeenlivinginpoverty,surroundedbycriminalsandviolence,hadwrittenanewchapterinthehistoryofsports.ButShelly-Ann’svictorywasfargreaterthanthat.ThenightshewonOlympicgoldinBeijing,theroutinemurdersinWaterhouseandthedrugwarsintheneighbouringstreetsstopped.Thedarkcloudaboveoneoftheworld’stoughestcriminalneighbourhoodssimplydisappearedforafewdays.“Ihavesomuchfireburningformycountry,”Shellysaid.SheplanstostartafoundationforhomelesschildrenandwantstobuildacommunitycentreinWaterhouse.ShehopestoinspiretheJamaicanstolaydowntheirweapons.Sheintendstofighttomakeitawoman’saswellasaman’sworld.AsMuhammadAliputsit,“Championsaren"tmadeingyms.Championsaremadefromsomethingtheyhavedeepinsidethem.Adesire,adream,avision.”OneofthethingsShelly-Anncanbeproudofisherunderstandingofthistruth.65.WhydidStephenFrancisdecidetocoachShelly-Ann?A.Hehadastrongdesiretofreeherfamilyfromtrouble.B.Hesensedagreatpotentialinherdespiteherweaknesses.C.Shehadbigproblemsmaintainingherperformance.D.Shesufferedalotofdefeatsattheprevioustrackmeets.66.WhatdidthesprintingworldthinkofShelly-Annbeforethe2008OlympicGames?A.Shewouldbecomeapromisingstar.B.Shebadlyneededtosethighergoals.C.Hersprintingcareerwouldnotlastlong.D.Hertalentforsprintingwasknowntoall.67.WhatmadeMaximedecidetotrainherdaughteronthetrack?A.Hersuccessandlessonsinhercareer.B.HerinterestinShelly-Ann’squickprofit.C.HerwishtogetShelly-Annoutofpoverty.D.Herearlyentranceintothesprintingworld.68.WhatcanweinferfromShelly-Ann"sstatementunderlinedinParagraph5?A.Shewashighlyrewardedforherefforts.B.Shewaseagertodomoreforhercountry. C.Shebecameanathleticstarinhercountry.D.Shewastheenvyofthewholecommunity.69.BymentioningMuhammadAli’swords,theauthorintendstotellusthat.A.playersshouldbehighlyinspiredbycoachesB.greatathletesneedtoconcentrateonpatienceC.hardworkisnecessaryinone’sachievementsD.motivationallowsgreatathletestobeonthetop70.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheMakingofaGreatAthleteB.TheDreamforChampionshipC.TheKeytoHighPerformanceD.ThePowerofFullResponsibility【答案】65.B66.C67.C68.B69.D70.A【解析】本文是一篇励志短文，牙买加著名女飞人Shelly-Ann从不被人看好到成为奥运冠军，再到最后成为世界上跑的最快的女性，并想用自己的影响力改变能够吞噬了很多人梦想的贫民窟。65.B推理判断题。根据第一段五、六句“StephenFrancisobservedtheneighteen-year-oldShellyAnnasatrackmeetandwasconvincedthathehadseenthebeginningoftruegreatness.Hertimewerenotexactlyimpressive,butevenso,heseemedtherewassomethingtryingtogetout,somethingtheothercoacheshadoverlookedwhentheyhadassessedherandfoundherlacking.”可知StephenFrancis教练从她的身上看到了其他教练忽视的潜力。故B正确。66.C推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“Wheredidshecomefrom?”askedanastonishedsprintingworld,beforeconcludingthatshemustbeoneofthoseone-hitwondersthatspringupfromtimetotime,onlytodisappearagainwithoutsigns.当2008年奥运会上Shelly-Ann获得冠军以后，很多人都质疑她是一个流星而已，认为她的成功不会延续很长时间。故C项正确。67.C推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句Maxime’searlyentryintotheadultworldwithitsresponsibilitiesgaveherthedeterminationtoensurethatherkidswouldnotendupinWaterhouse"sroundaboutofpoverty.OneofthefirstthingsMaximeusedtodowithShelly-Annwastakinghertothetrack,andshewasreadytosacrificeeverything.可知Shelly-Ann的母亲Maxime很早进入要承担很多责任的成人世界，她决定要让女儿Shelly-Ann离开混乱的Waterhouse，唯一的方法就是让女儿练习田径。故C项正确。68.B推理判断题。根据第五段最后四句“Ihavesomuchfireburningformycountry,”Shellysaid.Sheplansto startafoundationforhomelesschildrenandwantstobuildacommunitycentreinWaterhouse.ShehopestoinspiretheJamaicanstolaydowntheirweapons.Sheintendstofighttomakeitawoman’saswellasaman’sworld.可知Shelly-Ann计划为牙买加建立无家可归儿童基金会，鼓励牙买加人放下武器。说明她很迫切地想为祖国做一些事情。故B正确。69.D推理判断题。根据最后一段拳王阿里的名言：冠军不是体育馆里造出来的。造就冠军的是冠军内心深处的某种东西─渴望、梦想、愿景。他们需同时拥有技能和意志，但是意志必须强于技能。作者是在鼓励运动员们达到巅峰。故D项正确。70.A标题概括题。本文介绍了牙买加著名女飞人Shelly-Ann从不被人看好到成为奥运冠军，再到最后成为世界上跑的最快的女性。激励我们要想成功必须要经过艰苦的努力。故A项正确。BCD三项的范围有点过大，与文章不贴切。16.【2015·湖北卷】BWhatTheresaLoeisdoingprovesthatalargefarmisn’t prerequisite foramoderngrow-your-ownlifestyle.Onamere1/10ofanacreinLosAngeles,Loeandherfamilygrow,can（装罐）andpreservemuchofthefoodtheyconsume. Loeisamasterfoodpreserver,gardenerandcanningexpert.Shealsooperatesawebsite,wheresheshareshertipsandrecipes,withthegoalofdemonstratingthateveryhastheabilitytocontrolwhat’sontheirplate. Loeinitiallywenttoschooltobecomeanengineer,butshequicklylearnedthatherenthusiasmwasmainlyaboutgrowingandpreparingherownfood.“Igotintocookingmyownfoodandstartedgrowingmyownherbs(香草)andfoodsforthatfreshflavor,”shesaid.Engineerbyday,Loelearnedcookingatnightschool.Sheultimatelypurchasedasmallpieceoflandwithherhusbandandbegangrowingtheirownfoods.“Iteachpeoplehowtolivefarm-freshwithoutafarm,”Loesaid.ThroughherwebsiteLoeemphasizesthat“anybodycandothisanywhere.”Gotanapartmentwithabalcony（阳台）?Plantsomeherbs.Awindow?Perfectspotforgrowing.Startwithherbs,sherecommends,because“they’reveryforgiving.”Justalittleoftheherbs“cantakeyourregularcookingtoawholenewlevel,”sheadded.“Ithinkit’sagreatplacetostart.”“Then?Trygrowingsomethingfromaseed,shesaid,likeatomatoorsometea.”Canningisanaturalextensionoftheplantingshedoes.Witheveryplantedfood.Loenoted,there’samomentwhenit’sburstingwithitsabsolutepeakflavor.“Itryandkeepitinatimecapsuleinacanningjar,”Loesaid.“Canningformeisaboutknowingwhat’sinyourfood,knowingwhereitcomesfrom.” Inadditiontobeingmoreintouchwiththefoodshe’seating,anotherjoycomesfrompassingthisknowledgeandthisdesireforgoodfoodtoherchildren:“Influencingthemandtellingthemyouropiniononnotonlybeingcarefulwhatweeatbutunderstanding thebiggerpicture,”shesaid,“thatifwedon’ttakecareoftheearth,nowill.”55.Theunderlinedword“prerequisite”(Pare.1)isclosestinmeaningto“______”.A.recipeB.substituteC.requirementD.challenge56.WhydoesLoesuggeststartingwithherbs?A.Theyareuseddaily.B.Theyareeasytogrow.C.TheycangrowverytallD.Theycanbeeatenuncooked57.AccordingtoLoe,whatisthebenefitofcanningherplantedfoods?A.ItcanpreservetheirbestflavorB.ItcanpromoteheronlinesalesC.ItcanbetterhercookingskillsD.Itcanimprovetheirnutrition58.Whatisthe“thebiggerpicture”(Para.6)thatLoewishesherchildrentounderstand?A.TheknowledgeaboutgoodfoodB.Thewaytoliveagrow-our-ownlifeC.Thejoyofgettingintouchwithfoods D.Theresponsibilitytoprotectourearth【答案】55—58CBAD【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。Loe是“自己种植”现代生活方式的实践者，她热衷于自己种植香草和味道新鲜的食物，并将食物装入密封罐中保持以保持最佳的风味，更想通过自己的举动影响孩子们，让他们意识到保护地球的责任。55.C词义猜测题。根据首段第二句“Onamere1/10ofanacre…andpreservemuchofthefoodtheyconsume”可知面积并不是硬要求。该句句意为：Loe在那里所做的一切证明，一个大农场对“自己种植”现代生活方式来说并不是一个硬要求。故选C项。56.B细节理解题。根据第四段中“Startwithherbs…Justalittleoftheherbs…”可知香草很容易生长。故选B项。 57.A细节理解题。根据第五段中“thereisamomentwhenit’sburstingwithitsabsolutepeakflavor.‘Itrytokeepitinatimecapsuleinacanningjar,’”可知将种植的事物装入密封罐中保存的好处是能够保持最佳的风味。故选A项。58.D词义猜测题。根据最后一段中尾句“thatifwedon’ttakecareoftheearth,noonewill”可知thebiggerpicture指的是保护地球的责任。故选D项。17.【2015·北京卷】ATheBoyMadeIt!OneSunday,Nicholas,ateenager,wentskiingatSugarloafMountaininMaine.Intheearlyafternoon,whenhewasplanningtogohome,afiercesnowstormsweptintothearea.Unabletoseefar,heaccidentallyturnedoffthepath.Beforeheknewit,Nicholaswaslost,allalone!Hedidn’thavefood,water,aphone,orothersupplies.Hewasgettingcolderbytheminute.Nicholashadnoideawherehewas.Hetriednottopanic.HethoughtaboutallthesurvivalshowshehadwatchedonTV.Itwastimetoputthetipshehadlearnedtouse.Hedecidedtostopskiing.Therewasabetterchanceofsomeonefindinghimifhestayedput.Thefirstthinghedidwastofindshelterformthefreezingwindandsnow.Ifhedidn’t,hisbodytemperaturewouldgetverylow,whichcouldquicklykillhim.Usinghisskis,Nicholasbuiltasnowcave.Hegatheredahugemassofsnowanddugoutaholeinthemiddle.Thenhepiledbranchesontopofhimself,likeablanket,tostayaswarmashecould.Bythatevening,Nicholaswasreallyhungry.Heatesnowanddrankwaterfromanearbystreamsothathisbodywouldn’tlosetoomuchwater.Notknowinghowmuchlongerhecouldlast,Nicholasdidtheonlythinghecould-hehuddled(蜷缩)inhiscaveandslept.Thenextday,Nicholaswentouttolookforhelp,buthecouldn’tfindanyone.Hefollowedhistracksandreturnedtothesnowcave,becausewithoutshelter,hecoulddiethatnight.OnTuesday,Nicholaswentouttofindhelp.Hehadwalkedforaboutamilewhenavolunteersearcherfoundhim.Aftertwodaysstuckinthesnow,Nicholaswassaved.NicholasmightnothavesurvivedthissnowstormhaditnotbeenforTV.HehadoftenwatchedGrylls’survivalshow.Manvs.Wild.That’swherehelearnedthetipsthatsavedhislife,Ineachepisode(一期节目)ofManvs.Wild,Gryllsisabandonedinawildareaandhastofindhiswayout.WhenGryllsheardaboutNicholas’amazingdeeds,hewassuperimpressedthatNicholashadmadeitsinceheknewbetterthananyonehowhardNicholashadtoworktostayalive. 56.WhathappenedtoNicholasoneSundayafternoon?A.Hegotlost.B.Hebrokehisskis.C.HehurthiseyesD.Hecaughtacold57.HowdidNicholaskeephimselfwarm?A.Hefoundashelter.B.Helightedsomebranches.C.Hekeptonskiing.D.Hebuiltasnowcave.58.OnTuesday,Nicholas_____.A.returnedtohissheltersafelyB.wassavedbyasearcherC.gotstuckinthesnowD.stavedwherehewas59.NicholasleftGryllsaverydeepimpressionbecausehe_____.A.didtherightthingsinthedangeroussituationB.watchedGrylls’TVprogramregularlyC.createdsometipsforsurvivalD.wasveryhard-working【答案】56—59ADBA【解析】本文讲的是一个小男孩在暴风雪中迷路，他不畏艰难，利用在电视中学到的野外生存知识逃脱困境的故事。56.A细节理解题。根据第一段第三行，Beforeheknewit,Nicholaswaslost,allalone!”可知答案。说明在Nicholas迷路了。故选A。57.D细节理解题。根据文章第二段根据第四段第一行，Nicholasbuiltasnowcave。以及tostayaswarmashecould可知，Nicholas保持温暖的方式是建了一个雪洞。故选D。58.B细节理解题。根据第六段第三行，Hehadwalkedforaboutamilewhenavolunteersearcherfoundhim。可知，星期二的时候，Nicholas被一名志愿搜索者救了。故选B。59.A推理判断题。根据最后一段中的，HewassuperimpressedthatNicholashadmadeitsinceheknewbetterthananyonehowhardNicholashadtoworktostayalive。”可知，Grylls这个人想表达一个小男孩能在如此困难的情况下成功逃生是难能可贵的，A选项正好能表达此意思。故选A。18.【2015·广东】APeterlovedtoshopusedarticles.Almostamonthago,heboughtpopularwordgamethatusedlittlepiecesof woodwithdifferentlettersonthem.Ashewaspurchasingit,thesalesgirlsaid,“Uh,look,thegameboxhaven’tevenbeenopenedyet.Thatmightbeworthsomemoney.”Peterexaminedthebox,and,sureenough,itwascompletelycoveredinfactory-sealedplastic.Andhesawadateof1973onthebackofthebox.“Youshouldputthatupforauction(拍卖)ontheInternet,andseewhathappens.”thesalesgirlsaid.“Yes,you’reright.Peoplelikesomethingrare.”Peteragreed,“Ican’timaginetherebeingverymanyunopenedboxesofthisgamestillaround40yearslater.”“Don’tforgettotellmeifyousellit.”thesalesgirlsmiled.“Noproblem.”Petersaid.Afterhegothome,Peterwentonlinetoseveralauctionwebsiteslookingforhisgame.Buthecouldn’tfindit.ThenhetypedinthenameofthewordgameandhitSearch.Thesearchresultwas543websitescontaininginformationaboutthechangesofthegame.Overtheyears,thegamehadbeenproducedusinglettersindifferentsizesandgameboardsindifferentcolors.Healsofoundsomelistsofgamefanslookingforvariousversionsofthegame.Peteremailedsomeofthem,tellingthemwhathehad.Twoweekslater,Peterwentbacktotheshop.“Hello.Doyoustillremembertheunopenedwordgame?”Thesalesgirllookedathimforasecond,thenrecognizedhimandsaid,“Oh,hi!”“I’vegotsomethingforyou,”Petersaid.“Isoldthegameandmade$1,000.Thankyouforyoursuggestion.”Hehandedherthree$100bills.“Wow!”thesalesgirlcriedout.“Thankyou,Ineverexpectedit.”26.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesPeter’swordgame?A.Itwasmadearound40yearsago.B.Ithadgameboardsindifferentsizes.C.Itwaskeptinaplasticbagwithaseal.D.Ithadlittlepiecesofwoodindifferentcolors.27.WhatdidthesalesgirlprobablythinkofPeter’swordgame?A.Oldandhandy.B.Rareandvaluable.C.Classicandattractive.D.Colorfulandinteresting 28.Petergotthenamesofthegamefansfrom_________.A.anauctionB.theInternetC.agameshopD.thesecond-handshop29.Whathappenedattheendofthestory?A.Petergavethegirl$300asareward.B.ThesalesgirlbecamePeter’sfriend.C.Peterreturnedthewordgamefor$1,000.D.ThesalesgirlfeltconfusedtoseePeteragain.30.Whatisthemainthemeofthestory?A.It’simportanttokeepapromise.B.It’sgreattoshareinotherpeople’shappiness.C.Weshouldbegratefulforthehelpfromothers.D.Somethingrareisworthalargeamountofmoney.【答案】26—30ABBAC【解析】本文叙述了Peter在听从了一位女销售员的建议，买了一个旧的游戏盒子，并到网上拍卖。结果他挣了1000美元。为了感激这位女销售员，他给了她300美元做为回报。26.A细节理解题。根据“Ican’timaginetherebeingverymanyunopenedboxesofthisgamestillaround40yearslater.”可知这个游戏盒子大约在40年前制造的。故选A。27.B推理判断题。根据thesalesgirlsaid,“Oh,look,thegameboxhasn’tevenbeenopenedyet.Thatmightbeworthsomemoney.”可知这个女销售员认为这个游戏盒子没有打开过，可能值钱，有价值。故选B。28.B推理判断题。根据Thesearchresultwas543websitescontaininginformationaboutthechangesofthegame…..Healsofoundsomelistsofgamefanslookingforvariousversionsofthegame.可知Peter是从网上得知这个游戏爱好者的名字。故选B。29.A细节理解题。根据Petersaid,“Isoldthegameandmade$1000.Thankyouforyoursuggestion,”Hehandedherthree$100bills.可知Bill感谢这位女销售员的建议，给了她300美元作为回报。故选A。30.C推理判断题。全文围绕着Peter听了女销售员的建议，买了这个游戏盒，赚了钱，为了表示感谢，他给了这位女销售员300美元作为回报。故推断这个故事的主题是我们应该感激别人的帮助。故选C。19.【2015·陕西】B WhenthedognamedJudyspottedthefirstsheepinherlife,shedidwhatcomesnaturally.Thefour-year-olddogsetoffracingafterthesheepacrossseveralfieldsand,beingacityanimal,lostbothhersheepandhersenseofdirection.Thensheranalongtheedgeofcliff(悬崖)andfell100feet,bouncingoffarockintothesea.HerownerMikeHoldenpanickedandcelledthecoastguardofCornwall,whoturnedupinseconds.Sixvolunteerssliddownthecliffwiththehelpofaropebutgaveupallhopeoffindingheraliveaftera90-minutesearch.Threedayslater,ahurricanehitthecoastnearCornwall.Mr.Holdenreturnedhomefromhisholidayupsetandconvincedhispetwasdead.Hecomfortedhimselfwiththethoughtshehaddiedinthemostbeautifulpartofthecountry.Forthenexttwoweeks,theHoldenswereheartbroken.Then,oneday,thephonerangandSteveTregear,thecoastguardofCornwall,askedHolderifhewouldlikehisdogbark.Abirdwatcher,armedwithatelescope,foundthepetsittingdesperatelyonarock.Whilehesoundedthealarm,astudentfromLeedsclimbeddowntheclifftocollectJudy.Thedoghadinitiallybeenknockedunconscious(失去知觉的)buthadsurvivedbydrinkingwaterfromafreshscreamatthebaseofthecliff.Shemayhavefedonthebodyofasheepwhichhadalsofallenovertheedge.“Thedogwasverythinandhungry,”SteveTregearsaid,“Itwasaverydog.Shesurvivedbecauseofaplentifulsupplyoffreshwater,”headded.Itwas,asMr.Holdenadmitted,“aminormiracle(奇迹)”.50.ThedogJodyfelldownthecliffwhenshewasA.rescuingherownerB.caughtinahurricaneC.blockedbyarockD.runningafterasheep51.WhospottedJudyaftertheaccident?A.AbirdwatcherB.AstudentfromLeedsC.SixvolunteersD.ThecoastguardofCornwall52.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.Peopleliketotravelwiththeirpets.B.Judywastakentothefieldsforhunting.C.LuckplaysavitalroleinJudy"ssurvival.D.HoldencaredlittlewhereJudywasburied.53.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.MiracleoftheCoastguard.B.SurvivingaHurricane.C.DangersintheWildD.ComingBackfromtheDead.【答案】50—53DACD【解析】文章介绍是叫Judy的狗在追赶一只羊的时候，从悬崖上掉下来。主人努力寻找几个小时无果，以为它已经死去就放弃了，结果几天后，意外得到消息，狗还活着。真是很幸运的事情。50.细节理解题。根据文章第一段的句子：Thefour-year-olddogsetoffracingafterthesheepacrossseveralfields…,Thensheranalongtheedgeofacliff(悬崖)andfell100feet,bouncingoffarockintothesea.可知叫 Judy的狗在追赶一只羊的时候，从悬崖上掉下来。故选D。51.细节理解题。根据文章第五段的句子：Abirdwatcher,armedwithatelescope,foundthepetsittingdesperatelyonarock.可知事故后是一个观鸟者看见了Judy，故选A。52.细节理解题。根据文章第六段的句子：Itwasaveryluckydog.Shesurvivedbecauseofaplentifulsupplyoffreshwater.可知在Judy的事故中运气起着至关重要的作用。故选C。53.主旨大意题。根据文章的内容可知介绍一只狗掉到悬崖下面死里逃生的经历，所以用ComingBackfromtheDead比较合适。故选D。20.【2015·四川】BNothingcouldstopDad.Afterhewasputondisabilityforabadback,heboughtasmallfarminthecountry,justenoughtogrowfoodforthefamily.Heplantedvegetables,fruittreesandevenkeptbeesforhoney.AndeveryweekhecleanedOldManMcColgin"schickenhouseinexchangeformanure(肥料).TheSmellreallyburnedtheinsideofyournose.Whenwecomplainedabouttheterriblesmell,Dadsaidthestrongerthemanure,thehealthierthecrops,andhewasright.Forexample,justoneofhiscantaloupesfilledtheentirehousewithitssweetsmell,andthetastewasevensweeter.Asthevegetablesstartedcomingin,Dadthrewhimselfintocooking.Oneday,armedwithabasketofvegetables,heannouncedhewasgoingtomakestew(炖菜).Dadpulledoutapressurecookerandfilleditupwithcabbages,eggplants,potatoes,corns,onionsandcarrots.Forabouthalfanhour.thepressurebuiltandthevegetablescooked.Finally,Dadturnedoffthestove,thepotbegantocoolandthepressurereliefvalvesprayedoutacloudofsteam.IfwethoughtDad"spileofchickenmanurewasbad,thiswas10timesworse.WhenDadtookoffthelid,thesmellnearlyknockedusout.Dadcarriedthepotoutandweopeneddoorsandwindowstoairoutthehouse.Justhowbadwasit?Theneighborscameoutoftheirhousestoseeifwehadagasleak!Determined,Dadfilledourplateswithsteamingstewandpassedthemaround.Itdidn’tlookthatbad,andafterthefirstwavehadshutdownmyabilitytosmell,itdidn’toffendthenosesomuch,either.Itookataste.Itwouldneverwinaprizeinacookingcompetition,butitwassurprisinglyedibleandwedrankupeverylastdropofsoup.34.WhydidDadcleanOldManMocolgin’schickenhouseregularly?A.Toearnsomemoneyforthefamily.B.Tocollectmanureforhiscrops.C.Togetridoftheterriblesmell. D.Tosetagoodexampletous.35.WhatcanweinferaboutDad’sstew?A.Itispopularamongtheneighbors.B.Itcontainshoneyandvegetables.C.Itlooksverywonderful.D.Ittastesquitedelicious.36.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“offend”inthelastparagraphmean?A.ToattractB.ToupsetC.ToairD.Toshut37.WhatcanwelearnaboutDadformthetext?A.Heisanexperiencedcook.B.Heisatroublesomefather.C.Hehasapositiveattitudetolife.D.Hesuffersalotfromhisdisability.【答案】34—37BDBC【解析】本文主要讲述了作者的父亲买了一个小农场，在里面种满了各种蔬菜、果树甚至还养了蜜蜂。但作者的父亲收获的时候，他炖了一锅蔬菜，闻到味道时，作者和其他人觉得烧得很糟糕，但是最后全部都吃光了。34.B细节理解题。根据文章第一段的AndeveryweekhecleanedOldManMcColgin"schickenhouseinexchangeformanure(肥料).可知选择B，是为了收集肥料。35.D推理判断题。根据最后一段的wedrankupeverylastdropofsoup.可知，选择D，意为父亲的炖菜非常美味。36.B词义判断题。根据文章上文的thefirstwavehadshutdownmyabilitytosmell,可知，此处指的是鼻子闻不到那种味道，故选择B，意为搅乱。37.C推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，父亲在背部受伤后，不愿意休息，而是自己经营着小农场，而且在收货后，还自创菜，故选择C最为恰当，指父亲对于生活有着积极的态度。21.【2015·天津】COnedaywhenIwas12,mymothergavemeanorder:Iwastowalktothepubliclibrary,andborrowatleastonebookforthesummer.Thiswasonemoreweaponforhertodefeatmystrangeproblem—inabilitytoread.Inthelibrary,Ifoundmywayintothe“Children’sRoom.”Isatdownonthefloorandpulledafewbooksofftheshelfatrandom.Thecoverofabookcaughtmyeye.Itpresentedapictureofabeagle.Ihadrecentlyhada beagle,thefirstandonlyanimalcompanionIeverhadasachild.Hewasmysecretsharer,butonemorning,hewasgone,givenawaytosomeonewhohadthespaceandthemoneytocareforhim.Ineverforgotmybeagle.Thereonthebook’scoverwasabeaglewhichlookedidentical（相同的）tomydog.Iranmyfingersoverthepictureofthedogonthecover.Myeyesranacrossthetitle,Amos,theBeaglewithaPlan.Unknowingly,Ihadreadthetitle.Withoutopeningthebook,Iborroweditfromthelibraryforthesummer.Undertheshadeofabush,IstartedtoreadaboutAmos.Ireadvery,veryslowlywithdifficulty.Thoughpageswereturnedslowly,Igotthemainideaofthestoryaboutadogwho,likemine,hadbeenseparatedfromhisfamilyandwhofinallyfoundhiswaybackhome.Thatdogwasmydog,andIwasthelittleboyinthebook.Attheendofthestory,mymindcontinuedthefinalsceneofreunion,onandon,untilmyownlostdogandIwere,inmymind,runningtogether.Mymother’scallreturnedmetotherealworld.Isuddenlyrealizedsomething:Ihadreadabook,andIhadlovedreadingthatbook.EveryoneknewIcouldnotread.ButIhadreadit.BookscouldbeincrediblywonderfulandIwasgoingtoreadthem.Inevertoldmymotheraboutmy“miraculous”(奇迹般地)experiencethatsummer,butshesawaslowbutremarkableimprovementinmyclassroomperformanceduringthenextyear.Andyearslater,shewasproudthathersonhadreadthousandsofbooks,wasawardedaPhDinliterature,andauthoredhisownbooks,articles,poetryandfiction.Thepowerofthewordshasheld.46.Theauthor’smothertoldhimtoborrowabookinorderto_____.A.encouragehimtodomorewalkingB.lethimspendameaningfulsummerC.helpcurehimofhisreadingproblemD.makehimlearnmoreaboutweapons47.Thebookcaughttheauthor’seyebecause_____.A.itcontainedprettypicturesofanimalsB.itremindedhimofhisowndogC.hefounditstitleeasytounderstandD.helikedchildren’sstoriesverymuch48.Whycouldtheauthormanagetoreadthebookthrough?A.Hewasforcedbyhismothertoreadit.B.Heidentifiedwiththestoryinthebook. C.Thebooktoldthestoryofhispetdog.D.Thehappyendingofthestoryattractedhim.49.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Theauthorhasbecomeasuccessfulwriter.B.Theauthor’smotherreadthesamebook.C.Theauthor’smotherrewardedhimwithbooks.D.Theauthorhashadhappysummerseversince.50.Whichonecouldbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.TheCharmofaBookB.Mum’sStrictOrderC.ReunionwithMyBeagleD.MyPassionforReading【答案】46—50CBBAA【解析】文章大意：文章讲述了作者从一名阅读困难的孩子到最终成为一名成功的作家的故事，告诉我们书本的魅力。46.C细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句Thiswasonemoreweaponforhertodefeatmystrangeproblem—inabilitytoread.可知母亲让他借书看是为了治愈他的阅读问题。故选C。47.B细节理解题。根据文章第二段Thecoverofabookcaughtmyeye.Itpresentedapictureofabeagle.Ihadrecentlyhadabeagle,thefirstandonlyanimalcompanionIeverhadasachild.可知此本书引起作者注意的原因。选B。48.B推理判断题。根据第四段Thatdogwasmydog,andIwasthelittleboyinthebook.Attheendofthestory,mymindcontinuedthefinalsceneofreunion,onandon,untilmyownlostdogandIwere,inmymind,runningtogether.可知作者感同身受地把自己与书本得主人公联系在一起。选B。49.A推理判断题。根据最后一段Andyearslater,shewasproudthathersonhadreadthousandsofbooks,wasawardedaPhDinliterature,andauthoredhisownbooks,articles,poetryandfiction.可以判断出作者最终成为一名成功的作家。故选A。50.A主旨大意题。文章讲述了作者从一名阅读困难的孩子到最终成为一名成功的作家的故事，从而展现给我们书本的魅力。故选A。22.【2015·重庆】AAtthirteen,Iwasdiagnosed（诊所）withkindofattentiondisorder.Itmadeschooldifficultforme.Wheneveryoneelseintheclasswasfocusingontasks,Icouldnot.Inmyfirstliteratureclass,Mrs.Smithaskedustoreadastoryandthenwriteonit,allwithin45minutes.I raisedmyhandrightawayandsaid,“Mrs.Smith,yousee,thedoctorsaidIhaveattentionproblems.Imightnotbeabletodoit.”Sheglanceddownatmethroughherglasses,“youarenodifferentfromyourclassmates,youngman.”Itried,butIdidn’tfinishthereadingwhenthebellrang.Ihadtotakeithome.Inthequietnessofmybedroom,thestorysuddenlyallbecamecleartome.Itwasaboutablindperson,LouisBraille.Helivedinatimewhentheblindcouldn’tgetmucheducation.ButLouisdidn’tgiveup.Instead,heinventedareadingsystemofraiseddots（点）,whichopenedupawholenewworldofknowledgetotheblind.Wasn’tIthe“blind”inmyclass,beingmadetolearnlikethe“sighted”students?Mythoughtsspilledoutandmypenstartedtodance.Icompletedthetaskwithin40minutes.Indeed,Iwasnodifferentfromothers;Ijustneededaquieterplace.IfLouiscouldfindhiswayoutofhisproblems,whyshouldIevergiveup?Ididn’texpectanythingwhenIhandledinmypapertoMrs.Smith,soitwasquiteasurprisewhenitcamebacktomethenextday-withan“A”onit.Atthebottomofthepaperwerethesewords:“Seewhatyoucandowhenyoukeeptrying?”36.Theauthordidn’tfinishthereadinginclassbecause.A.HewasnewtotheclassB.HewastriedofliteratureC.HehadanattentiondisorderD.Hewantedtotakethetaskhome37.WhatdoweknowaboutLouisBraillefromthepassage?A.HehadgoodsightB.Hemadeagreatinvention.C.HegaveupreadingD.Helearnedalotfromschool38.WhatwasMrs.Smith‘sattitudetotheauthorattheendofthestory?A.AngryB.ImpatientC.SympatheticD.Encouraging38.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Thedisabledshouldbetreatedwithrespect.B.Ateachercanopenupanewworldtostudents.C.Onecanfindhiswayoutofdifficultieswithefforts.D.Everyoneneedsahandwhenfacedwithchallenges.【答案】36—39CBDC【解析】本文主要讲述作者有注意力紊乱，不想努力，在老师的激励下，克服困难的故事36.C细节理解题。根据第一段Atthirteen,Iwasdiagnosedwithakindofattentiondisorder.可知作者被诊断出注意力紊乱，故选C项。 37.B推断题。根据第五段提到itwasaboutablindperson,LouiseBraile,和Instead,heinventedareadingsystemofraiseddots，whichopenedupawholenewworldofknowledgetotheblind可知LouiseBraile是个盲人，创造了盲文，故选B项。38.D推断题。根据最后一段提到soitwasasurprisewhenitcamebacktomethenextday—withan“A”当我看到作业上A时，非常的吃惊，史密斯小姐对我的态度是令人鼓励的，故选D项。39.C主旨大意。本文主要讲述作者有注意力紊乱，不想努力，在老师的激励下，克服困难的故事，故选C项。23.【2015·安徽】BWhenherfivedaughterswereyoung,HeleneAnalwaystoldthemthattherewasstrengthinunity(团结).Toshowthis,shehelduponechopstick,representingoneperson.Thensheeasilybrokeitintotwopieces.Next,shetiedseveralchopstickstogether,representingafamily.Sheshowedthegirlsitwashardtobreakthetiedchopsticks.Thislessonaboutfamilyunitystayedwiththedaughtersastheygrewup.HeleneAnandherfamilyownalargerestaurantbusinessinCalifornia.However,whenHeleneandherhusbandDannylefttheirhomeinVietnamin1975,theydidn"thavemuchmoney.TheymovedtheirfamilytoSanFrancisco.TheretheyjoinedDanny"smother,Diana,whoownedasmallItaliansandwichshop.Soonafterwards,HeleneandDianachangedthesandwichshopintoasmallVietnameserestaurant.Thefivedaughtershelpedintherestaurantwhentheywereyoung.However,Helenedidnotwantherdaughterstoalwaysworkinthefamilybusinessbecauseshethoughtitwastoohard.Eventuallythegirlsallgraduatedfromcollegeandwentawaytoworkforthemselves,butonebyone,thedaughtersreturnedtoworkinthefamilybusiness.TheyopenednewrestaurantsinSanFranciscoandLosAngeles.Eventhoughfamilymemberssometimesdisagreedwitheachother,theyworkedtogethertomakethebusinesssuccessful.DaughterElisabethexplains,"Ourmothertaughtusthattosucceedwemusthaveunity,andtohaveunitywemusthavepeace.Withoutthestrengthofthefamily,thereisnobusiness."Theirexpandingbusinessbecamealargecorporationin1996,withthreegenerationsofAnsworkingtogether.NowtheAns"corporationmakesmorethan$20millioneachyear.Althoughtheybeganwithasmallrestaurant,theyhadbigdreams,andtheyworkedtogether.Nowtheyareabigsuccess.60.Helenetiedseveralchopstickstogethertoshow______.A.thestrengthoffamilyunityB.thedifficultyofgrowingupC.theadvantageofchopsticksD.thebestwayofgivingalesson61.WecanIearnfromParagraph2thattheAnfamily______. A.startedabusinessin1975B.leftVietnamwithoutmuchmoneyC.boughtarestaurantinSanFranciscoD.openedasandwichshopinLosAngeles62.WhatcanweinferabouttheAndaughters?A.Theydidnotfinishtheircollegeeducation.B.Theycouldnotbeartoworkinthefamilybusiness.C.TheywereinfluencedbywhatHelenetaughtthem.D.Theyweretroubledbydisagreementamongfamilymembers.63.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.HowtoRunaCorporationB.StrengthComesfromPeaceC.HowtoAchieveaBigDreamD.FamilyUnityBuildsSuccess【答案】60.A61.B62.C63.D【解析】文章通过讲述一个家族企业的发展历程。作者以此来强调家庭团结的重要性。Helene和丈夫离开越南时，他们并不富有。Helene给她的女儿讲述了一个关于团结的故事。一双筷子很容易被折断，但是，当几双筷子绑在一起时，它们将很难被折断，对于家庭来说亦是如此。60.A细节理解题。根据第一段“shetiedseveralchopstickstogether,representingafamily.Thislessonaboutfamilyunity...”可知，Helene把筷子绑在一起并试着折断它们，是为了显示团结的力量。61.B细节理解题。根据“whenHeleneandherhusbandDannylefttheirhomeinVietnamin1975,theydidn"thavemuchmoney.”可知，当离开越南时，Helene夫妇并没有太多的钱。62.C推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Eventuallythegirlsallgraduatedfromcollege”排除A；根据“thedaughtersreturnedtoworkinthefamilybusiness”可知，Helene的女儿们相继都回到了家族企业，但文中未提到她们无法承受家族企业里的工作，排除B；根据“theyworkedtogethertomakethebusinesssuccessful”可知，虽然有分歧，但她们还是齐心协力地工作，排除D。63.D选择最佳标题。根据第一段“HeleneAnalwaystoldthemthattherewasstrengthinunity(团结).”和第三段“tosucceedwemusthaveunity”与第四段“andtheyworkedtogether.Nowtheyareabigsuccess.”可知，文文章主要讲的是家庭团结对取得成功的重要性。文章没有讲怎样经营一家大型公司，也没有提到怎样实现伟大梦想。24.【2015·新课标全国II】AMycolortelevisionhasgivenmenothingbutaheadache.IwasabletobuyitalittleoverayearagobecauseIhadmyrelativesgivememoneyformybirthdayinsteadofclothesthatwouldn’tfit.Iletasalesclerkfoolmeintobuyingadiscontinuedmodel.Irealizedthisadaylater,whenIsawnewspaperadvertisementsforthesetat seventy-fivedollarslessthanIhadpaid.ThesetworkedsobeautifulwhenIfirstgotithomethatIwouldkeepitonuntilstationssignedoffforthenight.Fortunately,Ididn’tgetanychannelsshowingall-nightmoviesorIwouldneverhavegottentobed.ThenIstarteddevelopingaproblemwiththesetthatinvolvedstatic(静电)noise.Forsomereason,whencertainshowsswitchedintoacommercial,aloudnoisewouldsoundforafewseconds.Gradually,thisnoisebegantoappearduringashow,andtogetridofit,Ihadtochangetoanotherchannelandthenchangeitback.Sometimesthistechniquewouldnotwork,andIhadtopickupthesetandshakeittoremovethesound.Iactuallybegantobuildupmyarmmuscles(肌肉)shakingmyset.Whenneitherofthesemethodsremovedthestaticnoise,Iwouldsithelplesslyandwaitforthenoisetogoaway.AtlastIendeduphittingthesetwithmyfirst,anditstoppedworkingaltogether.Mytriptotherepairshopcostme$62,andthesitisworkingwellnow,butIkeepexpectingmoretrouble.21.WhydidtheauthorsayhewasfooledintobuyingtheTVset?A.Hegotanoldermodelthanhehadexpected.B.Hecouldn’treturnitwhenitwasbroken.C.Hecouldhaveboughtitatalowerprice.D.Hefailedtofindanymovieshowsonit.22.Whichofthefollowinganbestreplacethephrase“signedoff”inparagraph1?A.endedalltheirprogramsB.providedfewerchannelsC.changedtocommercialsD.showedall-nightmovies23.HowdidtheauthorfinallygetthisTVsetworkingagain?A.ByshakingandhittingitB.ByturningitonandoffC.ByswitchingchannelsD.Byhavingitrepaired24.Howdoestheauthorsoundwhentellingthestory?A.CuriousB.AnxiousC.CautiousD.Humorous【答案】21.C22.A23.D24.D 【解析】我的彩电带给我的只有让我头疼的事。从一开始就让我很不痛快。因为我花的钱比广告上的多，这还不算，机子还是过时的，而且质量也有问题，先是接受频道不全，接着是噪音不断，最后只好自己花钱去修。21.C细节理解题。根据第一段第四行“whenIsawnewspaperadvertisementsforthesetatseventy-fivedollarslessthanIhadpaid.”当我看到报纸上75美元比我买的价格低的时候，我感觉我上当了。故选C。22.A词义推测题。根据后一句Fortunately,Ididn’tgetanychannelsshowingall-nightmoviesorIwouldneverhavegottentobed.：幸运的是，我没有可以整晚看电影的频道，否则我就不能睡觉了，故选A。23.D细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的Mytriptotherepairshopcostme$62，可知作者由于用拳头砸电视，导致电视没了噪音，也什么都不出了。最后只好自己花钱去修理店修电视机，共花了62美元，故选D。24.D推理判断题。根据开头Fortunately,Ididn’tgetanychannelsshowingall-nightmoviesorIwouldneverhavegottentobed.意思是说：看不了电视节目就可以睡觉；中间还说Iactuallybegantobuildupmyarmmuscles(肌肉)shakingmyset.意思是：晃动电视的同时还锻炼了胳膊上肌肉，可知作者很诙谐幽默。故选D。25.【2015·福建】BPapa,asasonofadirt-poorfarmer,leftschoolearlyandwenttoworkinafactory,foreducationwasfortherichthen.So,theworldbecamehisschool.Withgreatinterest,hereadeverythinghecouldlayhishandson,listenedtothetowneldersandlearnedabouttheworldbeyondhistinyhometown."There"ssomuchtolearn,"he"dsay."Thoughwe"rebornstupid,onlythestupidremainthatway."Hewasdeterminedthatnoneofhischildrenwouldbedenied(fll^fe)aneducation.Thus,Papainsistedthatwelearnatleastonenewthingeachday.Though,aschildren,wethoughtthiswascrazy,itwouldneverhaveoccurredtoustodenyPapaarequest.Anddinnertimeseemedperfectforsharingwhatwehadlearned.Wewouldtalkaboutthenewsoftheday;nomatterhowinsignificant,itwasnevertakenlightly.Papawouldlistencarefullyandwasreadywithsomecomment,alwaystothepoint.Thencamethemoment—thetimetosharetheday"snewlearning.Papa,attheheadofthetable,wouldpushbackhischairandpouraglassofredwine,readytolisten."Felice,"he"dsay,"tellmewhatyoulearnedtoday.""IlearnedthatthepopulationofNepalis...."Silence.Papawasthinkingaboutwhatwassaid,asifthesalvationoftheworldwoulddependuponit."ThepopulationofNepal.Hmm.Well...."he"dsay."Getthemap;let"sseewrhereNepalis."AndthewTholefamily wentonasearchforNepal.Thissameexperiencewasrepeateduntileachfamilymemberhadaturn.Dinnerendedonlyafterwehadaclearunderstandingofatleasthalfadozensuchfacts.Aschildren,wethoughtverylittleabouttheseeducationalwonders.Ourfamily,however,wasgrowingtogether,sharingexperiencesandparticipatinginoneanother"seducation.Andbylookingatus,listeningtous,respectingourinput,affirmingourvalue,givingusasenseofdignity,Papawasunquestionablyourmostinfluentialteacher.Laterduringmytrainingasafutureteacher/1studiedwithsomeofthemostfamouseducators.TheywereimpartingwhatPapahadknownallalong—thevalueofcontinuallearning.Histechniquehasservedmewellallmylife.Notasingledayhasbeenwasted,thoughIcannevertellwhenknowingthepopulationofNepalmightproveuseful.60.Whatdoweknowfromthefirstparagraph?A.Theauthor"sfatherwasborninaworker"sfamily.B.Thosebornstupidcouldnotchangetheirlife.C.Thetownelderswantedtolearnabouttheworld.D.Thepoorcouldhardlyaffordschooleducation.61.Theunderlinedword"it"inthesecondparagraphrefersto"A.onenewthingB.arequestC.thenewsD.somecomment62.Itcanbelearnedfromthepassagethattheauthor.A.enjoyedtalkingaboutnewsB.knewverywellaboutNepalC.feltregretaboutthosewasteddaysD.appreciatedhisfather"seducationaltechnique63Whatisthegreatestvalueof"dinnertime"totheauthor?A.Continuallearning.B.Showingtalents.C.Familyget-together.D.WinningPapa"sapproval.64.Theauthor"sfathercanbebestdescribedas.A.aneducatorexpertattrainingfutureteachersB.aparentinsistentonhischildren"seducationC.aparticipantwillingtosharehisknowledge D.ateacherstrictabouteverythinghisstudentsdid【答案】60—64DCDAB【解析】考查记叙文阅读。本文是一篇记叙文，通过对父亲的教育方式的描写，表达了作者对于父亲的敬爱。60.D细节理解题。根据第一段第一句最后半句，foreducationwasfortherichthen.So,theworldbecamehisschool.因为教育是对有钱人开放的，所以世界城了爸爸的学校。可以推断出作为一个穷人的爸爸付不起学费，故选D61.C分析推断题。这里的it代指的是news，代指的是前面的主语。根据该词附近的语境可以知道我们会谈论一天的新闻，不论重要与否，都不是可以等闲视之的。故选C62.D细节理解题。根据最后一段前两句Laterduringmytrainingasafutureteacherstudiedwithsomeofthemostfamouseducators.TheywereimpartingwhatPapahadknownallalong：在我成为未来教师的实习中，我和一些很有名的教育者一同学习，他们传授着父亲所知道的——持续教育的意义。故选D63.A分析推断题。根据最后一段倒数第二句Histechniquehasservedmewellallmylife.他的教育方式使我受用终生。而该句前一句中又提到父亲的教育方式就是持续性的教育，故选A64.B分析推断题。从全文来看，我们可以知道父亲的教育方针就是让我们持续性的学习，故可以知道父亲是一个坚持着教育孩子的人。故选B26.【2015·新课标全国I】CSalvadorDali(1904-1989)wasoneofthemostpopularofmodernartists.ThePompidouCentreinParisisshowingitsrespectandadmirationfortheartistandhispowerfulpersonalitywithanexhibitionbringingtogetherover200paintings,sculptures,drawingsandmore.Amongtheworksandmasterworksonexhibitionthevisitorwillfindthebestpieces,mostimportantlyThePersistenceofMemory.ThereisalsoL’EnigmesansFinfrom1938,worksonpaper,objects,andprojectsforstageandscreenandselectedpartsfromtelevisionprogrammesreflectingtheartist’sshowmanqualities.ThevisitorwillentertheWorldofDalithroughaneggandismetwiththebeginning,theworldofbirth.Theexhibitionfollowsapathoftimeandsubjectwiththevisitorexitingthroughthebrain.TheexhibitionshowshowDalidrawstheviewerbetweentwoinfinities(无限).“Fromtheinfinitysmalltotheinfinitylarge,contractionandexpansioncominginandoutoffocus:amazingFlemishaccuracyandtheshowyBaroqueofoldpaintingthatheusedinhismuseum-theatreinFigueras,”explainsthePompidouCentre.Thefineselectionofthemajorworkswasdoneinclosecollaboration(合作)withtheMuseoNacionalReinaSofiainMadrid,Spain,andwithcontributionsfromotherinstitutionsliketheSalvadorDaliMuseuminSt. Petersburg,Florida.28.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribeDaliaccordingtoParagraph1?A.Optimistic.B.Productive.C.Generous.D.Traditional.29.WhatisDali’sThePersistenceofMemoryconsideredtobe?A.Oneofhismasterworks.B.Asuccessfulscreenadaptation.C.Anartisticcreationforthestage.D.OneofthebestTVprogrammes.30.HowaretheexhibitsarrangedattheWorldofDali?A.Bypopularity.B.Byimportance.C.Bysizeandshape.D.Bytimeandsubject.31.Whatdoestheword“contributions”inthelastparagraphreferto?A.Artworks.B.Projects.C.Donations.D.Documents.【答案】28.B29.A30.D31.A【解析】本文主要介绍了最受欢迎的现代艺术家萨尔瓦多·达利的艺术作品在巴黎蓬皮杜艺术中心展览的细节。28.B细节理解题。根据文章第一段第二句ThePompidouCentreinParisisshowingitsrespectandadmirationfortheartistandhispowerfulpersonalitywithanexhibitionbringingtogetherover200paintings,sculptures,drawingsandmore.可知达利的作品是多产的。故选B。29.A细节理解题。根据文章第一段第三句Amongtheworksandmasterworksonexhibitionthevisitorwillfindthebestpieces,mostimportantlyThePersistenceofMemory.可知ThePersistenceofMemory是他的杰作之一。故选A。30.D细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二句Theexhibitionfollowsapathoftimeandsubjectwiththevisitorexitingthroughthebrain.可知展览是根据时间和主题安排的。故选D。31.A词义推测题。根据文章最后一段Thefineselectionofthemajorworkswasdoneinclosecollaboration(合作)withtheMuseoNacionalReinaSofiainMadrid,Spain,andwithcontributionsfromotherinstitutionsliketheSalvadorDaliMuseuminSt.Petersburg.可以推测出contribution为“艺术作品”之一。故选A。