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1.越来越多的博物馆免费对外开放的目的是什么?2.也会带来一些问题;3.你的看法?点评:2009年的四级考试作文沿袭了近几年四级作文的特点,即问题解决型+观点对比型的结合。属社会类话题,纵观各个辅导机构的预测作文,没有人预测博物馆的话题。但是就今年的考题形式而言,三个段落的写法在课堂上都讲到了。下面是分析:按照课堂所讲审题阶段应该关注英文标题和汉语提纲,即:1)FreeAdmissiontoMuseums2)汉语提纲3条。从中可知,核心话题是freeadmission,从三个方面来探讨这一话题即可。根据"先结构后表达"的原则安排段落结构即可做到结构清晰:先结构:1、段写该现象的目的(其实就是好处);2、段写问题(即负面影响);3、段写看法(或解决措施)后表达:确定好各段结构之后,利用3分钟时间联想各部分可以选用的句式和词汇表达,并以关键词的形式列出以帮助自己理顺写作的思维。 写作完成之后,检查。下面为用课堂所讲套路写的简易版本,供大家参考。FreeAdmissiontoMuseums首段版本1:Inrecentyears,anincreasingnumberofmuseumsbecomefreetothepublic.(或:Itcanbenoticedthat...)Thereareseveralaimsforthisphenomenon,butthefollowingmaybethemostcritical.Freeadmissionenablespeople,especiallystudents,tohavemoreopportunitiestovisitmuseums,wheretheycanacquireknowledgeofhistory,arts,customsandsoforth.版本2:AccordingtoarecentsurveybyChinaDaily,about84.3%ofmuseumsbecomefreetothepublic.Bydoingso,museumsattractmillionsofpeopletovisiteveryday.Inaddition,thevisitors,especiallystudents,broadentheirhorizonsandenlargetheirscopeofknowledge.中间段:Thereare,however,severalnegativeeffectswhichwecannotturnablindeyeto.Firstly,owingtofreeadmission,alargenumberofvisitorswillvisitmuseums.Consequently,themuseummaybecometoocrowded.Evenworse,freeadmissionmayresultinsomefinancialproblems.Forinstance,museumworkerscanhardlygetenoughsalary.Lastbutnotleast,thepreservationofculturalheritagemaybeimpaired.尾段:
版本1:(课堂讲过的)Personally,Iamconvincedthatfreeadmissiontomuseumisatwo-edgedsword,whichpresentsusbothadvantages?andtroubles.Thebestpolicy,asIseeit,istomaximizethebenefitsandminimizethenegativeinfluences.版本2:Frommypointofview,itishightimethatwetookmeasurestoeliminatethenegativeimpacts.Firstly,regulationsshouldbeworkedouttolimitthenumberofvisitorstomuseumeveryday.Secondly,itisadvisableforgovernmenttoofferfinancialassistancetomuseums.Onlyinthiswaycanmuseumsprovideservicetopublicinabetterway.FreeAdmissiontomuseums越来越多的博物馆免费对外开放的目的是什么?也会带来一些问题;你的看法?FreeAdmissiontoMuseums?Nowadays,alotofmuseumsopentothepublicforfree,andalotofpeopleareattractedtogothere.However,italsobroughtsomeunexpectedproblems.Atpresent,peoplecangetknowledgefrommanywayslikelibraries,internet,andothersources.However,thereisalsomuchinformationthatpeoplecannotgetfromtheaboveways.Freeadmissionmuseumssupplymorechancesforthepublictogetknowledgethatcannotbeeasilyaccessed.Peoplecanlearnmorethingsabouthistory,art,scienceandsoon.Although,thiskindofpolicybroughtmuchconveniencetothepublic,italsocausedsomeproblems.Forexample,beggarsandshabby-dressedpeoplemayenterthemuseumsandcausebadreputationamongthepublic;alongwiththeincreasingnumberofpeoplegettingintomuseums,therewillbenoenoughserviceestablishmentstomeettherequirements;besides,underthepolicyoffreeadmission,theculturalrelicsdisplayedtheremaybeinevitablybrokenordamagedbythecrowds.Moreover,thecrowdsinthemuseumsmayalsocausesecurityproblems.Inmyopinion,freeadmissionisagoodpolicyforthepublic,anditbringsthepublicmuchconvenience.But,weshouldalsotakepossiblemeasurestoprotecttheculturalrelicsandmaintaintheorderofspot.Besides,wecanalsotakethepolicyofgivingfreeadmissionfirsttochildren,thentotheretiredperson,andlasttothepublic.Ithink,thismayhelptosolvetheproblems.明星代言问题
OntheCelebritySpokesperson Currently,wecouldhardlyliveasingledaywithoutseeingacelebrityspokespersonpromotingaproductorasocialcampaignonTV,netorothermedia.Thisisanintenselypopulartrendthatwecannotfailtonotice. Thereisnodoubtthatthecelebrityspokespeoplecouldboostthesaleofaproduct.Ahostofcelebrityspokespersons,however,haveemergedasthemarketingtoolofsomecompanies,evencompaniesproducingandsellingfakeandinferioritems.Thiskindofbehaviorhasproducednegativeimpactsonconsumersandwholesociety,whichshouldbeseverelycriticizedandpenalized.Ofcourse,asisknowntoall,everythinghasbothbrightanddarksides.Somestars’endorsementofsocialactivitiesandpubliccampaignsraisespublicawareness,givingrisetochangesinpublicbehavior.Inthiscase,theyserveaspositiverolemodelsofthegeneralpublic.Tonameonlyonecase:PuCX,ahouseholdfigure,actingasthecelebrityspokesmanoftheChinaAIDSFoundation,contributesgreatlytothecauseofAIDSpreventionandcureinChina. 关于选秀节目 Overthepastcoupleofyears,avarietyoftalentshowshaveemergedonTVchannelsacrossthenation,fromSuperGirlstoHappyBoysandsoforth.Thistypeofentertainmentprogramisintenselypopular,especiallyamongyoungadultsandhasproducedprofoundimpactsontheirstudiesandlife。 Thereareacoupleofreasonsbehindthetide.Tostartwith,youngfolksneedrolemodelstolearnfrom.Somanyofthemarecrazyforcontestantsparticipatingintheseprograms.ThisgivesrisetotheincreasingemergenceoftheseshowsbecauseTVnetworksnaturallyneedtocatertoyoungaudiences.Plus,thankstoeconomicandpoliticalreformscarriedoutbythegovernment,thiscropofyounggenerationhavemorefreedomanddesiretoexpressandshowcasethemselves.Therefore,agrowingnumberofyoungpeopledesiretogetinvolvedintheseshows。 Thisisadivisivetopic.Onmypersonallevel,thetalentshowisasuperbmeansofrelaxingandamusingandcanhugelyrelieveourstrains.Ascollegestudents,however,wecouldnotaffordtoindulgeinthemandshouldbeawareoftheutmostimportanceofstudies。 食品安全问题 OntheFoodSecurity Overthepastcoupleofyears,severalcasesofthefoodscandalhavebeendisclosedonvariousmedia.Theproblemoffoodsecurityhasbecomeahotbuttonacrosssociety.Theprevalenceoffoodinsecurityhasgreatlyimpactedpublichealth,whichthegovernmentcouldnotaffordtoignore,accordingtotheonlineeditionofthePeopleDaily。
Thereareacoupleofdrivingforces,Iwouldargue,behindthisundesirabletide.First,inthecourseoftherapideconomicevolution,weignoremoraleducation,givingrisetotherisingrateoftheproblem.Moreimportantly,thelackofadequateregulationandpunishmentonthoseillegalproducersenforcesthetrend。AsConfuciusinstructed,itisbetterlatethannever.Promptandstrictmeasuresshouldbetakentoturnbackthiseviltrend.Thegovernmentshouldlaunchamassivemoralcampaigntoeducateallcitizensanddrawuptougherlawstocrackdownonthoseirresponsiblecorporationsandprohibitthemfromenteringthefoodindustryagain.Iamfirmlyconvincedthatthroughourcombinedeffortsweareboundtoenjoymorerisk-freefoodsinthedaysahead。社会不文明现象 OnUncivilizedBehaviors Wecannotfailtonoticethatcountlessuncivilizedbehaviorsexistinourdailylives,suchasspitting,talkingloudly,littering,sayingnastywordsinpublicplacesandsoforth.Allthesearebadmannersthatweshouldnotlosesightof.Asanancientlandenjoyingasplendidcivilizationspanningover5,000years,ChinaiswitnessingasurgeinimproperactsthateveryChinesecitizenshouldfeelashamedof.UncivilizedbehaviorsbyahostofChinesebothathomeandabroadhaveseriouslyaffectedChina’simage,accordingtoaneditorialpostedonPeopleDaily’sofficialwebsite。 AsChinese,weshouldnotgetoffendedwhenotherspointoutourweaknessesbutshouldfocusmoreattentiononimprovingourselves.Weshouldstrivetoidentifythecausesofthoseimproperbehaviorsandfindwaystoeliminatethem.Thereareahostofcauses,Iwouldargue,behindthistrend.Tonameonlyone:thelackofmoraleducation.Thegovernmentshouldwageamassivemoralcampaigntofightagainstthistrendandweourselvesshouldendeavortobehavedecentlyinourdailylives.Ascollegestudentsofthenewage,weshouldtaketheleadingrole。 感恩 OnCultivatingtheSenseofGratitude Oncollegecampusesacrossthenation,thereisanoticeablephenomenonthatwecannotaffordtoignore:fartoomanyyoungcollegestudentslackthesenseofgratitude,oneofthecountlesstraditionalvirtuesofthisancientlandwithasplendidcivilizationspanningover5,000years.Theseyoungadultswerenotandarenotawareofthehugeimportanceofexpressinggratitudetothosewhooncehelpedthem,fromteacherstoparentsandsoforth。 Personally,Ideemthattherootcauseofstudentswithoutagracefulheartisthatthey
receiveaneducationnotvaluingthemoralsphere.Istronglybelievethatjointeffortsfromfolksacrosssocietyarethefinalremedyforthissocialheadache.Asyounguniversitystudentsofthenewera,weshouldmakeourowncontributionstothiscause.Imagineaworldwithoutthesenseofgratitude.Thiskindofworldisdoomedtofailure.Simplyput,weshouldjoinourhandstoheightenourawarenessoffosteringagracefulheart.Onlyinthiswaycanwebuildoursocietyintoaharmoniousone.Myfellowstudents,Ibegyoutoactfromnowon。大学生使用信用卡现象 OnCreditCard Atpresent,awidevareityofcreditcardsissuedbymajorbanksandshoppingmallsarethrivingincollegesanduniversitiesacrossthenation,withamultitudeofcollegestudentsmakingupagrowingpopulationofcardholders.Indeed,oneoutoffivestudentsisestimatedtobeinpossessionofatleastonecreditcard,andthefigureisexpectedtobeonthesteadyincrese,thelatestdatapublishedbyYangtzeEveningPostsuggests。 Likeanythingpriortotheemergenceofthissmallpieceofplastic,theincreasingpopularityofcreditcardoncampushasbothbrightanddarksides.Ontheonehand,youngadultsincollege,freefromthetroubleofpocketingaconsiderablesumofcash,couldenjoytheconvenienceofcreditcardsandpurchaseexpensivegoodsbyinstallments.Ontheotherhand,however,theirresponsibleandexcessiveuseofthecardsbytheseyoungsters,themajorityofwhomarefreshoutofmiddleschoolincapableofbudgetingtheirmoney,canmakethemheavilyindebtwhichwilltakethemyearstopayoff。 Onmypersonallevel,whileenjoyingahostofconveniencesthecreditcardmaybring,wecouldn’taffordtoignoreaconspiciousfact:inmostcases,parentsareoursolefinancialsources.Insteadofspendingwithoutanyrestrict,wearesupposedtoputstudiesonthetopofouragendaandmoveourselvesbeyondheavydependenceuponourparents。开头Recently,theproblemof…hasarousedpeople’sconcern.最近,…问题已引起人们的关注.Internethasbeenplayinganincreasinglyimportantroleinourday-to-daylife.Ithasbroughtalotofbenefitsbuthascreatedsomeseriousproblemsaswell.互联网已在我们的生活中扮演着越来越重要的角色.它给我们带来了许多好处,但也产生了一些严重的问题.Nowadays,(overpopulation)hasbecomeaproblemwehavetoface.
如今,(人口过剩)已成为我们不得不面对的问题了.Itiscommonlybelievedthat…/Itisacommonbeliefthat…人们一般认为…Manypeopleinsistthat…很多人坚持认为…Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,moreandmorepeoplebelievethat…随着科技的发展,越来越多的人认为…Alotofpeopleseemtothinkthat…很多人似乎认为…引出不同观点:People’sviewson…varyfrompersontoperson.Someholdthat….However,othersbelievethat….人们对…的观点因人而异.有些人认为…..然而其他人却认为...Peoplemayhavedifferentopinionson…人们对…可能会有不同的见解.Attitudestowards(drugs)varyfrompersontoperson.人们对待吸毒的态度因人而异.Therearedifferentopinionsamongpeopleasto…关于….人们的观点大不相同.Differentpeopleholddifferentattitudestoward(failure).对(失败)人们的态度各不相同.结尾Takingallthesefactorsintoconsideration,wenaturallycometotheconclusionthat…把所有这些因素加以考虑,我们自然会得出结论…Takingintoaccountallthesefactors,wemayreasonablycometotheconclusionthat…考虑所有这些因素,我们可能会得出合理的结论…Hence/Therefore,we’dbettercometotheconclusionthat…因此,我们最好得出这样的结论…
Thereisnodoubtthat(job-hopping)hasitsdrawbacksaswellasmerits.毫无疑问,跳槽有优点也有缺点.Allinall,wecannotlivewithout…Butatthesametimewemusttrytofindoutnewwaystocopewiththeproblemsthatwouldarise.总之,我们没有…是无法生活的.但同时,我们必须寻求新的解决办法来对付可能出现的新问题.提出建议:Itishightimethatweputanendtothe(trend).该是我们停止这一趋势的时候了.Itistimetotaketheadviceof…andtoputspecialemphasisontheimprovementof该是采纳…的建议,并对…的进展给予特殊重视的时候了.Thereisnodoubtthatenoughconcernmustbepaidtotheproblemof…毫无疑问,对…问题应予以足够的重视.Obviously,….Ifwewanttodosomething…,itisessentialthat…显然,如果我们想做某事,很重要的是…Onlyinthiswaycanwe…只有这样,我们才能…Itmustberealizedthat…我们必须意识到…预示后果:Obviously,ifwedon’tcontroltheproblem,thechancesarethat…willleadusindanger.很明显,如果我们不能控制这一问题,很有可能我们会陷入危险.Nodoubt,unlesswetakeeffectivemeasures,itisverylikelythat…毫无疑问,除非我们采取有效措施,很可能会…Itisurgentthatimmediatemeasuresshouldbetakentostopthesituation.很紧迫的是,应立即采取措施阻止这一事态的发展.论证Frommypointofview,itismorereasonabletosupportthefirstopinionratherthanthesecond.在我看来,支持第一种观点比支持第二种观点更有道理.Icannotentirelyagreewiththeideathat…我无法完全同意这一观点….Personally,Iamstandingonthesideof…就个人而言,我站在…的一边.
Isincerelybelievethat…我真诚地相信…Inmyopinion,itismoreadvisabletodo…thantodo….在我个人看来,做…比做…更明智.Finally,tospeakfrankly,thereisalsoamorepracticalreasonwhy…给出原因:Thisphenomenonexistsforanumberofreasons.First,…Second,…Third,…这一现象的存在是有许多原因的.首先,…第二,…第三,…Whydid…?Foronething…Foranother….Perhapstheprimaryreasonis…为什么会…?一个原因是…令一个原因是…或许其主要原因是….Iquiteagreewiththestatementthat…thereasonsarechieflyasfollows.我十分赞同这一论述,即…,其主要原因如下:列出解决办法:Herearesomesuggestionsforhandling…这是如何处理某事的一些建议.Thebestwaytosolvethetroublesis…解决这些麻烦的最好办法是…Peoplehavefiguredoutmanywaystosolvethisproblem.人们已找出许多办法来解决这个问题.批判错误观点和做法:Asfarassomethingisconcerned,….就某事而言,…Itwasobviousthat…很显然,….Itmaybetruethat…,butitdoesn’tmeanthat…可能…是对的,但这并不意味着…Itisnaturaltobelievethat…,butweshouldn’tignorethat…认为….是很自然的,但我们不应忽视….Thereisnoevidencetosuggestthat…没有证据表明…如何连接强调still,Indeed,apparently,oddlyenough,ofcourse,afterall,significantly,interestingly,also,aboveall,surely,certainly,undoubtedly,inanycase,anyway,aboveall,infact,especially.Obviously,clearly.比较
like,similarly,likewise,inthesameway,inthesamemanner,equally.对比bycontrast,onthecontrary,while,whereas,ontheotherhand,unlike,instead,but,conversely,differentfrom,however,nevertheless,otherwise,whereas,unlike,yet,incontrast.列举forexample,forinstance,suchas,take…forexample.Except(for),toillustrate.时间later,next,then,finally,atlast,eventually,meanwhile,fromnowon,atthesametime,forthetimebeing,intheend,immediately,inthemeantime,inthemeanwhile,recently,soon,nowandthen,during,nowadays,since,lately,assoonas,afterwards,temporarily,earlier,now,afterawhile.顺序first,second,third,then,finally,tobeginwith,firstofall,inthefirstplace,last,next,aboveall,lastbutnottheleast,firstandmostimportant.可能presumably,probably,perhaps.解释inotherwords,infact,asamatteroffact,thatis,namely,insimplerterms.递进Whatismore,inaddition,and,besides,also,furthermore,too,moreover,furthermore,aswellas,additionally,again.让步although,afterall,inspiteof…,despite,evenif,eventhough,though,admittedly,whatevermayhappen.转折however,ratherthan,insteadof,but,yet,ontheotherhand,unfortunately.whereas原因forthisreason,dueto,thanksto,because,becauseof,as,since,owingto.结果asaresult,thus,hence,so,therefore,accordingly,consequently,asconsequence.总结onthewhole,inconclusion,inaword,tosumup,inbrief,insummary,toconclude,tosummarize,inshort.其他Mostly,occasionally,currently,naturally,mainly,exactly,evidently,frankly,commonly,forthispurpose,toalargeextent,formostofus,inmanycases,inthiscase,图表作文常用句型Asisshowninthegraph…如图所示…Thegraphshowsthat…图表显示…Ascanbeseenfromthetable,…从表格中可以看出…Fromthechart,weknowthat…从这张表中,我们可知…Allthesedataclearlyprovethefactthat…所有这些数据明显证明这一事实,即…Theincreaseof….Inthecityhasreachedto20%.….在这个城市的增长已达到20%.In1985,thenumberremainedthesame.1985年,这个数字保持不变
Therewasagradualdeclinein1989.1989年,出现了逐渐下降的情况.