小马过河机经预测7月23日写作 33页

小马过河2011年7-10月托福机经预测V11.0写作机经分册（本次排序适用于7月23日托福考试）附2011年托福/SAT/ACT考试日历（附带新题日预测） 小马过河专业备考网www.xiaoma.com期待您的加入！小马过河资源下载站http://www.xiaoma.com/dl精华推荐托福备考计划之小马备考包托福机经资源汇总及托福新题日预测汇总2011年小马托福机经预测中标情况最新托福机经预测范围托福新手备考指南——托福听力菜鸟3个月份飞跃计划在线课堂在线托福听写训练营http://bbs.xiaoma.com/forum-forumdisplay-fid-1-page-1.html听写是提高听力的唯一途径，快加入我们吧^_^IBT-SAT——小马过河专业备考1 目录附录：2011年托福/SAT/ACT考试日历（附带新题日预测）................................2本次托福机经预测说明................................................................................................3写作机经使用说明........................................................................................................4小马过河2011托福机经预测......................................................................................5中标记录........................................................................................................................5托福考试机经范围........................................................................................................6机经内容........................................................................................................................7第1套最重点机经20100320NA.........................................................................7第2套最重点机经20100312NA.........................................................................9第3套最重点机经20100306NA.......................................................................11第4套最重点机经20100213NA.......................................................................13第5套最重点机经20100130NA.......................................................................16第6套最重点机经20091107NA.......................................................................18第1套重点机经20091031NA...........................................................................20第2套重点机经20090911NA...........................................................................22第3套重点机经20090403NA...........................................................................24第4套重点机经20100522NA...........................................................................26第5套重点机经20100626NA...........................................................................28第6套重点机经20100619NA...........................................................................30附录：2011年托福/SAT/ACT考试日历（附带新题日预测）IBT-SAT——小马过河专业备考2 本次托福机经预测说明（1）托福预测机经V10.1版本在2011年7月9日托福考试后更新，适用于参加7-10月托福考试的考生，尤其适用于7月23日托福考生。（2）适用于8月13日考生的特别版本V11.1将在7月23日考试后推出，但是大致范围不变，因此8.13考生可以先参考V11.0。每次托福考试后，小马过河都将针对下一次考试调整机经范围和排序。（3）由于6月25日考试以旧题为主，因此7月23日几乎可以确定是新题；如果7月23日考试是新题，则8月27日新题的可能性降低，9月24日是新题的可能性随之增加。（4）关于托福加场的新题几率预测：由于8月28日的考试不符合新题出现的规律，并且去年下半年的三次加场都不是新题，此外，8月28日的加场符合拼盘和大陆旧题的出现规律，因此小马预测8月28日的托福考试是大陆旧题/北美旧题拼盘，同学们可以报名。更多新题日预测可参见小马过河网站。（5）小马过河根据以往2010-2011上半年ETS托福考试重复规律，通过6种规律方式规划出2011年7-10月的的范围。（6）本预测为小马过河独家产品，可以随意转载。（7）大家不能过于依赖预测机经，提高实力是关键。（8）小马过河会根据ETS的每一次考试及时更新和调整范围，所以请随时跟踪小马过河论坛（bbs.xiaoma.com）的托福考试机经和新题日预测。（9）预测机经分成三部分：阅读和听力；口语；写作。IBT-SAT——小马过河专业备考3 写作机经使用说明（1）提前准备思路和模板。根据话题大致将要书写的内容或者例子准备好，到考场上迅速精准的释放（2）提前些好范文。就算不中标，也毕竟是真题，锻炼自己的写作能力。写作机经后面附有参考答案，大家可以参考作者的思路和写作语言（3）对于综合写作提前了解听的和阅读的文章的要点更能让你的综合写作在考场上信手拈来！IBT-SAT——小马过河专业备考4 小马过河2011托福机经预测中标记录托福考试日期预测机经中标机经2011年01月22日小马托福预测机经V2.0版本第2套机经2011年02月12日小马托福预测机经V4.0版本第3套机经2011年02月20日小马托福预测机经V4.1版本第3套机经2011年02月26日小马托福考试新题日预测----2011年03月12日小马托福预测机经V6.0版本第1套机经2011年03月13日313主推三套重点推荐机经第1套机经2011年03月20日小马托福预测机经V6.1版本第1套机经2011年03月26日小马托福预测机经V6.3版本次重点机经第2套机经2011年04月09日小马托福预测机经V7.0版本第3套机经第7套机经2011年04月23日小马托福预测机经V7.1版本第10套机经2011年05月14日小马托福考试新题日预测----小马托福预测机经V8.0版本第10套机经2011年05月29日529主推唯一重点推荐机经第1套机经2011年06月19日小马托福预测机经V9.1版本第4套机经2011年06月25日小马托福预测机经V10.0版本第8套机经2011年07月09日小马托福预测机经V10.1版本第5套机经IBT-SAT——小马过河专业备考5 托福考试机经范围本次排序适用于7月23日托福考试最重点机经（6套）——日期按照推荐阅读的顺序排列第1套最重点机经20100320NA第2套最重点机经20100312NA第3套最重点机经20100306NA第4套最重点机经20100213NA第5套最重点机经20100130NA第6套最重点机经20091107NA重点机经（6套）——日期按照推荐阅读的顺序排列第1套重点机经20091031NA第2套重点机经20090911NA第3套重点机经20090403NA第4套重点机经20100522NA第5套重点机经20100626NA第6套重点机经20100619NAIBT-SAT——小马过河专业备考6 机经内容最重点机经（6套）第1套最重点机经20100320NA综合写作：文章：一个C开头的古代人群，修建了很宽的路，但是因为没有文字记录，不知道他们修这些路做什么。有人认为有以下三种可能：1.为了运货和运人2。宗教关系（提到现在美国西南部有一些人用同样的办法做祭祀）3.抵御外敌入侵听力：1.路没有连到settlement,所以不是运人，那时候没有车，所以只有牲畜，如果是用牲畜来运输货物，路没必要那么宽2.宗教原因，因为没有文字记录，没法证明这种C人和那些美国西南部的人是有关联的。3.抵御入侵的话，因为路上也没有发现有什么类似防御物的遗迹，如果路上什么都没有设置的话，敌人要入侵还是很容易。独立写作：有些人觉得他们可以靠自己或者家人的帮助，解决importantproblems.因此，人们不需要政府的帮助。Disagree当人们受到伤害，法律会保护我们的合法权益和利益。在政府的帮助下，人们可以更好地解决问题。有些问题是个人解决不了的。比如公共设施：马路，公园等让步，当然很多事情也是政府无法解决的。比如感情问题，只能依靠自己或朋友Canpeoplesolveallproblemsbythemselvesandhavenoneedtoaskhelpfromgovernment?Somepeoplearguethatpeoplecangethelpfromtheirfamilymembers.However,asfarasIamconcerned,therearesomeimportantproblemsindividualscannotsolvebythemselvesandgovernment‟shelpisnecessary.Firstandforemost,whenpeoplegethurtfromotherpeopleororganizations,weneedlawstoprotectourlegitimaterightsandinterests.Forexample,ifwearecheatedbyothersorifwebuyfakegoods,itwillbeuselessforustoaskthosebadguystoreturnthemoneyback.Thebestandtheonlymeasurewecantakeistoissuethem.Governmenthasmanypowersthatindividualsneverhave.AlotofproblemsaretooIBT-SAT——小马过河专业备考7 complicatedforindividualstodealwith.Inaddition,evenifindividualscansolvesomeproblemsontheirown,withthehelpofgovernment,theycansolvethesameproblemsbetter.Forexample,myneighborMr.Lee‟sfatherwasdiagnosedofcancerlastyear.Inordertosavehisfather‟slife,heusedupallofhismoney.Evenifheworkedharderthanever,hisfamily‟slifewasstillrough.Nevertheless,afterthegovernmentgrantedhimaloan,hecouldaffordtheexpensesofhisfatherandthefamilynow.Itisreallyareliefforhim.ThemoneyisjustpieceofcakeforgovernmentwhileforMr.Leeitcansavehisfather‟slifeandthewholefamily.Lastbutnotleast,someissuesareimportanttoeveryone,butnobodywantstodealwiththem.Thepublictransportationandroads,forinstance,offereveryoneconvenience.Nonetheless,nobodywantstocostmoneytobuildroadsbecausetheycouldhardlyprofitfromitandpreventotherstobenefitfromit.Onlygovernmentcanhandlethesekindsofissues.Publichealthisanotherexampletoillustratethispoint.Whenfacingvirussuchasflu,individualsarevulnerableifgovernmenttakesnothingtopreventtheepidemicsituation.Tosumup,Peoplecannotsolveimportantproblemsbythemselvesorwiththehelpfromtheirfamilymemberssoitisnecessaryforthegovernmenttohelpthem.(362)IBT-SAT——小马过河专业备考8 第2套最重点机经20100312NA综合写作：讲congestionpricing。说为了缓解交通拥堵，解决办法就是在city中的某个区域收费，这样就能缓解一下。第一个point.这样做可以improvetime(主要就是说节省时间)第二个point.可以改善环境improvethatarea"senvironment第三个point.收的fee可以用于revenue（这个单词没记住怎么拼大概就）thecity可以再修路，修桥什么的:lecture中，professor否定了这个观点。1.他认为这样做有些司机不愿意花钱走这个区域就得绕路，更浪费时间。举了个例子：送快递的，他们要省钱，所以送快递的时候会变长。2.在收费区里面环境可能会好点，但是周围的车相对就会增多，noiseandairpollution就会多。所以不是整个city都能环境变好3.有的人不能afford这个费用了，就会去坐subway，政府就得出更多的钱维护subway，这样一来收的那点钱可能还不够维护的，所以也不能起到帮助修桥，修路什么的作用了英文版：It‟saboutthecities"congestionpricingpolicy;thereadingisinthepositiveattitude:1.timesaving2.goodfortheenvironment3.considerablerevenue.While,thespeakerrefutesthethreepointsonebyone.独立写作：Agreeordisagree?Ifchildwanttodowellinschool,parentsshouldlimitthehoursofwatchingTVprogramsormovies。Thedistributionofchildren‟sextracurriculartimehasbecometheobjectforanintensedebateamongeducatorswhoaretryingtofindrecipeforincreasingchildren‟sperformanceatschooleffectively.Idisagreewiththesuggestiontolimitthechildren‟stimespentonTV,andIcontendthatthemostessentialproblemliesintheeducationinitselfwhichhasscarcelyemphasizedchildren‟sindividualinterest.Lesstimespentontelevisiondoesn‟tnecessarilyimplythatchildrenwouldconcentrateanymoreonstudy.Childrencouldstillwastetheirtimeelsewhere,likeinternetandmovieswhichsimilarlydistractchildrenfromtheirstudyandmayconsumemoretimethantelevisions.Afterall,televisionprogramsarenotaslongasmoviesandusuallylessaddictingthaninternet.Hencetorestrictchildren‟stelevisionIBT-SAT——小马过河专业备考9 timemayleadtoworsescenarioswherechildrenarealluredawaybyotheractivitiesdoingnogoodtotheirstudy.Moreover,televisionhasalsomeritineducatingourchildren.Peoplewouldinstinctivelybelievethatmerelyasaformofentertainment,watchingtelevisionisuseless.Yetforchildrenwhohaven‟tdevelopedstrongcognitiveability,rigidteachingmethodsatschoolarenotnearlyaseffectiveasinitiativelearninginrecreationis.Inthissense,forbiddingchildrentowatchingtelevisionisnotrequiredtoimprovechildren‟sschoolperformance.Inaddition,limitingchildren‟stimespentontelevisionisjustscratchingthesurfaceoftheissue.Oureducationsystemhasputnoheedtostudents‟individualinterestandgovernmentinterferestoomuchwithdisciplineatschools.Asaconsequence,neitherclassnorhomeworkcouldinterestchildren.Itaccountsforwhysuchpolicymustfailtoinvigoratechildrenatschool.Ratherthanlimitchildrentowatchtelevision,wehavealottodotoaddressthisissue,bywhichIsupposeincreasingfinancialbudgetisamust-dotoexpendtheflexibilityofcourses,improveinstructionqualityandrenovateeducationinfrastructure.Governmentshouldguaranteethatschoolscanaffordmorequalifiedteachersandexpenseofnecessaryeducationequipment,suchasmulti-mediaclassroom,outdooreducationalfacilitiesandsoon.(335)IBT-SAT——小马过河专业备考10 第3套最重点机经20100306NA综合写作：一个帝国的短期消亡有三个原因一是被征服者的反抗二是气候变化引起食物供应不足三是贸易伙伴的制裁听力一一反驳。独立写作：人们应该坚持自己有挑战性的梦想还是注重实现现实的梦想。有挑战性的1.挑战性的计划能激发人们的潜力。例子：比尔盖茨2.有挑战的计划让人们更加努力工作。3.现实的计划会限制人们的发挥。Somepeoplearguethatoneshouldchoosemorepracticaldreamratherthanchallengingonebecauseitissafer.However,asfarasIamconcerned,challengingdreamcanbringusmoreopportunitiesandhelpustoachievesuccess.Firstandforemost,peoplecanbeinspiredbychallengingplans.Astheoldsayinggoes,one‟spotentialisendless.Nothingisimpossibleifwetryourbest.Forexample,BillGates,oneofthemostsuccessfulpersonsintheworld,quitfromfamousuniversityandchoseamoresatisfyingcareer—tostartanenterprise.Mostpeoplewouldthinkhemustbecrazy.Nevertheless,GateshascreatedtheMicrosoftEmpirebecauseheknewthattherewouldbeahugemarketforpersonalcomputerdecadesago.Ifhecontinuedhisstudywhichseemedtobemorepracticalatthattime,hewouldhardlyachievesuchsuccess.Inaddition,whenfacingchallengingplans,peoplealwaysworkharder.Ibelievechallengeandpressurecanbringoutthebestinpeople.Forexample,myfatherwasborninasmallvillage.Helearnedconstructionfrommygrandfatherandwantedtobeabuildingworkerinthevillagejustlikemygrandfather.AfterhewenttoWuan,abigcitynearhisvillage,hewasattractedbytheprospectofthecityandsohedecidedtogotoWuan.Hemadeuphismindtobecomeadoctorinthatcity.Afterfiveyearshardworkingandstruggle,heopenedaprivatehospitalinWuanfinally.Ifheneverwentoutofvillage,hewouldbejustacountryworker.IBT-SAT——小马过河专业备考11 Lastbutnotleast,practicalplanswillpreventpeoplefrommakingbreakthrough.Thenatureofpeopleislazy.Whenpeoplesatisfywiththeircurrentlives,theywillneverwanttogiveupthesecurelives.Yearsafteryears,itbecomesharderforthemtochallengethemselvesbecausetheyhavealreadyacceptedwhattheyare.Mysistergaveupstudyingaboardaftergraduationandchoseasecurejobathometown.Nowshegotmarriedandhadababy.Herlifeisnotquitewellsincethemoderatesalaries.However,shetoldmethatshehasacceptedherlife.Tosumup,inordertohavegreatersuccess,peopleshouldwaitforsatisfyingjobsratherthanacceptthesecurejobrightaway.(387)IBT-SAT——小马过河专业备考12 第4套最重点机经20100213NA综合写作（又是Trex恐龙，2011年4月9日大陆的综合作文和2009年10月17日的北美综合作文都是Trex恐龙，这是第三个Trex相关的话题了）Readingpassage说T.rex这种食肉恐龙能跑，原因：1，吃其他跑的很快的食草动物。2，胯骨和跑的很快的老虎一样。3，发现的化石上证明脚趾大，两个脚分的远，站着感觉很强壮，所以跑的快。Speaker就不同意了，她说：1，吃死的食草动物，因为它鼻子厉害，能闻到死尸的味道。2，胯骨虽然长的和老虎一样，但是骨头要脆要弱。3，肌肉不是能跑的肌肉，弱的很。独立写作版本1Doyouagreewiththefollowingstatement?Inateam,thosewhodonotacceptothers‟criticismcannotsucceed.Thereisnowayonecanavoidcriticismfromotherpeople.Criticismisverynaturalasmostpeoplecanseetheworldonlyfromtheirpointofview.Hencetheyareunabletoseetheholisticpictureoftheworldandtheneedfordiversity.Ifapersondoesnotknowhowtohandlecriticismfromothermembersofateam,he/shemaytendtoreactnegativelytowardsthem,andhis/herworkperformanceisnotlikelytobesuccessful.Whileworkinginateam,youcannotbesurethatyouropinions,decisionsorapproachesarealwayscorrect,andinmanycasesyouwillneedtoacceptcriticismfromothermemberswhowillpointoutyourmistakesanddirectyoutowardstherightcourseofaction.Insports,forexample,especiallyinteamsportssuchasfootballorbasketball,anyoneplayer,nomatterhowskillfulorexperiencedthisplayeris,willmakemistakesduringagame,sometimeseven“deadlyones”.Andwhencriticismspourinafterthegame,fromteammembers,thecoach,orteamfans,thebeststrategyisnottorunawayorfindexcusestoavoidthesecriticisms,buttolistentoandaccepttheircriticisms,taketheiradvice,andtryhardtoimprovethenexttime.Othertimes,youmayoccasionallybemisinterpreted,misjudged,andthereforeunfairlycriticized,butinafriendlyworkenvironment,thesecriticismsareoftenmadeoutofgoodwill.Sointhesecasesitmaybehelpfulthatyoulistencarefullytowhatotherssayandtrytounderstandtheirpointsofview,insteadofreactingaggressivelyIBT-SAT——小马过河专业备考13 towardsthem,whichmayharmteamrelationshipinthelongrun.Ithinkweallhaveseen,inreallifeoronaTVprogram,asituationwheretwopeoplestartedyellingateachotheronlybecauseonethinkstheotherisintentionallyfindingfault.Butoftenthisisduetoasimplemisunderstandingormiscommunication.Asuccessfulteamplayerwouldfirstofallstaycalm,summarizetheotherperson‟sperspective,thenfindouttherootofsuchmisunderstanding,andfinallyresolvetheconflict.Criticism,especiallyifitseemsunjustified,canbepainfulandcauseadefensivereaction,butatrulysuccessfulteamplayerwillfacecriticismwithpatienceandprofessionalism,andturnitintoaconstructiveforcetowardsfinalsuccess.(387)版本2Doyouagreewiththefollowingstatement?Peopleholdingdifferentviewscannotachievesuccessasateam..Teamworkhasbecomeanimportantpartoftheworkingculture.Mostcompaniesnowrealizetheimportanceofteamworkbecauseinourmodernworldmanytasksarebecomingincreasinglycomplexthattheyrequireateamwithmultipleskillstocomplete.Butisittruethateverymemberintheteamshouldhavethesameopinioninordertoachievesuccess?Frommypointofview,mostofthetime,ateamconsistingofdivergentopinionsaremorelikelytosucceed.Asweallknow,itisnotpracticaltoexpecteveryoneinateamtohavethesamepointofview,becauseeveryoneisadifferentindividualwhohashisorherownpersonalityandideasduetodifferentbackgrounds.However,oftensuchdifferencesinopinionscanberesolvedaftersufficientdiscussionandespeciallyaftercoordinationbyateamleader.Ioncejoinedafootballteambackinhighschool.Everytimebeforeafootballmatch,teammemberswouldsittogetheranddiscussstrategiesinordertodefeatouropponentinthenextgame.Ofteninsuchdiscussionmanydifferentvoicescanbeheard:Somemembersadvocateoffensebutothersemphasizedefense.Theteamleader,thecaptainofourteam,whoisaveryexperiencedfootballplayer,oftenplayedaveryimportantrole.Hewouldmakethefinaldecisiononteamdeployment,andhisstrategyalwaysbalancedoffensewithdefense.Underhisleadership,ourteamhadwonfourchampionshipsintheschoolfootballleague.Furthermore,evenifdifferentopinionscannotberesolved,itdoesnotmeanateamwillfail,becausesometimesdifferenceinopinionswillleadtosomebrightthoughtsandcreativeideas.Inacompany,forexample,themajorityofteammembers,becauseIBT-SAT——小马过河专业备考14 ofcompanytraditionorroutine,areoftenconfinedtoastereotypedviewandtheywouldtendtoagreewitheachotherpassively.Butthebestideasoftencomeafterheateddiscussionamongteammembers,whoholddifferentorevenconflictingviews.Sotheyneedsomeonedifferent,someonewhocansaynototheoldpractice,togenerateinnovativeideasandachieveimportantbreakthroughs.Inaword,havingthesameopinionorattitudetotheissueisnotaguaranteeofsuccessfulteamwork.Indeed,wecanlearnalotfromthedifferentviews,aslongastheteamhasadefiniteaimandisledbyanexperiencedteamleader.(394)IBT-SAT——小马过河专业备考15 第5套最重点机经20100130NA综合写作：文章说推行新型灯泡（CFL）替换老灯泡的政策不好.给了3点理由:1）太贵.2）有污染.3）光对眼睛不好。教授反驳:1）虽然贵但是耐用,算总成本还是CFL灯便宜.2）用旧灯泡发电需要用煤和水银，会造成更多污染.3）老的CFL灯有这个问题,但是新的CFL灯已经phosphor混合了.所以光不单调了,对眼睛好了.独立写作：Doyouagreethatthegovernmentshouldsupportthescientificresearcheventhere‟snopracticaluse？基础研究是一切发明的前提。有些研究在开始看上去似乎没用，但是后来证明是有用的政府应该合理分配预算Shouldgovernmentsupportscientificresearchthatdoesnothaveanypracticaluse?Somepeoplearguethatgovernmentshouldpaymoreattentiononthoseusefulresearchestodealwithrealproblems.However,asfarasIamconcerned,wehavebenefitedfrommanyscientificresearchesthatseemtohavenothingpracticaluse.Firstandforemost,basicresearchwhichalwaysseemstohavenopracticaluseisimportantforsciencedevelopment.Mostofpracticalscienceisbasedontheories.Ifscientistsstudynothingabouttheories,noinventionswillbemade.Forexample,ThomasEdisoninventedelectricbulbwhichenlightenthedarkworld.Hecouldn‟tmakethebigbreakthroughwithoutdiscoveriesfoundbynumerousscientistsbeforehim.Justlikebuildingamansion,theheightofthemansiondependsonhowdeepthefoundationis.Althoughbasicresearchesaremostlyuselessforpractice,theyarethefoundationofscience.Inaddition,somescientificresearchesseemtobeuselessatthebeginningwhiletheyturnouttobeusefulintheend.Evenscientistscouldn‟ttellifsomeresearcheshavepracticaluse.Forinstance,gunpowderwasinventedforfireworksandcrackers.Nobodyknewthatitwasusedinwarslateronandkillednumeroushumanbeings‟IBT-SAT——小马过河专业备考16 lives.Wedon‟tknowneitherthatspacestationcanbreedsometransgenicvegetableswhichmaycuresomediseaseswhenwebegantosendrocketstothespace.Tothecontrary,somekindsofresearchesthatareclaimedtobeusefulturnouttobeuseless.Wecouldn‟tdeterminewhichonehaspracticaluseandwhichonedoesn‟tbeforewedoresearch.Lastbutnotleast,governmentsshouldbalancethemoneytheyhave.Thatthegovernmentshouldsupportuselessscientificresearchdoesn‟tmeanthatthegovernmentshouldpayendlessmoneyonit.Afterall,thoseresearcheswhichcansolverealproblemsaremoreemergencyandcrucialtomanypeople.Wecanseetheyieldintheclosefuture.Basicresearch,ontheotherhand,needslongertimeandmoreenergytoshowthevalue.Tosumup,uselessscientificresearchshouldbesupportbygovernmentinthelongterm.Atthesametime,governmentshouldbalancethebudgetdependingonthepracticalsituation.(363)IBT-SAT——小马过河专业备考17 第6套最重点机经20091107NA综合写作：EasterIsland大石像如何从interior搬到coast的;1pulling,2walking,3rollinglecturer反对，分别因为：1没有足够人力pulling；2石像底座没有损坏，所以不是walking；3rolling也不对因为godownthehill不可能不不搞碎石像。独立写作：Forsuccessfuldevelopmentofacountry,shouldagovernmentfocusitsbudgetmoreonveryyoungchildreneducationratherthanonuniversities?1、大学需要高水平的学者和教授来保证教育质量。而这些人需要更高的工资。2、大学的设施更贵。图书馆，食堂，宿舍，体育馆3、让步，小学也很需要钱，但是他们有捐款Educationhasnowbecomethenation"sconcern.Somepeoplearguethatgovernmentshouldfocusitsbudgetsonyoungchildren"seducationratherthanuniversities.Iconcedethatyoungchildren"seducationlargelyreliesongovernment"sbudget.However,universityeducationneedsmorefinancialaidtomaintainhigh-standardeducationandbuildschoolfacilities.Tobeginwith,universitieshavetohiretopscholarsandprofessorsindifferentfieldstoguaranteethequalityofeducation.Agoodandoutstandingprofessoroftendemandsahighsalary,thereforesalariesofthestafftakeupmostpartofauniversity"budget.Takemyschoolforexample,especiallytheacademyIamstudyingin.OuracademyhastopaylargeamountofmoneytohireprofessorswhograduatedfromYale,Brown,Cornellandotherworld-famouscolleges.Theydohavesomeexcellentteachingskills,whichmakesclassesinterestingandstudentscanunderstandthetopicthattheprofessoristalkingabouteasily.ProfessorSong,ateacherofeconomics,ismyfavoriteteacher.Oncewhenhetalkedaboutmarginalutility,hegavehislectureinafunnyandwell-organizedwaybyusinganexampleabouteatingapples.Istillrememberthiseasybutmeaningfulexamplebecauseithelpsmeformavividimageofmarginalutility,whichisanimportanttermineconomics.IBT-SAT——小马过河专业备考18 Secondly,schoolinstruments,crucialintheuniversityeducation,arecostly.Apeacefulenvironmentplaysanessentialroleinastudent"sacademicdevelopment.UniversitiesmustbuildlargelibrariestoaccommodatestudentsaswellasbooksandhundredsofadvancedcomputersareneededtosearchforinformationontheInternet.Studentsalsoneedtoreadsomelatestbooksormagazinestokeepthemselvesinformedofwhatisgoingonintheworld.Journals,suchasAmericanEconomicReviewandJournalofPoliticalEconomy,provideawayforstudentstoreadtheseanddocutting-edgeresearch.Dininghallorcafeteriaanddormitoriesarealsoimportantbecausetheymeetstudents"basicneeds.Sportscenter,inwhichstudentscanplayvariouskindsofsports,suchastennis,swimming,volleyballandsoon.Admittedly,earlyeducationneedshugeinvestment.Classrooms,playgrounds,andbusserviceadduptobigmoney.Accordingtoaresearchconductedbyafamousagency,theaveragecostofbuildingaprimaryschoolistwentyorthirtythousanddollars.However,thisdoesnotmeanthatcollegeeducationtakesthesecondplace.Earlyeducationcanrelyondonationsfromwealthyindividualsorlargecorporationssincetherearemoreandmoreprivateschoolstoday.Toconclude,althoughschoolsforchildrenneedbudgetstoimprovethestudyenvironment,collegeeducation,consideredastheelite"seducation,needmoretoguaranteethequalityofteachingandofferadequatefacilitiestostudents.Thusthegovernment,withalimitedbudget,shouldputprioritytocollegeeducation.(456)IBT-SAT——小马过河专业备考19 重点机经（6套）第1套重点机经20091031NA综合写作：hydroelectricpowerplants的好处，阅读部分里说他有三个好处1LowCost2污染少lowpollution3对动物危害小thewaterpathsprotectwildlifelecture逐条反驳1、不省cost。建造DAM前期的费用很大，所以不是LOWCOST.2、二氧化碳照样有。DAM会使PLANTSDECAY,这DECAY会产生很多CO23、也不是保护所有鱼类的，对动物危害很大，有些鱼游不上去就死了。Lecture:disagree1.Accountoftheresearchcostforselectinglocationandbuildingcost,thecostofhydroelectricplantsisnotlow2.Hydroelectricplantsproducethesameamountofgreenhousegasesasfossilfuelplantdo3.Waterpathscannotprotectallfishes;anexampleinEngland,akindoffishcannotusethewaterpathassalmondo独立写作：Doyouagreeordisagreewiththefollowingstatement?Itisoftennotagoodthingtomovetoanewcityoranewcountrybecauseofthelostofoldfriends?Livinginthemodernsociety,onehastohaveanetworkeventhoughheorshedecidestolivealone.Inthemeantime,migrationhasbecomeanotabledemographicfeature.Somearereluctanttomigrate,worryingaboutlosingoldfriends.However,inthemidstofalltechnologicaladvancesandcomplexityofinterpersonalrelationship,thatconcernisabittoomuch.Icontendthatmovingtoanewcountryhasnothingtodowithlossofoldfriends.Oneneedsonlyobservethemultiplewaysandcutting-edgeinfrastructurebywhichinformationisbeingcommunicatedtounderstandwhythenationalboundaryoroceanscanbynomeanshinderourrelationship.Dating500yearsagowhenoceanswerestillinsurmountableobstacles,people‟sfriendshipwaslargelydeterminedgeographically.Yettheoceanshavenowbecomehighwayswhichsignificantlyshrunktheworldinawaythatperpetuatesone‟sfriendshipwithothersevenwhenhemovesIBT-SAT——小马过河专业备考20 toanewcontinent.Nowadays,theworldistightenedinawaythathasnoprecedent.Theglobehaswitnessedtheriseofsocialnetworkingonline,whichamongmanytechnologicaladvancesmostdirectlytransformsthewayfriendshipisformedandmaintained.Peoplesharelinks,dairies,andvideosonline,meetfriendswhosharethecommoninterestandchatlive,aphenomenonthatobviatestheneedtomakefriendsphysicallyandtobeconcernedaboutlosingoldfriendsasaconsequenceofmigration.Despiteadistanceofthousandsofmilesaway,onecouldstillreadilykeepinlinewithfriends‟newfeedsonline.cBesides,moreinsightintofriendshipsubstantiatesmypointaswell.Inessence,friendshiprefersnotmerelytophysicalrelationship.Alternatively,exceptforthatfriendstalk,playandtraveltogether,theycareabouteachotherspiritually,anelementthataccountsfortrulyvaluablefriendship.Inthissense,movingtoanewcountrycouldatmostreducepeople‟sphysical,notspiritualinteractionwhichisnotlimitedbyspaceortime.Tosumup,Idisagreewiththestatementthatmovingtoliveinanewcountrythreatensouroldfriendshipintermsoftheadvancedcommunicationtechnologiesandnatureoffriendship.(350)IBT-SAT——小马过河专业备考21 第2套重点机经20090911NA综合写作：巴比伦花园存在吗？reading中说不可能，有三点理由第一不可能花那么多钱在一个花园上，那样没有价值第二个是沙漠里没有水，技术太难第三是，没有留下任何证据听力中说可能存在第一，国王有钱，建了吸引游客第二，当时优秀的farmer可以利用pullandpump把水送到高出第三，证据被战争毁了独立写作：Itisonlyworthwatchingmoviesthatcanteachussomethingaboutreallife,agreeordisagree？Inthedigitaleraofexplodinginformation,moviehasincorporatedintooureverydaylife.Thedebateaboutthevalueofmovieshasbeenpolarizedamongthesocialists.Onesideholdsevenholdsthatwatchingmoviesisawasteoftimeandmoneyunlessthemoviesaremeanttoteachussomethingaboutreallife.Idon‟tagreewiththatstatement,eventhoughIgivecredittomovieseducationvalue,andIassumethatmovieshavemanyotherusesaswell.Iturntomyfirstcontentionwiththestatementthatwedolearnalotfrommovieswhopromotegoodvirtuesandpreciousqualitiesnecessaryforlivingagoodlife.Forexample,in„thepursuitofhappiness‟,thefatherwhowasabandonedbyhiswifeasaresultofbusinessfailurehastaughtusmuchaboutthereallife.Thefatherlosthisjob,andwithnoincome,hewassoondrivenoutoftheapartmentinwhichhelivedwithhisson.Hestruggledtomaketheendsmeetbuthadtostayinstationbathroomovernightwithhisson.However,hehasnevergivenupbutfoughttopursuehisdreamandhappiness.Withhisoptimismandnever-giving-upspirit,hefinallygotapositionindistinguishedinstitutiononWallStreet.Inthissense,moviespromotinggoodvirtuesworkforabettersociety.YetIdon‟tagreethatit‟smeaninglesstowatchmoviesthatdon‟tmeantoteachsomethingaboutthereallife.Thechiefreasonisthatwewatchmoviesmoreoftenforthesakeofitsentertainmentvalue.Thatdoesn‟tnecessarilyimplythatwewon‟tlearnanythingfromthemovies.First,asaformofartandconveyorofpeople‟semotionorIBT-SAT——小马过河专业备考22 ideas,everyfilmhasitseducationalvalue.Moreover,thewaywelearnfromthemoviesisunconsciousandunintendedsincewewatchmoviesprimarilytorelaxourselvesandrelievetheburdenofthereal-lifedifficulties.Allsaid,iftheeducationalelementsareunderlying,peoplewouldstilllearnnothingwithoutthinkingtwice.Inaword,it‟sincontrovertiblethatmovieisresponsibleforeducation.Ontheotherhand,weshouldbeawarethatweshouldn‟tputover-emphasisonitseducationvalue.(364)IBT-SAT——小马过河专业备考23 第3套重点机经20090403NA综合写作：北美Hohokam人突然消失于X地的原因文章：1.过度耕种，漫灌，土地盐碱化，土地遂不孕不育2.把树砍光，动物没有栖息地，搬走；人类没东西吃，也走；3.战乱，跟风语者打一仗然后估计输了就撤了，理由是由类似于工事的东西。老师反对1.他们采用丰收之后休耕的做法，土地保养得很好一春又一春；再说在那以前1000年他们一直用得好好的，咋就一下没了？2.这种树生长很快，只用木材来生火和盖房子的古人是用不完的；3.有工事不等于有战争，也许只是预防而已；再说，没有其他关于战争的遗迹留下独立写作：Doyouagreeordisagreewiththefollowingstatement?Thebestwaytoimprovethequalityofeducationistoincreaseteacher‟ssalaries.Whetherthebestwaytoenhancetheeducation‟squalityistoimproveteachers‟salaries?Mostofpeopleclaimthattoimprovethefinanceofteachersdoesn‟tcontributetoincreasequalityofeducationbecausethereareotherwaystopromotetheeducationalquality.However,asfarasI‟mconcerned,itisamucheffectivewaytoimprovethequalityofeducationthroughmakestheteachers‟budgetsufficiently.Firstandforemost,satisfactorypaymentcouldserveasaneffectiveenginedrivingpeopletostriveformoreexcellentperformanceintheircareer.Ononehand,thesenseofsatisfactionthatobtainedfromdecentsalaryaswellasrespectablestatuscouldeliminatetheirtirednessandthentheirenthusiasmofworkingcouldbeboosted.Ontheotherhand,itisuniversallyacknowledgedthatthereisfuriouscompetitioninmodernsocietywhichensuesfromjobwithadequatepayment.Andinordertomaintaintheirpositionandevenprocurepromotioninthenearfuture,peoplemustbeovertimeworkingandhighconcentrationtoachievegreaterefforts.AccordingtoarecentsurveythatconductedbytheMinistryofEducation,thereare78.3percentofteachersthinkthattomakethehighersalaryisthemosteffectivewaytoincreasetheirqualityonteaching.Therefore,toincreasepaymentisaneffectiveengineleadteacherstodobetter.IBT-SAT——小马过河专业备考24 Inaddition,highpaymentcoulddecreasetheirburdenonthelifeofeconomic,andthenitisalsogoodfortheteacher‟shealth,becausehighpaymentenablethemtohavelesspressurefromfamily,andit‟salsounnecessaryforthemtofindexcessjobstoholdtheirfamily,suchashome-teaching.Thus,theycouldhavemuchmoretimeondoingexercise.Forexample,theycouldusetheirfreetimeonjogging.Itisanexcellentwayforthemtodecreasethepossibilityofsufferingtophysicaldisorders,likeobesity,hypertensionanddiabetes.So,teachersshouldhaveagoodhealthconditiontofacetheirworks,andthenthequalityofteachingwouldalsoincreasealot.Consequently,higherpaymentalsocontributestoteachers‟physicalfitness.Lastbutnotleast,thereisanotherwaytoimprovetheteachers‟qualityaswell,suchastotrainthemforawhile.Thereisnodenyingthefactthattotrainteachersisalsoaquicklymethodtoimprovetheirteachinglevels,becauseteacherscouldlearnmoreskillsinthecourses,suchasmanagingskills,leadingskillsandteachingskills.Butitisalsohavesomeinfluencenegatively,forexample,whenteacherstooktrainingclass,theymightdon‟thaveenoughtimetowork,andthentheirworkexperiencewouldlose.Thus,totrainteachersforawhileisnotthebestwaytoimprovethequalityofeducation.Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove,wemaysafelydrawtheconclusionthattoincreasesalaryisthebestwaytoimprovequalityofeducation.(475)IBT-SAT——小马过河专业备考25 第4套重点机经20100522NA综合写作给了一篇文章和两幅图。说实话，绝大多数说什么我都不懂，就知道说是鲸鱼的鳍有两种，分别是什么。之后给了3个原因，为什么会出现这两种不同的鳍。第一个原因是有的海里的鲸鱼直着游，鳍两边的肌肉受力和用力一直，所以两面肌肉一样发达。如果转圈游，两边肌肉就用力不均，一边发达，一边不发达，所以鳍就倒了。第二个原因是说关于营养的差别。第三个原因是说水压的差别。然后，一个教授出来了，给了一段演讲，彻底不同意这三种理论。第一个理论，教授说，转圈游的鲸鱼不是总向一面转圈的，也向另一个方向转。所以不存在用力不均匀的问题。第二个，（一走神过去了）。好像是说，如果是营养的问题，不光牵扯到鳍，还会牵扯到其他的。我好像也听到说，大海中的鲸鱼也是吃不同的东西的，所以营养问题不是决定因素。第三，关于水压。教授说，鲸鱼即使在海里，也有在深海和浅海的区别，水压也是不同的。然后举了一个新西兰附近鲸鱼的例子。教授问，如果水压是决定性因素，为什么新西兰会有这种类型的鲸鱼。独立写作Doyouagreeordisagreewiththefollowingstatement?Workingathomeusingcomputersortelephonesisbetterthanworkingintheoffice.Theglobalworldofworkhasseenradicalchangesinrecentyears,amongwhichtelecommuting,orworkingfromhome,standsoutasthemostremarkablebrainchildofthistechnologicalage.Anincreasingnumberofpeoplechoosetocompletetheirworkfromhomeandcommunicatewiththeirofficesusingcomputersortelephones.Whilethismayseemlikeabetteroptionforworkersandtheiremployers,thereareanumberofdrawbackslurkingbehindthebenefitsofthisdevelopment.Amajordisadvantageisthattelecommutingblursthelinebetweenyourleisuretimeandyourwork.Formostpeoplewhoworkintheoffice,theyhavefixedofficehours,forexamplefrom9amuntil5pm.Anytimeoutsideofthatperiod,exceptforsomerareoccasionswhentheyhavetoworkovertime,isconsideredfreetimeorfamilytime.IBT-SAT——小马过河专业备考26 However,whenpeoplestarttoworkfromhome,theymayfeelunabletoescapetheirworkorseparatetheirlifeathomefromtheirwork.Theymaystarttochecktheirworkemailfirstthinginthemorning,ortheymayworklateintothenight.Andbecausegettingtoworkissoeasywithouthavingtocommutetotheoffice,theymayactuallybeworkinglongerhoursthantheirofficecounterparts.Anotherdisadvantageisthatthequalityofworkmaysufferbecauseofthereducedface-to-faceinteractionwithotheremployeesorsupervisors.Animportantelementinthesuccessfuloperationofacompanyiseffectivecommunicationbetweenco-workers.Thiscommunicationisnotsimplymakingafewtelephonecallsorsendingafewemails.Itinvolvesface-to-facediscussions,brainstorming,persuasionorevenargumentswhereinnovativeideasandstrategicdecisionsarecreated.Thiskindofworkatmospherecanneverbecreatedinahomeenvironmentnomatterhowsophisticatedthetechnologyis.Finally,oncepeoplestartworkingawayfromtheoffice,thereisadecreasedsenseofworkingforaninstitutionbutinsteadanincreasedsenseofworkingforataskoraproduct.Therefore,workersmayfeellessloyaltoacompanyandmoreinclinedtochangejobsorworkpart-timeoroncontract,aslongasitcanprovidereasonablepayandaflexibleworkschedule.Workingintheoffice,ontheotherhand,oftengivespeopleasenseofbelonging,afeelingthattheyarepartofalargergroup.Apartfromthedisadvantagesalreadymentioned,therearealsodrawbacksincludingloneliness,isolation,theinitialhighcostofsettingup,domesticdistractionsandinterruptionsetc.Therefore,thismodern,seeminglyattractivemodeofworkingisactuallynotasefficientandrewardingasworkingintheoffice.(431)IBT-SAT——小马过河专业备考27 第5套重点机经20100626NA综合写作讲一个什么时候的warming然后给出三个theoriesthatcausethiswarming第一，洋流的变化。第二，comet撞上地球的原因。因为科学家研究土层，发现有一种玩意highconcentration是从comet里来的。)第三，海洋里释放出很多的methane，然后导致releasing很多heatto大气，和greenhouseeffect一样。听力，professor驳斥了三个理论第一，洋流虽然对warming有影响，但影响有限。可忽略不计(usingcomputermodeling)第二，那种highconcentration的玩意儿不是从comet里来的，是从一种organismorbacteria来的。这本来是那个理论最有力的证据，现在也证明不了什么了。第三，说释放methane导致warming需要很长很长的时间，根据什么证据，其实海洋释放methane是和warming同时发生的，而不是它的后果。所以这个理论也不成立。独立写作Doyouagreeordisagreewiththefollowingstatement?Peoplewhohavelearnedmanydifferentskillsaremorelikelytosucceedthanthosewhofocusonlearningonlyoneskill.Success,howeverit‟sdefined,requiresaction,anddecidingontheappropriateactiontotakerequiresskills.Someoftheseskillsaretaughtinschool,somearetaughtonthejob,andotherswelearnfromourgenerallifeexperience.Inordertobetrulysuccessful,apersonneedstopossessdifferenttypesofskillsratherthanrelyingononlyoneskill.Itcanbearguedthatpossessingoneparticularskill,especiallyifitisahighlyprofessionalone,canguaranteeastable,highlyrewardingandthereforesuccessfulcareer.Examplesoftheseskillsmayincludeartisticskillssuchaspaintingorsculpting,asportsskillsuchasswimmingorplayingtennis,oraspecializedskillsuchaswatchmakingorevenflyinganairplane.Inthesecases,thepersonhasfocusedonlearningoneskilllongenoughtobecomeanexpertinhisfieldandnoonecanIBT-SAT——小马过河专业备考28 challengeorreplacehim/her,whichislargelyconsideredtobeasignofgreatsuccess.However,mostoftheordinarypeopleintheworldarenotexpertsinanyfield.Theyarejustcommonpeopleinanordinaryprofession.Forthem,tobecomesuccessfuldoesnotrelyononespecializedskill,butacombinationofdifferentskills,andthemoreskillstheyhavelearned,themorelikelytheyaretosucceed.Onthetopoftheessentialskilllistisnumeracyskills.Thisinvolvestheabilitytoworkwithfigures,tocalculatesumsquickly,makefairlyaccurateestimatesandtounderstandthingslikecompoundinterestandbasicstatistics.Socializingskillsarealsoimportantbecausealargesocialnetworknotonlycreatestiestoabodyofpeoplebutalsocreatesanetworkofrelationships,whichallowsaccesstoalargepoolofresourcesandopportunities.Otherskillssuchasdecisionmaking,criticalthinkingaswellaspublicspeakingarealsoimportantgeneralskillsthatwillhelpanyonetogetaheadinpracticallyanyfield.Weliveinadiverseworldandconsequentlyitisnecessaryforapersontohavearangeofdifferentskillsinordertoachievesuccess.Weusetheseskills,consciouslyorunconsciously,tohelpussolvetheproblemswefaceinourlifeoratworkandtoleadustowardssuccess.（374）IBT-SAT——小马过河专业备考29 第6套重点机经20100619NA综合写作：Reading:Narswhal,aspeciesofwhale.Ithashusk,whichmayhavethreefunctions.First,tuskisusedtopiercethroughtheicesheet.Sonarswhalcanbreathe.Second,tusksareusedasweapon,attackingotherwhales.Third,tuskisusedtosensetheoceanpropertiessuchaspressure,temperature.Listening:Disagree.Eachargumenthasitsweakness.First,tuskwillbendunderpressure.Itistooflexibletobreaktheice.Icesheetsbreakbythemselves.Second,tuskingisauniqueforthemtocommunicatewithothernarswhal.CloserobserversfoundthatNarswhalusetheirtuskstogentlyrubothernarswhals.Third,allofmaleNarswhalshavehusks,butonlyafewoffemaleshavehusks.Butfemaleslivelongerthanmales.独立写作：Doyouagreeordisagreewiththefollowingstatement?Ifyouneedtodiscussupsettingorcontroversialproblemswithothers,Usinge-mail/textmessagingisbetterthanusingtelephone/voice-messaging.WhenIneedtotalkaboutaproblemthatmightbeupsetting,Iprefertousee-mailortextmessagingtoexpressmyself.Ihavethreemainreasonsforthispreference.First,Iamanextremelysensitiveperson.Itendtoseeeverytinyexpressionandnonverbalbehaviorasembodyingspecialmeaning.Evenaglimpseofsomethingcanbothermeforalongtime.WhenImustcommunicateaboutsomethingupsettingorcontroversial,Iliketousee-mailsortextmessagessothatIamnotbotheredbypeople‟sreactions.IfIcannotseehowothersareresponding,Icanremainfocusedontheproblemandstayinthebestconditiontosolveit.Moreover,usingwrittenformsofcommunicationsuchase-mailandtextmessagingtodiscussupsettingthingsallowspeopletopouroutfeelingsthattheyaretooembarrassedtostatedirectly.Atonetime,Ihadproblemswithafriendinseniorhighschool.Hehadhelpedmewithmathematicssincewewerefreshmen.ThisbecameaIBT-SAT——小马过河专业备考30 problemwhenhisgirlfriendenteredmyclass.Inordertoavoidhisgirlfriendmisunderstandingourrelationship,hestoppedtalkingtomeandbrokeoffourtutoring.Ifellintodeepsorrow.Iwasawarethatitwasnecessarytohaveadeepconversationwithhim;otherwise,Iwouldloseafriend.However,thewordsinmyheartwerehardtospeakdirectlytohim.Iwroteathree-pageletterandtoldhimeverythingIthought.Thelettersavedourfriendship.Afterthatexperience,Iunderstoodthatwritingcanhelpresolveupsettingandcontroversialsituations.Finally,writingdownideasandopinionscanbethebestwaytoavoidconflictandmisunderstanding.Whenpeopletalkaboutupsettingandcontroversialissues,theyareeasilyexcitedandtheneasilybecomeinvolvedinarguments.Solvingproblemsbyexchangingopinionsandideasthroughwrittenwordscanpreventconflictfromhappening.Oneofmyneighborsoncedroppedanotetomesayingthatmybicycleshouldn‟tbeparkedinfrontthedriveway.Thenotewascontainedinaverylovelyenvelope,whichwassosweetthatIcouldnotsaynotohisrequest,althoughitisashareddrivewayandIhavetherighttoparkmybikethere.Inconclusion,althoughwenowliveinabusyworldwheretimeisprecious,itisbetterthatweslowdownandrelaxforaminute,thinkaboutwhatwearegoingsay,trytowritethemdowninwordsandthencommunicatethemessagestoothers.（420）IBT-SAT——小马过河专业备考31 2011年7-9月大陆托福考试新题日预测2011年7-9月份的大陆托福考试，仍以重复北美机经为主，出新题概率比较大的日期有3个，但新题不会连续出。所以连报两场比较保险。但是没有绝对的悲剧日，大家不应该纠结这个，除了让自己无心备考，对考试没有任何帮助！如果ETS沿用以上规律，那么2011年的7-9月，大家要注意几个容易出现新题的日期：7月23日（12小时后北美有考试）8月27日（12小时后北美有考试，但如果7月23日是新题，8月27日几乎不会是新题）9月24日（12小时后北美有考试，并且为连续两场考试的第一场）托福安全日托福考试的安全日为：709（旧题），813（旧题），821（旧题），918（旧题），925（大陆旧题/北美旧题拼盘）IBT-SAT——小马过河专业备考32